Adjustable metal cutting tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal cutting machining, and discloses an adjustable metal cutting tool which comprises a tool apron and a cutting part, the cutting part is fixedly installed at the end of the tool apron through a bolt, the tool apron is horizontally arranged, and a position adjusting mechanism is arranged at the end of the tool apron and used for adjusting the cutting angle of the cutting part. Through the combined structure of the indicating dial, the scale teeth and the double-circular toothed plate, precise quantitative adjustment of the cutting angle is achieved, the angle precision can be flexibly set according to the machining requirement, the problems that an existing cutter is fuzzy in angle adjustment and insufficient in precision are solved, the consistency of the workpiece machining precision is effectively improved, the machining requirement of precise mechanical parts is particularly met, and the machining efficiency is improved. The whole tool does not need to be disassembled, the tool changing and debugging time is greatly shortened, one tool can meet the machining requirements of workpieces of multiple specifications and multiple working conditions, the tool stocking cost and the machining cost are effectively reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal cutting technology, and more specifically, to an adjustable metal cutting tool. Background Technology

[0002] Cutting tools are tools used to machine metal workpieces, such as lathe tools, milling cutters, boring tools, drills, reamers, grooving tools, and threading tools. Their function is to process metal blanks into parts that meet the required dimensions and precision through cutting. They are core components of machine tools (lathes, milling machines, machining centers).

[0003] In existing technologies, metal cutting tools are mainly divided into two categories: fixed and simple adjustable. Fixed tools have fixed cutting angles and dimensions, and a single tool can only adapt to the machining needs of a single specification and a single working condition. When facing multi-specification workpieces or multi-process machining, frequent tool changes are required, which not only increases tooling inventory costs but also leads to excessively long tool change and debugging times, resulting in low machining efficiency. On the other hand, existing simple adjustable tools often lack precise angle positioning structures and stable locking mechanisms. The angle quantification accuracy during adjustment is insufficient, and problems such as angle deviation and axial movement due to vibration during cutting are prone to occur, resulting in poor workpiece machining accuracy consistency and difficulty in meeting precision machining requirements. In addition, the adjustment structure of some adjustable tools is complex and cumbersome to operate, requiring a high level of operator proficiency, which further limits their application in batch processing scenarios. Therefore, how to provide an adjustable metal cutting tool is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an adjustable metal cutting tool, which aims to solve the following problems: in related technologies, metal cutting tools have low precision in adjusting the cutting angle, poor locking stability, and require frequent tool changes during multi-condition machining, resulting in low machining efficiency and high tooling inventory costs.

[0005] An adjustable metal cutting tool includes a tool holder and a cutting part, the cutting part being fixedly mounted on the end of the tool holder by bolts, and the tool holder being horizontally positioned;

[0006] The tool holder is provided with a position adjustment mechanism at its end. The position adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the cutting angle of the cutting part. The position adjustment mechanism includes a support rod, and an indicator disk is integrally formed at the end of the support rod. An operating lever is provided radially at the edge of the indicator disk. The position adjustment mechanism is provided with a locking mechanism at its end. The locking mechanism is used to lock and fix the adjusted position adjustment mechanism.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the indicator disc is provided with a connecting rod, which is connected to the support rod by bolts. The connecting rod is inserted into the inside of the locking mechanism. The end of the connecting rod is provided with two trapezoidal protrusions along its circumference, and a recess is formed between the two trapezoidal protrusions. The depth of the recess is half the thickness of the trapezoidal protrusions.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a first circular toothed plate is provided in the area of ​​the connecting rod near the indicator disk. The first circular toothed plate is parallel to the indicator disk, and the protruding teeth of the first circular toothed plate face the indicator disk.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a mounting base and a support frame that is detachably mounted at its end by bolts. The axis of the support frame coincides with the axis of the indicator disc, and the outer wall of the support frame near the indicator disc is provided with scale teeth. A cavity is opened inside the support frame, and a connecting rod passes through the support frame and is inserted into the cavity. A first circular toothed plate is located inside the cavity.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a second circular toothed plate is provided on the inner wall of the cavity near the indicator plate. The protrusions of the second circular toothed plate face the first circular toothed plate. In the locked state, the second circular toothed plate meshes with the first circular toothed plate. The number of protrusions on the second circular toothed plate and the number of protrusions on the first circular toothed plate are equal, and the number of protrusions is set according to the adjustment accuracy.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a guide tube is provided on the side of the support frame away from the indicator plate. The axis of the guide tube coincides with the axis of the connecting rod. The guide tube is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, and the inner sidewall of the guide tube is in contact with the outer edge of the trapezoidal protrusion.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a receiving through hole is provided at the arc apex of the guide tube, and a limiting block is inserted into the receiving through hole. The thickness of the guide tube is half the thickness of the limiting block. The limiting block is fitted into the inner side of the recess, and the two sides of the limiting block are in contact with the trapezoidal protrusion.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the mounting base is horizontally mounted with a threaded rod aligned with the connecting rod and the guide tube via bolts. A sleeve is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded rod, one end of which contacts the support frame. The sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the guide tube. A connecting rod is provided at the end of the threaded rod, which is inserted into the connecting rod. A widened portion is provided at the end of the sleeve, the difference between the radius of the widened portion and the radius of the sleeve being equal to half the thickness of the limiting block. In the locked state, the inner sidewall of the sleeve is in contact with the outer edge of the limiting block.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, piston chambers are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the cavity. A first piston is provided inside the upper piston chamber, and a second piston is provided inside the lower piston chamber. The cavity is filled with lubricating oil, and an oil outlet is provided on the side. Both the oil inlet and the oil outlet are provided with sealing caps.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the piston rod of the first piston extends through the support frame to the outside, and a spring is connected between the piston rod and the support frame. An elastic support is fixedly connected between the lower surface of the second piston and the piston cavity. An exhaust hole communicating with the piston cavity is opened at the bottom of the support frame. A magnet is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the second piston.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] This invention achieves precise quantitative adjustment of the cutting angle through a combination structure of an indicator dial, graduated teeth, and double circular toothed plates. The angle accuracy can be flexibly set according to processing requirements, solving the problems of vague and insufficient precision in existing tool angle adjustments. It effectively improves the consistency of workpiece processing accuracy, especially suitable for the processing requirements of precision mechanical parts. It eliminates the need to disassemble the entire tool, significantly shortening tool change and debugging time. One tool can adapt to the processing requirements of multiple workpiece specifications and multiple working conditions, effectively reducing tool inventory costs and processing costs, and improving processing efficiency.

[0018] This invention employs a triple locking and positioning structure consisting of toothed plate meshing, limiting block clamping, and connecting rod radial support. It achieves circumferential angle locking through the meshing of the double circular toothed plates, axial clamping through the cooperation of the widened sleeve and the limiting block, and the connecting rod provides stable radial support for the connecting rod, completely eliminating problems such as angle deviation and axial movement during the cutting process and ensuring the stability of the cutting process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure assembly of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the indicator disc and the support frame of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the position adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the position adjustment mechanism and locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the locking mechanism support frame of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the position adjustment mechanism and locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the support frame, sleeve, and guide tube screw of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal planar structure of the mounting base according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is the invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of part A of the structure.

[0029] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Tool holder; 2. Cutting part; 3. Position adjustment mechanism; 31. Support rod; 32. Control lever; 33. Indicator dial; 34. Connecting rod; 35. First circular toothed plate; 36. Trapezoidal protrusion; 37. Recess; 4. Locking mechanism; 41. Mounting base; 42. Support frame; 43. Threaded rod; 44. Sleeve; 45. Widened part; 46. Guide tube; 47. Receiving through hole; 48. Limiting block; 49. Cavity; 410. Second circular toothed plate; 411. Connecting rod; 5. Second piston; 6. First piston; 7. Elastic support member; 8. Exhaust hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0031] refer to Figures 1-9 As shown, an adjustable metal cutting tool includes a tool holder 1 and a cutting part 2. The cutting part 2 is fixedly mounted on the end of the tool holder 1 by bolts, and the tool holder 1 is horizontally arranged.

[0032] The end of the tool holder 1 is provided with a position adjustment mechanism 3, which is used to adjust the cutting angle of the cutting part 2. The position adjustment mechanism 3 includes a support rod 31, and an indicator disk 33 is integrally formed at the end of the support rod 31. An operating lever 32 is provided radially at the edge of the indicator disk 33. The end of the position adjustment mechanism 3 is provided with a locking mechanism 4, which is used to lock and fix the adjusted position adjustment mechanism 3.

[0033] It should be further explained that a first circular toothed plate 35 is provided on the area of ​​the connecting rod 34 near the indicator disk 33. The first circular toothed plate 35 is parallel to the indicator disk 33, and the protruding teeth of the first circular toothed plate 35 face the indicator disk 33. The locking mechanism 4 includes a mounting base 41 and a support frame 42 that is detachably mounted to its end by bolts. The axis of the support frame 42 coincides with the axis of the indicator disk 33. The connecting rod 34 passes through the support frame 42 and is inserted into the cavity 49. The connection between the connecting rod 34 and the support frame 42 is achieved by the connecting rod 34, which connects the position adjustment mechanism 3 and the locking mechanism 4. The cooperation between the connecting rod 34 and the support frame 42 also ensures... The rotation axis of the connecting rod 34 is fixed, and the outer wall of the support frame 42 near the indicator disk 33 is provided with scale teeth. The scale corresponds to the indicator disk 33. When the indicator disk 33 is rotated by the operating lever 32, the pointer on the indicator disk 33 points to the scale teeth, thereby determining the rotation angle. The support frame 42 has a cavity 49 inside, and the first circular toothed plate 35 is located inside the cavity 49. The first circular toothed plate 35 is located inside the cavity 49 to prevent the connecting rod 34 from disengaging from the support frame 42, and can also be used in conjunction with the locking mechanism 4 when locking the angle later to ensure the stability of the position adjustment mechanism 3.

[0034] In this embodiment, the specific implementation scenario is as follows: For multi-condition cutting of metal workpieces, such as roughing, semi-finishing, or cutting operations at different angles on the same metal blank, the mounting base 41 is first fixed to the machine tool's feed mechanism. Based on the material of the metal to be processed, such as carbon steel or aluminum alloy, and cutting requirements, a specific cutting angle is set to reduce cutting resistance and improve workpiece surface finish. The operator first moves the control lever 32 axially, pushing the indicator disk 33 to fit against the side of the support frame 42. During this process, the connecting rod 34 moves horizontally. Then, the control lever 32 is moved again to drive the indicator disk 33, and the support rod 31 rotates around the axis of the support frame 42. The process is observed... The pointer on the indicator 33 corresponds to the scale teeth on the outer wall of the support frame 42, precisely adjusting the cutting angle of the cutting part 2 to the preset value. After the angle adjustment is completed, the connecting rod 34 is pulled outward by the control lever 32. Finally, the position adjustment mechanism 3 is locked and fixed by the locking mechanism 4 to ensure that the support rod 31 does not shift during the cutting process. Then, the machine tool is started so that the adjusted cutting part 2 contacts the metal workpiece and completes the cutting operation. If the cutting angle needs to be changed to adapt to different processing stages, the above steps of pushing, rotating, scale alignment, and locking can be repeated without disassembling the whole or replacing the tool. This achieves convenient and precise adjustment of the cutting angle, improving processing efficiency and workpiece processing quality.

[0035] In another embodiment of the present invention, a second circular toothed plate 410 is provided on the inner wall of the cavity 49 near the indicator plate 33. The protruding teeth of the second circular toothed plate 410 face the first circular toothed plate 35. In the locked state, the second circular toothed plate 410 meshes with the first circular toothed plate 35. The number of protruding teeth on the second circular toothed plate 410 and the number of protruding teeth on the first circular toothed plate 35 are equal, and the number of protruding teeth is set according to the adjustment accuracy.

[0036] In this embodiment, the specific implementation scenario is as follows: Since the number of protruding teeth on the second circular toothed plate 410 and the first circular toothed plate 35 is equal, and the number of protruding teeth is preset according to the adjustment accuracy (e.g., 360 protruding teeth are set if 1° accuracy is required, and 720 protruding teeth are set if 0.5° accuracy is required), when adjusting the angle, the connecting rod 34 is pushed axially to separate the first circular toothed plate 35 from the second circular toothed plate 410 to complete the unlocking. When rotating, the meshing distance of each protruding tooth corresponds to a fixed angle increment, ensuring the quantitative accuracy of the angle adjustment. When the pointer points to the target scale, the rotation of the control lever is stopped. 32. Pull the connecting rod 34 axially to reset it to the left, so that the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 are precisely engaged. The initial locking of the angle is achieved by the meshing of the tooth surfaces. At this time, the cutting angle of the cutting part 2 has been accurately positioned to the preset value. If the cutting accuracy needs to be adjusted in subsequent processes, the above steps can be repeated. There is no need to replace the tool or disassemble the adjustment mechanism. Different accuracy levels and different angle parameters can be quickly switched, which not only ensures the accuracy stability of precision machining, but also greatly improves the efficiency of multi-process machining and reduces the time cost of tool replacement and debugging.

[0037] In another embodiment of the present invention, the end of the indicator disc 33 is provided with a connecting rod 34, which is connected to the support rod 31 by bolts. The connecting rod 34 is inserted into the inside of the locking mechanism 4. The end of the connecting rod 34 is provided with two trapezoidal protrusions 36 along its circumference, and a recess 37 is formed between the two trapezoidal protrusions 36. The depth of the recess 37 is half the thickness of the trapezoidal protrusions 36.

[0038] It should be noted that a guide tube 46 is provided on the side of the support frame 42 away from the indicator plate 33. The axis of the guide tube 46 coincides with the axis of the connecting rod 34. The guide tube 46 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 34, and the inner side wall of the guide tube 46 is in contact with the outer edge of the trapezoidal protrusion 36. A receiving through hole 47 is opened at the arc top of the guide tube 46. A limiting block 48 is inserted into the inside of the receiving through hole 47. The thickness of the guide tube 46 is half the thickness of the limiting block 48. The limiting block 48 is fitted into the inside of the recess 37, and the two sides of the limiting block 48 are in contact with the trapezoidal protrusion 36. The top of the mounting base 41 is horizontal and is detachably installed with a threaded rod 43 that is aligned with the connecting rod 34 and the guide tube 46 by bolts. A sleeve 44 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod 43, and one end of the sleeve 44 is in contact with the support frame 42.

[0039] It should be further explained that the top of the mounting base 41 is horizontally mounted with a threaded rod 43 that is aligned with the connecting rod 34 and the guide tube 46 via bolts. A sleeve 44 is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded rod 43. One end of the sleeve 44 is in contact with the support frame 42. The sleeve 44 is fitted onto the outer wall of the guide tube 46. A connecting rod 411 is provided at the end of the threaded rod 43. The connecting rod 411 is inserted into the inside of the connecting rod 34. A widening part 45 is provided at the end of the sleeve 44. The difference between the radius of the widening part 45 and the radius of the sleeve 44 is equal to half the thickness of the limiting block 48. In the locked state, the inner side wall of the sleeve 44 is in contact with the outer edge of the limiting block 48.

[0040] In this embodiment, the specific implementation scenario is as follows: the connecting rod 411 is stably inserted into the connecting rod 34, providing radial support for the connecting rod 34. According to the processing requirements, the operator first rotates the sleeve 44 clockwise. Since the sleeve 44 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 43 and sleeved on the outer wall of the guide tube 46, the sleeve 44 moves away from the support frame 42 along the threaded rod 43 during the rotation. When the widened part 45 moves to the receiving through hole 47, the clamping constraint on the limiting block 48 is released. Then, the operating lever 32 is pushed axially, causing the connecting rod 34 to move along the axis of the guide tube 46 towards the indicator disk 33. At this time, the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 separate. Under the action of the trapezoidal protrusion 36, the limiting block 48 is pushed into the inside of the widened part 45, and the inner wall of the guide tube 46 is always in contact with the outer edge of the trapezoidal protrusion 36 to avoid radial displacement of the connecting rod 34.

[0041] Next, the control lever 32 is moved, causing the indicator dial 33 and the connecting rod 34 to rotate around the axis of the connecting rod 411. After the angle is confirmed, the control lever 32 is pulled axially in the opposite direction to reset the connecting rod 34. The first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 mesh to achieve initial circumferential locking. At this time, the support of the trapezoidal protrusion 36 is lost, and the limiting block 48 falls back into the recess 37. Then, the sleeve 44 is rotated counterclockwise to move it towards the support frame 42 until the widened part 45 is once again in contact with the support frame 42. At this time, the rotating sleeve 44 is once again in contact with the limiting block 48, pressing it tightly in the recess 37. Both sides are in close contact with the trapezoidal protrusion 36 to form axial fixation, thereby preventing the connecting rod 34 from moving axially and ensuring the stability of the position adjustment mechanism 3.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the mounting base 41 of the locking mechanism 4 is first fixed to the feed mechanism of the machine tool with bolts / locating pins to ensure that the tool holder 1 is kept in a horizontal position. The cutting part 2 is aligned with the preset cutting area of ​​the metal workpiece to be processed. When adjusting the angle of the tool holder 1 according to the processing requirements, the sleeve 44 is rotated clockwise to move it away from the support frame 42 along the threaded rod 43. The widening part 45 moves to the receiving through hole 47, releasing the axial clamping constraint on the limiting block 48. Then, the operating lever 32 is pushed axially to drive the connecting rod 34 to move along the axis of the guide tube 46, so that the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 are completely separated, releasing the circumferential angle lock. At this time, the limiting block 48 is pushed into the inside of the widening part 45 under the support of the trapezoidal protrusion 36. Then, the radially distributed operating lever 32 is moved to drive the indicator plate 33 and the support rod 31 to rotate around the axis of the connecting rod 411. During the process, the indicator plate 33 is observed. The correspondence between the pointer and the scale teeth on the outer wall of the support frame 42 is used to precisely adjust the cutting angle of the cutting part 2 to the target value. After the angle is confirmed, the control lever 32 is pulled in the opposite direction to drive the connecting rod 34 to reset along the axis of the guide tube 46, so that the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 are precisely engaged to achieve preliminary circumferential locking. At this time, the limit block 48 loses the support of the trapezoidal protrusion 36 and is re-fitted into the recess 37. Then, the sleeve 44 is rotated counterclockwise to move along the threaded rod 43 towards the support frame 42 until the widened part 45 contacts the support frame 42. At this time, the sleeve 44 re-fits the outer edge of the limit block 48 and presses it tightly. Then, the machine tool is started, and the cutting part 2 contacts the metal workpiece at the set angle to complete the corresponding cutting processes such as roughing and semi-finishing. If the cutting angle needs to be switched later, the above operation can be repeated. After the processing is completed, the machine tool is turned off, and after the cutting part 2 cools down, the tool surface is cleaned and maintained before storage.

[0043] It should be noted that, since this device is manually operated, there will be a slight misalignment between the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 during rotation. When this misalignment occurs and they come into contact, the protruding part of the tooth of the first circular toothed plate 35 will contact the inclined part of the tooth groove of the second circular toothed plate 410. After long-term, high-frequency use, the tooth groove and tooth tip surfaces are prone to wear due to continuous friction, resulting in a decrease in the tooth surface fit accuracy, which in turn affects the stability and accuracy of angle adjustment. At the same time, the cutting part 2 will generate a lot of cutting heat during cutting operations, and this heat will be released through the tool holder 1, support rod 31, etc. When the component is transferred to the meshing point of the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410, the component temperature rises and the wear resistance of the material decreases. This not only accelerates the aging and wear of the component, but may also cause changes in the mating clearance due to thermal expansion and contraction, further affecting the adjustment accuracy and service life of the tool. Therefore, this application provides another optimized embodiment: piston chambers are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the cavity 49. The first piston 6 is provided inside the piston chamber at the top end, and the second piston 5 is provided inside the piston chamber at the bottom end. The cavity 49 is filled with lubricating oil, and an oil outlet is provided on the side. Both the oil inlet and the oil outlet are provided with sealing caps.

[0044] In this embodiment, the specific implementation scenario is as follows: Lubricating oil is injected into the cavity 49 inside the support frame 42 through the oil injection port. After injection, a sealing cap is installed at the oil injection port to seal it. Subsequently, when the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 separate, the lubricating oil will cover the tooth grooves and tooth tips on their surfaces. On the one hand, it forms a protective oil film, reducing direct friction when the two toothed plates mesh, and reducing the wear rate of the tooth grooves. On the other hand, the lubricating oil has good thermal conductivity and heat dissipation properties. When the heat from the cutting part 2 is transferred to the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410, the lubricating oil can quickly absorb this part of the heat and dissipate it through the oil injection port. The oil is dissipated to the outside through the inner wall of cavity 49 and the oil outlet, preventing heat from accumulating at the tooth groove, which would cause the tooth surface temperature to rise and the material wear resistance to decrease. This further reduces tooth plate wear, extends the service life of the tooth plate, and ensures the angle adjustment accuracy after long-term use. When the first circular tooth plate 35 and the second circular tooth plate 410 come into contact and mesh, the oil film always isolates the two tooth surfaces, which does not affect the meshing force of the convex teeth, and can continuously play the dual role of lubrication and cooling. At this time, the position of the connecting rod 34 has been locked by the limiting block 48, and the support rod 31 will not be axially or circumferentially offset due to the presence of lubricating oil, thus ensuring the stability of the cutting process.

[0045] To ensure the rigidity and toughness of the structure, the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 of this application are both made of metal material mainly composed of steel. After repeated friction, this material will produce tiny debris. The debris will accumulate in the tooth groove and further aggravate wear, which will easily affect the adjustment accuracy. Therefore, this application provides another optimized embodiment: the piston column of the first piston 6 extends to the outside through the support frame 42, and an elastic support member 7 is fixedly connected between the lower surface of the second piston 5 and the piston cavity. The bottom of the support frame 42 is provided with an exhaust hole 8 that communicates with the piston cavity, and a magnet block is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the second piston 5.

[0046] In this embodiment, the specific implementation scenario is as follows: When the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 are separated, the piston column extending from the first piston 6 to the outside of the support frame 42 can be pressed to push the lubricating oil to flow rapidly in the cavity 49. The flushing force of the lubricating oil carries away friction debris and other adhering substances on the tooth groove, preventing impurities from embedding in the tooth groove and aggravating wear. The debris will eventually settle on the second piston 5 at the bottom and be attracted by the magnet, thereby preventing subsequent debris from flowing back into the lubricating oil and contacting the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410, further extending the stable service life of the tool. The bottom of the second piston 5 is provided with an elastic support 7. When the first piston 6 is pressed down and the frictional heat during the cutting process causes the lubricating oil temperature to rise and its volume to expand, the lubricating oil... The oil is squeezed by the second piston 5 to provide a buffer space, thus preventing excessive pressure in the cavity 49 from causing lubricating oil leakage or abnormal force on the tooth plate meshing. When the first piston 6 moves up and down, air is injected and discharged from the exhaust port 8. When the first piston 6 is released, the elastic support 7 pushes the piston back to its original position under the action of elastic restoring force. By pushing the lubricating oil in the opposite direction, the first piston 6 is pushed upward, thus ensuring that the lubricating oil is always full in the tooth plate meshing area. This avoids the impact of discontinuous oil film on lubrication, cooling effect and angle adjustment accuracy, and further extends the stable service life of the tool. Finally, when performing maintenance after long-term use, the support frame 42 can be removed to clean the inside of the cavity 49 and remove the debris adsorbed on the magnet block.

[0047] Working principle:

[0048] Before starting any machining task, the tool must be installed on the machine tool as a whole. The mounting base 41 in the locking mechanism 4 is fixed to the feed mechanism of the machine tool by bolts or positioning pins to ensure that the tool holder 1 can maintain a horizontal posture, so that the initial position of the cutting part 2 is accurately aligned with the preset cutting area of ​​the metal workpiece to be machined. At this time, the position adjustment mechanism 3 and the locking mechanism 4 are in a fully locked state, that is, the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 are precisely engaged, and the limiting block 48 is pressed into the recess 37 of the connecting rod 34 by the widened part 45 of the sleeve 44.

[0049] When the cutting angle needs to be adjusted according to new processing requirements, the operator needs to perform the unlocking operation first: the operator rotates the sleeve 44 clockwise, driving the sleeve 44 to move away from the support frame 42 along the axis of the threaded rod 43.

[0050] As the sleeve 44 moves, the widened portion 45 at its end gradually moves away until it is fully aligned and exposes the receiving through hole 47 on the guide tube 46. At this time, the inner wall of the sleeve 44 no longer applies pressure to the limiting block 48, releasing its axial constraint. Immediately afterwards, the operator pushes the operating lever 32 axially, causing the entire position adjustment mechanism 3 to move axially. During this process, the trapezoidal protrusion 36 on the connecting rod 34 will support the limiting block 48, temporarily pushing it into the space inside the widened portion 45. At the same time, the movement of the connecting rod 34 causes the first circular toothed plate 35 on it to completely separate from the second circular toothed plate 410 in the cavity 49 of the support frame 42, thereby releasing the circumferential angle lock.

[0051] It should be noted that throughout the entire unlocking and subsequent adjustment process, the docking rod 411 remains stably inserted inside the connecting rod 34, providing a solid radial support center for the entire rotating component and effectively preventing swaying or eccentricity caused by the cantilever effect.

[0052] After unlocking, the movement of the lever 32 will cause the indicator disk 33 to rotate around the axis established by the docking rod 411. By observing the correspondence between the pointer and the scale teeth, the operator can intuitively and accurately read the current cutting angle. The operator continues to move the lever 32 until the pointer on the indicator disk 33 points to the desired target scale value. At this time, the cutting angle of the cutting part 2 is set to the preset value.

[0053] The operator pulls the control lever 32 in the opposite direction (axially outward) to reset the connecting rod 34. During this process, the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 re-contact and mesh. As the connecting rod 34 is reset, the trapezoidal protrusion 36 no longer supports the limiting block 48, and the limiting block 48 re-fits into the recess 37 on the connecting rod 34. At this time, the operator rotates the sleeve 44 counterclockwise to move it along the threaded rod 43 toward the support frame 42. When the widened part 45 of the sleeve 44 re-contacts the support frame 42, the inner wall of the sleeve 44 will press tightly against the outer edge of the limiting block 48, locking it firmly in the recess 37.

[0054] After the double locking is completed, the tool is ready to perform high-precision cutting. Start the machine tool, and the cutting part 2 contacts the workpiece at the set angle to complete the machining task.

[0055] After a single machining task is completed, if the next process or workpiece needs to be changed, the above process can be repeated without disassembling the entire tool, which greatly improves efficiency. In addition, by setting lubricating oil in the cavity 49, when the first circular tooth plate 35 and the second circular tooth plate 410 are separated, the lubricating oil will cover the tooth grooves and tooth tops on their surfaces. On the one hand, it forms a protective oil film, reducing the direct friction when the two tooth plates mesh and reducing the wear rate of the tooth grooves. On the other hand, when the cutting process generates heat, the heat from the cutting part 2 is transferred to the first circular tooth plate 35 and the second circular tooth plate 410. At this time, the lubricating oil can absorb this part of the heat, preventing the heat from accumulating at the tooth grooves, which would cause the tooth surface temperature to rise and the material wear resistance to decrease, thereby reducing tooth plate wear and extending the service life of the tooth plates.

[0056] When the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410 are separated, the piston column extending from the first piston 6 to the outside of the support frame 42 can be pressed to push the lubricating oil to flow rapidly in the cavity 49. The flushing force of the lubricating oil carries away the friction debris and other deposits attached to the tooth grooves, preventing impurities from embedding in the tooth grooves and aggravating wear. The debris will eventually settle on the second piston 5 at the bottom and be attracted by the magnet, thus preventing subsequent debris from flowing back into the lubricating oil and contacting the first circular toothed plate 35 and the second circular toothed plate 410. This further extends the stable service life of the tool. During regular maintenance after long-term use, the lubricating oil can be replaced through the oil inlet and outlet, and the support frame 42 can be removed to clean the metal debris inside the cavity 49 and on the magnet, ensuring that the system is always in the best working condition.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable metal cutting tool, comprising a tool holder (1) and a cutting part (2), wherein the cutting part (2) is fixedly mounted on the end of the tool holder (1) by bolts, and the tool holder (1) is horizontally arranged, characterized in that: The end of the tool holder (1) is provided with a position adjustment mechanism (3). The position adjustment mechanism (3) is used to adjust the cutting angle of the cutting part (2). The position adjustment mechanism (3) includes a support rod (31). The end of the support rod (31) is integrally formed with an indicator plate (33). The edge of the indicator plate (33) is provided with a control lever (32) in the radial direction. The end of the position adjustment mechanism (3) is provided with a locking mechanism (4). The locking mechanism (4) is used to lock and fix the adjusted position adjustment mechanism (3).

2. An adjustable metal cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the indicator (33) is provided with a connecting rod (34), which is connected to the support rod (31) by bolts. The connecting rod (34) is inserted into the locking mechanism (4). The end of the connecting rod (34) is provided with two trapezoidal protrusions (36) along its circumference. A recess (37) is formed between the two trapezoidal protrusions (36), and the depth of the recess (37) is half the thickness of the trapezoidal protrusions (36).

3. An adjustable metal cutting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting rod (34) is provided with a first circular toothed plate (35) in the area near the indicator disk (33). The first circular toothed plate (35) is parallel to the indicator disk (33), and the protruding teeth of the first circular toothed plate (35) face the indicator disk (33).

4. An adjustable metal cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (4) includes a mounting base (41) and a support frame (42) that is detachably mounted at its end by bolts. The axis of the support frame (42) coincides with the axis of the indicator disc (33). The outer wall of the support frame (42) near the indicator disc (33) is provided with scale teeth. A cavity (49) is opened inside the support frame (42). A connecting rod (34) passes through the support frame (42) and is inserted into the cavity (49). A first circular toothed plate (35) is located inside the cavity (49).

5. An adjustable metal cutting tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second circular toothed plate (410) is provided on the inner wall of the cavity (49) near the indicator plate (33). The protrusions of the second circular toothed plate (410) face the first circular toothed plate (35). In the locked state, the second circular toothed plate (410) meshes with the first circular toothed plate (35). The number of protrusions on the second circular toothed plate (410) and the number of protrusions on the first circular toothed plate (35) are equal, and the number of protrusions is set according to the adjustment accuracy.

6. An adjustable metal cutting tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support frame (42) is provided with a guide tube (46) on the side away from the indicator plate (33). The axis of the guide tube (46) coincides with the axis of the connecting rod (34). The guide tube (46) is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod (34), and the inner sidewall of the guide tube (46) is in contact with the outer edge of the trapezoidal protrusion (36).

7. An adjustable metal cutting tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide tube (46) has an accommodating through hole (47) at the top of the arc. A limiting block (48) is inserted into the accommodating through hole (47). The thickness of the guide tube (46) is half the thickness of the limiting block (48). The limiting block (48) is fitted into the inner side of the recess (37), and the two sides of the limiting block (48) are in contact with the trapezoidal protrusion (36).

8. An adjustable metal cutting tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting base (41) is horizontally mounted on top and is detachably mounted with a threaded rod (43) aligned with the connecting rod (34) and the guide tube (46) by bolts. A sleeve (44) is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded rod (43). One end of the sleeve (44) is in contact with the support frame (42). The sleeve (44) is fitted onto the outer wall of the guide tube (46). A connecting rod (411) is provided at the end of the threaded rod (43). The connecting rod (411) is inserted into the inside of the connecting rod (34). A widening part (45) is provided at the end of the sleeve (44). The difference between the radius of the widening part (45) and the radius of the sleeve (44) is equal to half the thickness of the limiting block (48). In the locked state, the inner wall of the sleeve (44) is in contact with the outer edge of the limiting block (48).

9. An adjustable metal cutting tool according to any one of claims 4-8, characterized in that: Both ends of the cavity (49) are provided with piston chambers. The first piston (6) is provided inside the top piston chamber, and the second piston (5) is provided inside the bottom piston chamber. The cavity (49) is filled with lubricating oil, and an oil outlet is provided on the side. Both the oil inlet and the oil outlet are provided with sealing caps.

10. An adjustable metal cutting tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The piston column of the first piston (6) extends to the outside through the support frame (42), and a spring is connected between the piston column and the support frame (42). An elastic support member (7) is fixedly connected between the lower surface of the second piston (5) and the piston cavity. An exhaust hole (8) communicating with the piston cavity is opened at the bottom of the support frame (42). A magnet block is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the second piston (5).

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