Automatic clamp for fixing revolving body products in machining industry

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic clamp for fixing a rotary body product in the machining industry. The automatic clamp comprises a clamp body frame, an axial clamping mechanism, a radial clamping mechanism, a flexible supporting mechanism, a force position monitoring and adjusting system, a gas detection state monitoring system and a numerical control integrated system. According to the automatic clamp, the basic function of clamping a rotary body part is achieved through the clamp main body frame, and the machining and positioning precision is guaranteed; rapid switching and clamping of various rotary parts are achieved through the axial clamping mechanism; by adopting an internal expansion type structure and combining a radial clamping mechanism designed by floating compensation, the self-centering of an expanded inner hole of a part is ensured, and meanwhile, the part is prevented from being clamped and deformed; the bottom of the part is flexibly supported through the flexible supporting mechanism, and bottom deformation in the part mounting process is prevented; the clamping force is monitored in real time through the clamping force monitoring and adjusting system and a force sensor, and the automatic machining process is achieved through linkage of the numerical control integrated system and the machining center. The problem that clamping force cannot be accurately controlled is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining fixture technology, and relates to an automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining industry, the processing of rotating parts typically relies on fixtures to hold the parts in place, ensuring positional accuracy and stability during machining. Currently, commonly used fixtures for rotating parts include manual three-jaw chucks, hydraulic three-jaw chucks, and specialized fixtures. However, these fixtures have the following shortcomings in practical applications: (1) Poor compatibility Traditional fixtures are mostly designed for a single product type, making it impossible to quickly switch between clamping various rotating parts of different specifications and structures. When different types of parts need to be processed, the entire fixture needs to be replaced or a large number of fixture components need to be adjusted, resulting in long production preparation time, low production efficiency, and difficulty in adapting to multi-variety, small-batch production modes.

[0003] (2) The self-centering accuracy is low and it is easy to cause deformation of the parts. Manual three-jaw chucks achieve part centering through manual adjustment, but the centering accuracy is low and the clamping force is difficult to control, which can easily lead to damage or deformation of the parts. Although hydraulic three-jaw chucks achieve automated clamping, they use a rigid clamping method. For thin-walled, easily deformable rotating parts, the uneven distribution of clamping force can still easily cause deformation, affecting the product's machining accuracy.

[0004] (3) Part deformation problem During the machining of rotating parts, the parts often lack effective support and fixing structures. During assembly, they are prone to deformation due to the transmission of gravity or clamping force. This deformation problem is particularly prominent for slender shaft-type rotating parts, which seriously affects the machining quality.

[0005] (4) The clamping force cannot be monitored and adjusted in real time. Most existing fixtures have preset fixed clamping forces, which cannot be flexibly adjusted according to parameters such as part material and material condition. They also lack real-time monitoring functions, making it impossible to adjust them in real time according to variables such as cutting parameters and wall thickness allowances during machining. When the clamping force is too large, it can easily cause part deformation; when the clamping force is too small, the part is prone to loosening during machining, leading to safety accidents and machining errors.

[0006] (5) The gas detection status lacks effective display. Some fixtures use pneumatic assisted clamping, but the air pressure is only indicated by a pressure gauge, which cannot intuitively and accurately reflect whether the air pressure meets the clamping requirements. In addition, there is no abnormal alarm function. When the air pressure is insufficient, it is easy to cause the clamping to be unstable, which affects the stability of the machining process.

[0007] (6) Low degree of automation integration Traditional fixtures have poor linkage with machining centers, and most of them require manual clamping, adjustment and monitoring, which cannot achieve full automation of the machining process. This not only increases labor costs, but also makes it easy for machining errors to occur due to human operation, making it difficult to meet the production needs of intelligent factories.

[0008] To address the aforementioned issues, relevant technical personnel in the industry have conducted certain research and improvements. A rotating housing fixture system and its usage method, published under publication number CN105817929B by a team from Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, includes a worktable, a mechanical fixture, and a suction fixture. The rotating housing is axially and radially positioned and secured by the mechanical fixture; the suction fixture is connected to the rotating housing via a suction cup arm; the rotation of the rotating housing is achieved by switching a one-way valve and a corresponding reversing valve to complete all machining processes for the holes to be assembled. This method offers high machining accuracy, environmentally friendly processing, and simple operation, thus improving machining efficiency. However, this fixture cannot achieve real-time monitoring and adjustment of the clamping force, and the problem of part deformation remains unresolved.

[0009] Chinese utility model patent CN219444094U discloses a flexible support fixture system for complex rotating thin-walled parts, developed by a team from Xi'an Jiaotong University. This system employs a mechanical-hydraulic clamping method, offering high clamping efficiency and rigidity. Real-time acquisition of the machining status improves the rigidity and accuracy of the parts. However, further research is needed on the fixture's protection of the product and its functional linkage with the machine tool.

[0010] Therefore, there is still a lack of an automated fixture for rotary products that can take into account multi-variety compatibility, high-precision self-centering, deformation control, real-time monitoring and adjustment of clamping force, and high degree of automation integration. Technological innovation and improvement are urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The technical problem solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose an automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry. This fixture addresses the problems of poor compatibility, easy deformation of parts during clamping, inaccurate control of clamping force, and low degree of automation integration of existing fixtures, thereby improving the automation level, processing accuracy, and production efficiency of rotating product processing. The solution to the technical problem of this invention is: an automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry, comprising a fixture main frame, an axial clamping mechanism, a radial clamping mechanism, a flexible support mechanism, a force and position monitoring and adjustment system, a gas detection status monitoring system, and a CNC integrated system; The main frame of the fixture includes a base, a movable turntable mounting base, a fixed turntable mounting base, and a support bracket for the servo electric cylinder. The movable turntable mounting base and the fixed turntable mounting base are fixed at both ends of the base. The movable turntable mounting base is used to install the movable turntable and the precision module, and the fixed turntable mounting base is used to install the fixed turntable. The servo cylinder mounting bracket is fixed in the middle of the base and is used to fix and connect the servo cylinder. The axial clamping mechanism includes a precision module, a movable turntable, a fixed turntable, and a hydraulic locking device; The output end of the precision module is fixed to the movable turntable, driving the movable turntable to move along the linear track to the designated position; Both the movable and fixed turntables have built-in servo drive components that drive the two turntables to rotate synchronously around their own axes. The hydraulic locking device is installed on the precision module. It uses hydraulic pressure to drive the locking block to fit against the linear guide of the precision module to generate a preload. After the moving turntable reaches the target position, the locking is triggered. The radial clamping mechanism includes a rotary pneumatic chuck, a hydraulic floating chuck, and a cylinder assembly; The rotary pneumatic chuck and the hydraulic floating chuck are respectively mounted on the movable turntable and the fixed turntable; The hydraulic cylinder assembly includes a turntable hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder connecting seat. The turntable hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the fixed turntable through the hydraulic cylinder connecting seat, and its output end is connected to the hydraulic floating chuck, driving the hydraulic floating chuck to move radially along the rotating part, thereby realizing the internal expansion and self-centering clamping of the rotating part. The flexible support mechanism includes a support block, an elastic element, and a support servo electric cylinder; One end of the support block provides flexible support to the bottom of the rotating part, and the other end is connected to the output end of the support servo electric cylinder through an elastic element; the support servo electric cylinder is used to drive the elastic element and the support block to move toward the rotating part. The force and position monitoring and adjustment system includes a force sensor, a torque sensor, a support force sensor, a displacement sensor, a signal conditioning module, and a touch screen; A force sensor is installed on the clamping surface of the hydraulic floating chuck to detect the radial clamping force of the hydraulic floating chuck of the radial clamping mechanism on the rotating part in real time. A torque sensor is installed on the output shaft of the precision module to detect the resistance torque generated by the axial clamping of the precision module in real time. A support force sensor is installed between the support block and the output shaft of the support servo cylinder to detect in real time the support force applied by the support block of the flexible support mechanism to the bottom of the rotating part; Displacement sensors are installed in parallel on the side of the support block to detect the real-time displacement of the support block, reflect the expansion and contraction state of the support block, and capture dynamic change data during the support process. The signal conditioning module is connected to the force sensor, torque sensor, support force sensor, and displacement sensor to amplify and filter the signals collected by the sensors. The touch screen is installed on the outside of the main frame of the fixture and is electrically connected to the force sensor and torque sensor. It displays the clamping force and torque data in real time and allows the clamping force parameters to be set via the touch screen. The gas detection status monitoring system includes a pressure sensor, a gas distribution block, and a gas detection indicator light. The pressure sensor is installed on the gas distribution block to detect pressure changes in the gas path in real time. The air distribution block is connected to the air passages of the rotary pneumatic chuck and the pneumatic jaws, respectively; The gas detection indicator light is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and displays the gas detection status based on the pressure sensor's detection results. The CNC integrated system includes a PLC and an interface cabinet; The interface cabinet is used for the electrical connection and signal conversion between the automated fixture and the machining center; The PLC is connected to the axial clamping mechanism, radial clamping mechanism, flexible support mechanism, force and position monitoring and adjustment system, and air detection status monitoring system, respectively. It receives detection signals from each sensor and outputs control signals to drive the actions of each actuator, thereby realizing the linkage control between the automated fixture and the machining center.

[0012] Furthermore, the main frame of the fixture also includes a sheet metal protective cover, which is placed over the outside of the precision module to protect the internal structure of the precision module.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the base is equipped with leveling bolts and shock-absorbing pads. The leveling bolts are used to adjust the levelness of the base.

[0014] Furthermore, the precision module adopts a ball screw linear module, which is fixed on the moving turntable mounting base.

[0015] Furthermore, the servo drive assembly includes a servo motor and a gearbox. The encoder is an absolute encoder, and the gearbox is a planetary gearbox. The servo motor is connected to the input shaft of the gearbox via a coupling, and the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the corresponding turntable via a key, driving the turntable to rotate around its own axis.

[0016] Furthermore, the hydraulic floating chuck adopts a self-centering structure, including four jaws, divided into two groups of two jaws each, and has a linkage function; The floating chuck is installed at one end of the fixed turntable and is slidably connected to the fixed turntable via a linear guide rail. It can move along the axis of the fixed turntable. The clamping surface of the hydraulic floating chuck's jaws is provided with anti-slip texture to prevent the rotating parts from sliding.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes pneumatic auxiliary components, hydraulic control units, precision modules, and support servo electric cylinder drive units; Pneumatic auxiliary components: For rotary pneumatic chucks, a pneumatic pressure regulating valve is configured to receive digital signals from the PLC, adjust the pneumatic pressure, and assist in clamping rotating parts. When the clamping force reaches the set value, the PLC controls the pneumatic valve to maintain stable pressure. Hydraulic control unit: It adopts a high-pressure hydraulic pump station and is connected to the turntable cylinder; the hydraulic control unit receives analog signals from the PLC and adjusts the cylinder pressure through the proportional relief valve, thereby changing the clamping force of the floating hydraulic chuck; at the same time, the hydraulic control unit has its own pressure sensor to provide secondary feedback on the cylinder pressure to ensure adjustment accuracy. Precision module and support servo cylinder drive unit: Utilizing a high-precision servo drive module, it forms a rigid connection with the precision module linear motor and the support servo cylinder. For position control, the precision module and support servo cylinder drive unit receives differential signals from the PLC, analyzes position commands through a built-in motion controller, and drives the linear motor to perform displacement actions in real time. Simultaneously, the precision module and support servo cylinder drive unit integrate laser interferometric displacement sensors to dynamically acquire the actual positions of the precision module and support servo cylinder, and feeds back the position deviation signal to the motion controller. The motion controller uses a PID closed-loop adjustment algorithm to correct motor operating parameters in real time, eliminating position errors caused by mechanical transmission backlash and load fluctuations, ensuring that the position control accuracy of the precision module and support servo cylinder meets preset requirements throughout their entire stroke.

[0018] Furthermore, the PLC includes the following functional modules: Analog signal sampling module: The PLC receives the radial clamping force, torque signal, support force signal and displacement signal output by the signal conditioning module through the analog input module, and converts the torque signal into an analog quantity to feed back to the precision module and the support servo electric cylinder drive unit; Force control module: The PLC has a preset force control PID algorithm that compares the actual values ​​of the collected radial clamping force and torque with the target values ​​set by the user. The cylinder pressure parameters and the precision module drive current are adjusted in real time based on the error to achieve the effect of the clamping force being close to the preset target value when stable. Analog output module: The PLC sends signals to the hydraulic control unit, precision module and support servo electric cylinder drive unit through the analog output module to perform negative feedback adjustment of the cylinder pressure and precision module torque until the radial clamping force and torque are stable within ±1% of the target value. Clamping force monitoring module: For radial clamping force and torque signals, the PLC sets a threshold range. When any signal exceeds the threshold, it is judged that the part is loose or the clamping is abnormal. The PLC immediately outputs a stop signal to the machining center and the corresponding fixture actuator, including the precision module, rotary pneumatic chuck, hydraulic floating chuck and cylinder assembly. At the same time, it triggers loosening and overload alarm signals to ensure the clamping safety of rotating parts and the safety of equipment drive.

[0019] Furthermore, the PLC also includes a mode selection and impedance adjustment module: used to realize multi-working mode control of the flexible support mechanism. The user selects the "deformation control" or "flexible support" working mode through the interactive system. After receiving the sampling data from the support force sensor and displacement sensor, the mode selection and impedance adjustment module dynamically calculates the target impedance value through the impedance adjustment algorithm in combination with the current working mode to realize the deformation control and flexible support functions.

[0020] Furthermore, the air distribution block is provided with multiple air interfaces, wherein the air inlet interface is connected to the air compressor through an air pipe, and the air outlet interface is connected to the air interfaces of the rotary pneumatic chuck, the pneumatic jaw, and the pneumatic auxiliary components through air pipes respectively; the air distribution block is provided with a pressure regulating valve and a pressure gauge, the pressure regulating valve is used to adjust the pressure of the air path, and the pressure gauge is used to display the pressure value of the air path.

[0021] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: (1) The present invention enables the rapid switching and clamping of various rotating parts of different specifications and types (shaft type, disk type) by rotating the turntable of the axial clamping mechanism and moving the precision module. It does not require replacing the entire fixture or adjusting a large number of parts, reducing production preparation time, improving production efficiency, and adapting to the production mode of multiple varieties and small batches.

[0022] (2) The radial clamping mechanism of the present invention adopts a self-centering structure. Through the linkage and floating compensation design of two sets of jaws, the precise self-centering of the inner hole of the part is achieved. At the same time, the flexible support component and elastic element provide flexible support for the bottom of the part, effectively preventing the part from deforming during clamping and processing, and ensuring processing accuracy.

[0023] (3) The clamping force monitoring and adjustment system of the present invention monitors the clamping force in real time through a force sensor and indirectly monitors the clamping status of the part through a torque sensor. Combined with the parameter setting function of the touch screen, the clamping force can be flexibly adjusted according to the part material, wall thickness and other parameters. The clamping force control accuracy can reach ±1kg, avoiding the deformation of the part due to excessive clamping force or the loosening of the part due to insufficient clamping force, thereby improving the stability and safety of the processing process.

[0024] (4) The gas detection status monitoring system of the present invention detects the gas circuit pressure in real time through a pressure sensor. The gas detection indicator light adopts a three-color display to intuitively reflect the normal, warning and abnormal gas detection status. At the same time, it is linked with the fault alarm function to detect gas circuit leakage or pressure abnormality in a timely manner and prevent clamping failure due to gas circuit failure.

[0025] (5) The present invention has a high degree of automation integration. It uses PLC as the control core to realize the coordinated control of various functional mechanisms and systems. It also links with the machining center through the interface cabinet to realize the fully automated process of parts clamping, processing and unloading, reduce manual intervention, reduce labor costs, avoid human operation errors, and meet the production needs of intelligent factories. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main frame of the fixture; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the axial clamping mechanism; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a precision module; Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of fixed and movable turntables; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a radial clamping mechanism; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a hydraulic floating chuck; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a flexible support mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention proposes an automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry, comprising a fixture main frame, an axial clamping mechanism, a radial clamping mechanism, a flexible support mechanism, a force and position monitoring and adjustment system, an air detection status monitoring system, and a CNC integrated system.

[0028] The main frame of the fixture includes a base, a movable turntable mounting base, a fixed turntable mounting base, a support bracket for the servo electric cylinder, and a sheet metal protective cover. The movable turntable mounting base and the fixed turntable mounting base are fixed at both ends of the base. The movable turntable mounting base is used to install the movable turntable and the precision module, and the fixed turntable mounting base is used to install the fixed turntable. The servo cylinder mounting bracket is fixed in the middle of the base and is used to fix and connect the servo cylinder. The sheet metal protective cover is placed on the outside of the precision module to protect the internal structure of the precision module.

[0029] The axial clamping mechanism includes a precision module, a movable turntable, a fixed turntable, and a hydraulic locking device; The output end of the precision module is fixed to the mobile turntable, which drives the mobile turntable to move along the rail to a designated position to achieve clamping of products of different lengths. Both the movable and fixed turntables have built-in servo drive components that drive the two turntables to rotate synchronously around their own axes. The hydraulic locking device is installed on the precision module. It uses hydraulic pressure to drive the locking block to fit against the linear guide of the precision module to generate preload. After the moving turntable reaches the target position, the locking is triggered.

[0030] The radial clamping mechanism includes a rotary pneumatic chuck, a hydraulic floating chuck, and a cylinder assembly; The rotary pneumatic chuck and the hydraulic floating chuck are respectively mounted on the movable turntable and the fixed turntable; The hydraulic cylinder assembly includes a turntable hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder connecting seat. The turntable hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the fixed turntable through the hydraulic cylinder connecting seat, and its output end is connected to a hydraulic floating chuck, driving the hydraulic floating chuck to move radially along the rotating part, thereby realizing the internal expansion and self-centering clamping of the rotating part.

[0031] The flexible support mechanism includes a support block, an elastic element, and a support servo electric cylinder; One end of the elastic element is connected to the support block, and the other end is connected to the output end of the support servo cylinder. The other end of the support block provides flexible support to the bottom of the rotating part. The support servo cylinder is used to drive the elastic element and the support block to move toward the rotating part.

[0032] The force and position monitoring and adjustment system includes a force sensor, a torque sensor, a support force sensor, a displacement sensor, a signal conditioning module, and a touch screen; Force sensors are installed on the clamping surface of the hydraulic floating chuck to detect the radial clamping force of the hydraulic floating chuck on the rotating parts in real time. A torque sensor is installed on the output shaft of the precision module to detect the resistance torque generated by the axial clamping of the precision module in real time. A support force sensor is installed between the support block and the output shaft of the support servo cylinder to detect in real time the support force applied by the support block of the flexible support mechanism to the bottom of the rotating part; Displacement sensors are installed in parallel on the side of the support block to detect the real-time displacement of the support block of the flexible support mechanism, reflect the expansion and contraction state of the support block, and comprehensively capture dynamic change data during the support process.

[0033] The signal conditioning module is connected to the force sensor, torque sensor, support force sensor, and displacement sensor to amplify and filter the signals; The touch screen is installed on the outside of the fixture's main frame and is electrically connected to the force sensor and torque sensor. It displays clamping force and torque data in real time and allows users to set clamping force parameters via the touch screen.

[0034] The gas detection status monitoring system includes a pressure sensor, a gas distribution block, and a gas detection indicator light. The pressure sensor is installed on the gas distribution block to detect pressure changes in the gas path in real time. The air distribution block is connected to the air passages of the rotary pneumatic chuck and the pneumatic jaws, respectively; The gas detection indicator light is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and displays the gas detection status based on the pressure sensor's detection results.

[0035] The CNC integrated system includes a PLC and an interface cabinet; The interface cabinet is used for the electrical connection and signal conversion between the automated fixture and the machining center; The PLC is connected to the axial clamping mechanism, radial clamping mechanism, flexible support mechanism, force and position monitoring and adjustment system, and air detection status monitoring system, respectively. It receives detection signals from each sensor and outputs control signals to drive the actions of each actuator, thereby realizing the linkage control between the automated fixture and the machining center.

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the automated fixture in this embodiment includes a fixture main frame, an axial clamping mechanism, a radial clamping mechanism, a flexible support mechanism, a force and position monitoring and adjustment system, a gas detection status monitoring system, and a CNC integrated system.

[0038] (1) The main frame of the fixture is the supporting foundation of the entire fixture, used to install and fix various functional mechanisms and systems. Its structural design directly affects the stability and rigidity of the fixture. For example Figure 2 As shown, the main frame of the fixture includes a base, a movable turntable mounting base, a fixed turntable mounting base, a servo cylinder support bracket, and a sheet metal protective cover.

[0039] ① Base: The bottom of the base is equipped with leveling bolts and shock-absorbing pads. The leveling bolts are used to adjust the levelness of the base, and the shock-absorbing pads are made of rubber, which can effectively absorb the vibration generated during the processing and avoid the impact of vibration on the processing accuracy. T-slots are machined along the length of the upper surface of the base.

[0040] ② Movable turntable mounting base and fixed turntable mounting base: These are fixed to both ends of the base with bolts. The movable turntable mounting base is used to mount the movable turntable and the precision module, while the fixed turntable mounting base is used to mount the fixed turntable. The movable turntable moves linearly under the drive of the precision module. The upper surface of the fixed turntable mounting base is provided with locating pin holes and T-slots for positioning and fixing the turntable, while ensuring the coaxiality of the two turntables.

[0041] ③Support servo cylinder mounting bracket: Installed between the two turntables, the support servo cylinder mounting bracket is provided with bolt holes, and is fixed to the T-slot of the base by bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support servo cylinder.

[0042] ④ Sheet metal protective cover: Made of stainless steel with a powder-coated surface, it has excellent rust resistance and aesthetic appeal. The sheet metal protective cover is installed on the outside of the precision module to effectively prevent damage to the internal mechanisms from chips and coolant splashes during processing.

[0043] (2) The axial clamping mechanism is used to achieve rapid switching and clamping of rotating parts of various lengths, improving the compatibility of the fixture and production efficiency. In this embodiment, the axial clamping mechanism includes a precision module, a moving turntable, a fixed turntable, and a hydraulic locking device, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0044] ① Precision Module: Utilizing a ball screw linear module fixed to the movable turntable mounting base, the precision module employs linear guides, featuring smooth movement, high precision, and long lifespan, ensuring the movable turntable can accurately move to the designated position. For example... Figure 4 As shown.

[0045] ② Movable turntable and fixed turntable: The movable turntable is fixed to the output end of the precision module, and the fixed turntable is fixed to the fixed turntable mounting base. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the two turntables are synchronously driven by a built-in servo drive assembly, ensuring synchronized rotation at both ends of the rotating parts. This prevents rotational errors caused by jamming of the rotating mechanism and torsional deformation caused by relative rotational errors on both sides of the rotating parts. The servo drive assembly includes a servo motor and a gearbox. The servo motor is a low-inertia servo motor, and the encoder is a multi-turn absolute encoder, featuring high dynamic response and high-precision control performance. The gearbox is a planetary gear reducer, which amplifies the torque of the servo motor to meet the turntable drive requirements. The servo motor is connected to the input shaft of the gearbox via a coupling, and the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the corresponding turntable via a key, driving the turntable to rotate around its own axis.

[0046] ③ Hydraulic locking device: Hydraulic pressure drives the locking block to tightly engage with the linear guide of the precision module. Friction counteracts external forces (cutting forces, vibrations, etc.) acting on the moving turntable, achieving high-precision positioning and efficient station switching. Once the precision module has moved the turntable and a displacement sensor confirms it has reached the target position, locking is triggered. The PLC controls the oil circuit, and high-pressure oil pushes the locking block against the linear guide, generating preload and static friction to lock the turntable. After machining, the oil circuit reverses, and a return spring disengages the locking block from the linear guide, allowing the turntable to move to the next position.

[0047] (3) The radial clamping mechanism is the core functional mechanism of the fixture, used to achieve precise self-centering and clamping of rotating parts, preventing displacement or deformation of the parts during processing. The radial clamping mechanism in this invention includes a rotary pneumatic chuck, a hydraulic floating chuck, and a cylinder assembly. For example... Figure 6 As shown.

[0048] ① Rotary pneumatic chuck: Features fast clamping speed and stable clamping force. The rotary pneumatic chuck is installed at one end of a moving turntable and fixed to the turntable via a flange. It is suitable for clamping shaft-type rotating parts.

[0049] ② Hydraulic Floating Chuck: Employing a self-centering structure, it includes four jaws arranged in two groups of two jaws each, with a jaw linkage function. The floating chuck is mounted at one end of a fixed turntable and slidably connected to the turntable via a linear guide rail, allowing it to move along the turntable's axis. The jaws of the hydraulic floating chuck have anti-slip textured surfaces to increase friction between the jaws and rotating parts, preventing slippage. Figure 7 As shown.

[0050] ③ Hydraulic cylinder assembly: includes a turntable hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder connecting seat. The turntable hydraulic cylinder is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder connecting seat is fixed to the fixed turntable by bolts. The cylinder barrel of the turntable hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder connecting seat. The output end is connected to the hydraulic floating chuck, driving the hydraulic floating chuck to move radially along the rotating part, realizing the internal expansion and self-centering clamping of the rotating part.

[0051] The working principle of the radial clamping mechanism is as follows: After the rotating part is placed on the automated fixture, the CNC integrated system controls the rotary table cylinder to start, the piston rod extends, and pushes the hydraulic floating chuck towards the rotating part. Two sets of jaws in the hydraulic floating chuck contact the inner hole of the rotating part. When one set of jaws encounters resistance from the inner hole and stops moving, the other set of jaws continues to move under the drive of the cylinder until it also contacts the inner hole of the rotating part and generates resistance. At this point, the two sets of jaws are evenly stressed, tightening the inner hole of the part and achieving precise self-centering. Simultaneously, depending on the type and specifications of the rotating part, a rotary pneumatic chuck or a hydraulic floating chuck is selected for auxiliary clamping: for short shaft parts, the rotary pneumatic chuck is vented, the jaws retract, and auxiliary clamping is performed from the outer circle of the rotating part; for disc-shaped or thick short shaft parts, the hydraulic floating chuck is vented, the jaws retract, and auxiliary clamping is performed from the outer circle or end face of the rotating part, further improving the stability of the rotating part clamping.

[0052] In addition, the radial clamping mechanism also has a centrifugal force compensation function. By setting a weight block on the hydraulic floating chuck, when the fixed turntable rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force generated by the weight block cancels out the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the jaws, ensuring that the clamping force of the jaws on the parts is stable, avoiding the decrease in clamping force due to centrifugal force, and ensuring the stability of the rotating parts during high-speed machining.

[0053] (4) Flexible support mechanism is used to support and fix rotating parts to prevent deformation of rotating parts due to the transmission of gravity or clamping force during clamping and processing. It is especially suitable for the processing of shaft-type rotating parts.

[0054] The flexible support mechanism mainly includes a support block, an elastic element, and a support servo cylinder. One end of the support block provides flexible support to the bottom of the rotating part, and the other end is connected to the output end of the support servo cylinder through the elastic element. The support servo cylinder is used to drive the elastic element and the support block to move towards the rotating part. Figure 8 As shown.

[0055] The support block is made of polyoxymethylene, which has good wear resistance and toughness. The surface of the support block that contacts the rotating part has an arc-shaped groove, the radius of which matches the outer radius of the rotating part, ensuring a tight fit between the support block and the outer circle of the rotating part and improving support stability. The elastic element is a cylindrical helical spring, with one end fixed to the base and the other end connected to the support block. It can automatically adjust the position of the support block according to the diameter and shape of the rotating part, achieving flexible support and avoiding deformation of the rotating part caused by rigid support.

[0056] (5) The force and position monitoring and adjustment system is used to monitor the clamping force of the radial clamping mechanism, the clamping torque of the axial clamping mechanism, and the supporting force and displacement of the flexible support mechanism in real time. By flexibly controlling the radial and axial clamping mechanisms, the clamping force is flexibly adjusted according to the material, wall thickness and other parameters of the part, to prevent the rotating body from deforming due to excessive clamping force or loosening due to insufficient clamping force, and to ensure the safety and stability of the processing. By flexibly controlling the flexible support mechanism, combined with the user-selected "deformation control" or "flexible support" working modes, the system impedance parameters are dynamically adjusted to achieve rigid anti-deformation support or adaptive flexible compensation support for the part, effectively avoiding deformation of the part caused by uneven clamping force, gravity or processing vibration.

[0057] The clamping force monitoring and adjustment system interacts with the CNC integrated system, adopting a four-layer architecture of "sensor detection - PLC processing - actuator adjustment - human-machine interaction display". Each layer is connected through standardized interfaces to achieve real-time monitoring and precise control of the clamping force. The specific architecture is as follows: ① Detection layer: Composed of force sensors, torque sensors, support force sensors, displacement sensors, and signal conditioning modules, responsible for collecting clamping force and torque data. Force sensor: A miniature pressure sensor is used, mounted on the clamping surface of the hydraulic floating chuck and fixed to the floating chuck body via a threaded connection. The sensor should be able to detect the radial clamping force of the hydraulic floating chuck on the rotating part in real time, and should have a built-in temperature compensation function to eliminate the influence of changes in the machining environment temperature on the measurement results.

[0058] Torque sensor: A static torque sensor is used, mounted on the output shaft of the precision module servo drive assembly that drives the rotating turntable to move axially, and transmits torque via a key connection. The torque sensor should be able to detect the resistance torque generated by the precision module of the axial clamping mechanism due to axial clamping, indirectly reflecting the clamping stability of the rotating parts.

[0059] Support force sensor: A miniature pressure sensor is used, which is fixed between the support block of the flexible support mechanism and the output shaft of the support servo cylinder through a threaded connection. It can collect the support force signal applied by the support block to the bottom of the rotating part in real time.

[0060] Displacement sensors: Installed in parallel on the side of the support block, they are used to detect the real-time displacement of the support block, reflect the expansion and contraction state of the support block, and comprehensively capture dynamic change data during the support process.

[0061] Signal conditioning module: Employs a multi-channel signal conditioner, connected to the force and torque sensors via shielded cables. The signal conditioning module amplifies the weak analog signals output from the force and torque sensors to standard signals, while simultaneously filtering them to eliminate electromagnetic interference and ensure accurate data acquisition.

[0062] ② Control Layer: Implemented in the PLC of the CNC integrated system, responsible for data processing and control command output, including the following functional modules: i. Analog signal sampling module: The PLC receives the radial clamping force and torque signals output by the signal conditioning module through the analog input module, and converts the torque signals into analog signals to feed back to the precision module and the support servo cylinder drive unit.

[0063] ii. Force control module: In addition to directly controlling the rotary pneumatic chuck, the PLC has a preset force control PID algorithm. First, it compares the actual values ​​of the collected radial clamping force and torque with the target values ​​set by the user. Then, it adjusts the cylinder pressure parameters and the precision module drive current in real time based on the error, so as to achieve the effect of the clamping force being close to the preset target value when it is stable.

[0064] iii. Analog Output Module: The PLC sends signals to the hydraulic control unit, precision module and support servo electric cylinder drive unit through the analog output module to perform negative feedback adjustment of the cylinder pressure and precision module torque until the radial clamping force and torque are stable within ±1% of the target value.

[0065] iv. Clamping Force Monitoring Module: Used to achieve flexible control of the radial and axial clamping mechanisms. For radial clamping force and torque signals, the PLC sets threshold ranges. When any signal exceeds the threshold, it is determined that the part is loose or the clamping is abnormal. A stop signal is immediately output to the machining center and the corresponding fixture actuators (including precision modules, rotary pneumatic chucks, hydraulic floating chucks, cylinder assemblies, and support servo cylinders). Simultaneously, alarm signals for loosening and overload are triggered to ensure the safety of rotating parts clamping and the safety of equipment operation.

[0066] v. Mode Selection and Impedance Adjustment Module: Used to achieve multi-mode control of the flexible support mechanism. Users can select either "Deformation Control" or "Flexible Support" operating modes via the interactive system. Different modes correspond to preset system impedance reference parameters. After receiving sampling data from the support force sensor and displacement sensor, the mode selection and impedance adjustment module dynamically calculates the target impedance value based on the current operating mode using an impedance adjustment algorithm. In "Deformation Control" mode, it outputs high impedance parameters to enhance support rigidity and suppress component deformation; in "Flexible Support" mode, it outputs low impedance parameters to improve the support's adaptive capability and compensate for minor component deformation.

[0067] ③ Execution layer: Composed of pneumatic auxiliary components, hydraulic control unit, precision module, and supporting servo electric cylinder drive unit, responsible for executing the PLC's adjustment commands. i. Pneumatic auxiliary components: For rotary pneumatic chucks, a pneumatic pressure regulating valve is configured to receive digital signals from the PLC, adjust the pneumatic pressure, and assist in clamping rotating parts. When the clamping force reaches the set value, the PLC controls the pneumatic valve to maintain stable pressure.

[0068] ii. Hydraulic Control Unit: Employs a high-pressure hydraulic pump station connected to the turntable cylinders. The hydraulic control unit receives analog signals from the PLC and adjusts the cylinder pressure via a proportional relief valve, thereby changing the clamping force of the floating hydraulic chuck. Simultaneously, the hydraulic control unit incorporates a pressure sensor for secondary feedback of the cylinder pressure, ensuring adjustment accuracy.

[0069] iii. Precision Module and Support Servo Cylinder Drive Unit: Utilizing a high-precision servo drive module, it forms a rigid connection with the precision module linear motor and the support servo cylinder, adapting to the precise drive requirements of high-precision transmission scenarios. In terms of position control, the precision module and support servo cylinder drive unit receive differential signals from the PLC, analyze position commands through a built-in high-speed motion controller, and drive the linear motor to perform displacement actions in real time. Simultaneously, the precision module and support servo cylinder drive unit integrate a laser interferometric displacement sensor, which can dynamically acquire the actual position of the precision module and support servo cylinder, and feed back the position deviation signal to the motion controller. The motion controller uses a PID closed-loop adjustment algorithm to correct motor operating parameters in real time, eliminating position errors caused by mechanical transmission backlash and load fluctuations, ensuring that the position control accuracy meets preset requirements throughout the entire stroke.

[0070] ④ Interaction Layer: Composed of a touchscreen and an alarm module, enabling human-computer interaction and anomaly alerts. The touchscreen displays the actual clamping force, actual torque, target value, and adjustment status in real time. The interface uses a combination of bar charts and numbers to intuitively show the trend of parameter changes.

[0071] Operators can set the target clamping force for different rotating parts via the touch screen. The set target values ​​are automatically stored in the PLC memory, and multiple sets of parameters can be saved and recalled.

[0072] The alarm module includes an audible and visual alarm and a touch screen pop-up alarm: when the clamping force deviation exceeds ±5%, the torque exceeds the threshold, or the sensor malfunctions, the alarm is activated, the touch screen displays specific fault information, and prompts troubleshooting steps.

[0073] During actual operation, when the radial clamping mechanism clamps the part, the force sensor detects the clamping force in real time and transmits the data to the CNC integrated system. The CNC integrated system compares the detected data with the clamping force parameters set on the touchscreen. If the detected clamping force is less than the set value, the CNC integrated system controls the hydraulic cylinder assembly to increase the hydraulic pressure and increase the clamping force; if the detected clamping force is greater than the set value, the CNC integrated system controls the hydraulic cylinder assembly to decrease the hydraulic pressure and decrease the clamping force until the clamping force reaches the set range. Simultaneously, the torque sensor detects changes in the rotary table's torque in real time. When the rotating part becomes loose during machining, the torque will suddenly decrease. Upon receiving the abnormal signal from the torque sensor, the CNC integrated system will immediately control the machining center to stop working and issue an alarm message via the touchscreen to prevent accidents.

[0074] An example illustrates the closed-loop adjustment process of a CNC integrated system based on detection data and set target values: Data comparison step: The PLC calculates the difference between the actual clamping force value collected and the target value set on the touch screen to obtain the deviation value; at the same time, it determines whether the actual torque value is within the threshold range. If the clamping force deviation exceeds ±1% or the torque is abnormal, the PLC starts the adjustment program; if the parameters are normal, the current clamping state is maintained.

[0075] Clamping force adjustment: To address clamping force deviation, the PLC sends an adjustment signal to the hydraulic control unit via its analog output module. Based on the current cylinder pressure and the pressure-clamping force correlation, the PLC outputs a corresponding signal to instruct the hydraulic control unit to increase the pressure. The hydraulic control unit then adjusts the pressure via a proportional relief valve, increasing the cylinder thrust and causing the floating hydraulic chuck to further clamp the rotating part, thus raising the clamping force. If the clamping force is too high, the system reverses course, reducing the cylinder pressure to bring the clamping force back to the target value.

[0076] Real-time feedback mechanism: During adjustment, the force sensor continuously collects clamping force data and transmits it to the PLC, forming a closed-loop feedback. The PLC compares the actual value after adjustment with the target value. If the deviation still exceeds ±1%, the cylinder pressure is further fine-tuned until the deviation is less than ±1%. Simultaneously, the torque sensor monitors the resistance torque in real time. If the torque recovers to the threshold range after adjustment, it indicates that the rotating part is clamped stably; if the torque is still abnormal, the PLC determines that the rotating part is improperly clamped, immediately stops the machine, and issues an alarm to avoid machining errors.

[0077] Precise force control function: Through closed-loop adjustment, the clamping force control accuracy can reach ±1%, which is far higher than the ±5% error of traditional fixtures. This function can flexibly adjust the clamping force according to the material and wall thickness of the part: for example, a smaller clamping force can be set for thin-walled aluminum alloy parts to avoid deformation of the parts; a larger clamping force can be set for thick-walled 45# steel parts to ensure stable processing and solve the problem of "one-size-fits-all" clamping force control of traditional fixtures.

[0078] Anomaly warning function: The CNC integrated system can identify and warn of various abnormal working conditions in real time. Abnormal clamping force: When the clamping force is continuously lower than 10% of the target value, it is judged that the oil cylinder is leaking or the air pressure is insufficient. An alarm will be triggered and a prompt to check the hydraulic system or pneumatic pipeline. Abnormal torque: When the torque suddenly drops beyond a certain threshold, it is determined that the part is loose. The machine should be stopped immediately to prevent the part from flying out during processing and to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel. Sensor failure: When the sensor has no signal output or the signal exceeds the range, it is determined that the sensor is damaged, an alarm is triggered, and the system switches to the backup control mode to ensure that the processing is not interrupted.

[0079] Data traceability function: The CNC integrated system automatically records the clamping force and torque data for each machining operation, including machining time, part model, set value, actual value, deviation value, and other information, and performs data backup and archiving. Historical data can be queried via the touch screen, and daily and weekly reports can be generated to facilitate analysis of the machining quality of rotating parts and the operating status of fixtures, such as statistically analyzing the clamping force deviation distribution of a certain rotating part and optimizing the clamping force setting parameters.

[0080] Adaptive adjustment function: For rotating parts of the same model but with slight differences in size, the CNC integrated system can automatically compensate through force sensor feedback: When the inner hole of the rotating part is too large, the floating hydraulic chuck needs to move a longer distance to achieve the target clamping force. The PLC adjusts the cylinder stroke to ensure that even if the size of the rotating part is deviated, the clamping force can still be kept stable at the target value, without the need for manual adjustment of the fixture, thus improving the efficiency of batch processing.

[0081] Linkage control function: Deep linkage between the machining center and the CNC integrated system: When the clamping force reaches the set value and there are no abnormalities, the PLC sends a "clamping complete" signal to the machining center, and the machining center can then start the spindle; if an abnormal clamping force occurs during machining, the PLC immediately sends a "stop" signal to the machining center, and the machining center stops cutting to avoid scrapping parts. This function realizes coordinated control of "clamping-machining" and reduces the defective product rate.

[0082] (6) The air detection status monitoring system is used to monitor the pressure status of the fixture pneumatic system in real time to ensure that the pneumatic components (such as rotary pneumatic chucks and pneumatic jaws) can work normally and avoid insecure clamping due to insufficient air pressure, which would affect the processing quality and safety. The air detection status monitoring system in this embodiment includes a pressure sensor, an air distribution block, and an air detection indicator light.

[0083] ① Pressure Sensor: A cylinder-type product component employing a displacement sensor, using dry compressed air as the fluid. The pressure sensor is mounted on the air distribution block and fixed by a threaded connection. It can detect pressure changes in the air circuit in real time and convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal for output to the CNC integrated system.

[0084] ② Air distribution block: Made of aluminum alloy, it has multiple inlet and outlet air ports. The inlet ports are connected to the air compressor via air pipes, and the outlet ports are connected to the air ports of the rotary pneumatic chuck, pneumatic jaws, and pneumatic auxiliary components via air pipes. The air distribution block is equipped with a pressure regulating valve and a pressure gauge. The pressure regulating valve is used to adjust the air pressure to meet the working requirements of the pneumatic components, and the pressure gauge is used to visually display the air pressure value, facilitating manual inspection and adjustment by the operator.

[0085] ③ Gas Detection Indicator Light: An LED indicator light is used, with green, yellow, and red luminous colors corresponding to normal, warning, and abnormal gas detection states, respectively. The indicator light is mounted on the operation panel of the fixture's main frame and is electrically connected to the pressure sensor. Its illumination color is controlled by the CNC integrated system. When the pressure sensor detects that the gas pressure is within the normal range, the indicator light displays green; when the pressure sensor detects that the gas pressure is within the warning range, the indicator light displays yellow; when the pressure sensor detects that the gas pressure is too low or too high, the indicator light displays red and, in conjunction with the touchscreen's fault alarm function, issues an alarm.

[0086] During the operation of the air circuit system, the dry compressed air generated by the air compressor enters the air circuit distribution block through the air pipe. After the pressure is regulated by the pressure regulating valve, it is distributed to various pneumatic components. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure in the air circuit distribution block in real time. When the pressure reaches the normal range, the air detection indicator light shows green, indicating that the air circuit is in normal condition and the pneumatic components can work normally. When a slight leak occurs in the air circuit, causing the pressure to drop to the warning range, the air detection indicator light shows yellow, reminding the operator to check for leaks in the air circuit. When a serious leak occurs in the air circuit or the air compressor malfunctions, causing the pressure to drop to an abnormal range or become too high, the air detection indicator light shows red, and the touch screen issues an alarm message. The CNC integrated system controls the fixture to stop working to prevent clamping failure due to abnormal air circuit pressure.

[0087] (7) The CNC integrated system is the control core of the entire automated fixture, used to coordinate and control the work of various functional mechanisms and systems, realize the linkage between the fixture and the machining center, and improve the automation level and accuracy of the machining process. The CNC integrated system in this embodiment includes a PLC and an interface cabinet.

[0088] ① PLC: It has multiple digital and analog input and output interfaces, supports PROFINET and MPI communication protocols, has fast processing speed and large storage capacity, and can meet complex control requirements. The PLC is electrically connected to the linear motor of the axial clamping mechanism, the hydraulic cylinder assembly and pneumatic assembly of the radial clamping mechanism, the support servo electric cylinder of the flexible support mechanism, the force sensor, torque sensor, support force sensor and displacement sensor of the force and position monitoring and adjustment system, the pressure sensor and air detection indicator light of the air detection status monitoring system, and the displacement sensor. It receives the detection signals from each sensor and outputs control signals to drive the operation of each actuator.

[0089] ② Interface cabinet: A control cabinet made of stainless steel, with electrical components such as power modules, relays, contactors, frequency converters, and terminal blocks installed inside. It is used to achieve the electrical connection and signal conversion between the numerical control integration system and the numerical control system of the machining center. The interface cabinet is connected to the numerical control system of the machining center through cables to achieve the linkage control of the fixture and the machining center. When the machining center needs to process a rotary part, the numerical control system of the machining center sends a signal to the interface cabinet, and the interface cabinet converts the signal and transmits it to the PLC. The PLC controls the fixture to complete the clamping and positioning of the rotary part. When the part processing is completed, the PLC controls the fixture to release the rotary part and simultaneously sends a signal to the machining center to notify the machining center to process the next rotary part, realizing the automation of the processing process.

[0090] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0091] The content not detailedly described in the specification of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry, characterized in that, It includes the main frame of the fixture, the axial clamping mechanism, the radial clamping mechanism, the flexible support mechanism, the force and position monitoring and adjustment system, the air detection status monitoring system, and the CNC integrated system; The main frame of the fixture includes a base, a movable turntable mounting base, a fixed turntable mounting base, and a support bracket for the servo electric cylinder. The movable turntable mounting base and the fixed turntable mounting base are fixed at both ends of the base. The movable turntable mounting base is used to install the movable turntable and the precision module, and the fixed turntable mounting base is used to install the fixed turntable. The servo cylinder mounting bracket is fixed in the middle of the base and is used to fix and connect the servo cylinder. The axial clamping mechanism includes a precision module, a movable turntable, a fixed turntable, and a hydraulic locking device; The output end of the precision module is fixed to the movable turntable, driving the movable turntable to move along the linear track to the designated position; Both the movable and fixed turntables have built-in servo drive components that drive the two turntables to rotate synchronously around their own axes. The hydraulic locking device is installed on the precision module. It uses hydraulic pressure to drive the locking block to fit against the linear guide of the precision module to generate a preload. After the moving turntable reaches the target position, the locking is triggered. The radial clamping mechanism includes a rotary pneumatic chuck, a hydraulic floating chuck, and a cylinder assembly; The rotary pneumatic chuck and the hydraulic floating chuck are respectively mounted on the movable turntable and the fixed turntable; The hydraulic cylinder assembly includes a turntable hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder connecting seat. The turntable hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the fixed turntable through the hydraulic cylinder connecting seat, and its output end is connected to the hydraulic floating chuck, driving the hydraulic floating chuck to move radially along the rotating part, thereby realizing the internal expansion and self-centering clamping of the rotating part. The flexible support mechanism includes a support block, an elastic element, and a support servo electric cylinder; One end of the support block provides flexible support to the bottom of the rotating part, and the other end is connected to the output end of the support servo electric cylinder through an elastic element; the support servo electric cylinder is used to drive the elastic element and the support block to move toward the rotating part. The force and position monitoring and adjustment system includes a force sensor, a torque sensor, a support force sensor, a displacement sensor, a signal conditioning module, and a touch screen; A force sensor is installed on the clamping surface of the hydraulic floating chuck to detect the radial clamping force of the hydraulic floating chuck of the radial clamping mechanism on the rotating part in real time. A torque sensor is installed on the output shaft of the precision module to detect the resistance torque generated by the axial clamping of the precision module in real time. A support force sensor is installed between the support block and the output shaft of the support servo cylinder to detect in real time the support force applied by the support block of the flexible support mechanism to the bottom of the rotating part; Displacement sensors are installed in parallel on the side of the support block to detect the real-time displacement of the support block, reflect the expansion and contraction state of the support block, and capture dynamic change data during the support process. The signal conditioning module is connected to the force sensor, torque sensor, support force sensor, and displacement sensor to amplify and filter the signals collected by the sensors. The touch screen is installed on the outside of the main frame of the fixture and is electrically connected to the force sensor and torque sensor. It displays the clamping force and torque data in real time and allows the clamping force parameters to be set via the touch screen. The gas detection status monitoring system includes a pressure sensor, a gas distribution block, and a gas detection indicator light. The pressure sensor is installed on the gas distribution block to detect pressure changes in the gas path in real time. The air distribution block is connected to the air passages of the rotary pneumatic chuck and the pneumatic jaws, respectively; The gas detection indicator light is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and displays the gas detection status based on the pressure sensor's detection results. The CNC integrated system includes a PLC and an interface cabinet; The interface cabinet is used for the electrical connection and signal conversion between the automated fixture and the machining center; The PLC is connected to the axial clamping mechanism, radial clamping mechanism, flexible support mechanism, force and position monitoring and adjustment system, and air detection status monitoring system, respectively. It receives detection signals from each sensor and outputs control signals to drive the actions of each actuator, thereby realizing the linkage control between the automated fixture and the machining center.

2. An automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame of the fixture also includes a sheet metal protective cover, which is placed on the outside of the precision module to protect the internal structure of the precision module.

3. An automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the base is equipped with leveling bolts and shock-absorbing pads. The leveling bolts are used to adjust the levelness of the base.

4. An automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precision module adopts a ball screw linear module, which is fixed on the mobile turntable mounting base.

5. An automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The servo drive assembly includes a servo motor and a gearbox. The encoder is an absolute encoder, and the gearbox is a planetary gearbox. The servo motor is connected to the input shaft of the gearbox via a coupling, and the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the corresponding turntable via a key, driving the turntable to rotate around its own axis.

6. An automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic floating chuck adopts a self-centering structure, including four jaws, divided into two groups of two jaws each, and has a linkage function; The floating chuck is installed at one end of the fixed turntable and is slidably connected to the fixed turntable via a linear guide rail. It can move along the axis of the fixed turntable. The clamping surface of the hydraulic floating chuck's jaws is provided with anti-slip texture to prevent the rotating parts from sliding.

7. An automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes pneumatic auxiliary components, hydraulic control units, precision modules, and support servo electric cylinder drive units; Pneumatic auxiliary components: For rotary pneumatic chucks, a pneumatic pressure regulating valve is configured to receive digital signals from the PLC, adjust the pneumatic pressure, and assist in clamping rotating parts. When the clamping force reaches the set value, the PLC controls the pneumatic valve to maintain stable pressure. Hydraulic control unit: It adopts a high-pressure hydraulic pump station and is connected to the turntable cylinder; the hydraulic control unit receives analog signals from the PLC and adjusts the cylinder pressure through the proportional relief valve, thereby changing the clamping force of the floating hydraulic chuck; at the same time, the hydraulic control unit has its own pressure sensor to provide secondary feedback on the cylinder pressure to ensure adjustment accuracy. Precision module and support servo cylinder drive unit: A high-precision servo drive module is used, which forms a rigid connection with the precision module linear motor and the support servo cylinder. In terms of position control, the precision module and support servo cylinder drive unit receives differential signals from the PLC, analyzes position commands through the built-in motion controller, and drives the linear motor to perform displacement actions in real time. At the same time, the precision module and support servo cylinder drive unit integrates a laser interferometric displacement sensor to dynamically acquire the actual position of the precision module and support servo cylinder, and feeds back the position deviation signal to the motion controller. The motion controller uses a PID closed-loop control algorithm to correct motor operating parameters in real time, eliminating position errors caused by mechanical transmission backlash and load fluctuations, and ensuring that the position control accuracy of the precision module and supporting servo cylinder meets the preset requirements throughout the entire stroke.

8. An automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry according to claim 7, characterized in that, The PLC includes the following functional modules: Analog signal sampling module: The PLC receives the radial clamping force, torque signal, support force signal and displacement signal output by the signal conditioning module through the analog input module, and converts the torque signal into an analog quantity to feed back to the precision module and the support servo electric cylinder drive unit; Force control module: The PLC has a preset force control PID algorithm that compares the actual values ​​of the collected radial clamping force and torque with the target values ​​set by the user. The cylinder pressure parameters and the precision module drive current are adjusted in real time based on the error to achieve the effect of the clamping force being close to the preset target value when stable. Analog output module: The PLC sends signals to the hydraulic control unit, precision module and support servo electric cylinder drive unit through the analog output module to perform negative feedback adjustment of the cylinder pressure and precision module torque until the radial clamping force and torque are stable within ±1% of the target value. Clamping force monitoring module: For radial clamping force and torque signals, the PLC sets a threshold range. When any signal exceeds the threshold, it is judged that the part is loose or the clamping is abnormal. The PLC immediately outputs a stop signal to the machining center and the corresponding fixture actuator, including the precision module, rotary pneumatic chuck, hydraulic floating chuck and cylinder assembly. At the same time, it triggers loosening and overload alarm signals to ensure the clamping safety of rotating parts and the safety of equipment drive.

9. An automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry according to claim 7, characterized in that, The PLC also includes a mode selection and impedance adjustment module: used to realize multi-working mode control of the flexible support mechanism. The user selects the "deformation control" or "flexible support" working mode through the interactive system. After receiving the sampling data from the support force sensor and displacement sensor, the mode selection and impedance adjustment module dynamically calculates the target impedance value through the impedance adjustment algorithm in combination with the current working mode to realize the deformation control and flexible support functions.

10. An automated fixture for fixing rotating products in the machining industry according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air distribution block is provided with multiple air interfaces, wherein the air inlet is connected to the air compressor through an air pipe, and the air outlet is connected to the air interfaces of the rotary pneumatic chuck, pneumatic jaws and pneumatic auxiliary components through air pipes respectively; the air distribution block is provided with a pressure regulating valve and a pressure gauge, the pressure regulating valve is used to adjust the pressure of the air path, and the pressure gauge is used to display the pressure value of the air path.

Images