Numerical control boring device for metal products

Abstract

The invention provides a numerical control boring device for metal products, which belongs to the technical field of boring of metal products and comprises a machine base, a loading plate, a boring bar tool bit and a spatial displacement driving assembly. The loading plate is fixed to the base, the multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit is arranged on the loading plate, the inner cylinder is fixed to the loading plate, the outer cylinder is arranged on the inner cylinder in a sleeved mode and connected with the gear set, and angle adjustment is achieved through driving of the first motor and the second motor. The U-shaped frame is linked through a bevel gear, and the boring rod tool bit is driven by a third motor. The variable-diameter clamping unit is installed on the space displacement driving assembly and can move in a three-dimensional mode so as to clamp a workpiece. The liquid supply unit comprises a liquid storage tank, a suction pipe, a pump shell and an impeller and is driven by the other output end of the third motor, and cooling liquid is sprayed out through a directional nozzle to achieve cooling and lubrication. Through the collaborative design of three-dimensional positioning and clamping, multi-degree-of-freedom boring head angle regulation and control and integrated cutting fluid synchronous supply, high-precision, high-adaptability and high-efficiency numerical control boring machining of metal products is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of boring technology for metal products, and more specifically, to a CNC boring device for metal products. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal product processing, boring, as a key internal hole forming process, places high demands on machining accuracy, surface quality, and equipment adaptability. Traditional CNC boring machines mostly adopt a fixed boring head structure, which has limited angle adjustment capabilities and cannot meet the high-efficiency machining needs of non-orthogonal holes, oblique holes, or multi-angle hole systems under complex working conditions. At the same time, existing clamping devices are usually only suitable for workpieces of specific sizes or regular shapes, lacking the ability to adaptively clamp irregularly shaped or variable-diameter metal products, resulting in low clamping efficiency and large positioning errors. In addition, the coolant supply system is mostly an independent external structure with complex piping layout, making it difficult to dynamically adjust the spray position according to the boring head posture, affecting the cooling and lubrication effect, and thus restricting machining quality and tool life.

[0003] While some existing technologies attempt to introduce multi-axis linkage or compound motion mechanisms to improve the flexibility of the boring head, their transmission structure is complex and the control logic coupling is high, which can easily lead to motion interference or response lag. The design of integrating the cutting fluid pumping function into the boring head drive unit is even rarer, and often requires additional hydraulic or electric pump sources, which not only increases the system size and energy consumption, but also reduces the overall reliability.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a CNC boring device that integrates high-degree-of-freedom boring head control, three-dimensional adaptive workpiece positioning, and intelligent synchronous fluid supply, in order to break through the bottlenecks of existing technologies in terms of flexibility, integration, and processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a CNC boring device for metal products, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] This invention is implemented as follows: a CNC boring device for metal products includes a machine base, a load plate, a boring bar, and a spatial displacement drive assembly, wherein the load plate is fixed on the machine base; and further includes: A variable diameter clamping unit is mounted on a spatial displacement drive assembly, which is mounted on a machine base. The spatial displacement drive assembly is used to drive the variable diameter clamping unit to move in three-dimensional space. The variable diameter clamping unit is used to clamp and fix metal products. A multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit, mounted on a load plate, includes an inner cylinder fixed to the load plate, a first motor, and a second motor. An outer cylinder is rotatably sleeved on the inner cylinder. A second gear is fixed on the outer cylinder, and a third gear and a first bevel gear are rotatably mounted thereon, with the third gear fixedly connected to the first bevel gear. A fourth gear and a first gear, respectively, meshing with the second and third gears, are fixed to the output ends of the first and second motors, respectively. A U-shaped frame is rotatably supported by a side support shaft, and a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is fixed on the side support shaft. A third motor is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped frame, and the boring bar head is detachably mounted on one output end of the third motor. The liquid supply unit includes a liquid storage tank fixed to a load plate. The liquid storage tank is connected to a suction pipe. The suction pipe passes through an inner cylinder and its end is connected to a connecting hose. The other end of the connecting hose is connected to a pump housing. The pump housing is fixed to a U-shaped frame by a fixing bracket. The other output end of a third motor extends into the pump housing and is connected to an impeller. An output pipe is installed on the side of the pump housing away from the connecting hose. The output pipe is connected to a directional nozzle through a flexible tube.

[0007] Optionally, a side support shaft is rotatably mounted on each side of the outer cylinder, the two side support shafts are coaxial and perpendicular to the surface of the outer cylinder, and their opposite ends are fixedly connected to two branches of the U-shaped frame; the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame.

[0008] Optionally, the third motor is a dual-shaft extension motor, one of which is fixed with a boring head interface seat, the boring bar cutter head is inserted into the boring head interface seat, and the boring head interface seat is equipped with fastening bolts for locking the boring bar cutter head.

[0009] Optionally, the suction tube has an L-shaped structure, with its horizontal part fixedly connected to the load plate and fixed to the inner wall of the inner cylinder by a support ring; the vertical end of the suction tube extends into the lower part of the inner side of the liquid storage tank.

[0010] Optionally, the impeller is connected to the output end of the third motor by a damped rotational connection; at least one output pipe is provided, and a flow regulating valve is installed on it.

[0011] Optionally, the damping rotational connection between the impeller and the output end of the third motor adopts a double-layer rubber vibration reduction structure, with the inner layer being nitrile rubber and the outer layer being silicone rubber. The two rubber layers are bonded together with epoxy resin to form a damping layer.

[0012] Optionally, the spatial displacement drive assembly includes a second guide rail fixed to the machine base, a second sliding plate slidably mounted on the second guide rail, a second bottom support plate fixed on the second sliding plate, and a second translational telescopic cylinder mounted on the machine base to drive the second sliding plate to move along the second guide rail; a first guide rail perpendicular to the second guide rail is fixed on the second bottom support plate, a first sliding plate slidably mounted on the first guide rail, a first bottom support plate fixed on the first sliding plate, and a first translational telescopic cylinder mounted on the second bottom support plate to drive the first sliding plate to move along the first guide rail; a vertical guide post is fixed on the first bottom support plate, a lifting sleeve housing slidably mounted on the vertical guide post, a variable diameter clamping unit is fixed on the lifting sleeve housing, and a lifting telescopic cylinder mounted on the first bottom support plate to drive the lifting sleeve housing to move up and down along the vertical guide post.

[0013] Optionally, the variable diameter clamping unit includes a fixed plate with multiple slots circumferentially opened on the fixed plate and fixed to the lifting slide sleeve housing by multiple connecting columns; an L-shaped plate is provided on the side of the fixed plate away from the connecting columns corresponding to the slots, and sliding guide rails are fixed on both sides of the radial branches of the L-shaped plate; a side guide frame is fixed on the fixed plate and slidably connected to the sliding guide rails; a second transmission rod is fixed on the side of the L-shaped plate near the connecting columns, the second transmission rod is hinged to a first transmission rod, the first transmission rod is hinged to a movable plate, the movable plate is fixed to the end of the telescopic mandrel of the clamping telescopic cylinder, and the clamping telescopic cylinder is fixed at the center position of the fixed plate.

[0014] Optionally, a buffer vibration damping pad is installed on the inner side of the branch parallel to the axis of the clamping telescopic cylinder of the L-shaped plate; a rigid balance connecting rod is fixed in the slot, and the rigid balance connecting rod is slidably connected to the second transmission rod.

[0015] Optionally, the corresponding branch of the L-shaped plate is a detachable structure, and / or the first transmission rod adopts an elastic damping telescopic structure.

[0016] The present invention provides a CNC boring device for metal products, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention achieves reliable clamping and precise three-dimensional positioning of metal products through the coordinated operation of a variable-diameter clamping unit and a spatial displacement drive assembly, and is highly compatible with a multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit. The multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit, based on the independent or combined control of the second and third gears by the first and second motors, can realize three motion modes: pure rotation, pure oscillation, or synchronous rotation and oscillation of the U-shaped frame, thereby flexibly and precisely controlling the spatial angle of the boring bar head. Simultaneously, a fluid supply unit is integrated into the multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit. Driven by a third motor, the impeller synchronously delivers the cutting fluid from the reservoir to the machining area via a suction pipe, pump casing, and directional nozzle, achieving integrated intelligent supply of cooling, lubrication, and chip removal, significantly improving boring accuracy, surface quality, and machining stability.

[0017] In summary, this invention achieves high-precision, highly adaptable, and highly efficient CNC boring of metal products through a collaborative design that integrates three-dimensional positioning and clamping, multi-degree-of-freedom boring head angle control, and integrated synchronous cutting fluid supply.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the CNC boring device for metal products provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit and the liquid supply unit in the CNC boring device for metal products provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Front view sectional structural diagram; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the variable diameter clamping unit in the CNC boring device for metal products provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of part B.

[0021] In the diagram: 1-Machine base, 2-Load plate, 3-Multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit, 4-Liquid supply unit, 5-Bore boring bar head, 6-Variable diameter clamping unit, 7-Spatial displacement drive assembly, 31-First motor, 32-Second motor, 33-First gear, 34-Second gear, 35-Third gear, 36-First bevel gear, 37-Fourth gear, 38-Second bevel gear, 39-U-shaped frame, 310-Outer cylinder, 311-Inner cylinder, 312-Side support shaft, 313-Third motor, 314-Fasting bolt, 315-Bore head interface seat, 41-Liquid storage tank, 42-Suction pipe, 43-Connecting hose, 44-Fixed frame, 45-Pump casing, 46-Flexible tube, 47- 48-Directional nozzle, 49-Flow regulating valve, 410-Impeller, 411-Support ring, 61-Fixed disc, 62-Slot, 63-Side guide frame, 64-Clamping telescopic cylinder, 65-Modible disc, 66-Connecting column, 67-First transmission rod, 68-Second transmission rod, 69-Rigid balance connecting rod, 610-Sliding guide rail, 611-L-shaped plate, 612-Buffer vibration isolation pad, 71-Lifting sliding sleeve housing, 72-Vertical guide column, 73-Lifting telescopic cylinder, 74-First bottom support plate, 75-First sliding plate, 76-First guide rail, 77-Second bottom support plate, 78-First translation telescopic cylinder, 79-Second guide rail, 710-Second translation telescopic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0024] The following is a detailed description of a CNC boring device for metal products according to an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1-4As shown, a CNC boring device for metal products according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a machine base 1, a load plate 2, a boring bar head 5, and a spatial displacement drive assembly 7. The load plate 2 is fixed on the machine base 1, and the device further includes: The variable diameter clamping unit 6 is mounted on the spatial displacement drive assembly 7, which is mounted on the machine base 1. The spatial displacement drive assembly 7 is used to drive the variable diameter clamping unit 6 to move in three-dimensional space. The variable diameter clamping unit 6 is used to clamp and fix metal products. A multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit 3 is mounted on a load plate 2. The multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit 3 includes an inner cylinder 311 fixed on the load plate 2, a first motor 31, and a second motor 32. An outer cylinder 310 is rotatably sleeved on the inner cylinder 311. A second gear 34 is fixed on the outer cylinder 310, and a third gear 35 and a first bevel gear 36 are rotatably mounted thereon. The third gear 35 and the first bevel gear 36 are fixedly connected. A fourth gear 37 and a first gear 33, which mesh with the second gear 34 and the third gear 35, are respectively fixed to the output ends of the first motor 31 and the second motor 32. A U-shaped frame 39 is rotatably supported on the outer cylinder 310 through a side support shaft 312. A second bevel gear 38, which meshes with the first bevel gear 36, is also fixed on the side support shaft 312. A third motor 313 is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped frame 39, and the boring bar head 5 is detachably mounted on one output end of the third motor 313. Liquid supply unit 4 includes a liquid storage tank 41 fixed on a load plate 2. A suction pipe 42 is connected to the liquid storage tank 41. The suction pipe 42 passes through the inner cylinder 311 and its end is connected to a connecting hose 43. The other end of the connecting hose 43 is connected to a pump housing 45. The pump housing 45 is fixed to a U-shaped frame 39 via a fixing bracket 44. The other output end of a third motor 313 extends into the pump housing 45 and is connected to an impeller 49. An output pipe 410 is installed on the side of the pump housing 45 away from the connecting hose 43. The other end of the output pipe 410 is connected to a directional nozzle 47 via a flexible tube 46. When the third motor 313 is working, it drives the impeller 49 to rotate, sucking the liquid in the liquid storage tank 41 through the suction pipe 42 and controlling its delivery to the directional nozzle 47.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, the combination of the variable diameter clamping unit 6 and the spatial displacement drive assembly 7 can clamp and fix the metal product and move its position in three-dimensional space, and can be fully adapted to the multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit 3. Through the structural design of the multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit 3, when the first motor 31 and the second motor 32 drive the second gear 34 and the third gear 35 to rotate in the same direction and synchronously, the second bevel gear 38 and the first bevel gear 36 do not rotate relative to each other. At this time, the U-shaped frame 39 rotates as a whole with the outer cylinder 310. When the second gear 34 does not rotate and the third gear 35 rotates, the first bevel gear 36 drives the second bevel gear 38 to rotate, and the U-shaped frame 39 only swings around the axis of the side support shaft 312. When the second gear 34 rotates and the third gear 35 does not rotate, or when the second gear 34 and the third gear 35 rotate in opposite directions, the outer cylinder 310 drives the U-shaped frame 39 to rotate, and due to the meshing transmission of the second bevel gear 38 and the first bevel gear 36, the swinging and rotation of the U-shaped frame 39 are synchronized. Through the above three motion control modes, the requirement for flexible adjustment of the angle of the boring bar head 5 is met. With the integrated setup of the liquid supply unit 4 and the multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit 3, when the third motor 313 is working, the third motor 313 drives the impeller 49 to rotate, and draws the liquid in the liquid storage tank 41 through the suction pipe 42 and controls the delivery to the directional nozzle 47, so as to achieve the purpose of synchronously controlling the delivery of cooling / cutting fluid during boring, and the application effect is good.

[0027] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, a side support shaft 312 is rotatably mounted on each side of the outer cylinder 310. The two side support shafts 312 are coaxially arranged and perpendicular to the surface of the outer cylinder 310. The ends of the two side support shafts 312 that are far apart are fixedly connected to the two branches of the U-shaped frame 39. To improve the consistency of transmission, the second bevel gear 38 is also fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame 39.

[0028] The third motor 313 is a dual-shaft extension motor. A boring head interface seat 315 is installed and fixed on one output end of the third motor 313. The boring bar cutter head 5 is inserted into the boring head interface seat 315, and a fastening bolt 314 for locking and fixing the boring bar cutter head 5 is installed on the boring head interface seat 315, which facilitates the installation and disassembly of the boring bar cutter head 5.

[0029] The suction pipe 42 adopts an L-shaped structure. The horizontal part of the suction pipe 42 is fixedly connected to the load plate 2, and the end of the horizontal part of the suction pipe 42 is also fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 311 through a support ring 411, thereby improving the stability of the suction pipe 42. The vertical end of the suction pipe 42 extends into the lower inner side of the liquid storage tank 41. In addition, the liquid storage tank 41 can be filled with cutting fluid. Different types can be selected according to the processing materials, precision requirements, and process conditions. The core purpose is cooling, lubrication, cleaning, and rust prevention to ensure processing quality and efficiency.

[0030] A conventional structure can be used for the impeller 49. To prevent the pressure of the liquid conveyed by the impeller 49 from exceeding the limit, the impeller 49 and the output end of the third motor 313 are connected by a damped rotation. At least one output pipe 410 is provided, and a flow regulating valve 48 is also installed on the output pipe 410. The appropriate flow regulating valve 48 can be selected as needed to open and adjust the liquid delivery speed, thereby adapting to the damped rotation of the impeller 49 and the output end of the third motor 313, ensuring stability and reliability. Moreover, the flexible structure of the flexible tube 46 can adjust the directional nozzle 47 to a suitable position, improving its cooling, lubrication, and cleaning functions, thereby improving the quality of boring. The connecting hose 43 can accommodate the swing and small-range rotation of the U-shaped frame 39.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the damping rotational connection between the impeller 49 and the output end of the third motor 313 adopts a double-layer rubber vibration damping structure: the inner layer is nitrile rubber (hardness 70 Shore A, thickness 2mm), and the outer layer is silicone rubber (hardness 50 Shore A, thickness 3mm), which is bonded with epoxy resin to form a damping layer, so that the cutting fluid pressure fluctuation range is controlled within ±0.2MPa; the flow regulating valve 48 of the output pipe 410 integrates a pressure sensor and a PID controller, and its opening degree is dynamically adjusted by the CNC system according to real-time machining parameters (such as hole depth, material hardness, tool wear rate) (adjustment accuracy ±0.5%), and is linked in a closed loop with the speed of the third motor 313 to achieve adaptive matching of the cutting fluid flow rate.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the flexible tube 46 is a polyurethane flexible tube with an embedded stainless steel spiral mesh (pressure resistant 1.5MPa, bending radius ≥30mm). Its mesh structure maintains a deformation recovery rate of >95% when the U-shaped frame 39 swings (±30°) and rotates within a small range (±15°), ensuring that the directional nozzle 47 can accurately cover the boring area in any posture, improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency by more than 15%.

[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , 5As shown in Figure 6, the spatial displacement drive assembly 7 includes a second guide rail 79 fixed to the machine base 1, a second sliding plate (not shown) slidably mounted on the second guide rail 79, and a second bottom support plate 77 fixed on the second sliding plate. A second translational telescopic cylinder 710 for driving the entire assembly consisting of the second sliding plate and the bottom support plate 77 to move along the second guide rail 79 is installed and fixed on the machine base 1. A first guide rail 76 perpendicular to the second guide rail 79 is fixed on the second bottom support plate 77, and a first sliding plate 75 slidably mounted on the first guide rail 76. A first bottom support plate 74 is fixed on the first sliding plate 75, and a first translational telescopic cylinder 78 is installed and fixed on the second bottom support plate 77 for driving the whole consisting of the first sliding plate 75 and the first bottom support plate 74 to move along the first guide rail 76; a vertical guide post 72 is fixed on the upper side of the first bottom support plate 74, and a lifting slide sleeve housing 71 is slidably provided on the vertical guide post 72. The variable diameter clamping unit 6 is fixed on the lifting slide sleeve housing 71, and a lifting telescopic cylinder 73 for driving the lifting slide sleeve housing 71 to move up and down along the vertical guide post 72 is also installed and fixed on the first bottom support plate 74.

[0034] The variable diameter clamping unit 6 includes a fixed plate 61. Multiple slots 62 are distributed circumferentially on the outer side of the fixed plate 61. The fixed plate 61 is also connected and fixed to the lifting sleeve housing 71 via multiple connecting posts 66, which are staggered from the slots 62. An L-shaped plate 611 is provided on the side of the fixed plate 61 away from the connecting posts 66, corresponding to the slots 62. Sliding guide rails 610 are fixed to both sides of the L-shaped plate 611 along its radial branches. A side guide frame 63 is fixed on the fixed plate 61 and slidably connected to the sliding guide rails 610. The L-shaped plate 611 is positioned near... A second transmission rod 68 is fixed to one side of the connecting column 66 corresponding to the slot 62. The other end of the second transmission rod 68 is hinged to a first transmission rod 67. The other end of the first transmission rod 67 is hinged to a movable disk 65. The movable disk 65 is fixed to the end of the telescopic spindle of the clamping telescopic cylinder 64. The clamping telescopic cylinder 64 is fixed to the center position of the fixed disk 61. When the clamping telescopic cylinder 64 moves in and out, the transmission of the first transmission rod 67 causes the multiple L-shaped plates 611 to move inward or outward, thereby adapting to the clamping and fixing of metal products of different models.

[0035] In some alternative embodiments, a buffer vibration isolation pad 612 is also installed on the inner side of the branch parallel to the axis of the clamping telescopic cylinder 64 of the L-shaped plate 611, which can protect and fix the metal product.

[0036] To improve the stability of the movement of the second transmission rod 68, a rigid balance rod 69 is also fixed inside the slot 62, and the rigid balance rod 69 is slidably connected to the second transmission rod 68.

[0037] To further meet the requirements of the variable diameter clamping unit 6 for clamping irregularly shaped parts, the branches of the L-shaped plate 611 corresponding to the buffer vibration isolation pad 612 can be disassembled, and / or the first transmission rod 67 adopts an elastic damping telescopic structure. When a certain L-shaped plate 611 is clamped in place, the corresponding first transmission rod 67 elastically dampens and extends, waiting for the remaining L-shaped plates 611 to be clamped in place, thereby improving the adaptability of the variable diameter clamping unit 6 for clamping irregularly shaped parts.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, to meet the clamping requirements of irregularly shaped parts, the first transmission rod 67 has a built-in two-stage spring damping structure: the outer spring has a stiffness of 50 N / mm (stroke 5 mm), and the inner spring has a stiffness of 200 N / mm (stroke 2 mm). When an L-shaped plate 611 is clamped in place, the outer spring first extends to absorb the displacement, and the inner spring starts damping after the pressure reaches a preset threshold (300 N), ensuring that all clamping points are in place synchronously, and improving the clamping and adaptation efficiency of irregularly shaped parts by 40%.

[0039] The detachable branch of the L-shaped plate 611 adopts a quick-change buckle structure (buckle force 150N), and is equipped with a magnetic positioning pin (magnetic force 50N), so that the L-shaped plate 611 can be replaced within 5 seconds to adapt to different irregular workpiece contours.

[0040] When clamping irregularly shaped workpieces, since the order in which each L-shaped plate 611 contacts the workpiece surface and the required displacement are different, the first transmission rod 67, which adopts an elastic damping telescopic structure, allows a single L-shaped plate 611 to stop moving after contacting the workpiece, while the clamping telescopic cylinder 64 continues to advance, pushing the remaining L-shaped plates 611 that have not contacted the workpiece to continue moving until all L-shaped plates 611 are in contact with the workpiece surface and reach the preset clamping force, thereby realizing the adaptive envelope clamping of irregularly shaped workpieces and avoiding clamping deformation or failure to clamp due to rigid transmission.

[0041] The above embodiments of the present invention provide a CNC boring device for metal products, which realizes the pure rotation, pure oscillation or synchronous rotation and oscillation of the boring bar head 5 in space through the multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit 3, so as to meet the high-precision and multi-mode adjustment requirements of the boring angle under complex working conditions.

[0042] The variable diameter clamping unit 6 drives the movable disk 65 through the clamping telescopic cylinder 64, which in turn drives multiple L-shaped plates 611 to move radially synchronously via the first transmission rod 67 and the second transmission rod 68. This allows for adaptive clamping of metal products with different diameters or irregular cross-sections. The buffer vibration isolation pad 612 provides flexible contact protection, while the rigid balance connecting rod 69 enhances motion stability. Some L-shaped plates 611 or the first transmission rod 67 adopt detachable or elastic damping structures to further enhance the clamping adaptability to irregular workpieces.

[0043] The spatial displacement drive assembly 7 drives the second sliding plate, the first sliding plate 75, and the lifting sliding sleeve housing 71 to move along the second guide rail 79, the first guide rail 76, and the vertical guide post 72 respectively through the second translation telescopic cylinder 710, the first translation telescopic cylinder 78, and the lifting telescopic cylinder 73, thereby realizing the independent or linked positioning of the variable diameter clamping unit 6 in the X, Y, and Z directions, and improving the machining alignment accuracy and automation level.

[0044] The fluid supply unit 4 shares a power source with the third motor 313. The impeller 49 is directly driven by the third motor 313. It draws cutting fluid from the storage tank 41 through the suction pipe 42, and delivers it to the directional nozzle 47 through the pump casing 45, output pipe 410, and flexible pipe 46. The unit has a compact structure, low energy consumption, and can supply fluid in real time during boring operations. The directional nozzle 47 can accurately spray the cutting fluid into the boring area, effectively achieving cooling, lubrication, chip cleaning, and rust prevention functions, significantly improving the surface quality, dimensional accuracy, and service life of the boring bar 5. In addition, the flow regulating valve 48, in conjunction with the damped rotation connection between the impeller 49 and the output end of the third motor 313, can adjust the liquid flow rate and pressure as needed to adapt to the requirements of different materials, processes, and machining stages.

[0045] In summary, this invention achieves high-precision, highly adaptable, and intelligent CNC boring of metal products through the coordinated operation of the multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit 3, the variable diameter clamping unit 6, the spatial displacement drive assembly 7, and the integrated liquid supply unit 4.

[0046] The control, model, and circuit connection of each component are not specifically limited, and can be flexibly configured in practical applications. All circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. Furthermore, the scope of protection of this invention does not involve improvements to the software and methods.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "embodiment," "example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A CNC boring device for metal products, comprising a machine base (1), a load plate (2), a boring bar (5), and a spatial displacement drive assembly (7), wherein the load plate (2) is fixed on the machine base (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A variable diameter clamping unit (6) is mounted on a spatial displacement drive assembly (7), which is mounted on a machine base (1). The spatial displacement drive assembly (7) is used to drive the variable diameter clamping unit (6) to move in three-dimensional space. The variable diameter clamping unit (6) is used to clamp and fix metal products. A multi-degree-of-freedom boring head unit (3) is mounted on a load plate (2) and includes an inner cylinder (311) fixed on the load plate (2), a first motor (31) and a second motor (32). An outer cylinder (310) is rotatably sleeved on the inner cylinder (311). A second gear (34) is fixed on the outer cylinder (310), and a third gear (35) and a first bevel gear (36) are rotatably mounted thereon. The third gear (35) is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear (36). The first motor (31) and the second motor (32) are mounted on the load plate (2). 2) The output ends are respectively fixed with a fourth gear (37) and a first gear (33) that mesh with the second gear (34) and the third gear (35); the outer cylinder (310) is rotatably supported by a U-shaped frame (39) through a side support shaft (312), and a second bevel gear (38) that meshes with the first bevel gear (36) is fixed on the side support shaft (312); a third motor (313) is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped frame (39), and the boring bar head (5) is detachably installed on one output end of the third motor (313); The liquid supply unit (4) includes a liquid storage tank (41) fixed on the load plate (2). The liquid storage tank (41) is connected to a suction pipe (42). The suction pipe (42) passes through the inner cylinder (311) and is connected to a connecting hose (43) at one end. The other end of the connecting hose (43) is connected to the pump housing (45). The pump housing (45) is fixed to the U-shaped frame (39) by a fixing bracket (44). The other output end of the third motor (313) extends into the pump housing (45) and is connected to the impeller (49). An output pipe (410) is installed on the side of the pump housing (45) away from the connecting hose (43). The output pipe (410) is connected to the directional nozzle (47) through a flexible tube (46).

2. The CNC boring device for metal products according to claim 1, characterized in that, A side support shaft (312) is rotatably installed on each side of the outer cylinder (310). The two side support shafts (312) are coaxial and perpendicular to the surface of the outer cylinder (310). Their opposite ends are fixedly connected to two branches of the U-shaped frame (39). The second bevel gear (38) is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame (39).

3. The CNC boring device for metal products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third motor (313) is a dual-shaft extension motor, with a boring head interface seat (315) fixed at one of its output ends. The boring bar cutter head (5) is inserted into the boring head interface seat (315), and a fastening bolt (314) for locking the boring bar cutter head (5) is installed on the boring head interface seat (315).

4. The CNC boring device for metal products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suction tube (42) has an L-shaped structure, and its horizontal part is fixedly connected to the load plate (2), and is fixed to the inner wall of the inner cylinder (311) through the support ring (411); The vertical end of the suction tube (42) extends into the lower part of the inner side of the liquid storage tank (41).

5. The CNC boring device for metal products according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The impeller (49) and the output end of the third motor (313) are connected by a damped rotation; At least one output pipe (410) is provided, and a flow regulating valve (48) is installed on it.

6. The CNC boring device for metal products according to claim 5, characterized in that, The damping rotation connection between the impeller (49) and the output end of the third motor (313) adopts a double-layer rubber vibration reduction structure. The inner layer is nitrile rubber and the outer layer is silicone rubber. The two rubber layers are bonded together with epoxy resin to form a damping layer.

7. The CNC boring device for metal products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spatial displacement drive assembly (7) includes a second guide rail (79) fixed on the machine base (1), a second sliding plate is slidably provided on the second guide rail (79), a second bottom support plate (77) is fixed on the second sliding plate, and a second translation telescopic cylinder (710) is installed on the machine base (1) to drive the second sliding plate to move along the second guide rail (79). The second bottom support plate (77) is fixed with a first guide rail (76) perpendicular to the second guide rail (79). A first sliding plate (75) is slidably provided on the first guide rail (76). A first bottom support plate (74) is fixed on the first sliding plate (75). A first translation telescopic cylinder (78) is installed on the second bottom support plate (77) to drive the first sliding plate (75) to move along the first guide rail (76). A vertical guide post (72) is fixed on the first bottom support plate (74), and a lifting slide sleeve housing (71) is slidably provided on the vertical guide post (72). A variable diameter clamping unit (6) is fixed on the lifting slide sleeve housing (71), and a lifting telescopic cylinder (73) is installed on the first bottom support plate (74) to drive the lifting slide sleeve housing (71) to rise and fall along the vertical guide post (72).

8. The CNC boring device for metal products according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The variable diameter clamping unit (6) includes a fixed plate (61), which has multiple slots (62) circumferentially and is fixed to the lifting slide housing (71) by multiple connecting columns (66); The fixed plate (61) is provided with an L-shaped plate (611) on the side of the slot (62) away from the connecting column (66). Sliding guide rails (610) are fixed on both sides of the radial branch of the L-shaped plate (611). A side guide frame (63) is fixed on the fixed plate (61) and is slidably connected to the sliding guide rail (610). The L-shaped plate (611) is fixed with a second transmission rod (68) on the side near the connecting column (66). The second transmission rod (68) is hinged to a first transmission rod (67). The first transmission rod (67) is hinged to a movable disc (65). The movable disc (65) is fixed to the end of the telescopic spindle of the clamping telescopic cylinder (64). The clamping telescopic cylinder (64) is fixed at the center of the fixed disc (61).

9. The CNC boring device for metal products according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner side of the branch parallel to the axis of the clamping telescopic cylinder (64) of the L-shaped plate (611) is equipped with a buffer vibration isolation pad (612). A rigid balance rod (69) is fixed inside the slot (62), and the rigid balance rod (69) is slidably connected to the second transmission rod (68).

10. The CNC boring device for metal products according to claim 8, characterized in that, The corresponding branch of the L-shaped plate (611) is a detachable structure, and / or the first transmission rod (67) adopts an elastic damping telescopic structure.

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