Automatic intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal machining

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal machining, and relates to the technical field of laser welding devices, the automatic intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal machining comprises a workbench which serves as a mounting and bearing foundation and is provided with a sheet metal fixing assembly and a driving module; the driving module comprises an electric working guide rail transversely arranged on the workbench and an electric lifting guide rail fixed to the moving end of the electric working guide rail. The mounting frame is fixed at the moving end of the electric lifting guide rail; the laser detection head and the controller are arranged, a welding parameter self-adaptive regulation and control system of real-time detection, data transmission, parameter matching and precise regulation and control is constructed, the welding defects of incomplete penetration, undercut, air holes and the like caused by 0-0.8 mm random fluctuation of a splicing gap are effectively overcome, a protection assembly is arranged, an air wall formed by a high-pressure air nozzle is utilized, and the welding quality is improved. Welding fume, sparks and the laser detection head are effectively isolated, the detection precision of the laser detection head is protected, the service life of the laser detection head is prolonged, and the equipment maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser welding equipment technology, specifically to an automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of sheet metal welding, sheet metal splicing and welding is one of the core processes. Its welding quality directly determines the overall structural strength, appearance, and reliability of the sheet metal components, and is also a key factor affecting production efficiency and manufacturing costs. In existing technologies, when two pieces of sheet metal are butt-welded, the gap between them always fluctuates randomly between 0-0.8mm. This gap deviation cannot be completely eliminated through conventional processing and clamping methods, becoming a technical pain point that restricts the improvement of sheet metal welding quality and production efficiency.

[0003] Research revealed that the aforementioned fluctuations in the splicing gaps are caused by a combination of factors, resulting from the cumulative effects of deviations across multiple stages and scenarios: First, during the initial machining process of sheet metal parts, inherent dimensional accuracy deviations exist due to factors such as the precision of machining equipment and errors in tooling fixtures. Furthermore, during the clamping and positioning stage before welding, issues such as misalignment of the alignment reference and loosening of the clamping structure can easily occur, directly causing inconsistencies in the initial splicing gaps. Second, the inherent material and structural characteristics of sheet metal, such as the elastic deformation of the sheet metal and differences in structural stiffness, can cause spontaneous positional shifts during clamping and welding, further altering the splicing gaps. Third, during the welding process, accidental disturbances from external forces and changes in thermal stress and deformation caused by welding heat input can create dynamic gap disturbances, leading to continuous fluctuations in the splicing gap spacing during welding. Random fluctuations in the gap of 0-0.8mm can have multiple negative impacts on sheet metal welding processes and finished product quality. On the one hand, irregular changes in the gap can directly cause weld formation defects, such as incomplete penetration, undercut, porosity, and excessive weld height differences, significantly reducing the appearance and forming quality of the weld. On the other hand, gap fluctuations can lead to uneven fusion of the weld joint, causing a sharp drop in the mechanical properties of the joint and failing to meet the structural strength requirements of sheet metal components. At the same time, gap deviations can exacerbate the unevenness of welding heat input, further amplifying the thermal deformation of the sheet metal base material and increasing the difficulty of subsequent shaping and correction processes. Ultimately, these problems will significantly increase the repair costs and time investment after welding, resulting in a significant reduction in the first-pass yield of sheet metal welding processes, greatly reducing production efficiency and severely restricting the large-scale and efficient production of sheet metal welding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing includes: The workbench serves as the mounting base, on which sheet metal fixing components and a drive module are mounted. The drive module includes an electric work guide rail horizontally mounted on the workbench and an electric lifting guide rail fixed to the moving end of the electric work guide rail. Mounting frame, which is fixed to the moving end of electric lifting guide rail, and is equipped with a No. 1 adjusting cylinder and adjusting components; A laser welding gun head, wherein the laser welding gun head is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod of the first adjusting cylinder; A laser detection head is located at the moving end of the adjustment component and in front of the welding trajectory of the laser welding gun head. The two move synchronously. The laser detection head is connected to the adjustment component by changing the module. The protective component, which is located between the laser welding gun head and the laser detection head, includes several high-pressure air nozzles arranged in a vertical array. The tail end of the nozzles is connected to the air source, and the front end forms an isolation air wall that isolates the laser welding gun head and the laser detection head. The controller is located on the side wall of the workbench and has a built-in welding parameter adaptive adjustment mechanism and a PLC control system. The welding parameter adaptive adjustment mechanism includes a data receiving module connected to the laser detection head signal, a parameter matching library storage unit storing welding parameters corresponding to eight sets of gap sizes from 0 to 0.8 mm, and a parameter output interface connected to the PLC control system signal. The PLC control system matches the optimal welding parameters based on the detection data of the laser detection head and controls the laser welding gun head to work.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the adjustment assembly includes a fixed plate, which is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mounting frame. A second adjustment cylinder is fixed to one side of the fixed plate. The telescopic rod of the second adjustment cylinder slides through the fixed plate. A movable frame is fixedly mounted at the end of the telescopic rod of the second adjustment cylinder. A third adjustment cylinder is fixedly mounted at the front end of the movable frame. A bearing plate is fixedly mounted at the end of the telescopic rod of the third adjustment cylinder.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the fixed plate is provided with four guide sleeves, which are distributed at the four corners of the fixed plate. The guide sleeves penetrate the fixed plate and are welded to the fixed plate. A guide rod is slidably inserted inside the guide sleeve, and one end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the movable frame.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the replacement module includes a fixed horizontal plate, which is fixed to the top of the support plate. A stepper motor is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the fixed horizontal plate. The output shaft of the stepper motor extends through the fixed horizontal plate to the bottom of the fixed horizontal plate. A connector is fixedly mounted at the end of the output shaft of the stepper motor. The connector is a cylindrical structure with three connecting arms evenly spaced on its outer wall. A fixed vertical plate is fixedly mounted at the end of the connecting arms. The number of laser detection heads is three, and the three laser detection heads are respectively fixed on the three fixed vertical plates.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the protective component further includes a manifold, which is vertically arranged. An I-shaped steel is welded to the side wall of the manifold, and a connecting rod is fixed to the other end of the I-shaped steel. The connecting rod is fixed to the rear end of the bearing plate. A connection port is provided at the upper end of the manifold for connecting a connecting hose, and the other end of the connecting hose is connected to an air source.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the manifold is provided with several branch pipes at equal intervals on its wall, and the branch pipes are respectively connected to several high-pressure gas nozzles.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the sheet metal fixing assembly includes a fixed baffle and a movable baffle. The fixed baffle and the movable baffle are distributed on both sides of the upper end of the worktable. The fixed baffle is fixed to the upper end of the worktable. The bottom of the movable baffle is integrally formed with a slider. The upper surface of the worktable is provided with a sliding groove. The slider is located in the sliding groove and is slidably adapted to the sliding groove. A clamping cylinder is provided on the side of the movable baffle away from the fixed baffle. The clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the worktable. The end of the telescopic rod of the clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable baffle.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, both the fixed baffle and the movable baffle are provided with mounting plates at their upper ends. The mounting plates are L-shaped, and a clamping cylinder is fixedly provided at the upper end of the mounting plates. The telescopic rod of the clamping cylinder slides through the mounting plates and extends to the bottom of the mounting plates. A clamping plate is fixedly provided at the end of the telescopic rod of the clamping cylinder.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the eight sets of gap sizes in the parameter matching library storage unit are 0-0.1mm, 0.1mm-0.2mm, 0.2mm-0.3mm, 0.3mm-0.4mm, 0.4mm-0.5mm, 0.5mm-0.6mm, 0.6mm-0.7mm, and 0.7mm-0.8mm, respectively. Each set of gap sizes corresponds to matching laser power, welding speed, and defocusing amount welding parameters, and the parameter matching library storage unit supports the updating and adjustment of welding parameters.

[0014] This invention provides an automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing, which has the following advantages: (1) By setting up a laser detection head and a controller, the present invention constructs a welding parameter adaptive control system of "real-time detection - data transmission - parameter matching - precise control". The laser detection head adopts a high-precision laser displacement sensor, which can accurately detect the gap spacing fluctuation in the range of 0-0.8mm, detect the gap data in advance and transmit it to the controller. The controller automatically matches the optimal welding parameters based on the data and controls the laser welding gun head to adjust in real time, effectively solving welding defects such as incomplete penetration, undercut, and porosity caused by random fluctuations in the splicing gap of 0-0.8mm, and significantly improving the weld formation quality and mechanical properties of the welded joint.

[0015] (2) By setting up protective components, the present invention effectively isolates welding fumes, sparks and laser detection head from the air wall formed by high-pressure air nozzles, protects the detection accuracy of laser detection head, extends its service life and reduces equipment maintenance costs; by setting up replacement modules, the laser detection head can be quickly switched to adapt to different detection scenarios and accuracy requirements, without the need for manual disassembly and replacement, greatly improving work efficiency and reducing manual labor intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive module in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the laser welding gun head and laser detection head in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the protective components and replacement module in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the movement of the laser welding gun head in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the signal connection of the adaptive control mechanism for welding parameters in this invention; In the diagram: 100, workbench; 200, sheet metal fixing assembly; 210, fixed baffle; 220, movable baffle; 230, clamping cylinder; 240, slider; 250, slide rail; 260, mounting plate; 270, clamping cylinder; 280, clamping plate; 300, drive module; 310, electric work guide rail; 320, electric lifting guide rail; 400, mounting bracket; 500, laser welding gun head; 510, first adjusting cylinder; 600, laser detection head; 610, adjusting assembly; 611, fixing plate. 612. No. 2 Adjusting Cylinder; 613. Movable Frame; 614. No. 3 Adjusting Cylinder; 615. Bearing Plate; 616. Guide Rod; 617. Guide Sleeve; 700. Protective Components; 710. High-Pressure Air Nozzle; 720. Manifold; 730. Diverter Pipe; 740. Connecting Hoses; 750. Connecting Rod; 760. I-Shaped Steel; 800. Replacement Module; 810. Fixed Horizontal Plate; 820. Stepper Motor; 830. Connector; 840. Connecting Arm; 850. Fixed Vertical Plate; 900. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] This invention provides a technical solution: such as Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown in this embodiment, an automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing includes a worktable 100, a sheet metal fixing component 200, a drive module 300, a mounting frame 400, a laser welding gun head 500, a laser detection head 600, a protective component 700, a replacement module 800, and a controller 900. The worktable 100 serves as the mounting and supporting foundation for the entire device, used to install and fix various functional components to ensure the stability of the welding operation. The sheet metal fixing component 200 is used to achieve precise clamping and positioning of the sheet metal parts to be welded, reducing the fluctuation of splicing gaps caused by clamping deviations. The drive module 300 is used to drive the mounting frame 400. 0. The laser welding gun head 500 and laser detection head 600 can move in multiple dimensions to adapt to welding requirements of different sizes and positions. The laser detection head 600 is used to detect the spacing data of the splicing gap in real time and transmit the data to the controller 900. The controller 900 realizes adaptive adjustment of welding parameters based on the detection data and controls the laser welding gun head 500 to complete high-quality welding. The protective component 700 is used to isolate the smoke and sparks generated during the welding process and protect the detection accuracy of the laser detection head 600. The replacement module 800 is used to realize the quick replacement of the laser detection head 600 to adapt to different detection scenarios and accuracy requirements.

[0019] like Figure 3 As shown, the workbench 100 is equipped with a sheet metal fixing assembly 200 and a drive module 300. The drive module 300 includes an electric working guide rail 310 and an electric lifting guide rail 320. The electric working guide rail 310 is horizontally mounted on the workbench 100 and is used to drive the mounting frame 400 to move horizontally, thereby driving the laser welding gun head 500 and the laser inspection head 600 to move along the welding trajectory to achieve continuous welding operations. The electric lifting guide rail 320 is fixedly mounted on the moving end of the electric working guide rail 310, and the mounting frame 400 is fixedly mounted on the moving end of the electric lifting guide rail 320. The electric lifting guide rail 320 is used to drive the mounting frame 400 to rise and fall vertically, adjusting the height of the laser welding gun head 500 and the laser inspection head 600 to adapt to the welding and inspection needs of sheet metal parts of different thicknesses.

[0020] like Figure 4 As shown, the mounting bracket 400 is located at the mobile terminal of the drive module 300 (i.e., the mobile end of the electric lifting guide rail 320). It is equipped with a first adjusting cylinder 510 and an adjusting component 610. The first adjusting cylinder 510 is fixed to the front end of the mounting bracket 400. The laser welding gun head 500 is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod of the first adjusting cylinder 510. The first adjusting cylinder 510 is used to fine adjust the front and rear positions of the laser welding gun head 500 to ensure that the relative position of the laser welding gun head 500 and the splicing gap is accurate and improves the welding accuracy.

[0021] like Figure 5As shown, the adjustment component 610 is used to adjust the position of the laser detection head 600 to ensure that the laser detection head 600 can be accurately aligned with the splicing gap, thereby achieving accurate acquisition of gap data. It includes a fixed plate 611, a second adjustment cylinder 612, a movable frame 613, a third adjustment cylinder 614, a support plate 615, a guide rod 616, and a guide sleeve 617. The fixed plate 611 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mounting frame 400, serving as the mounting base for the adjustment component 610. A second adjustment cylinder 612 is fixed to one side of the fixed plate 611, and the telescopic rod of the second adjustment cylinder 612 slides through it. A movable frame 613 is fixedly mounted at the end of the telescopic rod of the fixed plate 611 and the second adjusting cylinder 612. The second adjusting cylinder 612 is used to adjust the distance between the laser detection head 600 and the laser welding gun head 500 to ensure that the detection and welding actions are coordinated and to avoid mutual interference. A third adjusting cylinder 614 is fixedly mounted at the front end of the movable frame 613. A bearing plate 615 is fixedly mounted at the end of the telescopic rod of the third adjusting cylinder 614. The third adjusting cylinder 614 is used to drive the movable frame 613 to move back and forth, thereby adjusting the front and rear position of the laser detection head 600 to ensure that the detection head is accurately aligned with the splicing seam.

[0022] like Figure 5 As shown, the fixed plate 611 is provided with four guide sleeves 617, which are distributed at the four corners of the fixed plate 611. The guide sleeves 617 penetrate the fixed plate 611 and are welded to the fixed plate 611. A guide rod 616 is slidably inserted inside the guide sleeve 617. One end of the guide rod 616 is fixedly connected to the movable frame 613. The guide rod 616 and the guide sleeve 617 are in clearance fit, which is used to guide and limit the movement of the movable frame 613, prevent the movable frame 613 from deviating during the movement, and ensure the position adjustment accuracy of the laser detection head 600.

[0023] like Figure 4 As shown, the laser detection head 600 is located at the mobile terminal (i.e., the carrier plate 615) of the adjustment component 610. Both the laser detection head 600 and the laser welding gun head 500 move with the mounting frame 400, enabling synchronous movement of the laser detection head 600 and the laser welding gun head 500. The laser detection head 600 is located in front of the welding trajectory of the laser welding gun head 500, ensuring that the laser detection head 600 can detect the spacing data of the splicing gap in advance and transmit the data to the controller 900 in real time, allowing sufficient time for the adjustment of welding parameters. The welding trajectory of the laser welding gun head 500 is controlled by the electric working guide rail 310 to ensure the accuracy of the welding trajectory.

[0024] like Figure 6As shown, the laser detection head 600 is connected to the carrier plate 615 via a replacement module 800. The replacement module 800 enables quick replacement of the laser detection head 600 to adapt to different precision and scenario detection requirements. It includes a fixed horizontal plate 810, a stepper motor 820, a connector 830, a connecting arm 840, and a fixed vertical plate 850. The fixed horizontal plate 810 is fixed to the top of the carrier plate 615, serving as the mounting base for the replacement module 800. The stepper motor 820 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the fixed horizontal plate 810. The output shaft of the stepper motor 820 extends through the fixed horizontal plate 810 to its lower part, providing driving power. The stepper motor 820 drives the connector 830 to rotate. The connector 830 is fixedly mounted at the end of the output shaft of the stepper motor 820. The connector 830 has a cylindrical structure with three connecting arms 840 evenly spaced on its outer wall. The end of the connecting arm 840 is fixedly mounted with a fixed vertical plate 850. There are three laser detection heads 600, and the three laser detection heads 600 have different detection accuracies or detection types. They are fixedly mounted on the three fixed vertical plates 850 respectively. When it is necessary to replace the laser detection head 600, the stepper motor 820 drives the connector 830 to rotate, which drives the corresponding laser detection head 600 to rotate to the detection position, realizing quick switching without manual disassembly and replacement, effectively improving work efficiency.

[0025] like Figure 6 As shown, a protective component 700 is provided between the laser welding gun head 500 and the laser detection head 600. The protective component 700 is used to isolate the fumes, sparks, and high-temperature radiation generated during the laser welding process, preventing them from damaging the laser detection head 600 or affecting its detection accuracy. It includes several high-pressure air nozzles 710, a manifold 720, a splitter 730, a connecting hose 740, a connecting rod 750, and an I-beam 760. The high-pressure air nozzles 710 are arranged in a vertical array, with their tail ends connected to an air source and their front ends forming an air barrier that isolates the laser welding gun head 500 and the laser detection head 600. The air barrier formed by the high-pressure airflow can effectively block the diffusion of fumes and sparks toward the laser detection head 600. The manifold 720 is arranged vertically to concentrate and split the airflow. An I-shaped steel 760 is welded to the side wall of the manifold 720. A connecting rod 750 is fixed to the other end of the I-shaped steel 760. The connecting rod 750 is fixed to the rear end of the bearing plate 615 to achieve a fixed connection between the protective component 700 and the bearing plate 615. This ensures that the protective component 700 moves synchronously with the laser detection head 600 and the laser welding gun head 500, guaranteeing the full-process protection effect. The upper end of the manifold 720 is provided with a connection port, which is connected to a connecting hose 740. The other end of the connecting hose 740 is connected to an air source to provide a stable high-pressure airflow to the protective component 700. Several branch pipes 730 are evenly spaced on the pipe wall of the manifold 720. The branch pipes 730 are connected to several high-pressure air nozzles 710 respectively to achieve uniform airflow distribution and ensure a stable and consistent isolation effect of the air wall.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the sheet metal fixing assembly 200 includes a fixed baffle 210, a movable baffle 220, a clamping cylinder 230, a slider 240, a slide groove 250, a mounting plate 260, a clamping cylinder 270, and a clamping plate 280. The fixed baffle 210 and the movable baffle 220 are distributed on both sides of the upper end of the worktable 100 and are used to limit the left and right movement of the sheet metal parts. The fixed baffle 210 is fixed to the upper end of the worktable 100 as a positioning reference. The bottom of the movable baffle 220 has an integrally formed slider 240. The upper surface of the worktable 100 has a slide groove 250. The slider 240 is located in the slide groove 250 and slides with the slide groove 250. The movable baffle 220 has a clamping cylinder 230 on the side away from the fixed baffle 210. The clamping cylinder 230 is fixedly connected to the worktable 100. The end of the telescopic rod of the clamping cylinder 230 is fixedly connected to the movable baffle 220. The holding cylinder 230 drives the movable baffle 220 to slide along the slide groove 250, thereby adjusting the distance between the movable baffle 220 and the fixed baffle 210 to accommodate the clamping requirements of sheet metal parts of different widths. At the same time, the clamping force of the holding cylinder 230 enables the sheet metal parts to be clamped and positioned left and right, reducing clamping deviation. The upper ends of both the fixed baffle 210 and the movable baffle 220 are provided with mounting plates 260. The mounting plates 260 have an L-shaped structure, and the upper end of the mounting plates 260 is fixed with a pressing cylinder 270. The telescopic rod of the pressing cylinder 270 slides through the mounting plate 260 and extends to the bottom of the mounting plate 260. The end of the telescopic rod of the pressing cylinder 270 is fixed with a pressing plate 280. The pressing cylinder 270 drives the pressing plate 280 to move up and down, thereby achieving up and down pressing and positioning of the sheet metal parts, preventing displacement of the sheet metal parts during welding, and further reducing the fluctuation of the splicing gap.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 8As shown, the controller 900 is located on the side wall of the workbench 100. It incorporates a welding parameter adaptive control mechanism and a PLC control system. The welding parameter adaptive control mechanism includes a data receiving module, a parameter matching library storage unit, and a parameter output interface. The data receiving module is connected to the laser detection head 600 and is used to receive the splicing seam spacing data transmitted by the laser detection head 600. The parameter matching library storage unit stores welding parameters corresponding to different seam sizes. There are eight groups of seam sizes: 0-0.1mm, 0.1mm-0.2mm, 0.2mm-0.3mm, 0.3mm-0.4mm, 0.4mm-0.5mm, and 0.5mm-0.6mm. Each gap size—0.6mm-0.7mm, 0.7mm-0.8mm—corresponds to different welding parameters, including laser power, welding speed, and defocusing amount. The parameter matching library can be updated and adjusted according to actual welding needs. The PLC control system signal is connected to the parameter output interface. When the PLC control system receives gap data transmitted from the laser detection head 600, it compares it with the parameters stored in the parameter matching library to match the optimal welding parameters for the corresponding gap size. Then, it controls the laser welding gun head 500 to work according to the matched welding parameters, achieving adaptive control of welding parameters and effectively solving welding quality problems caused by splicing gap fluctuations.

[0028] The working principle of this invention is as follows: In use, the two sheet metal parts to be welded are first placed on the workbench 100, between the fixed baffle 210 and the movable baffle 220. The clamping cylinder 230 is activated, which drives the movable baffle 220 to move along the slide groove 250 toward the fixed baffle 210, thereby achieving left and right clamping and positioning of the sheet metal parts. Then, the pressing cylinder 270 is activated, which drives the pressing plate 280 to move downward, pressing the sheet metal parts vertically and vertically, thus completing the clamping and positioning of the sheet metal parts and reducing the fluctuation of splicing gap caused by clamping deviation.

[0029] After clamping, the position of the laser inspection head 600 is adjusted by adjusting component 610. Specifically, the second adjusting cylinder 612 adjusts the distance between the laser inspection head 600 and the laser welding gun head 500, and the third adjusting cylinder 614 drives the movable frame 613 to move back and forth, thereby driving the support plate 615 and the laser inspection head 600 to move back and forth, so that the laser inspection head 600 is precisely aligned with the splicing gap. At the same time, the first adjusting cylinder 510 finely adjusts the back and forth position of the laser welding gun head 500, and the electric lifting guide rail 320 adjusts the height of the laser welding gun head 500 and the laser inspection head 600 to adapt to the current welding and inspection requirements of the sheet metal parts. If the laser inspection head 600 needs to be replaced, the stepper motor 820 is started, and the stepper motor 820 drives the connector 830 to rotate, driving the laser inspection head 600 of the corresponding inspection accuracy or type to rotate to the inspection position, realizing rapid switching.

[0030] When the protective component 700 is activated, the air source delivers high-pressure airflow into the manifold 720 through the connecting hose 740. After the airflow is split by the splitter pipe 730, it is ejected through several high-pressure air nozzles 710, forming an isolation air wall that separates the laser welding gun head 500 from the laser detection head 600, preventing the smoke and sparks generated during the welding process from damaging the laser detection head 600 or affecting its detection accuracy.

[0031] The drive module 300 and laser welding gun head 500 are activated. The electric working guide rail 310 drives the mounting bracket 400, laser welding gun head 500, and laser detection head 600 to move horizontally along the welding trajectory, realizing continuous welding operation. At the same time, the laser detection head 600 detects the spacing data of the splice gap in real time and transmits the data to the PLC control system of the controller 900 through the data receiving module. The PLC control system quickly compares the received gap data with the welding parameters stored in the parameter matching library, accurately matches the optimal welding parameters (such as laser power, welding speed, etc.) for the corresponding gap size, and controls the laser welding gun head 500 to adjust the welding parameters in real time, realizing adaptive control of welding parameters. This effectively avoids welding defects such as incomplete penetration and undercut caused by random fluctuations in the splice gap of 0-0.8mm, ensuring that the weld formation quality and mechanical properties of the welded joint meet the standards.

[0032] After welding is completed, shut down all functional components, start the clamping cylinder 230 and the pressing cylinder 270 to reset the movable baffle 220 and the pressing plate 280, remove the welded sheet metal component, and complete one welding operation.

[0033] It should be noted that the electric working guide rail 310, electric lifting guide rail 320, various adjusting cylinders, stepper motor 820, laser welding gun head 500, laser detection head 600 and controller 900 in this invention can all be mature products in the prior art. The specific models can be selected according to the actual operation requirements. Moreover, the circuit connection and signal transmission methods between the electrical components are all existing technologies. This invention does not involve improvements to its circuit structure or control program, but only innovative designs for the mechanical structure, installation connection method and collaborative working logic of each component, so as to achieve precise response to splicing gap fluctuations and improve welding quality.

[0034] Furthermore, the welding parameters stored in the parameter matching library of this invention can be pre-adjusted and entered according to the actual sheet metal material, thickness, welding requirements, etc., and can be dynamically updated and optimized according to the welding effect, ensuring that the best welding quality can be obtained under different gap sizes, thereby improving the adaptability and practicality of the device.

[0035] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing, characterized in that, include: The workbench (100) serves as the mounting base, and is provided with sheet metal fixing components (200) and drive module (300). The drive module (300) includes an electric working guide rail (310) horizontally mounted on the workbench (100) and an electric lifting guide rail (320) fixed to the moving end of the electric working guide rail (310). Mounting bracket (400), which is fixed to the moving end of electric lifting guide rail (320), and is provided with a first adjusting cylinder (510) and adjusting component (610). Laser welding gun head (500), the laser welding gun head (500) is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod of the first regulating cylinder (510); A laser detection head (600) is located at the moving end of the adjustment component (610) and in front of the welding trajectory of the laser welding gun head (500). The two move synchronously. The laser detection head (600) is connected to the adjustment component (610) through a replacement module (800). The protective component (700) is located between the laser welding gun head (500) and the laser detection head (600), and includes a plurality of high-pressure air nozzles (710). The plurality of high-pressure air nozzles (710) are arranged in a vertical array, with their tail ends connected to an air source and their front ends forming an isolation air wall that isolates the laser welding gun head (500) and the laser detection head (600). The controller (900) is located on the side wall of the workbench (100) and has a built-in welding parameter adaptive control mechanism and a PLC control system. The welding parameter adaptive control mechanism includes a data receiving module connected to the laser detection head (600), a parameter matching library storage unit storing welding parameters corresponding to eight sets of gap sizes from 0 to 0.8 mm, and a parameter output interface connected to the PLC control system. The PLC control system matches the optimal welding parameters based on the detection data of the laser detection head (600) and controls the laser welding gun head (500) to work.

2. The automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly (610) includes a fixed plate (611), which is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mounting frame (400). A second adjustment cylinder (612) is fixed on one side of the fixed plate (611). The telescopic rod of the second adjustment cylinder (612) slides through the fixed plate (611). A movable frame (613) is fixedly mounted at the end of the telescopic rod of the second adjustment cylinder (612). A third adjustment cylinder (614) is fixedly mounted at the front end of the movable frame (613). A bearing plate (615) is fixedly mounted at the end of the telescopic rod of the third adjustment cylinder (614).

3. The automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed plate (611) is provided with four guide sleeves (617), which are distributed at the four corners of the fixed plate (611). The guide sleeves (617) penetrate the fixed plate (611) and are welded to the fixed plate (611). A guide rod (616) is slidably inserted inside the guide sleeve (617), and one end of the guide rod (616) is fixedly connected to the movable frame (613).

4. The automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The replacement module (800) includes a fixed horizontal plate (810), which is fixed to the top of the support plate (615). A stepper motor (820) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the fixed horizontal plate (810). The output shaft of the stepper motor (820) extends through the fixed horizontal plate (810) to the bottom of the fixed horizontal plate (810). A connector (830) is fixedly mounted at the end of the output shaft of the stepper motor (820). The connector (830) is a cylindrical structure with three connecting arms (840) evenly spaced on its outer wall. A fixed vertical plate (850) is fixedly mounted at the end of the connecting arms (840). There are three laser detection heads (600), which are respectively fixed on the three fixed vertical plates (850).

5. The automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective assembly (700) also includes a manifold (720), which is vertically arranged. An I-shaped steel (760) is welded to the side wall of the manifold (720). A connecting rod (750) is fixedly provided at the other end of the I-shaped steel (760). The connecting rod (750) is fixed to the rear end of the bearing plate (615). A connection port is provided at the upper end of the manifold (720) for connecting a connecting hose (740). The other end of the connecting hose (740) is connected to an air source.

6. The automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The manifold (720) has several branch pipes (730) arranged at equal intervals on its pipe wall, and the branch pipes (730) are respectively connected to several high-pressure air nozzles (710).

7. The automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sheet metal fixing assembly (200) includes a fixed baffle (210) and a movable baffle (220). The fixed baffle (210) and the movable baffle (220) are distributed on both sides of the upper end of the workbench (100). The fixed baffle (210) is fixed to the upper end of the workbench (100). The bottom of the movable baffle (220) is integrally formed with a slider (240). The upper surface of the workbench (100) is provided with a groove (250). The slider (240) is located in the groove (250) and is slidably adapted to the groove (250). A clamping cylinder (230) is provided on the side of the movable baffle (220) away from the fixed baffle (210). The clamping cylinder (230) is fixedly connected to the workbench (100). The end of the telescopic rod of the clamping cylinder (230) is fixedly connected to the movable baffle (220).

8. The automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper ends of both the fixed baffle (210) and the movable baffle (220) are provided with mounting plates (260). The mounting plates (260) are L-shaped. A pressing cylinder (270) is fixedly provided at the upper end of the mounting plates (260). The telescopic rod of the pressing cylinder (270) slides through the mounting plates (260) and extends to the bottom of the mounting plates (260). A pressing plate (280) is fixedly provided at the end of the telescopic rod of the pressing cylinder (270).

9. The automated intelligent laser welding device for sheet metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eight sets of gap sizes in the parameter matching library storage unit are 0-0.1mm, 0.1mm-0.2mm, 0.2mm-0.3mm, 0.3mm-0.4mm, 0.4mm-0.5mm, 0.5mm-0.6mm, 0.6mm-0.7mm, and 0.7mm-0.8mm, respectively. Each set of gap sizes corresponds to matching laser power, welding speed, and defocusing amount welding parameters, and the parameter matching library storage unit supports the updating and adjustment of welding parameters.

Images