Efficient forming die of special shock absorber rubber bushing for electric automobile

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorber rubber bushing forming, and particularly relates to an efficient forming die for a shock absorber rubber bushing special for an electric automobile, the efficient forming die comprises a constant temperature system, an upper die and a lower die, the upper die and the lower die are attached to form a cavity wall surface, and multi-point temperature sensors are arranged in the cavity wall surface and a bushing rubber layer. The temperature sensor is used for collecting the surface temperature of the cavity and the core temperature of the sizing material in real time, the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the constant temperature system, and the surface temperature of the cavity and the core temperature of the sizing material are transmitted into the constant temperature system through signals; a support is connected to the bottom of the lower die, a motor is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support, an output shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and a rotating shaft is connected to the upper end of the output shaft. The sealing performance is poor; and the heat dissipation efficiency is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shock absorber rubber bushing molding technology, specifically relating to a high-efficiency molding die for a shock absorber rubber bushing for electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the performance requirements for key components of electric vehicles are increasing. Shock absorber rubber bushings, as an important part of the suspension system, directly affect the NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) performance and ride comfort of the entire vehicle due to their molding quality. Efficient and precise molding dies are crucial for ensuring the dimensional accuracy, physical properties, and production efficiency of rubber bushings. However, existing rubber bushing molding dies still have shortcomings in areas such as vulcanization temperature control, sealing against overflow, automated material handling, and heat dissipation efficiency, making it difficult to meet the manufacturing requirements of high consistency, high efficiency, and high reliability for electric vehicle-specific shock absorber rubber bushings.

[0003] A search revealed a rubber bushing vulcanization molding die with publication number CN222628478U, authorized on March 18, 2025. This patent uses a mold core that abuts against the end faces of the inner and outer tubes to form a sealing surface, and is equipped with an automatic feeding mechanism, effectively preventing overflow during injection molding and reducing subsequent trimming processes. However, this technical solution lacks a precise temperature control mechanism during vulcanization and a structural design for rapid heat dissipation after molding, resulting in a long vulcanization cycle and limited production efficiency. Furthermore, its sealing structure relies on the cooperation of multiple protrusions and positioning blocks, which are prone to wear under long-term high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, affecting sealing reliability and thus reducing product yield.

[0004] A search revealed a method for preparing automotive shock absorber bushings, publication number CN112976478B, with an authorization announcement date of January 31, 2023. This patent focuses on the modification of composite rubber materials and injection vulcanization molding processes, improving the bushing's heat aging resistance and dynamic fatigue performance through surface modification with high-abrasion-resistant carbon black. However, this approach primarily focuses on material formulation and mixing processes, paying little attention to optimizing the molding die structure itself. It fails to address the issue of localized over- or under-vulcanization caused by poor heat dissipation in actual production, and it does not integrate an efficient temperature control and cooling system. Therefore, in large-scale continuous production, it is difficult to guarantee the performance consistency of each batch of products, and the insufficient thermal management capability of the die limits further reduction in cycle time.

[0005] The aforementioned problems indicate that existing technologies still have significant shortcomings in terms of temperature control accuracy, heat dissipation efficiency, sealing reliability, and automation level in rubber bushing molding dies, failing to fully meet the demands of electric vehicles for efficient, stable, and high-quality manufacturing of high-performance shock absorber bushings. Therefore, this invention provides a high-efficiency molding die for electric vehicle-specific shock absorber rubber bushings, aiming to achieve precise control of vulcanization temperature, rapid and uniform heat dissipation after molding, and a reliable sealing and anti-overflow structure, thereby significantly improving production efficiency, product consistency, and die lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency molding die for a rubber bushing of a shock absorber for electric vehicles, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency molding die for a rubber bushing of a shock absorber for electric vehicles, comprising a constant temperature system, an upper die, and a lower die. The upper and lower dies are fitted together to form a cavity wall. Multiple temperature sensors are arranged on the cavity wall and inside the bushing rubber layer to collect real-time temperature data of the cavity surface and the core temperature of the rubber compound. The temperature sensors are electrically connected to the constant temperature system, and the cavity surface temperature and the core temperature of the rubber compound are transmitted into the constant temperature system via signals. A support is connected to the bottom of the lower die, and a motor is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the support. The output end of the motor is fixedly mounted... An output shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the output shaft, and a rotating shaft is connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft. An undulating plate is integrally formed on the upper end of the rotating shaft. An air cavity is provided at the bottom of the lower mold, and the undulating plate is slidably connected to the air cavity. The air cavity is connected to the cavity wall. Air holes are provided on both the left and right sides of the undulating plate. A temperature sensor is electrically connected to the motor. An insertion hole is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and the output shaft is inserted into the insertion hole. A connecting groove and an inclined groove are provided on the inner wall of the insertion hole, and the connecting groove and the inclined groove are connected to each other. A roller is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the output shaft, and the roller is rotatably connected to the connecting groove and the inclined groove.

[0008] The present invention further explains that the constant temperature system is used to dynamically adjust the power of the heating circuit through an adaptive PID algorithm, so that the temperature fluctuation during the entire vulcanization cycle is controlled within ±℃. The constant temperature system automatically corrects the vulcanization heating rate, holding temperature and holding time based on the real-time temperature difference fed back by the temperature sensor, forming a closed-loop collaborative control.

[0009] The present invention further illustrates that two guide pillars are integrally formed on the upper part of the inner wall of the air cavity. The lower ends of the two guide pillars are cylindrical and the upper ends are conical, and the cylindrical parts fit together with the air holes.

[0010] The present invention further illustrates that the connection between the connecting groove and the inclined groove is rounded, and the connecting groove is inclined.

[0011] The present invention further illustrates that the inner walls of the air cavity are integrally formed with limit blocks on both the left and right sides, the inner side of the limit blocks is provided with threaded holes, and a screw block is threadedly connected to the threaded holes. An extrusion rod is integrally formed on the upper end of the screw block.

[0012] The present invention further illustrates that the guide post includes a left post and a right post, and the left post and the right post are fitted together to form a complete guide post. The bottom of the guide post is provided with an extrusion groove, the extrusion groove is inclined, the extrusion rod is inserted into the extrusion groove, and the bottom of the screw block is provided with an internal hexagonal hole.

[0013] The present invention further explains that the undulating plate and the rotating shaft are both made of elastic silicone material, and the inner end of the limiting block is integrally formed with a top shaft. The right end of the top shaft is in contact with the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and the outer surface of the rotating shaft is conical.

[0014] The present invention further illustrates that a deformation groove is provided inside the upper end of the rotating shaft.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: by strictly limiting the fluctuation of vulcanization temperature to a very small range, the present invention ensures the uniformity of the rate of rubber vulcanization crosslinking reaction from the source, avoids the bushing hardness, strength and resilience performance being unqualified due to temperature deviation, stabilizes and improves molding consistency, and ensures the uniformity of rubber crosslinking and molding quality. After vulcanization, the rubber bushing is rapidly cooled. The motor speed is controlled based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, thereby controlling the heat dissipation intensity. This not only speeds up the heat dissipation and improves production efficiency, but also relatively reduces the motor's operating energy consumption, saving costs. The automated heat dissipation has a simple overall structure, low manufacturing cost, and significantly improved heat dissipation speed compared to cooling through fan blades. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lower mold structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lower mold of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the lower mold of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a plan view of the lower mold of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the opening positions of the connecting groove and the inclined groove of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Lower die; 2. Support; 3. Motor; 31. Output shaft; 311. Roller; 32. Rotating shaft; 321. Connecting groove; 322. Inclined groove; 33. Ramp plate; 34. Guide post; 341. Extrusion groove; 35. Deformation groove; 4. Limiting block; 41. Screw block; 42. Extrusion rod; 43. Top shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following detailed, non-limiting description of the technical solution of the present invention, in conjunction with preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings, is provided. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a high-efficiency molding die for a rubber bushing of a shock absorber for electric vehicles, comprising a constant temperature system, an upper die and a lower die 1. The upper die and the lower die 1 are bonded together to form a cavity wall. Multiple temperature sensors are arranged on the cavity wall and inside the bushing rubber layer to collect the cavity surface temperature and the core temperature of the rubber material in real time. The temperature sensors are electrically connected to the constant temperature system. The cavity surface temperature and the core temperature of the rubber material are transmitted into the constant temperature system through signals. The bottom of the lower mold 1 is connected to a support 2. A motor 3 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support 2. An output shaft 31 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 3. A rotating shaft 32 is connected to the upper end of the output shaft 31. An undulating plate 33 is integrally formed on the upper end of the rotating shaft 32. An air cavity is provided at the bottom of the lower mold 1, and the undulating plate 33 is slidably connected in the air cavity. The air cavity is connected to the cavity wall. Air holes are provided on both the left and right sides of the undulating plate 33. A temperature sensor is electrically connected to the motor 3. An insertion hole is provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft 32. The output shaft 31 is inserted into the insertion hole. A connecting groove 321 and an inclined groove 322 are provided on the inner wall of the insertion hole. The connecting groove 321 and the inclined groove 322 are connected to each other. A roller 311 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the output shaft 31. The roller 311 is rotatably connected in the connecting groove 321 and the inclined groove 322. By employing a dual-point, multi-dimensional temperature acquisition structure—combining multi-point temperature sensors on the mold cavity wall with a core temperature sensor inside the rubber compound—precise sensing of the real temperature field throughout the entire vulcanization molding process is achieved. The temperature sensors synchronously transmit real-time analog / digital temperature signals to the constant temperature system. The constant temperature system incorporates an adaptive PID algorithm to perform real-time difference calculations between the acquired temperature and the set vulcanization process temperature. Based on the magnitude of the temperature difference, it dynamically outputs adjustment commands to precisely control the output power, on / off ratio, or heating medium flow rate of the heating circuit. This forms a closed-loop temperature control logic that subtracts the temperature acquisition from the algorithm calculation, then subtracts the power adjustment, and then subtracts the temperature feedback. This strictly limits the vulcanization temperature fluctuation to a very small range, ensuring the uniformity of the rubber vulcanization crosslinking reaction rate from the source. It avoids the bushing hardness, strength, and resilience performance being substandard due to temperature deviations, steadily improving molding consistency and ensuring the uniformity of rubber compound crosslinking and molding quality. Simultaneously, after vulcanization is completed, the mold dissipates heat. The temperature inside the cavity is identified by a temperature sensor, and the speed of motor 3 is controlled according to the temperature. Motor 3 drives roller 311 to rotate around the center of output shaft 31 via output shaft 31, causing roller 311 to roll in connecting groove 321 and inclined groove 322. When rolling in inclined groove 322, axial force is generated, pushing rotating shaft 32 to move upward, and then driving undulating plate 33 to move upward. At this time, the heat inside the cavity is discharged through air holes. After roller 311 rolls to connecting groove 321, the axial force causes rotating shaft 32 to move downward, and drives undulating plate 33 to move downward, squeezing external air into the cavity, thereby replacing the air inside the cavity to quickly dissipate heat from the vulcanized rubber bushing. The speed of motor 3 is controlled according to the temperature identified by the temperature sensor, thereby controlling the heat dissipation intensity. This can not only accelerate the heat dissipation speed and improve production efficiency, but also relatively reduce the operating energy consumption of motor 3, saving costs. It is an automated heat dissipation system with a simple overall structure and low manufacturing cost. Compared with heat dissipation by fan blades, the heat dissipation speed is significantly improved.

[0019] The constant temperature system is used to dynamically adjust the power of the heating circuit through an adaptive PID algorithm, so that the temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±1℃ throughout the vulcanization cycle. The constant temperature system automatically corrects the vulcanization heating rate, holding temperature and holding time based on the real-time temperature difference fed back by the temperature sensor, forming a closed-loop collaborative control. Based on closed-loop temperature control, relying on the real-time temperature difference data between the cavity wall temperature and the rubber core temperature fed back by temperature sensors, the intelligent temperature control unit performs autonomous correction calculations of process parameters. By judging the progress and uniformity of rubber vulcanization crosslinking through temperature difference, it automatically adapts and adjusts the heating rate in the heating stage, the heat preservation temperature value and heat preservation duration in the constant temperature stage, and constructs a collaborative control mechanism that subtracts process parameters from temperature difference and then subtracts vulcanization state. It can dynamically compensate for local temperature unevenness caused by mold heat dissipation, differences in rubber thermal conductivity, and fluctuations in ambient temperature, accurately match the requirements of rubber vulcanization kinetic reaction, and completely eliminate molding defects such as over-vulcanization aging and under-vulcanization incomplete crosslinking in local areas. It achieves full-domain optimization of the vulcanization molding quality of shock absorber rubber bushings and eliminates local over-vulcanization or under-vulcanization defects.

[0020] Two guide pillars 34 are integrally formed on the upper part of the inner wall of the air cavity. The lower end of the two guide pillars 34 is cylindrical and the upper end is conical, and the cylindrical part fits into the air hole. When the undulating plate 33 moves upward, the guide post 34 moves relative to the air hole. Since the upper end of the guide post 34 is conical, as the undulating plate 33 moves upward, the gas above it is discharged through the space between the inner wall of the air hole and the outer wall of the guide post 34, thereby dissipating heat. When the undulating plate 33 moves downward to its reset position, the lower cylindrical part of the guide post 34 fits with the air hole, thus making the upper part of the undulating plate 33 closed, so as to ensure the sealing during subsequent vulcanization molding.

[0021] The connection between the connecting groove 321 and the inclined groove 322 is rounded, and the connecting groove 321 is inclined. When the roller 311 rolls within the connecting groove 321 and the inclined groove 322, the rounded corners at the junction of the connecting groove 321 and the inclined groove 322 improve the smoothness of its rolling motion, thereby further enhancing heat dissipation efficiency. Simultaneously, after entering the connecting groove 321, the inclined shape of the connecting groove allows the roller 311 to smoothly roll back into the inclined groove 322, further improving the smoothness of the heat dissipation process and effectively preventing jamming or stuck-out phenomena. Furthermore, the motor 3 can rotate continuously without intermittent operation, thus achieving greater energy savings.

[0022] The inner walls of the air chamber are integrally formed with limit blocks 4 on both the left and right sides. The inner side of the limit block 4 is provided with a threaded hole, and a screw block 41 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The upper end of the screw block 41 is integrally formed with a pressing rod 42.

[0023] The guide post 34 includes a left post and a right post, and the left post and the right post are attached to form a complete guide post 34. The bottom of the guide post 34 is provided with an extrusion groove 341, which is inclined. The extrusion rod 42 is inserted into the extrusion groove 341. The bottom of the screw block 41 is provided with an internal hexagonal hole. During continuous heat dissipation, wear occurs on the vent and the lower cylindrical part of the guide post 34 after long-term operation. At this time, the operator rotates the screw block 41, causing it to move upward while rotating through the threaded hole of the limit block 4. This drives the extrusion rod 42 to penetrate deeper into the extrusion groove 341. Since the inside of the extrusion groove 341 is inclined, it extrudes the guide post 34 outward, causing the left and right columns of the guide post 34 to expand outward. The lower cylindrical part of the guide post 34 has a higher degree of fit with the vent, resulting in better sealing and ensuring the quality of vulcanization molding. At the same time, the tapered part of the guide post 34 has a larger taper. When the undulating plate 33 moves upward, the gap between the inner wall of the vent and the outer wall of the tapered part of the guide post 34 can be larger, which greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency and relatively reduces the number of up-and-down reciprocating movements of the undulating plate 33. This not only further saves energy but also significantly reduces structural wear and improves the service life of the structure.

[0024] The undulating plate 33 and the rotating shaft 32 are both made of elastic silicone. The inner end of the limiting block 4 is integrally formed with a top shaft 43. The right end of the top shaft 43 contacts the outer surface of the rotating shaft 32. The outer surface of the rotating shaft 32 is conical. When the undulating plate 33 is in the initial position, it is in the vulcanization process. The top shaft 43 holds the rotating shaft 32 in place, thereby preventing the rotating shaft 32 from shaking or rotating, thus improving stability and ensuring sealing. When it is in the heat dissipation process, the top shaft 43 moves downward and then disengages from the rotating shaft 32 because the outer surface of the rotating shaft 32 is conical, so that the top shaft 43 can move up and down more smoothly.

[0025] A deformation groove 35 is provided inside the upper end of the rotating shaft 32; When the guide post 34 expands, the undulating plate 33 is compressed, which at the same time causes the rotating shaft 32 to be subjected to inward force. Since the rotating shaft 32 has a deformation groove 35 inside, the upper end of the rotating shaft 32 deforms inward and the lower end expands outward. The expansion range is very small, but it can also make the roller 311 roll more smoothly in the connecting groove 321 and the inclined groove 322, and the flow of heat dissipation can also be guaranteed.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features, and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency molding die for a rubber bushing of a shock absorber for electric vehicles, comprising a constant temperature system, an upper die, and a lower die (1), characterized in that: The upper mold and the lower mold (1) are bonded together to form a cavity wall, and multiple temperature sensors are arranged on the cavity wall and inside the bushing rubber layer to collect the cavity surface temperature and the core temperature of the rubber material in real time. The temperature sensors are electrically connected to the constant temperature system, and the cavity surface temperature and the core temperature of the rubber material are transmitted into the constant temperature system through signal transmission. The bottom of the lower mold (1) is connected to a support (2), and a motor (3) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support (2). The output end of the motor (3) is fixedly connected to an output shaft (31), and the upper end of the output shaft (31) is connected to a rotating shaft (32). An undulating plate (33) is integrally formed on the upper end of the rotating shaft (32). An air cavity is provided at the bottom of the lower mold (1), and the undulating plate (33) is slidably connected in the air cavity. The air cavity is connected to the cavity wall. The left side of the undulating plate (33) is... Air holes are provided on both sides of the right side. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the motor (3). The bottom of the rotating shaft (32) is provided with a socket. The output shaft (31) is inserted into the socket. The inner wall of the socket is provided with a connecting groove (321) and a slanted groove (322). The connecting groove (321) and the slanted groove (322) are interconnected. The outer wall of the output shaft (31) is rotatably connected with a roller (311). The roller (311) is rotatably connected in the connecting groove (321) and the slanted groove (322).

2. The high-efficiency molding die for a rubber bushing for a shock absorber specifically for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant temperature system is used to dynamically adjust the power of the heating circuit through an adaptive PID algorithm, so that the temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±1℃ throughout the vulcanization cycle. The constant temperature system automatically corrects the vulcanization heating rate, holding temperature and holding time based on the real-time temperature difference fed back by the temperature sensor, forming a closed-loop collaborative control.

3. The high-efficiency molding die for a rubber bushing for a shock absorber specifically for electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two guide pillars (34) are integrally formed on the upper part of the inner wall of the air cavity. The lower end of the two guide pillars (34) is cylindrical and the upper end is conical, and the cylindrical part fits into the air hole.

4. The high-efficiency molding die for a rubber bushing for a shock absorber specifically for electric vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connection between the connecting groove (321) and the inclined groove (322) is rounded, and the connecting groove (321) is inclined.

5. The high-efficiency molding die for a rubber bushing for a shock absorber specifically for electric vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner walls of the air chamber are integrally formed with limit blocks (4) on both the left and right sides. The inner side of the limit block (4) is provided with a threaded hole, and a screw block (41) is threadedly connected in the threaded hole. The upper end of the screw block (41) is integrally formed with an extrusion rod (42).

6. The high-efficiency molding die for a rubber bushing of a shock absorber for electric vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide post (34) includes a left post and a right post, and the left post and the right post are fitted together to form a complete guide post (34). The bottom of the guide post (34) is provided with an extrusion groove (341). The extrusion groove (341) is inclined. The extrusion rod (42) is inserted into the extrusion groove (341). The bottom of the screw block (41) is provided with an internal hexagonal hole.

7. The high-efficiency molding die for a rubber bushing for a shock absorber specifically for electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The undulating plate (33) and the rotating shaft (32) are both made of elastic silicone. The inner end of the limiting block (4) is integrally formed with a top shaft (43). The right end of the top shaft (43) is in contact with the outer surface of the rotating shaft (32). The outer surface of the rotating shaft (32) is conical.

8. The high-efficiency molding die for a rubber bushing of a shock absorber for electric vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the rotating shaft (32) is provided with a deformation groove (35).

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