Contact device applied to railway signal system

Abstract

The invention discloses a contact device applied to a railway signal system, which is different from the usual thinking of the industry, and replaces the conventional repeated contact / separation action of a movable contact and a static contact in a manner of continuously contacting different circumferential areas (conductive areas / insulating areas) in a sliding manner, and is characterized in that a rotating shaft is arranged to synchronously drive an insulator to rotate; the conductive connecting blocks only occupy a local area in the corresponding circumferential direction of the insulator, and each conductive connecting block corresponds to the mounting positions of every two rows of electric brushes in the two rows of electric brushes in sequence, so that the contact ends of the two rows of electric brushes are respectively in elastic pressure contact with the corresponding circumferential surfaces of the conductive connecting blocks all the time; on the corresponding circumferential surface, the conductive connecting block is consistent with the surface of the other area of the insulator in the circumferential direction in height and is in smooth transition, and the electric brush always keeps sliding contact, so that the contact pressure in the rotating process is relatively stable, the conduction contact resistance is reduced, the electric arc is reduced, and the electric service life is prevented from being influenced by electric arc ablation; and frequent inspection and maintenance are not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of railway signaling system technology, specifically to a railway signaling system contact device, which can be applied to switch machines, contact checkers, etc. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial signaling infrastructure in railway turnout switching equipment, the switch machine drives the turnout to switch and lock, ensuring the safety of railway train operation. Electric switch machines use contact components to indicate the turnout's position, including stationary contact groups and moving contact groups. Currently, there are two main structures / methods:

[0003] One type is the insertion (snap-in) type, represented by ZD6, where the moving contact is a cylinder (the contact surface is cylindrical), and the moving contact is a pair of elastic sheet-like copper plates (stationary contact plates) with a gap in between. For example, patent document CN205469117U discloses a balanced redundant contact group for a switch machine, and patent document CN220865422U discloses a constant pressure moving-stationary contact group with an improved double-wing structure. When the switch machine operates, the moving contact support is swung by a cam or elbow, and the moving contact cylinder, like a wedge, forcibly inserts between the two stationary contact plates. The elastic deformation of the stationary contact plates maintains the contact pressure, thus enabling the signal circuit to conduct; when disconnected, the cylinder retracts from between the two plates, thus disconnecting the signal circuit.

[0004] Another type is the face-to-face contact method, represented by the S700K. The moving contact is typically a copper block or a contact head with rollers, mounted on a swing frame. The stationary contact is usually a fixed flat copper busbar or an arc-shaped copper busbar. The moving contact swings between the two stationary contacts under the action of a drive rod. For example, patent document CN106184287A discloses a reinforced contact assembly for a railway turnout switch machine. When closed, one side of the moving contact's contact surface presses face-to-face with the corresponding side of the stationary contact's contact surface (or is pressed tightly by rolling rollers).

[0005] Both of these moving and stationary contact structures have their advantages, but the inventors recognized that the design concept of these two structures is essentially still to disconnect the signal circuit by leaving the moving contact unattended (the moving contact no longer has any physical contact). This results in a large contact resistance during the on / off process and the risk of arcing. Moreover, repeated contact / disconnection actions can affect the reliability of the contact group due to contact fatigue deformation or oxidation, and require frequent inspection and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a contact device for railway signaling systems, which can solve the problems of arc risk, reliability of contact groups affected by contact fatigue deformation or oxidation, and the need for frequent inspection and maintenance in the prior art.

[0007] This application provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A contact device for use in a railway signaling system includes a fixed component and a rotating component;

[0009] The fixing component includes:

[0010] The base is an open structure;

[0011] The top cover is fixedly connected to the base to form a sealed housing;

[0012] Two rows of brushes are fixed inside the top cover; the first row of brushes serves as the positioning stationary contact, and the second row of brushes serves as the reverse stationary contact; each pair of brushes in the same row corresponds to a conducting circuit.

[0013] A conductive wiring assembly is fixed to the upper cover and connected to the wiring terminal of the brush for leading out wiring;

[0014] The main structure of the rotating assembly is a cylindrical insulator located within the sealed housing. The center of the main structure is a rotating shaft, which is positioned within the base via bearings. The drive end of the rotating shaft extends out of the sealed housing. The insulator is fixedly equipped with a conductive connecting block, or multiple conductive connecting blocks are sequentially fixed along the axial direction, with insulating intervals between them. Each conductive connecting block occupies only a partial area in the corresponding circumferential direction of the insulator. Each conductive connecting block corresponds to the installation position of every two rows of brushes in the two rows of brushes, ensuring that the contact ends of the two rows of brushes maintain elastic pressure contact with the corresponding circumferential surface of the conductive connecting block. On the corresponding circumferential surface, the conductive connecting block and the remaining surface area of ​​the insulator in that circumferential direction are of the same height and smoothly transition. The distance between the two rows of brushes is greater than the circumferential length of the contact area of ​​the conductive connecting block.

[0015] The rotating assembly rotates synchronously under the action of the driving mechanism. When it rotates to the point where the conductive connecting block contacts the contact end of the first row of brushes, the positioning circuit is connected. When it rotates to the point where the conductive connecting block no longer contacts the brushes, the circuit is disconnected. When it continues to rotate to the point where the conductive connecting block contacts the contact end of the second row of brushes, the reversal circuit is connected.

[0016] Optionally, the main structure of the rotating assembly includes:

[0017] One or more separator rings are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft. Each separator ring has a through hole in the same area along the axial direction inside its ring surface. Each separator ring is fitted with a conductive connecting block at the through hole, forming a set of assembly rings. The assembly rings have two rows of annular grooves arranged parallel to each other along the circumference, corresponding to the two rows of brushes. The conductive connecting blocks are exposed at the two rows of annular grooves, and the exposed surfaces smoothly transition with the rest of the annular groove surfaces. The contact end of each row of brushes always maintains elastic pressure contact with the bottom of the corresponding annular groove.

[0018] An isolation ring is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and sequentially arranged between adjacent assembly rings;

[0019] Two retaining rings are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and located at the outermost ends of all the separating rings, conductive connecting blocks, and isolation rings; the assembly ring body, isolation ring, and retaining rings are all made of insulating material and are located entirely within the sealed housing; under the action of the driving mechanism, the rotating shaft can drive the assembly ring body, isolation ring, and retaining rings to rotate synchronously.

[0020] Optionally, the cross-section of the annular groove is V-shaped, trapezoidal, or rectangular.

[0021] Optionally, the partition ring, isolation ring, and retaining ring are separate components, or the partition ring, isolation ring, and retaining ring are an integral piece.

[0022] Optionally, the main structure of the rotating assembly includes:

[0023] An annular structure made of insulating material is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft; a conductive connecting block is embedded in the surface of the annular structure, or multiple conductive connecting blocks are sequentially embedded along the axial direction, with the multiple conductive connecting blocks being sequentially insulated from each other; an annular groove is formed in the circumferential area of ​​the annular structure where the conductive connecting block is embedded, or the surface of the circumferential area of ​​the annular structure where the conductive connecting block is embedded is flush with the adjacent surface.

[0024] The annular structural component and conductive connecting block are located entirely within the sealed housing; the rotating shaft, under the action of the driving mechanism, can drive the annular structural component to rotate synchronously.

[0025] Optionally, the brush is a metal wire harness, a metal sheet, or a carbon brush. For a metal wire harness or a metal sheet, its front end serves as the contact end and contacts the corresponding circumferential surface of the conductive connecting block in a bent state to achieve adaptive elastic pressure adjustment. For a carbon brush, its front end serves as the contact end and contacts the corresponding circumferential surface of the conductive connecting block, and the tail end of the carbon brush is fixedly installed on the inside of the upper cover by a spring, and adaptive elastic pressure adjustment is achieved by the spring.

[0026] Further optionally, for the brush of the metal wire harness, the rear part of the metal wire harness is bundled in a brush tube to form a brush module, and the front part of the metal wire harness is exposed; all brush modules are fixedly connected to the inside of the upper cover through a brush holder, or all brush modules are directly fixedly connected to the upper cover.

[0027] Optionally, the cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft is provided with a protruding structure along the axial direction, and each component sleeved on the rotating shaft is provided with a matching recess, forming a circumferential limiting fixation through the matching of the protrusion and recess; the matching limiting fixation of the partition ring, isolation ring and retaining ring prevents the partition ring, isolation ring and retaining ring from rotating relative to the rotating shaft; the bearing mounting position provided on the base forms an axial and radial limiting fixation for each component sleeved on the rotating shaft.

[0028] Optionally, the contact device further includes an angle adapter component, through which the drive mechanism is connected to the drive end of the rotating shaft; the angle adapter component includes an adjusting plate and a follower plate, the follower plate is fixedly connected to the drive end of the rotating shaft, one end of the adjusting plate is connected to the follower plate through a pin and a groove adapted to slide the pin, and the other end of the adjusting plate is used to connect to the output end of the drive mechanism to achieve synchronous drive, and the groove adapted to slide the pin makes the follower-related deflection angle uniquely determined to ensure that the brush and the conductive connecting block make reliable contact according to the set stroke.

[0029] Optionally, the conductive wiring assembly includes a conductive connecting piece and a wiring connecting sleeve located inside the upper cover, and a wiring screw and a washer located outside the upper cover; both ends of the conductive connecting piece are provided with holes, corresponding to the brush and the wiring screw respectively, and the wiring screw passes through the upper cover and is electrically connected to the corresponding brush via the wiring connecting sleeve and the conductive connecting piece.

[0030] Optionally, the base and the top cover are fixedly connected by screws; a protective cover is also provided on the top cover, and the side of the protective cover has openings corresponding to each wiring screw for leading out the wiring.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. This application differs from conventional thinking in the field by replacing the conventional repeated contact / disconnection action with a sliding continuous contact between different circumferential areas (conductive / insulating areas). A rotating shaft synchronously drives the insulator to rotate, and the conductive connecting block occupies only a partial area in the corresponding circumferential direction of the insulator (the remaining areas remain insulated). Each conductive connecting block corresponds to the installation position of every two rows of brushes in two rows of brushes, ensuring that the contact ends of the two rows of brushes maintain elastic pressure contact with the corresponding circumferential surface of the conductive connecting block. Because the conductive connecting block and the remaining surface area of ​​the insulator in that circumferential direction are of the same height and smoothly transition, and the brushes maintain sliding contact, the contact pressure is relatively stable during rotation, reducing the conductive contact resistance and minimizing arcing. This avoids the impact of arc erosion on electrical life and eliminates the need for frequent inspection and maintenance.

[0033] 2. In a preferred embodiment of this application, the rotating shaft synchronously drives the assembly ring body composed of a separator ring and a conductive connecting block. The assembly ring body has two rows of annular grooves arranged parallel to each other circumferentially, corresponding to two rows of brushes respectively. The conductive connecting blocks are exposed at the two rows of annular grooves, with the exposed surface (equivalent to the moving contact) smoothly transitioning to the rest of the annular groove surface. The contact end of each row of brushes maintains elastic pressure contact with the bottom of the corresponding annular groove. Two brushes in the same row within the two rows of annular grooves belong to the same conductive circuit (connected by the same conductive connecting block), while two brushes in a single row of annular grooves belong to different conductive circuits (positioning and reversing). The distance between the two rows of brushes is greater than the circumferential length of the exposed area of ​​the conductive connecting block (aimed at ensuring that the two rows of brushes do not simultaneously contact the conductive connecting block, meeting the stroke requirements for positioning, repulsion, and reversing). The grooves can constrain the brush contact area, preventing mis-conduction and thus ensuring the safer and more reliable operation of the contact device.

[0034] 3. The brush structure designed in the preferred embodiment of this application can perform adaptive elastic pressure adjustment when the brush is slightly worn, so that the contact pressure is stable during rotation and the life of the brush and the conductive connecting block is extended; in particular, the wire harness composed of multi-strand metal wires is always in reliable contact with the V-shaped groove "multi-wire" in a bent state (and may even contact not only the bottom of the groove, but also the inner side of the groove), which increases the contact area between the brush and the conductive connecting block.

[0035] 4. In a preferred embodiment of this application, by setting an angle adaptation component, the deflection stroke of the output shaft (usually a spline shaft) of the existing drive mechanism can be adapted. For example, the adjustment plate has a small rotation angle and the follower plate has a large rotation angle. By moving the pin at the upper end of the adjustment plate along the slot on the follower plate, the rotation angle of the adjustment plate is adaptively amplified, so that the follower-related deflection angle is uniquely determined, thereby ensuring that the brush and the conductive connecting block make reliable contact according to the set stroke.

[0036] 5. In a preferred embodiment of this application, the contact device adopts a sealed structure as a whole. The retaining ring, the separating ring, the conductive connecting block and the isolation ring can be easily assembled in sequence, making it easy to install and disassemble. Furthermore, due to the stable contact pressure of the brush, it is maintenance-free, requires no debugging and has a long service life. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more intuitively illustrate the prior art and this application, exemplary drawings are provided below. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the drawings should not generally be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing this application; for example, based on the technical concept disclosed in this application and the exemplary drawings, those skilled in the art are able to easily make conventional adjustments or further optimizations to the addition / reduction / classification, specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, size ratios, etc. of certain units (components).

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the protective cover installed according to one embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner side of the top cover in one embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the top cover from another perspective in one embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram (top view) of the base and its internal mounting structure in one embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A partial sectional view of the embodiment shown;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram (sectional view) of the rotating component in one embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 8 This is a magnified schematic diagram showing the contact between the brush and the V-groove.

[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the corner adapter component used in one embodiment of this application (applicable to a tight fit checker).

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting plate in the angle adapter component used in another embodiment of this application (applicable to switch machines, the follower plate can be connected with...). Figure 9 The structures shown are the same, but are not drawn.

[0048] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the states of the present application in one embodiment when it is in the positioning conduction, repulsion, and reverse position conduction states.

[0049] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment (carbon brush solution) of this application.

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0051] 1. Base; 2. Top cover; 3. Brush; 301. Metal wire harness; 302. Brush tube; 4. Brush holder; 5. Rotating shaft; 501. Flat key; 6. Bearing; 7. Separating ring; 8. Conductive connecting block; 9. Isolating ring; 10. Retaining ring; 11. Annular groove; 12. Pulley pin; 13. Adjusting plate; 14. Follower plate; 1401. Rotating shaft mounting hole; 1402. Strip-shaped slot hole; 15. Elastic cylindrical pin; 16. Conductive connecting plate; 17. Wiring connection sleeve; 18. Wiring screw; 19. Washer; 20. Protective cover; 21. Carbon brush; 22. Spring; 23. Sealing ring;

[0052] 3a. First row of brushes; 3b. Second row of brushes. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0054] In the description of this application: unless otherwise stated, the terms "first", "second", etc. are intended to distinguish the objects referred to, and do not have any special meaning in terms of technical connotation (e.g., should not be construed as an emphasis on importance or order); "multiple" means two or more; expressions such as "including", "comprising", "having" also mean "not limited to" (certain units, components, materials, etc.).

[0055] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a contact device for use in a railway signaling system includes a fixed component and a rotating component;

[0056] The fixed components include:

[0057] Base 1, base 1 is an open structure;

[0058] The upper cover 2 is fixedly connected to the base 1 to form a sealed shell;

[0059] Two rows of brushes 3 are fixed inside the upper cover 2; the first row of brushes 3a serves as the positioning stationary contact, and the second row of brushes 3b serves as the reverse stationary contact; each pair of brushes 3 in the same row corresponds to a conductive circuit; the term "brush" in this application is not entirely equivalent to the brush (carbon brush) in the field of motors, but is a figurative expression intended to indicate that it has conductivity and contacts the target plane like a brush (e.g., a bristle brush, a brush plate, a brush-shaped grinding block, etc.), thus covering a wider range of forms and structures.

[0060] The conductive wiring assembly is fixed to the upper cover 2 and connected to the wiring terminal of the brush 3 for leading out the wiring.

[0061] The main structure of the rotating assembly is a cylindrical insulator located inside a sealed housing. The center of the main structure is a rotating shaft 5, which is positioned within the base 1 via corresponding bearings 6. The drive end of the rotating shaft 5 extends out of the sealed housing. One or more conductive connecting blocks 8 are fixedly mounted on the insulator, or sequentially mounted axially. These conductive connecting blocks 8 are spaced apart with insulation. Each conductive connecting block 8 occupies only a partial area in the corresponding circumferential direction of the insulator. Each conductive connecting block 8 corresponds to the installation position of each pair of brushes in the two rows of brushes, ensuring that the contact ends of the two rows of brushes maintain elastic pressure contact with the corresponding circumferential surface of the conductive connecting block 8. The conductive connecting block 8 smoothly transitions to the remaining circumferential surface of the insulator. The distance between the first row of brushes 3a and the second row of brushes 3b is greater than the circumferential length of the contactable area (the conductive area that the brushes can contact) of the conductive connecting block 8.

[0062] like Figure 11 As shown, the rotating assembly rotates synchronously under the action of the driving mechanism. When the conductive connecting block 8 contacts the contact end of the first row of brushes 3a, the positioning circuit is connected. When the rotation is reversed until the conductive connecting block 8 no longer contacts the brushes 3, the circuit is disconnected. When the rotation continues until the conductive connecting block 8 contacts the contact end of the second row of brushes 3b, the reversing circuit is connected.

[0063] The contact points of a contact checker are usually in two sets, while those of a switch machine are usually in three sets. Some devices, however, may only have one set of contacts. Therefore, the number of conductive connection blocks can be designed to match the actual number of contact sets required, typically in the form of two or three blocks, each corresponding to a set of contacts on the contact checker or switch machine. When only one set of contacts is needed, only one conductive connection block is required.

[0064] As can be seen, this embodiment differs from conventional thinking in the field by replacing the conventional repeated contact / disconnection action with a sliding continuous contact between different circumferential areas (conductive / insulating areas). A rotating shaft synchronously drives the insulator to rotate, and the conductive connecting block occupies only a partial area in the corresponding circumferential direction of the insulator (the remaining areas remain insulated). Each conductive connecting block corresponds to the installation position of every two rows of brushes in the two rows of brushes, ensuring that the contact ends of the two rows of brushes maintain elastic pressure contact with the corresponding circumferential surface of the conductive connecting block. Because the conductive connecting block and the remaining surface area of ​​the insulator in that circumferential direction are of the same height and smoothly transition, and the brushes maintain sliding contact, the contact pressure is relatively stable during rotation, reducing the conductive contact resistance and minimizing arcing. This avoids the impact of arc erosion on electrical life and eliminates the need for frequent inspection and maintenance.

[0065] For the aforementioned insulator, one or multiple conductive connecting blocks are fixedly installed or sequentially fixed along the axial direction. Specifically, in this embodiment, the main structure of the rotating assembly includes:

[0066] Three separator rings 7 are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 5. Each separator ring 7 has a through hole in the same area along the axial direction inside its ring surface. A conductive connecting block 8 is fitted into the through hole of each separator ring 7, forming a set of assembly rings. The assembly rings have two rows of annular grooves 11 arranged parallel to each other along the circumference, corresponding to two rows of brushes 3. The conductive connecting blocks 8 are exposed at the two rows of annular grooves 11, and the exposed surfaces are smoothly transitioned to the rest of the surface of the annular grooves 11. The contact end of each row of brushes 3 always maintains elastic pressure contact with the bottom of the corresponding annular groove 11.

[0067] Two isolation rings 9 are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 5 and are arranged sequentially between each adjacent assembly ring body; if there is only one partition ring 7 (corresponding to the case where the contact device only needs one set of contacts), the isolation ring 9 can be omitted. Correspondingly, the two sides of this partition ring are directly adjacent to the two retaining rings respectively. This situation should also be considered as the scope of protection of this application.

[0068] Two retaining rings 10 are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 5 and located at the outermost ends of all the separating rings 7, conductive connecting blocks 8 and isolation rings 9; the assembly ring body, isolation rings 9 and retaining rings 10 are all made of insulating material and are located inside the sealed housing; under the action of the driving mechanism, the rotating shaft 5 can drive the assembly ring body, isolation rings 9 and retaining rings 10 to rotate synchronously.

[0069] In the above embodiments, the partition ring 7, the isolation ring 9, and the retaining ring 10 are separate components;

[0070] In other embodiments, the partition ring 7, the isolation ring 9, and the retaining ring 10 can also be integrated as a single piece, and even the rotating shaft 5 can be integrated as a single piece with the partition ring 7, the isolation ring 9, and the retaining ring 10.

[0071] In this embodiment, the brush and conductive connecting block are made of wear-resistant, highly conductive metal, and the separator ring is made of highly insulating material. The brush maintains a stable and reliable contact with the conductive connecting block and separator ring through elastic pressure. The contact between the brush and the conductive connecting block is the core mechanism for conducting electrical energy at the contact point.

[0072] In this preferred embodiment, the rotating shaft synchronously drives the assembly ring body, which consists of a separator ring and a conductive connecting block. The assembly ring body has two rows of annular grooves arranged parallel to each other circumferentially, corresponding to two rows of brushes. The conductive connecting blocks are exposed at the two rows of annular grooves, with their exposed surfaces (equivalent to moving contact tips) smoothly transitioning to the rest of the annular groove surface. The contact ends of each row of brushes maintain elastic pressure contact with the bottom of the corresponding annular groove. Two brushes in the same row within two rows of annular grooves belong to the same conductive circuit (connected by the same conductive connecting block), while two brushes in a single row of annular grooves belong to different conductive circuits (positioning and reversing). The distance between the two rows of brushes is greater than the circumferential length of the exposed area of ​​the conductive connecting block (to ensure that the two rows of brushes do not simultaneously contact the conductive connecting block, meeting the stroke requirements for positioning, repulsion, and reversing). The annular grooves 11 can constrain the brush contact area, preventing mis-conduction and thus ensuring the safer and more reliable operation of the contact device.

[0073] In this embodiment, the brush 3 is specifically a metal wire harness 301.

[0074] In other embodiments, the brush 3 may also be a metal sheet or a carbon brush.

[0075] For the metal wire harness 301 or the metal sheet, its front part serves as the contact end and contacts the corresponding circumferential surface of the conductive connection block 8 in a bent state to achieve adaptive elastic pressure adjustment.

[0076] For carbon brush 21, its front part serves as the contact end, contacting the corresponding circumferential surface of the conductive connecting block 8 (the lower end face of the carbon brush can be a matching arc surface). The tail of carbon brush 21 is fixedly installed inside the upper cover 2 by a spring 22, and adaptive elastic pressure adjustment is achieved through the spring 22. Figure 12 As shown.

[0077] The metal sheet and carbon brush 21 can be rectangular, trapezoidal, or other shapes.

[0078] In all the embodiments described above, the brush can also perform adaptive elastic pressure adjustment when it experiences minor wear, which stabilizes the contact pressure during rotation and extends the lifespan of the brush and the conductive connecting block.

[0079] In the various embodiments described above, the cross-section of the annular groove 11 can be V-shaped, trapezoidal, rectangular, etc. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the V-groove is particularly suitable for metal wire harnesses 301. The wire harness, composed of multiple strands of metal wires, is in a bent state and always reliably contacts the "multi-wire" V-groove (and may even contact not only the bottom of the groove, but also the inner side of the groove), which also increases the contact area between the brush and the conductive connecting block. For metal sheets and carbon brushes 21, the annular groove 11 is usually preferably a trapezoidal or rectangular groove.

[0080] For the aforementioned insulator with one or multiple conductive connecting blocks fixedly installed along the axial direction, specifically, in another embodiment, the main structure of the rotating assembly can be modified to: an annular structural member of insulating material, fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft; a conductive connecting block is embedded in the surface of the annular structural member, or multiple conductive connecting blocks are embedded in sequence along the axial direction, with the multiple conductive connecting blocks being sequentially insulated from each other; an annular groove is formed in the circumferential area of ​​the annular structural member where the conductive connecting block is embedded, or the surface of the circumferential area of ​​the annular structural member where the conductive connecting block is embedded is flush with the adjacent surface; in this embodiment, the width of each conductive connecting block is equal to the width of the "ring" (the circumferential area of ​​the annular structural member where the conductive connecting block is embedded); the annular structural member and the conductive connecting blocks are located entirely within the sealed housing; under the action of the driving mechanism, the rotating shaft can drive the annular structural member to rotate synchronously. The working principle is the same as in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0081] In the various embodiments described above, the annular groove 11 mainly serves to constrain the contact area of ​​the brush 3 and prevent mis-conduction. Therefore, theoretically, the groove may not be provided, especially for brushes 3 in the form of carbon brushes 21, metal sheets, etc., where the conductive area and the insulating area can even be flush. For metal wire harness 301, it is also possible as long as the conductive area / insulating area has sufficient safety width.

[0082] The specific structure and installation method of the brush for metal wire harness 301 are as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the rear part of the metal wire harness 301 is bundled in a brush tube 302 to form a brush module, and the front part of the metal wire harness 301 is exposed; all brush modules are fixedly connected to the inside of the upper cover 2 through a brush holder 4, or all brush modules are directly fixedly connected to the upper cover 2 (the brush holder 4 itself can also be an integral part of the upper cover, which is equivalent to the brush module being directly fixed to the upper cover).

[0083] Considering that the metal wire harness 301 (e.g., multi-strand copper wire) usually has sufficient strength and toughness, the front part of the metal wire harness here is equivalent to most of the metal wire harness 301; theoretically, the brush tube 302 can even be omitted, and the tail part of the metal wire harness 301 can be directly welded and fixed.

[0084] Regarding the fixing method of each component on the rotating shaft 5, it can be specifically as follows:

[0085] The cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft 5 has a protruding structure along the axial direction, and each component sleeved on the rotating shaft 5 has a matching recess. The circumferential limiting and fixing are formed by the matching of the concave and convex parts. The matching limiting and fixing of the partition ring 7, the isolation ring 9, and the retaining ring 10 prevents the partition ring 7, the isolation ring 9, and the retaining ring 10 from rotating relative to the rotating shaft 5. The bearing mounting position on the base 1 forms axial and radial limiting and fixing for each component sleeved on the rotating shaft 5.

[0086] Among them, the specific form of the protruding structure is, for example, the flat key 501. Of course, other methods such as pins can also be used for fixing.

[0087] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown in the above embodiments, the contact device further includes an angle adapter component. The drive mechanism is connected to the drive end of the rotating shaft 5 through the angle adapter component. The angle adapter component includes an adjusting plate 13 and a follower plate 14. The follower plate 14 is fixedly connected to the drive end of the rotating shaft 5. One end of the adjusting plate 13 is connected to the follower plate 14 through a pin 12 and a groove adapted to slide the pin 12. The other end of the adjusting plate 13 is used to connect to the output end of the drive mechanism to achieve synchronous drive. The groove adapted to slide the pin 12 makes the follower-related deflection angle uniquely determined, so as to ensure that the brush 3 and the conductive connecting block 8 make reliable contact according to the set stroke.

[0088] Specifically, the mating structure between the pin 12 and the groove adapted to slide the pin 12 can be configured such that the pin 12 is provided at one end of the adjusting plate 13, and a groove adapted to slide the pin 12 is formed on the follower plate 14 (e.g., Figure 9 The strip-shaped slot 1402 shown can also be slotted on the adjusting plate, and a pin 12 can be provided on the follower plate 14, such as... Figure 10 The pin and adjusting plate or follower plate can also be a single piece. Depending on the actual needs, the groove can be straight, curved, or other shapes.

[0089] The specific method of fixing the follower plate 14 to the drive end of the rotating shaft 5 is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the follower plate 14 is connected to the rotating shaft 5 at the rotating shaft mounting hole 1401. A flexible cylindrical pin 15 is also installed at the rotating shaft mounting hole 1401 of the follower plate 14, passing radially through the follower plate 14 and the rotating shaft 5. Other fixed connection methods can also be used, such as using threaded fasteners for fixed connection in the radial direction.

[0090] like Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the specific structure of the conductive wiring assembly may include a conductive connecting piece 16 and a wiring connecting sleeve 17 located inside the upper cover 2, and a wiring screw 18 and a washer 19 located outside the upper cover 2; both ends of the conductive connecting piece 16 are provided with holes, corresponding to the brush 3 and the wiring screw 18 respectively. The wiring screw 18 passes through the upper cover 2 and is electrically connected to the corresponding brush 3 via the wiring connecting sleeve 17 (which is also made of conductive material) and the conductive connecting piece 16.

[0091] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the base 1 and the top cover 2 can be fixedly connected by screws; a protective cover 20 can also be provided on the top cover 2, and the side of the protective cover 20 has an opening for leading out the wiring (corresponding to each wiring screw 18).

[0092] In addition, oil injection holes and oil drainage holes can be opened on the sealed housing to make it an oil-immersed device.

[0093] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way (as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features). For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described; these embodiments not explicitly written should also be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A contact device for use in a railway signaling system, characterized in that, Includes fixed components and rotating components; The fixing component includes: The base is an open structure; The top cover is fixedly connected to the base to form a sealed housing; Two rows of brushes are fixed to the inside of the upper cover; the first row of brushes serves as the positioning stationary contact, and the second row of brushes serves as the reverse stationary contact; each pair of brushes in the same row corresponds to a conducting circuit. A conductive wiring assembly is fixed to the upper cover and connected to the wiring terminal of the brush for leading out wiring; The main structure of the rotating assembly is a cylindrical insulator located within the sealed housing. The center of the main structure is a rotating shaft, which is positioned within the base via bearings. The drive end of the rotating shaft extends out of the sealed housing. The insulator is fixedly equipped with a conductive connecting block, or multiple conductive connecting blocks are sequentially fixed along the axial direction, with insulating intervals between them. Each conductive connecting block occupies only a partial area in the corresponding circumferential direction of the insulator. Each conductive connecting block corresponds to the installation position of every two rows of brushes in the two rows of brushes, ensuring that the contact ends of the two rows of brushes maintain elastic pressure contact with the corresponding circumferential surface of the conductive connecting block. On the corresponding circumferential surface, the conductive connecting block and the remaining surface area of ​​the insulator in that circumferential direction are of the same height and smoothly transition. The distance between the two rows of brushes is greater than the circumferential length of the contact area of ​​the conductive connecting block. The rotating assembly rotates synchronously under the action of the driving mechanism. When it rotates to the point where the conductive connecting block contacts the contact end of the first row of brushes, the positioning circuit is connected. When it rotates to the point where the conductive connecting block no longer contacts the brushes, the circuit is disconnected. When it continues to rotate to the point where the conductive connecting block contacts the contact end of the second row of brushes, the reversing circuit is connected.

2. The contact device for railway signaling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main structure of the rotating assembly includes: One or more separator rings are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft. Each separator ring has a through hole in the same area along the axial direction inside its ring surface. Each separator ring is fitted with a conductive connecting block at the through hole, forming a set of assembly rings. The assembly rings have two rows of annular grooves arranged parallel to each other along the circumference, corresponding to the two rows of brushes. The conductive connecting blocks are exposed at the two rows of annular grooves, and the exposed surfaces smoothly transition with the rest of the annular groove surfaces. The contact end of each row of brushes always maintains elastic pressure contact with the bottom of the corresponding annular groove. An isolation ring is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and sequentially arranged between adjacent assembly rings; Two retaining rings are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and located at the outermost ends of all the separating rings, conductive connecting blocks, and isolation rings; the assembly ring body, isolation ring, and retaining rings are all made of insulating material and are located entirely within the sealed housing; under the action of the driving mechanism, the rotating shaft can drive the assembly ring body, isolation ring, and retaining rings to rotate synchronously.

3. The contact device for railway signaling systems according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-section of the annular groove is V-shaped, trapezoidal, or rectangular.

4. The contact device for railway signaling systems according to claim 2, characterized in that, The partition ring, isolation ring, and retaining ring are separate components, or the partition ring, isolation ring, and retaining ring are an integral piece.

5. The contact device for railway signaling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main structure of the rotating assembly includes: An annular structure made of insulating material is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft; a conductive connecting block is embedded in the surface of the annular structure, or multiple conductive connecting blocks are sequentially embedded along the axial direction, with the multiple conductive connecting blocks being sequentially insulated from each other; an annular groove is formed in the circumferential area of ​​the annular structure where the conductive connecting block is embedded, or the surface of the circumferential area of ​​the annular structure where the conductive connecting block is embedded is flush with the adjacent surface. The annular structural component and conductive connecting block are located entirely within the sealed housing; the rotating shaft, under the action of the driving mechanism, can drive the annular structural component to rotate synchronously.

6. The contact device for railway signaling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brush is made of metal wire harness, metal sheet, or carbon brush. For metal wire harness or metal sheet, its front part serves as the contact end and contacts the corresponding circumferential surface of the conductive connecting block in a bent state to achieve adaptive elastic pressure adjustment. For carbon brush, its front part serves as the contact end and contacts the corresponding circumferential surface of the conductive connecting block, and the tail of the carbon brush is fixedly installed on the inside of the upper cover by a spring, and adaptive elastic pressure adjustment is achieved by the spring.

7. The contact device for railway signaling systems according to claim 6, characterized in that, For brushes with metal wire harnesses, the rear part of the metal wire harness is bundled into a brush tube to form a brush module, and the front part of the metal wire harness is exposed; all brush modules are fixedly connected to the inside of the upper cover through a brush holder, or all brush modules are directly fixedly connected to the upper cover.

8. The contact device for railway signaling systems according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft has a protruding structure along the axial direction, and each component sleeved on the rotating shaft has a matching recess. The circumferential limiting and fixing are formed by the matching of the protrusions and recesses. The limiting and fixing of the partition ring, isolation ring and retaining ring are such that the partition ring, isolation ring and retaining ring cannot rotate relative to the rotating shaft. The bearing mounting position on the base forms axial and radial limiting and fixing for each component sleeved on the rotating shaft.

9. The contact device for railway signaling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact device also includes an angle adapter component. The drive mechanism is connected to the drive end of the rotating shaft through the angle adapter component. The angle adapter component includes an adjusting plate and a follower plate. The follower plate is fixedly connected to the drive end of the rotating shaft. One end of the adjusting plate is connected to the follower plate through a pin and a groove adapted to slide the pin. The other end of the adjusting plate is used to connect to the output end of the drive mechanism to achieve synchronous drive. The groove adapted to slide the pin makes the follower-related deflection angle uniquely determined to ensure reliable contact between the brush and the conductive connecting block according to the set stroke.

10. The contact device for a railway signaling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive wiring assembly includes a conductive connecting piece and a wiring connecting sleeve located inside the upper cover, and a wiring screw and a washer located outside the upper cover; both ends of the conductive connecting piece are provided with holes, corresponding to the brush and the wiring screw respectively; the wiring screw passes through the upper cover and is electrically connected to the corresponding brush via the wiring connecting sleeve and the conductive connecting piece.

11. The contact device for a railway signaling system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The base and the top cover are fixedly connected by screws; a protective cover is also provided on the top cover, and the side of the protective cover has openings corresponding to each wiring screw for leading out the wiring.

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