Assembly type prefabricated part hoisting alignment device

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly type prefabricated part hoisting alignment device which comprises a hoisting frame and a hoisting assembly arranged below the hoisting frame, a longitudinal sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the hoisting frame in a sliding mode in the longitudinal direction, and a transverse sliding block sliding in the transverse direction is arranged at the bottom of the longitudinal sliding block; the bottom of the transverse sliding block is fixedly connected with the hanging assembly; first hydraulic adjusting assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the longitudinal sliding block, and second hydraulic adjusting assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the transverse sliding block. According to the invention, a coarse positioning and fine tuning coordinated alignment system is constructed, rapid deviation convergence is realized and stable constraint is formed by the import positioning mechanism, and final alignment is completed by the fine tuning mechanism in a small stroke range, so that the alignment process is converted from experience-dependent repeated tentative detection into a control process which can be executed in a flow manner, the alignment difficulty is reduced, and the alignment precision is improved. And the working efficiency is improved, and the alignment consistency of different persons under different working conditions is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of prefabricated component assembly technology, and in particular to a prefabricated component hoisting and alignment device. Background Technology

[0002] In prefabricated building construction, precast components are typically hoisted to their installation positions using lifting equipment, and the alignment of holes, tenons, slots, or connectors is completed. Due to factors such as the component's own weight, lifting point position errors, sling sway, and wind load disturbances, longitudinal and lateral offsets and small-angle torsional swaying are prone to occur during the lowering process. Current on-site methods often employ visual alignment combined with crowbars, traction ropes, and temporary pads for correction. This not only requires multiple people to work together, but also carries the risk of swaying, collisions, and pinching injuries due to repeated pushing and pulling while the component is suspended. Furthermore, the alignment efficiency is significantly affected by the experience of the personnel.

[0003] To reduce alignment difficulty, some solutions involve setting guide rods and guide holes or guide sleeves on components or bases for lowering and guiding to achieve coarse positioning. While this type of structure can reduce the alignment range, its ability to eliminate residual offset is limited, especially when the hole gaps are small or the component needs to be aligned with multiple connectors simultaneously, still requiring repeated manual fine-tuning. Another approach involves using lead screws or jacks to achieve small-range adjustments, but this usually requires additional support points or temporary clamps. Under load, the adjustment resistance is high, and longitudinal and lateral adjustments can easily interfere with each other, leading to repeated trial adjustments and increasing the workload of on-site setup and maintenance.

[0004] In scenarios involving the continuous stacking and assembly of prefabricated components of the same specifications, the next component often requires approximately the same amount of fine-tuning after the previous component has been aligned. Existing technologies typically lack methods for maintaining and reproducing these fine-tuning adjustments, requiring repeated trial adjustments and measurements each time. This is not only time-consuming but also significantly affected by the operator's behavior, thus still resulting in problems such as low alignment efficiency, excessive repetitive work, and insufficient consistency in continuous assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a hoisting and alignment device for prefabricated components, including a hoisting frame and a hoisting assembly disposed below the hoisting frame.

[0006] The bottom of the hoisting frame is provided with a longitudinal sliding block that slides longitudinally, and the bottom of the longitudinal sliding block is provided with a transverse sliding block that slides laterally. The bottom of the transverse sliding block is connected and fixed to the hoisting assembly.

[0007] The longitudinal sliding block is provided with a first hydraulic adjustment component on both sides, and the transverse sliding block is provided with a second hydraulic adjustment component on both sides.

[0008] The first hydraulic adjustment assembly and the second hydraulic adjustment assembly both include a hydraulic sleeve, a drive rod, a fixed ring, a reset elastic element, a main control push rod and a drive piston. The reset elastic element is fixed in the hydraulic sleeve by the fixed ring, and one end of the drive rod is movably sleeved in the hydraulic sleeve and connected to the reset elastic element. The hydraulic cavity of the hydraulic sleeve is connected to a displacement memory reverse thrust assembly.

[0009] The two sides of the longitudinal sliding block are fixedly connected to the drive rod on the first hydraulic adjustment assembly, the two sides of the transverse sliding block are fixedly connected to the drive rod in the second hydraulic adjustment assembly, the free end of the main control push rod is fixedly connected to the drive piston, the drive piston and the drive rod together form an oil-filled sealed cavity in the hydraulic sleeve, and the main control push rod is used to control the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic sleeve.

[0010] The hoisting frame is provided with guide jacket structures on both sides, and the guide jacket structure includes a guide horn cover and a guide vertical cylinder fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide horn cover;

[0011] It also includes an adjustable positioning mechanism, which includes a guide rod;

[0012] During hoisting and lowering, the guide rod is guided through the guide horn cover and inserted into the guide vertical cylinder to complete the coarse positioning. After the coarse positioning is completed, the hoisting assembly is driven by the first hydraulic adjustment component and the second hydraulic adjustment component to make fine adjustments to the longitudinal and lateral offsets.

[0013] Preferably, the guide horn cover is a conical guide structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and is coaxially connected with the guide vertical cylinder. During the lowering process, the guide rod slides along the inner wall of the guide horn cover to self-correct and then inserts into the guide vertical cylinder. The guide outer sleeve structure also includes a fixing block, which is fixed on both sides of the hoisting frame, and the guide vertical cylinder is fixedly sleeved in the fixing block.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustable positioning mechanism further includes a stabilizing plate and a spacing adjustment component disposed on the stabilizing plate. The spacing adjustment component is used to adjust the installation spacing between the stabilizing plate and the area to be assembled. The guide rod is fixed to the top of the stabilizing plate.

[0015] Preferably, the spacing adjustment component includes a support plate and an adjustment rod that is threadedly engaged with the support plate. The adjustment rod has scale markings on its outer side, and one end of the adjustment rod is used to abut against the side of the base of the prefabricated component to be assembled.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom of the hoisting frame is provided with a first sliding chamber, and the longitudinal sliding block is slidably disposed in the first sliding chamber and limited and guided by the cavity wall of the first sliding chamber; the bottom of the longitudinal sliding block is provided with a second sliding chamber, and the transverse sliding block is slidably disposed in the second sliding chamber and limited and guided by the cavity wall of the second sliding chamber, so that the longitudinal sliding block moves only longitudinally and the transverse sliding block moves only transversely.

[0017] Preferably, the hydraulic sleeves of the two first hydraulic adjustment components are fixedly installed on both sides of the hoisting frame, and the hydraulic sleeves of the two second hydraulic adjustment components are fixedly installed on both sides of the longitudinal sliding block.

[0018] Preferably, the displacement memory reverse push assembly includes a connecting cylinder, a limiting ring, a small piston, a spring, an opening and closing valve, and a setting push rod;

[0019] Each hydraulic sleeve in the first and second hydraulic adjustment components is connected to a connecting cylinder. The limiting ring is fixedly installed inside the connecting cylinder. The small piston slides inside the connecting cylinder and is connected to a spring. The opening and closing valve is installed at the connecting end of the connecting cylinder and the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic sleeve. The set push rod is installed at the outer end of the connecting cylinder to push the small piston.

[0020] Preferably, the on / off valve is an electromagnetic on / off valve.

[0021] A method for hoisting and aligning prefabricated components includes the following steps:

[0022] S1 Coarse Positioning: During hoisting and lowering, the hoisting frame is coarsely positioned to the position where the guide rod is inserted into the guide sleeve structure by using the cooperation of the guide rod and the guide horn cover;

[0023] S2 Fine Adjustment: The first hydraulic adjustment component on one side of the longitudinal sliding block is activated as the driving side, and drives the longitudinal sliding block to move, so that the lifting component can adjust the longitudinal displacement. The second hydraulic adjustment component on one side of the transverse sliding block is activated as the driving side, and drives the transverse sliding block to move, so that the lifting component can adjust the transverse displacement, thus completing the fine adjustment of the longitudinal and transverse offset. During this process, the non-driving side valve of the first hydraulic adjustment component and the non-driving side valve of the second hydraulic adjustment component are kept open, so that the hydraulic oil in the non-driving side hydraulic sleeve is passively squeezed and flows into the corresponding displacement memory back push component for temporary storage.

[0024] S3 memory storage: During the reset stage of continuous upward stacking assembly of prefabricated components of the same specification, the position of the main control push rod on the drive side remains unchanged, the valves on the drive side of the first hydraulic adjustment component and the second hydraulic adjustment component are opened, and the elastic potential energy released by the reset elastic element on the drive side is used to drive the longitudinal sliding block and the transverse sliding block to reset and center, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic sleeve on the drive side is squeezed into the corresponding displacement memory reverse push component for temporary storage.

[0025] S4 Automatic Reproduction: After the subsequent components complete the coarse positioning, the displacement memory back-push components driven by the first and second hydraulic adjustment components are driven to push the hydraulic oil temporarily stored in the connecting cylinder back into their respective hydraulic sleeves to reproduce the fine adjustment amount of the previous component.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0027] 1. This invention constructs a coarse positioning and fine adjustment coordination system. First, the positioning mechanism achieves rapid convergence of deviation and forms a stable constraint. Then, the fine adjustment mechanism completes the final alignment within a small stroke range. This transforms the alignment process from repeated trial and error based on experience into a process that can be executed in a streamlined manner, thereby reducing the difficulty of alignment, improving work efficiency, and enhancing the alignment consistency of different personnel under different working conditions.

[0028] 2. This invention adopts a sliding fine-tuning structure with longitudinal and transverse orthogonal decoupling, and achieves directional independent displacement output through symmetrically arranged adjustment components. This allows the adjustment process to gradually approach the target position as a single variable, reducing over-adjustment and repeated correction caused by directional coupling, thereby reducing the number of trial adjustments, improving the stability and controllability of the alignment process, and making it more suitable for assembly conditions with small gap connections and simultaneous alignment of multiple points.

[0029] 3. This invention uses a push rod input to drive the piston to form a hydraulic output, which acts on the drive rod to achieve micro-displacement adjustment. The output is continuous, controllable, and easy to maintain. In conjunction with the reset elastic element, a centering reference is formed, so that the fine-tuning process has a stable drive and a repeatable starting state. This reduces the dependence of the temporary jacking tool on the support conditions, improves the stability of the fine-tuning output, and enhances the adaptability to field load disturbances and attitude changes.

[0030] 4. This invention sets up a displacement memory reverse push component and realizes oil quantity temporary storage and reverse push reproduction through valve control. This allows the effective fine adjustment amount formed by the previous component to be retained after resetting back to center and quickly reproduced after the subsequent component completes coarse positioning. This transforms the trial adjustment link in repetitive assembly into a reusable device capability, shortens the single-piece alignment time of repetitive operations, improves the consistency of continuous stacking assembly, and reduces the impact of operator differences on assembly quality and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a partial transverse sectional view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the longitudinal sliding block and the first hydraulic adjustment component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the transverse sliding block and the longitudinal sliding block of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6This is a cross-sectional view of the first hydraulic adjustment component and the displacement memory reverse thrust component of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the second hydraulic adjustment component and the displacement memory reverse propulsion component of the present invention.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Lifting frame; 2. Lifting assembly; 3. Longitudinal sliding block; 4. Lateral sliding block; 5. First hydraulic adjustment assembly; 6. Second hydraulic adjustment assembly; 7. Hydraulic sleeve; 8. Displacement memory reverse thrust assembly; 801. Connecting cylinder; 802. Limiting ring; 803. Small piston; 804. Spring; 805. Opening and closing valve; 806. Setting push rod; 9. Guide jacket structure; 901. Fixing block; 902. Guide vertical cylinder; 903. Guide horn cover; 10. Adjustable positioning mechanism; 101. Stabilizing carrier plate; 102. Guide rod; 11. Spacing adjustment component; 1101. Support plate; 1102. Adjusting rod; 12. Drive rod; 13. Fixing ring; 14. Reset elastic component; 15. Main control push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The directions (longitudinal and transverse) in this specification are provided for ease of description, and their corresponding on-site counterparts can be equivalently replaced according to the installation posture of the hoisting frame. Connection methods not detailed in this invention (such as bolted connections, welding, pin connections, etc.) and conventional sealing structures (such as O-rings, lip seals) can all be implemented using conventional techniques in the art.

[0040] Example 1: Basic type prefabricated component hoisting and alignment device

[0041] As shown in the attached figures, the prefabricated component hoisting and positioning device of this embodiment includes a hoisting frame 1, a hoisting assembly 2, a longitudinal sliding block 3, a transverse sliding block 4, a first hydraulic adjustment assembly 5, a second hydraulic adjustment assembly 6, a displacement memory reverse push assembly 8, a guide jacket structure 9, and an adjustable positioning mechanism 10.

[0042] The hoisting frame 1 serves as the overall load-bearing base, providing structural rigidity and installation reference during the hoisting process. The hoisting assembly 2 is located below the hoisting frame 1 and is used to connect with the hoisting points of the prefabricated components. The hoisting assembly 2 is connected and fixed to the transverse sliding block 4, enabling the hoisting assembly 2 to move laterally with the transverse sliding block 4 and further move longitudinally with the longitudinal sliding block 3, thereby achieving in-plane alignment fine-tuning during hoisting.

[0043] The upper part of the lifting frame 1 is provided with a lifting connection part for connecting with the hook or lifting tool of the lifting equipment to realize the lifting and lowering of the lifting frame 1; the lifting connection part can be equipped with a limit or locking structure to prevent accidental detachment during the lifting process; the lifting assembly 2 is used to connect with the lifting point of the precast component and bear the lifting load transfer, and its connection method can be matched and set according to the lifting point structure of the component; in order to improve the safety of operation, the lifting assembly 2 is preferably equipped with an anti-detachment limit structure to avoid unexpected detachment caused by lifting vibration or sway.

[0044] To achieve independent longitudinal and lateral fine-tuning, the longitudinal sliding block 3 is slidably positioned along the longitudinal direction of the hoisting frame 1, and the lateral sliding block 4 is positioned below the longitudinal sliding block 3 and slides along the lateral direction. The bottom of the lateral sliding block 4 is connected to the hoisting assembly 2. This forms an orthogonal decoupled sliding structure with one degree of freedom in the longitudinal direction and one degree of freedom in the lateral direction: the longitudinal sliding block 3 is used to achieve longitudinal fine-tuning, and the lateral sliding block 4 is used to achieve lateral fine-tuning. The combination of the two enables the hoisting assembly 2 to achieve precise alignment in the horizontal plane.

[0045] The first hydraulic adjustment components 5 are symmetrically arranged in pairs on both sides of the longitudinal sliding block 3, and are used to drive the longitudinal sliding block 3 to perform longitudinal fine-tuning; the second hydraulic adjustment components 6 are symmetrically arranged in pairs on both sides of the transverse sliding block 4, and are used to drive the transverse sliding block 4 to perform transverse fine-tuning. The working mechanism of the two types of hydraulic adjustment components is the same, and their core internal structure is the same, both including a hydraulic sleeve 7, a drive rod 12, a fixing ring 13, a reset elastic element 14, and a main control push rod 15; the shape of the hydraulic sleeve 7 can be adapted according to the installation space. In this embodiment, the hydraulic sleeve 7 of the first hydraulic adjustment component 5 is set with a bent shape to provide sufficient installation space, while the hydraulic sleeve 7 of the second hydraulic adjustment component 6 is a straight cylinder. The above-mentioned difference in shape does not affect the function of driving the piston to reciprocate in the sleeve and forming an oil-filled sealed cavity with the drive rod 12. Specifically, a hydraulic chamber is formed inside the hydraulic sleeve 7, and a drive piston is slidably mounted thereon. The main control push rod 15 is connected to the drive piston and is used to push the drive piston to move within the hydraulic sleeve 7. The end face of the drive piston and the end face of the drive rod 12 located inside the sleeve form an oil-filled sealed cavity, which is filled with hydraulic oil and kept sealed by a seal. When the main control push rod 15 pushes the drive piston, it compresses the oil in the sealed cavity. The oil pressure acts on the end face of the drive rod 12, thereby driving the drive rod 12 to extend (or retract when subjected to opposing force). The other end of the drive rod 12 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal sliding block 3 or the transverse sliding block 4, thus converting the oil pressure output into the linear displacement of the sliding block, achieving fine adjustment.

[0046] To facilitate repositioning, the fixed ring 13 is fixedly installed inside the hydraulic sleeve 7. One end of the repositioning elastic element 14 is fixed relative to the fixed ring 13, and the other end is connected to the drive rod 12. This allows it to store energy when the drive rod 12 extends / retracts, and push the drive rod 12 back to its initial position when repositioning is required, thereby driving the longitudinal sliding block 3 and the transverse sliding block 4 back to center.

[0047] To ensure that the fine-tuning process is within a controllable stroke range, the sliding stroke of the longitudinal sliding block 3 and the transverse sliding block 4 is limited by the limiting structure of the corresponding sliding chamber; at the same time, the drive piston and drive rod 12 in the hydraulic sleeve 7 can be equipped with stroke stops to prevent seal overload or jamming caused by overtravel.

[0048] This embodiment also includes a displacement memory reverse push assembly 8, which is connected to the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic sleeve 7. This assembly is used to temporarily store the oil displacement during fine-tuning and to push it back for reproduction when needed. The displacement memory reverse push assembly 8 includes a connecting cylinder 801, a limiting ring 802, a small piston 803, a spring 804, an on / off valve 805, and a setting push rod 806. One end of the connecting cylinder 801 is connected to the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic sleeve 7. The on / off valve 805 is positioned in the connected position to control the on / off state. The small piston 803 is slidably mounted inside the connecting cylinder 801, and the spring 804 applies a rebound force to the small piston 803. The limiting ring 802 limits the stroke end point of the small piston 803. The setting push rod 806 is located at the outer end of the connecting cylinder 801, used to push the small piston 803 back into the hydraulic sleeve 7 during the reproduction stage.

[0049] To improve alignment efficiency, this embodiment includes guide sleeve structures 9 on both sides of the hoisting frame 1. The guide sleeve structure 9 includes a fixing block 901, a guide vertical cylinder 902, and a guide horn cover 903. The guide horn cover 903 is a tapered guide structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom and is coaxially connected to the guide vertical cylinder 902. An adjustable positioning mechanism 10 is located in the assembly area and includes a stabilizing carrier plate 101, a guide rod 102, and a spacing adjustment component 11. The guide rod 102 is fixed to the top of the stabilizing carrier plate 101 and cooperates with the guide sleeve structure 9 to achieve coarse positioning. The spacing adjustment component 11 includes a support plate 1101 and an adjusting rod 1102. The adjusting rod 1102 is threaded into the support plate 1101 and has scale markings on its outer side. One end of the adjusting rod 1102 is used to abut against the side of the precast component base, thereby achieving equidistant arrangement of multiple positioning mechanisms through the scale markings, improving the consistency of coarse positioning.

[0050] Example 2: Decoupling Enhancement Structure with Sliding Chamber Limiting and Guiding

[0051] Based on Example 1, to further improve the decoupling of longitudinal and lateral adjustments and the ability to resist lateral movement, this example provides a first sliding chamber at the bottom of the hoisting frame 1. A longitudinal sliding block 3 is slidably disposed within the first sliding chamber and guided by the chamber wall, ensuring that the longitudinal sliding block 3 moves only in the longitudinal direction. Simultaneously, a second sliding chamber is provided at the bottom of the longitudinal sliding block 3, and a lateral sliding block 4 is slidably disposed within the second sliding chamber and guided by the chamber wall, ensuring that the lateral sliding block 4 moves only in the lateral direction. Through the orthogonal constraint of the two-stage sliding chambers, undesirable lateral sway under hoisting disturbances can be reduced, improving the fine-tuning directionality and controllability.

[0052] (Optional) The first sliding chamber and the second sliding chamber can also be replaced by linear guide pairs, wear-resistant bushings or roller guide structures, as long as they can achieve orthogonal limiting and guiding of the longitudinal sliding block 3 and the transverse sliding block 4.

[0053] Example 3: Displacement memory and automatic reproduction of continuous palletizing assembly of the same specifications

[0054] In the scenario of continuous upward stacking of prefabricated components of the same specification, subsequent components usually need to replicate the fine-tuning displacement of the previous component after coarse positioning to reduce repetitive manual adjustments. Based on the structure of Example 1, this embodiment uses a displacement memory back-pushing component 8 to temporarily store and push back the fine-tuning oil volume, thereby achieving continuous assembly capability of "fine-tuning amount memory storage—reset back to center—automatic replication next time". The key to this process lies in the opening and closing coordination of the on / off valve 805 and the push action of the set push rod 806 on the small piston 803. The specific working principle is explained in the following steps.

[0055] Working principle

[0056] To facilitate understanding, the following describes the working principle using a typical process of on-site alignment and assembly of the device. The longitudinal fine-tuning and lateral fine-tuning mechanisms are the same, with the only difference being the corresponding drive components: the first hydraulic adjustment component 5 and the second hydraulic adjustment component 6, respectively.

[0057] S1: Coarse Positioning Import

[0058] As the hoisting frame 1 is lowered along with the prefabricated components and approaches the installation position, the guide rod 102 on the adjustable positioning mechanism 10 first enters the large end of the guide horn cover 903. During the continued lowering process, the guide rod 102 contacts the inner conical surface of the guide horn cover 903 and automatically converges towards the center under the action of the guiding force, achieving self-correction and introduction; subsequently, the guide rod 102 enters the guide vertical cylinder 902 and forms an insertion positioning, thereby completing the coarse positioning. This coarse positioning allows subsequent fine-tuning to only address small-range residual offsets.

[0059] S2: Fine-tuning

[0060] When longitudinal fine-tuning is required, the first hydraulic adjustment component 5 on one side of the longitudinal sliding block 3 is selected as the driving side, and the other side is selected as the non-driving side; when lateral fine-tuning is required, the second hydraulic adjustment component 6 on one side of the lateral sliding block 4 is selected as the driving side, and the other side is selected as the non-driving side. The main control push rod 15 on the driving side pushes the driving piston to compress the oil-filled sealed cavity. The oil pressure acts on the end face of the driving rod 12, causing the driving rod 12 to extend, thereby pushing the corresponding sliding block to move in the target direction; at the same time, the driving rod 12 on the non-driving side is passively retracted under the movement of the sliding block and squeezes the oil in the hydraulic cavity on the non-driving side.

[0061] To ensure smooth fine-tuning and the formation of a memorized oil volume, the non-drive side on / off valve 805 is kept open during the fine-tuning process. This allows the passively squeezed oil to enter the connecting cylinder 801 of the non-drive side displacement memory reverse thrust assembly 8 through the on / off valve 805, pushing the small piston 803 to move and compressing the spring 804, thus temporarily storing the oil. The drive side on / off valve 805 is preferably kept closed to avoid the impact of pressure relief during the oil pressure build-up process on the drive side, thereby improving the fine-tuning response and stability. The operator can complete the required fine-tuning amount by controlling the stroke of the main control push rod 15.

[0062] S3: Memory Storage

[0063] In a continuous stacking assembly scenario of the same specification, after the current component is assembled, the sliding mechanism usually needs to be returned to the center to prepare for hoisting the next component. At this time, the position of the main control push rod 15 on the drive side remains unchanged, and the drive side on / off valve 805 is opened to establish a passage between the hydraulic chamber on the drive side and the connecting cylinder 801 on the drive side. Subsequently, under the action of the reset elastic element 14, the drive rod 12 drives the sliding block back to the center position; during the centering process, the oil in the hydraulic chamber on the drive side is squeezed into the connecting cylinder 801 on the drive side for temporary storage, thereby transferring the "previous fine-tuning oil volume" to the "returnable memory oil volume", completing the memory storage.

[0064] S4: Automatic Reproduction (After coarse positioning of the next component, backtrack to reproduce the fine adjustment amount)

[0065] After the subsequent component completes the S1 coarse positioning, the corresponding oil circuit on / off conditions are activated (connecting the connecting cylinder 801 to the hydraulic chamber). The push rod 806 then pushes the small piston 803 towards the hydraulic sleeve 7. Within the stroke limited by the limit ring 802, the small piston 803 pushes the temporarily stored oil in the connecting cylinder 801 back into the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic sleeve 7, re-establishing the oil volume / pressure output corresponding to the previous component within the hydraulic chamber. This drives the drive rod 12 to generate the corresponding displacement and causes the sliding block to reproduce the fine-tuning amount of the previous component. This achieves "rapid automatic positioning after coarse positioning," significantly reducing repetitive manual fine-tuning.

[0066] S5: Universal reset (clear memory) when changing specifications or when reproduction is not required.

[0067] When changing component specifications or when fine-tuning is not required, the on / off valve 805 can be fully opened and the main control push rod 15 can be returned to its original position, so that the oil temporarily stored in the connecting cylinder 801 returns or is released. The reset elastic element 14 and the spring 804 together cause the drive rod 12 and the small piston 803 to return to their initial positions, so that the longitudinal sliding block 3 and the transverse sliding block 4 return to the center, thus achieving a universal reset of "clearing memory".

Claims

1. A prefabricated component hoisting and alignment device, comprising a hoisting frame (1) and a hoisting assembly (2) disposed below the hoisting frame (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the hoisting frame (1) is provided with a longitudinal sliding block (3) that slides longitudinally, and the bottom of the longitudinal sliding block (3) is provided with a transverse sliding block (4) that slides laterally. The bottom of the transverse sliding block (4) is connected and fixed to the hoisting assembly (2). The longitudinal sliding block (3) is provided with a first hydraulic adjustment component (5) on both sides, and the transverse sliding block (4) is provided with a second hydraulic adjustment component (6) on both sides. The first hydraulic adjustment assembly (5) and the second hydraulic adjustment assembly (6) both include a hydraulic sleeve (7), a drive rod (12), a fixing ring (13), a reset elastic element (14), a main control push rod (15), and a drive piston. The reset elastic element (14) is fixed in the hydraulic sleeve (7) by the fixing ring (13), and one end of the drive rod (12) is movably sleeved in the hydraulic sleeve (7) and connected to the reset elastic element (14). The hydraulic cavity of the hydraulic sleeve (7) is connected to a displacement memory reverse thrust assembly (8). The two sides of the longitudinal sliding block (3) are fixedly connected to the drive rod (12) on the first hydraulic adjustment assembly (5), the two sides of the transverse sliding block (4) are fixedly connected to the drive rod (12) in the second hydraulic adjustment assembly (6), the free end of the main control push rod (15) is fixedly connected to the drive piston, the drive piston and the drive rod (12) together form an oil-filled sealed cavity in the hydraulic sleeve (7), and the main control push rod (15) is used to control the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic sleeve (7); The hoisting frame (1) is provided with guide jacket structures (9) on both sides. The guide jacket structure (9) includes a guide horn cover (903) and a guide vertical cylinder (902) fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide horn cover (903). It also includes an adjustable positioning mechanism (10), which includes a guide rod (102). During hoisting and lowering, the guide rod (102) is guided through the guide horn cover (903) and inserted into the guide vertical cylinder (902) to complete the coarse positioning. After the coarse positioning is completed, the hoisting assembly (2) is driven by the first hydraulic adjustment assembly (5) and the second hydraulic adjustment assembly (6) to perform longitudinal and lateral offset fine adjustment.

2. The prefabricated component hoisting and alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide horn cover (903) is a conical guide structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom, and is coaxially connected with the guide vertical tube (902). During the lowering process, the guide rod (102) slides along the inner wall of the guide horn cover (903) to self-correct and then inserts into the guide vertical tube (902). The guide outer sleeve structure (9) also includes a fixing block (901). The fixing block (901) is fixed on both sides of the hoisting frame (1), and the guide vertical tube (902) is fixedly sleeved in the fixing block (901).

3. The prefabricated component hoisting and alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable positioning mechanism (10) further includes a stabilizing plate (101) and a spacing adjustment member (11) disposed on the stabilizing plate (101). The spacing adjustment member (11) is used to adjust the installation spacing between the stabilizing plate (101) and the mating area. The guide rod (102) is fixed to the top of the stabilizing plate (101).

4. The prefabricated component hoisting and alignment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spacing adjustment component (11) includes a support plate (1101) and an adjustment rod (1102) that is threadedly engaged with the support plate (1101). The adjustment rod (1102) has scale markings on its outer side, and one end of the adjustment rod (1102) is used to abut against the side of the base of the prefabricated component to be assembled.

5. The prefabricated component hoisting and alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the hoisting frame (1) is provided with a first sliding chamber, and the longitudinal sliding block (3) is slidably disposed in the first sliding chamber and limited and guided by the cavity wall of the first sliding chamber; the bottom of the longitudinal sliding block (3) is provided with a second sliding chamber, and the transverse sliding block (4) is slidably disposed in the second sliding chamber and limited and guided by the cavity wall of the second sliding chamber, so that the longitudinal sliding block (3) moves only longitudinally and the transverse sliding block (4) moves only transversely.

6. The prefabricated component hoisting and alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic sleeves (7) in the two first hydraulic adjustment components (5) are fixedly installed on both sides of the hoisting frame (1), and the hydraulic sleeves (7) in the two second hydraulic adjustment components (6) are fixedly installed on both sides of the longitudinal sliding block (3).

7. The prefabricated component hoisting and alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement memory reverse push assembly (8) includes a connecting cylinder (801), a limiting ring (802), a small piston (803), a spring (804), an opening and closing valve (805), and a setting push rod (806). Each hydraulic sleeve (7) in the first hydraulic adjustment assembly (5) and the second hydraulic adjustment assembly (6) is connected to a connecting cylinder (801). The limiting ring (802) is fixedly installed inside the connecting cylinder (801). The small piston (803) slides inside the connecting cylinder (801) and is connected to the spring (804). The opening and closing valve (805) is installed at the connecting end of the connecting cylinder (801) and the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic sleeve (7). The set push rod (806) is installed at the outer end of the connecting cylinder (801) to push the small piston (803).

8. The prefabricated component hoisting and alignment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The on / off valve (805) is an electromagnetic on / off valve.

9. A hoisting and alignment method using the device as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 Coarse positioning: During hoisting and lowering, the hoisting frame (1) is coarsely positioned to the position where the guide rod (102) is inserted into the guide jacket structure (9) by using the cooperation of the guide rod (102) and the guide horn cover (903); S2 Fine-tuning: Start the first hydraulic adjustment component (5) on one side of the longitudinal sliding block (3) as the driving side and drive the longitudinal sliding block (3) to move, so that the lifting component (2) can be adjusted longitudinally. Start the second hydraulic adjustment component (6) on one side of the transverse sliding block (4) as the driving side and drive the transverse sliding block (4) to move, so that the lifting component (2) can be adjusted laterally, thus completing the fine-tuning of longitudinal and transverse offset. During this process, keep the non-driving side valve of the first hydraulic adjustment component (5) open and keep the non-driving side valve of the second hydraulic adjustment component (6) open, so that the hydraulic oil in the non-driving side hydraulic sleeve (7) is passively squeezed and flows into the corresponding displacement memory reverse push component (8) for temporary storage. S3 memory storage: During the reset stage of the continuous upward stacking assembly of prefabricated components of the same specification, the position of the main control push rod (15) on the drive side remains unchanged, the valves on the drive side of the first hydraulic adjustment component (5) and the second hydraulic adjustment component (6) are opened, and the elastic potential energy released by the reset elastic element (14) on the drive side is used to drive the longitudinal sliding block (3) and the transverse sliding block (4) to reset and center, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic sleeve (7) on the drive side is squeezed into the corresponding displacement memory reverse push component (8) for temporary storage. S4 Automatic Reproduction: After the subsequent components complete the coarse positioning, the displacement memory back-pushing component (8) driven by the first hydraulic adjustment component (5) and the second hydraulic adjustment component (6) pushes the hydraulic oil temporarily stored in the connecting cylinder (801) back into their respective hydraulic sleeves (7) to reproduce the fine adjustment amount of the previous component.

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