Refrigerant capable of replacing R134a as well as preparation method and application of refrigerant

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly relates to a refrigerant replacing R134a as well as a preparation method and application of the refrigerant. The refrigerant capable of replacing R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 to 80 parts of 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 10 to 20 parts of 1, 1-difluoroethane, and 10 to 20 parts of hexafluoropropylene. As a refrigerant for replacing R134a, the refrigerant has the advantages that the environmental protection property is remarkably improved, the refrigeration performance is excellent, and the thermodynamic property is well matched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of refrigerant technology, specifically relating to a refrigerant that can replace R134a, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] R134a refrigerant is a widely used HFC refrigerant in air conditioning and heat pump systems, and its main component is tetrafluoroethane. Although R134a has excellent refrigeration performance, its GWP value is relatively high (approximately 1430). In addition, R32 alone, although having a lower GWP (approximately 675), has mild flammability (A2L safety class) and a higher discharge temperature; R152a alone has higher flammability (A2 safety class) and poor refrigeration efficiency; R1216 (hexafluoropropylene) alone has an extremely low GWP (<1), but its thermophysical properties differ significantly from R134a, resulting in poor system compatibility.

[0003] Existing alternatives such as R290, R1234yf, and R410A, while offering improvements in GWP or safety, suffer from issues such as flammability, increased GWP, or significant decreases in refrigeration performance. Therefore, developing a low-GWP, high-performance, safe alternative refrigerant compatible with R134a systems has become an urgent need in the air conditioning industry. The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel hybrid refrigerant with a significantly lower GWP than R134a, while maintaining similar thermodynamic properties and operating characteristics, specifically optimized for refrigeration systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a refrigerant to replace R134a, its preparation method, and its applications. As a refrigerant to replace R134a, this invention generally offers advantages such as significantly improved environmental friendliness, excellent refrigeration performance, and well-matched thermodynamic properties.

[0005] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: A refrigerant to replace R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a, CH2FCF3), 10-20 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane (R152a, CH3CHF2), and 10-20 parts of hexafluoropropylene (R1216, C3F6).

[0006] Based on the above technical solution: The refrigerant provided by this invention has the advantage of higher safety (by adding R134a to suppress flammability) compared to using 1,1-difluoroethane alone; The refrigerant provided by this invention significantly reduces the GWP value; The refrigerant provided by this invention can be directly replaced in existing R134a systems.

[0007] Preferably, the refrigerant that replaces R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 10-15 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 10-14 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0008] Preferably, the refrigerant that replaces R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 16-20 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 15-20 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0009] Preferably, the refrigerant that replaces R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 71-80 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 10-15 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 10-14 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0010] Preferably, the refrigerant that replaces R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 71-80 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 16-20 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 15-20 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0011] More preferably, the refrigerant that replaces R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 62 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 13 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 13 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0012] More preferably, the refrigerant that replaces R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 15 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 15 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0013] More preferably, the refrigerant that replaces R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 78 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 18 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 19 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0014] Specifically: The refrigerant that can replace R134a is any combination of the following proportions: The parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane are 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, and 80. The parts of 1,1-difluoroethane are 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20. The hexafluoropropylene is in parts of 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20.

[0015] This invention also provides a method for preparing the aforementioned refrigerant to replace R134a, comprising the following steps: According to the specified proportions, high-purity raw materials are sequentially and accurately measured and injected into a clean, dry pressure-resistant steel cylinder at room temperature (20-25°C) and in a liquid state. After evacuating the cylinder to remove air, a small amount of inert gas (such as nitrogen) is introduced for cleaning, followed by another evacuation. Finally, the mixed working fluid is filled into the cylinder and placed on a rolling mixing device for mixing for at least 2 hours to ensure uniform mixing of all components. After standing for 24 hours, it is ready for use.

[0016] The present invention also provides applications of the above-mentioned alternative refrigerants to R134a, for replacing R134a refrigerant in air-cooled systems; or for replacing R134a refrigerant in water-cooled systems; or for replacing R134a working fluid in heat pumps.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1) The near-azeotropic properties of the refrigerant of the present invention reduce performance fluctuations and operational risks caused by component separation in different parts of the system; 2) Compared with R134a, the refrigerant of the present invention has a higher COP value and excellent refrigeration performance; 3) Because its working pressure and thermophysical properties are very close to those of R134a, it can be directly replaced by injection in existing R134a systems; 4) Significantly improved environmental friendliness; 5) Good compatibility with existing R134a systems, allowing for direct injection replacement. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The embodiments given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0019] Unless otherwise specified, the test methods used in the embodiments are conventional methods; unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used are commercially available.

[0020] Example 1 A refrigerant to replace R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 12 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 13 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0021] The preparation method of refrigerant is as follows: Take 12%R152a, 13%R1216, and 75%R134a, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a refrigerant.

[0022] Example 2 A refrigerant to replace R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 64 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 18 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 18 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0023] The preparation method of refrigerant is as follows: Take 18%R152a, 18%R1216, and 64%R134a, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a refrigerant.

[0024] Example 3 A refrigerant to replace R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 17 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 13 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0025] The preparation method of refrigerant is as follows: Take 17%R152a, 13%R1216, and 70%R134a, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a refrigerant.

[0026] Example 4 A refrigerant to replace R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of fluoroethane, 18 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 17 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0027] The preparation method of refrigerant is as follows: Take 18%R152a, 17%R1216, and 65%R134a, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a refrigerant.

[0028] Example 5 A refrigerant to replace R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 20 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 20 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0029] The preparation method of refrigerant is as follows: Take 20%R152a, 20%R1216, and 60%R134a, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a refrigerant.

[0030] Example 6 A refrigerant to replace R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 15 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 15 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0031] The preparation method of refrigerant is as follows: Take 15%R152a, 15%R1216, and 70%R134a, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a refrigerant.

[0032] Example 7 A refrigerant to replace R134a comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 10 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 10 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

[0033] The preparation method of refrigerant is as follows: Take 10%R152a, 10%R1216, and 80%R134a, and physically mix these three components at room temperature to use as a refrigerant.

[0034] The infusion volumes for the seven embodiments described above are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Comparison of relative R134a perfusion volume in Examples 1-7:

[0035] The selected design condition is: medium temperature condition. The unit type is suitable for temperate air conditioning of T1 climate type (GB / T7725-2004), and the following values ​​are taken: evaporation temperature = 7.2℃, subcooling = 5℃, condensation temperature = 54.4℃, superheat = 7℃. The compressor isentropic efficiency is 0.8 in the calculation.

[0036] According to the requirements of the national standard GB / T 7725-2022 "Room Air Conditioners", the following data were experimentally measured on the Gree split wall-mounted room air conditioner: KFR-32GW / (32583)FNAa-A3, and the performance parameters were compared: coefficient of performance (COP), relative coefficient of performance (COP), volumetric cooling capacity (Qv), relative unit volumetric cooling capacity (Qv), condensing pressure, GWP, latent heat of vaporization, temperature glide, and lower flammability limit, as shown in Table 2.

[0037] Table 2 Comparison of performance parameters of 7 embodiments of the present invention with R134a

[0038] As can be seen from the data in the table above, compared with R134a, the present invention has the following advantages in performance: Significantly improved environmental friendliness: The GWP values ​​of all embodiments were lower than R134a, with a significant reduction. Among them, the GWP of Embodiment 5 was the lowest, which was 38.3% lower than that of R410A.

[0039] Excellent cooling performance: The cooling capacity per unit volume of all embodiments is close to that of R134a, while the COP is slightly better than that of R134a, indicating that they have comparable or better energy efficiency.

[0040] Excellent thermodynamic properties: Condensation pressures are slightly lower than R134a, ensuring good compatibility with existing R134a systems and allowing for direct filling replacement. Extremely low temperature glide (<1℃) ensures stable system operation.

[0041] Based on the above-mentioned performance advantages, this invention has the following advantages when replacing R134a: High feasibility of substitution: Since the working pressure and thermal properties are very close to those of R134a, it can be directly replaced by filling in the existing R134a system without replacing major components (such as compressors and heat exchangers) and lubricating oil, resulting in low modification costs.

[0042] Improved system energy efficiency: A comparable cooling capacity per unit volume and a slightly higher COP value are expected to allow the system to maintain or slightly improve its cooling capacity and operating efficiency after replacement.

[0043] Meets environmental regulations: The significantly reduced GWP value enables systems using this refrigerant to meet current and future environmental regulations, extending the market life cycle of the equipment.

[0044] 4) Stable and reliable operation: The near-azeotropic characteristics reduce performance fluctuations and operational risks caused by component separation in different parts of the system.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A refrigerant to replace R134a, characterized in that, It includes the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 10-20 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 10-20 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

2. The refrigerant to replace R134a according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 10-15 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 10-14 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

3. The refrigerant to replace R134a according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 16-20 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 15-20 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

4. The refrigerant that replaces R134a according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following components in parts by weight: 71-80 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 10-15 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 10-14 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

5. The refrigerant to replace R134a according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following components in parts by weight: 71-80 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 16-20 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 15-20 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

6. The refrigerant to replace R134a according to claim 1, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by weight: 62 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 13 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 13 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

7. The refrigerant to replace R134a according to claim 1, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 15 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 15 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

8. The refrigerant to replace R134a according to claim 1, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by weight: 78 parts of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 18 parts of 1,1-difluoroethane, and 19 parts of hexafluoropropylene.

9. A method for preparing a refrigerant that can replace R134a according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The refrigerant is obtained by physically mixing the components at room temperature.

10. The application of a refrigerant as an alternative to R134a according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Used to replace R134a refrigerant in air-cooled systems; Alternatively, it can be used to replace R134a refrigerant in water-cooling systems; Alternatively, it can be used to replace the R134a working fluid in heat pumps.

Images