Anti-overload infrared shutter mechanism for high temperature measurement and thermal imaging system

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-overload infrared shutter mechanism for high temperature measurement and a thermal imaging system, and the mechanism comprises a housing which comprises an upper housing, a lower housing, and a main imaging light path hole penetrating through the upper housing and the lower housing, a middle plate is fixedly disposed between the upper housing and the lower housing, and the middle plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to the main imaging light path hole; the main shutter assembly is arranged on the upper shell and comprises a first electromagnetic driving mechanism and a blade group, and the blade group is driven by the first electromagnetic driving mechanism; and the attenuation shutter assembly is arranged on the lower shell and comprises a second electromagnetic driving mechanism and a single attenuation blade, and the attenuation blade is driven by the second electromagnetic driving mechanism. On-off of the main imaging light path hole is controlled through the main shutter assembly, opening and closing of the attenuation through hole are independently controlled through the attenuation shutter assembly, and the three states are rapidly switched according to the signal intensity fed back by the infrared detector in real time so as to dynamically adapt to complex and changeable high-temperature industrial scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of infrared shutter and thermal imaging technology, and in particular to an overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism and thermal imaging system for high-temperature measurement. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial fields such as steel smelting and high-temperature material processing, infrared thermal imaging technology is a key means for non-contact temperature monitoring, equipment condition diagnosis, and safety production assurance. However, such applications often involve instantaneous ultra-high temperature radiation sources (such as molten steel exceeding 1500°C, furnace flames, or direct sunlight). The intense infrared radiation energy generated by these sources can easily exceed the instantaneous tolerance limit of infrared detector chips (such as vanadium oxide microbolometers), leading to detector pixel saturation, irreversible drift in response characteristics, or even permanent burn-out.

[0003] To protect the detector, the commonly used technique is to install a mechanical shutter in front of the detector's optical path. Traditional shutter mechanisms typically have only two operating states: fully open for normal imaging and temperature measurement; and fully closed to block the optical path for non-uniformity correction (NUC) or emergency protection in extreme situations. However, this binary mode of either being open or closed has significant drawbacks when dealing with the aforementioned extreme high-temperature scenarios: when an ultra-high-temperature target appears in the field of view, the shutter must switch to the fully closed state to avoid detector damage. This completely blocks the optical path, causing the thermal imaging system to lose all observation capabilities during the critical protection period. It becomes unable to locate, track, or acquire any temperature distribution information of the high-temperature target, creating a contradictory situation of "protection at the cost of blindness."

[0004] Furthermore, infrared thermal imaging systems face another common technical requirement: periodic non-uniformity correction (NUC). Due to the inherent differences in the response characteristics of each pixel on an infrared focal plane array, which drift over time and with ambient temperature, the output image exhibits a fixed brightness non-uniformity, i.e., fixed pattern noise. To eliminate this noise, current technologies commonly employ a mechanical shutter installed in front of the detector. By switching the shutter to a fully closed state, external radiation is completely blocked, allowing the detector to acquire a reference black field image with uniform temperature. The correction coefficient for each pixel is then calculated, and subsequent normal imaging frames are compensated in real time. However, this correction process also relies on the fully closed shutter state. In the traditional fully open and fully closed binary mode, frequent calibration operations exacerbate the aforementioned observation interruption problem, affecting the continuity of critical processes. This contradiction is particularly prominent in harsh industrial environments where high-frequency calibration is required to cope with severe temperature drift. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism and thermal imaging system for high-temperature measurement, so as to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial option or create conditions.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: This invention provides an overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement, comprising: The housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing, as well as a main imaging optical path hole that passes through the upper housing and the lower housing. An intermediate plate is fixedly disposed between the upper housing and the lower housing, and the intermediate plate has a through hole corresponding to the main imaging optical path hole. The main shutter assembly, disposed on the upper housing, includes a first electromagnetic drive mechanism and a blade group, wherein the blade group is driven by the first electromagnetic drive mechanism and is used to shield or open the main imaging optical path aperture. A shutter attenuation assembly is disposed on the lower housing and includes a second electromagnetic drive mechanism and a single attenuation blade. The attenuation blade is driven by the second electromagnetic drive mechanism and is used to block or open an attenuation through hole provided on a blade in the blade group. The infrared shutter mechanism has at least the following features: Full-pass state: The main shutter assembly is open, causing the blade group to retract to one side of the main imaging optical path aperture; the attenuation shutter assembly is open, causing the attenuation blades to retract to one side of the main imaging optical path aperture. Attenuation state: When the main shutter assembly is closed, the blade group opens and blocks the main imaging optical path aperture, and the attenuation through hole is located in the main imaging optical path aperture; when the attenuation shutter assembly is open, the attenuation blades retract to one side of the main imaging optical path aperture. Fully closed state: The main shutter assembly is closed, causing the blade group to open and block the main imaging optical path aperture, and the attenuation shutter assembly is closed, causing the attenuation blades to block the attenuation through-hole.

[0007] This technical solution controls the opening and closing of the main imaging optical path through the main shutter assembly, and independently controls the opening and closing of the attenuation aperture through the attenuation shutter assembly. Based on the signal strength fed back by the infrared detector in real time, it quickly switches between these three states to dynamically adapt to complex and ever-changing high-temperature industrial scenarios.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention: the intermediate plate is provided with at least one limiting structure for mechanically limiting the swing limit position of the blade group. The limiting structure includes a first limiting block and a second limiting block that bend from the edge of the intermediate plate and tilt towards the blade group. The first limiting block is used to limit the limit position of the blade group in the opening direction, and the second limiting block is used to limit the limit position of the blade group in the closing direction and blocking the main imaging optical path aperture. The limiting structure used in this improved solution is passive, high temperature resistant, and anti-interference, and can adapt to harsh working conditions. Moreover, since the limit position is determined by the limiting block, the control system does not require a complex closed-loop position servo algorithm. The driving electromagnet only needs to be given a driving pulse to make the blade group move until it is blocked by the limiting block, which simplifies the driving circuit design and software control logic, and also saves the cost of electronic position sensors.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention: the blade group of the main shutter assembly includes at least two main blades that are stacked and can swing about the same axis; The first electromagnetic drive mechanism drives all the main blades to swing asynchronously through a push rod assembly. The push rod assembly includes a first rotating body that can rotate around a first fixed axis, and a first drive push rod and a second drive push rod fixed on the first rotating body and rotating with it. The first fixed axis is coaxial with the first rotating body. The first drive push rod and the second drive push rod drive the main blades to block or open the main imaging optical path aperture under the rotation of the first rotating body.

[0010] This improved design integrates the drive of multiple main blades into a single rotating block and two rigid push rods, significantly reducing the number of parts, assembly steps, and space occupied. At the same time, the rigid transmission avoids the backlash and elastic deformation that may be caused by using ropes and connecting rods. The overall structure has high rigidity and consistent and precise action response.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention: the first driving push rod and the second driving push rod are arranged symmetrically with the axis of the first fixed shaft as the center; Each of the main blades is provided with a first driving hole that cooperates with the first driving push rod and a second driving hole that cooperates with the second driving push rod. The dimensions of the first driving holes on each of the main blades are different along the rotation direction of the first driving push rod, so that when the first rotating body rotates along the first direction, the first driving push rod can sequentially drive each of the main blades to swing at different angles to jointly block the main imaging optical path hole. The second driving holes on each of the main blades have different dimensions along the rotation direction of the second driving push rod, so that when the first rotating body rotates in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the second driving push rod can sequentially drive each of the main blades to swing at different angles until they leave the main imaging optical path hole and stack up.

[0012] This improved solution achieves reliable mechanical timing control. By incorporating the control logic into first and second drive holes of different sizes, it completely eliminates the risk of motion disorder caused by sensor failure, software error, or electromagnetic interference.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention: the blade group includes a first main blade, a second main blade, and a third main blade arranged in a stacked manner; the attenuation through-hole is disposed on the second main blade. Three blades are the minimum and optimal solution for effectively shielding a large aperture, while two blades are difficult to completely cover the large aperture without interference within a limited lateral swing space; four or more blades result in complex structure, large cumulative error, and large stacking height.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention: the intermediate plate is provided with a support plate group located on the far end side of the blade assembly's swing. The support plate group includes at least two parallel stacked support plates, with a gap formed between adjacent support plates to accommodate the far edge of the main blade. The far edge of the main blade is embedded in the corresponding gap so that each main blade remains parallel during swing. This improvement enhances the blade's motion planarity and attitude stability. Without far-end support, a long blade is like a cantilever beam fixed at one end. During startup, shutdown, and external vibration, the far end will inevitably experience flutter and twisting perpendicular to the plane of motion. The support plate group can eliminate out-of-plane deformation, prevent light leakage gaps caused by blade twisting, and improve overall reliability.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the intermediate plate is provided with clearance holes for avoiding the movement trajectories of the first and second drive push rods. The clearance holes ensure that the drive push rods are not subject to any additional or unintended mechanical constraints throughout their entire stroke, avoiding friction or even jamming between the push rod and the hole wall due to machining or assembly errors, thereby ensuring the smooth, reliable and low-wear operation of the entire main shutter assembly.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention: the attenuation shutter assembly includes a second fixed shaft, and the attenuation blade is rotatably sleeved on the second fixed shaft through a shaft hole; The attenuation blade is provided with a third driving hole, and the second rotating body of the second electromagnetic drive mechanism is connected to the third driving hole. The axis of the second rotating body coincides with the axis of the second fixed shaft. The rotation of the second rotating body drives the attenuation blade to rotate around the second fixed shaft. The attenuation blade is also provided with a limiting groove, and a fixed limiting post is inserted into the limiting groove. The extension path of the limiting groove corresponds to the swing arc segment of the attenuation blade to limit its rotation angle range.

[0017] In this improved design, the drive push rod of the second rotating body is directly inserted into or fixedly connected to the third drive hole on the attenuation blade. When the second rotating body is driven to rotate by electromagnetic force, the driving torque is directly and losslessly transmitted to the attenuation blade, causing it to rotate around the second fixed axis. The limiting groove is preferably a sector-shaped groove, corresponding to the required working angle range of the attenuation blade (e.g., 20° from the "open" position to the "closed" position). When the attenuation blade rotates, the limiting post slides within the groove. Once the attenuation blade rotates to its limit position, the limiting post contacts either end of the limiting groove, forming a mechanical hard stop and preventing the blade from continuing to move.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention: both the first electromagnetic drive mechanism and the second electromagnetic drive mechanism include a coil assembly, a rotating body, and two stator arms arranged opposite to each other. One end of the two stator arms is connected by the coil assembly, and the other end of the two stator arms is arc-shaped, with a circular gap formed between the two arc-shaped ends. The rotating body is disposed in the circular gap and is a permanent magnet. Under the drive of the magnetic field generated in the circular gap between the ends of the two stator arms when the coil assembly is energized, the permanent magnet switches between two stable magnetic pole corresponding positions.

[0019] The electromagnetic drive mechanism of this improved design only requires electrical energy during the switching instant, and consumes zero power during the on / off state held for hours or even permanently. This is crucial for thermal imaging systems that require long standby or battery power, completely solving the heat and energy consumption problems caused by the continuous power supply required by traditional electromagnets or motors to maintain position. Furthermore, regardless of power outages, malfunctions, or active shutdowns, the mechanism will remain firmly locked in its last position. For shutter applications, this means that in the event of an unexpected power outage, the shutter will not open or close uncontrollably, but will remain in its state before the power outage, such as in a protective decay or fully closed state, preventing the detector from being exposed to strong light due to uncontrolled operation.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a thermal imaging system, including an infrared detector and an overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement as described above, wherein the infrared shutter mechanism is disposed in front of the imaging optical path of the infrared detector.

[0021] By integrating the aforementioned shutter mechanism, this invention enables the thermal imaging system to cope with instantaneous ultra-strong radiation. It can activate optical attenuation protection without human intervention, eliminating the risk of the detector chip being burned out. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the infrared shutter mechanism in the embodiment; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the infrared shutter mechanism in the embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the infrared shutter mechanism in another direction in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the main shutter assembly and intermediate plate in an embodiment.

[0023] In the attached diagram: 100: Housing, 110: Upper housing, 120: Lower housing, 130: Main imaging optical path hole, 140: Intermediate plate, 141: First limiting block, 142: Second limiting block, 150: Support plate group, 160: Clearance hole, 200: Main shutter assembly, 210: First electromagnetic drive mechanism, 211: First rotating body, 212: First drive push rod, 213: Second drive push rod, 214: First drive hole, 215: Second drive hole, 220: Blade group, 230: First fixed shaft, 300: Attenuation shutter assembly, 310: Second electromagnetic drive mechanism, 311: Coil assembly, 312: Stator arm body, 320: Attenuation blade, 321: Third drive hole, 322: Limiting groove, 323: Limiting post, 330: Attenuation through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0024] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, if there are words such as "several", they mean one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than", "less than", "exceeding" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself.

[0027] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The following are several embodiments of an overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism and thermal imaging system for high-temperature measurement according to the present invention.

[0029] Embodiments of the present invention provide an overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement, such as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it includes: The housing 100 includes an upper housing 110 and a lower housing 120, and a main imaging optical path hole 130 that passes through the upper housing 110 and the lower housing 120. An intermediate plate 140 is fixedly disposed between the upper housing 110 and the lower housing 120, and the intermediate plate 140 has a through hole corresponding to the main imaging optical path hole 130. The main shutter assembly 200 is disposed on the upper shell 110 and includes a first electromagnetic drive mechanism 210 and a blade group 220. The blade group 220 is driven by the first electromagnetic drive mechanism 210 and is used to shield or open the main imaging optical path aperture 130. The attenuation shutter assembly 300 is disposed on the lower housing 120 and includes a second electromagnetic drive mechanism 310 and a single attenuation blade 320. The attenuation blade 320 is driven by the second electromagnetic drive mechanism 310 and is used to cover or open the attenuation through hole 330 provided on one of the blades in the blade group 220. The infrared shutter mechanism has at least the following features: Full-pass mode: The main shutter assembly 200 is opened, causing the blade group 220 to retract to one side of the main imaging optical path aperture 130; the attenuation shutter assembly 300 is opened, causing the attenuation blades 320 to retract to one side of the main imaging optical path aperture 130. In extreme scenarios such as metallurgy, the full-pass mode is used to observe conventional high-temperature targets (such as furnace walls and steel billets at 600-1200℃). Attenuation state: When the main shutter assembly 200 is closed, the blade group 220 opens and blocks the main imaging optical path aperture 130, and the attenuation through-hole 330 is located in the main imaging optical path aperture 130. When the attenuation shutter assembly 300 is open, the attenuation blades 320 retract to one side of the main imaging optical path aperture 130. In extreme scenarios such as metallurgy, automatic switching occurs when an ultra-high temperature source (such as molten steel >1500℃) appears in the field of view. At this time, the main imaging optical path aperture is closed, and only a small amount of radiation is introduced through the attenuation through-hole, allowing the detector to still image under absolute safety and achieve uninterrupted monitoring. Fully closed state: The main shutter assembly 200 is closed, causing the blade group 220 to open and block the main imaging optical path aperture 130, and the attenuation shutter assembly 300 is closed, causing the attenuation blade 320 to block the attenuation through-hole 330; used for periodic non-uniformity correction (NUC) to provide a uniform blackbody reference surface for the detector to eliminate pixel drift error and ensure temperature measurement accuracy.

[0030] In this embodiment, the main imaging optical path aperture is relatively large to receive sufficient light signals for clear imaging of conventional high-temperature areas. The blade assembly employs three main blades working in tandem, enabling reliable shielding of the large aperture within a limited space, thus solving the problems of excessively large single blade size, insufficient rigidity, and slow operation. The attenuation aperture is a small through-hole formed on the blade assembly (usually the middle blade), with a diameter much smaller than the main imaging optical path aperture. This aperture is an optical attenuator based on the pinhole aperture principle; according to optical principles, the light flux passing through it is proportional to the aperture area. The attenuation aperture can attenuate the incident radiation energy by hundreds or even thousands of times, thereby reducing the strong radiation, which could burn out the detector, to a safe range within the detector's linear operating range. The intermediate plate precisely divides the internal space of the housing into upper and lower layers, providing independent and parallel reference planes for the main shutter assembly and the attenuation shutter assembly. This ensures that the blade assembly and the attenuation blades do not interfere with each other during movement, and that their optical paths are aligned.

[0031] In this embodiment, the main shutter assembly controls the opening and closing of the main imaging optical path aperture, and the attenuation shutter assembly independently controls the opening and closing of the attenuation aperture. Based on the real-time signal strength feedback from the infrared detector, it quickly switches between these three states to dynamically adapt to complex and ever-changing high-temperature industrial scenarios.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the intermediate plate 140 is provided with at least one limiting structure for mechanically limiting the swing limit position of the blade group 220. The limiting structure includes a first limiting block 141 and a second limiting block 142 that bend from the edge of the intermediate plate 140 and protrude toward the blade group 220. The first limiting block 141 is used to limit the limit position of the blade group 220 in the opening direction, and the second limiting block 142 is used to limit the limit position of the blade group 220 in the direction of closing and blocking the main imaging optical path aperture 130.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first and second limiting blocks are formed by bending and raising the edge of the intermediate plate directly. This means that the limiting blocks and the intermediate plate are integrally formed. They are usually made by cutting and bending the metal intermediate plate using a stamping die. This ensures that there is no assembly error between the limiting blocks and the intermediate plate, and that they have a consistent coefficient of thermal expansion. Under high-temperature environments, they will not experience relative displacement due to different materials, which would lead to inaccurate positioning. The first limiting block is located at the end of the trajectory where the blade group retracts and overlaps to one side from the position where it blocks the main light path hole. When the blade group is fully open, each blade in the blade group will contact it to prevent it from continuing to move. The second limiting block is located at the end of the trajectory where the blade group expands outward from the retracted state until it completely blocks the main light path hole. When the blade group is fully closed, the edge of one blade will contact it to limit its movement.

[0034] In steelmaking, metallurgical, and other similar environments, there is strong electromagnetic interference, high temperatures, and vibration. Electronic limit solutions based on Hall sensors or photoelectric switches may be misjudged due to interference or fail due to high temperatures. Purely mechanical limit structures are passive, heat-resistant, and interference-resistant, and their reliability depends solely on the mechanical properties of the materials, making them suitable for harsh working conditions.

[0035] Furthermore, since the extreme positions are determined by the limit blocks, the control system does not require complex closed-loop position servo algorithms. The driving electromagnet only needs to be given a single driving pulse to move the blade assembly until it is stopped by the limit blocks, which simplifies the design of the drive circuit and the software control logic, and also eliminates the cost of electronic position sensors.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the blade group 220 of the main shutter assembly 200 includes at least two main blades that are stacked and can swing about the same axis. The first electromagnetic drive mechanism 210 drives all the main blades to swing asynchronously through a push rod assembly. The push rod assembly includes a first rotating body 211 that can rotate around a first fixed axis 230, and a first drive push rod 212 and a second drive push rod 213 fixed on the first rotating body 211 and rotating with it. The first fixed axis 230 is coaxially arranged with the first rotating body 211. The first drive push rod 212 and the second drive push rod 213 drive the main blades to block or open the main imaging optical path hole 130 under the rotation of the first rotating body 211.

[0037] In this embodiment, the stacked arrangement and ability to oscillate around the same axis refers to at least two (preferably three) main blades overlapping in parallel and all mounted on the same first fixed shaft. This means that the rotation centers of all blades coincide, resulting in multiple blades occupying only a small amount of lateral space when in the retracted state. The first rotating body is a rotor coaxially arranged with the first fixed shaft. The first rotating body is not in contact with the first fixed shaft. The first rotating body is located inside the upper shell, while the first fixed shaft is fixed between the upper and lower shells. The first and second drive push rods of the first rotating body extend through the upper shell and into the drive holes of the blades. The first rotating body is directly driven by the first electromagnetic drive mechanism and performs reciprocating rotation within a defined angle (e.g., ±30°).

[0038] The asynchronous oscillation in this embodiment includes: when the blade assembly unfolds to block the main imaging optical path aperture, the first electromagnetic drive mechanism is energized, driving the first rotating body to rotate in a first direction (e.g., clockwise), and the first drive push rod fixed thereon rotates synchronously. Since the size (arc length or fan-shaped area) of the first drive hole reserved for the first drive push rod differs on each main blade, the first drive push rod will first contact and push the blade with the smallest drive hole. As rotation continues, the push rod sequentially contacts and pushes the main blades with the medium and largest drive hole sizes. Finally, the three blades are pushed sequentially by the first drive push rod, changing from an overlapping state to a fan-shaped unfolded state, jointly blocking the main optical path aperture. When the blade assembly is retracted to one side of the main imaging optical path aperture, the first electromagnetic drive mechanism is energized in the reverse direction, driving the first rotating body to rotate in the second direction (counterclockwise). At this time, the first drive push rod rotates in the reverse direction, pushing one side of the first drive hole to unfold. At this time, there is a certain space between the first drive hole and the other side wall of the first drive hole. The second drive push rod becomes the main driving push rod. Similarly, since the size relationship of the second drive hole reserved for the second drive push rod on each blade is opposite to that of the first drive hole, the second drive push rod will pull the blade back to its original position in the opposite order and re-stack and retract to one side of the main optical path aperture.

[0039] Compared to the traditional approach of configuring a separate actuator for each blade, this embodiment integrates the drive of multiple kinematic pairs (main blades) onto a single rotating block and two rigid push rods. This significantly reduces the number of parts, assembly steps, and space required. Simultaneously, rigid transmission avoids the backlash and elastic deformation that can occur with ropes and connecting rods. The overall structure boasts high rigidity, consistent and precise action response, and asynchronous oscillation is achieved not through complex electronic programs or sensor feedback control, but through the physical property of the drive hole geometry machined into the blades. As long as the machining accuracy is guaranteed, the sequence of actions and the final unfolding angle of each blade are deterministic and repeatable, improving reliability and environmental adaptability, making it particularly suitable for use in industrial environments with high vibration and temperature variations.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the first drive push rod 212 and the second drive push rod 213 are arranged symmetrically with the axis of the first fixed shaft 230 as the center; Each of the main blades is provided with a first driving hole 214 that cooperates with the first driving push rod 212 and a second driving hole 215 that cooperates with the second driving push rod. The first driving hole 214 on each of the main blades has different dimensions along the rotation direction of the first driving push rod 212, so that when the first rotating body 211 rotates along the first direction, the first driving push rod 212 can sequentially drive each of the main blades to swing at different angles to jointly block the main imaging optical path hole 130. The second driving holes 215 on each of the main blades have different dimensions along the rotation direction of the second driving push rod 213, so that when the first rotating body 211 rotates in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the second driving push rod 213 can sequentially drive each of the main blades to swing at different angles to leave the main imaging optical path hole 130 and stack up.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first and second drive push rods are arranged at a point symmetrical or approximately 180 degrees relative to the center of the first fixed shaft, ensuring that the two push rods have identical but opposite motion trajectories when rotating. When the first drive push rod is rotating and responsible for the pushing action, the second drive push rod is in an unloaded return state, and vice versa, effectively utilizing the kinetic energy of the rotating body and ensuring the balance of forward and reverse driving forces.

[0042] This embodiment achieves reliable mechanical timing control. By incorporating the control logic into first and second drive holes of different sizes, it completely eliminates the risk of motion disorder caused by sensor failure, software error, or electromagnetic interference.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the blade group 220 includes a first main blade, a second main blade, and a third main blade arranged in a stacked manner; the attenuation through-hole 330 is disposed on the second main blade. The stacked arrangement means that the three blades are stacked sequentially in a parallel plane along the same axis of rotation (the first fixed axis), and the stacking order is: the first main blade is closest to the drive source (the first rotating body), the second main blade is in the middle, and the third main blade is furthest away. Each blade has an independent but collaboratively designed profile, drive hole, and swing angle. Three blades are the minimum and optimal solution for effectively shielding a large aperture. Two blades are difficult to completely cover a large aperture without interference within a limited lateral swing space; four or more blades result in a complex structure, large cumulative error, and large stacking height. In this embodiment, the attenuation through-hole is placed on the middle second main blade. The surface of the attenuation through-hole is protected by the first and third main blades above and below. In the retracted state and during movement, it is not easy to directly contact external dust or assembly tools, reducing the risk of blockage or damage.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the intermediate plate 140 is provided with a support plate group 150 located on the swinging distal end side of the blade group 220. The support plate group 150 includes at least two parallel stacked support plates, and a gap is formed between adjacent support plates to accommodate the distal edge of the main blade. The distal edge of the main blade is embedded in the corresponding gap so that each main blade remains parallel when swinging.

[0045] In this embodiment, the support plate assembly is fixed to the intermediate plate and positioned at the opposite end to the first fixed axis, i.e., the free end or distal end of the main blade, effectively providing a fulcrum at the other end of the main blade's length. A narrow guide groove is formed between every two adjacent support plates, each guide groove precisely corresponding to the thickness of one main blade. As the main blade rotates around the proximal fixed axis, its distal edge is always embedded in the corresponding guide groove gap and slides along that gap. Throughout the entire swinging process from retraction to deployment, the distal ends of all main blades are restricted to move within their respective parallel planes, preventing significant lateral swaying or out-of-plane twisting.

[0046] This embodiment improves the planarity of blade motion and attitude stability. Without distal support, a long blade acts like a cantilever beam fixed at one end. During startup, shutdown, and external vibrations, the distal end will inevitably experience flutter and torsion perpendicular to the plane of motion. The support assembly can eliminate out-of-plane deformation, prevent light leakage gaps caused by blade torsion, and improve overall reliability.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the intermediate plate 140 has clearance holes 160 for avoiding the movement trajectories of the first drive push rod 212 and the second drive push rod 213. The clearance holes ensure that the drive push rods are not subject to any additional or unintended mechanical constraints throughout their entire stroke, preventing friction or even jamming between the push rod and the hole wall due to machining or assembly errors, thereby ensuring smooth, reliable, and low-wear operation of the entire main shutter assembly.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, the Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the attenuation shutter assembly 300 includes a second fixed shaft, and the attenuation blade 320 is rotatably sleeved on the second fixed shaft through a shaft hole; The attenuation blade 320 is provided with a third driving hole 321. The second rotating body of the second electromagnetic drive mechanism 310 is connected to the third driving hole 321, and the axis of the second rotating body coincides with the axis of the second fixed shaft. The rotation of the second rotating body drives the attenuation blade 320 to rotate around the second fixed shaft. The attenuation blade 320 is also provided with a limiting groove 322, and a fixed limiting post 323 is inserted into the limiting groove 322. The extension path of the limiting groove 322 corresponds to the swing arc segment of the attenuation blade 320 to limit its rotation angle range.

[0049] In this embodiment, the drive push rod of the second rotating body is directly inserted into or fixedly connected to the third drive hole on the attenuation blade. When the second rotating body is driven to rotate by electromagnetic force, the driving torque is directly and losslessly transmitted to the attenuation blade, causing it to rotate around the second fixed axis. The limiting groove is preferably a fan-shaped groove, corresponding to the required working angle range of the attenuation blade (e.g., 20° from the "open" position to the "closed" position). When the attenuation blade rotates, the limiting post slides within the groove. Once the attenuation blade rotates to its limit position, the limiting post will contact either end of the limiting groove, forming a mechanical hard stop and preventing the blade from continuing to move.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, both the first electromagnetic drive mechanism 210 and the second electromagnetic drive mechanism 310 include a coil assembly 311, a rotating body, and two stator arms 312 arranged opposite to each other. One end of the two stator arms 312 is connected by the coil assembly 311, and the other end of the two stator arms 312 is arc-shaped, with a circular gap formed between the two arc-shaped ends. The rotating body is disposed in the circular gap and is a permanent magnet. Under the drive of the magnetic field generated in the circular gap between the ends of the two stator arms 312 when the coil assembly 311 is energized, the permanent magnet switches between two stable magnetic pole corresponding positions.

[0051] In this embodiment, one end of each of the two stator arms is electrically and magnetically connected via a coil assembly (typically referring to a magnetic core or iron core wound with coils), while the other end is machined into an arc shape, forming a circular gap between them. The permanent magnet rotating body is placed within this gap, constituting a nearly closed magnetic circuit. The gap between the stator arms and the high-permeability rotating body creates a low-resistance path. The operating steps are as follows: Steady State 1 (No Electricity or One Polarity): The permanent magnet's own magnetic field will cause its N / S poles to automatically align to the path of least magnetic resistance, thus forming a stable adsorption state with the two arc-shaped stator ends. This is a magnetically self-locking stable position.

[0052] Trigger switching: When a short pulse current in the correct direction is applied to the coil, an additional control magnetic field is generated. This magnetic field is enhanced by superimposed on the permanent magnet's magnetic field in one air gap and weakened by canceling it out in the other air gap, thereby generating a net torque that drives the permanent magnet to rotate.

[0053] Steady state two: After the permanent magnet rotates by a certain angle (e.g., 60°-90°), the relative relationship between its magnetic poles and the arc-shaped end of the stator reverses, reaching a new stable position with minimum magnetic resistance, and is firmly attracted. After the pulse current is removed, the mechanism remains stably maintained in the new position.

[0054] The electromagnetic drive mechanism in this embodiment requires electrical energy only during the switching instant, and consumes zero power during the on or off state held for hours or even permanently. This is crucial for thermal imaging systems that require long standby or battery power, completely solving the heat and energy consumption problems caused by the continuous power supply required by traditional electromagnets or motors to maintain position. Furthermore, regardless of power outages, malfunctions, or active shutdowns, the mechanism will remain firmly locked in its last position. For shutter applications, this means that in the event of an unexpected power outage, the shutter will not open or close uncontrollably, but will remain in its state before the power outage, such as in a protective decay or fully closed state, preventing the detector from being exposed to strong light due to uncontrolled operation.

[0055] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a thermal imaging system, including an infrared detector and an overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement, as in one or more of the above-described alternative embodiments, wherein the infrared shutter mechanism is disposed in front of the imaging optical path of the infrared detector.

[0056] This embodiment integrates the aforementioned shutter mechanism, enabling the thermal imaging system to cope with instantaneous ultra-strong radiation. It can activate optical attenuation protection without human intervention, eliminating the risk of the detector chip being burned out.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement, characterized in that, include: The housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing, as well as a main imaging optical path hole that passes through the upper housing and the lower housing. An intermediate plate is fixedly disposed between the upper housing and the lower housing, and the intermediate plate has a through hole corresponding to the main imaging optical path hole. The main shutter assembly, disposed on the upper housing, includes a first electromagnetic drive mechanism and a blade group, wherein the blade group is driven by the first electromagnetic drive mechanism and is used to shield or open the main imaging optical path aperture. A shutter attenuation assembly is disposed on the lower housing and includes a second electromagnetic drive mechanism and a single attenuation blade. The attenuation blade is driven by the second electromagnetic drive mechanism and is used to block or open an attenuation through hole provided on a blade in the blade group. The infrared shutter mechanism has at least the following features: Full-pass state: The main shutter assembly is open, causing the blade group to retract to one side of the main imaging optical path aperture; the attenuation shutter assembly is open, causing the attenuation blades to retract to one side of the main imaging optical path aperture. Attenuation state: When the main shutter assembly is closed, the blade group opens and blocks the main imaging optical path aperture, and the attenuation through hole is located in the main imaging optical path aperture; when the attenuation shutter assembly is open, the attenuation blades retract to one side of the main imaging optical path aperture. Fully closed state: The main shutter assembly is closed, causing the blade group to open and block the main imaging optical path aperture, and the attenuation shutter assembly is closed, causing the attenuation blades to block the attenuation through-hole.

2. The overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate plate is provided with at least one limiting structure for mechanically limiting the swing limit position of the blade group. The limiting structure includes a first limiting block and a second limiting block that bend from the edge of the intermediate plate and tilt toward the blade group. The first limiting block is used to limit the limit position of the blade group in the opening direction, and the second limiting block is used to limit the limit position of the blade group in the closing direction and blocking the main imaging optical path aperture.

3. The overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade group of the main shutter assembly includes at least two main blades that are stacked and can swing about the same axis; The first electromagnetic drive mechanism drives all the main blades to swing asynchronously through a push rod assembly. The push rod assembly includes a first rotating body that can rotate around a first fixed axis, and a first drive push rod and a second drive push rod fixed on the first rotating body and rotating with it. The first fixed axis is coaxial with the first rotating body. The first drive push rod and the second drive push rod drive the main blades to block or open the main imaging optical path aperture under the rotation of the first rotating body.

4. The overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first drive push rod and the second drive push rod are arranged symmetrically with the axis of the first fixed shaft as the center; Each of the main blades is provided with a first driving hole that cooperates with the first driving push rod and a second driving hole that cooperates with the second driving push rod. The dimensions of the first driving holes on each of the main blades are different along the rotation direction of the first driving push rod, so that when the first rotating body rotates along the first direction, the first driving push rod can sequentially drive each of the main blades to swing at different angles to jointly block the main imaging optical path hole. The second driving holes on each of the main blades have different dimensions along the rotation direction of the second driving push rod, so that when the first rotating body rotates in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the second driving push rod can sequentially drive each of the main blades to swing at different angles until they leave the main imaging optical path hole and stack up.

5. The overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blade assembly includes a first main blade, a second main blade, and a third main blade arranged in a stacked manner; the attenuation through-hole is disposed on the second main blade.

6. The overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intermediate plate is provided with a support plate group located on the far end of the blade group's swing. The support plate group includes at least two parallel stacked support plates, and a gap is formed between adjacent support plates to accommodate the far edge of the main blade. The far edge of the main blade is embedded in the corresponding gap so that each main blade remains parallel when swinging.

7. The overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intermediate plate is provided with avoidance holes to avoid the movement trajectories of the first drive push rod and the second drive push rod.

8. The overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attenuation shutter assembly includes a second fixed shaft, and the attenuation blades are rotatably sleeved on the second fixed shaft through a shaft hole; The attenuation blade is provided with a third driving hole, and the second rotating body of the second electromagnetic drive mechanism is connected to the third driving hole. The axis of the second rotating body coincides with the axis of the second fixed shaft. The rotation of the second rotating body drives the attenuation blade to rotate around the second fixed shaft. The attenuation blade is also provided with a limiting groove, and a fixed limiting post is inserted into the limiting groove. The extension path of the limiting groove corresponds to the swing arc segment of the attenuation blade to limit its rotation angle range.

9. The overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first electromagnetic drive mechanism and the second electromagnetic drive mechanism include a coil assembly, a rotating body, and two stator arms arranged opposite each other. One end of the two stator arms is connected by the coil assembly, and the other end of the two stator arms is arc-shaped, with a circular gap formed between the two arc-shaped ends. The rotating body is disposed in the circular gap and is a permanent magnet. Under the drive of the magnetic field generated in the circular gap between the ends of the two stator arms when the coil assembly is energized, the permanent magnet switches between two stable magnetic pole corresponding positions.

10. A thermal imaging system, comprising an infrared detector and an overload-resistant infrared shutter mechanism for high-temperature measurement as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the infrared shutter mechanism is disposed in front of the imaging optical path of the infrared detector.

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