Oil cooling power assembly and electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides an oil cooling power assembly and an electric vehicle, and relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, a shell of the oil cooling power assembly comprises a motor cavity and a speed reducer cavity, an oil cooling loop of the oil cooling power assembly comprises a plurality of first oil outlet holes, and the first oil outlet holes are distributed in the circumferential direction of a driving motor at intervals; the first oil outlet holes are distributed in the cavity wall of the speed reducer cavity, the opening directions of the first oil outlet holes deviate from the motor cavity, and the distance between the first oil outlet holes and the axis of the driving motor in the radial direction of the driving motor is larger than half of the outer diameter of the sun gear. In the radial direction of the driving motor, the distance between the first oil outlet holes and the axis of the driving motor is smaller than half of the inner diameter of the center hole of the planet carrier, the first oil outlet holes can convey oil in an oil cooling loop to a sun gear and a plurality of planet gears in a speed reducer cavity, and therefore directional active lubrication can be conducted on the sun gear and the planet gears; the cooling and lubricating efficiency of the planet gear set can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and in particular to an oil-cooled powertrain and an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Planetary gear reducers in powertrains need to withstand high power density and high speed conditions, and their lubrication directly affects transmission efficiency, lifespan, and noise levels. Currently, splash lubrication or concentrated oil spray lubrication methods are mainly used to lubricate the planetary gear sets of planetary gear reducers. However, this results in uneven distribution of lubricating oil, leading to insufficient lubrication of the planetary gear sets and low lubrication efficiency. Insufficient lubrication of the planetary gear sets can also easily lead to local dry friction of the gears, accelerate gear surface wear, and reduce the reliability and energy efficiency of the planetary gear reducer. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an oil-cooled powertrain and an electric vehicle to improve the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the sun gear and multiple planet gears of the planetary reducer in the oil-cooled powertrain, and to ensure the normal operation of the planetary reducer.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an oil-cooled powertrain for driving the wheels of an electric vehicle. The housing of the oil-cooled powertrain includes a motor cavity and a reducer cavity. The motor cavity houses the stator and rotor of a drive motor, and the reducer cavity houses the planetary gear set of a planetary reducer. The drive shaft of the sun gear in the planetary gear set passes through the central hole of the planet carrier and is connected to the drive motor. The sun gear meshes with multiple planet gears of the planetary gear set. The oil-cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain includes multiple first oil outlets, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the drive motor. The first oil outlets are located on the cavity wall of the reducer cavity, with their openings facing away from the motor cavity. The distance between the first oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is greater than half the outer diameter of the sun gear, and the distance between the first oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is less than half the inner diameter of the central hole of the planet carrier.

[0005] In this embodiment, multiple first oil outlets of the oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain are distributed on the cavity wall of the reducer chamber, with the openings of the first oil outlets facing away from the motor cavity. This allows the oil in the oil cooling circuit to be transported through the cavity wall of the reducer chamber to the multiple first oil outlets and into the reducer chamber. The distance between the first oil outlets and the axis of the drive motor is greater than half the outer diameter of the sun gear, and less than half the inner diameter of the center hole of the planetary carrier. This allows the multiple first oil outlets to deliver oil to the sun gear and multiple planetary gears, thereby providing directional active lubrication to the sun gear, multiple planetary gears, and their meshing surfaces. This improves the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary gear set, and thus enhances the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the oil-cooled powertrain. It also helps reduce the risk of localized dry friction in the gears and increased wear on the gear surfaces, improving the operational reliability of the planetary reducer.

[0006] In one embodiment, the cavity wall of the reducer cavity is used to fix the bearing of the planetary carrier. The oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain also includes a second oil outlet, which is distributed on the cavity wall of the reducer cavity. The opening of the second oil outlet faces away from the motor cavity. The distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is greater than half of the inner diameter of the bearing of the planetary carrier, and the distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is less than half of the outer diameter of the bearing of the planetary carrier.

[0007] In this embodiment, the second oil outlet is distributed on the cavity wall of the reducer cavity, and the opening of the second oil outlet faces away from the motor cavity, so that the oil in the oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain can be transported from the second oil outlet to the reducer cavity to cool and lubricate the planetary gear set of the planetary reducer.

[0008] In this embodiment, the distance between the second oil outlet in the radial direction of the drive motor and the axis of the drive motor is greater than half the inner diameter of the planetary carrier bearing, and the distance between the second oil outlet in the radial direction of the drive motor and the axis of the drive motor is less than half the outer diameter of the planetary carrier bearing. This allows the second oil outlet to be arranged opposite to the planetary carrier bearing along the axial direction of the drive motor, so that the oil output from the second oil outlet can be directionally delivered to the planetary carrier bearing, thereby lubricating the planetary carrier bearing and improving the lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer.

[0009] In one embodiment, a plurality of first oil outlets and second oil outlets are used to output oil received by the same internal flow channel of the housing, and the connection between the first oil outlets and the internal flow channel of the housing is different from the connection between the second oil outlets and the internal flow channel of the housing.

[0010] In this embodiment, multiple first oil outlet holes and second oil outlet holes are used to output oil received by the same internal flow channel of the housing, which makes the structure of the oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain simpler and also helps to save space for the oil cooling circuit pipeline layout.

[0011] In this embodiment, the connection between the first oil outlet and the internal flow channel of the housing is different from that between the second oil outlet and the internal flow channel of the housing. This allows the oil output from the first and second oil outlets to have different states, enabling better distribution of the oil in the same internal flow channel of the housing to the bearings of the sun gear, planet gears, and planet carrier of the planetary gear set for cooling and lubrication.

[0012] In one embodiment, the diameter of each first oil outlet is smaller than the diameter of the second oil outlet. The smaller diameter of the first oil outlet allows for pressurization of the oil flowing through it, making it easier to spray the oil onto the sun gear and planet gears, which are farther away from the first oil outlet, for cooling and lubrication. The larger diameter of the second oil outlet allows for a larger output of oil to the adjacent planet carrier bearings, providing lubrication to those bearings.

[0013] In one embodiment, along the axial direction of the drive motor, the length of the first oil outlet is shorter than the length of the second oil outlet. The longer length of the second oil outlet facilitates its insertion into the flow channel wall inside the housing to receive oil from the flow channel. The shorter length of the first oil outlet facilitates a shorter and faster oil output path after reaching the first oil outlet, which is beneficial for faster delivery of oil to the sun gear and planet gears for cooling and lubrication.

[0014] In one embodiment, multiple first oil outlets are connected to an internal flow channel of the housing via an annular flow channel, and second oil outlets are distributed on the flow channel wall of the internal flow channel and directly connected to the internal flow channel of the housing. Since there is a distance between the first oil outlets and the sun gear and planet gears along the axial direction of the drive motor, the annular flow channel connects the internal flow channel of the housing and the multiple first oil outlets. Because the size of the annular flow channel is larger than the first oil outlets, the oil can be pressurized when delivered from the annular flow channel to the multiple first oil outlets. This allows for a longer spray distance of the oil output from the first oil outlets, facilitating the delivery of oil to the sun gear and planet gears and improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the sun gear and planet gears. The oil output from the multiple first oil outlets all originates from the same annular flow channel, which helps to ensure similar oil output from the multiple first oil outlets, resulting in more uniform oil delivery and more even lubrication of the planet gear set, leading to better lubrication performance.

[0015] In one embodiment, the cavity wall of the motor cavity is used to fix the bearing of the motor shaft of the drive motor. The oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain further includes at least one third oil outlet, which is distributed on the cavity wall of the motor cavity, and the opening of the third oil outlet faces away from the reducer cavity. Specifically, the distance between the radial direction of the third oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor is greater than half the inner diameter of the bearing of the motor shaft, and the distance between the radial direction of the third oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor is less than half the outer diameter of the bearing of the motor shaft; or, the distance between the radial direction of the third oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor is greater than half the outer diameter of the bearing of the motor shaft, and the distance between the radial direction of the third oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor is less than half the outer diameter of the rotor.

[0016] In this embodiment of the application, the oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain further includes at least one third oil outlet. The third oil outlet is distributed on the cavity wall of the motor cavity, and the opening of the third oil outlet faces away from the reducer cavity, so that the oil in the oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain can be transported to the motor cavity through the third oil outlet to cool and lubricate the drive motor, which is beneficial to improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the oil-cooled powertrain.

[0017] In this embodiment, the distance between the third oil outlet hole along the radial direction of the drive motor and the axis of the drive motor is greater than half the inner diameter of the bearing of the motor shaft, and the distance between the third oil outlet hole along the radial direction of the drive motor and the axis of the drive motor is less than half the outer diameter of the bearing of the motor shaft. This allows the third oil outlet hole to be arranged opposite to the bearing of the motor shaft along the axial direction of the drive motor, thereby enabling the third oil outlet hole to directionally deliver oil to the bearing of the motor shaft for cooling and lubrication, which is beneficial to improving the cooling and lubrication effect of the oil-cooled powertrain.

[0018] In one embodiment, the distance between the third oil outlet hole in the radial direction of the drive motor and the axis of the drive motor is greater than half the outer diameter of the bearing of the motor shaft, and the distance between the third oil outlet hole in the radial direction of the drive motor and the axis of the drive motor is less than half the outer diameter of the rotor.

[0019] In this embodiment, the distance between the third oil outlet in the radial direction of the drive motor and the axis of the drive motor is greater than half the outer diameter of the bearing of the motor shaft, and the distance between the third oil outlet in the radial direction of the drive motor and the axis of the drive motor is less than half the outer diameter of the rotor. This allows the third oil outlet in the axial direction of the drive motor to be arranged opposite to the rotor of the drive motor, so that the oil output from the third oil outlet can be delivered to the rotor to cool the rotor, thereby helping to prevent the drive motor from failing due to overheating and ensuring the normal operation of the drive motor.

[0020] In one embodiment, the distance between the third oil outlet in the radial direction of the drive motor and the axis of the drive motor is greater than the distance between the inner circumferential surface of the rotor end ring and the axis of the drive motor, and the distance between the third oil outlet in the radial direction of the drive motor and the axis of the drive motor is less than the distance between the outer circumferential surface of the rotor end ring and the axis of the drive motor. This allows the oil output from the third oil outlet to be delivered to the end ring of the rotor, and after being thrown off by the rotor rotation, it can be delivered to the end windings of the stator for cooling, thereby improving the cooling effect of the oil-cooled powertrain.

[0021] In one embodiment, the oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain further includes an annular flow channel, which is distributed around the circumference of the drive motor. The annular flow channel is used to output oil through a plurality of first oil outlet holes. Half of the outer diameter of the annular flow channel along the radial direction of the drive motor is greater than the distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor, and half of the inner diameter of the annular flow channel along the radial direction of the drive motor is less than the distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor.

[0022] In this embodiment, the annular flow channel is distributed circumferentially around the drive motor. The annular flow channel is used to output oil through multiple first oil outlets, allowing oil to be delivered from one annular flow channel to multiple first oil outlets. This simplifies the housing oil circuit structure for supplying oil to multiple first oil outlets. The fact that all coolant originates from the same annular flow channel also helps to ensure similar oil output from multiple first oil outlets, resulting in more uniform oil delivery and more even and effective cooling and lubrication of the sun gear and planetary gears in the planetary gear set. Because the size of the annular flow channel is larger than the size of the first oil outlets, the oil can be pressurized when delivered from the annular flow channel to the multiple first oil outlets. This allows for a longer spray distance of the oil output from the first oil outlets, facilitating the delivery of oil to the sun gear and planetary gears, improving oil utilization, and enhancing the cooling and lubrication effect of the sun gear and multiple planetary gears, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer.

[0023] In this embodiment, half of the outer diameter of the radial annular flow channel of the drive motor is greater than the distance between the first oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor, and half of the inner diameter of the radial annular flow channel of the drive motor is less than the distance between the first oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor. This makes multiple first oil outlets located within the envelope of the annular flow channel along the axial direction of the drive motor, allowing the annular flow channel to simultaneously deliver oil to multiple first oil outlets. This enables the oil in the annular flow channel to be output from multiple first oil outlets, which is beneficial to improving the cooling and lubrication effect of the oil on the sun gear and multiple planetary gears, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer.

[0024] In one embodiment, the housing of the oil-cooled powertrain further includes a partition for separating the motor cavity and the reducer cavity. The oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain also includes internal flow channels distributed within the housing, and a first oil outlet for discharging oil received from the oil pump of the oil-cooled powertrain via the internal flow channels.

[0025] In this embodiment, the oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain further includes internal flow channels within the housing. These internal flow channels are distributed within the partition. A first oil outlet is used to output the oil received from the oil pump of the oil-cooled powertrain via the internal flow channels within the housing. This allows the first oil outlet to receive oil from the oil pump of the oil-cooled powertrain through the internal flow channels located within the partition, eliminating the need for additional oil piping, saving space, and simplifying the oil circuit structure of the oil-cooled powertrain. Directly transporting the oil from the oil pump into the oil cooling circuit to the reducer cavity via the housing oil circuit also simplifies the formation process of the oil circuit from the oil pump to the planetary reducer, thus reducing the manufacturing cost of the oil circuit.

[0026] In one embodiment, the partition includes a shaft hole for accommodating the drive shaft between the rotor and the sun gear of the drive motor. The partition is also used to fix an annular oil guide for enclosing the shaft hole to form an annular flow channel, which connects the internal flow channel of the housing and a plurality of first oil outlet holes.

[0027] In this embodiment, the partition is also used to fix the annular oil guide, which is used to enclose the shaft hole to form an annular flow channel. The annular flow channel is formed by the cooperation between the annular oil guide and the shaft hole of the partition. Compared with forming the annular flow channel directly on the partition, it is beneficial to simplify the oil circuit structure of the partition and reduce the difficulty of the oil circuit processing technology for supplying oil to multiple first oil outlet holes through the flow channel inside the shell of the partition.

[0028] In one embodiment, the shaft hole is used to accommodate the embedding of the annular oil guide, the distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is less than half of the outer diameter of the annular oil guide, and the distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is greater than half of the inner diameter of the annular oil guide.

[0029] In this embodiment, the shaft hole is used to accommodate the embedding of the annular oil guide, so that the annular oil guide can be fixed through the hole wall of the shaft hole, which also helps to improve the relative sealing of the annular flow channel and reduce the risk of oil leakage.

[0030] In this embodiment, the distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is less than half the outer diameter of the annular oil guide, and the distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is greater than half the inner diameter of the annular oil guide. This allows the first oil outlet hole to be located within the envelope of the annular flow channel formed by the shaft hole of the annular oil guide and the partition along the axial direction of the drive motor. This enables the first oil outlet hole to transport the oil in the annular flow channel to the reducer cavity, thereby cooling and lubricating the sun gear and multiple planetary gears and improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer.

[0031] In one embodiment, the bore wall of the axial hole of the partition includes an annular protrusion, which is used to cooperate with the annular oil guide to form an annular flow channel. The first oil outlet hole passes through at least one of the annular protrusion or the annular oil guide along the axial direction of the drive motor.

[0032] In this embodiment of the application, the hole wall of the axial hole of the partition includes an annular protrusion. The annular protrusion is used to cooperate with the annular oil guide to form an annular flow channel, so that the annular protrusion can serve as the flow channel wall of the annular flow channel, making it convenient for the annular oil guide to directly form an annular flow channel using the annular protrusion, thus simplifying the formation structure of the annular flow channel.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first oil outlet hole passes through at least one of the annular protrusion or the annular oil guide along the axial direction of the drive motor, so that the first oil outlet hole can output the oil in the annular flow channel formed by the annular protrusion and the annular oil guide to the reducer cavity, so as to cool and lubricate the sun gear and planet gear of the planetary reducer and improve the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer.

[0034] In one embodiment, the annular oil guide includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is closer to the motor cavity than the second portion, and the outer diameter of the first portion is larger than the outer diameter of the second portion. The first portion is used to be embedded in the wall of the shaft hole, and the second portion is used to be embedded in an annular protrusion in the hole wall. This allows the annular oil guide to be firmly fixed to the shaft hole of the partition, and also improves the relative sealing performance of the annular flow channel formed by the annular oil guide and the shaft hole.

[0035] In one embodiment, the oil inlet holes of the annular flow channel are distributed on the hole wall of the shaft hole. The oil inlet holes of the annular flow channel are used to receive oil transported by the internal flow channel of the housing. The diameter of the oil inlet holes of the annular flow channel is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet hole.

[0036] In this embodiment, the oil inlet holes of the annular flow channel are distributed on the wall of the shaft hole. This arrangement facilitates the direct reception of oil from the internal flow channel of the housing located inside the partition, resulting in a shorter and faster path for oil delivery from the internal flow channel to the annular flow channel. It also allows for direct machining of the annular flow channel's oil inlet holes during the draft molding process to form the internal flow channel of the housing, simplifying the machining process.

[0037] In this embodiment, the diameter of the oil inlet of the annular flow channel is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet. The larger diameter of the oil inlet facilitates faster reception of oil from the internal flow channels of the housing. The smaller diameter of the first oil outlet allows for pressurization and increased flow rate of the oil as it exits from the annular flow channel. This facilitates the delivery of oil to the planetary gears and sun gear within the reducer cavity, providing directional active lubrication and improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer.

[0038] In one embodiment, the internal flow channel of the housing includes a first section and a second section. The distance between the first section and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is greater than the distance between the second section and the axis of the drive motor. The aperture of the first section is greater than the aperture of the second section. The second section is used to receive the oil output by the oil pump of the oil-cooled powertrain received by the first section.

[0039] In this embodiment, the distance between the first segment and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is greater than the distance between the second segment and the axis of the drive motor. The diameter of the first segment is larger than the diameter of the second segment. The larger diameter of the first segment facilitates better reception of the oil pump output from the oil-cooled powertrain. The smaller diameter of the second segment allows the oil delivered from the first segment to the second segment to be pressurized and accelerated as it flows through the second segment. This facilitates the second segment, which has a higher flow rate, to deliver the oil to the first oil outlet. The first oil outlet then delivers the higher-velocity oil to the reducer cavity for cooling and lubrication of the sun gear and planet gears of the planetary reducer, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer.

[0040] In one embodiment, the partition includes a shaft hole for accommodating the drive shaft between the rotor and the sun gear of the drive motor. The outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing is distributed on the hole wall of the shaft hole, and the diameter of the outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet hole.

[0041] In this embodiment, the orifice diameter of the outlet of the internal flow channel is larger than the orifice diameter of the first oil outlet. The larger orifice diameter facilitates the output of oil from the oil pump of the oil-cooled powertrain received by the internal flow channel. The smaller orifice diameter of the first oil outlet allows for pressurization when the oil is transported from the internal flow channel to multiple first oil outlets, enabling the oil to be delivered at a faster flow rate into the reducer cavity for cooling and lubrication of the sun gear and planet gears of the planetary reducer, thus improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer. The larger orifice diameter of the internal flow channel outlet further facilitates the output of oil from the internal flow channel.

[0042] In one embodiment, the partition further includes a planetary carrier bearing groove, which is distributed on the side of the partition facing the reducer cavity. The shaft hole penetrates the planetary carrier bearing groove along the axial direction of the drive motor. The bottom of the planetary carrier bearing groove includes a plurality of first oil outlet holes and at least one second oil outlet hole. The distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is less than the distance between the second oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor. The first oil outlet hole penetrates the planetary carrier bearing groove. The second oil outlet hole is used to penetrate the bottom of the planetary carrier bearing groove to connect to the second section of the internal flow channel of the housing. The diameter of the second oil outlet hole is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet hole and smaller than the diameter of the outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing.

[0043] In this embodiment, the distance between the first oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is smaller than the distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor. This allows multiple first and second oil outlets to deliver oil to different locations within the reducer cavity. The smaller distance between the first oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor facilitates the oil output from the first oil outlet reaching the sun gear and planet gears of the planetary reducer for cooling and lubrication. The larger distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor facilitates the oil output from the second oil outlet reaching the bearings of the planetary carrier for lubrication.

[0044] In this embodiment of the application, the second oil outlet is used to penetrate the bottom of the planetary carrier bearing groove and connect to the second section of the internal flow channel of the housing, so that the second oil outlet can directly receive the oil delivered by the second section with a smaller diameter, and the oil can be quickly delivered from the second oil outlet to the planetary carrier bearing.

[0045] In this embodiment, the diameter of the second oil outlet is larger than that of the first oil outlet. The larger diameter of the second oil outlet facilitates the output of more oil received from the second section of the internal flow channel of the housing for lubrication of the planetary carrier bearings, thus improving the lubrication effect of the planetary carrier bearings. Since the sun gear and planetary gears of the planetary reducer require more oil than the planetary carrier bearings, the diameter of the second oil outlet is smaller than the outlet diameter of the internal flow channel. This smaller diameter results in less oil output from the second oil outlet compared to the output from the internal flow channel, allowing more oil from the internal flow channel to be delivered to the planetary gears and sun gear of the planetary reducer for cooling and lubrication, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer.

[0046] In one embodiment, the partition further includes a motor bearing groove, which is distributed on the side of the partition facing the motor cavity. A shaft hole penetrates the motor bearing groove along the axial direction of the drive motor, and the bottom of the motor bearing groove includes a third oil outlet. The third oil outlet is used to penetrate the groove wall of the motor bearing groove on the partition to connect to a first section of the internal flow channel of the housing. The distance between the third oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is greater than the distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor. The depth of the third oil outlet along the axial direction is greater than the depth of the second oil outlet, and the diameter of the third oil outlet is greater than the diameter of the second oil outlet. Alternatively, the third oil outlet is used to penetrate the bottom of the motor bearing groove to connect to a second section of the internal flow channel of the housing. The distance between the third oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is less than the distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor. The depth of the third oil outlet along the axial direction is less than the depth of the second oil outlet, and the diameter of the third oil outlet is greater than the diameter of the first oil outlet and smaller than the diameter of the outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing.

[0047] In this embodiment, the third oil outlet is used to penetrate the groove wall of the motor bearing slot on the partition plate and connect to the first section of the internal flow channel of the housing, so that the third oil outlet can receive the oil from the first section with a larger aperture in the internal flow channel of the housing, thereby allowing the third oil outlet to receive more oil and deliver it to the rotor of the drive motor to cool the rotor.

[0048] In this embodiment, the distance between the third oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is greater than the distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor. This allows the third oil outlet to conveniently receive oil from the first section of the internal flow channel of the housing, which is farther from the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction. Conversely, the distance between the second oil outlet and the axial direction of the drive motor is smaller, allowing the second oil outlet to conveniently receive oil from the second section of the internal flow channel of the housing, which is closer to the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction.

[0049] In this embodiment, the depth of the third oil outlet along the axial direction of the drive motor is greater than the depth of the second oil outlet. The greater depth of the third oil outlet makes it closer to the rotor of the drive motor, which facilitates the delivery of oil to the rotor for cooling.

[0050] In this embodiment, the diameter of the third oil outlet is larger than that of the second oil outlet. The larger diameter of the third oil outlet allows it to receive more oil, which is beneficial for meeting the large oil volume requirement for cooling the rotor. The smaller diameter of the second oil outlet is still sufficient to meet the lubrication requirements of the planetary carrier bearings, thereby improving the overall cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer.

[0051] In one embodiment, the third oil outlet is used to penetrate to the bottom of the motor bearing groove and connect to the second section of the internal flow channel of the housing. The distance between the third oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is less than the distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor. The depth of the third oil outlet along the axial direction of the drive motor is less than the depth of the second oil outlet. The diameter of the third oil outlet is greater than the diameter of the first oil outlet and less than the diameter of the outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing.

[0052] In this embodiment, the third oil outlet is used to penetrate to the bottom of the motor bearing groove and connect to the second section of the internal flow channel of the housing, so that the third oil outlet can receive oil from the second section of the internal flow channel of the housing and deliver it to the bearing of the motor shaft for lubrication.

[0053] In this embodiment, the distance between the third oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is smaller than the distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor. This smaller distance allows the third oil outlet to be closer to the bearing on the motor shaft that is closer to the axis of the drive motor, facilitating oil output from the third oil outlet to lubricate the bearing on the motor shaft. Conversely, the larger distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor allows the second oil outlet to be closer to the bearing on the planetary carrier that is farther from the axis of the drive motor, facilitating oil output from the second oil outlet to lubricate the bearing on the planetary carrier.

[0054] In this embodiment, the diameter of the third oil outlet is larger than that of the first oil outlet. The larger diameter of the third oil outlet allows for a greater volume of oil to flow through the internal channels of the housing, facilitating the output of more oil from the third oil outlet to lubricate the bearings of the power motor shaft, which is beneficial for improving the lubrication effect of the planetary carrier bearings.

[0055] In this embodiment, the diameter of the third oil outlet is smaller than the diameter of the outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing. The smaller diameter of the third oil outlet and the larger diameter of the outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing result in a larger volume of oil output from the outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing. This facilitates the delivery of more oil in the internal flow channel of the housing through the outlet of the internal flow channel and multiple first oil outlets to the planetary gears and sun gear of the planetary reducer, thereby cooling and lubricating the planetary gears and sun gear and improving the cooling and lubrication effect of the planetary reducer.

[0056] Secondly, this application provides an electric vehicle including wheels and an oil-cooled powertrain as described in the first aspect, the oil-cooled powertrain being used to drive the wheels.

[0057] In the oil-cooled powertrain of this application embodiment, multiple first oil outlets of the oil cooling circuit are distributed on the cavity wall of the reducer chamber, with the openings of the first oil outlets facing away from the motor cavity. This allows oil in the oil cooling circuit to be transported through the cavity wall of the reducer chamber to the multiple first oil outlets and input into the reducer chamber. The distance between the first oil outlets and the axis of the drive motor is greater than half the outer diameter of the sun gear, and less than half the inner diameter of the center hole of the planetary carrier. This allows the multiple first oil outlets to deliver oil to the sun gear and multiple planetary gears, thereby enabling directional active lubrication of the sun gear, multiple planetary gears, and their meshing surfaces. This improves the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary gear set, and thus enhances the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the oil-cooled powertrain. It also helps reduce the risk of localized dry friction in the gears and accelerated wear on the gear surface, improving the reliability of the planetary reducer. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an oil-cooled powertrain provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of an oil-cooled powertrain provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the M1 section of the oil-cooled powertrain;

[0063] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity wall of the reducer cavity provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the M2 section of the cavity wall of the intermediate reducer chamber;

[0065] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the M3 section of the oil-cooled powertrain;

[0066] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the partition provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the partition and annular oil guide provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of the M4 section of the partition. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0070] This application provides an oil-cooled powertrain for driving the wheels of an electric vehicle. The housing of the oil-cooled powertrain includes a motor cavity and a reducer cavity. The motor cavity houses the stator and rotor of a drive motor, and the reducer cavity houses the planetary gear set of a planetary reducer. The drive shaft of the sun gear in the planetary gear set passes through the central hole of the planet carrier and is connected to the drive motor. The sun gear meshes with multiple planet gears of the planetary gear set. The oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain includes multiple first oil outlets, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the drive motor. The first oil outlets are located on the cavity wall of the reducer cavity, with their openings facing away from the motor cavity. The distance between the first oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is greater than half the outer diameter of the sun gear, and the distance between the first oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is less than half the inner diameter of the central hole of the planet carrier.

[0071] By distributing multiple first oil outlets of the oil cooling circuit in the oil-cooled powertrain along the cavity wall of the reducer chamber, with the openings of the first oil outlets facing away from the motor cavity, oil in the oil cooling circuit can be transported through the cavity wall of the reducer chamber to the multiple first oil outlets and input into the reducer chamber. The distance between the first oil outlets and the axis of the drive motor is greater than half the outer diameter of the sun gear, and less than half the inner diameter of the central hole of the planetary carrier. This allows the multiple first oil outlets to deliver oil to the sun gear and multiple planetary gears, enabling directional active lubrication of the sun gear, multiple planetary gears, and their meshing surfaces. This improves the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary gear set, thereby enhancing the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the oil-cooled powertrain. It also helps reduce the risk of localized dry friction in gears and accelerated wear on gear surfaces, improving the reliability of the planetary reducer.

[0072] This application provides an oil-cooled powertrain, which is applied to electric vehicles to improve their performance.

[0073] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle 1 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0074] In one embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 includes an oil-cooled powertrain 10, a frame 20, and a power battery 30, such as Figure 1 As shown, the frame 20 is used to mount the oil-cooled powertrain 10 and the power battery 30. In this embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 refers to a wheeled device driven or towed by a power unit. In this embodiment, the oil-cooled powertrain 10 is used to drive the wheels 40.

[0075] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an oil-cooled powertrain 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0076] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the oil-cooled powertrain 10 includes a drive motor 100, a planetary reducer 200, and a motor controller 300.

[0077] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the drive motor 100 includes a motor shaft 110, a stator 120, and a rotor 130, while the planetary reducer 200 includes a gear set. The motor controller 300 receives power from the power battery 30. In the drive motor 100, the rotor 130 is fixedly mounted on the motor shaft 110. The stator 120, after receiving current from the motor controller 300, drives the rotor 130 to rotate, thereby causing the motor shaft 110 to rotate. The motor shaft 110 of the drive motor 100 transmits kinetic energy to the gear set of the planetary reducer 200, which in turn transmits power to the wheel 40 via half-shafts, driving the wheel 40 to move.

[0078] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the planetary reducer 200 includes a planetary gear set 200a, which includes a sun gear 210, multiple planet gears 220, a ring gear (not shown), a planet carrier 230, and multiple planet shafts (not shown). The sun gear 210 of the planetary gear set 200a receives power, the planet carrier 230 outputs power, and the multiple planet gears 220 mesh between the sun gear 210 and the ring gear. In one embodiment, the sun gear 210 of the planetary gear set 200a is used to drive the motor shaft 110 of the drive motor 100, and the planet carrier 230 is used to drive the half-shaft of the wheel 40. The half-shaft of the wheel 40 is coaxially arranged with the motor shaft 110 of the drive motor 100.

[0079] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the housing 400 of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 includes a motor cavity 410 and a reducer cavity 420. The motor cavity 410 is used to house the stator 120 and rotor 130 of the drive motor 100. The reducer cavity 420 is used to house the planetary gear set 200a of the planetary reducer 200. The drive shaft 240 of the sun gear 210 in the planetary gear set 200a passes through the central hole 231 of the planet carrier 230 and is connected to the drive motor 100. The sun gear 210 is used to mesh with the multiple planet gears 220 of the planetary gear set 200a.

[0080] Existing technology:

[0081] This application distributes multiple first oil outlets of the oil cooling circuit in the oil-cooled powertrain on the cavity wall of the reducer chamber, with the openings of the first oil outlets facing away from the motor cavity. This allows oil in the oil cooling circuit to be transported through the cavity wall of the reducer chamber to the multiple first oil outlets and into the reducer chamber. The distance between the first oil outlets and the axis of the drive motor is greater than half the outer diameter of the sun gear, and less than half the inner diameter of the center hole of the planetary carrier. This allows the multiple first oil outlets to deliver oil to the sun gear and multiple planetary gears, enabling directional active lubrication of the sun gear and multiple planetary gears. This improves the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary gear set, thereby enhancing the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the oil-cooled powertrain. It also helps reduce the risk of localized dry friction in the gears and accelerated wear on the gear surface, improving the reliability of the planetary reducer.

[0082] The oil-cooled powertrain 10 provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below.

[0083] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the M1 section of the oil-cooled powertrain 10. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity wall 421 of the reducer cavity 420 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the M2 portion of the cavity wall 421 of the intermediate reducer cavity 420.

[0084] In one embodiment, such as Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 includes multiple first oil outlet holes 510, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, multiple first oil outlet holes 510 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction C of the drive motor 100. The first oil outlet holes 510 are distributed on the cavity wall 421 of the reducer cavity 420, as shown. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the opening 511 of the first oil outlet 510 faces away from the motor cavity 410. The distance between the first oil outlet 510 and the axis of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is greater than half of the outer diameter of the sun gear 210. The distance between the first oil outlet 510 and the axis of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is less than half of the inner diameter of the center hole 231 of the planetary carrier 230.

[0085] In this embodiment, the first oil outlet holes 510 are distributed on the cavity wall 421 of the reducer cavity 420, and the openings 511 of the first oil outlet holes 510 face away from the motor cavity 410. This allows multiple first oil outlet holes 510 in the oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 to deliver oil into the reducer cavity 420, thereby cooling and lubricating the planetary gear set 200a of the planetary reducer 200. The multiple first oil outlet holes 510 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction C of the drive motor 100, making the oil input into the reducer cavity 420 from the multiple first oil outlet holes 510 distributed on the cavity wall 421 of the reducer cavity 420 more uniform. This results in better cooling and lubrication of the planetary gear set 200a of the planetary reducer 200, which is beneficial to ensuring the normal operation of the planetary reducer 200.

[0086] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the axis of the drive motor 100 is denoted as N, the radial distance R of the drive motor 100 is denoted as L1, the distance between the first oil outlet 510 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is denoted as L2, and half the outer diameter of the sun gear 210 is denoted as L2. L1 > L2, and L1 is larger, so that when the oil is transported from the first oil outlet 510 to the reducer cavity 420, it will not be blocked by the sun gear 210 fixed to the transmission shaft 240, which facilitates the input of oil into the reducer cavity 420 to cool and lubricate the sun gear 210 and multiple planet gears 220 of the planetary gear set 200a.

[0087] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the distance between the first oil outlet 510 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is L1, and half of the inner diameter of the central hole 231 of the planetary carrier 230 is denoted as L3. L1 < L3, and L1 is smaller, so that the oil is not blocked by the planetary carrier 230 during the process of being transported from the first oil outlet 510 to the reducer cavity 420. This allows the oil output from the first oil outlet 510 to flow smoothly through the central hole 231 of the planetary carrier 230 and be transported to the reducer cavity 420 to cool and lubricate the sun gear 210 and multiple planet gears 220 of the planetary gear set 200a of the planetary reducer 200.

[0088] In this embodiment, since the drive shaft 240 of the sun gear 210 in the planetary gear set 200a passes through the central hole 231 of the planet carrier 230 and is connected to the drive motor 100, and the sun gear 210 meshes with multiple planet gears 220, with L1 > L2 and L1 < L3, multiple first oil outlet holes 510 can deliver oil to the sun gear 210 and multiple planet gears 220. Through the rotation of multiple planet gears 220 and their meshing with the sun gear 210, the meshing surfaces of the sun gear 210 and multiple planet gears 220 are lubricated, realizing directional active lubrication of the sun gear 210 and multiple planet gears 220. This is beneficial to improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary gear set 200a, reducing the risk of local dry friction of gears and aggravated wear on gear surfaces, thereby improving the reliability of the planetary reducer 200. Multiple first oil outlet holes 510 are distributed at intervals along the circumference C of the drive motor 100, so that the oil output from the multiple first oil outlet holes 510 can be evenly delivered to the multiple planetary gears 220 and the sun gear 210, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication effect of the planetary reducer.

[0089] In this embodiment, multiple first oil outlet holes 510 of the oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 are distributed on the cavity wall 421 of the reducer cavity 420, and the openings 511 of the first oil outlet holes 510 are oriented away from the motor cavity 410. This allows the oil in the oil cooling circuit 500 to be transported through the cavity wall 421 of the reducer cavity 420 to the multiple first oil outlet holes 510 and input into the reducer cavity 420. The distance between the first oil outlet holes 510 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is greater than that of the sun gear. The distance between the first oil outlet 510 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is less than half the outer diameter of the central hole 231 of the planetary carrier 230. This allows multiple first oil outlets 510 to deliver oil to the sun gear 210 and multiple planetary gears 220, thereby enabling directional active lubrication of the sun gear 210, multiple planetary gears 220, and their meshing surfaces. This improves the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary gear set 200a, and consequently enhances the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the oil-cooled powertrain 10. It also helps reduce the risk of localized dry friction in the gears and increased wear on the gear surfaces, thus improving the operational reliability of the planetary reducer 200.

[0090] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the cavity wall 421 of the reducer cavity 420 is used to fix the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230. The oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled power assembly 10 also includes a second oil outlet 520. The second oil outlet 520 is distributed on the cavity wall 421 of the reducer cavity 420. The opening 521 of the second oil outlet 520 faces away from the motor cavity 410. The distance between the second oil outlet 520 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is greater than half of the inner diameter of the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230. The distance between the second oil outlet 520 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is less than half of the outer diameter of the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230.

[0091] In this embodiment, the oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled power assembly 10 further includes a second oil outlet 520. The second oil outlet 520 is distributed on the cavity wall 421 of the reducer cavity 420. The opening 521 of the second oil outlet 520 faces away from the motor cavity 410, so that the oil in the oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled power assembly 10 can be transported from the second oil outlet 520 to the reducer cavity 420 to lubricate the planetary gear set 200a of the planetary reducer 200.

[0092] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the distance between the second oil outlet 520 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is denoted as L4. Half of the inner diameter of the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230 is denoted as L5, and half of the outer diameter of the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230 is denoted as L6. L4 > L5 and L4 < L6, so that the second oil outlet 520 can be arranged opposite to the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230 along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100. This allows the oil output from the second oil outlet 520 to be directionally transported to the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230, thereby lubricating the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230 and improving the lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer 200.

[0093] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, multiple first oil outlet holes 510 and second oil outlet holes 520 are used to output oil received by the same internal flow channel 530 of the housing. The connection between the first oil outlet hole 510 and the internal flow channel 530 of the housing is different from the connection between the second oil outlet hole 520 and the internal flow channel 530 of the housing.

[0094] In this embodiment, multiple first oil outlet holes 510 and second oil outlet holes 520 are used to output oil received by the same internal flow channel 530 of the housing, which makes the structure of the oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled power assembly 10 simpler and also helps to save the pipeline layout space of the oil cooling circuit 500.

[0095] In this embodiment, the connection between the first oil outlet 510 and the internal flow channel 530 of the housing is different from the connection between the second oil outlet 520 and the internal flow channel 530 of the housing. This allows the oil output from the first oil outlet 510 and the second oil outlet 520 to have different states, enabling the oil in the same internal flow channel 530 of the housing to be better distributed and delivered to the sun gear 210, planet gear 220 and the bearing 250 of the planet carrier 230 of the planetary gear set 200a for cooling and lubrication.

[0096] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the diameter of each first oil outlet 510 is smaller than the diameter of the second oil outlet 520. The smaller diameter of the first oil outlet 510 allows the oil to be pressurized as it flows through it, making it easier to spray the oil onto the sun gear 210 and planet gear 220, which are farther away from the first oil outlet 510, thus cooling and lubricating them. The larger diameter of the second oil outlet 520 allows it to output a larger amount of oil to the adjacent planet carrier 230 bearing 250, thus lubricating it.

[0097] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100, the length of the first oil outlet 510 is less than the length of the second oil outlet 520. The second oil outlet 520 is longer, which facilitates the second oil outlet 520 to penetrate deep into the flow channel wall of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing to receive the oil in the internal flow channel 530 of the housing.

[0098] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, multiple first oil outlet holes 510 are connected to the internal flow channel 530 of the housing through an annular flow channel 540, and second oil outlet holes 520 are distributed on the flow channel wall of the internal flow channel 530 and are directly connected to the internal flow channel 530 of the housing. Since there is a distance between the first oil outlet holes 510 and the sun gear 210 and planet gear 220 along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100, the internal flow channel 530 of the housing and the multiple first oil outlet holes 510 are connected by an annular flow channel 540. Since the size of the annular flow channel 540 is larger than that of the first oil outlet holes 510, the oil can be pressurized when it is transported from the annular flow channel 540 to the multiple first oil outlet holes 510. This allows the oil output from the first oil outlet holes 510 to spray a longer distance, making it easier to transport to the sun gear 210 and planet gear 220, which is beneficial to improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the sun gear and planet gear 220. The oil output from the multiple first oil outlets 510 all comes from the same annular flow channel 540, which helps to make the oil output of the multiple first oil outlets 510 similar, the oil delivery more uniform, and the lubrication of the planetary gear set 200a more uniform and the lubrication effect better.

[0099] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the cavity wall 411 of the motor cavity 410 is used to fix the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110 of the drive motor 100. The oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 also includes at least one third oil outlet 550. The third oil outlet 550 is distributed on the cavity wall 411 of the motor cavity 410, and the opening 551 of the third oil outlet 550 faces away from the reducer cavity 420. The distance between the third oil outlet 550a along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is greater than half the inner diameter of the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110, and the distance between the third oil outlet 550a along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is less than half the outer diameter of the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110.

[0100] In this embodiment, the oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 further includes at least one third oil outlet 550. The third oil outlet 550 is distributed on the cavity wall 411 of the motor cavity 410. The opening 551 of the third oil outlet 550 faces away from the reducer cavity 420, so that the oil in the oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 can be transported to the motor cavity 410 through the third oil outlet 550 to cool and lubricate the drive motor 100.

[0101] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the distance between the third oil outlet 550a along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is denoted as L7, half of the inner diameter of the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110 is denoted as L8, and half of the outer diameter of the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110 is denoted as L9. L7 > L8 and L7 < L9, so that the third oil outlet 550a can be arranged opposite to the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110 along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100. This allows the third oil outlet 550a to deliver oil to the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110 for cooling and lubrication, which is beneficial to improving the cooling and lubrication effect of the oil-cooled power assembly 10.

[0102] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the M3 section of the oil-cooled powertrain 10.

[0103] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the distance between the third oil outlet 550b along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is greater than half the outer diameter of the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110, and the distance between the third oil outlet 550b along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is less than half the outer diameter of the rotor 130.

[0104] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7As shown, the distance between the third oil outlet 550b along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is denoted as L10. Half of the outer diameter of the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110 is denoted as L9, and half of the outer diameter of the rotor 130 is denoted as L11. L10 > L9, L9 < L11, so that the third oil outlet 550b along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100 can be arranged opposite to the rotor 130 of the drive motor 100. This allows the oil output from the third oil outlet 550b to be delivered to the rotor 130 to cool the rotor 130, thereby helping to prevent the drive motor 100 from failing due to overheating and ensuring the normal operation of the drive motor 100.

[0105] In one embodiment, the distance between the third oil outlet 550b along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is greater than the distance between the inner circumferential surface of the end ring 131 of the rotor 130 and the axis N of the drive motor 100, and the distance between the third oil outlet 550b along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is less than the distance between the outer circumferential surface of the end ring 131 of the rotor 130 and the axis N of the drive motor 100. This allows the oil output from the third oil outlet 550b to the end ring 131 of the rotor 130 to be transported to the end windings of the stator 120 after being spun out by the rotation of the rotor 130, thereby cooling the end windings and improving the cooling effect of the oil-cooled powertrain 10.

[0106] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 also includes an annular flow channel 540. The annular flow channel 540 is distributed around the circumference C of the drive motor 100. The annular flow channel 540 is used to output oil through multiple first oil outlet holes 510. Half of the outer diameter of the annular flow channel 540 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is greater than the distance between the first oil outlet hole 510 and the axis N of the drive motor 100. Half of the inner diameter of the annular flow channel 540 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is less than the distance between the first oil outlet hole 510 and the axis N of the drive motor 100.

[0107] In this embodiment, the annular flow channel 540 is distributed around the circumference C of the drive motor 100. The annular flow channel 540 is used to output oil through multiple first oil outlet holes 510, so that oil can be delivered to multiple first oil outlet holes 510 through one annular flow channel 540. This simplifies the housing oil circuit structure for supplying oil to multiple first oil outlet holes 510. The fact that the coolant all comes from the same annular flow channel 540 also helps to make the oil output of multiple first oil outlet holes 510 similar, resulting in more uniform oil delivery and more uniform and better cooling and lubrication of the sun gear 210 and planet gears 220 of the planetary gear set 200a. Since the size of the annular flow channel 540 is larger than that of the first oil outlet 510, the oil can be pressurized when it is transported from the annular flow channel 540 to the multiple first oil outlets 510. This allows the oil output from the first oil outlets 510 to spray a longer distance, making it easier to transport the oil to the sun gear 210 and planet gears 220, improving oil utilization, and enhancing the cooling and lubrication effect of the sun gear 210 and the multiple planet gears 220, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer 200.

[0108] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, half of the outer diameter of the radial annular flow channel 540 of the drive motor 100 is denoted as L12, the distance between the first oil outlet 510 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is L1, and half of the inner diameter of the radial annular flow channel 540 of the drive motor 100 is denoted as L13, where L12 > L1 and L13 < L1. This ensures that multiple first oil outlets 510 are located within the envelope of the annular flow channel 540 along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100, allowing the annular flow channel 540 to simultaneously supply oil to multiple first oil outlets 510. This enables the oil in the annular flow channel 540 to be output from multiple first oil outlets 510, which is beneficial for improving the cooling and lubrication effect of the oil on the sun gear 210 and multiple planetary gears 220, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer 200.

[0109] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the housing 400 of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 also includes a partition 430, which separates the motor cavity 410 and the reducer cavity 420. The oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 also includes internal flow channels 530 distributed within the partition 430. A first oil outlet 510 is used to discharge oil received from the oil pump (not shown) of the oil-cooled powertrain 10 by the internal flow channels 530.

[0110] In this embodiment, the oil cooling circuit 500 of the oil-cooled power assembly 10 further includes an internal flow channel 530 located inside the housing. The internal flow channel 530 is distributed within the partition 430. A first oil outlet 510 is used to output the oil received from the oil pump of the oil-cooled power assembly 10 by the internal flow channel 530. This allows the first oil outlet 510 to receive the oil from the oil pump of the oil-cooled power assembly 10 through the internal flow channel 530 located in the partition 430, eliminating the need for additional oil pipes, saving space, and simplifying the oil circuit structure of the oil-cooled power assembly 10. Directly transporting the oil from the oil pump into the oil cooling circuit 500 to the reducer cavity 420 via the housing oil circuit also simplifies the formation process of the oil circuit from the oil pump to the planetary reducer 200, reducing the manufacturing cost of the oil circuit.

[0111] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the partition 430 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the partition 430 and the annular oil guide 440 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of the M4 section of the partition 430.

[0112] In one embodiment, such as Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the partition 430 includes a shaft hole 431, which is used to avoid the transmission shaft 240 between the rotor 130 and the sun gear 210 of the drive motor 100. The partition 430 is also used to fix the annular oil guide 440, which is used to surround the shaft hole 431 to form an annular flow channel 540. The annular flow channel 540 is used to connect the internal flow channel 530 of the housing and a plurality of first oil outlet holes 510.

[0113] In this embodiment, the partition 430 is also used to fix the annular oil guide 440. The annular oil guide 440 is used to surround the shaft hole 431 to form an annular flow channel 540. The annular flow channel 540 is formed by the cooperation between the annular oil guide 440 and the shaft hole 431 of the partition 430. Compared with directly forming the annular flow channel 540 in the partition 430, it is beneficial to simplify the oil circuit structure of the partition 430 and reduce the difficulty of the oil circuit processing technology for the flow channel 530 inside the housing of the partition 430 to deliver oil to multiple first oil outlet holes 510.

[0114] In one embodiment, such as Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the shaft hole 431 is used to accommodate the embedding of the annular oil guide 440. The distance between the first oil outlet hole 510 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is less than half of the outer diameter of the annular oil guide 440, and the distance between the first oil outlet hole 510 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is greater than half of the inner diameter of the annular oil guide 440.

[0115] In this embodiment, the shaft hole 431 is used to accommodate the embedding of the annular oil guide 440, so that the annular oil guide 440 can be fixed through the hole wall 4310 of the shaft hole 431, which also helps to improve the relative sealing of the annular flow channel 540 and reduce the risk of oil leakage.

[0116] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the distance between the first oil outlet 510 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is denoted as L1. Half of the outer diameter of the annular oil guide 440 is denoted as L14, and half of the inner diameter of the annular oil guide 440 is denoted as L15. L1 < L14, L1 > L15, so that the first oil outlet 510 along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100 can be located within the envelope of the annular flow channel 540 formed by the annular oil guide 440 and the shaft hole 431 of the partition 430. This allows the first oil outlet 510 to transport the oil in the annular flow channel 540 to the reducer cavity 420 to cool and lubricate the sun gear 210 and multiple planet gears 220, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer 200.

[0117] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the hole wall 4310 of the shaft hole 431 of the partition 430 includes an annular protrusion 4311. The annular protrusion 4311 is used to cooperate with the annular oil guide 440 to form an annular flow channel 540. The first oil outlet hole 510 passes through at least one of the annular protrusion 4311 or the annular oil guide 440 along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100.

[0118] In this embodiment of the application, the hole wall 4310 of the shaft hole 431 of the partition 430 includes an annular protrusion 4311. The annular protrusion 4311 is used to cooperate with the annular oil guide 440 to form an annular flow channel 540, so that the annular protrusion 4311 can serve as the flow channel wall of the annular flow channel 540, making it convenient for the annular oil guide 440 to directly use the annular protrusion 4311 to form the annular flow channel 540, thus simplifying the formation structure of the annular flow channel 540.

[0119] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the first oil outlet 510 passes through at least one of the annular protrusion 4311 or the annular oil guide 440 along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100, so that the first oil outlet 510 can output the oil in the annular flow channel 540 formed by the cooperation of the annular protrusion 4311 and the annular oil guide 440 to the reducer cavity 420, so as to cool and lubricate the sun gear 210 and planet gear 220 of the planetary reducer 200 and improve the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer 200.

[0120] In one embodiment, the annular oil guide 440 includes a first portion 441 and a second portion 442. The first portion 441 is closer to the motor cavity 410 than the second portion 442. The outer diameter of the first portion 441 is larger than the outer diameter of the second portion 442. The first portion 441 is used to be embedded in the hole wall 4310 of the shaft hole 431, and the second portion 442 is used to be embedded in the annular protrusion 4311 of the hole wall 4310. This allows the annular oil guide 440 to be firmly fixed to the shaft hole 431 of the partition 430, and also improves the relative sealing performance of the annular flow channel 540 formed by the annular oil guide 440 and the shaft hole 431.

[0121] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the oil inlet 541 of the annular flow channel 540 is distributed on the hole wall 4310 of the shaft hole 431. The oil inlet 541 of the annular flow channel 540 is used to receive the oil transported by the internal flow channel 530 of the housing. The diameter of the oil inlet 541 of the annular flow channel 540 is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet 510.

[0122] In this embodiment, the oil inlet holes 541 of the annular flow channel 540 are distributed on the hole wall 4310 of the shaft hole 431. Distributing the oil inlet holes 541 of the annular flow channel 540 on the hole wall 4310 of the shaft hole 431 facilitates the direct receipt of oil from the internal flow channel 530 located inside the partition plate 430 by the oil inlet holes 541 of the annular flow channel 540. This results in a shorter and faster path for oil to be transported from the internal flow channel 530 to the annular flow channel 540. It also facilitates the direct machining of the oil inlet holes 541 of the annular flow channel 540 during the draft forming of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing, simplifying the machining process.

[0123] In this embodiment, the diameter of the oil inlet 541 of the annular flow channel 540 is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet 510. The larger diameter of the oil inlet 541 of the annular flow channel 540 facilitates faster receipt of oil from the internal flow channel 530 of the housing. The smaller diameter of the first oil outlet 510 allows for pressurization and increased flow rate of the oil when it exits from the annular flow channel 540. This facilitates the first oil outlet 510 in delivering the oil to the planetary gears 220 and sun gear 210 within the reducer cavity 420, enabling directional active lubrication of the planetary gears 220 and sun gear 210 and improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer 200.

[0124] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 and Figure 10As shown, the internal flow channel 530 of the housing includes a first section 531 and a second section 532. The distance between the first section 531 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is greater than the distance between the second section 532 and the axis N of the drive motor 100. The aperture of the first section 531 is greater than the aperture of the second section 532. The second section 532 is used to receive the oil output by the oil pump of the oil-cooled power assembly 10 received by the first section 531.

[0125] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the distance between the first segment 531 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R is greater than the distance between the second segment 532 and the axis N of the drive motor 100. The diameter of the first segment 531 is larger than the diameter of the second segment 532. The larger diameter of the first segment 531 facilitates better reception of the oil pump output from the oil-cooled power assembly 10. The smaller diameter of the second segment 532 allows the oil delivered from the first segment 531 to the second segment 532 to be pressurized and accelerated as it flows through the second segment 532. This facilitates the delivery of faster-flowing oil from the second segment 532 of the internal flow channel 530 to the first oil outlet 510. The first oil outlet 510 then delivers the faster-flowing oil to the reducer cavity 420 for cooling and lubrication of the sun gear 210 and planet gears 220 of the planetary reducer 200, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer 200.

[0126] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the partition 430 includes a shaft hole 431, which is used to avoid the transmission shaft 240 between the rotor 130 and the sun gear 210 of the drive motor 100. The outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530 is distributed in the hole wall 4310 of the shaft hole 431. The diameter of the outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530 is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet 510.

[0127] In this embodiment, the diameter of the outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530 is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet 510. The larger diameter of the outlet 533 facilitates the output of oil from the oil pump of the oil-cooled power assembly 10 received by the internal flow channel 530. The smaller diameter of the first oil outlet 510 allows for pressurization when the oil is transported from the outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530 to multiple first oil outlets 510, enabling the oil to be transported at a faster flow rate from the multiple first oil outlets 510 to the reducer cavity 420 for cooling and lubrication of the sun gear 210 and planet gears 220 of the planetary reducer 200, thus improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer 200. The larger diameter of the outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530 further facilitates the output of oil from the internal flow channel 530.

[0128] In one embodiment, such as Figures 6 to 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the partition 430 also includes a planetary carrier bearing groove 432. The planetary carrier bearing groove 432 is distributed on the side 434 of the partition 430 facing the reducer cavity 420. The shaft hole 431 passes through the planetary carrier bearing groove 432 along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100. The bottom 4320 of the planetary carrier bearing groove 432 includes a plurality of first oil outlet holes 510 and at least one second oil outlet hole 520. The distance between the first oil outlet hole 510 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is smaller than the distance between the second oil outlet hole 520 and the axis N of the drive motor 100. The first oil outlet hole 510 passes through the planetary carrier bearing groove 432. The second oil outlet hole 520 is used to penetrate the bottom 4320 of the planetary carrier bearing groove 432 to connect the second section 532 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing. The diameter of the second oil outlet hole 520 is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet hole 510 and smaller than the diameter of the outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing.

[0129] In this embodiment, the distance between the first oil outlet 510 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is smaller than the distance between the second oil outlet 520 and the axis N of the drive motor 100. This allows the multiple first oil outlets 510 and second oil outlets 520 to deliver oil to different positions within the reducer cavity 420. The smaller distance along the radial direction R between the first oil outlet 510 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 facilitates the oil output from the first oil outlet 510 reaching the sun gear 210 and planet gears 220 of the planetary reducer 200 for cooling and lubrication. The larger distance along the radial direction R between the second oil outlet 520 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 facilitates the oil output from the second oil outlet 520 reaching the bearings 250 of the planetary carrier 230 for lubrication.

[0130] In this embodiment, the second oil outlet 520 is used to penetrate into the bottom 4320 of the planetary carrier bearing groove 432 and connect to the second section 532 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing, so that the second oil outlet 520 can directly receive the oil delivered by the second section 532 with a smaller aperture, so that the oil can be quickly delivered from the second oil outlet 520 to the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230.

[0131] In this embodiment, the diameter of the second oil outlet 520 is larger than that of the first oil outlet 510. The larger diameter of the second oil outlet 520 facilitates the output of more oil received from the second section 532 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing, which is used to lubricate the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230 and improves the lubrication effect of the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230. Since the sun gear 210 and planet gear 220 of the planetary reducer 200 require more oil than the bearing 250 of the planet carrier 230, the diameter of the second oil outlet 520 is made smaller than the diameter of the outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing. The smaller diameter of the second oil outlet 520 means that the amount of oil output from the second oil outlet 520 is less than the amount of oil output from the outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing. This facilitates the delivery of more oil from the internal flow channel 530 of the housing to the planet gear 220 and sun gear 210 of the planetary reducer 200, thereby cooling and lubricating the planet gear 220 and sun gear 210 and improving the cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer 200.

[0132] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the partition 430 also includes a motor bearing groove 433, which is distributed on the side 435 of the partition 430 facing the motor cavity 410. The shaft hole 431 penetrates the motor bearing groove 433 along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100. The bottom 4330 of the motor bearing groove 433 includes a third oil outlet hole 550. The third oil outlet hole 550a is used to penetrate into the groove wall 4331 of the motor bearing groove 433 on the partition 430 to connect to the first section 531 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing. The distance between the third oil outlet hole 550a and the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is greater than the distance between the second oil outlet hole 520 and the axis N of the drive motor 100. The depth of the third oil outlet hole 550a along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100 is greater than the depth of the second oil outlet hole 520. The diameter of the third oil outlet hole 550a is greater than the diameter of the second oil outlet hole 520.

[0133] In this embodiment, the third oil outlet 550a is used to penetrate into the groove wall 4331 of the motor bearing groove 433 on the partition plate 430 and connect to the first section 531 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing, so that the third oil outlet 550a can receive the oil in the first section 531 with a larger aperture in the internal flow channel 530 of the housing, thereby allowing the third oil outlet 550 to receive more oil and deliver it to the rotor 130 of the drive motor 100 to cool down the rotor 130.

[0134] In this embodiment, the distance between the third oil outlet 550a along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is greater than the distance between the second oil outlet 520 and the axis N of the drive motor 100. This allows the third oil outlet 550a to conveniently receive oil from the first section 531 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing, which is farther from the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R. Conversely, the distance between the second oil outlet 520 and the axial direction O of the drive motor 100 is smaller, facilitating the second oil outlet 520 to receive oil from the second section 532 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing, which is closer to the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R.

[0135] In this embodiment, the depth of the third oil outlet 550a along the axial direction of the drive motor 100 is greater than the depth of the second oil outlet 520. The greater depth of the third oil outlet 550a makes it closer to the rotor 130 of the drive motor 100, which facilitates the third oil outlet 550a to deliver oil to the rotor 130 for cooling.

[0136] In this embodiment, the diameter of the third oil outlet 550a is larger than that of the second oil outlet 520. The larger diameter of the third oil outlet 550a allows it to receive more oil, which is beneficial for meeting the large oil volume requirement of the rotor 130 for cooling. The smaller diameter of the second oil outlet 520 is still sufficient to meet the oil volume requirement of the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230 for lubrication, thereby improving the overall cooling and lubrication efficiency of the planetary reducer 200.

[0137] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10As shown, the third oil outlet 550b is used to penetrate into the bottom 4330 of the motor bearing groove 433 and connect to the second section 532 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing. The distance between the third oil outlet 550b and the axis N of the drive motor 100 along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 is less than the distance between the second oil outlet 520 and the axis N of the drive motor 100. The depth of the third oil outlet 550b along the axial direction O of the drive motor 100 is less than the depth of the second oil outlet 520. The diameter of the third oil outlet 550b is greater than the diameter of the first oil outlet 510 and smaller than the diameter of the outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing.

[0138] In this embodiment, the third oil outlet 550b is used to penetrate into the bottom 4330 of the motor bearing groove 433 and connect to the second section 532 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing, so that the third oil outlet 550b can receive oil from the second section 532 of the internal flow channel 530 of the housing and deliver it to the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110 for lubrication.

[0139] In this embodiment, the distance between the third oil outlet 550b along the radial direction R of the drive motor 100 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 is smaller than the distance between the second oil outlet 520 and the axis N of the drive motor 100. This smaller distance allows the third oil outlet 550b to be closer to the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110, which is closer to the axis N of the drive motor 100, facilitating oil output from the third oil outlet 550b to lubricate the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110. Conversely, the larger distance between the second oil outlet 520 and the axis N of the drive motor 100 allows the second oil outlet 520 to be closer to the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230, which is farther from the axis N of the drive motor 100, facilitating oil output from the second oil outlet 520 to lubricate the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230.

[0140] In this embodiment, the diameter of the third oil outlet 550b is larger than that of the first oil outlet 510. The larger diameter of the third oil outlet 550b allows for a larger volume of oil to flow through the internal flow channel 530 of the housing, facilitating the output of more oil from the third oil outlet 550b to lubricate the bearing 140 of the motor shaft 110, which is beneficial for improving the lubrication effect of the bearing 250 of the planetary carrier 230.

[0141] In this embodiment, the diameter of the third oil outlet 550b is smaller than the diameter of the outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530. The smaller diameter of the third oil outlet 550b and the larger diameter of the outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530 result in a larger volume of oil output from the outlet 533 of the internal flow channel 530. This facilitates the transport of more oil from the internal flow channel 530 through the outlet 533 and multiple first oil outlets 510 to the planetary gears 220 and sun gear 210 of the planetary reducer 200 for cooling and lubrication, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication effect of the planetary reducer 200.

[0142] The oil-cooled powertrain and electric vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and embodiments of this application. The description of the embodiments above is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in specific embodiments and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An oil-cooled powertrain, characterized in that, The oil-cooled powertrain is used to drive the wheels of an electric vehicle. The housing of the oil-cooled powertrain includes a motor cavity and a reducer cavity. The motor cavity houses the stator and rotor of the drive motor, and the reducer cavity houses the planetary gear set of a planetary reducer. The drive shaft of the sun gear in the planetary gear set passes through the central hole of the planet carrier and is connected to the drive motor. The sun gear meshes with multiple planet gears of the planetary gear set, wherein: The oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain includes a plurality of first oil outlet holes, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the drive motor. The first oil outlet holes are distributed on the cavity wall of the reducer cavity, and the openings of the first oil outlet holes face away from the motor cavity. The distance between the first oil outlet holes and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is greater than half the outer diameter of the sun gear, and the distance between the first oil outlet holes and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is less than half the inner diameter of the central hole of the planetary carrier.

2. The oil-cooled powertrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity wall of the reducer cavity is used to fix the bearing of the planetary carrier. The oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain also includes a second oil outlet. The second oil outlet is distributed on the cavity wall of the reducer cavity. The opening of the second oil outlet faces away from the motor cavity. The distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is greater than half of the inner diameter of the bearing of the planetary carrier. The distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is less than half of the outer diameter of the bearing of the planetary carrier.

3. The oil-cooled powertrain according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of first oil outlet holes and second oil outlet holes are used to output oil received by the same internal flow channel of the housing. The connection between the first oil outlet hole and the internal flow channel of the housing is different from the connection between the second oil outlet hole and the internal flow channel of the housing.

4. The oil-cooled powertrain according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that, The cavity wall of the motor cavity is used to fix the bearing of the motor shaft of the drive motor. The oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain also includes at least one third oil outlet, which is distributed on the cavity wall of the motor cavity. The opening of the third oil outlet faces away from the reducer cavity, wherein: The distance between the third oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is greater than half the inner diameter of the bearing of the motor shaft, and the distance between the third oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is less than half the outer diameter of the bearing of the motor shaft; or, The distance between the third oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is greater than half the outer diameter of the bearing of the motor shaft, and the distance between the third oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is less than half the outer diameter of the rotor.

5. The oil-cooled powertrain according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain further includes an annular flow channel, which is distributed around the circumference of the drive motor. The annular flow channel is used to output oil through the plurality of first oil outlet holes. Half of the outer diameter of the annular flow channel along the radial direction of the drive motor is greater than the distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor, and half of the inner diameter of the annular flow channel along the radial direction of the drive motor is less than the distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor.

6. The oil-cooled powertrain according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The housing of the oil-cooled powertrain also includes a partition for separating the motor cavity and the reducer cavity, wherein: The oil cooling circuit of the oil-cooled powertrain also includes internal flow channels in the housing, which are distributed inside the partition. The first oil outlet is used to output the oil received by the internal flow channels in the housing from the oil pump of the oil-cooled powertrain.

7. The oil-cooled powertrain according to claim 6, characterized in that, The partition includes a shaft hole for avoiding the transmission shaft between the rotor of the drive motor and the sun gear. The partition is also used to fix an annular oil guide for surrounding the shaft hole to form an annular flow channel, which is used to connect the internal flow channel of the housing and the plurality of first oil outlet holes.

8. The oil-cooled powertrain according to claim 7, characterized in that, The shaft hole is used to accommodate the embedding of the annular oil guide. The distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is less than half of the outer diameter of the annular oil guide, and the distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is greater than half of the inner diameter of the annular oil guide.

9. The oil-cooled powertrain according to any one of claims 7-8, characterized in that, The hole wall of the shaft hole of the partition includes an annular protrusion, which is used to cooperate with the annular oil guide to form the annular flow channel. The first oil outlet hole passes through at least one of the annular protrusion or the annular oil guide along the axial direction of the drive motor.

10. The oil-cooled powertrain according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The oil inlet holes of the annular flow channel are distributed on the hole wall of the shaft hole. The oil inlet holes of the annular flow channel are used to receive the oil transported by the internal flow channel of the housing. The diameter of the oil inlet holes of the annular flow channel is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet hole.

11. The oil-cooled powertrain according to any one of claims 6-10, characterized in that, The internal flow channel of the housing includes a first section and a second section. The distance between the first section and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is greater than the distance between the second section and the axis of the drive motor. The aperture of the first section is greater than the aperture of the second section. The second section is used to receive the oil output by the oil pump of the oil-cooled powertrain received by the first section.

12. The oil-cooled powertrain according to claim 11, characterized in that, The partition includes a shaft hole for avoiding the transmission shaft between the rotor of the drive motor and the sun gear. The outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing is distributed on the hole wall of the shaft hole, and the diameter of the outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet hole.

13. The oil-cooled powertrain according to claim 12, characterized in that, The partition also includes a planetary carrier bearing groove, which is distributed on the side of the partition facing the reducer cavity. The shaft hole penetrates the planetary carrier bearing groove along the axial direction of the drive motor. The bottom of the planetary carrier bearing groove includes multiple first oil outlet holes and at least one second oil outlet hole. The distance between the first oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is less than the distance between the second oil outlet hole and the axis of the drive motor. The first oil outlet hole penetrates the planetary carrier bearing groove. The second oil outlet hole is used to extend into the bottom of the planetary carrier bearing groove to connect to the second section of the internal flow channel of the housing. The diameter of the second oil outlet hole is larger than the diameter of the first oil outlet hole and smaller than the diameter of the outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing.

14. The oil-cooled powertrain according to claim 13, characterized in that, The partition also includes a motor bearing groove, which is distributed on the side of the partition facing the motor cavity. The shaft hole penetrates the motor bearing groove along the axial direction of the drive motor. The bottom of the motor bearing groove includes a third oil outlet hole. The third oil outlet is used to penetrate the groove wall of the motor bearing slot on the partition plate and connect to the first section of the internal flow channel of the housing. The distance between the third oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction is greater than the distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor; the depth of the third oil outlet is greater than the depth of the second oil outlet along the axial direction of the drive motor; and the diameter of the third oil outlet is greater than the diameter of the second oil outlet. The third oil outlet is used to penetrate to the bottom of the motor bearing groove and connect to the second section of the internal flow channel of the housing. The distance between the third oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor along the radial direction of the drive motor is less than the distance between the second oil outlet and the axis of the drive motor. The depth of the third oil outlet along the axial direction of the drive motor is less than the depth of the second oil outlet. The diameter of the third oil outlet is greater than the diameter of the first oil outlet and less than the diameter of the outlet of the internal flow channel of the housing.

15. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, The electric vehicle includes wheels and an oil-cooled powertrain as described in any one of claims 1-14, the oil-cooled powertrain being used to drive the wheels.

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