Communication method and related device

Abstract

The invention provides a communication method and a related device, which are applied to the technical field of communication. In the embodiments of the present application, on one hand, a second communication device adds parameter information representing the number N of antenna array sub-ports in codebook configuration information, and after receiving the codebook configuration information from the second communication device, a first communication device performs CSI measurement according to the codebook configuration information and reports CSI reports corresponding to the N ports, therefore, the second communication device can acquire the CSI information, timely adjust related parameters, and effectively improve communication performance. And on the other hand, the codebook in the current protocol is mainly designed based on a dual-polarized antenna and does not relate to a multi-port antenna, so that the method and the device can be applied to multi-port antennas in various forms and can also be downwards compatible with the codebook of the dual-polarized antenna, and selection of application scenes can be more diversified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to communication methods and related devices. Background Technology

[0002] In practical product forms, such as macro base stations or micro base stations, antenna size is often limited. To achieve higher communication performance, such as spectral efficiency, within a limited antenna aperture, new design methods are needed. For example, increasing the number of ports in the antenna element increases the total number of antenna ports for a fixed aperture, thereby increasing the maximum number of data streams supported by the system. However, with the increase in ports, the corresponding codebook also needs to be expanded and port mapping needs to be performed. If there is a mismatch between the codebook structure and the multi-port antenna, it will significantly increase the loss of communication performance.

[0003] Therefore, how to match existing codebook structures and mapping rules with multi-port antennas to effectively improve communication performance is a hot research topic for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication method and related apparatus, which expands the dimensions of multi-port antennas, enabling existing codebook structures and mapping rules to match with multi-port antennas, fully leveraging the advantages of multi-port antennas, and effectively improving communication performance.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a method applicable to a first communication device, which may be, for example, a terminal or a communication module within a terminal, or a circuit or chip (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip or system-in-package (SIP) chip containing a modem core) responsible for communication functions within the terminal. The method includes: receiving codebook configuration information from a second communication device, wherein the codebook configuration information is information configuring a Channel State Information (CSI) report, the codebook configuration information including the number of ports supported by an N-port antenna array, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the CSI report being used to indicate a precoding matrix, the precoding matrix being used by the second communication device to transmit downlink data; performing CSI measurements based on the codebook configuration information to obtain CSI reports corresponding to the N ports; sending the CSI reports corresponding to the N ports to the second communication device; and transmitting the downlink data to the second communication device.

[0006] Optionally, the transmission can be either receiving or sending.

[0007] On the one hand, this application adds parameter information representing the number N of antenna sub-ports to the codebook configuration information by the second communication device. After receiving the codebook configuration information from the second communication device, the first communication device performs CSI measurement according to the codebook configuration information and reports the CSI report corresponding to the N ports, thereby enabling the second communication device to know the CSI information, adjust the relevant parameters in a timely manner, and effectively improve the communication performance.

[0008] On the other hand, the codebook in the current protocol is designed based on a dual-polarized antenna and does not involve multi-port antennas. This application can not only be applied to various forms of multi-port antennas, but is also backward compatible with codebooks for dual-polarized antennas, which makes the choice of application scenarios more diverse.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the step of performing CSI measurements based on the codebook configuration information to obtain CSI reports corresponding to the N ports includes: calculating the beamgroup and beam combining coefficients corresponding to the channel matrix based on the number of ports supported by the antenna arrays of the N ports and the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) parameters are determined based on the beamgroup and beam combining coefficients corresponding to the channel matrix, wherein the PMI parameters include the bandwidth amplitude adjustment coefficients i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l And the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l The number of feedbacks, the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i 1,4,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination yields i∈{0,1,…,NL-1}. The sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination obtained The sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l It is based on the index c corresponding to the N ports on the corresponding layer. l,i The resulting combination has each layer corresponding to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

[0010] In the above embodiment, the second communication device adds the feedback number of beam combining coefficients to the codebook configuration information. This allows the first communication device to include beam combining coefficients corresponding to N ports in the CSI report obtained after CSI measurement. Furthermore, the second communication device can expand the existing codebook supporting two-port dual-polarized antennas to a codebook supporting multi-port antennas with N≥2. Specifically, it expands "for co-located dual-polarized antenna elements that are grouped in pairs, have the same beam direction, and exhibit the same spatial multipath propagation characteristics, with only different phase rotation factors" to "for quasi-co-located multi-port antenna elements that are grouped in groups of N, with differences in both beam rotation factors and phase rotation factors between different ports." By expanding the codebook corresponding to the increased number of antenna element ports, the existing codebook structure can be matched with the multi-port antenna, effectively improving communication performance.

[0011] In another possible implementation, the PMI parameters further include the orthogonal beamgroup index of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device, the beam combination selected by the first communication device in the orthogonal beamgroup of each of the selected N ports, and the strongest beam number of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device on the corresponding layer, wherein the orthogonal beamgroup index of the Mth port is i. 1,1，M-1 1 ≤ M ≤ N, where M is an integer, and the beam combination of the Mth port is i. 1,2，M-1 The strongest beam at the Mth port on the lth layer is numbered i. 1,3,l Each layer corresponds to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

[0012] On the one hand, in the above implementation, PMI parameters can be reported for each port. Since each port measures and reports independently, the beams selected for each port may be different. The PMI parameters reported in this scheme are more comprehensive, and the codebook constructed based on this reporting method can select the beam for each port more accurately.

[0013] On the other hand, this application can be applied not only to multi-port antennas, but is also backward compatible with dual-polarized antennas, thus making the choice of application scenarios more diverse.

[0014] In another possible implementation, the antenna array includes an N-port antenna array based on the characteristic mode theory, where each port of the N-port antenna array corresponds to a far-field pattern, and the far-field patterns corresponding to different ports are orthogonal to each other.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a communication method applied to a second communication device. The second communication device may be, for example, a network device or a communication module within a network device, or a circuit or chip (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip) responsible for communication functions within the network device. The method includes: sending codebook configuration information to a first communication device, wherein the codebook configuration information is information configuring a Channel State Information (CSI) report, the codebook configuration information including the number of ports supported by an antenna array with N ports, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the CSI report indicating a precoding matrix, and the precoding matrix being used by the second communication device to transmit downlink data; receiving CSI reports from the first communication device corresponding to the N ports; determining the precoding matrix based on the CSI reports corresponding to the N ports; and transmitting the downlink data to the first communication device.

[0016] Optionally, the transmission can be either receiving or sending.

[0017] On the one hand, this application adds parameter information representing the number N of antenna element ports to the codebook configuration information by the second communication device. The second communication device needs to tell the first communication device the number of ports of a single antenna element so that the first communication device can perform CSI measurement according to the codebook configuration information and report the CSI report corresponding to the N ports. This allows the second communication device to obtain CSI information, adjust relevant parameters in a timely manner, and effectively improve communication performance.

[0018] On the other hand, this application can be applied not only to multi-port antennas, but is also backward compatible with dual-polarized antennas, thus making the choice of application scenarios more diverse.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the precoding matrix is ​​determined based on precoding matrix indicator (PMI) parameters, which are determined based on the number of ports supported by the N-port antenna arrays and the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). The PMI parameters include the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l And the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l The number of feedbacks, the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i 1,4,lIt is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination yields i∈{0,1,…,NL-1}. The sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination obtained The sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l It is based on the index c corresponding to the N ports on the corresponding layer. l,i The resulting combination has each layer corresponding to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

[0020] In the above embodiment, the second communication device adds the feedback number of beam combining coefficients to the codebook configuration information, so that the CSI report obtained by the first communication device after performing CSI measurement includes beam combining coefficients corresponding to N ports. This further enables the second communication device to expand the existing codebook supporting two-port dual-polarized antennas into a codebook supporting multi-port antennas with N≥2 ports. Specifically, it expands "for co-located dual-polarized antenna elements that are grouped in pairs, have the same beam direction, and experience the same spatial multipath propagation characteristics, and have only different phase rotation factors" to "for quasi-co-located multi-port antenna elements that are grouped in groups of N, and have different beam directions and phase rotation factors for different ports." By expanding the codebook corresponding to the increased number of antenna element ports, the existing codebook structure can be matched with the multi-port antenna, effectively improving communication performance.

[0021] In another possible implementation, the multi-level codebook W is obtained by linearly combining the spatial information W1 of the selected beam and the beam combining coefficients W2 corresponding to different ports among the N ports, where the beam combining coefficients W2 corresponding to different ports among the N ports are the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix P corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. WB ), Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix P( SB The block diagonal element B is obtained from the sub-band phase adjustment coefficient matrix C and the wave array shared by the N ports.

[0022] In the above implementation, by expanding the codebook corresponding to the number of ports of the added antenna elements, the existing codebook structure can be matched with the multi-port antenna, effectively improving communication performance.

[0023] In another possible implementation, when l = 1, the multi-level codebook W satisfies the following formula:

[0024] B = [b0, ..., b L-1 ],

[0025]

[0026] Where r corresponds to the port index {0, 1, ..., N-1}, l corresponds to the layer index Rank = 1, l = 0, Rank = 2, l ∈ {0, 1}, and i corresponds to the beam index i ∈ {0, 1, ..., L-1};

[0027] When l = 2, the multilevel codebook W satisfies the following formula:

[0028] in, r corresponds to port index {0.

[0029] 1, ..., N-1}, l corresponds to the layer index Rank=1, l=0, Rank=2, l∈{0,1}, and i corresponds to the beam index i∈{0,1, ...,L-1}.

[0030] In the above implementation, specifically, the dimension of the W1 matrix of the existing TYPE II codebook is expanded from a two-dimensional block diagonal matrix to an N-dimensional block diagonal matrix, and the number of rows of the W2 matrix is ​​expanded from 2L rows to NL rows, where N is the number of ports of the multi-port antenna. Wideband amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix P WB Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix P SB The matrix is ​​expanded from 2L*2L to NL*NL, and the sub-band phase adjustment coefficient matrix C is expanded from a 2L-dimensional column vector to an NL-dimensional column vector. By expanding the codebook corresponding to the increased number of ports of the antenna elements, the existing codebook structure can be matched with the multi-port antenna, effectively improving communication performance.

[0031] In another possible implementation, the PMI parameter information further includes the orthogonal beamgroup index of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device, the beam combination selected by the first communication device in the orthogonal beamgroup of each of the selected N ports, and the strongest beam number of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device on the corresponding layer, wherein the orthogonal beamgroup index of the Mth port is i. 1,1，M-1 1 ≤ M ≤ N, where M is an integer, and the beam combination of the Mth port is i. 1,2，M-1 The strongest beam at the Mth port on the lth layer is numbered i. 1,3,l Each layer corresponds to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

[0032] On the one hand, in the above implementation, PMI parameters can be reported for each port. Since each port measures and reports independently, the beams selected for each port may be different. The PMI parameters reported in this scheme are more comprehensive, and the codebook constructed based on this reporting method can select the beam for each port more accurately.

[0033] On the other hand, this application can be applied not only to multi-port antennas, but is also backward compatible with dual-polarized antennas, thus making the choice of application scenarios more diverse.

[0034] In another possible implementation, the antenna array includes an N-port antenna array based on the characteristic mode theory, where each port of the N-port antenna array corresponds to a far-field pattern, and the far-field patterns corresponding to different ports are orthogonal to each other.

[0035] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device that can be used in the first communication device of the first aspect. The communication device can be a terminal, a device in the terminal (e.g., a chip, a chip system, or a circuit), or a device that can be matched with the terminal. It can also be a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the terminal functions.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the communication device may include modules or units that perform the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the first aspect. These modules or units may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software.

[0037] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device that can be used in the second communication device of the second aspect. The communication device can be a network device, a device in a network device (e.g., a chip, a chip system, or a circuit), or a device that can be matched with a network device, or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of a network device.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the communication device may include modules or units that perform the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the second aspect one by one. These modules or units may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software.

[0039] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes at least one processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is used for inputting and / or outputting information, and the at least one processor is used for calling a computer program stored in at least one memory to implement the method described in any of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes at least one of the aforementioned memories. Optionally, the memory and processor are integrated together.

[0041] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes at least one processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is used for inputting and / or outputting information, and the at least one processor is used to call a computer program stored in at least one memory to implement the method described in any of the embodiments of the second aspect.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes at least one of the aforementioned memories. Optionally, the memory and processor are integrated together.

[0043] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes a logic circuit and an interface, the logic circuit and the interface being coupled; the interface is used to input and / or output information, and the logic circuit is used to implement the method described in any of the embodiments of the first to second aspects.

[0044] In one possible implementation of the seventh aspect, the communication device is a chip or chip system.

[0045] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication system including a first communication device and a second communication device, which are communicatively connected. The first communication device is used to implement the method of either the first or second aspect.

[0046] In a ninth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing instructions or a computer program; when the instructions or the computer program are executed, the method of any one of the embodiments of the first to second aspects is implemented.

[0047] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a computer program product including computer instructions that, when executed on at least one processor, can implement the methods described in any of the first to second aspects or any possible implementations thereof. Exemplarily, the computer program product can be a software installation package, which can be downloaded and executed on a computing device when the aforementioned methods are required.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in aspects three to ten of this application can be referred to the beneficial effects of the technical solutions in aspects one and two, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0049] The accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an O-RAN system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating the network element function division and protocol layer structure of an O-RAN system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a radiation pattern of a multiport antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of throughput results under different antenna and codebook combinations based on the RA2030 simulation platform, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the radiation direction of a three-port antenna element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna array configuration for performance simulation provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram comparing system performance simulation results provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 11 This is another schematic diagram comparing system performance simulation results provided in this application embodiment;

[0061] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 120 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device 130 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device 140 provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0065] The system architecture used in the embodiments of this application is described below. It should be noted that the system architecture and business scenarios described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0066] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown in (a), the communication system includes a first communication device 101 and a second communication device 102. Optionally, the communication system further includes a third communication device 103. Optionally, the first communication device 101, the second communication device 102, and the third communication device 103 can be the same type of device or different types of devices. For example, as shown in (a)... Figure 1 As shown in (b) above, the first communication device 101 is a terminal, the second communication device 102 is a first network device, and the third communication device 103 is a second network device. For example, as... Figure 1 As shown in (c), the first communication device 101 is a terminal, the second communication device 102 is a terminal, and the third communication device 103 is also a terminal. The architecture of the communication system will be described in detail below, taking the first communication device 101 as the terminal and the second communication device 102 as the first network device.

[0067] It is understood that, in the case where the communication system only includes the first communication device 101 and the second communication device 102, the communication system only shows one terminal and one network device. In actual use, an architecture of at least one terminal and / or at least one network device can be adopted as needed (e.g., Figure 1 (The architecture shown in (a)). For example, in Figure 2 The communication system shown includes one network device and multiple terminals, or multiple network devices and one terminal. A single network device can transmit downlink data or send codebook configuration messages to one or more terminals. Alternatively, a single terminal can simultaneously transmit downlink data to multiple network devices or receive codebook configuration messages.

[0068] Typically, network device 210 can be a node in a radio access network (RAN), such as a wireless relay device and / or a wireless backhaul device. Figure 2(Not shown in the image). Network device 210, sometimes referred to as access network device or RAN node (or device), forms part of a communication system and assists terminals in achieving wireless access. Network device 210 can also be a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) related cellular system, such as a 4th generation (4G) mobile communication system, a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, an NTN (non-terrestrial network) system, or a future-oriented evolution system (such as a 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system). Network device 210 can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, or a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0069] In this embodiment, network device 210 can be a non-terrestrial network (NTN) system. Network device 210 can also be in pass-through mode or regeneration mode, earth fixed cell or earth moving cell.

[0070] In the communication system 2000, multiple network devices 210 can be nodes of the same type or nodes of different types. In some scenarios, the roles of network devices 210 and terminals 220 are relative, for example, Figure 2 Network element 220i can be a helicopter or a drone, and it can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 220j that access RAN 200 through network element 220i, network element 220i is a base station; however, for base station 210a, network element 220i is a terminal. Network device 210 and terminal 220 are sometimes referred to as communication devices, for example... Figure 2 Network elements 210a and 210b can be understood as communication devices with base station functions, while network elements 220a-220j can be understood as communication devices with terminal functions. Terminal 220 connects to network device 210 wirelessly. Network device 210 connects to the core network wirelessly or via a wired connection. The core network device and network device 210 in the core network can be different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating core network logical functions and wireless access network logical functions.

[0071] In one possible scenario, network equipment can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmitting and receiving point (TRP), a transmitting point (TP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a base station in a future mobile communication system, a satellite, or an access point (AP) in a WiFi system, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or network equipment in a mobile switching center non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication system, meaning it can be deployed on high-altitude platforms or satellites. Network equipment can also be a macro base station (such as...). Figure 2 210a), micro base stations or indoor stations (such as Figure 2 The network device can be a relay node or donor node (as defined in section 210b), or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. It can also be a device that functions as a base station in device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, drone communication, or machine-to-machine (M2M) communication. Optionally, the network device can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology, the access network device can be a roadside unit (RSU).

[0072] In another possible scenario, multiple network devices collaborate to assist terminals in achieving wireless access, with each device performing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, these network devices could be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU). The CU and DU can be separate entities or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The CU and DU nodes separate the gNB's protocol layers; some protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining partial or complete protocol layer functions are distributed across the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU. As one implementation, the CU deploys the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, PDCP layer, and Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer in the protocol stack; the DU deploys the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and Physical Layer (PHY) in the protocol stack. Thus, the CU has the processing capabilities of RRC, PDCP, and SDAP. The DU has the processing capabilities of RLC, MAC, and PHY. It is understood that the above functional division is merely an example and does not constitute a limitation on the CU and DU. The RU can be included in radio equipment or radio units, such as in a remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), or remote radio head (RRH). It is understood that the network device can be a CU node, a DU node, or a device including both CU and DU nodes. Furthermore, the CU can be classified as a network device in the access network RAN ​​or as a network device in the core network CN; no restrictions are imposed here.

[0073] In this embodiment, the terminal involved may include various handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem with wireless communication capabilities. Terminal 220 may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc., or a device used to provide voice or data connectivity to a user, or an Internet of Things (IoT) device. For example, the terminal includes handheld devices and vehicle-mounted devices with wireless connectivity. Currently, terminals can include: mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices (such as smartwatches, smart bracelets, pedometers, smart glasses, etc.), in-vehicle equipment (such as cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed trains, etc.), satellite terminals, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, point-of-sale (POS) machines, customer-premises equipment (CPE), light user equipment (UE), reduced capability user equipment (REDCAP UE), wireless terminals in industrial control, smart home devices (such as refrigerators, televisions, air conditioners, electricity meters, etc.), intelligent robots, robotic arms, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in autonomous driving, wireless terminals in telemedicine, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, or wireless terminals in smart homes, and flying equipment (such as intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc. The terminal can also be a vehicle device, such as a vehicle unit, vehicle module, vehicle chip, on-board unit (OBU), or telematics box (T-BOX). The terminal can also be other devices with terminal functions. For example, the terminal can also be a device that plays the role of a terminal in D2D communication.

[0074] In this application, the core network equipment refers to equipment in the core network (CN) that provides service support to the terminal. Examples of core network equipment include: access and mobility management function (AMF) entities, session management function (SMF) entities, user plane function (UPF) entities, etc., which are not listed here. The AMF entity is responsible for terminal access management and mobility management; the SMF entity is responsible for session management, such as user session establishment; and the UPF entity can be a user plane functional entity, primarily responsible for connecting to external networks. It should be noted that in this application, entities can also be referred to as network elements or functional entities. For example, an AMF entity can also be called an AMF network element or an AMF functional entity, and an SMF entity can also be called an SMF network element or an SMF functional entity, etc.

[0075] Optionally, the method provided in this application embodiment can also be applied to frequency division duplex (FDD) systems or time division duplex (TDD) systems as a downlink codebook for multi-port antenna FDD or TDD systems. In FDD, two symmetrical frequency channels are used to transmit and receive signals respectively, with a certain frequency band guard interval between the transmit and receive channels. In TDD, the transmit and receive signals are performed in different time slots of the same frequency channel, separated by a certain guarantee time. It does not require the allocation of frequencies in symmetrical frequency bands and can flexibly control and change the length ratio of the transmit and receive periods within each channel, making full use of limited radio spectrum resources when performing asymmetrical data transmission.

[0076] Optionally, the method provided in this application embodiment can also be applied to O-RAN systems; please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an O-RAN system provided in an embodiment of this application. The O-RAN system may also include... Figure 3 Other components besides those shown are not limited in this application. Optionally, as... Figure 3 The network devices shown can be access network devices, such as eNBs, gNBs, or next-generation access network devices. Access network devices communicate with the core network (CN) via a backhaul link and with terminals via an air interface.

[0077] The BBU in the access network equipment communicates with the core network via a backhaul link, and the RU in the access network equipment communicates with at least one terminal via an air interface. The BBU communicates with at least one RU via a fronthaul link. The BBU and RU may or may not be co-located. The BBU includes at least one control unit (CU) and at least one distributed unit (DU), which can communicate via at least one midhaul link.

[0078] Further optional, please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This application provides a diagram illustrating the network element functional division and protocol layer structure of an open radio access network (O-RAN) system, as shown in the embodiments below. Figure 4 As shown, in some examples, the CU is a logical node carrying the RRC layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, and other control functions of the access network equipment. The CU connects to network nodes such as the core network through interfaces, which can be interfaces such as E2 interfaces. Optionally, the CU may have some core network functions, such as the PDCP layer and higher layers. The CU connects to the DU (e.g., RLC layer and lower layers) through interfaces, which can be interfaces such as F1 interfaces. In some examples, these interfaces (e.g., the F1 interface) can provide control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane) functions (e.g., interface management, system information management, UE context management, RRC message transmission, etc.). F1AP is the application protocol of the F1 interface, defining the signaling procedures of F1 in some examples. The F1 interface supports control plane F1-C and user plane F1-U.

[0079] In some examples, the CU can be split into CU-CP (control unit-control plane) and CU-UP (control unit-user plane). CU-CP is a logical node carrying the RRC layer and PDCP-C (control plane part of PDCP) layer, used to implement the CU's control plane functions. CU-CP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement control plane functions. These network elements in the core network can be access and mobility function (AMF) network elements, such as the access and mobility management function (AMF) in a 5G mobile communication system. AMF network elements are responsible for mobility management in the mobile network, such as terminal location updates, terminal registration with the network, and terminal handover. CU-UP is a logical node carrying the SDAP layer and the PDCP-U (user plane part of PDCP) layer for user plane data, used to implement the CU's user plane functions. CU-UP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement user plane functions. These network elements in the core network, such as the UPF (user plane function) in a 5G system, are responsible for data forwarding and receiving in terminal devices. It should be understood that the above configurations of CU and DU are merely examples, and the functions of CU and DU can be configured as needed. This application does not impose excessive limitations on this. For example, CU or DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or CU or DU can be configured to have some protocol layer processing functions. Another example is to place some functions of the RLC layer and the protocol layer functions above the RLC layer in the CU, and place the remaining functions of the RLC layer and the protocol layer functions below the RLC layer in the DU. Yet another example is that the functions of CU or DU can be divided according to service type or other system requirements, such as by latency, placing functions that need to meet low latency requirements in the DU, and functions that do not need to meet this latency requirement in the CU.

[0080] In some examples, a DU is a logical node that carries the radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, higher physical layer (PHY) layer, and other functions. In some examples, a DU can control at least one RU. The DU connects to the RU through interfaces, which can be fronthaul interfaces.

[0081] In some examples, the CU may not have a PDCP layer, i.e., it only includes the RRC layer. CU-CP does not have PDCP-C. CU-UP may not have PDCP-U, or may not have CU-UP at all. In some examples, the DU may not have an RLC layer, only a MAC and a higher PHY layer. Furthermore, in some examples, it may not have a CU and may only include the DU.

[0082] In some examples, the higher PHY layer includes parts of the PHY layer that handle functions such as forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, and demodulation.

[0083] In some examples, the RU is a logical node that carries both lower physical layer (PHY) and radio frequency chain (RF chain) processing. In some examples, the RU can be a 3GPPTRP, a remote radio head (RRH), or other similar functionalities. In some examples, the Low-PHY includes PHY processing functions such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, and filtering. The RU communicates with one or more terminals via a wireless link.

[0084] Optionally, the DU and RU may or may not be co-located. The DU and RU exchange control plane information via a fronthaul link through a lower-layer split-control, user plane information (LLS-CUS) and synchronization interface. The LLS-CUS may include LLS-C and LLS-U interfaces that respectively provide the control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane). In some examples, the control plane (C-Plane) refers to real-time control between the DU and RU. The DU and RU exchange management information via an LLS-M interface on the fronthaul link; the management plane (M-Plane) refers to non-real-time management operations between the DU and RU.

[0085] Optionally, the DU and RU can cooperate to implement the functions of the PHY layer. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of the DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, the DU can be configured to implement baseband functions, and the RU can be configured to implement mid-RF functions. Alternatively, the DU can be configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and the RU can be configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or to implement both lower-level and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer may include a portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the MAC layer, while lower-level functions in the physical layer may include another portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the mid-RF side.

[0086] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (Open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. The network device deployment methods listed here are only examples; as standard technologies evolve, network devices may have other deployment forms.

[0087] To improve the spectral efficiency of wireless communication systems, current multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) technology utilizes time-division, frequency-division, or orthogonal coding methods. It also employs spatial multiplexing, using different precoding for each user to eliminate interference between users. Traditional spatial multiplexing relies on the orthogonality of electromagnetic waves in the polarization domain and inter-electron beamforming to reduce interference between users. Existing theories can perform eigenmode analysis on physical antenna structures to generate radiation patterns with good orthogonality. Different radiation patterns can be used for MIMO signal transmission, thus improving spectral efficiency.

[0088] A multiport antenna integrates multiple antennas with identical / vertical polarization or omnidirectional / directional radiation patterns within a single resonant element in the same frequency band, with each antenna fed by an independent port. To address the isolation issue in multiport antennas, orthogonal antenna radiation modes can be employed. Some schemes are based on characteristic modes of the electromagnetic structure, while others are based on the resonant (eigenmode) modes of a dielectric resonator. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a radiation pattern of a multi-port antenna provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 5As shown, a multi-port antenna can be a three-port antenna or a four-port antenna. Whether it is a three-port antenna or a four-port antenna, it can provide more independent sub-channels than a dual-polarized antenna in the same area. The shape of the radiation pattern and the direction of the main lobe may differ between different ports.

[0089] MIMO codebooks have always been an indispensable part of wireless communication standards, providing an effective method for obtaining CSI information for MIMO systems. In particular, codebooks are crucial in FDD MIMO systems. In 5G NR Release 15, Type I and Type II codebooks evolved from class A codebooks. The Type II codebook aims to provide more spatial detail than the Type I codebook, at the cost of greater feedback overhead. Meanwhile, the Type II port selection codebook inherits the design philosophy of the class B codebook, supporting multi-beam reporting. 5G NR Release 16 introduced an enhanced Type II codebook, its most significant feature being support for sub-band PMI calculation, while balancing feedback overhead through joint spatial and frequency domain compression. 5G NR Release 18 introduced the coherent joint transmission (CJT) codebook to support joint transmission of multiple transmission reference points (TRPs) in Cell-free MIMO. 5G NR Release 18 also introduced the concept of predictive PMI, supporting high-speed mobile, high-Doppler communication scenarios.

[0090] In some schemes, for a uniform planar array (UPA), the TYPE II codebook uses 2D-DFT vectors to describe the spatial information (directional information) W1 of the selected beam, and uses amplitude factors and phase rotation factors to describe W2 of the linear combination of different beams. The codebook is represented as W = W1W2.

[0091] The specific components of W1 are as follows: Where B = [b0, b1, ..., b L-1 [] represents a beam in the space of L two-dimensional DFT beams. The specific structure of W2 is as follows: W2 = P WB P SB C, where P WB P represents the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix. SBC represents the subband amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix, and C represents the subband phase adjustment coefficient matrix. The TYPE II codebook is a codebook based on dual-polarized antenna design. For dual-polarized antennas, antenna ports with different polarizations at the same location use the same spatial (directional) beam selection by default. That is, the diagonal element B of W1 is the same, but they have different broadband amplitude, subband amplitude, and subband phase combining coefficients. That is, the upper and lower halves of the W2 matrix are not the same.

[0092] The default premise for Type II codebooks and other improved non-port selection codebooks in 5G NR to adopt the form W=W1W2 is that co-located dual-polarized antenna elements are paired, have the same beam direction, experience the same spatial multipath propagation characteristics, and have logical antenna ports with different phase rotation factors only. However, for multi-port antennas with more than two ports, they are not paired; their N beam directions can be the same or different, and their spatial multipath propagation characteristics can be the same or different. Furthermore, the phase center points corresponding to different ports (modes) may be different, meaning they do not necessarily satisfy strict co-location characteristics. Therefore, multi-port antennas cannot directly use existing Type II codebooks.

[0093] Furthermore, simulations using RA2030 also reveal the following, as shown in Table 1 and... Figure 6 As shown, using the XPO dual-polarized antenna array, the calculated average downlink user rates based on ideal feedback, Type I, and Type II codebooks are 17.6 Mbps, 12.08 Mbps, and 13.49 Mbps, respectively. The latter two cases show a performance loss of 31% and 21% compared to ideal feedback, respectively, due to feedback quantization errors in the actual codebook compared to ideal feedback. Using the TCM three-port antenna array, the average downlink user rates based on ideal feedback, Type I, and Type II codebooks are 19.22 Mbps, 7.97 Mbps, and 11.62 Mbps, respectively. The latter two cases show a performance loss of 59% and 40% compared to ideal feedback, respectively. This significant performance loss cannot be explained by quantization errors but is instead caused by the mismatch between the existing codebook structure and mapping rules and the multi-port antenna.

[0094] Table 1

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] In practical product forms, such as macro base stations or micro base stations, antenna size is often limited. To achieve higher communication performance, such as spectral efficiency, within a limited antenna aperture, new design methods are needed. For example, increasing the number of ports in the antenna element increases the total number of antenna ports for a fixed aperture, thereby increasing the maximum number of data streams supported by the system. However, with the increase in ports, the corresponding codebook also needs to be expanded and port mapping needs to be performed. If there is a mismatch between the codebook structure and the multi-port antenna, it will significantly increase the loss of communication performance.

[0098] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a communication method and related apparatus. On one hand, in this application, a second communication device adds parameter information representing the number N of antenna sub-ports to the codebook configuration information. After receiving the codebook configuration information from the second communication device, the first communication device performs CSI measurement according to the codebook configuration information and reports CSI reports corresponding to the N ports. This enables the second communication device to know the differences between different ports among the N ports, adjust the relevant parameters in a timely manner, and effectively improve communication performance.

[0099] On the other hand, this application can be applied not only to multi-port antennas, but is also backward compatible with dual-polarized antennas, thus making the choice of application scenarios more diverse.

[0100] The communication methods shown below (such as) Figure 7 For a detailed description of the first and second communication devices, please refer to [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 4 Details will not be elaborated here. For ease of description, specific examples in the embodiments of this application may be described using the first communication device as the terminal and the second communication device as the first network device, but this should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of this application.

[0101] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0102] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Optionally, this method can be applied to a communication system, for example, to... Figures 1 to 4 The communication system shown.

[0103] like Figure 7 The method shown may include steps S701-S705. It should be understood that this application describes the steps in the order of S701-S705 for ease of description, and is not intended to limit the execution to this specific order. This application's embodiments do not limit the order of execution, the execution time, or the number of executions of one or more of the above steps. Steps S701-S705 are as follows:

[0104] Step S701: The second communication device sends codebook configuration information to the first communication device.

[0105] Accordingly, the first communication device receives the codebook configuration information.

[0106] Optionally, the codebook configuration information can be configured by the second communication device and sent to the first communication device, or the second communication device can receive the codebook configuration information configured by other devices and forward it to the first communication device.

[0107] The codebook configuration information is an exemplary naming convention used to distinguish specific configuration information. For example, the codebook configuration information may be CSI-ReportConfig signaling and CodebookConfig signaling in RRC parameters for CSI report, or other information. Optionally, the codebook configuration information is information sent when a secure communication connection is established between the second communication device and the first communication device.

[0108] For example, the codebook configuration information includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: (1) the number of antenna panels N g (2) The number of antenna elements in the vertical direction of the antenna array N1; (3) The number of antenna elements in the horizontal direction of the antenna array N2; (4) The number of subbands N3; (5) The number of phase alphabets N4.

[0109] In addition to the above-mentioned conventional parameters, this application also adds a parameter to the codebook configuration information (that is, the codebook configuration information includes the number of ports supported by the N-port antenna array, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, for example, represented as N5).

[0110] As one possible implementation, the antenna array includes an N-port antenna array based on the characteristic mode theory. Each port of the N-port antenna array corresponds to a far-field radiation pattern, and the far-field radiation patterns corresponding to different ports are orthogonal to each other.

[0111] It should be noted that the above-mentioned multiport antenna based on characteristic mode theory is only an example of one type of multiport antenna, and this application does not limit it.

[0112] Among them, the codebook configuration information is the information configured in the Channel State Information (CSI) report. The CSI report is used to indicate the precoding matrix, and the precoding matrix is ​​used by the second communication device to transmit downlink data.

[0113] In addition, after the second communication device sends codebook configuration information to the first communication device, the second communication device also sends a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) to the first communication device. The CSI-RS is configured by the second communication device on the physical layer resource block.

[0114] Accordingly, the first communication device receives the CSI-RS.

[0115] Step S702: The first communication device performs CSI measurement according to the codebook configuration information and obtains CSI reports corresponding to N ports.

[0116] Optionally, CSI reports can be carried in CSI Reporting using PUSCH or PUCCH signaling. CSI reports include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following:

[0117] (1) Rank indicator (RI). RI indicates the number of spatially multiplexed data streams supported and is used for downlink MIMO open-loop / closed-loop spatial multiplexing operations.

[0118] (2) Layer indicator (LI). LI is used to indicate the column with the strongest PMI and is used for PT-RS reference signal mapping.

[0119] (3) CSI Reference Signal Resource Indicator (CSI-RS Resource Indicator, CRI). The CRI is used to indicate the best CSI-RS index, which corresponds to the best beam.

[0120] (4) Channel Quality Indicator (CQI). The CQI indicates the quality of the wireless channel and is used to adaptively select the appropriate modulation and coding scheme. For example, the first communication device uses a 4-bit message for feedback. Except for "0" which indicates that it is unusable, the other 15 combinations represent 15 possibilities of channel quality within the range of 0.15 to 5.55 bit / s / Hz that are supported.

[0121] (5) Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) Parameter. The PMI parameter indicates the precoding matrix used for downlink MIMO closed-loop spatial multiplexing operations. The precoding codebook has different sizes depending on the number of antennas and streams. For example, in the case of 4 antennas, the codebook size is 16, and the corresponding PMI feedback uses 4 bits; while in the case of 2 antennas, the codebook sizes of 1 / 2 streams are 4 and 2 respectively, and the corresponding PMI feedback uses 2 or 1 bit.

[0122] In one possible implementation, the first communication device calculates the beamgroup and beam combining coefficients corresponding to the channel matrix based on the number of ports supported by the N-port antenna array and the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). The precoding matrix indicator (PMI) parameters are then determined based on the beamgroup and beam combining coefficients corresponding to the channel matrix.

[0123] The following provides examples of beam combining coefficients included in the PMI parameters of several Type II codebooks:

[0124] (1) The broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beam of different ports among the N ports 1,4,l .

[0125] (2) Subband amplitude adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports 2,2,l .

[0126] (3) Subband phase adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports 2,1,l .

[0127] In the existing beam combining coefficients, the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i 1,4,l It is based on the index of the dual-polarization port on the corresponding layer. The combination yields i∈{0,1,…,2L-1}. Sub-band amplitude adjustment factor i 2,2,l It is based on the index of the dual-polarization port on the corresponding layer. The combination obtained Sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l It is based on the index c corresponding to the dual-polarization port on the corresponding layer. l,i The resulting combination has each layer corresponding to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

[0128] The beam combining coefficients mentioned above can satisfy the following formulas:

[0129] i 2,1,l =[C l,0 C l,1 ,…,C l.2L-1 ].

[0130] Among the beam combining coefficients in this application, the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i 1,4,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination yields i∈{0,1,…,NL-1}. Sub-band amplitude adjustment factor i 2,2,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination obtained Sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l It is based on the index c corresponding to the N ports on the corresponding layer. l,i The resulting combination has each layer corresponding to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

[0131] The beam combining coefficients mentioned above can satisfy the following formulas:

[0132] i 2,1,l =[C l,0 C l,1 ,…,C l.NL-1 ].

[0133] In this application, it is assumed that the beam directions of different ports of the multi-port antenna are the same or approximately the same. In this case, the multiple ports can share the same beam array B, and then the amplitude and phase adjustment coefficients corresponding to the beam combining of different ports are fed back. Compared with the scenario where the beam directions of different ports are different, the broadband beam array part of the CSI report fed back by the first communication device does not need to add new parameters. Only the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient, sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient, and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient need to be added to the feedback quantity.

[0134] When l=1, the matrix structure of the Rank1 two-level codebook for the dual-polarized antenna is as follows:

[0135] B = [b0, ..., b L-1 ],

[0136]

[0137] in, and C r , l , i The parameters and i specified by the protocol 1,4,l i 2,2,l and i 2,1,l Confirmed. r corresponds to the dual polarization index {0, 1}, l corresponds to the layer index Rank=1, l=0, Rank=2, l∈{0, 1}, and i corresponds to the beam index i∈{0, 1, ..., L-1}.

[0138] In this application, when l=1, the multi-port antenna Rank1 multi-level codebook W satisfies the following formula:

[0139] B = [b0, ..., b L-1 ],

[0140]

[0141] Where r corresponds to the port index {0, 1, ..., N-1}, l corresponds to the layer index Rank = 1, l = 0, Rank = 2, l ∈ {0, 1}, and i corresponds to the beam index i ∈ {0, 1, ..., L-1}.

[0142] When l=2, the matrix structure of the Rank2 two-level codebook for the dual-polarized antenna is as follows:

[0143] in, and C r，l，i The parameters and i specified by the protocol 1,4,l i 2,2,l and i 2,1,l Confirmed. r corresponds to the dual polarization index {0, 1}, l corresponds to the layer index Rank=1, l=0, Rank=2, l∈{0, 1}, and i corresponds to the beam index i∈{0, 1, ..., L-1}.

[0144] In this application, when l=2, the multi-port antenna Rank2 multilevel codebook W satisfies the following formula:

[0145] Where r corresponds to the port index {0, 1, ..., N-1}, l corresponds to the layer index Rank = 1, l = 0, Rank = 2, l ∈ {0, 1}, and i corresponds to the beam index i ∈ {0, 1, ..., L-1}.

[0146] In this scheme, the dimensions of the multi-port antenna are expanded. The mapping relationship between multiple ports of the multi-port antenna and the elements of the TYPE II multi-level codebook is designed, and the feedback quantity of the correlation coefficient in the PMI parameter is added. This allows the TYPE II multi-level codebook to adapt to the multi-port antenna, give full play to the advantages of the multi-port antenna, and effectively improve communication performance.

[0147] In scenarios where the strongest radiation direction differs for each port in a multi-port system, such as... Figure 8 As shown, taking the radiation pattern of a three-port antenna element as an example, Figure 8 The strongest radiation directions at the three ports are three different directions (θ = 10°, φ = 0°), (θ = 10°, φ = 120°), and (θ = 10°, φ = 120°).

[0148] (θ = 10°, φ = 240°). That is, this three-port antenna has the same beam angle in the elevation direction and the same beam angle in the horizontal direction. Different beam squint angles for n = 0, 1, 2.

[0149] The existing PMI includes three parameters i 1,1 i 1,2 and i1,3,l Based on this, the signaling is extended to report PMI for each port. Since each port measures and reports independently, the beam selected for each port may be different.

[0150] The following provides an exemplary embodiment of the specific process for reporting PMI for each port:

[0151] In one possible design, the PMI parameters also include the orthogonal beam group index of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device, the beam combination selected by the first communication device in the orthogonal beam group of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device, and the strongest beam number of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device on the corresponding layer.

[0152] (1) Change i 1,1 Expand to i 1,1,0 i 1,1,1 , ..., i 1,1，M-1 .

[0153] The orthogonal beam group index of the first port is i. 1,1,0 The orthogonal beam group index of the Mth port is i 1,1，M-1 1≤M≤N, where M is an integer.

[0154] (2) Change i 1,2 Expand to i 1,B,0 i 1,2,1 , ..., i 1,2,M-1 .

[0155] The beam combination of the first port is i 1,2,0 The beam combination of the Mth port is i 1,2，M-1 .

[0156] (3) Change i 1,3,l Expand to i 1,3,l,0 i 1,3,l,1 , ..., i 1,3,l,M-1 .

[0157] Among them, the strongest beam at the first port on the first layer is numbered i. 1,3,1,0 The strongest beam at the Mth port on the lth layer is numbered i. 1,3,l,M-1 Each layer corresponds to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

[0158] In this scheme, the multi-level codebook W = W1W2, and W1 is calculated as follows: Among them, B M-1 This represents the wave array obtained from the feedback of the Mth port out of N ports. W2 is calculated as W2 = P WB P SBC, where P WB P represents the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix. SB Let C represent the sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix, and C represent the sub-band phase adjustment coefficient matrix. The specific construction process of the multi-level codebook W can be referred to the aforementioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0159] It should be noted that in this scheme, the newly added parameters are for the broadband waveform array part of the CSI report fed back by the first communication device, but the feedback process of the adjustment coefficients of broadband and subband is not changed.

[0160] Step S703: The first communication device sends a CSI report corresponding to N ports to the second communication device.

[0161] Accordingly, the second communication device receives the CSI report.

[0162] Step S704: The second communication device determines the precoding matrix based on the CSI reports corresponding to the N ports.

[0163] The details regarding the precoding matrix can be found in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0164] Step S705: The second communication device transmits downlink data to the first communication device.

[0165] Accordingly, the first communication device transmits downlink data to the second communication device.

[0166] Optionally, the transmission can be either receiving or sending.

[0167] The following are two possible scenarios for the transmission of downlink data by a second communication device, as exemplified below:

[0168] In scenario one, the second communication device sends downlink data to the first communication device.

[0169] Accordingly, the first communication device receives the downlink data.

[0170] Scenario 2: The first communication device receives downlink data.

[0171] Accordingly, the second communication device sends the downlink data.

[0172] In this application embodiment, on the one hand, the second communication device adds parameter information representing the number N of antenna sub-ports to the codebook configuration information. After receiving the codebook configuration information from the second communication device, the first communication device performs CSI measurement according to the codebook configuration information and reports the CSI report corresponding to the N ports. This enables the second communication device to know the differences between different ports among the N ports, adjust the relevant parameters in a timely manner, and effectively improve communication performance.

[0173] On the other hand, the codebook in the current protocol is mainly designed based on dual-polarized antennas and does not involve multi-port antennas. This application can not only be applied to various forms of multi-port antennas, but is also backward compatible with codebooks for dual-polarized antennas, which can make the choice of application scenarios more diverse.

[0174] Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment provides a detailed explanation of the process of dimensional expansion for multi-port antennas. To facilitate understanding, the illustrative process is verified below:

[0175] To verify the performance of multi-port antennas and arrays using the TYPE II codebook in a wireless communication system, we first simulated the radiation patterns of multi-port antenna elements or arrays and dual-polarized antenna elements or arrays using full-wave simulation. Then, we exported the radiation patterns to the RA2030 simulation platform for system simulation. The following comparison of the system performance of a three-port antenna array under ideal feedback and the TYPE II codebook with that of a dual-polarized antenna array under ideal feedback and the TYPE II codebook demonstrates the performance advantages of the multi-port antenna codebook.

[0176] First, to evaluate the performance of the multi-port antenna codebook, system performance simulation was performed based on the method of generating a precoding matrix using ideal feedback. The throughput of dual-polarized antenna and multi-port antenna systems was compared. Then, simulations of the same scenario were performed based on the existing TYPE II codebook and the codebook of this application. The performance improvement potential of the multi-port antenna under the TYPE II codebook of this application was compared, as well as the gain potential of the multi-port antenna relative to the dual-polarized antenna under ideal feedback. Figure 9 As shown in (a), the second communication device uses an 8x4 dual-polarized antenna array, while the first communication device uses a 1x2 dual-polarized antenna array. Figure 9 As shown in (b), the second communication device uses an 8x4 three-port antenna array, while the first communication device uses a 1x2 dual-polarized antenna array. The radiation patterns of the two antenna elements are respectively input into RA2030. The channel model is selected as 3GPP-38.901-Uma-NloS channel, with three sectors per station, a sector angle of 120°, a center frequency of 800MHz, a carrier bandwidth of 20MHz, a base station height of 25 meters, a user height of 1.5 meters, and randomly generated user positions. The antenna driving mode is 1-to-4 in the vertical direction. Considering two scenarios: ① 1 station with 3 sectors, 40 users per sector and ② 7 stations with 21 sectors, 10 users per sector, the simulation results are as follows: Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown.

[0177] Combination Figure 10As shown in Table 2, under ideal feedback, for a 1-site, 3-sector configuration with 40 users per sector, the multi-port antenna, calculated based on DL throughput, exhibits a 14.8% higher system performance than the dual-polarized antenna. In existing solutions, the multi-port antenna's performance is 14% lower than that of the dual-polarized antenna. In this application, the multi-port antenna achieves a 12.5% ​​higher system performance than the dual-polarized antenna. It can be seen that, regarding the performance of the multi-port antenna, this application outperforms existing solutions by 30.9%.

[0178] Table 2

[0179]

[0180] Combination Figure 11 As shown in Table 3, under ideal feedback, for a scenario with 7 stations and 21 sectors, with 10 users per sector, the multi-port antenna exhibits 18.5% higher system performance than the dual-polarized antenna. In existing solutions, the multi-port antenna's system performance is 19% lower than that of the dual-polarized antenna. In this application, the multi-port antenna achieves 11% higher system performance than the dual-polarized antenna. It can be seen that, regarding the performance of the multi-port antenna, this application is 37.1% higher than the existing solutions.

[0181] Table 3

[0182]

[0183] In summary, taking a three-port antenna as an example, with the support of a multi-level codebook in this scheme, its system protection gain is significantly better than that of a traditional codebook. In addition, after using the codebook of this scheme, the system throughput of the multi-port antenna is also higher than that of a traditional dual-polarized antenna.

[0184] The methods of the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. The apparatus of the embodiments of this application is provided below.

[0185] It should be understood that the division of units in the apparatus provided in this application embodiment is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units in the apparatus can be implemented by a processor calling software. For example, the apparatus includes a processor connected to a memory, which stores instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of each unit of the apparatus. The processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory is either internal or external to the apparatus.

[0186] Alternatively, the units in the device can be implemented as hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the above units is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through a configuration file, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the above units.

[0187] In the embodiments of this application, each unit in the device may be one or more processors (or processing circuits) configured to implement the above methods, such as: CPU, graphics processing unit (GPU), neural network processing unit (NPU), tensor processing unit (TPU), deep learning processing unit (DPU), microprocessor unit (MPU), digital signal processor (DSP), ASIC, FPGA, or a combination of at least two of these processor forms.

[0188] Furthermore, the units in the above devices can be integrated in whole or in part, or they can be implemented independently. In one implementation, these units are integrated together as a system-on-a-chip (SOC). The SOC may include at least one processor for implementing any of the above methods or for implementing the functions of the units in the device. The at least one processor can be of different types, such as including a CPU and an FPGA, or including a CPU and an AI processor, or including a CPU and a GPU, etc. Several possible devices are listed below.

[0189] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 120 provided in an embodiment of this application. Optionally, the communication device 120 can be a first communication device, or a component within the first communication device, such as a chip or integrated circuit. The communication device 120 is used to implement the aforementioned communication method, for example... Figure 7 The communication method shown.

[0190] In one possible design, the communication device 120 includes a communication unit 1201 and a processing unit 1202. The communication device 120 is used to implement the aforementioned communication method, for example... Figure 7 The communication method is illustrated. For example, a communication device may be used to execute the method executed by a first communication device.

[0191] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1201 is configured to receive codebook configuration information from a second communication device. The codebook configuration information is information configuring Channel State Information (CSI) reports, including the number of ports supported by the N-port antenna array, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The CSI reports are used to indicate a precoding matrix, which is used by the second communication device to transmit downlink data. The processing unit 1202 is configured to perform CSI measurements based on the codebook configuration information to obtain CSI reports corresponding to the N ports. The communication unit 1201 is further configured to send the CSI reports corresponding to the N ports to the second communication device. The communication unit 1201 is also configured to transmit the downlink data to the second communication device.

[0192] In another possible implementation, regarding the step of performing CSI measurements based on the codebook configuration information to obtain CSI reports corresponding to the N ports, the processing unit 1202 is specifically configured to: calculate the beamgroup and beam combining coefficients corresponding to the channel matrix based on the number of ports supported by the antenna arrays of the N ports and the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). The precoding matrix indicator (PMI) parameters are determined based on the beamgroup and beam combining coefficients corresponding to the channel matrix, wherein the PMI parameters include the bandwidth amplitude adjustment coefficients i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l , and the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l The number of feedbacks, the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i 1,4,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination yields i∈{0,1,…,NL-1}. The sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination obtained The sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l It is based on the index c corresponding to the N ports on the corresponding layer. l,i The resulting combination has each layer corresponding to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

[0193] In another possible implementation, the PMI parameters further include the orthogonal beamgroup index of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device, the beam combination selected by the first communication device in the orthogonal beamgroup of each of the selected N ports, and the strongest beam number of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device on the corresponding layer, wherein the orthogonal beamgroup index of the Mth port is i. 1,1，M-1 1 ≤ M ≤ N, where M is an integer, and the beam combination of the Mth port is i. 1,2，M-1 The strongest beam at the Mth port on the lth layer is numbered i. 1,3,l,M-1 Each layer corresponds to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

[0194] In another possible implementation, the antenna array includes an N-port antenna array based on the characteristic mode theory, where each port of the N-port antenna array corresponds to a far-field pattern, and the far-field patterns corresponding to different ports are orthogonal to each other.

[0195] The embodiments of this application and the method embodiments shown above are based on the same concept and have the same technical effects. For the specific principles, please refer to the description of the embodiments shown above, which will not be repeated here.

[0196] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device 130 provided in an embodiment of this application. Optionally, the communication device 130 can be a second communication device, or a component within a second communication device, such as a chip or integrated circuit. The communication device 130 is used to implement the aforementioned communication method, for example... Figure 7 The communication method shown.

[0197] In one possible design, the communication device 130 includes a communication unit 1301 and a processing unit 1302. The communication device 130 is used to implement the aforementioned communication method, for example... Figure 7 The communication method shown. For example, the communication device is used to execute the method executed by the second communication device.

[0198] In one possible implementation, the communication unit 1301 is configured to send codebook configuration information to a first communication device, wherein the codebook configuration information is information configuring a Channel State Information (CSI) report, the codebook configuration information including the number of ports supported by an N-port antenna array, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the CSI report being used to indicate a precoding matrix, the precoding matrix being used by the second communication device to transmit downlink data. The communication unit 1301 is also configured to receive CSI reports from the first communication device corresponding to the N ports. The processing unit 1302 is configured to determine the precoding matrix based on the CSI reports corresponding to the N ports. The communication unit 1301 is also configured to transmit the downlink data to the first communication device.

[0199] In another possible implementation, the precoding matrix is ​​determined based on the precoding matrix indicator PMI parameters, which are determined based on the number of ports supported by the N-port antenna arrays and the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). The PMI parameters include the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l And the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l The number of feedbacks, the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i 1,4,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination yields i∈{0,1,…,NL-1}. The sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination obtained The sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l It is based on the index c corresponding to the N ports on the corresponding layer. l,i The resulting combination has each layer corresponding to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

[0200] In another possible implementation, the multi-level codebook W is obtained by linearly combining the spatial information W1 of the selected beam and the beam combining coefficients W2 corresponding to different ports among the N ports. The beam combining coefficients W2 corresponding to different ports among the N ports are the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix P corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. (WB) Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix P(SB) The phase adjustment coefficient matrix C is obtained from the sub-band, and the block diagonal element B is the wave array shared by the N ports.

[0201] In another possible implementation, when l = 1, the multi-level codebook W satisfies the following formula:

[0202] B = [b0, ..., b L-1 ],

[0203]

[0204] Where r corresponds to the port index {0, 1, ..., N-1}, l corresponds to the layer index Rank = 1, l = 0, Rank = 2, l ∈ {0, 1}, and i corresponds to the beam index i ∈ {0, 1, ..., L-1};

[0205] When l = 2, the multilevel codebook W satisfies the following formula:

[0206] in, r corresponds to port index {0.

[0207] 1, ..., N-1}, l corresponds to the layer index Rank=1, l=0, Rank=2, l∈{0,1}, and i corresponds to the beam index i∈{0,1, ...,L-1}.

[0208] In another possible implementation, the PMI parameter information further includes the orthogonal beamgroup index of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device, the beam combination selected by the first communication device in the orthogonal beamgroup of each of the selected N ports, and the strongest beam number of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device on the corresponding layer, wherein the orthogonal beamgroup index of the Mth port is i. 1,1，M-1 1 ≤ M ≤ N, where M is an integer, and the beam combination of the Mth port is i. 1,2，M-1 The strongest beam at the Mth port on the lth layer is numbered i. 1,3,l Each layer corresponds to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

[0209] In another possible implementation, the antenna array includes an N-port antenna array based on the characteristic mode theory, where each port of the N-port antenna array corresponds to a far-field pattern, and the far-field patterns corresponding to different ports are orthogonal to each other.

[0210] The embodiments of this application and the method embodiments shown above are based on the same concept and have the same technical effects. For the specific principles, please refer to the description of the embodiments shown above, which will not be repeated here.

[0211] Please see Figure 14 , Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device 140 provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 140 can be a standalone device, such as a first communication device or a second communication device, or it can be a component included in a standalone device, such as a chip, software module, or integrated circuit. The communication device 140 may include at least one processor 1401 and a communication interface 1402. Optionally, it may also include at least one memory 1403. Further optionally, it may also include a connection line 1404, wherein the processor 1401, the communication interface 1402, and / or the memory 1403 are connected through the connection line 1404, and / or communicate with each other through the connection line 1404 to transmit control signals and / or data signals.

[0212] Wherein: processor 1401 is a module for performing arithmetic and / or logical operations, and may specifically include one or more of the following modules: filter, modem, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (LNA), baseband processor, radio frequency processor, radio frequency circuit, CPU, AP, microcontroller unit (MCU), electronic control unit (ECU), GPU, MPU, ASIC, image signal processor (ISP), DSP, FPGA, complex programmable logic device (CPLD), or coprocessor, etc.

[0213] The communication interface 1402 can be used to provide information input or output to at least one processor, or to receive signals sent externally and / or send signals to externally.

[0214] For example, the communication interface 1402 may include interface circuitry, such as input / output interfaces, chip pins, etc.

[0215] For example, the communication interface 1402 may include a wired link interface such as an Ethernet cable, or a wireless link interface (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, general wireless transmission, vehicle short-range communication technology and other short-range wireless communication technologies, etc.).

[0216] Optionally, the communication interface 1402 may also include a radio frequency transmitter, an antenna, etc. When the communication interface 1402 includes an antenna, the number of antennas can be one or more.

[0217] As one possible design, if the communication device 140 is a standalone device, the communication interface 1402 may include a receiver and a transmitter. The receiver and transmitter may be the same component or different components. When the receiver and transmitter are the same component, this component may be referred to as a transceiver.

[0218] As another possible design, if the communication device 140 is a chip or circuit, the communication interface 1402 may include an input interface and an output interface. The input interface and the output interface may be the same interface or they may be different interfaces.

[0219] Alternatively, the functionality of the communication interface 1402 can be implemented via a transceiver circuit or a dedicated transceiver chip.

[0220] The memory 1403 provides storage space, in which data such as the operating system and computer programs can be stored. The memory 1403 can be one or a combination of several of the following: cache, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), hard disk drive (HDD), solid-state drive (SSD), etc. Memory is any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory in this embodiment can also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing storage functions, used to store computer programs or instructions, and / or data.

[0221] The functions and operations of each module or unit in the communication device 140 listed above are merely illustrative examples.

[0222] Each functional unit in the communication device 140 can be used to implement the aforementioned communication method, for example... Figure 7 The communication method shown is, for example, a method executed by a first communication device, or a method executed by a second communication device.

[0223] Optionally, the processor 1401 may be a processor specifically designed to perform the aforementioned methods (for ease of distinction, referred to as a dedicated processor), or a processor that performs the aforementioned methods by calling a computer program (for ease of distinction, referred to as a dedicated processor). Optionally, at least one processor may include both dedicated processors and general-purpose processors.

[0224] Optionally, if the communication device 140 includes at least one memory 1403, and the processor 1401 implements the aforementioned communication method by calling a computer program, the computer program can be stored in the memory 1403.

[0225] This application also provides a chip, which includes logic circuitry and a communication interface. The communication interface is used to receive or transmit signals; the logic circuitry is used to receive or transmit signals through the communication interface. The chip is used to implement the aforementioned communication method, for example... Figure 7 The communication method shown is, for example, a method executed by a first communication device, or a method executed by a second communication device.

[0226] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on at least one processor (or communication device), implement the aforementioned communication method, for example... Figure 7 The communication method shown is, for example, a method executed by a first communication device, or a method executed by a second communication device.

[0227] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions for implementing the aforementioned communication method, for example... Figure 7 The communication method shown is, for example, a method executed by a first communication device, or a method executed by a second communication device.

[0228] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplarily" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0229] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more items, and "more than one" refers to two or more items. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items.

[0230] For example, at least one of a, b, or c can be represented as: a, b, c, (a and b), (a and c), (b and c), or (a and b and c), where a, b, and c can be single or multiple. "AND / OR" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "OR" relationship.

[0231] Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the use of ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of this application is for distinguishing multiple objects and is not for limiting the order, sequence, priority, or importance of multiple objects. Similarly, terms like "first node" and "second node" are merely for convenience in describing new parameters in different implementations and do not indicate differences in their execution operations, importance, structure, etc.

[0232] In the above embodiments, the term "when..." can be interpreted, depending on the context, as meaning "if...", "before...", "determined...", or "detected...". The above descriptions are merely optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the concept and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0233] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above embodiments can be implemented by hardware or by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a first communication device, the method includes: The system receives codebook configuration information from a second communication device, wherein the codebook configuration information is information configured in the Channel State Information (CSI) report, the codebook configuration information includes the number of ports supported by the N-port antenna array, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the CSI report is used to indicate the precoding matrix, and the precoding matrix is ​​used by the second communication device to transmit downlink data; CSI measurements are performed based on the codebook configuration information to obtain CSI reports corresponding to the N ports; Send CSI reports corresponding to the N ports to the second communication device; The downlink data is transmitted to the second communication device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing CSI measurements based on the codebook configuration information to obtain CSI reports corresponding to the N ports includes: Based on the number of ports supported by the N-port antenna array and the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), calculate the beam group and beam combining coefficients corresponding to the channel matrix. The precoding matrix indicator (PMI) parameters are determined based on the beamgroup corresponding to the channel matrix and the beam combining coefficients, wherein the PMI parameters include the bandwidth amplitude adjustment coefficients i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l And the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l The number of feedbacks, the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i 1,4,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination yields i∈{0,1,…,NL-1}. The sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination obtained The sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l It is based on the index c corresponding to the N ports on the corresponding layer. l,i The resulting combination has each layer corresponding to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The PMI parameters also include the orthogonal beamgroup index of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device, the beam combination selected by the first communication device in the orthogonal beamgroup of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device, and the strongest beam number of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device on the corresponding layer. The orthogonal beamgroup index of the Mth port is i. 1,1，M-1 1 ≤ M ≤ N, where M is an integer, and the beam combination of the Mth port is i. 1,2，M-1 The strongest beam at the Mth port on the lth layer is numbered i. 1,3,l,M-1 Each layer corresponds to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The antenna array includes an N-port antenna array based on the characteristic mode theory. Each port of the N-port antenna array corresponds to a far-field radiation pattern, and the far-field radiation patterns corresponding to different ports are orthogonal to each other.

5. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a second communication device, the method includes: Send codebook configuration information to the first communication device, wherein the codebook configuration information is information configured in the Channel State Information (CSI) report, the codebook configuration information includes the number of ports supported by the N-port antenna array, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the CSI report is used to indicate the precoding matrix, and the precoding matrix is ​​used by the second communication device to transmit downlink data; Receive CSI reports from the first communication device corresponding to the N ports; The precoding matrix is ​​determined based on the CSI reports corresponding to the N ports; The downlink data is transmitted to the first communication device.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The precoding matrix is ​​determined based on the precoding matrix indicator PMI parameter, which is determined based on the number of ports supported by the N-port antenna array and the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS). The PMI parameter includes the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beam of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l And the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. 1,4,l Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l and sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l The number of feedbacks, the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient i 1,4,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination yields i∈{0,1,…,NL-1}. The sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient i 2,2,l It is based on the indexes of the N ports at the corresponding layers. The combination obtained The sub-band phase adjustment coefficient i 2,1,l It is based on the index c corresponding to the N ports on the corresponding layer. l,i The resulting combination has each layer corresponding to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The multi-level codebook W is obtained by linearly combining the spatial information W1 of the selected beam and the beam combining coefficients W2 corresponding to different ports among the N ports. The beam combining coefficients W2 corresponding to different ports among the N ports are obtained by the broadband amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix P corresponding to the beams of different ports among the N ports. WB ), Sub-band amplitude adjustment coefficient matrix P( SB The block diagonal element B is obtained from the sub-band phase adjustment coefficient matrix C and the wave array shared by the N ports.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, When l = 1, the multilevel codebook W satisfies the following formula: B=[b0,…,b L-1 ], Where r corresponds to the port index {0, 1, ..., N-1}, l corresponds to the layer index Rank = 1, l = 0, Rank = 2, l ∈ {0, 1}, and i corresponds to the beam index i ∈ {0, 1, ..., L-1}; When l = 2, the multilevel codebook W satisfies the following formula: in, r corresponds to port index {0. 1, ..., N-1}, l corresponds to the layer index Rank=1, l=0, Rank=2, l∈{0,1}, and i corresponds to the beam index i∈{0,1, ...,L-1}.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The PMI parameter information also includes the orthogonal beam group index of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device, the beam combination selected by the first communication device in the orthogonal beam group of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device, and the strongest beam number of each of the N ports selected by the first communication device on the corresponding layer. The orthogonal beam group index of the Mth port is i. 1,1，M-1 1 ≤ M ≤ N, where M is an integer, and the beam combination of the Mth port is i. 1,2，M-1 The strongest beam at the Mth port on the lth layer is numbered i. 1,3,l Each layer corresponds to an independent data stream, where l is a positive integer less than or equal to 2.

10. The method according to any one of claims 5-9, characterized in that, The antenna array includes an N-port antenna array based on the characteristic mode theory. Each port of the N-port antenna array corresponds to a far-field radiation pattern, and the far-field radiation patterns corresponding to different ports are orthogonal to each other.

11. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a communication unit and a processing unit, the communication unit and the processing unit being used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

12. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a communication unit and a processing unit, the communication unit and the processing unit being used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 5-10.

13. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor; When the processor invokes a computer program or instruction in memory, it causes the communication device to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

14. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor; When the processor invokes a computer program or instruction in memory, it causes the communication device to implement the method as described in any one of claims 5-10.

15. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes logic circuits and interfaces, wherein the logic circuits and the interfaces are coupled; The interface is used for inputting and / or outputting information, and the logic circuit is used to enable the communication device to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-10.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that, The communication device is a chip or chip system.

17. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes the communication device as described in claim 11 and the communication device as described in claim 12; or The communication system includes the communication device as described in claim 13 and the communication device as described in claim 14.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store instructions or computer programs; The instructions or the computer program are executed to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-10.

19. A computer program product, characterized in that, include: Instructions or computer programs; The instructions or the computer program are executed to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-10.

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