Bearing jig for printed circuit board processing

Abstract

The invention relates to a bearing jig for printed circuit board processing, which belongs to the technical field of printed circuit boards and comprises a bottom plate, guide plates are arranged on two sides of the bottom plate, clamping grooves are formed in the guide plates, and PCB placing seats are slidably arranged in the clamping grooves. Positioning mechanisms capable of controlling the position of the PCB placing base according to the actual working condition are arranged on the two outward sides of the guide plate, change of different positioning points can be achieved by actively setting the specific positions of internal components of the positioning mechanisms, and only simple equipment is adopted as external equipment; for example, expensive equipment such as a full-automatic welding machine does not need to be used during welding, operation can be rapidly completed only through simple equipment capable of vertically moving up and down, the tool is extremely suitable for personal use or small-scale and low-cost automatic trial-manufacture, welding and testing equipment can be externally connected at the same time due to automatic adjustment, welding and testing can be completed on the tool at the same time, and the working efficiency is greatly improved. The jig has higher degree of freedom and integration, while the existing jig can only serve single equipment for testing or welding and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of printed circuit board technology, and specifically to a support fixture for printed circuit board processing. Background Technology

[0002] PCB (Printed Circuit Board), also known as a printed circuit board, is an important electronic component. It serves as the support for electronic components and the carrier for their electrical interconnection. Because it is manufactured using electronic printing techniques, it is called a "printed" circuit board. Currently, PCB manufacturing often requires corresponding fixtures for rapid positioning of the PCB to facilitate subsequent processing steps such as soldering and testing. However, current fixtures only provide simple positioning. For example, soldering often requires either fully automated soldering equipment or manual soldering, both of which have significant drawbacks. Fully automated soldering equipment is expensive and rarely used for personal use or small-scale trial production. Manual soldering is inefficient, and current fully automated equipment often requires dedicated personnel for debugging and repair, making the learning process cumbersome and lacking in intuitiveness. The high operating and training costs make it unsuitable for personal use or small-scale trial production where frequent changes in testing requirements are necessary. Furthermore, current fixtures are not easily expanded into integrated soldering and testing equipment; each fixture is relatively independent, and process transitions require the assistance of other components such as robotic arms.

[0003] According to the public announcement (CN219131066U), an automatic soldering machine is disclosed. The machine places the product to be soldered on a feeding fixture, and a three-axis (X, Y, Z) conveyor module moves the soldering components above the product. After soldering, the various conveyor modules work together to complete the process. The soldered product is then picked up manually or by a robotic arm and placed in the next process. This method requires precise control, but the fixture only serves a fixing function. This is a drawback of current fixtures; they cannot provide auxiliary positioning during processing, only fixing the circuit board. The control program is not intuitive, and full automation is costly. In actual production, fully automated equipment is not used for personal use or small-scale trial production. This is why many regions still rely on manual processing. The current market lacks an adjustable carrier that can achieve basic positioning, is inexpensive, easy to operate, and can complete some less complex circuit board processing tasks, such as soldering output leads on the circuit board edges, thereby improving work efficiency. Furthermore, it has rich expandability, enabling multi-purpose use in various processing applications. To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a support fixture for printed circuit board processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a support fixture for printed circuit board processing.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A bearing fixture for printed circuit board processing includes a base plate, guide plates are provided on both sides of the base plate, slots are provided on the guide plates, a PCB placement seat is slidably disposed in the slots, and positioning mechanisms are provided on both outward sides of the guide plates, which can control the position of the PCB placement seat according to the actual working conditions. The positioning mechanism is triggered by an external welding machine, testing equipment, etc. that can move up and down, to change the positioning position when it moves.

[0006] Preferably, the positioning mechanism has two sets on each side, staggered from each other. Each set includes a support plate fixedly mounted on the side wall of the guide plate. A return spring is mounted on the upper surface of the support plate, and the upper end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the lower bottom surface of the adjusting seat. The adjusting seat is slidably mounted on the side wall of the guide plate. A slot is provided on the upper surface of the adjusting seat, and a baffle is adjustablely mounted in the slot. The upper end of the baffle extends outward through the side of the slot near the guide plate. The baffle is L-shaped in general. The horizontal section of the baffle is located in the slot and is pressed by a pressure plate. The two sides of the pressure plate are connected to the adjusting seat by bolts through lugs. The two ends of the adjusting seat are connected to the triggering mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the triggering mechanism includes a connecting block fixed to the positioning mechanism. An arc-shaped block is fixedly disposed on the upper end of the connecting block. The arc-shaped block is semi-circular. A push block is fixedly disposed inside the arc-shaped block. An irregularly shaped push plate that can move up and down is disposed directly above the center of the arc-shaped block. A portion of the irregularly shaped push plate has a longer outer edge that can cooperate with the push block. The irregularly shaped push plate is fixedly disposed on the lower end of the connecting rod. A trigger button is rotatably connected to the upper end of the connecting rod. A pin is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the trigger button. The pin is located in the trigger groove on the track block. The trigger groove is composed of an "N"-shaped groove with its ends connected. The vertical section of the trigger groove has a sudden drop in height at its lowest point, forming a discontinuity. A trigger button return spring is fixedly disposed on the lower end of the trigger button. The trigger button return spring and the track block are fixedly disposed on a fixed plate. The fixed plate is fixedly disposed on the guide plate.

[0008] Preferably, the contact surfaces of the baffle and the pressure plate are provided with anti-slip rubber sheets.

[0009] Preferably, the base plate is fixedly connected to the expansion seat via an auxiliary rod, and height-adjustable support legs are fixedly installed at the four corners of the lower end face of the expansion seat. The upper end face of the expansion seat is provided with an expansion slot for installing external devices.

[0010] Preferably, a limiting block mounting base is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the expansion base. The limiting block mounting base extends outward to the top of the guide plate and is fixedly provided with a limiting plate. An extension rod is provided between the limiting plate and the guide plate, and the extension rod is fixedly connected to the PCB placement base.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting plate is provided with a through groove.

[0012] Preferably, the length of the outrigger extends beyond the outermost baffle.

[0013] Preferably, the PCB placement base is a movable base that can be pressed down in the vertical direction and released to reset.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This application can achieve different positioning point changes by actively setting the specific position of the internal components of the positioning mechanism. Only simple equipment is needed for external devices. For example, during welding, there is no need to use expensive equipment such as fully automatic welding machines. Only simple equipment that can move up and down can quickly complete the work. It is extremely suitable for personal use or small-scale low-cost self-prototyping. Because it can be automatically adjusted, welding and testing equipment can be connected to simultaneously. Welding and testing can be completed on this fixture at the same time, which has a higher degree of freedom and integration. Current fixtures can only serve single equipment such as testing or welding. 2. The triggering mechanism is designed based on the actual use process of the robotic arm needing to move down to make the upper component interact with the PCB during welding or testing. After the above actions are completed, the positioning mechanism can be cleverly linked to achieve positioning. The point changes provide conditions for assembly line operation, thus enabling a better user experience for individual use or small-scale trial production. Furthermore, the internal structure of this mechanism has no electric equipment control, making it intuitive, suitable for individual maintenance, and reliable. 3. The positioning mechanism allows for direct adjustment of positioning points on the equipment according to the actual needs of the PCB without software operation. This is more intuitive, lowers the barrier to entry, and allows frontline personnel to easily master it. No special software is required, training time is shorter, and the adoption rate is faster, resulting in quick benefits. Moreover, other components, such as automatic conveying components and welding components, can be quickly expanded through the expansion seat 10, further catering to individual use or small-scale trials. The external expansion components can use low-cost, recommended components, further highlighting the large DIY space advantage of the entire fixture. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another angle; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention after removing some components; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a partially cut-out component; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point "B"; Figure 6 for Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point "A"; Figure 7 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point "C".

[0016] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 10. Extension seat, 11. Extension slot, 12. Support leg, 13. Auxiliary rod, 14. PCB placement seat, 15. Limiting block mounting seat, 16. Guide plate, 17. Limiting plate, 18. Baffle, 19. Extension rod, 20. Pressure plate, 21. Adjustment seat, 22. Trigger button, 23. Fixing plate, 24. Connecting block, 25. Arc-shaped block, 26. Trigger button return spring, 27. Support plate, 28. Connecting rod, 29. Irregular push plate, 30. Push block, 31. Trigger slot, 32. Pin, 33. Base plate, 34. Track block. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0019] In the description of this application, the term "for example" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "for example" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0020] Reference Figures 1-7 A bearing fixture for printed circuit board (PCB) processing includes a base plate 33. Guide plates 16 are provided on both sides of the base plate 33. The guide plates 16 have slots, and a PCB placement seat 14 is slidably disposed in the slots. The PCB placement seat 14 can slide smoothly within the slots formed by the guide plates 16. The PCB placement seat 14 can be configured as a movable base that can be pressed down vertically and reset upon release. If this fixture is used for testing, test feet need to be installed on the upper surface of the base plate 33 so that when an external testing mechanism presses down on the PCB placement seat 14... It is connected to the test pin and automatically resets after testing. The guide plate 16 is provided with positioning mechanisms on both sides outward, which can control the position of the PCB placement seat 14 according to the actual working conditions. The positioning mechanism can be adjusted according to different PCBs to achieve wider adaptability and control the landing position of the PCB on the PCB placement seat 14. When the positioning mechanism is moved by an external welding machine, testing equipment, etc. that can move up and down, the positioning mechanism is triggered by a trigger mechanism to change the positioning position. The trigger mechanism can trigger the positioning mechanism to perform actions, thereby changing the restricted position of the PCB.

[0021] The positioning mechanism has two sets on each side, staggered from each other. This multi-set design allows for changes in the positioning point as the two sets alternate. Each set includes a support plate 27 fixedly mounted on the side wall of the guide plate 16. The length of the support plate 27 varies depending on the set; the outermost sets have a longer outward extension of the support plate 27 to accommodate the staggered design. A return spring is mounted on the upper surface of the support plate 27, with its upper end fixedly connected to the lower surface of the adjusting seat 21. The adjusting seat 21 is slidably mounted on the side wall of the guide plate 16, allowing it to move up and down within a certain range to provide rigid support for changes in the positioning point. A slot is provided on the upper surface of the baffle plate 18, which is adjustablely installed in the slot. The upper end of the baffle plate 18 extends outward through the side of the slot near the guide plate 16. The baffle plate 18 is L-shaped. The L-shaped design can ensure the stability of the vertical section when the horizontal section is compacted. The horizontal section of the baffle plate 18 is located in the slot and is compacted by the pressure plate 20. The contact surface of the baffle plate 18 and the pressure plate 20 is provided with anti-slip rubber, which can further improve the stability of the baffle plate 18. The two sides of the pressure plate 20 are connected to the adjusting seat 21 by bolts through lugs. By turning the bolts, the pressure plate 20 can press down the horizontal section of the baffle plate 18. The adjusting seat 21 is fixedly provided with connecting blocks 24 at both ends.

[0022] When the positioning mechanism is working, the external device will press the trigger mechanism to drive a set of adjusting seats 21 to move down through the connecting block 24. The downward movement of the adjusting seats 21 will drive the baffle 18 to move down, so that the extension rod 19 can be freed from the obstruction of the baffle 18 and move to the next position. The next position is blocked by another set of baffles 18, so that the positioning point can be adjusted according to the different positions of the baffles 18. When welding or testing different PCBs, you only need to move the PCB to the positioning position to perform precise welding. There is no need to use expensive equipment such as fully automatic welding machines. Only simple equipment that can move up and down can complete the operation. Moreover, because it can automatically adjust, welding and testing equipment can be connected to the external device at the same time. Welding and testing can be completed on the fixture at the same time, with higher degree of freedom and integration. In contrast, the current fixture can only serve a single device such as testing or welding. The position can be adjusted by loosening the pressure plate 20 so that the baffle 18 can move in the groove of the adjusting seat 21.

[0023] The triggering mechanism includes connecting blocks 24 fixed to the positioning mechanism. The connecting blocks 24 are parallel and staggered, allowing the positioning mechanism to alternately operate by alternating the pressure of the connecting blocks 24 during subsequent pressing. An arc-shaped block 25 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of each connecting block 24. The arc-shaped block 25 is semi-circular, and its circular design ensures that the internal switching action will not interfere with rotational switching. A push block 30 is fixedly mounted inside the arc-shaped block 25. The arc length of the push block 30 is less than the length of the arc-shaped block 25, leaving gaps on both sides. To ensure sufficient clearance during rotation switching, a vertically movable irregularly shaped push plate 29 is positioned directly above the center of the arc-shaped block 25. A portion of the outer edge of the irregularly shaped push plate 29 is longer and can cooperate with the push block 30. The irregularly shaped push plate 29 directly pushes the push block 30 on one side, causing the corresponding connecting block 24 to move downwards, thereby driving the positioning mechanism. The irregularly shaped push plate 29 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the connecting rod 28, and a trigger button 22 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod 28. The irregularly shaped push plate 29 can rotate synchronously through the rotation of the trigger button 22. A [missing information - likely a design element] is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the trigger button 22. Pin 32 is located in the trigger groove 31 on the track block 34. When the trigger button 22 moves, it rotates and moves up and down under the guidance of the trigger groove 31. The trigger groove 31 is composed of an "N"-shaped groove with its ends connected. The vertical section of the trigger groove 31 has a sudden drop in height at its lowest point, forming a discontinuity. The end-to-end design ensures cyclical operation. The "N"-shaped design allows the pin 32 to rotate in the tilting section and return to its vertical position in the vertical direction. The sudden drop in height in the vertical section ensures that the pin 32 will not retract along its original path but will instead enter the tilting section. In the inclined segment movement, a trigger button 22 is fixedly provided with a trigger button return spring 26 at its lower end. The trigger button return spring 26 and the track block 34 are fixedly provided on the fixed plate 23. The trigger button return spring 26 can effectively ensure that the mechanism can be reset. The fixed plate 23 is fixedly provided on the guide plate 16. The trigger button return spring 26 can also be fixedly provided on the contact shell sleeved on the outside of the trigger button 22. The contact shell is rotatably set with the trigger button 22. At this time, the above-mentioned components are driven to move by externally pressing the contact shell, while the shell itself will not rotate, thereby improving the user experience of the equipment.

[0024] When the triggering mechanism is working, when the external soldering equipment or testing equipment is pressed down, the trigger button 22 or the contact shell will be pushed by the pre-set pushing component to drive the connecting rod 28 to move down. This causes the outer edge of the irregular push plate 29 to push the push block 30 on one side, causing the arc block 25 to drive the connecting block 24 to move down. During this process, the pin 32 will move along the vertical section of the trigger groove 31 to the bottom. At this time, the irregular push plate 29 will not rotate but will only move vertically. When the soldering or testing is completed at the bottom, during the upward movement, the pin 32 will move along the inclined section under the action of the fracture of the trigger groove 31, thereby causing the trigger button 22 to rotate by an angle, thus causing the irregular push plate 29 to complete the reversal, thereby realizing the single-group operation of the positioning mechanism that can alternately drive it.

[0025] The base plate 33 is fixedly connected to the expansion seat 10 via an auxiliary rod 13. The expansion seat 10 provides space for the expansion of the device. Height-adjustable support legs 12 are fixedly provided at the four corners of the lower end face of the expansion seat 10. The upper end face of the expansion seat 10 is provided with an expansion slot 11 for installing external devices. The height of the device can be adjusted by adjusting the support legs 12, or the device can be placed in the corresponding position by replacing the support legs 12 with other components.

[0026] A limiting block mounting base 15 is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the expansion base 10. The limiting block mounting base 15 extends outward to above the guide plate 16 and is fixedly disposed on a limiting plate 17. A space is formed between the guide plate 16 and the limiting plate 17 for the extension rod 19 to move. The limiting plate 17 is provided with a through groove, which allows direct contact with the extension rod 19. This through groove can provide friction through an external transmission device to drive the extension rod 19 to move, thereby enabling selection by electric drive or manual operation. The extension rod 19 is fixedly connected to the PCB placement base 14, and the extension rod 19 restricts the movement of the PCB placement base 14. The length of the extension rod 19 exceeds... The outermost baffle 18 extends outward, so that when the baffle 18 moves up and down alternately, the outward extension rod 19 will restrict the PCB placement seat 14 by different sets of baffles 18. This allows the movement position of the PCB on the PCB placement seat 14 to be controlled by adjusting different sets of baffles 18. Thus, during soldering, the soldering point can be positioned simply by moving forward to the next limiting position, which can greatly improve work efficiency. The PCB placement seat 14 can also be replaced with a movable base that can be pressed down and moved in the vertical direction and then released to reset, so as to ensure that the circuit board can be connected to the contact points set on the base plate 33 under the push of the external component above during PCB testing, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid testing.

[0027] Working principle: This application can be used with external testing equipment or welding equipment according to different practical requirements, thereby reducing equipment costs and improving work efficiency. The positioning mechanism is preset to set the active position of the PCB, and the positioning position of the positioning mechanism is switched back and forth by the trigger mechanism, so that the PCB can directly reach the welding point or test point. The external equipment does not need to be fully automatic, but only simple equipment can complete the predetermined work well and quickly. It is extremely suitable for personal use or small-scale low-cost self-prototyping. Moreover, the extension rod 19 can be directly driven to move by external conveying equipment such as conveyor belt, which has the potential to be converted from manual to automated.

[0028] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0029] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A bearing fixture for printed circuit board processing, comprising a base plate (33), wherein guide plates (16) are provided on both sides of the base plate (33), and slots are provided on the guide plates (16), wherein a PCB placement seat (14) is slidably disposed in the slots, characterized in that, The guide plate (16) is provided with positioning mechanisms on both sides outward, which can control the position of the PCB placement seat (14) according to the actual working conditions. The positioning mechanism is triggered by an external welding machine, testing equipment, etc. that can move up and down, to change the positioning position when it moves.

2. The bearing fixture for printed circuit board processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism is provided with two sets on each side and staggered from each other. Each set includes a support plate (27) fixedly installed on the side wall of the guide plate (16). A reset spring is provided on the upper surface of the support plate (27). The upper end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the lower bottom surface of the adjusting seat (21). The adjusting seat (21) is slidably installed on the side wall of the guide plate (16). A slot is provided on the upper surface of the adjusting seat (21). A baffle (18) is adjustablely installed in the slot. The upper end of the baffle (18) extends outward through the side of the slot near the guide plate (16). The baffle (18) is L-shaped in general. The horizontal section of the baffle (18) is located in the slot and is pressed by the pressure plate (20). The two sides of the pressure plate (20) are connected to the adjusting seat (21) by bolts through lugs. The two ends of the adjusting seat (21) are connected to the triggering mechanism.

3. The bearing fixture for printed circuit board processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triggering mechanism includes a connecting block (24) fixed to the positioning mechanism. An arc-shaped block (25) is fixedly provided on the upper end of the connecting block (24). The arc-shaped block (25) is semi-circular. A push block (30) is fixedly provided inside the arc-shaped block (25). A vertically movable irregularly shaped push plate (29) is provided directly above the center of the arc-shaped block (25). The irregularly shaped push plate (29) has a relatively long outer edge that can cooperate with the push block (30). The irregularly shaped push plate (29) is fixedly provided at the lower end of the connecting rod (28). A trigger button (2) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the connecting rod (28). 2) A pin (32) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the trigger button (22). The pin (32) is located in the trigger groove (31) on the track block (34). The trigger groove (31) is composed of an "N"-shaped groove connected end to end. The vertical section of the trigger groove (31) has a sudden change in height at the bottom, forming a discontinuity. A trigger button reset spring (26) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the trigger button (22). The trigger button reset spring (26) and the track block (34) are fixedly installed on the fixing plate (23). The fixing plate (23) is fixedly installed on the guide plate (16).

4. A bearing fixture for printed circuit board processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The contact surfaces of the baffle (18) and the pressure plate (20) are provided with anti-slip rubber sheets.

5. A carrier fixture for printed circuit board processing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The base plate (33) is fixedly connected to the expansion seat (10) by an auxiliary rod (13). The expansion seat (10) has adjustable support legs (12) fixedly installed at the four corners of its lower end face. The expansion seat (10) has an expansion slot (11) on its upper end face for installing external devices.

6. A bearing fixture for printed circuit board processing according to claim 5, characterized in that, A limiting block mounting base (15) is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the extension base (10). The limiting block mounting base (15) extends outward to above the guide plate (16) and a limiting plate (17) is fixedly provided thereon. An extension rod (19) is provided between the limiting plate (17) and the guide plate (16). The extension rod (19) is fixedly connected to the PCB placement base (14).

7. A bearing fixture for printed circuit board processing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting plate (17) is provided with a through groove.

8. A bearing fixture for printed circuit board processing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The length of the outrigger (19) extends beyond the outermost baffle (18).

9. A carrier fixture for printed circuit board processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PCB placement base (14) is a movable base that can be pressed down in the vertical direction and released to reset.

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