Wearable noninvasive microwave glucometer
By designing a wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter that integrates an active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor and a blood glucose monitoring system, the problem of insufficient accuracy in existing non-invasive blood glucose monitoring is solved, achieving high-precision and portable real-time blood glucose monitoring.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- APOLE MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
Existing non-invasive blood glucose monitoring devices suffer from insufficient measurement accuracy. Traditional finger-prick blood glucose meters pose risks of pain and infection, CGM is expensive and has a delay, and photoelectric and microwave non-invasive monitoring devices lack accuracy, making it impossible to achieve low-cost, high-precision non-invasive continuous blood glucose monitoring.
A wearable, non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter was designed, including an active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor and a blood glucose monitoring system. The system monitors blood glucose signals through a microwave signal generation and processing unit and displays the results on a screen. The system is integrated into the watch band and adopts a miniaturized design.
It enables non-invasive real-time monitoring of human blood glucose concentration, with high resolution and sensitivity, meeting clinical accuracy requirements, and the system is miniaturized and portable.
Smart Images
Figure CN121943291A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of non-invasive blood glucose monitoring, and in particular to a wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter. Background Technology
[0002] Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. Effective blood glucose management can significantly improve patient prognosis and reduce the incidence of complications. Currently, the main methods of blood glucose monitoring include traditional finger-prick blood glucose meters (BGM) and continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGM). BGM typically collects blood from the fingertip, a relatively accurate method, but blood collection carries certain risks of pain and infection. The line connecting single blood glucose values measured by BGM is difficult to represent a complete trend of blood glucose changes, and there is a monitoring blind spot during the night, easily missing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia peaks, making continuous real-time blood glucose monitoring difficult to achieve for timely detection of blood glucose abnormalities. CGM measures the glucose concentration of tissue fluid through a sensor implanted under the skin. Based on the correlation between tissue fluid glucose concentration and blood glucose concentration, an algorithm is used to convert it into a blood glucose reading, enabling 24-hour uninterrupted monitoring and near real-time display of blood glucose fluctuations. However, CGM indirect measurement requires the use of algorithms to convert tissue fluid glucose levels into real-time blood glucose levels, and there is a delay; additionally, the price is relatively high. Non-invasive continuous glucose monitoring devices offer an effective solution, but current non-invasive blood glucose monitoring based on photoelectric and microwave methods suffers from insufficient measurement accuracy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop low-cost, high-precision, and non-invasive continuous blood glucose monitoring devices, and low-cost, extremely sensitive, and non-invasive microwave sensors are the most critical component.
[0003] Microwave sensors are a non-invasive sensing technology. Their application in blood glucose detection involves measuring the dielectric properties of blood containing glucose molecules. When the glucose concentration in the blood changes, the blood's dielectric properties change, and the microwave signals interacting with the blood also undergo specific changes. These signals can be captured and analyzed by microwave sensors to calculate the blood glucose concentration. Laboratories typically use vector network analyzers for blood glucose concentration measurement; however, these analyzers are bulky, expensive, and require specialized knowledge and operational skills, hindering widespread adoption. Therefore, a wearable, non-invasive blood glucose monitor is needed to achieve non-invasive detection of blood glucose concentration in the human body. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this invention provides a wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter to achieve non-invasive detection of blood glucose concentration in the human body.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:
[0006] A wearable, non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter includes: an active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor, a blood glucose monitoring system, and a watch band; the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor and the blood glucose monitoring system are integrated and fixedly mounted on the watch band;
[0007] The blood glucose monitoring system includes: a screen, a power supply unit, and a microwave signal generation and processing unit; the screen, the power supply unit, and the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor are all connected to the microwave signal generation and processing unit.
[0008] The active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor is used to monitor blood glucose signals based on microwave signals generated by the microwave signal generation and processing unit; the microwave signal generation and processing unit is used to obtain blood glucose monitoring results based on the blood glucose signals monitored by the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor; the screen is used to display the blood glucose monitoring results; and the power supply unit is used to provide the required electrical energy.
[0009] Optionally, the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor includes: a first dielectric substrate, a second metal grating structure layer, a metal coupling patch, a first metal grating structure layer, a microstrip line metal excitation layer, a second dielectric substrate, a metal backplate layer, and an active structure;
[0010] The second metal grating structure layer, the metal coupling patch, and the first metal grating structure layer are all disposed on one end face of the first dielectric substrate; the metal coupling patch is coupled to the second metal grating structure layer; the second metal grating structure layer is coupled to the first metal grating structure layer; the metal coupling patch is connected to the active structure; a groove is formed at a relative position on the edge of the first dielectric substrate, and the groove is used to set the microstrip line metal excitation layer; one end face of the second dielectric substrate is attached to the other end face of the first dielectric substrate; the metal backplate layer is attached to one end face of the second dielectric substrate.
[0011] Optionally, periodic grooves are etched on the surface of both the first metal grating structure layer and the surface of the second metal grating structure layer.
[0012] Optionally, the second metal grating structure layer and the first metal grating structure layer are coupled to generate a resonant mode.
[0013] Optionally, the active structure includes: a low-noise amplifier module and a phase shifter module;
[0014] One end of the metal coupling patch is connected to the input port of the low-noise amplifier module; the output port of the low-noise amplifier module is connected to the input port of the phase shifter module; and the output port of the phase shifter module is connected to the other end of the metal coupling patch.
[0015] Optionally, the low-noise amplifier module uses a low-noise amplifier chip of model TRF37C75.
[0016] Optionally, the phase shifter module uses a six-bit digital phase shifter chip of model HMC649ALP6E.
[0017] Optionally, the microwave signal generation and processing unit includes: a main control module, a digital-to-analog converter module, a voltage-controlled oscillator module, an attenuator module, and a detector module;
[0018] The main control module is connected to the digital-to-analog converter module, the voltage-controlled oscillator module, and the screen respectively; the digital-to-analog converter module is connected to the voltage-controlled oscillator module; the voltage-controlled oscillator module is connected to the attenuator module; the attenuator module is connected to the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor; and the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor is connected to the detector module.
[0019] The main control module generates the digital signal required by the digital-to-analog converter module; the digital-to-analog converter module generates a voltage signal based on the digital signal; the voltage-controlled oscillator module generates a radio frequency (RF) signal based on the voltage signal; the attenuator module generates an attenuated RF transmission signal based on the RF signal; the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor monitors blood glucose concentration based on the attenuated RF transmission signal; the detector module receives the RF output signal from the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor and converts the RF output signal into a voltage signal; the main control module generates the blood glucose detection result based on the voltage signal converted from the RF output signal and displays it on the screen.
[0020] Optionally, the microwave signal generation and processing unit further includes a power management module; the power management module is connected to both the power supply unit and the main control module.
[0021] The power management module is used to convert the voltage provided by the power supply unit.
[0022] Optionally, the blood glucose monitoring system is configured as a printed circuit board.
[0023] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:
[0024] In this invention, the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor and the blood glucose monitoring system are integrated and fixed to a watchband, resulting in a miniaturized and wearable design. Furthermore, the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor monitors blood glucose concentration based on microwave signals generated by the microwave signal generation and processing unit, enabling non-invasive real-time monitoring of human blood glucose. The inclusion of a screen, power supply unit, and microwave signal generation and processing unit improves the resolution and sensitivity of blood glucose monitoring, meeting clinical accuracy requirements. Attached Figure Description
[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter provided by the present invention;
[0027] Figure 2 The circuit schematic diagram of the power supply unit of the blood glucose monitoring system provided by the present invention;
[0028] Figure 3 The circuit schematic of the MCU part in the blood glucose monitoring system provided by the present invention;
[0029] Figure 4 The circuit diagram of the phase shifter module in the blood glucose monitoring system provided by the present invention;
[0030] Figure 5 The circuit diagram of the low-noise amplifier module in the blood glucose monitoring system provided by the present invention;
[0031] Figure 6 The circuit diagram of the digital-to-analog conversion module in the blood glucose monitoring system provided by this invention;
[0032] Figure 7 The circuit diagram of the voltage-controlled oscillator module in the blood glucose monitoring system provided by the present invention;
[0033] Figure 8 The circuit diagram of the attenuator module in the blood glucose monitoring system provided by the present invention;
[0034] Figure 9 The circuit schematic diagram of the detector module in the blood glucose monitoring system provided by the present invention;
[0035] Figure 10 This is a functional structure diagram of the blood glucose monitoring system provided by the present invention;
[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor provided by the present invention;
[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of human blood glucose detection provided by the present invention;
[0038] Figure 13 This is a diagram showing the experimental results of glucose solution detection provided by the present invention;
[0039] Figure 14 This is an experimental result diagram of human blood glucose testing provided by the present invention.
[0040] Symbol explanation:
[0041] First dielectric substrate—1, Second metal grating structure layer—2, Metal coupling patch—3, First metal grating structure layer—4, Microstrip line metal excitation layer—5, Second dielectric substrate—6, Metal backplate layer—7, Low noise amplifier module—8, Phase shifter module—9, Watchband—10, Active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor—11, Blood glucose monitoring system—12, Electronic components—13, Battery unit—14, Screen—15, Ribbon cable—16, Power cord—17, Wristband—18, Attenuator module—19, Voltage-controlled oscillator module—20, Main control module—21, Detector module—22. Detailed Implementation
[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0043] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wearable, non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter that can achieve non-invasive detection of blood glucose concentration in the human body. It has the advantages of being miniaturized, wearable, having high resolution and sensitivity, and meeting clinical accuracy requirements.
[0044] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0045] The wearable, non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter provided by this invention includes: an active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor, a blood glucose monitoring system, and a watchband. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor 11 and the blood glucose monitoring system 12 are integrated and fixedly mounted on the watch strap 10.
[0046] The blood glucose monitoring system 12 includes a screen 15, a power supply unit 14, and a microwave signal generation and processing unit (not shown in the figure). The screen 15, the power supply unit 14, and the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor 11 are all connected to the microwave signal generation and processing unit.
[0047] As an embodiment of the present invention, in order to further reduce the size of the non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter, the blood glucose monitoring system can be mounted on a PCB board. Based on this, as Figure 1 As shown, from bottom to top, the components are: an active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor 11, a blood glucose monitoring system 12, electronic components 13 on the blood glucose monitoring system 12, a battery unit 14, a screen 15, and a ribbon cable 16 and a power cable 17 connecting the screen. These components are stacked together to form a non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter with an overall thickness of approximately 10 mm.
[0048] As an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 2-10 As shown, the microwave signal generation and processing unit provided above includes: a power management module (Power), a main control module 21 (i.e., a microcontroller module, MCU), a digital-to-analog converter module (i.e., a digital-to-analog converter, DAC), a voltage-controlled oscillator module 20 (VCO), an attenuator module 19 (Attenuator), and a detector module 22 (Detector). Figure 10 In China, the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor is simply referred to as a blood glucose sensor.
[0049] like Figure 10 As shown, the main control module 21 is connected to the digital-to-analog converter module, the voltage-controlled oscillator module 20, and the screen. The voltage-controlled oscillator module 20 is connected to the attenuator module 19. The attenuator module 19 is connected to the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor. The digital-to-analog converter module is connected to the detector module 22. The power management module is connected to the power supply unit and the main control module 21.
[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the power management module (Power) is mainly used to convert external power supply into the +3.3V voltage required by the circuit board. For example... Figure 2 As shown, this module employs a voltage regulator (U1) and related filter capacitors (C1, C2) to ensure a stable power output. A diode (D1) and inductor (L5) form a boost converter to process the input voltage and provide a clean, stable power supply through the voltage regulator (U1). An inverter (U3) outputs a negative voltage, which serves as the negative power supply input for the phase shifter (U7).
[0051] like Figure 3As shown, the main control module 21 is the core of the circuit board, responsible for controlling and coordinating the operation of other modules and controlling the operation of the entire non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter. It exchanges data with external devices through a built-in wireless communication interface.
[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, the digital-to-analog converter is mainly used to convert digital signals into analog signals for use by other modules. This module can generate accurate analog output signals and is a key component of high-precision signal processing.
[0053] The voltage-controlled oscillator module 20 is mainly used to change the output frequency by adjusting the input voltage signal, thus outputting radio frequency (RF) signals of different frequencies as RF output signals. The circuit principle of this module is as follows: Figure 7 As shown. In practical applications, voltage-controlled oscillators need to have good linearity, and their models are not limited.
[0054] Attenuator module 19 is mainly used to reduce the signal amplitude (i.e., attenuate the RF transmission signal) to meet the conditions for injection-locked oscillation, thus adapting to different signal processing requirements. The circuit principle of this module is as follows: Figure 8 As shown. In practical applications, the attenuator module 19 needs to have an adjustable function to change the attenuation value, and its model is not limited.
[0055] The detector module 22 is mainly used to extract the power information of the input radio frequency signal, convert the power information into a voltage signal, and then output it, thereby providing data for the system's signal processing and analysis. The circuit principle of this module is as follows: Figure 9 As shown. In practical applications, the detector module 22 needs to have a wide power input range and frequency input range, and its model is not limited.
[0056] Based on the above settings, the design of the entire blood glucose monitoring system takes into account signal integrity between modules, ensuring stable transmission of radio frequency signals and minimal crosstalk. The advantages of this design include modularity, ease of maintenance and upgrades, and high accuracy and low noise performance, making it suitable for demanding signal processing applications.
[0057] As an embodiment of the present invention, the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor used in this invention operates based on injection-locked oscillation. This active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor includes a passive resonant structure and an active structure. Figure 11 As shown, it includes a first dielectric substrate 1, a second metal grating structure layer 2, a metal coupling patch 3, a first metal grating structure layer 4, a microstrip line metal excitation layer 5, a second dielectric substrate 6, and a metal backplate layer 7.
[0058] The second metal grating structure layer 2, the metal coupling patch 3, and the first metal grating structure layer 4 are all disposed on one end face of the first dielectric substrate 1. The metal coupling patch 3 is coupled to the second metal grating structure layer 2. The second metal grating structure layer 2 is coupled to the first metal grating structure layer 4. The metal coupling patch 3 is connected to the active structure. A groove is formed at a relatively opposite position on the edge of the first dielectric substrate 1, and the groove is used to set the microstrip line metal excitation layer 5. One end face of the second dielectric substrate 6 is attached to the other end face of the first dielectric substrate 1. The metal backing plate layer 7 is attached to one end face of the second dielectric substrate 6.
[0059] Both the first metal grating structure layer 4 and the second metal grating structure layer 2 have periodic grooves etched on their surfaces. Compared with a ring structure without metal grating grooves, this grating structure, with the same metal ring radius, has a stronger electromagnetic wave confinement capability and offers the advantage of miniaturization. The first metal grating structure layer 4 and the second metal grating structure layer 2, with their periodic grooves etched on their surfaces, generate a resonant mode with two resonance points: a resonance peak and a resonance valley. This resonance point has a greater resonance intensity and a higher quality factor than the Lorentz resonance mode. In this invention, the desired resonance is excited through the coupling of the second metal grating structure layer 2 and the first metal grating structure layer 4. The metal coupling patch 3 is connected to the active structure. Through coupling with the second metal grating structure 2, the metal coupling patch 3 enhances the resonance intensity and reduces the resonance linewidth.
[0060] In practical applications, the thicknesses of both the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 6 can be adjusted. The widths of the first metal grating structure layer 4 and the second metal grating structure layer 2, the distance between the two metal grooves, and the slit radius of the metal grating with etched periodic grooves are all adjustable geometric parameters.
[0061] For example, the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 6 can be Rogers RO4350, which has a relative permittivity of 3.48, a loss tangent of 0.004, and a substrate thickness of 1.0 mm. The thicknesses of the first metal grating structure 4, the second metal grating structure 2, the metal coupling patch 3, the microstrip line metal excitation layer 5, and the metal backplate layer 7 can all be set to very small values; for example, the thicknesses of the first metal grating structure 4, the second metal grating structure 2, the metal coupling patch 3, the microstrip line metal excitation layer 5, and the metal backplate layer 7 can be set to 0.035 mm.
[0062] As an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 11 As shown, the active structure includes a low-noise amplifier module 8 (LNA) and a phase shifter module 9. The circuit principle of the LNA module is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the circuit principle of phase shifter module 9 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.
[0063] One end of the metal coupling patch is connected to the input port of the low-noise amplifier module. The output port of the low-noise amplifier module is connected to the input port of the phase shifter module. The output port of the phase shifter module is connected to the other end of the metal coupling patch.
[0064] The low-noise amplifier module 8 is mainly used to amplify the received signal while keeping the noise level as low as possible to improve the system's sensitivity.
[0065] Phase shifter module 9 is mainly used to meet the injection lock conditions by changing the phase information of the signal.
[0066] In this process, an active component based on injection-locked oscillation technology is introduced through the second metal grating structure 2, and the phase shift angle of the second metal grating structure 2 and the phase shifter module 9 is adjusted so that the phase meets the oscillation condition.
[0067] In practical applications, the low-noise amplifier module 8 can use a low-noise amplifier chip from Texas Instruments, model TRF37C75, which has a gain of 16dB, but is not limited to this.
[0068] Phase shifter module 9 can be a six-bit digital phase shifter chip from Analog Devices, Inc., model HMC649ALP6E, with a minimum phase shift angle of 5.625°, but is not limited to this.
[0069] Based on the above description, taking blood glucose testing on a human body as an example, the detection effect of the wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter provided by the present invention will be explained. Figure 12 The demonstration showed the actual wearing of the non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter during human blood glucose testing. Figure 12 The non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter can be worn on the front or back of the wrist 18 via the strap 10 to ensure accurate measurement results. The screen 15 is used to display the measurement results. The specific content displayed on the screen 15 can be set according to actual needs. Figure 12 This is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the final display structure.
[0070] The experimental results during glucose solution testing are as follows: Figure 13 As shown in the figure. The experiment collected data on the changes in glucose solutions of different concentrations. The horizontal axis represents the input control voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator, which can be converted into frequency information, and the vertical axis represents the output voltage of the detector, which essentially represents power information. From... Figure 13 As can be seen from the above, the non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter provided by the present invention can detect changes in the concentration of glucose solution up to 10 mg / dL.
[0071] Figure 14 This is a comparison chart of experimental results between the non-invasive microwave blood glucose monitor and the blood sampling blood glucose meter provided by this invention. Figure 14 The experimental results shown primarily detect changes in blood glucose concentration in the human body within one hour after a meal. The horizontal axis represents time in minutes, the left vertical axis represents the control voltage information of the VCO (Voltage Control Unit), which is essentially frequency information, and the right vertical axis represents blood glucose levels. The experimental results are obtained by collecting finger-prick blood using a blood glucose meter, and the unit is mmol / L.
[0072] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0073] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims
1. A wearable, non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter, characterized in that, include: Active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor, blood glucose monitoring system and watch band; The active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor and the blood glucose monitoring system are integrated and fixedly mounted on the watch strap; The blood glucose monitoring system includes: a screen, a power supply unit, and a microwave signal generation and processing unit; The screen, the power supply unit, and the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor are all connected to the microwave signal generation and processing unit. The active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor is used to monitor blood glucose concentration based on microwave signals generated by the microwave signal generation and processing unit; the microwave signal generation and processing unit is used to obtain blood glucose monitoring results based on the blood glucose concentration monitored by the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor; the screen is used to display the blood glucose monitoring results; and the power supply unit is used to provide the required electrical energy.
2. The wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor includes: a first dielectric substrate, a second metal grating structure layer, a metal coupling patch, a microstrip line metal excitation layer, a second dielectric substrate, a metal backplate layer, and an active structure; The second metal grating structure layer, the metal coupling patch, and the first metal grating structure layer are all disposed on one end face of the first dielectric substrate; the metal coupling patch is coupled to the second metal grating structure layer; the second metal grating structure layer is coupled to the first metal grating structure layer; the metal coupling patch is connected to the active structure; a groove is formed at a relative position on the edge of the first dielectric substrate, and the groove is used to set the microstrip line metal excitation layer; one end face of the second dielectric substrate is attached to the other end face of the first dielectric substrate; the metal backplate layer is attached to one end face of the second dielectric substrate.
3. The wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter according to claim 2, characterized in that, Periodic grooves are etched on the surface of both the first metal grating structure layer and the second metal grating structure layer.
4. The wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second metal grating structure layer and the first metal grating structure layer are coupled to generate a resonant mode.
5. The wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The active structure includes: a low-noise amplifier module and a phase shifter module; One end of the metal coupling patch is connected to the input port of the low-noise amplifier module; the output port of the low-noise amplifier module is connected to the input port of the phase shifter module; and the output port of the phase shifter module is connected to the other end of the metal coupling patch.
6. The wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The low-noise amplifier module uses a TRF37C75 low-noise amplifier chip.
7. The wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The phase shifter module uses a six-bit digital phase shifter chip, model HMC649ALP6E.
8. The wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave signal generation and processing unit includes: a main control module, a digital-to-analog converter module, a voltage-controlled oscillator module, an attenuator module, and a detector module; The main control module is connected to the digital-to-analog converter module, the voltage-controlled oscillator module, and the screen respectively; the digital-to-analog converter module is connected to the voltage-controlled oscillator module; the voltage-controlled oscillator module is connected to the attenuator module; the attenuator module is connected to the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor; and the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor is connected to the detector module. The main control module generates the digital signal required by the digital-to-analog converter module; the digital-to-analog converter module generates a voltage signal based on the digital signal; the voltage-controlled oscillator module generates a radio frequency (RF) signal based on the voltage signal; the attenuator module generates an attenuated RF transmission signal based on the RF signal; the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor monitors blood glucose concentration based on the attenuated RF transmission signal; the detector module receives the RF output signal from the active Fano resonant blood glucose sensor and converts the RF output signal into a voltage signal; the main control module generates the blood glucose detection result based on the voltage signal converted from the RF output signal and displays it on the screen.
9. The wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter according to claim 8, characterized in that, The microwave signal generation and processing unit further includes a power management module; the power management module is connected to both the power supply unit and the main control module. The power management module is used to convert the voltage provided by the power supply unit.
10. The wearable non-invasive microwave blood glucose meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blood glucose monitoring system is configured on a printed circuit board.