Anti-aging intelligent rib based on particle reinforced adhesive layer and special-shaped groove and preparation method of anti-aging intelligent rib

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-aging intelligent rib based on a particle reinforced adhesive layer and a special-shaped groove and a preparation method of the anti-aging intelligent rib, which are used for solving the problems that the long-term reliability of the existing intelligent rib is insufficient and the effective strain measurement range of an optical fiber is insufficient. The intelligent rib comprises a metal steel wire base body, at least one special-shaped section sensing groove arranged along the axis is machined in the outer wall of the metal steel wire base body, an optical fiber sensing unit is embedded in the sensing groove, the sensing groove is filled with a particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer, the particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer is made of a microcosmic modified polymer binder, and the microcosmic modified polymer binder is made of an optical fiber. The microcosmic modified high-molecular binder comprises a high-molecular matrix, and hard micro-nano particles for improving toughness and fatigue resistance are uniformly dispersed in the high-molecular matrix. According to the invention, the effective strain measurement range of the optical fiber and the long-term interface stability of the intelligent rib are improved through the synergistic effect of macroscopic mechanical locking of the special-shaped groove and micromechanical anchoring of the particles at the interface and the enhancement of the particles on the performance of the adhesive layer body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber optic composite reinforcement in detection technology, and in particular to a method for preparing an aging-resistant smart reinforcement based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and an irregularly shaped groove. Background Technology

[0002] In major engineering structures such as bridge cables and prestressed tendons, creating "smart tendons" by grooving the surface of steel wires and attaching fiber optic sensors (such as FBGs), and then integrating them into smart strands, is one of the mainstream technical approaches to achieving force-sensing integration. However, this technology has a fundamental flaw: its sensing reliability is highly dependent on the long-term performance of the epoxy resin adhesive layer filling the grooves. In actual engineering, structures are subjected to harsh environments with complex stress, humidity, temperature cycling, and salt spray corrosion, which can easily lead to hydrolysis, thermo-oxidative aging, creep, and stress relaxation of the epoxy adhesive layer, resulting in a significant decrease in its bond strength and modulus. More seriously, in steel strands or cables, there is an unavoidable micron-level relative sliding (micromotion) between the steel wires, which continuously shears and wears down the fragile adhesive layer interface.

[0003] The synergistic effect of aging and wear mentioned above makes traditional "smart ribs" prone to strain decoupling between the optical fiber and the substrate, manifesting as irreversible drift, abrupt changes, or even complete failure of the monitoring signal. Studies show that under harsh operating conditions, the performance of such sensors may significantly degrade within 2-3 years of service, failing to meet the stringent requirements of high-precision monitoring throughout the decades-long lifecycle of critical infrastructure. Existing technologies only focus on grooving and bonding, failing to address this long-term reliability bottleneck from the perspective of material and structural synergy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and irregular grooves, and its preparation method. This addresses the technical problems of insufficient long-term reliability of existing surface-grooved adhesive smart ribs due to adhesive layer aging and fretting wear, as well as the limitation on the effective strain measurement range of optical fibers due to limited interfacial bonding strength.

[0005] First, this application provides an aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and an irregular groove, including a metal wire matrix, wherein at least one irregularly shaped sensing groove is processed on the outer wall of the metal wire matrix, and the sensing groove is arranged along the axial direction of the metal wire matrix.

[0006] The sensing slot is embedded with an optical fiber sensing unit and filled with a particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer. The particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer is made of a micro-modified polymer adhesive. The micro-modified polymer adhesive includes a polymer matrix in which hard micro- and nano-particles for improving toughness and fatigue resistance are uniformly dispersed.

[0007] Optionally, the cross-section of the sensing groove has a mechanical locking effect, and the cross-section of the sensing groove is one of polygonal, arc-shaped, dovetail-shaped, serrated, trapezoidal, wedge-shaped, circular, or mushroom-shaped.

[0008] Optionally, the hard micro / nanoparticles are one or more of the following: corundum, silicon carbide, boron nitride, alumina, silica nanospheres, and carbon nanotubes.

[0009] Optionally, the volume of the hard micro / nano particles in the micro-modified polymer binder is 5% to 40% of the volume of the polymer matrix, and the particle size range of the hard micro / nano particles is 0.01 micrometers to 100 micrometers.

[0010] Optionally, the average bonding strength of the aging-resistant smart rib interface is 22.5 MPa to 37.5 MPa, and the upper limit of the effective comprehensive strain measurement range of the fiber optic sensing unit 4 is 7500µε to 10500µε.

[0011] Optionally, the fiber optic sensing unit is a fiber grating, a distributed sensing fiber, or a distributed sensing fiber array.

[0012] Optionally, the polymer matrix is ​​epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, or acrylate resin.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a smart steel cable, including the aforementioned aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and a shaped groove.

[0014] Secondly, this application also provides a method for preparing an aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and a shaped groove, used to prepare the above-mentioned aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and a shaped groove, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0015] S1: A sensing groove with an irregular cross-section is machined on the outer wall of a metal wire substrate;

[0016] S2: Disperse and mix a polymer matrix and hard micro / nanoparticles to prepare a micro-modified polymer binder;

[0017] S3: Place the fiber optic sensing unit in the sensing groove and inject a micro-modified polymer binder to completely fill the sensing groove.

[0018] S4: Curing the micro-modified polymer binder to form a particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer.

[0019] Optionally, the curing process in step S4 is carried out under conditions in which axial tension is applied to the metal wire matrix.

[0020] Because of the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. This application improves the long-term interface stability, environmental aging resistance and fretting wear resistance of the smart rib by combining the macroscopic mechanical locking of the irregular groove with the microscopic mechanical anchoring of the particles at the interface, and by enhancing the properties of the adhesive layer by the particles.

[0022] 2. To address the technical problem of brittle shear delamination between the adhesive layer and the metal interface in traditional rectangular groove structures, this application transforms the failure mode into compressive yielding of the colloidal bulk or tough failure of the particle-reinforced phase, which requires higher energy to trigger, through the geometric constraints of the irregular groove. This transformation of failure mode is direct evidence of a substantial improvement in the interfacial load-bearing capacity and toughness, enabling the long-term reliability of the smart rib to shift from "relying on material durability" to "relying on structural robustness".

[0023] 3. In response to the technical problem that micron-level relative motion (micromotion) between steel wires in multi-wire composite structures such as cables and steel strands leads to early sensor failure, this application greatly limits the overall displacement amplitude of the colloid through the macroscopic constraint of the irregular groove, while the hard particles can effectively disperse, passivate and buffer the initiation and propagation of micro cracks; this synergy between the macroscopic structure and the micromaterial provides an excellent resistance to high-frequency, small-amplitude micro-motion wear that cannot be achieved by a single technical means.

[0024] 4. In this application, the adhesive layer is in a tightly constrained state within the irregular groove, suppressing its volume shrinkage or creep deformation caused by humid heat aging and chemical corrosion, thereby delaying the interface debonding process. Simultaneously, the densely distributed hard micro- and nano-particles objectively block the penetration channels of aging media such as water vapor and chloride ions. This anti-aging mechanism, combining "physical confinement" and "material barrier," provides dual protection for the smart rib to achieve the goal of having the same lifespan as the main structure in harsh environments, extending the sensor's expected lifespan in harsh environments such as humid heat, salt spray, and cyclic loading from the usual few years to several decades, the same as the main structure.

[0025] 5. Traditional rectangular groove structures are limited by their interfacial gripping strength. When prestressing the steel wire to extend the optical fiber's measurement range, there is an upper limit to the preset stress value; excessively high preset stress can lead to premature interface slippage and failure. This application, through a composite structure of "irregular groove - particle-reinforced adhesive layer," unexpectedly and significantly improves the interfacial gripping strength while achieving superior durability. This allows for the application of higher preset tension stress to the steel wire during manufacturing, thereby passively shifting the effective working strain range of the optical fiber towards the tensile side without altering the performance of the optical fiber sensing unit itself. This fundamentally breaks through the limitation of the traditional smart steel wire's effective sensing range of approximately 3000 micro-strains.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings of this invention are described below.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent rib when the sensing groove of the present invention is a dovetail groove.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent rib when the sensing groove of the present invention is a teardrop-shaped groove.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smart rib when the sensing groove of the present invention is a sawtooth groove.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the intelligent rib preparation method of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1-Metal steel wire substrate; 2-Sensing groove; 3-Particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer; 301-Polymer matrix; 302-Hard micro / nano particles; 4-Fiber optic sensing unit. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" or "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0034] like Figures 1-3 The invention relates to an aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and an irregularly shaped groove, comprising a metal wire matrix 1, wherein at least one irregularly shaped cross-section sensing groove 2 is processed on the outer wall of the metal wire matrix 1, and the sensing groove 2 is arranged along the axial direction of the metal wire matrix 1.

[0035] The sensing groove 2 is embedded with an optical fiber sensing unit 4, and the sensing groove 2 is filled with a particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer 3. The particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer 3 is made of a micro-modified polymer adhesive. The micro-modified polymer adhesive includes a polymer matrix 301, in which hard micro- and nano-particles 302 for improving toughness and fatigue strength are uniformly dispersed.

[0036] The cross-section of the sensing slot 2 has a mechanical locking effect, and the cross-section of the sensing slot 2 is one of polygonal, arc-shaped, dovetail-shaped, sawtooth-shaped, trapezoidal, wedge-shaped, circular, or mushroom-shaped; the optical fiber sensing unit 4 is a fiber grating, a distributed sensing fiber, or a distributed sensing fiber array.

[0037] The polymer matrix 301 is epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, or acrylate resin; the hard micro / nano particles 302 are one or more of corundum, silicon carbide, boron nitride, alumina, silica nanospheres, and carbon nanotubes, and the particle size of the hard micro / nano particles 302 ranges from 0.01 micrometers to 100 micrometers; the volume of the hard micro / nano particles 302 in the micro-modified polymer binder is 5% to 40% of the volume of the polymer matrix 301.

[0038] In this embodiment, the sensing groove 2 is designed as an irregular cross-section groove with a mechanical locking effect. The inverted structure of the irregular groove forms a physical constraint on the cured colloid filled in it, which greatly improves the ability of the adhesive layer-metal interface to resist normal peeling and tangential sliding, and realizes macroscopic geometric locking.

[0039] In this embodiment, the hard micro-nano particles 302 have the following effects: 1. After curing, they are embedded in the wall of the sensing groove 2 and the coating of the fiber optic sensing unit 4 to form micro-mechanical anchor points; 2. They improve the colloidal modulus, hardness and creep resistance; 3. They block the penetration path of water vapor and corrosive media and passivate crack propagation.

[0040] In this embodiment, the dispersed hard micro / nano particles 302 form a large number of "micro-tenons" at the interfaces between the adhesive layer and the metal, and between the adhesive layer and the optical fiber, transforming the chemical bonds into stronger mechanical interlocking and significantly suppressing interface failure; thus achieving microscopic mechanical anchoring. Simultaneously, the addition of hard micro / nano particles 302 effectively improves the aging resistance, fatigue resistance, and wear resistance of the adhesive layer itself, extending its service life from the material source and enhancing the performance of the polymer matrix.

[0041] In this embodiment, as shown in Table 1, the existing surface grooving (rectangular / semi-circular groove) bonding technology is compared with the irregular locking groove structure of this application in terms of core mechanism, force model, force model, anti-micro-motion capability and particle reinforcement synergy.

[0042] Table 1 Comparison of Existing Surface Grooves (Rectangular / Semi-circular Grooves) and the Irregular Locking Groove of this Application

[0043]

[0044] As shown in Table 1, the reliability bottleneck of existing surface grooving bonding technology stems from its reliance on a passive interfacial shear adhesion model. Under this model, the adhesion between the adhesive layer and the metal groove wall depends entirely on chemical bond forces and static friction. Under the combined effects of long-term complex stress, environmental aging, and fretting wear, this interface is highly susceptible to becoming a source of failure.

[0045] This application breaks away from the traditional approach of simply improving the properties of the adhesive itself, proposing an active mechanical-chemical composite locking mechanism. Its core design concept lies in designing and fabricating a sensing groove with a specific geometric cross-section, which, together with the particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer filled within it, forms a "confined composite wedge-shaped pressure-bearing body." The mechanical principle of this mechanism is that when the smart rib is subjected to force and attempts to cause the adhesive layer to slide along the groove, the inverted inclined structure of the groove (such as the sidewall of a dovetail groove or the tooth surface of a serrated groove) efficiently converts the shear stress (τ) on the adhesive layer into normal compressive stress (σ) on the adhesive itself and its internal particles. According to the mechanical relationship (σ ∝ τ / tanθ, where θ is the inclination angle of the groove wall), this "compression-resistance-shear" conversion significantly enhances the interface's resistance to slippage. Simultaneously, the hard micro- and nano-particles uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix are further driven to embed into the metal-fiber interface under this compressive stress field, acting as "microscopic piling" anchors. This results in a non-obvious synergistic enhancement effect between macroscopic geometric locking and microscopic mechanical anchoring. In short, this invention revolutionizes the load transfer path from the fragile "glue-metal two-dimensional interface" of the traditional rectangular groove to a "glue-particle-metal integrated three-dimensional pressure-bearing body" within an irregularly shaped groove, fundamentally transforming the mechanical constitutive model of the intelligent rib sensing interface.

[0046] As one implementation method of this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, a serrated groove smart rib resistant to high stress micro-motion is provided. The metal wire matrix 1 of the smart rib is made of prestressed steel wire with a diameter of 5mm. The sensing groove 2 with irregular cross-section is formed by precision cold rolling process into two symmetrical serrated cross-section grooves. The polymer matrix 301 is made of high toughness modified epoxy resin. 30% by volume of diamond particles (particle size 50-100 mesh) is added to the polymer matrix 301. After the fiber optic sensing unit 4 is deployed, the groove wall of the sensing groove 2 is treated with silane coupling agent before glue injection to further enhance the interface.

[0047] In this embodiment, the serrated grooves provide shear-resistant locking capability, and the high content of diamond grit increases the hardness (HV) of the adhesive layer to more than twice that of ordinary epoxy. In a simulated steel strand fretting wear test, after 2 million cycles, the fiber optic signal remained stable, while the control sample showed obvious jumps and slip noise.

[0048] As another embodiment of this invention, a multi-parameter sensing composite groove smart rib is provided. A relatively wide combined irregular groove is processed on the outer wall of the metal wire substrate 1, including a main groove and two lateral locking recesses. Two optical fibers are arranged side by side in the main groove of the sensing groove 2, which are respectively written into an FBG array and a bare optical fiber used as a distributed temperature sensing DTS. The polymer matrix 301 is made of an acrylic ester-based adhesive that is cured by ultraviolet light. Boron nitride and carbon nanotube mixed particles are incorporated into the polymer matrix 301 to achieve rapid curing and high thermal conductivity, ensuring the sensitivity and uniformity of temperature measurement.

[0049] In this embodiment, the smart rib enables synchronous and co-located measurement of strain and temperature on a single metal steel wire substrate 1, while the irregular groove and particle reinforcement ensure the long-term robustness of the multi-fiber integration.

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] This application also provides a smart steel cable, including the aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and a shaped groove as described in Example 1.

[0052] As one implementation method of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a smart rib (sample 3) suitable for bridges in marine environments is provided. The metal wire matrix 1 of the smart rib uses high-strength galvanized steel wire with a diameter of 7mm. The irregularly shaped sensing groove 2 is laser-engraved with a dovetail-shaped cross-section, 0.3mm wide and 0.25mm deep, with a bottom width of 0.35mm. The polymer matrix 301 uses a moisture- and heat-resistant epoxy resin, incorporating 20% ​​by volume of mixed particles (70% silicon carbide with a particle size of 1-5 micrometers and 30% hydrophobic silica with a particle size of 30-50 nanometers). The fiber optic sensing unit 4 is a polyimide-coated FBG optical fiber.

[0053] In this embodiment, the dovetail groove provides anti-peeling ability; nano-silica improves the density and water resistance of the adhesive layer, and silicon carbide significantly increases wear resistance; after ASTM B1173000 hours of accelerated salt spray aging test, its strain transfer coefficient decreases by less than 3%, while the rectangular groove using ordinary epoxy decreases by more than 25% compared to the comparison sample, thus improving the salt spray corrosion resistance of the smart rib.

[0054] Example 3:

[0055] like Figure 4 The method shown is for preparing an aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and a shaped groove, used to prepare the aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and a shaped groove as described in Example 1. The specific steps are as follows:

[0056] S1: A sensing groove 2 with an irregular cross-section is machined on the outer wall of the metal wire substrate 1;

[0057] In this embodiment, laser engraving, precision milling or cold rolling processes are used to process irregularly shaped sensing grooves 2 with a preset cross-sectional shape on the outer wall of the metal wire substrate 1 along the axial direction, and the grooves are cleaned and roughened.

[0058] S2: Disperse and mix polymer matrix 301 and hard micro / nano particles 302 to prepare micro-modified polymer binder;

[0059] In this embodiment, a uniform and stable micro-modified polymer binder is prepared by dispersing hard micro / nano particles 302 and polymer matrix 301 through high-speed shearing and ultrasonication.

[0060] S3: Place the fiber optic sensing unit 4 into the sensing groove 2 and inject a micro-modified polymer adhesive to completely fill the sensing groove 2.

[0061] In this embodiment, the micro-modified polymer binder must be filled and completely encapsulate the fiber optic sensing unit 4 during filling.

[0062] S4: Curing the micro-modified polymer binder to form a particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer 3.

[0063] In this embodiment, the curing process is carried out under the condition of applying axial tension to the metal wire substrate 1, so that the particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer 3 is formed to tightly bond the groove wall of the sensing groove 2 with the optical fiber of the optical fiber sensing unit 4.

[0064] S5: Perform surface treatment on the cured smart rib and calibrate the performance of the integrated fiber optic sensor 4.

[0065] S6: Experimental verification:

[0066] S6.1: Grip Performance Test: The test fiber diameter was set to 0.2mm. A square groove with a side length of 0.28mm was used as the control group (grip performance 1). The grip performance of the three irregular groove shapes was compared. Irregular groove 1 was a dovetail groove with a depth of 0.35mm, and irregular groove 2 was a teardrop-shaped groove with a depth of 0.45mm (e.g., Figure 2 As shown), Sample 3 has a serrated groove (similar to a wave pattern) with a groove depth of 0.25 mm.

[0067] Table 2 Comparison of Grip Performance Data

[0068]

[0069] Table 2 shows that different irregular groove designs (such as dovetail and serrated shapes) correspond to different improvements in gripping performance. The average gripping strength of the aging-resistant smart rib interface is increased by 1.5 to 2.5 times (1.5 times for sample 2 and 2.5 times for sample 3), and the average gripping strength of the aging-resistant smart rib interface is 22.5 MPa to 37.5 MPa. This indicates that the performance gain of this application does not come from a simple change in shape, but rather from a functional geometric design tailored to specific force directions (such as axial pull-out and circumferential torsion). The serrated groove, because it provides effective inclined surface constraints in multiple directions, achieves the highest overall locking performance, reflecting the purposefulness and precision of the design.

[0070] Sample 3 exhibited the best grip performance (ratio of 1.86 to 2.5). This result directly confirms the core mechanism of this application: the continuous, multi-directional inclined structure of the serrated groove can more effectively convert shear force into clamping force on the particle-reinforced adhesive layer in multiple dimensions such as axial and circumferential directions, thereby achieving all-round "mechanical locking". This significant difference and directional improvement in performance is strong evidence of the high level of inventiveness of the irregular groove design of this invention.

[0071] S6.2: Grip performance test: Effective comprehensive strain measurement range test of fiber optic sensing unit (4): Set the maximum preset stress of the traditional rectangular groove scheme (control group) under the condition of ensuring the safety factor as σ pre0 (corresponding to micro-strain ε) pre0 (≈3000µε), the usable range of the optical fiber itself is approximately ±3000µε, therefore its effective measurement range upper limit ε max0 It is approximately 6000µε.

[0072] Using samples 2 and 3 from step S6.1 of this application, the interfacial grip strength is increased to K times that of the control group (K = 1.5~2.5, see Table 2). According to the grip force balance formula and Hooke's law, under the same safety factor, the pre-set stress that can be applied is increased to Kσ. pre0 The preset micro-strain response is increased to Kε pre0 Therefore, the new upper limit of the effective measurement range is: ε max_new = Kε pre0 +3000µε. The results of the comprehensive strain measurement range comparison are shown in Table 3.

[0073] Table 3 Comparison of Comprehensive Strain Measurement Ranges

[0074]

[0075] As shown in Table 3, this application not only improves durability through the synergistic effect of the irregular groove and the particle-reinforced adhesive layer, but also addresses the technical problem that traditional grooved bonding technology, due to insufficient interface strength, has limited preset stress applied to extend the measurement range, resulting in an effective strain sensing range that is usually difficult to exceed 6000 microstrains. This application, due to the improved interface bonding strength (see Table 1, an increase of 1.5 to 2.5 times), allows for the application of higher preset stress. According to simulation calculations (see Table 3), the fiber optic strain measurement range is expanded more passively and effectively by 25% to 75% (as shown in Samples 2 and 3, the upper limit of the effective comprehensive strain measurement range of the fiber optic sensing unit (4) is 7500µε to 10500µε), enabling it to adapt to the strain monitoring needs under more demanding working conditions such as overload and impact. This effect cannot be achieved by traditional technology through simple optimization.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and irregularly shaped grooves, characterized in that, It includes a metal wire substrate (1), and at least one sensing groove (2) with an irregular cross section is processed on the outer wall of the metal wire substrate (1), and the sensing groove (2) is arranged along the axial direction of the metal wire substrate (1). The sensing groove (2) is embedded with an optical fiber sensing unit (4), and the sensing groove (2) is filled with a particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer (3). The particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer (3) is made of a micro-modified polymer adhesive. The micro-modified polymer adhesive includes a polymer matrix (301), in which hard micro- and nano-particles (302) for improving toughness and fatigue resistance are uniformly dispersed.

2. The aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and irregular grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the sensing groove (2) has a mechanical locking effect, and the cross-section of the sensing groove (2) is one of the following: polygonal, arc-shaped, dovetail-shaped, serrated, trapezoidal, wedge-shaped, circular, or mushroom-shaped.

3. The aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and irregular grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hard micro / nanoparticles (302) are one or more of the following: corundum, silicon carbide, boron nitride, alumina, silicon dioxide nanospheres, and carbon nanotubes.

4. The aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and irregular grooves according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The volume of the hard micro-nano particles (302) in the micro-modified polymer binder is 5% to 40% of the volume of the polymer matrix (301), and the particle size of the hard micro-nano particles (302) ranges from 0.01 micrometers to 100 micrometers.

5. The aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and irregular grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic sensing unit (4) is a fiber grating, a distributed sensing fiber, or a distributed sensing fiber array.

6. The aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and irregular grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer matrix (301) is epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, or acrylate resin.

7. The aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and irregular grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The average bonding strength of the aging-resistant smart rib interface is 22.5 MPa to 37.5 MPa, and the upper limit of the effective comprehensive strain measurement range of the fiber optic sensing unit (4) is 7500 µε to 10500 µε.

8. A smart steel cable, characterized in that, Including the aging-resistant smart rib based on particle-reinforced adhesive layer and irregular groove as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A method for preparing an aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and irregularly shaped grooves, characterized in that, The specific steps for preparing the aging-resistant smart rib based on the particle-reinforced adhesive layer and irregular groove as described in any one of claims 1-7 are as follows: S1: A sensing groove (2) with an irregular cross section is machined on the outer wall of the metal wire substrate (1); S2: A micro-modified polymer binder is prepared by dispersing and mixing a polymer matrix (301) and hard micro / nano particles (302); S3: Place the fiber optic sensing unit (4) in the sensing groove (2) and inject a micro-modified polymer adhesive to completely fill the sensing groove (2). S4: Curing the micro-modified polymer binder to form a particle-reinforced composite adhesive layer (3).

10. The method for preparing an aging-resistant smart rib based on a particle-reinforced adhesive layer and an irregularly shaped groove according to claim 9, characterized in that, The curing process in step S4 is carried out under the condition of applying axial tension to the metal wire matrix (1).

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