Waterproof meteorological parameter collector and meteorological measurement system

Abstract

The invention provides a waterproof meteorological parameter collector and a meteorological parameter measurement system. The water-proof weather collector not only can achieve the purpose of preventing water from immersing into all temperature, humidity and pressure weather sensors, but also can be breathable, moisture-permeable, pressure-permeable, light-proof and the like, thereby enabling the weather collector to work normally in the air and not to be soaked in water or damaged when falling into water. The waterproof meteorological parameter collector comprises a battery, a control circuit board, a data collection board, a waterproof ventilation cap and a watertight bottle, the data acquisition board is at least provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an air pressure sensor which are used for acquiring meteorological parameters; the data acquisition board is arranged in the waterproof breathable cap; the waterproof ventilation cap is in sealed butt joint with the watertight bottle; the control circuit board is arranged in the watertight bottle, and the control circuit board is connected with the data acquisition board through a cable and a connector; and the battery is arranged on the control circuit board and supplies power to circuit components in the control circuit board and the data acquisition board.

Description

Waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device and meteorological measurement system Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a meteorological parameter acquisition device and a meteorological measurement system, specifically to a waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device and a meteorological measurement system, belonging to the field of marine environmental detection technology. Background Technology

[0002] Evaporation waveguides typically occur at sea and are a surface waveguide phenomenon in the marine atmosphere caused by the evaporation of water vapor from the sea surface, resulting in a sharp decrease in humidity near the sea surface with altitude. Their core characteristic is abrupt changes in the vertical gradient of the atmospheric refractive index, affecting the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves at sea and consequently impacting the effectiveness of naval warfare. Therefore, it is essential to research instruments and equipment capable of measuring evaporation waveguides.

[0003] Shipborne evaporation waveguide monitors are essential instruments for modern ships to detect and measure evaporation waveguide parameters. They are primarily used to collect atmospheric environmental parameters at the ship's location and diagnose the occurrence of evaporation waveguides. Through meteorological and infrared sensors, they collect real-time information on near-sea surface temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, and sky temperature to diagnose the presence of evaporation waveguides and calculate evaporation waveguide height and atmospheric refractive index profile data at a height of 0-40m. They also store and transmit sea surface atmospheric environmental data and evaporation waveguide height and atmospheric refractive index profile data at a height of 0-40m.

[0004] To verify the accuracy of the waveguide height and atmospheric refractive index profile data measured by the evaporating waveguide detector, a test sample needs to be set up at the test site to obtain the true values ​​of the evaporating waveguide. The test sample system mainly includes a high-altitude moored helium boat, a meteorological data logger (i.e., a temperature, humidity, and pressure logger), a coordinator, a receiver, a sea surface temperature measuring instrument, and helium tanks. The test sample is typically positioned within 100 meters of the evaporating waveguide test vessel to measure temperature, humidity, and pressure data and sea surface temperature within the 0-50m altitude range. Then, using an approximate theoretical algorithm, the evaporating waveguide height and atmospheric refractive index profile data within the 0-50m altitude range are calculated.

[0005] Traditional meteorological measurement systems used for evaporative waveguide monitoring and testing assume that the helium balloon suspending the series of sensors is stable and will not fall into the water. Therefore, the prototype meteorological data loggers designed and manufactured for testing are not waterproof, meaning that the depth, pressure, and humidity sensors, their control circuits, and batteries are exposed to the air. In reality, helium balloons operating at sea are unstable. The helium inside the balloon will continuously leak, resulting in insufficient lift for the balloon, ultimately causing the entire meteorological measurement system to fall into the water, and the meteorological measurement electronic equipment to be damaged by seawater immersion.

[0006] When sea weather conditions are favorable, the helium-filled boat can hover normally and stably on the sea surface, and the temperature, humidity, and pressure (THP) data collectors also function normally. However, when the sea is rough with high winds and waves, weather conditions deteriorate, or the boat remains airborne for too long, the helium-filled boat may experience helium leakage and a decrease in lift, leading to instability of the measurement system and a rapid descent to the sea surface. This causes all the weather data collectors suspended on ropes below the boat to fall into the water, resulting in water damage to the circuits, batteries, and sensors of the weather data collectors. This not only causes equipment loss but also prevents the sea trials from proceeding normally.

[0007] While watertight enclosure of the entire weather data logger can effectively solve the problem of equipment damage from submersion in the sea, the temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors cannot exchange temperature, humidity, and pressure with the outside world, thus preventing the measurement of true values ​​for temperature, humidity, and pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a waterproof meteorological parameter collector that not only achieves the purpose of waterproofing all temperature, humidity and pressure meteorological sensors, but also allows for air, moisture, pressure and light penetration, so that the meteorological collector can work normally in the air and will not be submerged or damaged when it falls into water.

[0009] The technical solution of this invention is: a waterproof meteorological parameter collector, comprising: a battery, a control circuit board, a data acquisition board, a waterproof and breathable cap, and a watertight bottle; the data acquisition board is equipped with at least a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a barometric pressure sensor for collecting meteorological parameters; the data acquisition board is disposed inside the waterproof and breathable cap; the waterproof and breathable cap is sealed to the watertight bottle; the control circuit board is disposed inside the watertight bottle, and the control circuit board is connected to the data acquisition board via cables and connectors; the battery is disposed on the control circuit board and supplies power to the circuit components in the control circuit board and the data acquisition board.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the watertight bottle includes a watertight bottle body and a watertight bottle cap; the watertight bottle cap is threadedly connected and sealed to the watertight bottle body; the watertight bottle cap is provided with a central through hole, and the waterproof and breathable cap is threadedly connected and sealed to the watertight bottle cap through an adapter stud and a nut provided in the central hole of the watertight bottle cap.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waterproof and breathable cap is a spherical columnar watertight and breathable container made of a waterproof and breathable membrane.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waterproof and breathable membrane is made of a high molecular polymer with a microporous structure, and has the dual functions of waterproofing and breathability.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control circuit board is provided with a transmitting antenna for transmitting meteorological parameters collected by the sensors on the data acquisition board.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the collector is fixed inside a protective cover with louvers by means of a mounting base plate.

[0015] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned waterproof meteorological parameter collector, this invention also provides a meteorological measurement system for the experimental calibration of a shipborne evaporation waveguide monitoring instrument. The meteorological measurement system includes a helium-filled boat and several meteorological parameter collectors. The meteorological parameter collectors are the aforementioned waterproof meteorological parameter collectors. The helium-filled boat is connected to a buoy floating on the sea surface via a rope. The buoy is connected to the test vessel via a mooring rope. Several of the waterproof meteorological parameter collectors are suspended on the rope and arranged at intervals along the height direction on the rope to collect meteorological parameters at different altitudes. Each waterproof meteorological parameter collector is equipped with a transmitting antenna, and a signal transponder is installed on the rope. The meteorological parameters collected by the waterproof meteorological parameter collector are transmitted to the signal transponder via the transmitting antenna, then forwarded by the signal transponder to the signal receiver on the test vessel, and further sent to a signal processing computer via a serial port for calculating the local atmospheric waveguide refractive index.

[0016] Beneficial effects: (1) The waterproof meteorological parameter collector of the present invention has the meteorological collection sensor set inside the waterproof and breathable cap, and the battery and control circuit board set inside the watertight bottle. This not only achieves the purpose of waterproofing all temperature, humidity and pressure meteorological sensors, but also allows for air, moisture, pressure and light penetration, so that the meteorological collector can work normally in the air and will not be soaked or damaged when it falls into the water.

[0017] (2) The waterproof and breathable membrane in this invention is made of a high molecular polymer with a microporous structure, which can achieve the dual functions of waterproof and breathable. The microporous structure allows water vapor molecules and airflow to pass through, but blocks liquid water from entering (due to surface tension). This effectively solves the problem of waterproofing and real-time meteorological data acquisition by temperature, humidity and air pressure sensors.

[0018] (3) In this invention, the control circuit board is equipped with a transmitting antenna, which can transmit the meteorological parameters collected by the sensors on the data acquisition board and the signal transponder set on the rope, thereby sending the collected data to the test ship for subsequent calculation.

[0019] (4) The meteorological measurement system provided by the present invention can be used for the test calibration of the shipborne evaporation waveguide monitoring instrument; and during the test, even if the helium boat rapidly descends to the sea surface due to the instability of the measurement system, the circuit, battery and sensor of the meteorological collector will not be damaged by water. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the waterproof meteorological parameter collector of the present invention.

[0021] The components are: 1-battery, 2-control circuit board, 3-data acquisition board, 4-waterproof and breathable cap, 5-nut, 6-protective cover, 7-adapter stud, 8-watertight bottle cap, 9-watertight bottle body, 10-mounting base plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the invention.

[0023] Example 1: This example provides a waterproof meteorological parameter collector that not only allows all temperature, humidity, and pressure meteorological sensors to be waterproofed, but also allows for air, moisture, and pressure permeability as well as light protection, so that the meteorological collector can work normally in the air and will not be submerged or damaged when it falls into water.

[0024] As shown in Figure 1, the waterproof meteorological parameter collector includes: a battery 1, a control circuit board 2 (including a transmitting wire, which is not shown in the figure), a data acquisition board 3, a waterproof and breathable cap 4, a nut 5, an adapter stud 7, a watertight bottle body 9, and a watertight bottle cap 8. The data acquisition board 3 is equipped with temperature, humidity, and air pressure sensors.

[0025] The watertight bottle body 9 is made of medical-grade PS / PP / PET plastics, which is resistant to high temperature and high pressure and does not deform. It is integrally injection molded with the watertight bottle cap 8 (here, "integrated injection molding" means that the threads of the watertight bottle cap 8 and the watertight bottle body 9 can be tightened to seal). The watertight bottle cap 8 is provided with a central through hole. The waterproof and breathable cap 4 is connected and sealed to the watertight bottle cap 8 by the adapter stud 7 and nut 5 set in the central hole of the watertight bottle cap 8. The watertight bottle cap 8 and the watertight bottle body 9 are connected and sealed by threads to ensure that external seawater cannot seep into the watertight bottle body 9.

[0026] The data acquisition board 3 is housed inside the waterproof and breathable cap 4, which prevents external seawater from entering and allows for ventilation, pressure permeability, and moisture permeability. In this example, the waterproof and breathable cap 4 is a spherical, columnar, watertight, and breathable container made of a waterproof and breathable membrane.

[0027] As an example: three sensors, namely air pressure, humidity and temperature, are integrated and welded onto a data acquisition board 3 that is 8mm wide and 30mm long. The data acquisition board 3 is fixed inside a ball-headed columnar waterproof and breathable cap 4. The waterproof and breathable cap 4, the watertight bottle body 9 and the watertight bottle cap 8 are connected by threads to form a whole, which has the functions of preventing external seawater from entering, while allowing air, pressure and moisture to pass through.

[0028] As an example, waterproof and breathable membranes are made of polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), or polyurethane (PU). These materials achieve both waterproof and breathable functions through microporous structures or molecular chain designs. For instance, polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) is stretched to form a microporous structure (pore size 0.1–10 micrometers), exhibiting strong waterproofing, high breathability, and excellent weather resistance. The microporous structure allows water vapor molecules and airflow to pass through, but blocks liquid water from entering (due to surface tension). This effectively solves the problem of waterproofing and real-time meteorological data acquisition from temperature, humidity, and air pressure sensors.

[0029] The control circuit board 2 is located inside the watertight bottle 9. The control circuit board 2 is connected to the data acquisition board 3 via cables and connectors. The battery 1 is fixed to the control circuit board 2 via a battery box, providing power to the circuit components in both the control circuit board 2 and the data acquisition board 3. The temperature, humidity, and air pressure sensors in the data acquisition board 3 transmit the collected temperature, humidity, and air pressure information (collectively referred to as meteorological parameters) to the control circuit board 2. After processing, the control circuit board 2 transmits the measured meteorological parameters through a printed transmitting antenna on the board, and further relays them to the receiver and computer on the test vessel for subsequent processing via a transponder (not shown).

[0030] In this data logger, the data acquisition board 3 is connected to the control circuit board 2 inside the watertight bottle 9 via connectors and cables. All meteorological parameter measurement data are transmitted to the control circuit board 2 via these cables. One side of the control circuit board 2 houses the battery 1, while the other side contains control and transmission circuitry (including an integrated control chip, wireless antenna, power amplifier circuit, etc.), a manual power switch, and a cable socket. In this example, the battery 1 is a single AA battery, located in the battery compartment, and continuously supplies power to the control circuit board 2 and the data acquisition board 3 via the manual power switch.

[0031] In this data acquisition device, the control circuit board 2 (including the transmitting antenna), battery 1, connecting cables, etc. are sealed together in a watertight container consisting of a watertight cap 8 and a watertight bottle body 9. The data acquisition board 3 is placed inside a waterproof and breathable cap 4 made of a waterproof and breathable membrane to ensure that seawater cannot enter after it falls into the water. The three sensors for meteorological measurement, namely the barometric pressure sensor, humidity sensor, and temperature sensor, are breathable, moisture-permeable, and pressure-transmitting.

[0032] As an example, the waterproof meteorological parameter collector is placed inside a protective cover 6 equipped with louvers, which provides both sun protection and ventilation. The waterproof meteorological parameter collector is secured to the protective cover 6 via a mounting base 10.

[0033] Example 2: Based on the waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device provided in Example 1 above, this example provides a meteorological measurement system. This meteorological measurement system is a test calibration device for verifying and calibrating whether the shipborne evaporation waveguide monitoring instrument has detected the evaporation waveguide and whether the true value of the detected evaporation waveguide height is correct.

[0034] The meteorological measurement system includes several waterproof meteorological parameter collectors provided in Embodiment 1. These collectors are suspended by a helium-filled boat from a rope extending from the boat to the sea surface. They are spaced apart along the rope in the vertical direction to collect meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity, and pressure at different altitudes and transmit them wirelessly to a computer. The computer calculates the true value of the evaporation waveguide and then compares it with the measurement results of the evaporation waveguide monitor to verify the accuracy of the monitor's measurement results.

[0035] Specifically: During sea trials, typically 10 waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition devices are used. First, unscrew the watertight cap 8 of the watertight bottle 9 inside the waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device, remove the control circuit board 2, and turn on the power switch on the control circuit board 2 to power on the system; at this time, the red power indicator light on the control circuit board 2 will illuminate; then, tighten the watertight bottle 9, watertight cap 10, adapter stud 5, and nut 7 firmly. Then, take out a louver 6, install the waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device with the cap tightened into the louver 6, and use two M3 screws to secure the waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device to the louver 6 via the mounting base 10.

[0036] Then, unfold the folded rubber boat, connect its inflation port to the inflation nozzle of the decompression inflation device connected to the helium tank, inflate the boat, and after the boat is full of helium, tighten the inflation port to prevent helium from leaking out.

[0037] The helium gas inside the helium boat is lighter than air, thus generating upward lift. One end of a rope is secured to a mooring point below the helium boat, allowing it to rise. A waterproof meteorological parameter collector is then attached to this rope every 5 meters. A signal transponder is suspended near the midpoint between the 5th and 6th waterproof meteorological parameter collectors. The last (lowest) waterproof meteorological parameter collector is approximately 5 meters above the sea surface. The other end of the rope is then attached to a glass buoy that provides both weight and buoyancy. Another mooring rope is then secured to the glass buoy, which is then lowered into the water. The buoy drifts with the waves, gradually moving away from the test vessel. The other end of the mooring rope is secured to the vessel, bringing the entire system (including the helium boat, several waterproof meteorological parameter collectors, the signal transponder, and the glass buoy) approximately 50 to 100 meters away from the vessel. Ten waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition devices moored under the motorboat measured air pressure, temperature, and humidity values ​​at different altitudes and sent them to nearby signal repeaters. The repeaters then forwarded the data to the signal receiver on the test ship and sent it to the signal processing computer via the signal serial port for signal processing. The computer then used a mathematical model to calculate the local atmospheric waveguide refractive index at that time.

[0038] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device, characterized in that: include: The system comprises a battery (1), a control circuit board (2), a data acquisition board (3), a waterproof and breathable cap (4), and a watertight bottle; the data acquisition board (3) is equipped with at least a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor for collecting meteorological parameters; the data acquisition board (3) is located inside the waterproof and breathable cap (4); the waterproof and breathable cap (4) is sealed to the watertight bottle; the control circuit board (2) is located inside the watertight bottle and is connected to the data acquisition board (3) via cables and connectors; the battery (1) is located on the control circuit board (2) and supplies power to the circuit components in the control circuit board (2) and the data acquisition board (3).

2. The waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The watertight bottle includes a watertight bottle body (9) and a watertight bottle cap (8); the watertight bottle cap (8) is threadedly connected and sealed to the watertight bottle body (9); the watertight bottle cap (8) is provided with a central through hole, and the waterproof and breathable cap (4) is threadedly connected and sealed to the watertight bottle cap (8) through an adapter stud (6) and a nut (5) provided in the central hole of the watertight bottle cap (8).

3. The waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The waterproof and breathable cap (4) is a ball-headed columnar watertight and breathable container made of a waterproof and breathable membrane.

4. The waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The waterproof and breathable membrane is made of a high-molecular polymer with a microporous structure, and has the dual functions of waterproofing and breathability.

5. The waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The control circuit board (2) is equipped with a transmitting antenna for transmitting meteorological parameters collected by the sensors on the data acquisition board (3).

6. The waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The collector is fixed inside a protective cover with louvers (6) by a mounting base plate (10).

7. A meteorological measurement system, characterized in that: For the experimental calibration of a shipborne evaporation waveguide monitoring instrument; the meteorological measurement system includes: a helium boat and several meteorological parameter acquisition devices; the meteorological parameter acquisition devices are waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition devices as described in any one of claims 1-6; the helium boat is connected to a buoy floating on the sea surface by a rope; the buoy is connected to the test ship by a mooring rope; several waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition devices are suspended on the rope and arranged at intervals along the height direction on the rope for collecting meteorological parameters at different heights; the waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device is equipped with a transmitting antenna, and a signal transponder is installed on the rope; the meteorological parameters collected by the waterproof meteorological parameter acquisition device are transmitted to the signal transponder through the transmitting antenna, and then forwarded to the signal receiver of the test ship through the signal transponder, and further sent to the signal processing computer through the signal serial port for the calculation of the local atmospheric waveguide refractive index at that time.

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