A pluggable single-stage cold head for a high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults

Abstract

This invention provides a pluggable single-stage cold head for a high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults. The single-stage cold head includes a cold head body extending gradually from the outside of the Dewar container toward the heat shield container and a heat transfer component. One end of the heat transfer component is always fixed and thermally connected to the end of the cold head body near the heat shield container, and the other end is always fixed and thermally connected to the outer wall of the heat shield container. The heat transfer component is configured as a stretchable heat-conducting structure so that the cold head body can conduct cooling to the heat shield container through the heat transfer component. The two ends of the heat transfer component can move relative to each other within a predetermined distance along the axial direction of the heat transfer component. When the part where the cold head body and the heat shield container are connected deformed in the cooling state, the deformation generated by the expansion and contraction of the heat transfer component is used to compensate for the deformation of the part where the cold head body and the heat shield container are connected, thereby avoiding stress concentration that could cause the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet to lose quench.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature superconducting linear motor technology, and in particular to a pluggable single-stage cold head for a high-temperature superconducting linear motor used in electromagnetic catapults. Background Technology

[0002] Electromagnetic catapult technology is a linear propulsion catapult technology that uses electromagnetic force as the driving force. The high-temperature superconducting linear motor is the core actuator of the electromagnetic catapult system. Utilizing the zero-resistance characteristics and high current-carrying capacity of high-temperature superconducting materials, the performance of the linear motor can be significantly improved. The high-temperature superconducting magnet is the core magnetic circuit component of the high-temperature superconducting linear motor. It must maintain its superconducting operating state under specific low-temperature conditions. A cold head can efficiently dissipate the heat from the high-temperature superconducting magnet.

[0003] In the existing technology, the cold head of the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults is rigidly connected to the magnet. Under the variable temperature conditions of refrigeration cycle and repeated start and stop of electromagnetic catapult, the cold head or the shell in contact with the cold head will undergo significant deformation due to drastic temperature fluctuations. This can easily cause stress concentration, structural deformation or even loosening of the connection between the cold head and the superconducting magnet. In severe cases, it can cause the high-temperature superconducting magnet to lose its supercharger. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problem in the existing assembly structure where the cold head or the shell in contact with the cold head is rigidly connected to the magnet. Due to drastic temperature fluctuations, the cold head or the shell in contact with the cold head will undergo significant deformation, which can easily cause stress concentration, structural deformation, or even loosening of the connection between the cold head and the superconducting magnet. In severe cases, this can cause the high-temperature superconducting magnet to lose its supercharger.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a pluggable single-stage cold head for a high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults. The high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet includes a Dewar container, a heat shield container disposed inside the Dewar container, and a magnet coil disposed inside the heat shield container. The single-stage cold head includes: a cold head body that extends gradually from the outside of the Dewar container toward the heat shield container; and a heat transfer component, one end of which is always fixed and thermally connected to the end of the cold head body near the heat shield container, and the other end of which is always fixed and thermally connected to the outer wall of the heat shield container. The heat transfer component is configured as a retractable heat-conducting structure so that the cold head body can conduct cooling to the heat shield container through the heat transfer component, and the other end of the heat transfer component can move relative to the first end within a predetermined distance along the axial direction of the heat transfer component.

[0006] Using the above technical solution, the heat transfer component is the intermediate component for heat transfer between the heat shield container and the cold head body. The cold head body can transfer the cooling capacity of the external refrigerator to the heat transfer component through contact cooling, and then to the heat shield container, thereby maintaining a low-temperature operating environment inside the heat shield container. During the cooling process, due to the large temperature difference, the connection between the cold head body and the heat shield container will undergo significant deformation due to the drastic temperature fluctuations. The deformation generated by the expansion and contraction of the heat transfer component is used to compensate for the deformation of the connection between the cold head body and the heat shield container. That is, the rigid connection between the cold head body and the heat shield container is optimized into a scalable connection, thereby avoiding stress concentration and preventing the deformation of the connection structure between the cold head body and the heat shield container from causing the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet to lose superconductivity (exit the superconducting state and the magnetic field disappears).

[0007] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the hot-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet pluggable single-stage cold head for electromagnetic catapults disclosed in the present invention includes a heat transfer assembly comprising a first heat transfer component and a second heat transfer component arranged axially at intervals. The first heat transfer component is detachably fixedly connected to the end of the cold head body near the heat shield container, and the second heat transfer component is detachably fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the heat shield container. The end of the first heat transfer component away from the second heat transfer component constitutes one end of the heat transfer assembly, and the end of the second heat transfer component away from the first heat transfer component constitutes the other end of the heat transfer assembly. A telescopic structure is provided between the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component, and the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component can move relative to each other within a predetermined distance along the axial direction through the telescopic structure.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the first heat transfer component and the cold head body are detachably fixedly connected to facilitate the separation of the first heat transfer component from the cold head, and the second heat transfer component and the heat shield container are detachably fixedly connected to facilitate the separation of the second heat transfer component from the heat shield container, thereby improving the convenience of disassembly and assembly and facilitating the maintenance or replacement of parts.

[0009] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the hot-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet pluggable single-stage cold head for electromagnetic catapult disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes a telescopic structure comprising mounting holes respectively opened on the opposing surfaces of the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component, and further comprising a guide post extending axially and having both ends respectively inserted into the corresponding mounting holes, wherein at least one end of the guide post is spaced apart from the bottom surface of the corresponding mounting hole.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the structure in which the guide post and the bottom surface of the mounting hole are spaced apart can not only achieve structural deformation compensation, but also ensure that the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component always maintain a thermally conductive connection. It can also restrict the relative movement direction between the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component, so that the two can only move relative to each other along the axial direction, preventing skew and lateral shaking.

[0011] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet pluggable single-stage cold head for electromagnetic catapult disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a spring sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide post, the spring extending axially.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the spring can deform to absorb energy, avoid rigid collision between the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component, reduce deformation impact, and protect each component.

[0013] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the hot-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet pluggable single-stage cold head for electromagnetic catapults disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention further includes a plurality of flexible connecting members disposed between the two ends of the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component that are close to each other. The plurality of flexible connecting members are evenly spaced around the circumference of the cold head body. Each flexible connecting member is configured as a heat-conducting structure, and the two ends of each flexible connecting member are detachably fixed and thermally connected to the outer sidewalls of the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component respectively by fasteners.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple flexible connecting components evenly spaced around the circumference of the cold head body can improve the heat conduction efficiency between the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component. The purpose of the detachable fixed connection is to facilitate the removal and installation of the flexible connecting components from the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component, and to facilitate the replacement or maintenance of parts.

[0015] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet pluggable single-stage cold head for electromagnetic catapult disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a support assembly, which extends gradually from the outside of the Dewar container toward the direction close to the heat shield container, and the middle part of the cold head body is fixed to the Dewar container by the support assembly.

[0016] Using the above technical solution, the support component can fix the cold head body on the Dewar container.

[0017] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet pluggable single-stage cold head for electromagnetic catapults disclosed in the present invention has a flange formed in the middle of the cold head body; the support assembly includes a sleeve, which extends axially from the outside of the Dewar container toward the direction close to the heat shield container, a flange ring is provided on one end face of the sleeve, the flange ring is fixedly connected to the flange, and the other end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the Dewar container; the cold head body passes through the flange ring and the sleeve in sequence.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the structure of the flange ring and the flange adapter fixed connection can improve the structural stability between the cold head body and the Dewar container.

[0019] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet pluggable single-stage cold head for electromagnetic catapult disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a sealing assembly, which is disposed in a sleeve and sleeved on the outer wall of the cold head body; one end of the sealing assembly along the axial direction is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the flange ring, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the heat shield container; the other end of the sealing assembly and the first end can move relative to each other along the axial direction within a predetermined distance.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing component can seal the cold head body and the heat shield container, thus providing a sealed environment for heat conduction, avoiding heat loss and improving heat conduction efficiency.

[0021] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the hot-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet pluggable single-stage cold head for electromagnetic catapult disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes a sealing assembly comprising a bellows and a neck tube connected sequentially along the axial direction. The end of the bellows away from the neck tube is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the flange ring, and the end of the neck tube away from the bellows is fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the heat shield container.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the bellows can achieve sealing and also deform with the deformation of the heat transfer component by utilizing its own extensible and deformable characteristics, thus avoiding interference with the deformation compensation of the heat transfer component due to the rigid connection between the sealing component and the heat shield container.

[0023] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet pluggable single-stage cold head for electromagnetic catapults disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention further includes a mounting base, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the heat shield container; one end of the heat transfer component near the heat shield container is fixed and thermally connected to the side surface of the mounting base away from the heat shield container; and one end of the neck tube away from the bellows is sealed to the side surface of the mounting base away from the heat shield container.

[0024] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] The present invention provides a pluggable single-stage cold head for a high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults. The single-stage cold head includes a cold head body extending gradually from the outside of the Dewar container toward the heat shield container and a heat transfer component. The heat transfer component connects the cold head body and the heat shield container. The cold head body can transfer the cooling energy of the external refrigerator to the heat transfer component through contact cooling, and then to the heat shield container, thereby maintaining a low-temperature operating environment inside the heat shield container. When the part where the cold head body and the heat shield container are connected deforms, the deformation generated by the expansion and contraction of the heat transfer component compensates for the deformation of the part where the cold head body and the heat shield container are connected. That is, the rigid connection between the cold head body and the heat shield container is optimized into a stretchable connection, thereby avoiding stress concentration and preventing deformation of the connection structure between the cold head body and the heat shield container, which would cause the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet to lose superconductivity (exit the superconducting state and the magnetic field disappears). Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet and a single-stage cold head provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a single-stage cold head provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of a single-stage cold head provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of a single-stage cold head provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention (including a support assembly, a sealing assembly, and a mounting base, wherein the support assembly and the mounting base shown are in cross-sectional view).

[0030] Figure 5 This is a radial cross-sectional view of a single-stage cold head provided for a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 1. High-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet;

[0033] 10. Dewar container;

[0034] 11. Heat-shielded container;

[0035] 12. Magnet coil

[0036] 2. Single-stage cooling head;

[0037] 20. Cold head body; 200. Flange;

[0038] 21. Heat transfer assembly; 210. First heat transfer component; 211. Second heat transfer component; 212. Telescopic structure; 2120. Guide post; 2121. Spring; 2122. Flexible connecting component;

[0039] 22. Support assembly; 220. Sleeve; 221. Flange ring;

[0040] 23. Sealing assembly; 230. Bellows; 231. Neck tube;

[0041] 24. Mounting bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] As a key cooling component of the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet, the cold head's structural stability, heat loss control, and ease of disassembly and maintenance are crucial factors affecting the magnet's operating performance. In particular, the rigid connection between the cold head and the magnet can undergo significant deformation due to drastic temperature fluctuations, easily leading to stress concentration, structural deformation, or even loosening of the connection between the cold head and the superconducting magnet. In severe cases, this can cause the high-temperature superconducting magnet to lose its quench. Therefore, this invention provides a pluggable single-stage cold head for a high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults. The single-stage cold head includes a cold head body and a heat transfer... The heat transfer component is used to connect the cold head body and the heat shield container. The heat transfer component is configured as a stretchable heat-conducting structure so that the cold head body can conduct heat to the heat shield container through the heat transfer component. The two ends of the heat transfer component can move relative to each other within a predetermined distance along the axis of the heat transfer component. When the part where the cold head body and the heat shield container are connected deformed in the cooling state, the deformation generated by the expansion and contraction of the heat transfer component is used to compensate for the deformation of the part where the cold head body and the heat shield container are connected, so as to avoid stress concentration and thus prevent the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet from quenching.

[0044] The following is a detailed description of the structure of the pluggable single-stage cold head of the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults.

[0045] like Figure 1As shown, the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet 1 includes a Dewar container 10, a heat shield container 11 disposed inside the Dewar container 10, and a magnet coil 12 disposed inside the heat shield container 11. The Dewar container 10 is located on the outermost layer of the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet 1, and is used to house the magnet coil 12, the heat shield container 11, and other accessories (such as cooling components, leads, etc.), and to isolate the magnet coil 12, the heat shield container 11, etc., inside from the external environment, thereby isolating them from dust and moisture and protecting the internal structure. The heat shield container 11 is located between the Dewar container 10 and the magnet coil 12. It is cooled by contact between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11, creating a low-temperature environment inside the heat shield container 11. Liquid nitrogen can also be introduced into the heat shield container 11 to absorb heat and lower the temperature. The magnet coil 12 can generate a uniform and stable magnetic field and is the core component of the high-temperature superconducting linear motor that generates powerful driving force.

[0046] The single-stage cold head 2 cools the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet 1 using contact heat conduction. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the single-stage cold head 2 includes a cold head body 20, which is generally cylindrical in shape. One end of the cold head body 20 is located outside the Dewar container 10 and connected to a refrigerator (not shown in the figure) located outside the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet 1. The Dewar container 10 has an opening through which the cold head body 20 passes. The other end of the cold head body 20 extends from the outside of the Dewar container 10 into the interior of the Dewar container 10 and gradually extends toward the direction of the heat shield container 11.

[0047] The single-stage cold head 2 also includes a heat transfer component 21, which is disposed between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11, and connects the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11. The heat transfer component 21 is a structural connector between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11, meaning that the heat transfer component 21 always connects the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11 in both the working and shutdown states of the single-stage cold head 2. The heat transfer component 21 also serves as the intermediate heat-conducting structure for heat transfer between the two. The end of the heat transfer component 21 near the cold head body 20 is always fixed and thermally connected to the end of the cold head body 20 near the heat shield container 11, and the other end near the heat shield container 11 is always fixed and thermally connected to the outer wall of the heat shield container 11. Furthermore, the two ends of the heat transfer component 21 are always connected and can conduct heat to each other. The cold head body 20 can transfer the cooling energy from the external refrigerator to the heat transfer component 21 through contact cooling, and then to the heat shield container 11, thereby maintaining a low-temperature operating environment inside the heat shield container 11. The heat transfer component 21 can be made of a metal thermally conductive material, silicone thermally conductive material, or other materials with good thermal conductivity.

[0048] The heat transfer component 21 is configured as a telescopic structure 212, and the two ends of the heat transfer component 21 are collapsible along the axial direction of the heat transfer component 21. Figures 2-4 The relative movement between the two ends of the heat transfer component 21 within a predetermined distance (in the Y direction, parallel to the axial direction of the cold head body 20) changes the rigid connection structure between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11 in the prior art to a telescopic connection. The telescopic connection structure can compensate for the deformation of the connection part between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11, and avoid stress concentration that causes structural deformation of the connection part. Specifically, during the cooling process, due to the large temperature difference between the heat shield container 11 and the cold head body 20, significant deformation occurs at the connection between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11 due to drastic temperature fluctuations. For example, the connection between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11 may contract or be stretched along the axial direction of the cold head body 20. When the connection between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11 deforms, the deformation generated by the expansion and contraction of the heat transfer component 21 is used to compensate for the deformation of the connection between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11. That is, the expandable connection structure is used to adapt to the deformation of the connection between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11, avoid stress concentration, and prevent the connection structure between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11 from deforming or breaking, which would cause the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet 1 to lose superconductivity (exit the superconducting state and the magnetic field disappears).

[0049] It should be noted that the expansion and contraction deformation of the heat transfer component 21 occurs in the cooling state. The expansion and contraction deformation between the two ends of the heat transfer component 21 can be achieved through a structure in which a spring rod, telescopic sleeve, flexible heat-conducting plate or guide rod with thermal conductivity is fitted with the corresponding mounting hole. As long as the connection structure between the two ends of the heat transfer component 21 can conduct heat and can expand and contract along the axial direction of the heat transfer component 21, it is acceptable.

[0050] The predetermined distance that the two ends of the heat transfer component 21 can move relative to each other is the expansion and contraction deformation that the heat transfer component 21 can achieve. The value of the predetermined distance is determined based on the deformation of the part where the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11 are connected.

[0051] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3As shown, the heat transfer assembly 21 includes a first heat transfer component 210 and a second heat transfer component 211 arranged at intervals along its axial direction. The first heat transfer component 210 is detachably fixed to one end of the cold head body 20 near the heat shield container 11, and the second heat transfer component 211 is detachably fixed to the outer wall surface of the heat shield container 11. That is, the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211 are located at opposite ends of the axial direction of the heat transfer assembly 21. The end of the first heat transfer component 210 away from the second heat transfer component 211 constitutes one end of the heat transfer assembly 21 and the cold head body 20 in a thermally conductive connection, and the end of the second heat transfer component 211 away from the first heat transfer component 210 constitutes the other end of the heat transfer assembly 21 and the heat shield container 11 in a thermally conductive connection. The first heat transfer component 210 can be a heat transfer block or a heat transfer plate. The side of the heat transfer block or heat transfer plate closest to the cold head body 20 can be connected to the cold head body 20 by bolts or cylindrical pins. The block or plate structure allows for a large contact area with the cold head body 20, improving heat conduction efficiency. The second heat transfer component 211 can also be a heat transfer block or a heat transfer plate. The side of the heat transfer block or heat transfer plate closest to the heat shield container 11 can be connected to the heat shield container 11 by bolts or cylindrical pins. The block or plate structure also allows for a large contact area with the heat shield container 11, improving heat conduction efficiency. It should be noted that the first heat transfer component 210 and the cold head body 20 are detachably fixedly connected, facilitating the separation of the first heat transfer component 211 from the cold head body 20. Similarly, the second heat transfer component 211 and the heat shield container 11 are detachably fixedly connected, improving ease of assembly and disassembly, and facilitating maintenance or replacement of parts.

[0052] Furthermore, a telescopic structure 212 is provided between the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211. The first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211 can move relative to each other within a predetermined distance along the axial direction of the heat transfer assembly 21 through the telescopic structure 212. That is, when the connection between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11 is deformed, the first heat transfer component 210 or the second heat transfer component 211 will be subjected to a force that causes it to deform. This deformation force can be transmitted to the telescopic structure 212 between the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211. The telescopic structure 212 absorbs the deformation force through its own telescopic deformation. The deformation of the telescopic structure 212 compensates for the deformation of the connection between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11, avoids stress concentration, and prevents the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet 1 from losing its quench due to deformation of the connection structure between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11.

[0053] It should be noted that the telescopic structure 212 can be a structure with thermally conductive spring rod, telescopic sleeve, flexible heat-conducting sheet or guide rod and clearance fit with the corresponding mounting hole, as long as it can ensure that the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211 can be connected, can conduct heat and can telescopic along the axial direction of the heat transfer component 21.

[0054] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the telescopic structure 212 connecting the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211 includes mounting holes respectively opened on the opposing surfaces of the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211. The mounting holes are used to install guide posts 2120. The guide posts 2120 extend along the axial direction of the heat transfer component 21 and their two ends extend into the corresponding mounting holes respectively. At least one end of the guide post 2120 is spaced apart from the bottom surface of the corresponding mounting hole, that is, a margin needs to be left between the mounting hole and the guide post 2120 to provide space for relative movement of the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211. Specifically, a gap can be left between one end of the guide post 2120 and the corresponding mounting hole, or gaps can be left between both ends of the guide post 2120 and the corresponding mounting holes. The sum of the distances from the two ends of the guide post 2120 to the bottom surface of the mounting hole is the predetermined distance. It should be noted that when the guide post 2120 is spaced apart from the bottom surface of the mounting hole, it is necessary to ensure that the guide post 2120 does not detach from the mounting hole. A baffle or other structure can be set at the opening of the mounting hole to restrict the guide post 2120 from detaching from the mounting hole. The structure of spaced-apart guide post 2120 from the bottom surface of the mounting hole can achieve structural deformation compensation, ensure that the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211 always maintain a thermally conductive connection, and restrict the relative movement direction between the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211, so that the two can only move relative to each other along the axial direction of the heat transfer assembly 21, preventing them from tilting or lateral shaking. The structure of the guide post 2120 and the mounting hole with a clearance fit can realize the heat transfer between the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211, thereby realizing the heat transfer between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11, while preventing structural deformation. On the other hand, the connection between the guide post 2120 and the mounting hole is a pluggable design, which is convenient for disassembly or installation. In particular, the step-by-step installation of the first heat transfer component 210, the second heat transfer component 211 and the guide post 2120 can ensure the precise alignment between each component.

[0055] It should be noted that the guide post 2120 can be set one or more, such as two, five, ten or more. The guide post 2120 can be made of metal thermal conductive material, silicone thermal conductive material or other materials with good thermal conductivity, as long as it can achieve thermal conductive connection between the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211.

[0056] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the telescopic structure 212 also includes a spring 2121 sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide post 2120. The spring 2121 extends along the axial direction of the heat transfer assembly 21. The spring 2121 can be compressed or stretched as the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211 move relative to each other, thereby deforming and absorbing energy, avoiding rigid collisions between the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211, reducing deformation impact, and protecting each component.

[0057] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the telescopic structure 212 also includes a plurality of flexible connecting members 2122 disposed between the two ends of the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211 that are close to each other. The flexible connecting members 2122 can undergo bending deformation when the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211 move relative to each other, that is, they can be compressed and bent or stretched. Each flexible connecting member 2122 is configured as a heat-conducting structure. The multiple flexible connecting members 2122 are evenly spaced around the circumference of the cold head body 20, which can improve the heat conduction efficiency between the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211. The two ends of each flexible connecting member 2122 are detachably fixed to the outer sidewalls of the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211 by fasteners (e.g., bolts) and are thermally connected, so as to facilitate the removal and installation of the flexible connecting members 2122 from the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211, and facilitate the replacement or maintenance of parts.

[0058] It should be noted that multiple flexible connecting components 2122 can be arranged in two, four, eight or more along the circumference of the cold head body 20. The purpose of setting multiple components is to increase the heat conduction area between the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211, thereby improving the heat conduction efficiency. The flexible connecting components 2122 can be made of metal thermally conductive material, silicone thermally conductive material, or other materials with good thermal conductivity.

[0059] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the single-stage cold head 2 also includes a support component 22. The support component 22 extends gradually from the outside of the Dewar container 10 toward the direction close to the heat shield container 11. One end of the support component 22 near the heat shield container 11 can be fixed at the opening of the Dewar container 10. The other end of the support component 22 located outside the Dewar container 10 can be fixedly connected to the middle of the cold head body 20, thereby fixing and supporting the cold head body 20 on the Dewar container 10. The support component 22 and the middle of the cold head body 20 can be fixedly connected by screws or snaps.

[0060] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a flange 200 is formed in the middle of the cold head body 20; the support assembly 22 includes a sleeve 220, which extends from the outside of the Dewar container 10 along the axial direction of the cold head body 20 toward the heat shield container 11. A flange ring 221 is provided on one end face of the sleeve 220 located outside the Dewar container 10. The flange ring 221 is fixedly connected to the flange 200 in the middle of the cold head body 20. The structure of the flange ring 221 and the flange 200 being adapted and fixedly connected can improve the structural stability between the cold head body 20 and the Dewar container 10. The other end of the sleeve 220 near the heat shield container 11 is fixedly connected to the Dewar container 10. The flange ring 221 can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the opening of the Dewar container 10 by brazing. The cold head body 20 passes through the flange ring 221 and the sleeve 220 sequentially from the outside of the Dewar container 10. The sleeve 220, which is fitted outside the cold head body 20, can isolate the opening of the Dewar container 10 from the external environment, and at the same time isolate the end of the cold head body 20 near the heat shield container 11 from the outside environment to avoid heat loss.

[0061] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the single-stage cold head 2 also includes a sealing assembly 23. The sealing assembly 23 is disposed inside the sleeve 220. One end of the sealing assembly 23 along the axial direction of the cold head body 20 is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the flange ring 221, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heat shield container 11. The sealing assembly 23 is sleeved on the outer wall of the cold head body 20, that is, the sealing assembly 23 is located between the cold head body 20 and the sleeve 220. The sealing assembly 23 is used to seal the space between the cold head body 20 and the heat shield container 11, that is, to provide a sealed environment for heat conduction, avoid heat loss, and improve heat conduction efficiency. Since the heat transfer component 21 at the end of the cold head body 20 near the heat shield container 11 is also sealed by the sealing assembly 23, in order to adapt the sealing assembly 23 to the axial deformation of the heat transfer component 21 (that is, the relative movement between the two ends of the heat transfer component 21), the sealing assembly 23 also needs to be configured to allow relative movement between its two ends within a predetermined distance along the axial direction of the heat transfer component 21. The sealing component 23 can adopt structures such as bellows 230 and telescopic sleeve to achieve extensibility and deformation while ensuring sealing.

[0062] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 2-4As shown, the sealing assembly 23 includes a bellows 230 and a neck 231 connected sequentially along the axial direction of the heat transfer assembly 21. The bellows 230 and the neck 231 are fixedly connected by brazing. The end of the bellows 230 away from the neck 231 is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the flange ring 221. The bellows 230 and the flange ring 221 are fixedly connected by brazing. The end of the neck 231 away from the bellows 230 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heat shield container 11. The neck 231 and the outer wall of the heat shield container 11 are fixedly connected by brazing. In the sealing assembly 23, the bellows 230 can achieve sealing and also deform with the deformation of the heat transfer assembly 21 by utilizing its own extensible and deformable characteristics, avoiding interference with the deformation compensation of the heat transfer assembly 21 due to the rigid connection between the sealing assembly 23 and the heat shield container 11.

[0063] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the single-stage cold head 2 also includes a mounting base 24, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heat shield container 11. The mounting base 24 can be plate-shaped or block-shaped and can be brazed to the outer wall of the heat shield container 11. It is mainly used to provide mounting points for the heat transfer component 21 and to realize heat transfer between the heat transfer component 21 and the heat shield container 11. The end of the heat transfer component 21 near the heat shield container 11 (such as the side of the second heat transfer component 211 near the heat shield container 11) is fixed and thermally connected to the side of the mounting base 24 away from the heat shield container 11. The two can be fixedly connected by screws or brazing. The end of the neck tube 231 away from the bellows 230 is sealed to the side of the mounting base 24 away from the heat shield container 11. The two can be fixedly connected by brazing.

[0064] To facilitate understanding of the installation method between the pluggable single-stage cold head 2 and the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet 1 for electromagnetic catapults provided in this specific embodiment, the specific installation method of the single-stage cold head 2, including the cold head body 20, heat transfer component 21, support component 22, sealing component 23 and mounting base 24, will be described below.

[0065] Step S1: Place the magnet coil 12 inside the heat shield container 11 to complete the initial assembly of the heat shield container 11 and the Dewar container 10.

[0066] Step S2: When the support assembly 22 includes the sleeve 220 and the flange ring 221, the sleeve 220 is welded to the opening of the Dewar container 10, and the mounting base 24 is welded to the heat shield container 11 by vacuum brazing.

[0067] Step S3: When the sealing assembly 23 includes a bellows 230 and a neck 231, the upper end of the bellows 230 is sealed and welded to the flange ring 221, the lower part is connected to the neck 231, and the end of the neck 231 away from the bellows 230 is vacuum brazed to the mounting base 24.

[0068] Step S4: When the heat transfer assembly 21 includes a first heat transfer component 210, a second heat transfer component 211, a guide post 2120, a spring 2121, and a flexible connecting member 2122, the cold head body 20 is installed on the flange ring 221. The first heat transfer component 210 is connected to the bottom of the cold head body 20 by bolts. The spring 2121 is sleeved on the outside of the guide post 2120. The two ends of the guide post 2120 are respectively inserted into the mounting holes of the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211.

[0069] Step S5: Install multiple flexible connecting components 2122 evenly around the outer periphery of the first heat transfer component 210 and the second heat transfer component 211 using bolts.

[0070] It should be noted that, in addition to the specific embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention will be presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of the invention are limited to those embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the invention in conjunction with embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of the present invention. To provide a thorough understanding of the invention, many specific details will be included in the following description. The invention may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of the invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0071] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0072] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of the invention is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0073] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0074] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0075] While the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the invention to these descriptions. Various changes in form and detail can be made by those skilled in the art, including several simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A pluggable single-stage cold head for a high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults, the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet comprising a Dewar container, a heat shield container disposed inside the Dewar container, and a magnet coil disposed within the heat shield container, characterized in that, The single-stage cold block includes: The cold head body extends gradually from the outside of the Dewar container toward the direction of the heat shield container; A heat transfer component, wherein one end of the heat transfer component is always fixed and thermally connected to the end of the cold head body near the heat shield container, and the other end is always fixed and thermally connected to the outer wall surface of the heat shield container. The heat transfer component is configured as a retractable heat-conducting structure so that the cold head body can conduct cold to the heat shield container through the heat transfer component, and the other end of the heat transfer component can move relative to the first end within a predetermined distance along the axial direction of the heat transfer component. A support assembly is provided, wherein the middle portion of the cold head body is fixed to the Dewar container via the support assembly; a flange is formed in the middle portion of the cold head body; the support assembly includes a sleeve, which extends gradually from the outside of the Dewar container along the axial direction toward the heat shield container; a flange ring is provided on one end face of the sleeve, which is fixedly connected to the flange; the other end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the Dewar container; the cold head body passes through the flange ring and the sleeve in sequence. A sealing assembly is disposed inside the sleeve and fitted onto the outer wall of the cold head body; one end of the sealing assembly along the axial direction is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the flange ring, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the heat shield container; the other end of the sealing assembly and the first end can move relative to each other along the axial direction within a predetermined distance. The mounting base is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heat shield container. One end of the heat transfer component near the heat shield container is fixed and thermally connected to the side of the mounting base opposite to the heat shield container, so that the other end of the heat transfer component remains fixed and thermally connected to the outer wall of the heat shield container through the mounting base. The other end of the sealing component is sealed to the side of the mounting base opposite to the heat shield container, and the other end of the sealing component is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heat shield container through the mounting base.

2. The pluggable single-stage cold head for the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat transfer assembly includes a first heat transfer component and a second heat transfer component that are spaced apart from each other along the axial direction. The first heat transfer component is detachably and fixedly connected to one end of the cold head body near the heat shield container. The second heat transfer component is detachably and fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the heat shield container. The end of the first heat transfer component away from the second heat transfer component constitutes one end of the heat transfer assembly, and the end of the second heat transfer component away from the first heat transfer component constitutes the other end of the heat transfer assembly. A telescopic structure is provided between the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component, and the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component can move relative to each other along the axial direction within a predetermined distance through the telescopic structure.

3. The pluggable single-stage cold head for the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic structure includes mounting holes respectively opened on the opposing surfaces of the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component, and also includes guide posts extending along the axial direction and having both ends inserted into the corresponding mounting holes, with at least one end of the guide post spaced apart from the bottom surface of the corresponding mounting hole.

4. The pluggable single-stage cold head for the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic structure also includes a spring sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide post, the spring extending along the axial direction.

5. The pluggable single-stage cold head for the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults as described in claim 4, characterized in that... The telescopic structure further includes a plurality of flexible connecting members disposed between the two ends of the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component that are close to each other, and the plurality of flexible connecting members are evenly spaced around the circumference of the cold head body. Each of the flexible connecting members is configured as a heat-conducting structure, and both ends of each flexible connecting member are detachably fixed and heat-conductingly connected to the outer walls of the first heat transfer component and the second heat transfer component, respectively, by fasteners.

6. The pluggable single-stage cold head for a high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The sealing assembly includes a bellows and a neck tube connected sequentially along the axial direction. The end of the bellows away from the neck tube is fixed and sealed to the inner wall of the flange ring, and the end of the neck tube away from the bellows is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heat shield container.

7. The pluggable single-stage cold head for the high-temperature superconducting linear motor magnet used in electromagnetic catapults as described in claim 6, characterized in that... The end of the neck tube away from the bellows is sealed to the side of the mounting base opposite to the heat shield container.

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