Ka-band two-dimensional sum-difference beam phased-array antenna based on liquid crystal

By introducing an orthogonal hybrid network and a differential beam feed structure into the liquid crystal phased array antenna, combined with liquid crystal phase shifting design, the angle of arrival estimation capability of the liquid crystal antenna is realized, solving the problem that the liquid crystal antenna cannot perform angle of arrival estimation, and improving its performance in target positioning and direction detection.

CN121965142APending Publication Date: 2026-05-01UNIV OF ELECTRONICS SCI & TECH OF CHINA
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610189932.8
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-02-10
Publication Date
2026-05-01

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Liquid crystal phased array antennas cannot perform angle of arrival estimation, limiting their use in applications requiring precise target localization and orientation detection.

Method used

Design a Ka-band two-dimensional sum-difference beam phased array antenna based on liquid crystal. Introduce an orthogonal hybrid network and a difference beam feeding structure. Combine liquid crystal phase shifting to achieve beam direction control. Use 16×16 two-dimensional periodically arranged metal patches and metal delay lines to form sum channels, elevation difference channels and azimuth difference channels to achieve independent feeding and beamforming.

Benefits of technology

This invention enables the spatial orientation sensing capability of liquid crystal antennas, allowing for angle of arrival estimation. This improves the performance of liquid crystal antennas in target localization and orientation detection, filling a key technological gap in the field of spatial signal orientation sensing.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a Ka-band two-dimensional sum-difference beam liquid crystal phased-array antenna based on liquid crystal, and belongs to the technical field of microwave antennas. The antenna comprises a radiation unit, a glass substrate, an antenna floor, a liquid crystal layer, a phase shift layer, a microstrip ground, a sum-difference beam feed network and a double-layer dielectric substrate. The sum-difference feed network is used for generating a sum beam, an azimuth difference beam and a pitch difference beam, and configuring a sum channel, a pitch difference channel and an azimuth difference channel; the sum-difference feed network and the phase shifter layer are connected through metalized via holes; a beam scanning function can be realized by driving different voltages to change liquid crystal dielectric constants; the two-dimensional sum-difference beam phased-array antenna is formed by using liquid crystal phase shift, has the characteristics of low cost, low power consumption, easiness in processing and the like, and has a wide prospect in the fields of satellite tracking communication and antenna signal arrival angle estimation.
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