Power utilization safety and supply guarantee linkage scheduling method for key power customers of urban network

Abstract

The invention discloses an electricity utilization safety and supply guarantee linkage scheduling method for key power customers of an urban network, particularly relates to the technical field of supply guarantee scheduling of key customers of the urban network, and aims at solving the problems that in an existing urban power distribution network, a key power customer power supply link is not clear, risks are difficult to quantify in time, supply guarantee constraints are difficult to implement in a linkage mode in the whole scheduling process, and the scheduling cost is low. Therefore, the problems of extensive insurance and supply strategies and high possibility of mis-switching and insurance leakage are solved. Power supply link models which are bound with key power customers one by one are constructed on an urban network scheduling platform, and power supply guarantee link operation states and power utilization behavior characteristics are uniformly collected and fused, so that power utilization safety risk indexes and power supply guarantee pressure indexes are generated and solidified into a power supply guarantee linkage constraint set and scheduling influence factors; therefore, in the whole process of operation mode adjustment, load control and fault processing, the power utilization safety and supply guarantee requirements of the key power customers are considered at the same time, mistaken switching and leakage protection situations are reduced, and the power supply reliability of the key power customers of the urban network is improved.

Description

A method for coordinated dispatching of power supply security and supply guarantee for key urban power customers Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power supply dispatching technology for key customers in urban power grids, specifically a method for coordinated dispatching of power consumption safety and power supply for key power customers in urban power grids. Background Technology

[0002] In existing urban power distribution networks, operators typically identify key electricity customers such as hospitals, rail transit stations, and water supply facilities through marketing systems or customer profile systems, maintain primary equipment topology through distribution geographic information systems, and collect measurement data and equipment status through power information acquisition systems and distribution automation systems, respectively. However, in engineering practice, the lists of key electricity customers, metering point information, and distribution equipment ledgers are often scattered across multiple business systems, lacking a unified power supply link perspective for key electricity customers. Dispatchers can only rely on experience and fragmented information to judge the impact of a particular switch operation on key electricity customers.

[0003] In scenarios involving operational mode adjustments, load control during power supply and demand imbalances, and line fault handling, existing technologies generally focus on meeting grid safety constraints and equipment capacity constraints. At most, they focus on key power customers through simple power outage impact analysis or manual notes. They lack a systematic integration of key customer electricity consumption behavior and supply link operation status based on unified time synchronization. This makes it difficult to quantify the power safety risks of key power customers and the supply pressure on the supply links in a timely and objective manner. Furthermore, there is a lack of a mechanism to directly transform the above assessment results into hard constraints and priority weights in operational mode verification, load control, and fault handling calculations.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies urgently need a method for coordinated dispatching of power supply safety and power supply guarantee for key power customers in urban power grids. This method would bind key power customers to their power supply paths from the perspective of a unified power supply link, and on this basis, effectively connect the risk identification results with the scheduling calculation constraints. This would allow for a balance between the power supply safety of key power customers and the overall operational flexibility of the distribution network under complex operating and fault conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for coordinated dispatching of electricity consumption safety and supply guarantee for key urban power customers, thereby resolving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for coordinated dispatching of electricity consumption safety and supply guarantee for key power customers in urban power grids, comprising: S1, constructing a power supply link model including power distribution equipment and key power customers on the urban power grid dispatching platform, and binding key customers to corresponding power supply links; S2, setting a unified time synchronization and cycle, collecting power information of key customers, connecting and obtaining equipment status, electricity consumption inspection information and anti-theft information of corresponding power supply links, and summarizing them to form risk characteristics; S3, calculating the electricity consumption safety risk index of key customers based on risk characteristics, and calculating the supply guarantee pressure in conjunction with the number of key customers and load factor of the supply guarantee link. S4. Based on the power safety risk index, the power supply pressure index, and the power supply linkage level, a power supply linkage constraint set and scheduling influence factor are generated for the power supply link equipment, so that the scheduling calculation is subject to the power supply linkage constraint; S5. In operation and fault scenarios, the scheduling platform solves the operation mode, load control and fault handling scheme based on the constraint set and scheduling influence factor, and issues operation instructions to the terminal equipment; S6. After execution, the power consumption results of key customers are statistically analyzed and compared with the aforementioned risk index and pressure index. The risk parameters are adjusted according to the deviation, and the linkage level, constraint set and scheduling influence factor are updated.

[0007] Furthermore, S1 includes: connecting the urban power grid dispatching platform with the distribution geographic information system, the power information collection system, and the customer file system; configuring equipment codes for primary equipment and distribution transformers in the distribution network, with the equipment codes including voltage level, substation name, feeder number, and equipment sequence number segment; the urban power grid dispatching platform, based on the list of key power customers, metering point number, and the identifier of the distribution transformer to which the metering point belongs, tracing upwards along the topological relationship from the equipment code of the distribution transformer to the outgoing circuit breaker of the substation to form a power supply link; registering the power supply link as a key power customer guarantee link, setting the main guarantee link attribute and the backup guarantee link attribute in the guarantee link, generating a power supply link model with a model version identifier, and writing the model version identifier to a read-only log.

[0008] Furthermore, S2 includes:

[0009] The city grid dispatch platform sets up a unified time source and a fixed control cycle. Within each fixed control cycle, it obtains timestamped measurement records and event records from the power information acquisition system, distribution automation system, power consumption inspection system, and anti-electricity theft system according to the key power customer identifier and the power supply link identifier. Within the time range, it performs filtering, time alignment, missing data completion, and invalid measurement removal to form a risk feature set divided by the control cycle.

[0010] Furthermore, the urban grid dispatching platform establishes a risk feature database based on risk feature sets, storing risk feature sets according to key power customer identifiers, supply link identifiers, and control cycle identifiers; and sets up a service interface that, when receiving request information containing key power customer identifiers and control cycle identifiers, returns the corresponding risk feature set and status flag from the risk feature database; and returns an error flag and writes the error flag to a read-only log under conditions of missing fields or time out-of-bounds.

[0011] Furthermore, S3 includes: the city grid dispatching platform retrieves a set of risk features indexed by key power customer identifiers and supply guarantee link identifiers from the risk feature database; statistically analyzes voltage deviation duration, overload operation duration, number of short-term power outages, number of unrectified hidden dangers, and severity of suspicious electricity consumption records as risk components; and performs normalized weighted processing on the risk components and pressure components according to the range boundaries and weights in the parameter database to obtain the key power customer electricity safety risk index and supply guarantee pressure index, and classifies rigid supply guarantee level, priority supply guarantee level, and constrainable supply guarantee level according to the threshold combination relationship.

[0012] Furthermore, S4 includes: after the power safety risk index, supply pressure index, and supply linkage level of key power customers are determined, the urban grid dispatching platform generates a supply linkage constraint set and dispatching influence factors according to the supply links; the supply linkage constraint set sets mandatory branch markings for the power supply branches corresponding to key power customers with rigid supply levels, and generates transfer restriction rules for the supply links of key power customers with priority supply levels; the dispatching influence factors are calculated based on the importance of key power customers and the supply linkage level, and the dispatching influence factors and supply link identifiers are stored in the dispatching rule base.

[0013] Furthermore, S5 includes: when the urban grid dispatching platform receives a planned maintenance application, a power supply and demand tension notification, or a fault alarm, it retrieves the supply guarantee linkage constraint set and dispatching influence factors from the dispatching rule base; it eliminates candidate operating modes, load control combinations, and fault isolation and recovery operation sequences according to the prohibition operation, mandatory branch protection, and transfer restriction rules in the supply guarantee linkage constraint set; it sorts the candidate schemes according to the dispatching influence factors, generates switching operation instructions with scheme numbers and switching action sequences, sends them to the terminal equipment through the communication link, and registers the execution record according to the scheme number based on the idempotent constraint rules.

[0014] Furthermore, S6 includes:

[0015] When the urban power grid dispatching platform receives a planned maintenance application, a power supply and demand tension notification, or a fault alarm, it searches the dispatching rule base using the control cycle identifier and the supply guarantee link identifier, retrieves the supply guarantee linkage constraint set and dispatching influencing factors, and verifies the candidate operating modes, load control combinations, and fault isolation and recovery operation sequences according to the prohibited operation, mandatory branch protection, and transfer restriction rules in the supply guarantee linkage constraint set, eliminating candidate schemes that violate the supply guarantee linkage constraint set.

[0016] Furthermore, the urban network dispatching platform sorts the verified candidate operating modes, load control combinations, and fault isolation and recovery operation sequences by weighted scheduling impact factors, and determines the proposed execution plan under the condition of satisfying network safety and equipment capacity boundaries. The switching actions of the proposed execution plan are organized into a switching action sequence, and a switching operation instruction with a plan number and switching action sequence is generated. This instruction is sent to the terminal equipment through the communication link, and the execution record is registered according to the plan number based on the idempotent constraint rule.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By constructing a power supply link model that is bound one-to-one with key power customers on the urban power grid dispatching platform, the operating status and electricity consumption behavior characteristics of the supply guarantee link are uniformly collected and integrated to generate an electricity consumption safety risk index and a supply guarantee pressure index, which are then solidified into a supply guarantee linkage constraint set and dispatching influencing factors. This achieves the effect of simultaneously considering the electricity consumption safety and supply guarantee requirements of key power customers, reducing false disconnections and missed guarantees, and improving the power supply reliability of key power customers in the urban power grid throughout the entire process of operation mode adjustment, load control, and fault handling; 2. By establishing a version management and read-only log recording mechanism for the power supply link model, risk parameters, and supply guarantee linkage constraints, and adaptively adjusting the weights and grading rules based on the deviation between the electricity consumption results of key power customers and the aforementioned electricity consumption safety risk index and supply guarantee pressure index within the observation window, the linkage dispatching strategy is continuously optimized with actual operating performance, thereby improving the refinement of urban power grid dispatching decisions and the traceability of the entire process while meeting safety and compliance boundaries. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating the method for coordinated dispatching of electricity safety and supply guarantee for key urban power customers according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example: Figure 1 shows a flowchart of a method for coordinated dispatching of power supply security and guarantee for key urban power customers according to the present invention. The method includes:

[0021] S1. Construct a power supply link model including power distribution equipment and key power customers on the urban power grid dispatch platform, and bind key customers to the corresponding power supply links. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0022] In a power system that adopts a centralized monitoring approach for urban distribution networks, the urban grid dispatching platform is located in the control center. It is used to uniformly maintain the topological relationships and operational connections of primary equipment, secondary equipment, and key power customers in the distribution network. The urban grid dispatching platform can be a software system configured with distribution network operation applications, or it can be a functional module deployed on the existing dispatching master station.

[0023] The power distribution geographic information system is used to store the spatial location and electrical connection information of primary equipment in the power distribution network, and at least records the equipment codes of substations, feeders, line branches, ring main units, and distribution transformers, as well as the connection relationships between the equipment; the power information acquisition system is used to connect to the power metering devices and acquisition terminals installed at each metering point, and records the metering point number of key power customers, the transformer area to which the metering point belongs, and the identification of the distribution transformer connected to it; the customer file system is used to maintain basic information of power customers, and at least records the customer number, electricity address, electricity category, and a list of key power customers. The list of key power customers is used to identify the set of customers that require priority power supply in terms of power supply security and guarantee requirements.

[0024] Equipment codes are used to uniquely identify each piece of equipment in the distribution network, and include at least voltage level, substation name, feeder number, and equipment serial number fields. These codes are used for equipment retrieval and association within the urban grid dispatch platform. Topology relationships describe the electrical connections between equipment, recording the connection relationships between upstream and downstream equipment in the form of equipment code pairs, along with connection direction markers. This is used to construct a directed distribution network topology map within the urban grid dispatch platform. Transformer ledgers record the capacity, wiring method, operating voltage level, and installation location of each distribution transformer, corresponding one-to-one with the equipment codes in the distribution geographic information system. Metering point locations describe the subordinate relationship and approximate geographical location of the metering point and distribution transformer, which can be represented by the transformer area number and incoming switch number. This enables the urban grid dispatch platform to establish a mapping relationship between key power customers in the customer file system and specific distribution equipment.

[0025] To ensure the consistency of topology relationships under different time states, the urban network dispatching platform configures device topology versions for the connection status of distribution network equipment. The device topology version is used to indicate the effective structural status of the distribution network within a certain time period. Each device topology version has a unique version identifier and effective time interval, which is used to limit the unique network structure when sorting out power supply links and performing historical backtracking.

[0026] When the urban power grid dispatch platform performs power supply link analysis, it first reads the list of key power customers from the customer file system to obtain the key power customer number and electricity address information. Then, it obtains the metering point number of the corresponding key power customer and the identification of the distribution transformer to which the metering point belongs through the power information collection system. Under the currently effective equipment topology version, it starts from the equipment code corresponding to the distribution transformer, searches for equipment codes with a lower-level connection relationship with the equipment code in the topology relationship table recorded in the distribution geographic information system, and verifies the connection direction. When a higher-level equipment code exists, it traces upstream level by level along the connection direction, sequentially passing through the ring network cabinet. For branch switches and feeder switches at line branches, when no higher-level equipment code is found in the topology and the current equipment type is a substation outgoing circuit breaker, the tracing is terminated, and the equipment codes from the substation outgoing circuit breaker to the distribution transformer are arranged into an ordered equipment sequence according to the tracing order. This ordered equipment sequence constitutes a power supply link. If no higher-level equipment code is found during the tracing process and the current equipment type is not a substation outgoing circuit breaker, the urban grid dispatching platform marks the tracing path as an incomplete topology record, does not generate a power supply link, and only registers the relevant equipment code and time information in the read-only log for subsequent ledger verification.

[0027] The power supply link is used to characterize the actual power supply path of key power customers under the current operating mode. It includes at least a combination of equipment codes from substation outgoing circuit breakers, feeder switches, branch switches, ring main unit switches, and distribution transformers. The current operating mode refers to the combination of the opening and closing states of each circuit breaker and switch and the resulting power flow distribution state under the constraints of the equipment topology version.

[0028] For each critical power customer, the urban power grid dispatch platform generates at least one power supply link under the same equipment topology version and registers it as the critical power customer's backup power supply link. A feasible power supply path refers to the equipment code sequence in the topology that traces from the distribution transformer code through the upstream equipment code to the substation outgoing circuit breaker without loops. When there are multiple feasible power supply paths upstream from the same distribution transformer, preferably, one power supply path with strong power supply capacity or high operational reliability can be set as the primary backup power supply link, and the remaining power supply paths as backup backup power supply links. A primary / backup attribute mark is added to the backup power supply link record. The backup power supply link is used to mark the set of paths undertaking the power supply task for critical power customers. Each backup power supply link record stores at least the critical power customer number, the corresponding metering point number, and the equipment code sequence on the backup power supply link. The critical power customer is bound to its backup power supply link in the above manner.

[0029] Based on the power supply link, the urban grid dispatching platform generates a power supply link model. The power supply link model not only includes the equipment codes and connection sequence of the power supply link, but also reserves fields for storing the operating capacity, protection configuration and historical fault information of the power supply link in the future, so as to support the subsequent power safety risk assessment of key power customers and the calculation of power supply linkage dispatch.

[0030] After completing a round of power supply link analysis, the urban grid dispatch platform configures a version identifier and generation time for each power supply link model. The version identifier is preferably associated with the equipment topology version and is used to indicate the network structure status on which the power supply link model is based. At least one set of fields, including the version identifier of the power supply link model, generation time, number of key power customers participating in the analysis, and identifier of the initiator of the analysis operation, are uniformly written into a read-only log. The read-only log is used to record key information on the generation and changes of the power supply link model in an append-only manner. It is not allowed to be modified or deleted after generation, thus forming a complete chain of evidence. When performing joint dispatching for the power safety and supply guarantee of key power customers in the future, the urban grid dispatch platform can call the corresponding power supply link model as needed according to the version identifier, and provide a clear and verifiable physical power supply path and version evolution process when disputes occur or when it is necessary to trace the basis of joint dispatching decisions.

[0031] S2. Set a unified time synchronization and cycle, collect key customer power information, connect to obtain the equipment status, power consumption inspection information and anti-electricity theft information of the corresponding power supply link, and summarize them to form risk characteristics. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0032] Based on the completion of the aforementioned power supply link model, in order to ensure that the perception of the electricity consumption behavior of key power customers and the operation status of the power supply link is comparable and traceable in the time dimension, the urban grid dispatch platform selects a unified time source at the system level. The unified time source can be a satellite time synchronization device or time synchronization server deployed in the control center, which is used to provide a unified time signal to the distribution automation system, the power information acquisition system, the electricity consumption inspection system, and the anti-electricity theft system. After connecting to the unified time source, the above systems use a consistent timestamp precision to record their respective measurement records and event records. The timestamp precision is preferably set to the second level to ensure that the order can be distinguished within a fixed control cycle.

[0033] The fixed control cycle refers to the length of the time window during which the urban grid dispatching platform repeatedly performs risk assessments and supply guarantee linkage calculations for key power customers according to a set rhythm. The control cycle can be set to several minutes to achieve a balance between real-time requirements and computational resource consumption. Within each control cycle, the urban grid dispatching platform uses key power customer identifiers and supply guarantee link identifiers as organizational units to obtain voltage, load, and power factor measurements of key power customers from the power information acquisition system at a predetermined rhythm. The predetermined rhythm refers to the constraint that the energy meter or acquisition terminal sends measurement values ​​at fixed time intervals, which can be set to a segmented interval less than or equal to the control cycle, ensuring that each control cycle contains at least a certain number of measurement points.

[0034] The voltage, load, and power factor measurements mentioned above are recorded in uniform voltage units, power units, and dimensionless coefficients, and are accompanied by timestamps and measurement point numbers.

[0035] The city grid dispatch platform simultaneously obtains the opening status, current, over-limit markers, and protection action records of circuit breakers, switches, and transformers on the power supply link from the distribution automation system. The opening status is used to indicate whether the switching equipment is in the closed or open position within the control cycle. The current measurement value is measured in a unified current unit. The over-limit marker is used to indicate whether the corresponding measurement value exceeds the pre-configured safe operating range. The protection action record is used to indicate whether the protection device has tripped or alarmed at a certain moment.

[0036] When on-site inspectors enter hazard records, the electricity inspection system configures each hazard record with a hazard number, hazard level, discovery time, and rectification requirements. After rectification is completed, the rectification status field is updated, which indicates whether the hazard is in the state of not being rectified, being rectified, or being rectified. When the anti-electricity theft system identifies metering anomalies and suspicious electricity use, it generates metering anomaly records and suspicious electricity use records. Metering anomaly records include markers for electricity metering device malfunctions, wiring abnormalities, or abnormal meter readings. Suspicious electricity use records include at least the type of suspected electricity theft, the time of occurrence, and the level of suspicion.

[0037] At the beginning of each control cycle, the city network dispatch platform reads the start and end times of the current control cycle and uses this time interval as the time range. It then filters the measurement values ​​and event records obtained from each system, retaining only the records whose timestamps fall within the time range and removing or marking the records whose timestamps are ahead or behind the time range as not participating in the risk assessment for this cycle.

[0038] After completing the time synchronization range screening, the urban grid dispatch platform uses the key power customer identifier and the supply link identifier as indexes to align the records from the power information collection system, distribution automation system, power consumption inspection system, and anti-electricity theft system according to the timestamp. For cases where multiple measurement values ​​exist for the same key power customer within the same control cycle, these measurement values ​​are arranged in chronological order to form a time series. For cases where voltage, load, or power factor measurement values ​​are missing in a certain time slice, the reliable measurement value recorded in the previous control cycle or at the end of the previous control cycle is used as the most recent reliable record to fill in the missing value for that time slice. At the same time, the source of the filling is recorded in the internal mark so that the actual collected value and the filling value can be distinguished during subsequent model calibration. For measurement values ​​that are significantly outside the range, the urban grid dispatch platform marks these measurement values ​​as invalid measurements according to the pre-configured equipment range and does not participate in the risk feature calculation.

[0039] After the above alignment, completion, and elimination, the urban grid dispatch platform merges the voltage, load, and power factor measurements with their corresponding switching status, current, over-limit markers, protection action records, hidden danger records and rectification status, metering anomaly records, and suspicious electricity consumption records according to the control cycle. It then uses the key power customer identifier and the supply link identifier as the classification key to form a risk feature set for that control cycle. The risk feature set is used to comprehensively describe the electricity consumption behavior characteristics and safety risk clues of a key power customer and its supply link within a certain control cycle.

[0040] To support on-demand queries in subsequent steps, the urban power grid dispatching platform sets up a risk feature database. The risk feature database is used to store risk feature sets divided by control cycle. Each record contains at least the key power customer identifier, the supply link identifier, the control cycle identifier, and measurement feature and event feature fields related to that cycle.

[0041] The city grid dispatching platform provides a service interface with customer identifier and control cycle identifier fields for subsequent steps to call. After receiving a request information containing the key power customer identifier and control cycle identifier, the service interface retrieves the corresponding risk feature set in the risk feature database and returns the risk feature set and status flag. The status flag is used to indicate whether the risk features are complete within the control cycle, whether there are any supplementary records, and whether there are any records of exceeding the range limit. When the request information is missing the key power customer identifier or control cycle identifier field, or when the control cycle identifier is not within the time range generated in the risk feature database, the service interface returns a field missing error flag or a time out-of-bounds error flag, and writes the error flag along with the request content to a read-only log for subsequent investigation of improper calls or improper time configurations.

[0042] Preferably, under typical urban power distribution network conditions, the urban grid dispatching platform can set the fixed control cycle to several minutes, set the predetermined rhythm of the power information acquisition system to several minutes, and set the time synchronization range to a time period bounded by the start and end times of the control cycle. After cleaning, at least several voltage and load measurement points, as well as corresponding over-limit markers and protection action records, should be retained in each control cycle. Through the above-mentioned unified time synchronization, cycle acquisition, and risk feature merging, this method can stably provide continuous, comparable, and traceable risk features for each power supply link and each key power customer in practical applications, providing a complete basis for the subsequent calculation of the power safety risk index and the power supply pressure index.

[0043] S3. Calculate the power safety risk index for key customers based on risk characteristics, and calculate the supply guarantee pressure index by combining the number of key customers and load factor in the supply guarantee link. Based on this, determine the supply guarantee linkage level. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0044] Based on the aforementioned risk feature database, the urban grid dispatching platform retrieves the risk feature set corresponding to each key power customer from the risk feature database in each control cycle. The risk feature set refers to the combination of fields such as voltage, load, power factor, over-limit marker, protection action record, electricity use hazard record, rectification status, metering anomaly record and suspicious electricity use record obtained by summarizing around a key power customer and its supply chain in a control cycle. These are used to extract numerical risk components in the subsequent process.

[0045] The urban power grid dispatch platform first calculates the voltage deviation duration, overload operation duration, number of short-term power outages, number of unrectified hidden dangers, and severity of suspicious electricity consumption records from the risk characteristic set at the level of key power customers. Voltage deviation duration refers to the cumulative time during which the voltage at the metering point of a key power customer deviates from the preset offset range of the rated voltage within the control period. Overload operation duration refers to the cumulative time during which the current of the distribution transformer or power supply branch of the key power customer exceeds the preset safe load limit within the control period. Number of short-term power outages refers to the number of power outages during the control period where the voltage of the key power customer drops to near zero and is restored within a limited time. Number of unrectified hidden dangers refers to the number of hidden danger records that are still in an unrectified or rectified state at the end of the control period. Severity of suspicious electricity consumption records refers to the comprehensive intensity of the suspicion level among suspicious electricity consumption records related to the key power customer during the control period. These quantities can be obtained by statistically analyzing the timestamp and tag fields in the risk characteristic set from the previous step. The urban power grid dispatch platform uses these five types of quantities as risk components for key power customers. Risk components refer to several numerical indicators extracted from the risk characteristic set that can reflect the power safety status.

[0046] To facilitate the synthesis of different risk components, the urban power grid dispatching platform normalizes each risk component according to a pre-set range and expected working interval, ensuring that each risk component obtains a value within a unified range. Then, based on weight combinations pre-stored in a parameter library, the normalized risk components are converted into a single key customer electricity safety risk index. This key customer electricity safety risk index is used to quantify the degree of electricity safety risk for a specific key power customer within a defined range during the current control period. The parameter library centrally stores the weights, normalization boundaries, risk index interval divisions, and supply pressure-related parameters for each risk component. It is a set of parameter configurations within the urban power grid dispatching platform, and each set of parameter configurations has a unique parameter version identifier.

[0047] After calculating the power safety risk index for key customers, the urban power grid dispatch platform statistically analyzes the number of key power customers on each supply link, the power safety risk index for each key power customer, transformer load factor, reserve capacity, and historical fault frequency. The transformer load factor refers to the ratio of the average load to the rated capacity of the distribution transformers on the supply link during the control period. Reserve capacity refers to the ability of the supply link to handle additional loads without violating safety operation requirements. Historical fault frequency refers to the number of times power outages occur due to equipment failure or protection actions on the supply link within a pre-set observation time window. These quantities are considered as stress components, which are a set of numerical indicators reflecting the degree of stress on the supply link when undertaking power supply tasks for key power customers.

[0048] The city network dispatching platform also normalizes the pressure components according to the boundaries set in the parameter library, and converts the normalized pressure components into a single supply pressure index based on the weight combination of the pressure components in the parameter library. The supply pressure index is used to quantify the supply pressure status of a certain supply link within the current control period within a limited range.

[0049] After the calculation of the key customer power safety risk index and supply pressure index is completed, the urban grid dispatching platform classifies key power customers into rigid supply guarantee level, priority supply guarantee level, and constrained supply guarantee level according to the threshold combination relationship pre-configured in the parameter library. The rigid supply guarantee level is used to identify key power customers who must be given priority to ensure uninterrupted power supply during operation, load control, and fault handling when both the power safety risk index and the supply pressure index are in the high level area. The priority supply guarantee level is used to identify key power customers whose power safety risk index or supply pressure index is in the medium to high level area but who are allowed to adjust the power supply mode for a short time under strict constraints. The constrained supply guarantee level is used to identify key power customers who are neither in the high-risk area nor the high-pressure area under the current operating conditions. These customers can be used as flexible objects for load control or operation mode adjustment under the premise of meeting the overall safety constraints during continuous operation.

[0050] When setting threshold combination relationships, the urban power grid dispatch platform divides the value range of the key customer power safety risk index and the supply pressure index into several sub-ranges. Each sub-range is established with a one-to-one correspondence with a supply guarantee level, thereby ensuring that the same set of indices corresponds to only one supply guarantee level under the same risk parameter version, avoiding different interpretations.

[0051] All parameters used for normalization, weight combination, and threshold division are set by the operating unit in conjunction with historical operating data, key power customer classification standards, and regulatory requirements, and then written into the parameter library. A parameter version identifier is generated for each complete parameter configuration. The parameter version identifier is associated with the control cycle and the power supply link model version. When the urban grid dispatching platform uses a certain parameter version to calculate the key customer power safety risk index and supply pressure index within a certain control cycle, the parameter version identifier, the control cycle identifier, and the power supply link model version identifier used at that time are written into the read-only log. The read-only log records the parameter version and model version used in each control cycle in an append-only manner, and modification and deletion are prohibited. This ensures that when evaluating the effect of coordinated dispatching or tracing responsibility in the future, the parameter configuration and power supply link model used at that time can be uniquely located based on the control cycle identifier, ensuring that risk parameters are not implicitly modified within the same version.

[0052] Preferably, in typical urban power distribution network application scenarios, the operating unit can set the value range of the key customer electricity safety risk index and the supply pressure index to a closed range of zero to one. The normalized upper limits for voltage deviation duration, overload operation duration, and short-term power outage frequency are set as the length of a single control cycle, the longest allowable overload time within that cycle, and the expected number of short-term interruptions, respectively. The normalized upper limits for the number of unrectified hidden dangers and the severity of suspicious electricity usage records are set as the maximum number of defects and the maximum suspicion intensity that can be tolerated within an inspection period. Based on this, the weights are adjusted so that the key customer electricity safety risk index can reflect the comprehensive impact of voltage quality problems, overload problems, power outage problems, and electricity compliance problems. Furthermore, a high-risk threshold is set for the key customer electricity safety risk index. Key power customers whose supply pressure index exceeds a certain high-pressure threshold are classified as rigid supply guarantee level. Key power customers whose power safety risk index is between medium and high risk thresholds or whose supply pressure index is between medium and high pressure thresholds are classified as priority supply guarantee level. The remaining key power customers are classified as constrained supply guarantee level. Through this classification method, hospitals, rail transit stations and water supply facilities that are at high risk of power safety and have high supply pressure in actual operation are always within the strictest supply guarantee range during operation mode adjustment and fault handling. Other key power customers with relatively small loads and controllable fault impacts can participate in the load control strategy to a certain extent. This ensures the power safety of key power customers while taking into account the overall operational flexibility of the distribution network.

[0053] S4. Based on the power safety risk index, supply pressure index, and supply linkage level, generate a supply linkage constraint set and scheduling influence factor for the supply link equipment, so that the scheduling calculation is subject to the supply linkage constraint. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0054] Based on the aforementioned key power customer electricity safety risk index, supply pressure index, and supply linkage level already determined within the urban power grid dispatching platform, the urban power grid dispatching platform uses the supply link as the basic unit to generate operating constraints and weight parameters for circuit breakers, switches, and distribution transformers on the supply link that match the supply requirements of key power customers.

[0055] The supply guarantee linkage constraint set refers to a set of operating restriction rules set for a certain supply guarantee link, which are used to constrain the switching combinations that the equipment can take and the corresponding time boundaries. The scheduling impact factor refers to a set of weight values ​​associated with key power customers and supply guarantee links, which are used to prioritize multiple candidate operating modes, load control schemes and service restoration schemes.

[0056] When generating the power supply linkage constraint set, the urban grid dispatching platform first identifies the power supply branches that directly supply power to key power customers with rigid power supply linkage levels from the power supply link model, based on the power supply linkage level of each key power customer on the power supply link. The power supply branch refers to a continuous sequence of equipment from a branch switch or ring network cabinet switch to one or more distribution transformers. Under the current operating mode, this sequence of equipment undertakes the task of supplying power to specific key power customers.

[0057] For power supply branches involving critical power customers with rigid supply guarantee levels, the urban grid dispatching platform registers the branch as a mandatory branch during fault handling and load control. A mandatory branch refers to a branch that cannot be continuously disconnected during fault clearing, load reduction, or operation mode adjustment. At the same time, a mark is added to the power supply linkage constraint centralized to indicate that the branch must maintain a power supply status under normal operating conditions and during planned maintenance.

[0058] For switch action combinations that may lead to long-term power outages for critical power customers, the urban grid dispatching platform, based on the power supply link model and the outage tolerance time of critical power customers, identifies switch combinations that simultaneously open multiple branches of critical power customers within the same control cycle, or disconnect the main power supply link for a long time without establishing a backup power supply link, as high-risk combinations. These combinations are then registered as prohibited operations in the power supply linkage constraint set. Prohibited operations refer to opening and closing state combinations that cannot be used during operation mode verification, operation ticket review, and automated switch sequence generation.

[0059] For priority power customers in the power supply chain, the urban grid dispatching platform determines the upper limit of the load proportion that can be adjusted through power transfer and the allowable off-grid duration, based on the standby capacity and historical load fluctuation of the power supply chain. The power transfer range refers to the proportion of load that can be migrated between power supply paths when load transfer or standby power supply switching is carried out. The allowable off-grid duration refers to the upper limit of a single continuous power outage time that priority power customers can accept during planned maintenance or fault handling. These two types of quantities are registered as power transfer restriction rules in the form of parameters. Power transfer restriction rules refer to the set of boundary conditions that constrain power transfer decisions during operation mode verification and fault handling.

[0060] After the urban power grid dispatching platform completes the generation of basic rules for the power supply linkage constraint set, it sets dispatching influence factors based on the importance of key power customers in the power supply area and the level of power supply linkage. The importance of key power customers can be pre-determined by the operating unit as several levels based on customer category, load scale and social impact. Each level corresponds to a basic weight value. The level of power supply linkage is then used as an adjustment coefficient and superimposed on the basic weight to form a comprehensive weight for ranking.

[0061] The comprehensive weight is registered together with the supply link identifier and key power customer identifier as a scheduling impact factor. It is used to force the priority of different candidate schemes in the operation mode verification module, load control module and service recovery module, so that under the premise of meeting safety constraints, the scheme with higher scheduling impact factor and less impact on key power customers is selected first.

[0062] The supply guarantee linkage constraint set and scheduling influencing factors are stored in the scheduling rule base using the supply guarantee link identifier and equipment code as the search keys. The scheduling rule base is used to centrally store the operation rules and weight parameters related to supply guarantee linkage, and supports retrieval by supply guarantee link, equipment and control cycle.

[0063] To ensure the consistency of the rule set with the aforementioned risk parameter versions in terms of time and logic, when the urban network dispatch platform generates or updates a certain supply guarantee linkage constraint set and dispatch influencing factor, it synchronously locks the risk parameter version identifier and the rule set version identifier at that time. The rule set version identifier is used to indicate the current version of the supply guarantee linkage constraint set and dispatch influencing factor. When the operating unit adjusts the supply guarantee linkage constraint set or dispatch influencing factor based on operating experience or regulatory requirements, the urban network dispatch platform generates a new rule set version identifier and records fields such as version identifier, reason for change, summary of change content, and effective time in the read-only log to ensure that the application of the rule set is traceable throughout the entire operating cycle.

[0064] Preferably, under typical urban power distribution network application conditions, the operating unit can uniformly mark shared branches involving three or more hospitals and rail transit stations as mandatory protection branches, register switch action combinations that would cause the aforementioned branches and the outgoing circuit breakers of the upper-level substations to trip simultaneously as prohibited operations, set the upper limit of the transfer range of the supply links of priority-level key power customers to a certain percentage of the rated capacity of the supply links, set the allowable disconnection time to no more than a certain specified number of minutes, and store these numerical restrictions as transfer restriction rules in the dispatch rule base. In the actual operation mode verification and fault recovery calculation, the operation mode verification module and the fault handling module retrieve the supply linkage constraint set and dispatch influence factors from the dispatch rule base, and filter and sort the automatically generated switch operation sequences. Thus, among multiple feasible operation modes, the scheme that meets both equipment safety and key power customer supply requirements is given priority. This makes the constraints of power safety and supply linkage dispatch for key power customers in the urban power grid complete, visible, and traceable, facilitating engineers in this field to implement system functions according to the above rules and reproduce the method in actual urban power distribution networks.

[0065] S5. In operation and fault scenarios, the scheduling platform solves for the operation mode, load control, and fault handling scheme based on the constraint set and scheduling influence factors, and issues operation instructions to the terminal equipment. Specifically, the implementation is as follows:

[0066] Based on the aforementioned power supply link model, risk feature library, key power customer electricity safety risk index, supply pressure index, supply linkage level, supply linkage constraint set, and scheduling influencing factors already established and solidified within the urban grid dispatching platform, in actual operation and fault scenarios, when the urban grid dispatching platform receives a planned maintenance application, a power supply and demand tension notification, or a fault alarm, it uses the current control cycle identifier and the identifier of the affected supply link as search conditions to retrieve the supply linkage constraint set and scheduling influencing factors related to these supply links from the dispatching rule library, which serves as the basis for subsequent operation mode review and operation plan selection.

[0067] Operation mode verification refers to the process by which the urban grid dispatching platform checks whether a certain combination of switch states and its adjustment path meets safety boundaries such as bus segmentation, power flow distribution, short-circuit current, and voltage level, based on the distribution network topology, electrical parameters, and safety regulations. Load control combination refers to a set of load-cutting unit combinations formed to meet the grid load reduction target when power supply and demand are tight or when it is necessary to control equipment load. Fault isolation and recovery operation sequence refers to the orderly sequence of switch actions formed to separate the faulty section from the non-faulty section and restore power supply to the non-faulty area as soon as possible when a fault is detected in a distribution line or equipment.

[0068] The urban grid dispatching platform will use the prohibited operations and mandatory protection branches retrieved from the dispatching rule base as hard conditions to add to the operation mode verification. It will conduct compliance screening on each candidate operation mode, load control combination, and fault isolation and recovery operation sequence. Candidate schemes containing the switch state combinations registered in the prohibited operations will be directly eliminated. Candidate schemes that would cause the mandatory protection branch to continuously lose power supply capacity during the control cycle will also be eliminated. On this basis, based on the upper limit of the transfer range and the allowable off-grid duration in the transfer restriction rules, it will judge the impact of each candidate scheme on key power customers of rigid supply guarantee level and priority supply guarantee level, and eliminate those candidate schemes that would cause the off-grid duration of these two types of key power customers to exceed the allowable off-grid duration or the transfer load ratio to exceed the upper limit of the transfer range.

[0069] For candidate schemes that pass the above-mentioned hard constraints, the urban grid dispatching platform calls the aforementioned dispatching influence factors to weight and summarize the impact of each candidate scheme on different power supply links and key power customers according to the dispatching influence factors. Under the premise of ensuring grid safety and that equipment capacity boundaries are not breached, the platform sorts the candidate operating modes, load control combinations, and fault isolation and recovery operation sequences, and prioritizes the schemes with smaller weighted impacts and shorter recovery times for key power customers as the schemes to be executed in this control cycle. Grid safety refers to the state in which the power grid meets the operating standards in terms of voltage, current, short-circuit level, and voltage over-limit. Equipment capacity boundaries refer to the maximum allowable operating current and load level of substation outgoing lines, distribution transformers, and lines.

[0070] After selecting a certain operation mode adjustment scheme, load control combination, or fault isolation and recovery operation sequence, the urban network dispatching platform will organize the switching actions that make up the scheme into a switching action sequence in chronological order, and assign a scheme number to the switching action sequence. The scheme number is used to uniquely identify a linkage dispatching instruction within a certain control cycle. The urban network dispatching platform ensures that the scheme number is not repeated within the same control cycle.

[0071] Subsequently, the urban grid dispatching platform combines and encapsulates the scheme number with the equipment code of each switch and the corresponding predetermined action sequence, and sends it to the field terminal equipment through a pre-configured communication link. The terminal equipment refers to the control unit and actuator installed on the circuit breaker, switch or distribution transformer. The control unit can receive the switch operation instructions from the urban grid dispatching platform and drive the actuator to complete the opening and closing operation.

[0072] The communication link can be a dedicated fiber optic cable, a private wireless network, or a hardened power communication network, requiring reliable transmission of operation commands and execution feedback within a set timeframe during the control cycle. After executing each switching action, the terminal equipment sends an execution confirmation message containing the scheme number and equipment code back to the urban grid dispatching platform. Upon receiving the confirmation message, the urban grid dispatching platform registers the completed switching actions item by item in its internal execution record according to the scheme number and equipment code. When a duplicate scheme number is detected, the action under that scheme number is not executed or registered repeatedly according to the idempotency constraint rule to prevent multiple operations caused by communication retransmission or repeated calls.

[0073] For schemes involving multiple switching actions, the urban grid dispatching platform controls the switching actions sequentially according to a predetermined action order, prioritizing actions that need to be completed first. Subsequent actions are only sent after receiving confirmation of the previous action's execution or confirming within permissible limits that the previous action has not resulted in harmless failure. A maximum waiting time is set for each device. If no confirmation is received from a device within the set time, the urban grid dispatching platform handles the situation according to retry restriction rules, allowing for a limited number of retransmissions within a short time interval. When the number of retransmissions reaches the preset limit and no confirmation is received, subsequent actions are stopped from being sent to that device. The device code and corresponding scheme number are registered as an unexecuted record, and subsequent actions involving downstream devices in this scheme are suspended as appropriate to avoid the grid's operational status becoming uncontrollable if subsequent interruptions are implemented when critical positions fail to perform as expected.

[0074] Through the aforementioned unique constraint of scheme number, execution record registration, non-execution of duplicate schemes, and cessation of subsequent actions by failed equipment, the urban grid dispatching platform has formed a linkage dispatching capability with sequential control, retry restrictions, and idempotent constraints in actual operation and fault scenarios. This enables it to strictly enforce the mandatory protection branches and prohibited operation rules defined in the centralized supply guarantee linkage constraint when facing situations such as planned maintenance, power supply and demand tension, and fault alarms. At the same time, it can prioritize the operation mode and operation sequence that has the least impact on key power customers and meets the grid safety requirements from the set of feasible schemes.

[0075] Preferably, in an urban distribution network with a rated voltage of 10 kV, the urban grid dispatching platform can design the scheme number as an encoding format that includes a control cycle identifier and a sequence number, set the maximum waiting time for terminal equipment to execute confirmation to a certain number of seconds, and set the upper limit of the number of retry attempts for a key substation interconnection switch to a certain number of times. When a power supply and demand tension notice is issued during the peak summer season, the urban grid dispatching platform generates several candidate load control combinations based on the dispatching rule base. It then eliminates schemes involving hospital branches with rigid supply guarantee levels through the supply guarantee linkage constraint set, and selects the scheme with the least impact on rail transit stations and water supply facilities through the sorting of dispatching impact factors and issues it to the terminal equipment for execution. After the control cycle ends, the execution records and fault statistics are compared, and it can be seen that the average power outage time of key power customers in the region using this method is significantly lower than that in the control region that does not use this method, thus indicating that the linkage dispatching capability has feasibility and obvious supply guarantee effect under actual working conditions.

[0076] S6. After execution, statistically analyze the electricity consumption results of key customers, compare them with the aforementioned risk index and stress index, adjust the risk parameters based on the deviation, and update the linkage level, constraint set, and scheduling impact factor. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0077] Based on the implementation and status reporting of the aforementioned operation mode adjustment, load control, and fault handling schemes on-site, the urban grid dispatching platform sets up an observation window in the system to continuously evaluate the linkage dispatching effect so that the power safety risk assessment and supply guarantee linkage strategy for key power customers can be gradually corrected according to the on-site performance. The observation window refers to the time interval for comprehensive examination of several continuous control cycles with natural days, natural weeks, or time periods agreed upon by the operating unit as boundaries. It is used to evaluate the consistency between the power consumption of key power customers and the aforementioned key customer power safety risk index and supply guarantee pressure index within the time interval from the result side.

[0078] At the end of each observation window, the urban power grid dispatch platform collects the voltage measurement values ​​and outage records of key power customers from the power information acquisition system for each control cycle within the window. Based on this, it calculates the voltage quality, number of outages, and duration of outages for each key power customer within the observation window. Voltage quality can be characterized by counting the number of voltage over-limits, the cumulative time of voltage deviation from the rated range, and the percentage of voltages in the high-quality voltage range. At the same time, the urban power grid dispatch platform collects complaint records related to key power customers from the customer service system. The complaint records include at least the complaint time, complaint type, description of the power quality or outage problem involved in the complaint, and the handling result, which are used to reflect the key power customers' subjective feelings about the power supply service and their feedback on abnormal events.

[0079] The city grid dispatch platform compiles the statistical results obtained from the power information collection system and customer service system into a unified electricity consumption result. The electricity consumption result refers to the comprehensive performance of key power customers in terms of voltage quality, number of power outages, duration of power outages, and complaint situation within an observation window. The electricity consumption result is indexed by the key power customer identifier and is associated with the key customer electricity safety risk index and supply pressure index obtained by accumulating or averaging according to the control cycle within the same observation window.

[0080] To assess the consistency between the current risk parameter configuration and actual operational performance, the urban power grid dispatch platform compares each key power customer and its supply chain within the observation window. When it is found that a certain risk component is assessed as low in multiple consecutive observation windows, that is, the power safety risk index of the corresponding key customer is in a low range for a long time, and the same batch of key power customers still show a large number of power outages, long power outage durations, or a large number of complaints due to voltage quality problems in the power consumption results, the urban power grid dispatch platform judges this situation as the risk component weight being too low or the threshold setting being too wide, which easily leads to the risk index being insensitive to actual problems.

[0081] In response to the above situation, when the urban grid dispatch platform formulates the next version of risk parameter configuration, it will increase the weight corresponding to the risk component or appropriately tighten the corresponding threshold range, so that the key customer's electricity safety risk index can enter the medium-to-high risk range earlier under the same electricity consumption behavior, thereby improving the supply guarantee level of such key power customers or supply guarantee links in the subsequent supply guarantee linkage level classification.

[0082] Conversely, if it is found that the supply pressure index of a certain type of supply guarantee link remains at a high level for a long period of time in multiple consecutive observation windows, resulting in the implementation of strict supply guarantee linkage constraints on a large scale, while the actual power consumption results show that this type of supply guarantee link has hardly experienced any failures in the observation window, and the number of power outages and the duration of power outages for key power customers are significantly lower than the assessment standards of the operating unit, the urban grid dispatch platform will judge this situation as having an excessively high pressure component weight or a too-tight threshold setting, which will cause unnecessary operational constraints and resource occupation. For this type of supply guarantee link, the weight of the corresponding pressure component will be appropriately reduced or some thresholds will be relaxed in the risk parameter configuration of the next version, so that the supply pressure index can more accurately reflect the actual tension of the supply guarantee link.

[0083] While adjusting the risk component weights and thresholds, the urban power grid dispatch platform simultaneously updates the supply guarantee linkage level, supply guarantee linkage constraint set, and dispatch influencing factors associated with the power consumption safety risk index and supply guarantee pressure index of key power customers. The adjusted weights, thresholds, and hierarchical rule combinations constitute a new parameter version, and the adjusted supply guarantee linkage constraint set and dispatch influencing factors constitute a new rule version. A correspondence is established between the parameter version and the rule version and they are uniformly recorded in the read-only log. The recorded content includes at least the old version identifier, the new version identifier, the inheritance relationship between versions, an overview of the reason for the adjustment, the effective time, and the job information of the position that proposed the adjustment.

[0084] To ensure that the above adjustments do not exceed safety and compliance boundaries, the urban power grid dispatch platform pre-configures the voltage quality assessment standards and outage duration limits for key power customers as safety and compliance boundaries before generating new parameter and rule versions. When adjusting weights and thresholds, the platform compares the voltage quality indicators, outage frequency, and outage duration of various key power customers in the electricity consumption results. If the proposed adjustment may cause key power customers to exceed the prescribed outage duration limit or have voltage quality indicators lower than the assessment standards under the most unfavorable operating conditions, the urban power grid dispatch platform will not adopt the adjustment plan and will record the rejected adjustment suggestion in a read-only log as the basis for subsequent manual review.

[0085] The newly generated parameter and rule versions will take effect at the start of the next control cycle through the version management service interface provided by the urban grid dispatch platform. The version management service interface can receive activation requests for specified parameter version identifiers and rule version identifiers. After security verification, the parameters and supply guarantee linkage constraint rules under these version identifiers will be loaded as the currently effective configuration. This will ensure that the calculation of the key customer electricity safety risk index, the calculation of the supply guarantee pressure index, the classification of supply guarantee linkage levels, the generation of supply guarantee linkage constraint sets, and the execution of linkage dispatch will all run based on the same set of versions in subsequent control cycles.

[0086] Preferably, in a city distribution network with a rated voltage of 10 kV, the operating unit can set the observation window to a calendar month, set the voltage quality assessment standard to a voltage over-limit time ratio not exceeding a certain percentage, and set the upper limit for power outage duration for key power customers to not exceed a certain number of minutes per month. Over several consecutive months of operation, if a data center's power consumption results within each observation window show that the number of power outages and the duration of outages are close to the assessment upper limit, while the corresponding key customer power safety risk index remains in the low range for an extended period, then the city grid dispatch platform, when generating a new parameter version, increases the risk component weight related to the number of short-term power outages and the duration of outages, thus ensuring that, under the same power consumption behavior, the key customer power safety risk index of the data center remains in the low range. As the household electricity safety risk index rises and enters the medium-to-high risk zone, the corresponding supply guarantee linkage level is adjusted from a constrained supply guarantee level to a priority supply guarantee level. This guides subsequent adjustments to the operation mode and fault handling plan to give higher priority to the power supply branch of the data center. At the same time, for a supply guarantee link that has been operating stably for a long time, has very few faults, and whose outage duration for critical power customers is far below the prescribed limit, the weight of its supply guarantee pressure-related components is appropriately reduced to reduce overly conservative constraints on the link. Through the above continuous correction process, the linkage scheduling strategy gradually converges with the actual operation performance within the safety and compliance boundary. Based on this, engineers in this field can implement parameter adaptive adjustment and evidence chain recording mechanisms within the urban grid dispatching platform.

[0087] In the operational scenario illustrated in this embodiment: In an urban distribution network with a rated voltage of 10 kV, the control center deploys an urban grid dispatching platform, connecting to the distribution geographic information system, power information acquisition system, distribution automation system, electricity inspection system, anti-electricity theft system, and customer service system. The operating unit registers three large hospitals, one rail transit station, one urban water supply pumping station, and one data center as key electricity customers in the customer file system, generating a list of key electricity customers. Under the currently effective equipment topology version, the urban grid dispatching platform, based on the equipment codes and topology relationships in the distribution geographic information system, traces upwards from the distribution transformer corresponding to the metering point of each key electricity customer to the substation outgoing circuit breaker, identifying multiple power supply links including substation outgoing circuit breakers, feeder switches, branch switches, ring main unit switches, and distribution transformers. Paths with strong power supply capacity and high operational reliability are selected as primary power supply links, while other paths are registered as backup power supply links. A corresponding power supply link model is generated for each key electricity customer, configuring the power supply link model version identifier and generation time, and written to a read-only log for subsequent calls and traceability.

[0088] After the city's power distribution network was put into operation, the city grid dispatch platform selected a satellite time synchronization device installed in the control center as the unified time source to provide a unified time signal for the distribution automation system, power information acquisition system, electricity consumption inspection system, and anti-electricity theft system. The timestamp accuracy was set to the second level, and the fixed control cycle was set to five minutes. Within each control cycle, the city grid dispatch platform uses the key power customer identifier and the supply link identifier as indexes to obtain the voltage, load, and power factor measurements of each key power customer from the power information acquisition system according to a predetermined rhythm. At the same time, it obtains the opening status, current, over-limit markings, and protection action records of circuit breakers, switches, and distribution transformers on the corresponding supply links from the distribution automation system, the hidden danger records and rectification status issued for hospitals, rail transit stations, and water supply pumping stations from the electricity consumption inspection system, and the metering anomaly records and suspicious electricity consumption records involving data centers and some commercial users from the anti-electricity theft system. The city grid dispatching platform defines the time synchronization range according to the start and end times of the control cycle. Records outside the time synchronization range are uniformly removed or marked as not participating in the judgment of this cycle. Time slices with missing measurement values ​​are supplemented by the most recent reliable record. Measurement values ​​that exceed the equipment range are marked as invalid and no longer participate in the calculation. Finally, a risk feature set classified by key power customer identifier and supply link identifier is formed in each control cycle, written into the risk feature database, and the ability to retrieve the risk feature set by customer identifier and control cycle identifier is provided to the outside world through the service interface.

[0089] During the prolonged period of high summer temperatures, urban electricity load gradually increases, with a significant increase in hospital air conditioning power consumption. Rail transit stations and data centers experience prolonged periods of near-maximum load, and some branch lines repeatedly trigger low voltage alarms. Based on a risk characteristic database, the urban power grid dispatch platform calculates the voltage deviation duration, overload duration, number of short-term power outages, number of unrectified hidden dangers, and severity of suspicious power consumption records for each key power customer on a periodic basis. These quantities are normalized as risk components and then weighted according to the current parameter version to calculate a key customer electricity safety risk index. Simultaneously, at the supply chain level, the number of key power customers, transformer load factor, reserve capacity, and historical fault frequency on the supply chain are statistically analyzed and normalized as pressure components to calculate a supply pressure index. For hospitals that repeatedly experience voltage exceedances and overload operations during high temperatures and still have unrectified hidden dangers, the key customer electricity safety risk index rises and approaches the high-risk threshold. For the supply chain where water pump stations are located, the supply pressure index approaches the high-pressure threshold when rail transit stations and data centers are simultaneously operational. Based on the threshold combination relationships in the parameter database, the urban network dispatch platform classifies the aforementioned hospitals and water supply pumping stations into rigid supply guarantee levels, rail transit stations and data centers into priority supply guarantee levels, and some commercial users with relatively small loads into constrainable supply guarantee levels. The platform also records the parameter version identifiers, control cycle identifiers, and power supply link model version identifiers corresponding to the risk index, pressure index, and supply guarantee linkage level in the read-only log.

[0090] After completing the classification of power supply linkage levels, the urban grid dispatch platform generates power supply linkage constraint sets and dispatching influencing factors for each circuit breaker, switch, and distribution transformer, using the power supply link as the unit. For power supply branches directly supplying hospitals and water pumping stations, the urban grid dispatch platform registers them as mandatory protection branches and marks switch action groups that would cause these branches to lose power for extended periods during high temperatures and for which no backup power supply path has been established as prohibited operations. For branches supplying power to rail transit stations and data centers, the urban grid dispatch platform, based on reserve capacity and historical load fluctuations, configures the allowable transfer range and allowable disconnection time, and registers them as transfer restriction rules. The operating unit sets customer importance levels based on the importance of hospitals, water supply pumping stations, rail transit stations, and data centers in urban operations. The city network dispatch platform combines the customer importance level and the supply guarantee linkage level to form a dispatching influence factor. Higher values ​​correspond to hospitals and water supply pumping stations, while slightly lower values ​​correspond to rail transit stations and data centers. The supply guarantee linkage constraint set and dispatching influence factor are stored in the dispatching rule base using the supply guarantee link identifier and equipment code as the retrieval key. The rule set version is locked synchronously with the risk parameter version that is currently in effect and recorded in the read-only log.

[0091] During a peak summer evening, the power supply and demand situation tightened further, prompting the control center to issue a peak-shaving notice. Simultaneously, a line fault alarm occurred in a certain power supply zone. Upon receiving the power supply and demand tension notice and the fault alarm, the urban grid dispatch platform used the current control cycle identifier and the identifiers of the relevant supply guarantee links as search criteria. It retrieved the corresponding supply guarantee linkage constraint set and dispatch influencing factors from the dispatch rule base, generating several candidate operation mode adjustment schemes and candidate load control combinations. Some candidate schemes alleviated the pressure on heavily loaded lines by cutting off some commercial loads and adjusting the status of ring network interconnection switches, while others attempted to temporarily reduce the load on rail transit stations or transfer data center loads. The urban grid dispatch platform first conducted a hard screening based on mandatory branch lines and prohibited operations, eliminating all schemes involving prolonged power outages of hospital power supply branches and switch combinations violating prohibited operation rules. Then, based on the transfer restriction rules, it checked the impact of each candidate scheme on key power customers with priority supply levels, eliminating schemes that would cause rail transit stations or data centers to be offline for longer than the allowed offline time or whose transferred load ratio exceeded the set range. For candidate schemes selected through hard constraints, the urban grid dispatching platform calls the dispatching impact factor to weight and summarize the impact of each scheme on different power supply links and key power customers. Under the premise of ensuring grid safety and not exceeding equipment capacity boundaries, the schemes that have the least impact on hospitals and water pumping stations and can restore normal power supply to rail transit stations and some commercial users in a short time are ranked first. The top-ranked scheme is selected as the scheme to be executed in the linkage dispatching within this control cycle. A unique scheme number is generated for the scheme, and the scheme number is combined and encapsulated with the switch equipment code and the predetermined action sequence, and then sent to the field terminal equipment through the power communication network. The on-site terminal equipment completes switching actions such as disconnecting branch lines for some commercial users, opening and closing ring network interconnection switches, and activating backup power supply paths in a predetermined sequence. After each action, it sends an execution confirmation message with the scheme number and equipment code to the urban grid dispatch platform. If the urban grid dispatch platform does not receive confirmation from individual equipment within the allowed waiting time, it will resend and stop subsequent actions according to the retry restriction rules to ensure that downstream disconnection is not blindly executed when key equipment does not act as expected. The entire linkage process is completed within one control cycle. The hospital and water supply pumping station maintain power supply throughout the process. The rail transit station temporarily reduces some load and then resumes normal operation. Commercial users assume part of the peak shaving responsibility.

[0092] After the summer peak season ends, the operating unit sets the observation window to a calendar month. At the end of each observation window, the urban grid dispatch platform collects statistics on voltage quality, number of outages, and duration of outages from the power information collection system for each key power customer, and collects complaint records from the customer service system for hospitals, rail transit stations, water pumping stations, and data centers. This data forms the electricity consumption results, which are then compared with the key customer electricity safety risk index and supply pressure index accumulated over the control cycle within the same observation window. The comparison results show that the voltage quality of many hospitals and water pumping stations remained within the assessment standards during the observation window, and the number of outages and the duration of outages were far below the upper limit of the allowable outage duration for key power customers, consistent with the overall high-risk index and high supply pressure index. Although some commercial users participated in load control multiple times during peak shaving, the outage duration in the electricity consumption results was still within an acceptable range. On the other hand, the urban power grid dispatch platform discovered that a certain data center repeatedly approached the upper limit of power outage duration assessment within multiple consecutive observation windows, while the corresponding key customer's power safety risk index remained in the low to medium range for an extended period. Therefore, when developing a new parameter version, the weight of the risk components related to the number of short-term power outages and their duration on the data center side was increased. This caused it to enter the medium to high risk range earlier under similar power consumption behaviors, and the corresponding supply guarantee linkage level was adjusted from a constrained supply guarantee level to a priority supply guarantee level. Simultaneously, the supply guarantee linkage constraint set and scheduling influencing factors for the data center's supply guarantee link in the dispatch rule base were updated. The urban power grid dispatch platform activates the new parameter and rule versions at the start of the next control cycle through the version management service interface, writing the version identifier, adjustment reason, and effective time to a read-only log. When similar scenarios recur during subsequent peak summer periods, the platform can protect the data center's power supply with higher priority without exceeding national regulations on voltage quality and key power customer outage duration requirements. This establishes a deployable, traceable, and progressively convergent urban power grid key power customer power safety and supply guarantee linkage dispatch operation mechanism in the actual urban power distribution network.

[0093] All calculations involved in the embodiments are dimensionless numerical calculations, and the preset parameters and thresholds in the calculations are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0094] It should be noted that this invention can be deployed on the device itself to realize embedded applications, or it can run on a PC or other terminal with a user interface, thereby meeting various hardware environments and usage requirements.

[0095] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wireless or wired transmission; wired transmission methods include optical fiber, twisted pair, coaxial cable, etc.; wireless transmission includes infrared, microwave, etc. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center containing one or more sets of available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. A semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0096] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and modules described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0097] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or modules may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0098] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0099] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0100] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0101] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0102] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated dispatching of power supply security and guarantee for key urban power customers, characterized in that, include: S1. Construct a power supply link model that includes power distribution equipment and key power customers on the urban power grid dispatch platform, and bind key customers to the corresponding power supply links; S2. Set a unified time synchronization and cycle, collect key customer power information, connect to obtain the equipment status, power consumption inspection information and anti-electricity theft information of the corresponding power supply link, and summarize them to form risk characteristics. S3. Calculate the power safety risk index of key customers based on risk characteristics, and calculate the supply pressure index in combination with the number of key customers and load factor of the supply guarantee link, and determine the supply guarantee linkage level accordingly. S4. Based on the power safety risk index, supply pressure index and supply linkage level, generate a supply linkage constraint set and scheduling influence factor for the supply link equipment, so that the scheduling calculation is subject to the supply linkage constraint; S5. In operation and fault scenarios, the scheduling platform solves the operation mode, load control and fault handling scheme based on the constraint set and scheduling influence factor, and issues operation instructions to the terminal equipment. S6. After execution, statistical analysis of key customer electricity consumption results is performed and compared with the aforementioned risk index and stress index. Based on the deviation, risk parameters are adjusted, and linkage levels, constraint sets, and scheduling impact factors are updated.

2. The method for coordinated dispatching of power supply security and guarantee for key urban power customers according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 includes: connecting the urban power grid dispatch platform with the distribution geographic information system, the power information collection system, and the customer file system; configuring equipment codes for primary equipment and distribution transformers in the distribution network, with equipment codes including voltage level, substation name, feeder number, and equipment sequence number segment; the urban power grid dispatch platform, based on the list of key power customers, metering point number, and the identifier of the distribution transformer to which the metering point belongs, tracing upwards along the topology from the equipment code of the distribution transformer to the outgoing circuit breaker of the substation to form a power supply link; registering the power supply link as a key power customer guarantee link, setting the main guarantee link attribute and the backup guarantee link attribute in the guarantee link, generating a power supply link model with a model version identifier, and writing the model version identifier to a read-only log.

3. The method for coordinated dispatching of power supply security and guarantee for key urban power customers according to claim 2, characterized in that, S2 includes: The city network dispatch platform is equipped with a unified time source and a fixed control cycle; Within each fixed control cycle, timestamped measurement records and event records are obtained from the power information acquisition system, distribution automation system, power consumption inspection system, and anti-electricity theft system according to the key power customer identifier and the power supply link identifier. Within the time synchronization range, the records are filtered, time-aligned, missing data is filled in, and invalid measurements are removed to form a risk feature set divided according to the control cycle.

4. The method for coordinated dispatching of power supply security and guarantee for key urban power customers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The urban power grid dispatching platform establishes a risk feature database based on risk feature sets, storing risk feature sets according to key power customer identifiers, supply link identifiers, and control cycle identifiers; It also sets up a service interface that, upon receiving a request containing key power customer identifiers and control cycle identifiers, returns the corresponding risk feature set and status flag from the risk feature database. Return an error flag and write the error flag to a read-only log under conditions of missing field or time out of bounds.

5. The method for coordinated dispatching of power supply security and guarantee for key urban power customers according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 includes: the city grid dispatching platform retrieves a set of risk features indexed by key power customer identifiers and supply guarantee link identifiers from the risk feature database; statistically analyzes voltage deviation duration, overload operation duration, number of short-term power outages, number of unrectified hidden dangers, and severity of suspicious electricity consumption records as risk components; and performs normalized weighted processing on the risk components and pressure components according to the range boundaries and weights in the parameter database to obtain the key power customer electricity safety risk index and supply guarantee pressure index, and classifies rigid supply guarantee level, priority supply guarantee level, and constrainable supply guarantee level according to the threshold combination relationship.

6. The method for coordinated dispatching of power supply security and guarantee for key urban power customers according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 includes: After the power safety risk index, supply pressure index and supply linkage level of key power customers are determined, the urban grid dispatching platform generates a supply linkage constraint set and dispatching influence factor according to the supply link; the supply linkage constraint set sets a mandatory branch mark for the power supply branches corresponding to key power customers with rigid supply level, and generates transfer restriction rules for the supply links of key power customers with priority supply level; the dispatching influence factor is calculated based on the importance of key power customers and the supply linkage level, and the dispatching influence factor and the supply link identifier are stored in the dispatching rule base.

7. The method for coordinated dispatching of power supply security and guarantee for key urban power customers according to claim 1, characterized in that, S5 includes: When the urban grid dispatching platform receives a planned maintenance application, a power supply and demand tension notification, or a fault alarm, it retrieves the supply guarantee linkage constraint set and dispatching influence factors from the dispatching rule base; it eliminates candidate operating modes, load control combinations, and fault isolation and recovery operation sequences according to the prohibition operation, mandatory branch protection, and transfer restriction rules in the supply guarantee linkage constraint set; it sorts the candidate schemes according to the dispatching influence factors, generates switching operation instructions with scheme numbers and switching action sequences, sends them to the terminal equipment through the communication link, and registers the execution record according to the scheme number based on the idempotent constraint rules.

8. A method for coordinated dispatching of power supply security and guarantee for key urban power customers according to claim 1, characterized in that, S6 include: When the urban power grid dispatching platform receives a planned maintenance application, a power supply and demand tension notification, or a fault alarm, it searches the dispatching rule base using the control cycle identifier and the supply guarantee link identifier, retrieves the supply guarantee linkage constraint set and dispatching influencing factors, and verifies the candidate operating modes, load control combinations, and fault isolation and recovery operation sequences according to the prohibited operation, mandatory branch protection, and transfer restriction rules in the supply guarantee linkage constraint set, eliminating candidate schemes that violate the supply guarantee linkage constraint set.

9. A method for coordinated dispatching of electricity consumption safety and supply guarantee for key urban power customers according to claim 8, characterized in that: The urban grid dispatching platform sorts the candidate operating modes, load control combinations, and fault isolation and recovery operation sequences that have passed the verification according to the scheduling impact factors, and determines the proposed execution plan under the condition of meeting the grid safety and equipment capacity boundaries. The switching actions of the proposed scheme are organized into a switching action sequence, and a switching operation instruction with a scheme number and a switching action sequence is generated. This instruction is then sent to the terminal device through the communication link, and the execution record is registered according to the scheme number based on the idempotency constraint rule.

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