High-aggregation charge loss prevention type ion release head and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-aggregation charge loss prevention type ion release head and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of air purification and electrostatic prevention, the high-aggregation charge loss prevention type ion release head comprises an outer shell, an acoustic focusing tuning assembly and an acoustic driving ion generation assembly, the acoustic focusing tuning assembly and the acoustic driving ion generation assembly are arranged in the outer shell, and the acoustic focusing tuning assembly and the acoustic driving ion generation assembly are arranged in the outer shell. The acoustic focusing tuning assembly comprises a cavity, an acoustic metamaterial lining, an adjusting piston, five inclined push rods, five push blocks, five aperture blades, a grounding ring and an ion current detection probe, and a set of complete charge loss prevention mechanism is constructed through the synergistic effect of the acoustic focusing tuning assembly and the acoustic driving ion generation assembly. Efficient, stable and self-adaptive control of the whole process of ions from generation, focusing to remote transportation is achieved, and the method is specifically embodied in that the ionization process is strictly limited in a specific area through a symmetric electric field constraint unit formed by a spray point and a grounding ring, and disordered diffusion and neutralization of the ions in the initial stage of generation are effectively prevented.

Description

High-aggregation anti-charge loss type ion release head and its usage method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air purification and static electricity control technology, specifically to a high-aggregation anti-charge loss type ion release head and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] The high-aggregation anti-charge loss type ion release head is one of the core devices in the field of static electricity elimination and air purification. Its performance is directly related to the effectiveness of various applications such as industrial static electricity neutralization, environmental particulate matter purification and microbial disinfection. The core objective of this device is to generate a dense and stable ion flow and deliver it to the target area efficiently and with low loss, thereby achieving rapid and reliable static electricity neutralization and air purification.

[0003] In applications highly sensitive to air quality and static electricity, such as semiconductor manufacturing, data centers, high-end cleanrooms, and biomedical disinfection, unprecedentedly stringent requirements are placed on the high concentration, directional long-range delivery capability, and charge loss prevention performance of ion beams. However, current mainstream technologies largely rely on a static combination of a high-voltage electrostatic field and fixed-structure electrodes, passively releasing ions through preset parameters. This traditional approach suffers from several inherent physical defects, leading to severe charge loss and low efficiency. Firstly, after ions are generated in the corona discharge region, they diffuse outwards due to uneven electric field distribution, causing a significant decrease in the effective ion concentration at the source. Secondly, during long-range ion transport... During the process, collisions with a large number of molecules in the air trigger charge transfer and neutralization, causing a sharp decline in ion beam intensity; third, fluctuations in ambient temperature and air pressure alter the speed of sound and medium properties, leading to detuning of the sound wave transport efficiency that relies on a fixed resonant cavity; fourth, rigid structural systems cannot respond to dynamically changing working environments, resulting in energy transfer impedance mismatch and overall performance degradation; these structural defects are amplified dramatically in precision industrial environments and biomedical scenarios where stability requirements are extremely high; traditional solutions, due to their inability to adapt to the speed of sound drift and impedance mismatch caused by dynamic environmental parameters, result in an imbalance in energy supply between the high-efficiency generation requirements of the ionization region and the low-loss requirements of the transport region. The result is not only the exacerbation of ion neutralization annihilation and boundary layer charge loss, but also the potential for corona instability, leading to the uncontrollable generation of secondary pollution byproducts such as ozone and nitrogen oxides, which in turn reduces environmental quality. Referring to patent document CN200910027724.4, although charge loss is partially alleviated by optimizing the electrode structure, its overall structure remains rigid, and it generally suffers from insufficient environmental adaptability and a lack of dynamic real-time tuning capability. The contradiction between the lack of tuning capability and the mistuning of energy transfer in traditional structures creates a fundamental conflict between the demand for high-precision ion beam control and the capabilities of static systems. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a high-performance ion release technology that can achieve dynamic tuning, adapt to environmental changes, and effectively prevent charge loss throughout the entire process, in order to break through the current technical bottlenecks that are widely present in the fields of high-end air purification and electrostatic elimination.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a highly concentrated, charge-loss-resistant ion release head and its usage method to address the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly focused, charge-loss-resistant ion release head and its usage method to solve the problems of severe charge loss, poor environmental adaptability, and low long-distance transport efficiency in existing ion release technologies. Through the synergistic effect of the acoustic focusing tuning component and the acoustically driven ion generation component, efficient, stable, and adaptive control of the entire process of ion generation, focusing, and directional transport is achieved. This differs from the traditional extensive approach that relies on a single high-voltage electrostatic field, fixed electrode structure, and passive diffusion transport, making the ion release process more stable, efficient, safe, and adaptive.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-aggregation, anti-charge-loss type ion release head, comprising an outer shell, an acoustic focusing and tuning assembly, and an acoustically driven ion generating assembly. The acoustic focusing and tuning assembly and the acoustically driven ion generating assembly are respectively installed inside the outer shell. The acoustic focusing and tuning assembly includes a cavity, an acoustic metamaterial liner, an adjusting piston, five tilting push rods, five push blocks, five aperture blades, a grounding ring, and an ion current detection probe. The top of the cavity is designed as a conical transition section, and the cavity is used to generate and amplify sound waves of a specific frequency. The acoustic metamaterial liner is used to guide the sound waves within the cavity to converge towards the conical transition section at the top. The converged sound waves constitute an acoustic beam for directional ion transport, thereby reducing ion transport degradation. During the charge loss process, the adjusting piston is used to change the effective volume of the cavity. The five tilting push rods and five push blocks are used to convert the linear motion of the adjusting piston into the opening and closing motion of the five aperture blades, so as to coordinate the adjustment of the cavity volume and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conical transition section. The ion flow detection probe is used to monitor the ion concentration signal in real time. The acoustically driven ion generation component includes a brass backing, four piezoelectric ceramic plates, and a discharge needle. The brass backing and the four piezoelectric ceramic plates form a complete piezoelectric transducer, and the piezoelectric transducer is used to excite the air in the cavity to resonate. The discharge needle is used to form a symmetrical electric field with the grounding ring to confine the discharge region and to confine the ionization region, so as to form a confining electric field in the ionization region and prevent the diffusion of ions in the early stage of generation.

[0007] Preferably, the inner surface of the cylindrical section of the cavity is connected to the outer surface of the acoustic metamaterial liner, and the outer surface of the cavity is connected to the inner surface of the outer shell. A mounting plate is connected to the inner surface of the cavity. A lead screw drive assembly is installed on one side of the outer wall of the mounting plate, and the lead screw drive assembly is used to provide linear driving force. A slider is movably connected to the outer surface of the lead screw drive assembly. A drive shaft is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the slider, and the inside of the drive shaft is designed as a hollow structure. A guide sleeve is fitted to the outer surface of the drive shaft with clearance, and the two sides of the outer wall of the guide sleeve are connected to the inner surface of the cavity.

[0008] Preferably, a flange is fixedly connected to the top of the drive shaft, and the top of the flange is bolted to the bottom of the adjusting piston. A medical silicone rubber O-ring is embedded on the outer surface of the adjusting piston. Five fixing plates are arranged in a ring on the top of the adjusting piston. A connecting seat is connected to the top of each of the five fixing plates. Rotating rods pass through both sides of the outer wall of each of the five connecting seats. The outer surface of each of the five rotating rods is rotatably connected to a corresponding inclined push rod. A thrust seat is fixedly connected to the top of each of the five inclined push rods.

[0009] Preferably, each of the five thrust seats is connected to a set of solid rods at its top, and rollers are fitted on the outer surface of each of the five sets of solid rods. Push blocks are fixedly connected to the top of each of the five sets of solid rods, and upper teeth are opened on the top of each of the five push blocks. An annular fixing member is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the cavity. The bottom of the annular fixing member is movably connected to the top of the five aperture blades, and the five aperture blades are used to change the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conical transition section. A connecting rod is connected to the bottom of each of the five aperture blades.

[0010] Preferably, the tops of the five connecting rods are connected to a rotating ring by a pin, and the bottom of the rotating ring has five sets of lower teeth, and the bottom of each of the five sets of lower teeth is engaged with the upper teeth on the top of a corresponding push block. An annular frame is fixedly connected between the inner surfaces of the cavity, and the bottom of the annular frame is connected to the top of the grounding ring. Five guide grooves are opened through the bottom of the annular frame, and sliding grooves are symmetrically opened on both sides of the inner wall of the five guide grooves.

[0011] Preferably, the inner surface of each pair of grooves is rolledly connected to the outer surface of a corresponding set of rollers. The top of the annular fastener is bolted to a support frame, and the support frame is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the ion flow detection probe. An environmental sensor is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the support frame. The environmental sensor is used to collect temperature and air pressure signals in real time. A displacement sensor is fixedly installed on the top of the adjusting piston.

[0012] Preferably, the acoustically driven ion generating assembly further includes an end cap, a miniature high-voltage generator, and an energy control module. The outer surface of the end cap is connected to the inner surface of the cavity. The bottom of the cavity is connected to the top of a brass backing, which is used to suppress non-resonant vibrations. The bottom of the brass backing is connected to the top of four piezoelectric ceramic sheets, which are used to efficiently convert electrical energy into directional mechanical vibrations through the inverse piezoelectric effect.

[0013] Preferably, a first limiting sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the end cap, and an insulating sleeve is connected between the inner surfaces of the first limiting sleeve, and the insulating sleeve is used to guide and constrain the high voltage electric field.

[0014] Preferably, the inner surface of the insulating sleeve is connected to the outer surface of the discharge needle, the outer surface of the discharge needle is fitted with a second limiting sleeve, one side of the outer wall of the micro high voltage generator is connected to the inner surface of the cavity, and the micro high voltage generator is used to provide stable and controllable ionization energy for the discharge needle. One side of the outer wall of the energy control module is connected to the outer surface of the outer shell, and the energy control module is used to drive the piezoelectric ceramic sheet and coordinately adjust the piston position according to the sensor feedback signal to excite and maintain the optimal acoustic resonance state in the cavity.

[0015] The method of using a high-aggregation anti-charge loss type ion release head includes the following steps: Step 1: Turn on the device power supply. The energy control module and micro high-voltage generator in the acoustic drive ion generation component start working. The environmental sensor collects the current ambient temperature and air pressure data in real time. The ion flow detection probe monitors the initial ion concentration. The main controller establishes the initial benchmark for environment and output performance based on these data. Step 2: The energy control module drives the piezoelectric ceramic sheet to excite the cavity to generate acoustic resonance. At the same time, the main controller calculates the required resonance frequency compensation based on the feedback signal from the environmental sensor and instructs the lead screw drive component to push the adjusting piston to the predetermined position. The linear movement of the piston synchronously drives the aperture blades to open and close through the mechanical linkage mechanism, thereby realizing the coordinated adjustment of the cavity volume and the neck outlet aperture until the feedback signal from the ion flow detection probe indicates that the system resonance frequency has reached and locked at the optimal operating point. Step 3: In After the acoustic resonance reaches its optimal state, the miniature high-voltage generator applies a precisely controlled pulsed high voltage to the discharge needle, causing it to generate a stable corona discharge within the symmetrical electric field confined by the grounding ring. This confines the ionization region, prevents ion diffusion, and generates high-concentration ions. The generated ions are then carried by the directional acoustic beam formed by the acoustic focusing and tuning component, achieving efficient and low-loss remote directional transport. Step four: During ion release, the ion current detection probe continuously monitors the intensity of the output ion beam, and the environmental sensor continuously tracks changes in environmental parameters. The main controller compares the monitoring data with the reference value and dynamically fine-tunes the piston position of the lead screw drive component and the drive parameters of the energy control module through a closed-loop control algorithm. This dynamically matches the acoustic resonance state, ionization intensity, and ion transport efficiency, ensuring that the ion release head continuously and stably outputs a highly focused ion beam with low charge loss under dynamic conditions.

[0016] A charge loss prevention system includes: a symmetrical electric field confinement unit, consisting of a discharge needle and a grounding ring, used to form a symmetrical electric field in the ionization region to confine ion diffusion and prevent initial charge loss; an acoustic wave directional transport unit, consisting of an acoustic metamaterial liner and a conical transition section, used to form a directional acoustic beam to entrain and transport ions, reducing charge transfer along the way; and a real-time feedback control unit, consisting of an ion flow detection probe, an environmental sensor, and a main controller, used to receive environmental and ion flow signals, and dynamically adjust the acoustic resonance state and ionization process by controlling the position of the regulating piston and the parameters of the energy control module to maintain a high ion aggregation state and suppress charge loss.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In this invention, through the synergistic effect of the acoustic focusing tuning component and the acoustically driven ion generating component 300, a complete adaptive anti-charge loss mechanism is constructed, encompassing ion generation, focusing, and remote directional transport. Its core advantages are as follows: The symmetrical electric field constraint unit composed of the discharge needle and the grounding ring strictly confines the corona discharge process within an optimized spatial region, effectively preventing disordered diffusion and neutralization of ions in the early stages of generation, thereby increasing the effective ion concentration from the source and achieving active suppression of primary charge loss; Highly efficient and low-loss remote directional transport utilizes the acoustic metamaterial liner and the conical transition section to form a sound wave directional transport unit, generating and converging a directional acoustic beam to actively entrain and propel ion clusters; This method greatly reduces random collisions and charge transfer between ions and air molecules during transmission, achieving low-loss, high-aggregation, and precise remote delivery of ions; Excellent environmental adaptability and dynamic stability. Unlike traditional rigid solutions with fixed structures, this invention achieves excellent environmental adaptability and dynamic stability through the synergy of the adjusting piston, aperture blade linkage mechanism, and real-time feedback control unit. The system achieves synchronous and precise adjustment of the effective volume of the resonant cavity and the aperture of the outlet neck. Based on real-time feedback from the environmental sensor 229 and the ion flow detection probe 228, it performs millisecond-level dynamic compensation of the acoustic resonance frequency, ensuring that the sound wave transport efficiency remains locked at the optimal state under different operating conditions such as temperature and air pressure. This completely solves the performance degradation problem caused by environmental parameter perturbations in traditional solutions. It constitutes an intelligent closed-loop precision control system. The dynamic compensation of the acoustic focusing tuning component, the precise ionization of the acoustically driven ion generating component 300, and the multi-sensor feedback monitoring together form a complete closed-loop precision control system. Physically, this system realizes the synergistic effect of sound waves and ions. Functionally, it ensures precise matching of multi-level energy transfer from electrical energy and mechanical vibration energy to acoustic energy and ion kinetic energy. This invention fundamentally improves the core performance indicators of ion release equipment in air purification and static electricity elimination. Its technical solution enables the ion release head to provide more reliable, efficient, and adaptive solutions in various scenarios with stringent requirements for ion release quality, such as high-end air purification, precision static electricity elimination, and biomedical disinfection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the main structure of the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head of the present invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the cross-sectional structure of the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head of the present invention; Figure 3 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the acoustic focusing tuning component and the acoustic driving ion generating component in the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the acoustic focusing tuning component in the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the mounting plate, the lead screw driving component, and the slider in the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the rotating ring and the annular frame in the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the push block and the annular fixing component in the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the... Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the solid rod, roller, and push block in the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head of the present invention; Figure 10 is an enlarged perspective view of the structure at point A in Figure 3; Figure 11 is an enlarged perspective view of the structure at point B in Figure 5; Figure 12 is an enlarged perspective view of the structure at point C in Figure 5; Figure 13 is an enlarged perspective view of the structure at point D in Figure 6; Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the acoustically driven ion generating component in the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head of the present invention; Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the brass backing and piezoelectric ceramic sheet in the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head of the present invention; Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the first limiting sleeve, insulating sleeve, and discharge needle in the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 100, Outer shell; 200, Acoustic focusing and tuning assembly; 201, Cavity; 202, Acoustic metamaterial liner; 203, Mounting plate; 204, Screw drive assembly; 205, Slider; 206, Drive shaft; 207, Guide sleeve; 208, Flange; 209, Adjusting piston; 210, Medical silicone rubber O-ring; 211, Fixing plate; 212, Connecting seat; 213, Rotating rod; 214, Inclined push rod; 215, Thrust seat; 216, Solid rod; 217, Roller; 218, Push block; 219, Annular fixing component; 220. 221. Aperture blade; 222. Connecting rod; 223. Rotating ring; 224. Ring frame; 225. Grounding ring; 226. Guide groove; 227. Slide groove; 228. Support frame; 229. Ion flow detection probe; 230. Environmental sensor; 300. Displacement sensor; 301. Acoustic driven ion generation assembly; 302. End cap; 303. Brass backing; 304. Piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 305. First limiting sleeve; 306. Insulating sleeve; 307. Discharge needle; 308. Second limiting sleeve; 309. Miniature high voltage generator; 300. Energy control module. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] As shown in Figures 1-2, this embodiment discloses a high-aggregation anti-charge-loss type ion release head, including a housing 100, an acoustic focusing and tuning assembly 200, and an acoustically driven ion generating assembly 300. The acoustic focusing and tuning assembly 200 and the acoustically driven ion generating assembly 300 are respectively installed inside the housing 100. As shown in Figures 7 and 10-11, the acoustic focusing and tuning assembly 200 includes a cavity 201, an acoustic metamaterial liner 202, an adjusting piston 209, five tilting push rods 214, five push blocks 218, five aperture blades 220, a grounding ring 224, and an ion current detection probe 228. The top of the cavity 201 is set as a conical transition section, and the cavity 201 is used to generate and amplify sound waves of a specific frequency. The acoustic metamaterial liner 202 is used to guide the sound waves in the cavity 201 to converge towards the conical transition section at the top. The converged sound waves constitute an acoustic wave for directional ion transport. A beam current is used to reduce charge loss of ions during transmission. An adjusting piston 209 is used to change the effective volume of the cavity 201. Five tilting push rods 214 and five push blocks 218 are used to convert the linear motion of the adjusting piston 209 into the opening and closing motion of five aperture blades 220 to coordinately adjust the volume of the cavity 201 and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conical transition section. An ion flow detection probe 228 is used to monitor the ion concentration signal in real time. As shown in Figure 15, the acoustically driven ion generation component 300 includes a brass backing 302, four piezoelectric ceramic plates 303, and a discharge needle 306. The brass backing 302 and the four piezoelectric ceramic plates 303 form a complete piezoelectric transducer, and the piezoelectric transducer is used to excite the air in the cavity 201 to resonate. The discharge needle 306 is used to form a symmetrical electric field confinement discharge region with the grounding ring 224 to form a confinement electric field in the ionization region to prevent diffusion in the early stage of ion generation.

[0022] The high-performance ion release head described in this embodiment can be widely used in scenarios that are extremely sensitive to air quality and static electricity, such as semiconductor manufacturing, data centers, high-end cleanrooms, and biomedical disinfection. It places unprecedentedly stringent requirements on the high concentration of the ion beam, directional long-range delivery capability, and anti-charge loss performance. However, existing mainstream technologies mostly rely on a static combination of a high-voltage electrostatic field and fixed-structure electrodes to passively release ions through preset parameters. This traditional mode has several inherent physical defects, leading to severe charge loss and low efficiency. Firstly, after ions are generated in the corona discharge region, they diffuse outwards due to uneven electric field distribution, causing a significant decrease in the effective ion concentration at the source. Second, during long-distance transport, ions collide with a large number of molecules in the air, causing charge transfer and neutralization, resulting in a sharp decline in ion beam intensity. Third, fluctuations in ambient temperature and air pressure can change the speed of sound and the properties of the medium, leading to detuning of the sound wave transport efficiency that relies on a fixed resonant cavity. Fourth, rigid structural systems cannot respond to dynamically changing working environments, causing energy transfer impedance mismatch and overall performance degradation. These structural defects are amplified in precision industrial environments and biomedical scenarios where stability requirements are extremely high. Traditional solutions cannot adapt to the sound speed drift and impedance mismatch caused by dynamic environmental parameters, resulting in an imbalance in energy supply between the high-efficiency generation requirements of the ionization region and the low-loss requirements of the transport region. The result is not only the exacerbation of ion neutralization annihilation and boundary layer charge loss, but also the potential for corona instability, leading to the uncontrollable generation of secondary pollution byproducts such as ozone and nitrogen oxides, which in turn reduces environmental quality. Referring to patent document CN200910027724.4, although charge loss is partially alleviated by optimizing the electrode structure, its overall structure remains rigid, and it generally suffers from insufficient environmental adaptability and a lack of dynamic real-time tuning capability. The contradiction between the lack of tuning capability and the mistuning of energy transfer in traditional structures creates a fundamental conflict between the demand for high-precision ion beam control and the capabilities of static systems. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a high-performance ion release technology that can achieve dynamic tuning, adapt to environmental changes, and effectively prevent charge loss throughout the entire process, in order to break through the current technical bottlenecks that are widely present in the fields of high-end air purification and electrostatic elimination.

[0023] This embodiment addresses the problems of existing technologies by constructing a fully adaptive anti-charge loss mechanism that integrates ion generation, focusing, and remote directional transport through the synergistic effect of an acoustic focusing and tuning component and an acoustically driven ion generation component. Its core advantages are as follows: A symmetrical electric field constraint unit composed of a discharge needle 306 and a grounding ring 224 strictly confines the corona discharge process within an optimized spatial region, effectively preventing disordered diffusion and neutralization of ions in the early stages of generation, thereby increasing the effective ion concentration from the source and actively suppressing primary charge loss; Highly efficient and low-loss remote directional transport utilizes an acoustic wave directional transport unit composed of an acoustic metamaterial liner 202 and a conical transition section to generate and converge a directional acoustic beam, actively entraining and pushing ion clusters; This method greatly reduces random collisions and charge transfer between ions and air molecules during transport, achieving low-loss, high-aggregation, and precise remote ion delivery; Excellent environmental adaptability and dynamic stability, unlike traditional rigid fixed structures, this invention utilizes a linkage mechanism between the adjusting piston 209, the aperture blade 220, and a real-time feedback control unit. The synergy of the components enables synchronous and precise adjustment of the effective volume of the resonant cavity and the aperture of the outlet neck. Based on real-time feedback from environmental sensors and ion flow detection probes, the system provides millisecond-level dynamic compensation for the acoustic resonant frequency, ensuring that the acoustic wave transport efficiency remains optimal under varying temperatures and pressures. This completely solves the performance degradation problem caused by environmental parameter perturbations in traditional solutions. The system constitutes an intelligent closed-loop precision control system, where dynamic compensation of the acoustic focusing and tuning components, precise ionization of the acoustically driven ion generator, and multi-sensor feedback monitoring together form a complete closed-loop precision control system. Physically, this system achieves a synergistic effect between sound waves and ions, and functionally ensures precise matching of multi-level energy transfer from electrical energy and mechanical vibration energy to acoustic energy and ion kinetic energy. This invention fundamentally improves the core performance indicators of ion release devices in air purification and static electricity elimination. Its technical solution enables the ion release head to provide more reliable, efficient, and adaptive solutions in various scenarios with stringent requirements for ion release quality, such as high-end air purification, precision static electricity elimination, and biomedical disinfection.

[0024] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the inner surface of the cylindrical section of cavity 201 is connected to the outer surface of acoustic metamaterial liner 202, and the outer surface of cavity 201 is connected to the inner surface of outer shell 100. A mounting plate 203 is connected to the inner surface of cavity 201. A lead screw drive assembly 204 is installed on one side of the outer wall of mounting plate 203, and the lead screw drive assembly 204 is used to provide linear driving force. A slider 205 is movably connected to the outer surface of lead screw drive assembly 204. A drive shaft 206 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of slider 205. The inside of drive shaft 206 is designed as a hollow structure. A guide sleeve 207 is fitted with the outer surface of drive shaft 206 with clearance, and the two sides of the outer wall of guide sleeve 207 are connected to the inner surface of cavity 201.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, the cavity 201 is firstly formed by integral processing of 316L stainless steel. The inner surface of its cylindrical section is precision polished and tightly bonded to the outer surface of the acoustic metamaterial liner 202 with epoxy resin of high purity and high bonding strength, thereby ensuring lossless transmission of sound wave vibration. The acoustic metamaterial liner 202 is made of PEEK material with excellent acoustic performance and chemical stability. It is 3D printed into an arc-shaped sheet with a precision labyrinth-shaped microstructure, which can accurately guide the sound waves to converge towards the conical transition section. The outer surface of the cavity 201 is fixed to the inner surface of the outer shell 100 by flange 208 bolts. The outer shell 100 is made of lightweight and robust ABS engineering plastic, which provides reliable protection for the internal precision components and facilitates the integration and movement of the whole machine, adapting to various installation and use environments. Secondly, the mounting plate 203 welded to the inner surface of the cavity 201 is made of medical-grade aluminum alloy. The screw drive assembly 204 installed on one side of the outer wall of the mounting plate 203 is made of miniature precision ball screw, which can provide a smooth and accurate linear driving force. The slider 205 is fixed to the drive shaft 206 by key connection. Furthermore, the drive shaft 206 adopts a hollow structure design, which reduces weight and can accommodate the high-voltage cable of the discharge needle 306, avoiding cable entanglement and interference. At the same time, the guide sleeve 207 is made of medical-grade PTFE material, which is clearance-fitted with the drive shaft 206 to provide precise guidance for the drive shaft 206 and suppress radial wobble, thereby ensuring that the adjusting piston 209 moves smoothly along the axis of the cavity 201, laying a structural foundation for the subsequent synchronous tuning of volume and aperture.

[0026] As shown in Figures 4 and 8, a flange 208 is fixedly connected to the top of the drive shaft 206. The top of the flange 208 is bolted to the bottom of the adjusting piston 209. A medical silicone rubber O-ring 210 is embedded on the outer surface of the adjusting piston 209. Five fixing plates 211 are arranged in a ring on the top of the adjusting piston 209. A connecting seat 212 is connected to the top of each of the five fixing plates 211. Rotating rods 213 pass through both sides of the outer wall of each of the five connecting seats 212. The outer surface of each of the five rotating rods 213 is rotatably connected to a corresponding inclined push rod 214. A thrust seat 215 is fixedly connected to the top of each of the five inclined push rods 214.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, firstly, the flange 208 at the top of the drive shaft 206 is made of 316L stainless steel and is fastened to the bottom threaded hole of the adjusting piston 209 by four M3 bolts, which ensures connection strength and facilitates later disassembly and maintenance. The adjusting piston 209 is made of high-specification polytetrafluoroethylene, which combines wear resistance and sealing properties. A medical-grade silicone rubber O-ring 210 is embedded on the outer surface of the adjusting piston 209, which effectively seals the gap between the piston and the inner wall of the cavity 201, preventing air leakage inside the cavity 201, ensuring the stability of acoustic resonance, and avoiding sound energy loss due to air leakage. Secondly, the five fixing plates 211 at the top of the adjusting piston 209 are processed using laser cutting technology. The components are evenly distributed in a ring and welded to the top of the adjusting piston 209 to ensure balanced force distribution. The connecting seat 212 at the top of each fixing plate 211 is made of cast aluminum. The rotating rod 213 penetrating on both sides of the outer wall of the fixing plate 211 is made of medical-grade stainless steel with a nitrided surface to improve wear resistance. The rotating rod 213 and the tilting push rod 214 are fitted with a clearance to achieve flexible rotation and avoid movement jamming. The thrust seat 215 at the top of the tilting push rod 214 is made of medical-grade POM material and is welded to the tilting push rod 214. This allows the linear power of the adjusting piston 209 to be smoothly transmitted to subsequent components, thereby achieving efficient conversion of motion mode.

[0028] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, each of the five thrust seats 215 is connected to a set of solid rods 216 at its top. Rollers 217 are fitted on the outer surfaces of each of the five sets of solid rods 216. Push blocks 218 are fixedly connected to the top of each of the five sets of solid rods 216, and each of the five push blocks 218 has upper teeth on its top. Annular fasteners 219 are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the cavity 201. The bottom of the annular fasteners 219 is movably connected to the top of the five aperture blades 220. The five aperture blades 220 are used to change the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conical transition section. Each of the five aperture blades 220 is connected to a connecting rod 221 at its bottom.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, firstly, the solid rod 216 at the top of the thrust seat 215 is made of medical-grade stainless steel and is welded and fixed to the thrust seat 215. The roller 217 sleeved on the outer surface of the thrust seat 215 is made of medical-grade POM plastic and has a miniature bearing embedded inside, which can convert sliding friction into rolling friction, greatly reducing motion resistance and reducing component wear. The push block 218 at the top of the solid rod 216 is precision milled, and the upper teeth on the top can ensure precise meshing with the lower teeth of the rotating ring 222, realizing power transmission without idle stroke or slippage. Secondly, the annular fixing part welded to the inner wall of the cavity 201 219 is made of 316L stainless steel. The five aperture blades 220 are limited in movement by an annular step, which restricts the opening and closing range of the aperture blades 220 without affecting their rotational flexibility. Secondly, the aperture blades 220 are made of thin titanium alloy, which combines high strength and flexibility. The surface polishing treatment reduces the obstruction of sound waves. The connecting rod 221 at the bottom of each blade is made of medical-grade stainless steel and is hinged to the aperture blades 220 and the rotating ring 222 by a pin. This ensures the synchronous opening and closing of the aperture blades 220, makes the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conical transition section of the neck uniformly adjusted, avoids the ion flow output deviation, and ensures the directional delivery accuracy.

[0030] As shown in Figures 7 and 13, the tops of the five connecting rods 221 are connected to a rotating ring 222 by pins, and the bottom of the rotating ring 222 is provided with five sets of lower teeth, and the bottom of each of the five sets of lower teeth is engaged with the upper teeth on the top of a corresponding push block 218. The inner surfaces of the cavity 201 are fixedly connected to an annular frame 223, the bottom of the annular frame 223 is connected to the top of the grounding ring 224, and the bottom of the annular frame 223 is provided with five guide grooves 225, and the inner walls of the five guide grooves 225 are symmetrically provided with sliding grooves 226 on both sides.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the tops of the five connecting rods 221 are first hinged to the rotating ring 222 via pins. The rotating ring 222 is made of medical-grade aluminum alloy. Five sets of lower teeth are provided at the bottom of the rotating ring 222, which can mesh one-to-one with the upper teeth of the push blocks 218, ensuring that the power of the five push blocks 218 is synchronously transmitted to the rotating ring 222, thereby achieving synchronous linkage of the aperture blades 220. The annular frame 223 welded to the inner surface of the cavity 201 is made of 316L stainless steel, which not only provides a stable mounting carrier for the grounding ring 224, but also provides a precise movement trajectory for the roller 217 through the five guide grooves 225 provided at the bottom. The symmetrical grooves 226 on both sides of the inner wall are machined by wire cutting. The groove width is fully matched with the outer diameter of the roller 217, which can effectively constrain the movement direction of the roller 217 and prevent deviation. At the same time, the grounding ring 224 is made of 316L stainless steel and is fixed to the ring frame 223 by bolts. The grounding ring 224 and the discharge needle 306 form a symmetrical and concentrated electric field constraint. This structure constitutes the core of the symmetrical electric field constraint unit in the anti-charge loss system. It can not only accurately constrain the corona discharge area and prevent spark discharge and excessive ozone generation, but also effectively suppress the disordered diffusion of ions in the early stage of generation, preventing the loss of primary charge from the source.

[0032] As shown in Figures 11-13, the inner surface of each pair of slide grooves 226 is rolledly connected to the outer surface of a corresponding set of rollers 217. The top of the annular fastener 219 is bolted to a support 227, and the support 227 is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the ion flow detection probe 228. An environmental sensor 229 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the support 227. The environmental sensor 229 is used to collect temperature and air pressure signals in real time. A displacement sensor 230 is fixedly installed on the top of the adjusting piston 209.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, firstly, the precise cooperation between the slide groove 226 and the roller 217 enables the linear displacement of the adjusting piston 209 to be efficiently converted into the arc motion of the push block 218, thereby meeting the requirement for rapid frequency compensation during environmental temperature and pressure fluctuations. The support frame 227, bolted to the top of the annular fixing member 219, is made of medical-grade aluminum alloy and is secured to the ion flow detection probe 228 via a snap-fit ​​mechanism, ensuring that the detection probe is coaxial with the neck outlet and that the collected ion concentration signal is more accurate. Secondly, the environmental sensor 229 installed on one side of the outer wall of the support frame 227 is a medical-grade temperature and pressure integrated sensor (PT150), with a temperature measurement range of -80 to 150℃ and 0 to 700 kPa, and accuracies of ±0.05℃ / ±0.10℃ and ±0.5 kPa respectively. The data comes from the technical parameters of the (PT150 ​​wireless temperature and pressure integrated recorder) and can capture changes in environmental parameters in real time. Simultaneously, the displacement sensor 230 fixed to the top of the adjusting piston 209 is a miniature grating displacement sensor. Sensor 230, employing Keyence's LK-G series miniature grating sensor, has a measurement accuracy of ±1μm and can provide real-time feedback on piston position. It complements the data from environmental sensor 229 and ion flow detection probe 228, providing comprehensive feedback information to energy control module 309. This supports the precise operation of the closed-loop tuning algorithm, ensuring the resonant frequency remains stable within the optimal range. This high-precision sensor data is transmitted in real-time via the SPI bus to the STM32H743 microprocessor of energy control module 309, providing three core input layers for the closed-loop tuning algorithm. Firstly, the temperature T and air pressure P collected by environmental sensor 229 are directly substituted into the sound velocity correction formula: c=331.4×√(1+T / 273.15)×√(P / 101325). This formula originates from the classic acoustics textbook "Fundamentals of Acoustics" (Du Gonghuan et al., 2nd edition, p. 45), and calculates the sound velocity value under the current operating conditions in real-time (accuracy ±0.1m / s), laying the foundation for the calculation of the resonant frequency reference value.

[0034] Secondly, the position data (resolution 1μm) of the adjusting piston 209 fed back by the displacement sensor 230 is converted into real-time V and S parameters through the pre-calibrated mechanical linkage relationship, in which the mapping curve of the displacement of the adjusting piston 209 with the volume V of the cavity 201 and the cross-sectional area S of the neck is converted into the core Helmholtz resonance formula: f0=c / (2π)×√(S / (V×L)) (this formula is quoted from paragraph 32 of the specification of Chinese patent CN112311528A "An Adjustable Helmholtz Resonator", where L is the fixed length of the neck), and the current actual resonance frequency is calculated.

[0035] Thirdly, the ion concentration signal (corresponding to current value I, resolution 0.01 μA) acquired by the ion current detection probe 228 is based on the detection principle and signal correspondence derived from the article "Indirect Measurement Method of Corona Discharge Ion Concentration in Air" (by Li Hua et al.), published in Volume 46, Issue 3, 2020 of the journal *High Voltage Engineering*. This article clearly states that "the weak current (μA level) formed on the collecting electrode by the ion current generated by corona discharge is linearly positively correlated with the ion concentration (R²≥0.98)". After comparison with the target ion current threshold (0.5±0.05 μA), the threshold setting is based on the ion current safety... Extensive research on balancing safety and effectiveness; in corona discharge applications, a generally accepted rule is that maintaining the ion current intensity at the microampere (μA) level ensures effective charge transport (such as particulate charging or electrostatic neutralization) while avoiding uncontrollable streamer discharge or excessive ozone due to excessive current density, which is crucial for protecting personnel health and equipment safety; the target ion current threshold (0.5±0.05μA) of this system is determined based on the above design criteria and through experimental optimization; this value ensures ion transport efficiency while keeping the ozone concentration output by the system far below the level specified in GB / T The safety limits specified in national standards such as 34012-2017 "Air Purification Devices for Ventilation Systems" meet the general safety specifications for occupied places such as office environments and precision manufacturing workshops. This triggers an energy parameter fine-tuning mechanism. When |I-I_target|>0.05μA, the algorithm uses proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) control logic (parameters Kp=0.8, Ki=0.02, Kd=0.1). Its parameter optimization method is derived from the "critical proportional method" in the classic control theory textbook "Principles of Automatic Control" (by Hu Shousong, 7th edition, p215). The driving frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 303 and the pulse amplitude of the micro high-voltage generator 308 are adjusted synchronously to ensure energy matching between ion generation and sound wave transport.

[0036] As shown in Figure 14, the acoustically driven ion generating assembly 300 also includes an end cap 301, a micro high-voltage generator 308, and an energy control module 309. The outer surface of the end cap 301 is connected to the inner surface of the cavity 201. The bottom of the cavity 201 is connected to the top of the brass backing 302, which is used to suppress non-resonant vibrations. The bottom of the brass backing 302 is connected to the top of four piezoelectric ceramic sheets 303, which are used to efficiently convert electrical energy into directional mechanical vibrations through the inverse piezoelectric effect.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, the end cap 301 is made of 316L stainless steel and is connected to the cavity 201 by threads and fitted with an O-ring seal. This achieves sealing protection of the bottom of the cavity 201 and prevents external dust and moisture from entering the interior and affecting acoustic performance and electrical safety. Secondly, the bottom of the cavity 201 is bonded to the brass backing 302 with thermally conductive silicone. The brass backing 302 utilizes its own damping characteristics to effectively suppress the non-resonant vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 303, reduce energy waste, and improve electromechanical conversion efficiency. At the same time, the four piezoelectric ceramic sheets 303 at the bottom of the brass backing 302 are PZT-4 type, evenly distributed in a circle, and bonded to the brass backing 302 with conductive adhesive. The electrode lead wires are made of high-voltage silver-plated copper wire to ensure stable power transmission. The four piezoelectric ceramic sheets 303 work together to generate uniform and stable high-frequency vibrations, which cause the air inside the cavity 201 to be uniformly excited, forming a stable acoustic resonance field and providing a strong and directional acoustic flow carrier for ion transport.

[0038] As shown in Figure 16, a first limiting sleeve 304 is fixedly connected to the top of the end cap 301, and an insulating sleeve 305 is connected between the inner surfaces of the first limiting sleeve 304. The insulating sleeve 305 is used to guide and constrain the high voltage electric field.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, the first limiting sleeve 304 welded to the top of the end cap 301 is made of alumina ceramic, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and high pressure resistance. The insulating sleeve 305 bonded inside is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The inner diameter of the insulating sleeve 305 is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the insulating layer of the discharge needle 306, thereby ensuring that the discharge needle 306 is completely insulated from the metal parts such as the cavity 201 and the end cap 301, avoiding the occurrence of surface discharge. The guiding effect of the insulating sleeve 305 can ensure that the axis of the discharge needle 306 is deviated from the axis of the cavity 201, so that the tip of the discharge needle 306 is always in the center of the sound wave focusing area, maximizing the coupling efficiency of ions and sound waves. At the same time, the insulating sleeve 305 can constrain the high voltage electric field to be concentrated along the axial direction, preventing the electric field from spreading to the inner wall of the cavity 201, which improves the ionization efficiency and reduces the electrical safety risk, thereby fully meeting the stringent general standards for insulation reliability of high voltage discharge equipment and ensuring operational safety in various application environments.

[0040] As shown in Figures 15-16, the inner surface of the insulating sleeve 305 is connected to the outer surface of the discharge needle 306. The outer surface of the discharge needle 306 is fitted with a second limiting sleeve 307. One side of the outer wall of the micro high voltage generator 308 is connected to the inner surface of the cavity 201. The micro high voltage generator 308 is used to provide stable and controllable ionization energy for the discharge needle 306. One side of the outer wall of the energy control module 309 is connected to the outer surface of the outer shell 100. The energy control module 309 is used to drive the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 303 according to the sensor feedback signal and coordinately adjust the position of the piston 209 to excite and maintain the optimal acoustic resonance state in the cavity 201.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, firstly, the inner surface of the insulating sleeve 305 is tightly bonded to the insulating layer of the discharge needle 306. The discharge needle 306 is a medical-grade tungsten needle, which is precision ground to ensure stable corona discharge under high pulse voltage. Secondly, the second limiting sleeve 307 on the outer surface of the discharge needle 306 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and works with the insulating sleeve 305 to further enhance the positioning accuracy of the discharge needle 306 and avoid tip deviation caused by vibration. At the same time, the miniature high voltage generator 308 is fixed inside the cavity 201 by a bracket and encapsulated in a polyimide shell. It outputs adjustable pulse high voltage, which can meet the air ionization requirements and avoid excessive ozone generation due to over-discharge. The energy control module 309 is installed on the outside of the outer shell 100, uses a medical-grade PCB board, and integrates a DDS frequency synthesizer and an STM32 control chip to achieve synergistic optimization of acoustic resonance and ion generation.

[0042] During use, after the entire device is powered on, the acoustic focusing and tuning component 200 and the acoustically driven ion generating component 300 immediately start working together. First, the energy control module 309 and the miniature high-voltage generator 308 in the acoustically driven ion generating component 300 are activated synchronously. Second, the environmental sensor 229 on the support 227 of the acoustic focusing and tuning component 200 collects temperature and air pressure data in real time. At the same time, the ion flow detection probe 228 completes zero-point calibration and monitors the initial ion concentration. The displacement sensor 230 on the top of the adjusting piston 209 provides feedback on the initial position of the adjusting piston 209. These data are transmitted to the energy control module 309 via the SPI bus and substituted into the sound velocity correction formula: c=331.4×√(1+T / 273.15)×√(P / 101325) to calculate the current sound velocity value (accuracy ±0).(1 m / s); combined with the Helmholtz resonance formula, the initial range of the target cavity 201 volume (V) and neck cross-sectional area (S) is calculated to complete the initial benchmark establishment. Subsequently, the energy control module 309 outputs an adjustable frequency alternating voltage to drive the piezoelectric transducer composed of a brass backing 302 and four PZT-4 type piezoelectric ceramic plates 303 to generate high-frequency mechanical vibration. The vibration is transmitted through the end cap 301 of the cavity 201 to the cavity 201 to excite air vibration and form the initial sound wave. At the same time, the energy control module 309 calculates the resonance frequency compensation amount according to the temperature and pressure fluctuations, and instructs the screw drive assembly 204 to drive the slider 205, the transmission shaft 206 and the adjusting piston 209 to move smoothly to change the volume of the cavity 201. The linear motion of 09 is transmitted through the meshing of the inclined push rod 214, push seat 215, solid rod 216, roller 217, push block 218 and rotating ring 222, and drives the five aperture blades 220 to open and close synchronously to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical transition section. Secondly, the acoustic metamaterial liner 202 and the conical transition section of the cavity 201 work together to form the acoustic wave directional transport unit in the anti-charge loss system. They guide the acoustic waves to focus towards the neck to form a directional beam. This beam can effectively encapsulate ions, reducing their collision with the air medium and charge transfer during long-distance transport, until the parameters fed back by the displacement sensor 230 and ion flow detection probe 228 meet the standards. At this point, the system resonant frequency is locked at the optimal operating point. After the vibration stabilizes, the miniature high-voltage generator 308 outputs an adjustable pulsed high voltage, which is transmitted to the discharge needle 306 via the insulating sleeve 305. At this time, the discharge needle 306 and the grounding ring 224 form a symmetrical electric field confinement discharge region, generating high-concentration negative ions through the corona effect. In a specific application example, the main controller can convert the ion concentration signal fed back by the ion current detection probe 228 into an intuitive level indication; for example, when the system output corresponds to an ion current of approximately 1 million to 1.3 million ions / cubic centimeter, it can be displayed as level "100"; when the output is increased to approximately 2.4 million to 2.6 million ions / cubic centimeter, it can be displayed as level "200". The user can adjust the level according to actual needs through the energy control module 30. 9. Set the target level or ion quantity. The system will automatically and collaboratively adjust the high-voltage pulse amplitude and acoustic resonance parameters based on feedback. While increasing the ion output, it can ensure that the high aggregation and anti-charge loss performance are maintained in the optimal range. The conical transition section focuses the sound waves to form a directional acoustic flow, which carries the ions forward. At the same time, the aperture blades 220 can compress the ion flow divergence angle to achieve low-loss remote delivery. In subsequent operation, the ion flow detection probe 228, environmental sensor 229, displacement sensor 230 and the main controller together constitute the real-time feedback control unit of the anti-charge loss system. The energy control module 309 uses a PID closed-loop tuning algorithm (parameters Kp=0.8, Ki=0.02, Kd=0).1) To compensate for resonance detuning by finely adjusting the position of the adjusting piston 209 in response to temperature and pressure fluctuations, and to simultaneously optimize the driving frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic plate 303 and the amplitude of the high-voltage pulse to address ion concentration deviations, the system dynamically maintains its optimal operating state. This achieves adaptive and end-to-end suppression of charge loss, ultimately ensuring the continuous and stable release of a highly concentrated, low-charge-loss ion beam.

[0043] It should be noted that the high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head described in detail in this embodiment, due to its breakthroughs in ion generation efficiency, directional transport accuracy, and environmental adaptability, is not limited to a single field. The high-stability, low-loss ion beam it provides is equally important for: electrostatic neutralization processes in precision manufacturing industries such as semiconductors and LCD panels; locations with strict control over airborne particles such as data centers and communication equipment rooms; high-end air purification systems; and space disinfection in the biomedical field. The high-specification materials, precision sensors, and complex control algorithms selected in this embodiment are precisely to meet the stringent requirements of consistency in reliability, safety, and performance for the aforementioned diverse high-end application scenarios.

[0044] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-aggregation, anti-charge-loss type ion release head, characterized in that: The system includes an outer shell (100), an acoustic focusing and tuning assembly (200), and an acoustically driven ion generating assembly (300). The acoustic focusing and tuning assembly (200) and the acoustically driven ion generating assembly (300) are respectively installed inside the outer shell (100). The acoustic focusing and tuning assembly (200) includes a cavity (201), an acoustic metamaterial liner (202), an adjusting piston (209), five tilting push rods (214), five push blocks (218), five aperture blades (220), a grounding ring (224), and an ion flow detection probe (228). The top of the cavity (201) is set as a conical transition section, and the cavity (201) is used to generate and amplify sound waves of a specific frequency. The acoustic metamaterial liner (202) is used to guide the sound waves in the cavity (201) to converge towards the conical transition section at the top. The converged sound waves constitute an acoustic beam for directional ion transport to reduce the charge flow of ions during transport. The regulating piston (209) is used to change the effective volume of the cavity (201). The five tilting push rods (214) and five push blocks (218) are used to convert the linear motion of the regulating piston (209) into the opening and closing motion of the five aperture blades (220) to coordinate the adjustment of the volume of the cavity (201) and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conical transition section. The ion flow detection probe (228) is used to monitor the ion concentration signal in real time. The acoustically driven ion generation component (300) includes a brass backing (302), four piezoelectric ceramic plates (303), and a discharge needle (306). The brass backing (302) and the four piezoelectric ceramic plates (303) form a complete piezoelectric transducer, and the piezoelectric transducer is used to excite the air in the cavity (201) to resonate. The discharge needle (306) is used to form a symmetrical electric field confinement discharge region with the grounding ring (224) to form a confinement electric field in the ionization region to prevent diffusion in the early stage of ion generation.

2. The ion release head for high-aggregation anti-charge loss type according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the cylindrical section of the cavity (201) is connected to the outer surface of the acoustic metamaterial liner (202), and the outer surface of the cavity (201) is connected to the inner surface of the outer shell (100). The inner surface of the cavity (201) is connected to a mounting plate (203). A lead screw drive assembly (204) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the mounting plate (203), and the lead screw drive assembly (204) is used to provide linear driving force. A slider (205) is movably connected to the outer surface of the lead screw drive assembly (204). A drive shaft (206) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the slider (205), and the interior of the drive shaft (206) is designed as a hollow structure. A guide sleeve (207) is fitted with the outer surface of the drive shaft (206) with clearance, and the two sides of the outer wall of the guide sleeve (207) are connected to the inner surface of the cavity (201).

3. The ion release head for high-aggregation anti-charge loss type according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flange (208) is fixedly connected to the top of the drive shaft (206). The top of the flange (208) is bolted to the bottom of the adjusting piston (209). A medical silicone rubber O-ring (210) is embedded on the outer surface of the adjusting piston (209). Five fixing plates (211) are arranged in a ring on the top of the adjusting piston (209). A connecting seat (212) is connected to the top of each of the five fixing plates (211). Rotating rods (213) pass through both sides of the outer wall of each of the five connecting seats (212). The outer surface of each of the five rotating rods (213) is rotatably connected to a corresponding inclined push rod (214). A thrust seat (215) is fixedly connected to the top of each of the five inclined push rods (214).

4. The ion release head for high-aggregation anti-charge loss type according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the five thrust seats (215) is connected to a set of solid rods (216) at its top. Rollers (217) are fitted on the outer surfaces of the five sets of solid rods (216). Push blocks (218) are fixedly connected to the top of each of the five sets of solid rods (216). The top of each of the five push blocks (218) is provided with upper teeth. Annular fasteners (219) are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the cavity (201). The bottom of the annular fasteners (219) is movably connected to the top of the five aperture blades (220). The five aperture blades (220) are used to change the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conical transition section. Connecting rods (221) are connected to the bottom of each of the five aperture blades (220).

5. The ion release head for high-aggregation anti-charge loss type according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tops of the five connecting rods (221) are connected to a rotating ring (222) by a pin, and the bottom of the rotating ring (222) is provided with five sets of lower teeth, and the bottom of each of the five sets of lower teeth is engaged with the upper teeth on the top of a corresponding push block (218). The inner surfaces of the cavity (201) are fixedly connected to a ring frame (223), the bottom of the ring frame (223) is connected to the top of the grounding ring (224), and the bottom of the ring frame (223) is provided with five guide grooves (225). The inner walls of the five guide grooves (225) are symmetrically provided with sliding grooves (226) on both sides.

6. The ion release head for high-aggregation anti-charge loss type according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner walls of each pair of grooves (226) are rolledly connected to the outer surfaces of a corresponding set of rollers (217). The top of the annular fastener (219) is bolted to a support (227), and the support (227) is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the ion flow detection probe (228). An environmental sensor (229) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the support (227). The environmental sensor (229) is used to collect temperature and air pressure signals in real time. A displacement sensor (230) is fixedly installed on the top of the regulating piston (209).

7. The ion release head for high-aggregation anti-charge loss type according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acoustically driven ion generating assembly (300) further includes an end cap (301), a micro high-voltage generator (308), and an energy control module (309). The outer surface of the end cap (301) is connected to the inner surface of the cavity (201). The bottom of the cavity (201) is connected to the top of a brass backing (302), which is used to suppress non-resonant vibrations. The bottom of the brass backing (302) is connected to the top of four piezoelectric ceramic sheets (303), which are used to efficiently convert electrical energy into directional mechanical vibrations through the inverse piezoelectric effect. A first limiting sleeve (304) is fixedly connected to the top of the end cap (301). An insulating sleeve (305) is connected between the inner surfaces of the first limiting sleeve (304), which is used to guide and constrain the high-voltage electric field.

8. The ion release head for high-aggregation anti-charge loss type according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner surface of the insulating sleeve (305) is connected to the outer surface of the discharge needle (306). The outer surface of the discharge needle (306) is fitted with a second limiting sleeve (307). One side of the outer wall of the micro high voltage generator (308) is connected to the inner surface of the cavity (201). The micro high voltage generator (308) is used to provide stable and controllable ionization energy for the discharge needle (306). One side of the outer wall of the energy control module (309) is connected to the outer surface of the outer shell (100). The energy control module (309) is used to drive the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (303) according to the sensor feedback signal and coordinately adjust the position of the piston (209) to excite and maintain the optimal acoustic resonance state in the cavity (201).

9. The method of using a high-aggregation, anti-charge-loss type ion release head, characterized in that, The high-aggregation anti-charge-loss ion release head according to any one of claims 1-8 was used. Includes the following steps: S1: Power on the device is activated. The energy control module (309) and the micro high-voltage generator (308) in the acoustically driven ion generating assembly (300) begin operation. The environmental sensor (229) collects real-time data on the current ambient temperature and air pressure. The ion flow detection probe (228) monitors the initial ion concentration. The main controller establishes an initial benchmark for the environment and output performance based on this data. S2: The energy control module (309) drives the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (303) to excite the cavity (201) to generate acoustic resonance. At the same time, the main controller calculates the required resonance frequency compensation based on the feedback signal from the environmental sensor (229) and instructs the lead screw drive assembly (204) to push the adjusting piston (209) to a predetermined position. The direct current of the adjusting piston (209) is adjusted. Linear motion synchronously drives the aperture blades (220) to open and close through a mechanical linkage mechanism, thereby achieving coordinated adjustment of the cavity (201) volume and the neck outlet aperture until the feedback signal from the ion flow detection probe (228) indicates that the system resonance frequency has reached and locked at the optimal operating point; S3: After the acoustic resonance reaches the optimal state, the micro high voltage generator (308) applies a precisely controlled pulse high voltage to the discharge needle (306), causing it to generate a stable corona discharge in the symmetrical electric field constrained discharge area formed by the grounding ring (224), so as to constrain the ionization area, prevent ion diffusion, generate high-concentration ions, and the generated ions are carried by the directional acoustic beam formed by the acoustic focusing tuning component (200) to achieve efficient and low-loss remote directional transport; S4: During the ion release process, the ion current detection probe (228) continuously monitors the intensity of the output ion beam, the environmental sensor (229) continuously tracks the changes in environmental parameters, the main controller compares the monitoring data with the reference value, and dynamically fine-tunes the piston position of the screw drive assembly (204) and the drive parameters of the energy control module (309) through the closed-loop control algorithm, so that the acoustic resonance state, ionization intensity and ion transport efficiency are dynamically matched, thereby ensuring that the ion release head continuously and stably outputs a highly concentrated ion beam with low charge loss in a dynamic environment.

10. A system for preventing charge loss, characterized in that, The system, applied to the ion release head according to any one of claims 1-8, comprises: a symmetrical electric field confinement unit, consisting of a discharge needle (306) and a grounding ring (224), for forming a symmetrical electric field in the ionization region to confine ion diffusion and prevent initial charge loss; an acoustic wave directional transport unit, consisting of an acoustic metamaterial liner (202) and a conical transition section, for forming a directional acoustic beam to entrain and transport ions and reduce charge transfer along the way; and a real-time feedback control unit, consisting of an ion flow detection probe (228), an environmental sensor (229), and a main controller, for receiving environmental and ion flow signals and dynamically adjusting the acoustic resonance state and ionization process by controlling the position of the adjusting piston (209) and the parameters of the energy control module (309) to maintain a high ion aggregation state and suppress charge loss.

Images