Production method for removing fishy smell of selenium-rich eggs and selenium-rich feed thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, and particularly discloses a production method for removing fishy smell of selenium-rich eggs and a selenium-rich feed thereof. The selenium-rich feed for removing fishy smell of selenium-rich eggs is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: corn, soybean meal, stone powder, grease, a premix, Chinese prickly ash seeds, corn protein powder, pericarpium citri reticulatae, haws and garlic powder. The production method comprises the following steps: S1, pretreating the raw materials; s2, selenium-rich feed mixing; s3, performing granulation; s4, feeding; s5, collecting eggs. By adopting the technical scheme of combining low-temperature baking pretreatment of the Chinese prickly ash seeds and step-by-step material mixing, the technical effects of fully activating fishy smell removing active ingredients and uniformly dispersing the fishy smell removing active ingredients in the feed are achieved; the problems of obvious fishy smell residue of egg products and unstable effect caused by non-uniform dispersion of fishy smell removing components are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed processing technology, specifically to a method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs and its selenium-enriched feed. Background Technology

[0002] Selenium-enriched eggs, a type of fortified egg product rich in selenium, are highly favored by consumers due to the important role of selenium in anti-oxidation and enhancing immunity. To achieve selenium fortification of eggs, related technologies typically involve adding selenium-containing premixes to laying hen feed. Simultaneously, to improve the egg's odor and enhance its palatability, some feed formulations incorporate natural deodorizing ingredients such as dried tangerine peel, hawthorn, garlic powder, and Sichuan pepper seeds, creating compound feeds that combine selenium enrichment with deodorizing effects. The research and application of such feeds has become an important development direction in the laying hen farming and egg processing industries.

[0003] However, most existing selenium-enriched deodorizing feed solutions simply mix deodorizing ingredients such as dried tangerine peel, hawthorn, and garlic powder with basic feed components such as corn and soybean meal, without specifically pre-treating ingredients containing volatile deodorizing active ingredients such as pepper seeds. This results in the inability to fully release the activity of the deodorizing components. At the same time, the lack of a scientific step-by-step mixing process design means that the simultaneous mixing of solid raw materials and oily components can easily cause the deodorizing components to agglomerate and disperse unevenly, ultimately resulting in poor deodorization of eggs and poor flavor stability between different batches of eggs, which seriously affects the market acceptance of selenium-enriched eggs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a production method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs and its selenium-enriched feed. This solves the problems of existing technologies that directly mix deodorizing raw materials or do not perform pretreatment, resulting in obvious residual fishy smell in the eggs and uneven dispersion of deodorizing components leading to unstable effects.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a selenium-enriched feed for removing the fishy smell from eggs, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60.0-60.5 parts corn, 19.8-20.2 parts soybean meal, 8.8-9.2 parts limestone powder, 0.7-0.9 parts oil, 2.8-3.2 parts premix, 3.8-4.2 parts Sichuan pepper seeds, 2.8-3.2 parts corn gluten meal, 0.03-0.3 parts dried tangerine peel, 0.03-0.3 parts hawthorn, and 0.04-0.4 parts garlic powder.

[0006] Preferably, the oil is one or a mixture of two of soybean oil and rapeseed oil, and the acid value of the oil is ≤3mgKOH / g; The premix contains a selenium source, resulting in a selenium content of 0.3-0.8 mg / kg in the selenium-enriched feed.

[0007] Preferably, the mass ratio of the dried tangerine peel, hawthorn, and garlic powder is (0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2):(1.8-2.2).

[0008] Preferably, the selenium source is one or a mixture of two of yeast selenium and sodium selenite.

[0009] A method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: The corn is crushed, the peppercorns are roasted at low temperature, the dried tangerine peel and hawthorn are dried and crushed, and the garlic powder is sieved. S2. Selenium-enriched feed mixing: Next, weigh the pretreated raw materials, mix the solid raw materials first, then add oil and continue mixing to obtain a mixed feed. S3. Granulation: After conditioning the mixture, it is granulated by a ring die pelletizer and then cooled to room temperature. S4. Feeding: The laying hens are fed the selenium-enriched feed prepared by S3 twice a day, with free access to water; S5. Egg collection: Collect eggs promptly after laying hens and store them under low-temperature conditions.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, the low-temperature baking temperature of the pepper seeds is 60-80℃, and the baking time is 20-30 minutes.

[0011] Preferably, in step S3, the ring die compression ratio of the ring die pellet mill is 1:8-1:10.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the particle size of the crushed corn is 0.8-1.2 mm, the dried tangerine peel and hawthorn are dried to a moisture content of ≤8% and then crushed to a particle size of 0.5-1.0 mm, and the garlic powder is passed through an 80-100 mesh sieve.

[0013] Preferably, in step S2, the mixing speed of the solid raw materials is 300-400 r / min, and the mixing time is 10-15 min; after adding the oil, the mixing speed is 200-250 r / min, and the mixing time is 5-8 min.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, the conditioning temperature is 85-95℃, the humidity is 15%-18%, the conditioning time is 5-8 min, and the particle diameter after granulation is 3-5 mm. In S4, the feeding subjects are laying hens aged 25-72 weeks, with a daily feed amount of 120-150g / hen, and each feeding is 50% of the daily feed amount; In step S5, the eggs are collected within 24 hours after laying and stored at a temperature of 4-8°C.

[0015] This invention provides a method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs and a selenium-enriched feed thereof. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention achieves the technical effect of fully activating the deodorizing active ingredients and uniformly dispersing them in the feed by combining low-temperature roasting pretreatment of pepper seeds with step-by-step material mixing. Compared with the existing technology of directly mixing deodorizing raw materials or not performing pretreatment, this invention solves the problems of obvious residual fishy smell in eggs and uneven dispersion of deodorizing ingredients leading to unstable effects.

[0016] 2. This invention adopts a technical solution that combines conditioning and pelleting, sealed storage and standardized feeding, which achieves stable feed pellet structure, prevents mold growth during storage and maintains good egg freshness. Compared with the existing technology that omits conditioning or does not store feed in a standardized manner, this invention solves the problems of feed being easily broken and moldy and egg freshness declining rapidly.

[0017] 3. This invention adopts a technical solution of precise selection of selenium-enriched source and gradient optimization of all process parameters, which achieves the technical effect of simultaneously enhancing selenium nutrition and removing fishy smell, and adapting to the needs of different breeding scenarios. Compared with the existing technology, which has difficulty in achieving selenium enrichment and removing fishy smell in a coordinated manner or has only one applicable scenario, this invention solves the problem that its egg products cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of selenium-enriched nutrition and low fishy smell, and are difficult to adapt to the needs of multiple breeding scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] This invention provides a selenium-enriched feed for removing the fishy smell from eggs, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60.0-60.5 parts corn, 19.8-20.2 parts soybean meal, 8.8-9.2 parts limestone powder, 0.7-0.9 parts oil, 2.8-3.2 parts premix, 3.8-4.2 parts Sichuan pepper seeds, 2.8-3.2 parts corn gluten meal, 0.03-0.3 parts dried tangerine peel, 0.03-0.3 parts hawthorn, and 0.04-0.4 parts garlic powder.

[0021] The oil is one or a mixture of soybean oil and rapeseed oil, and the acid value of the oil is ≤3mgKOH / g; The premix contains a selenium source, resulting in a selenium content of 0.3-0.8 mg / kg in the selenium-enriched feed.

[0022] The mass ratio of dried tangerine peel, hawthorn, and garlic powder is (0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2):(1.8-2.2).

[0023] The selenium source is one or a mixture of two of yeast selenium and sodium selenite.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 1 A method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: The corn is crushed, the peppercorns are roasted at low temperature, the dried tangerine peel and hawthorn are dried and crushed, and the garlic powder is sieved. The low-temperature baking temperature for Sichuan pepper seeds is 60-80℃, and the baking time is 20-30 minutes. The particle size of the crushed corn is 0.8-1.2mm. The dried tangerine peel and hawthorn are dried to a moisture content of ≤8% and then crushed to a particle size of 0.5-1.0mm. The garlic powder is passed through an 80-100 mesh sieve.

[0025] S2. Selenium-enriched feed mixing: Next, weigh the pretreated raw materials, mix the solid raw materials first, then add oil and continue mixing to obtain a mixed feed. The mixing speed for solid raw materials is 300-400 r / min, and the mixing time is 10-15 min; the mixing speed after adding oil is 200-250 r / min, and the mixing time is 5-8 min.

[0026] S3. Granulation: After conditioning the mixture, it is granulated by a ring die pelletizer and then cooled to room temperature. Among them, the ring die compression ratio of the ring die pellet mill is 1:8-1:10; The conditioning temperature is 85-95℃, the humidity is 15%-18%, the conditioning time is 5-8 minutes, and the particle diameter after granulation is 3-5 mm.

[0027] S4. Feeding: The laying hens are fed the selenium-enriched feed prepared by S3 twice a day, with free access to water; The target population for feeding is laying hens aged 25-72 weeks, with a daily feed amount of 120-150g per bird, and each feeding session is 50% of the daily feed amount.

[0028] S5. Egg collection: Collect eggs promptly after laying hens and store them at low temperatures. The eggs should be collected within 24 hours of being laid and stored at a temperature of 4-8℃.

[0029] The following is a description with reference to specific embodiments: Example 1: A selenium-enriched feed for removing the fishy smell from eggs, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60.0 parts corn, 19.8 parts soybean meal, 8.8 parts limestone powder, 0.7 parts oil, 2.8 parts premix, 3.8 parts Sichuan pepper seeds, 2.8 parts corn gluten meal, 0.03 parts dried tangerine peel, 0.03 parts hawthorn, and 0.04 parts garlic powder; The oil is soybean oil with an acid value of 2.5 mg KOH / g; The selenium source in the premix is ​​sodium selenite, resulting in a selenium content of 0.3 mg / kg in the selenium-enriched feed. The mass ratio of dried tangerine peel, hawthorn, and garlic powder is 0.8:0.8:1.8.

[0030] A method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Corn is crushed to a particle size of 0.8mm. After cleaning and removing impurities from peppercorn seeds, they are baked at a low temperature of 60℃ for 20 minutes. Dried tangerine peel and hawthorn are removed from impurities and dried to a moisture content of 7%, then crushed to a particle size of 0.5mm. Garlic powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve, and the sieve material is collected for later use.

[0031] S2. Selenium-enriched feed mixing: Weigh the pretreated raw materials according to the above formula. First, put the solid raw materials such as corn, soybean meal, stone powder, premix, pepper seeds, corn gluten powder, dried tangerine peel, hawthorn, and garlic powder into the mixer and mix at 300 r / min for 10 minutes. Then add soybean oil and continue mixing at 200 r / min for 5 minutes to obtain the mixed feed.

[0032] S3. Pelletizing: The mixture is fed into a conditioning equipment and conditioned for 5 minutes at a temperature of 85°C and a humidity of 15%. Then, it is pelleted by a ring die pelleting machine with a ring die compression ratio of 1:8 to obtain feed pellets with a diameter of 3 mm. The pelleted feed is then fed into a cooling equipment to cool to room temperature.

[0033] S4. Feeding: Select 25-week-old laying hens and feed them the selenium-enriched feed prepared above twice a day. The daily feed amount is 120g / hen, and the feed amount is 60g each time. Laying hens have free access to water.

[0034] S5. Egg collection: Collect eggs within 24 hours after laying hens, remove any adhering substances from the eggshell surface, and store them in layers at a low temperature of 4℃.

[0035] Example 2: A selenium-enriched feed for removing the fishy smell from eggs, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60.2 parts corn, 20.0 parts soybean meal, 9.0 parts limestone powder, 0.8 parts oil, 3.0 parts premix, 4.0 parts Sichuan pepper seeds, 3.0 parts corn gluten meal, 0.1 parts dried tangerine peel, 0.1 parts hawthorn, and 0.2 parts garlic powder; The oil is a mixture of soybean oil and rapeseed oil in equal proportions, with an acid value of 2.8 mg KOH / g. The selenium source in the premix is ​​yeast selenium, resulting in a selenium content of 0.5 mg / kg in the selenium-enriched feed; The mass ratio of dried tangerine peel, hawthorn, and garlic powder is 1.0:1.0:2.0.

[0036] A method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Corn is crushed to a particle size of 1.0 mm; pepper seeds are cleaned and cleaned, and then baked at a low temperature of 70℃ for 25 minutes; dried tangerine peel and hawthorn are cleaned and dried to a moisture content of 6%, and then crushed to a particle size of 0.8 mm; garlic powder is passed through a 90-mesh sieve and the sieve material is collected for later use.

[0037] S2. Selenium-enriched feed mixing: Weigh the pretreated raw materials according to the above formula, first put the solid raw materials into the mixer and mix at 350 r / min for 12 min; then add the oil mixture and continue mixing at 225 r / min for 6 min to obtain the mixed feed.

[0038] S3. Pelletizing: The mixture is fed into a conditioning equipment and conditioned for 6 minutes at a temperature of 90℃ and a humidity of 16%; then pelleted by a ring die pelletizer with a ring die compression ratio of 1:9 to obtain feed pellets with a diameter of 4mm; cooled to room temperature.

[0039] S4. Feeding: Select 50-week-old laying hens and feed them the selenium-enriched feed prepared above twice a day. The daily feed amount is 135g / hen, and the feed amount is 67.5g each time. Laying hens have free access to water.

[0040] S5. Egg collection: Collect eggs within 20 hours after laying hens, remove any adhering substances from the eggshell surface, and store them in layers at a low temperature of 6℃.

[0041] Example 3: A selenium-enriched feed for removing the fishy smell from eggs, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60.5 parts corn, 20.2 parts soybean meal, 9.2 parts limestone powder, 0.9 parts oil, 3.2 parts premix, 4.2 parts Sichuan pepper seeds, 3.2 parts corn gluten meal, 0.3 parts dried tangerine peel, 0.3 parts hawthorn, and 0.4 parts garlic powder; The oil is rapeseed oil with an acid value of 2.9 mgKOH / g; The selenium source in the premix is ​​a mixture of yeast selenium and sodium selenite in equal proportions, resulting in a selenium content of 0.8 mg / kg in the selenium-enriched feed. The mass ratio of dried tangerine peel, hawthorn, and garlic powder is 1.2:1.2:2.2.

[0042] A method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Corn is crushed to a particle size of 1.2mm; peppercorns are washed and cleaned, then baked at 80℃ for 30 minutes; dried tangerine peel and hawthorn are cleaned and dried to a moisture content of 5%, then crushed to a particle size of 1.0mm; garlic powder is passed through a 100-mesh sieve and the sieve material is collected for later use.

[0043] S2. Selenium-enriched feed mixing: Weigh the pretreated raw materials according to the above formula, first put the solid raw materials into the mixer and mix at 400 r / min for 15 min; then add rapeseed oil and continue mixing at 250 r / min for 8 min to obtain the mixed feed.

[0044] S3. Pelletizing: The mixture is fed into a conditioning equipment and conditioned for 8 minutes at a temperature of 95°C and a humidity of 18%. Then, it is pelleted by a ring die pelletizer with a ring die compression ratio of 1:10 to obtain feed pellets with a diameter of 5 mm. The pellets are then cooled to room temperature.

[0045] S4. Feeding: Select 72-week-old laying hens and feed them the selenium-enriched feed prepared above twice a day. The daily feed amount is 150g / hen, and the feed amount is 75g each time. Laying hens have free access to water.

[0046] S5. Egg collection: Collect eggs within 18 hours after laying hens, remove any adhering substances from the eggshell surface, and store them in layers at a low temperature of 8℃.

[0047] Comparative Example 1: Unlike Example 2, the S2 selenium-enriched feed mixing process uses a simultaneous mixing process for all raw materials to directly obtain the mixed feed; the remaining process steps are the same as in Example 2.

[0048] Comparative Example 2: Unlike Example 2, the conditioning process in the S3 granulation step is omitted: the mixture is directly fed into the ring die granulator for granulation, and then cooled to room temperature; the remaining process steps are the same as in Example 2.

[0049] Comparative Example 3: Unlike Example 2, in the S1 raw material pretreatment step, the pepper seeds are not subjected to low-temperature baking. The pepper seeds are simply washed and cleaned before use, without being baked at a low temperature of 60-80℃. The remaining process steps and other raw material pretreatment parameters are the same as in Example 2.

[0050] Comparative Example 4: Unlike Example 2, the feeding process in S4 adopts an unsealed storage and direct feeding process. The qualified pelleted feed obtained in S3 is not sealed and is directly exposed to room temperature. Before feeding, it is not opened and warmed up. The feed trough is cleaned and the feed is put in. The remaining process steps are the same as in Example 2.

[0051] Comparative Example 5: Unlike Example 2, the mixing process of the selenium-enriched feed in S2 reversed the order of mixing solid raw materials and adding oil. First, the oil mixture was mixed with corn, soybean meal, limestone powder, and corn gluten powder. Then, premixed feed, dried tangerine peel, hawthorn, garlic powder, and pepper seeds were added to obtain the mixed feed. The remaining process steps were the same as in Example 2.

[0052] Comparative Example 6: Unlike Example 2, in the S3 pelleting process, unqualified pellets are not recycled. After cooling, the pellet feed is screened by size, and only qualified pellets are collected. Pellets that do not meet the size requirements are discarded directly and are not returned to the conditioning equipment for re-granulation. The remaining process steps are the same as in Example 2.

[0053] Table 1, Performance Test Data of the Example

[0054] Table 2, Comparative Performance Test Data Table

[0055] Based on the differences between Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 and the performance test data table, it can be seen that the key factors in this invention, such as the low-temperature roasting pretreatment of pepper seeds, step-by-step material mixing, conditioning and granulation, sealed storage and standardized feeding, zoned and layered egg collection process, and the adaptability of parameters in each step, have a significant impact on the uniformity of deodorizing components, particle hardness, and storage stability of selenium-enriched feed, as well as the selenium content, volatile basic nitrogen, deodorizing sensory score, and eggshell integrity of eggs. Furthermore, there are positive effects among these factors on enhancing component dispersion, synergistic effects of processes, and stable egg quality.

[0056] Comparative Example 1, by eliminating the step-by-step material mixing process and adopting a simultaneous mixing method for all raw materials without distinguishing the mixing order of solid raw materials and oils, resulted in uneven dispersion of deodorizing ingredients such as tangerine peel, hawthorn, and garlic powder. The coefficient of variation for the uniformity of deodorizing ingredients in the feed increased to 12.8%, a 300% increase compared to 3.2% in Example 2. The sensory score for egg deodorization decreased to 8.1 points, a 14.7% decrease compared to 9.5 points in Example 2. Comparative Example 2 omitted the conditioning treatment step in the conditioning and pelleting process, directly pelleting the mixed materials. This resulted in a decrease in feed pellet hardness to 18N, a 48.6% decrease compared to 35N in Example 2. The mold rate after 15 days of feed storage increased to 2.8%, an 833.3% increase compared to 0.3% in Example 2. The eggshell integrity pass rate decreased to 91.2%, a 7.2% decrease compared to Example 2. Comparative Example 3 lacked the low-temperature roasting pretreatment process for pepper seeds, using them directly after only cleaning and impurity removal. This resulted in insufficient activation of the deodorizing active ingredients in the pepper seeds, leading to poor egg deodorization. The sensory score for fishy smell decreased to 6.5 points, a 31.6% decrease compared to Example 2, making it the group with the worst fishy smell removal effect among all groups. Comparative Example 4 adopted an unsealed storage and direct feeding process for feed, which exposed the feed to room temperature, resulting in a mold rate of 8.5%, an increase of 2733.3% compared to Example 2. The volatile basic nitrogen in the eggs increased to 7.9 mg / 100g, a 51.9% increase compared to 5.2 mg / 100g in Example 2, and the freshness of the eggs decreased significantly. Comparative Example 5 reversed the step-by-step mixing process, mixing oil and basic raw materials first and then adding the fishy smell removal ingredients, resulting in local agglomeration of the fishy smell removal ingredients. The coefficient of variation for the uniformity of the fishy smell removal ingredients in the feed increased to 10.5%, an increase of 228.1% compared to Example 2, and the sensory score for fishy smell removal in the eggs decreased to 8.5 points, a 10.5% decrease compared to Example 2. Comparative Example 6 eliminated the process of recovering unqualified pellets. Although it had a small impact on the quality of the eggs, the raw material utilization rate decreased by more than 10%, which did not meet the economic requirements of large-scale production.

[0057] In the examples, the core performance indicators of the selenium-enriched egg deodorizing feed and egg products were excellent: the selenium content of the feed was 0.3-0.8 mg / kg, the coefficient of variation of the uniformity of the deodorizing components was 3.2-8.6%, the particle hardness was 28-38 N, and the mold rate after 15 days of storage was 0.3-1.2%; the selenium content of the egg products was 18.5-35.2 μg / 100g, the volatile basic nitrogen was 5.2-6.8 mg / 100g, the sensory score for deodorization was 7.2-9.5 points, and the eggshell integrity qualification rate was 92.5-98.3%. Among them, Examples 1 and 3 are slightly inferior to Example 2 in performance because the formula parameters are at the boundary of the set range, but still maintain good overall advantages. Example 1 is suitable for low-cost general-purpose laying hen farming scenarios. By optimizing the amount of raw materials to control costs, the cost is reduced by 8% compared with Example 2, while maintaining the basic performance of 7.2 points for the sensory score of deodorization of eggs and 92.5% qualified eggshell rate. Example 3 is designed for the demand scenario of high selenium egg products. The selenium content of feed is increased to 0.8mg / kg, and the selenium content of eggs reaches 35.2μg / 100g, which is suitable for the high-end selenium-enriched egg product market.

[0058] Example 2 achieves an optimal balance between performance and cost, with a coefficient of variation of only 3.2% for the uniformity of the deodorizing components in the feed, a sensory score of 9.5 for the deodorizing of eggs, and a volatile basic nitrogen level as low as 5.2 mg / 100g. Furthermore, the various process parameters during preparation are highly adaptable, the deodorizing components are evenly dispersed, the feed pellets have moderate hardness, good storage stability, and a short preparation cycle, making it easy to achieve large-scale production. Its cost-effectiveness is significant, with a 10% cost reduction compared to Example 3 and a more than 40% improvement in the deodorizing effect of eggs compared to traditional selenium-enriched feed.

[0059] In Examples 1-3, processes S1-S5 exhibit a deep synergistic effect: S1, the roasting temperature and time of pepper seeds in the raw material pretreatment are precisely matched with the particle size of other raw materials to ensure the activity of deodorizing components and the palatability of the feed; S2, the rotation speed and time parameters of the step-by-step mixing are coordinated to avoid oil agglomeration and secondary agglomeration of deodorizing components; S3, the temperature, humidity, and ring die compression ratio of conditioning and pelleting are matched to improve the pellet forming quality and storage stability; S4, the time and amount of sealed storage and standardized feeding are matched with the metabolic patterns of laying hens to ensure the full absorption of selenium and deodorizing components; S5, the time and temperature parameters of zoned and layered egg collection are matched to the requirements for maintaining egg freshness. Example 2 optimizes the following steps: S1 Sichuan pepper seed roasting temperature 70℃, time 25min; S2 solid raw material mixing speed 350r / min, time 12min; S3 conditioning temperature 90℃, humidity 16%; S4 feeding time 7:00-8:00 and 17:00-18:00; S5 egg collection time within 20 hours, storage temperature 6℃. This achieves seamless connection between each process step, maximizes the synergistic advantages, and confirms the scientificity and rationality of the parameter range of the present invention.

[0060] Comparative Examples 1-6 suffered from the loss or alteration of a single process step, resulting in a break in the overall synergistic chain: Comparative Example 1 lacked a step-by-step mixing process, directly causing uneven dispersion of the deodorizing components; Comparative Example 2 omitted conditioning treatment, damaging the stability of the feed pellet structure; Comparative Example 3 eliminated the roasting of pepper seeds, losing the core deodorizing activity basis; Comparative Example 4 changed the feed storage method, leading to feed mold and a decrease in egg freshness; Comparative Example 5 reversed the mixing order, disrupting the component dispersion logic. All of these examples demonstrate the irreplaceable nature of the key process steps and parameter selections in this invention.

[0061] In summary, this invention addresses the technical problems of uneven dispersion of deodorizing components in traditional selenium-enriched feed, easy mold growth of granules, strong fishy smell in eggs, and unstable selenium content through synergistic optimization of low-temperature roasting pretreatment of pepper seeds, step-by-step material mixing, conditioning and granulation, sealed storage and standardized feeding, and zoned and layered egg collection. This significantly improves the overall quality of selenium-enriched feed and the edible and nutritional value of eggs. Example 2 achieves an optimal balance between performance, cost, and production efficiency, making it suitable for large-scale promotion. Examples 1-3 cover various egg product needs, from low-cost general-purpose to high-end selenium-enriched types, and are fully adaptable to different application scenarios such as family farms and large-scale egg-laying hen breeding bases, providing a replicable and scalable technical solution for the industrial production of deodorizing selenium-enriched eggs.

[0062]

[0063] Selenium content in feed and eggs: Hydride generation and atomic fluorescence spectrometry were used. After the sample was digested with nitric acid and perchloric acid, hydrochloric acid was added to reduce hexavalent selenium to tetravalent selenium. Hydrogen selenide was generated under the action of sodium borohydride and decomposed into atomic selenium by argon gas in an atomizer. The atomic fluorescence intensity was proportional to the selenium content, and the external standard method was used for quantification.

[0064] Hesperidin content in feed: High performance liquid chromatography was used. The sample was extracted with methanol by ultrasonication, filtered, and separated using a C18 column. Methanol and water were used as the mobile phase, and the sample was detected by a UV detector. The external standard method was used for quantification.

[0065] Total flavonoid content in feed: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used. The sample was extracted by ethanol reflux, filtered, and separated using a C18 column. Acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution was used as the mobile phase, and ultraviolet detector was used for detection. Rutin was used as the reference standard for external standard method for quantification.

[0066] Allicin content in feed: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used. The sample was extracted with ethyl acetate by ultrasonication, filtered, and separated by silica gel column chromatography. Hexane and ethyl acetate were used as the mobile phase, and ultraviolet detector was used for detection. External standard method was used for quantification.

[0067] Feed pellet hardness: Pellet strength test method. Using a pellet strength tester, select whole feed pellets, apply pressure along the pellet axis, and record the maximum pressure value when the pellet breaks. 10 pellets are measured for each sample and the average value is taken.

[0068] Feed storage stability: Plate count method. The sample was serially diluted with sterile physiological saline. The appropriate dilution was spread on potato dextrose agar medium and incubated at 28°C for 5 days. The number of mold colonies was counted and the mold rate was determined by combining sensory mold characteristics.

[0069] Volatile basic nitrogen in egg products: Semi-micro nitrogen determination method. The sample is treated with magnesium oxide suspension, ammonia is released by distillation, absorbed by boric acid solution, and titrated with hydrochloric acid standard solution. The volatile basic nitrogen content is calculated based on the volume of hydrochloric acid consumed.

[0070] Sensory evaluation of egg deodorization: A professional evaluation team of 10 people, in a unified evaluation environment, at a temperature of 25℃ and under natural light, evaluated the eggs from three dimensions: odor (0-5 points), flavor (0-3 points), and texture (0-2 points), with a total score of 10 points. 10 points = no odor, 0 points = strong odor, and the average score was taken.

[0071] Eggshell integrity: Visual inspection method. Under natural light, observe the eggshell surface and count the number of eggs without cracks, damage, or dents, and calculate the proportion of eggs tested.

[0072] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A selenium-enriched feed for removing the fishy smell from eggs, characterized in that, The ingredients include the following parts by weight: corn 60.0-60.5 parts, soybean meal 19.8-20.2 parts, limestone powder 8.8-9.2 parts, oil 0.7-0.9 parts, premix 2.8-3.2 parts, Sichuan pepper seeds 3.8-4.2 parts, corn gluten meal 2.8-3.2 parts, dried tangerine peel 0.03-0.3 parts, hawthorn 0.03-0.3 parts, and garlic powder 0.04-0.4 parts.

2. The selenium-enriched feed for removing the fishy smell from eggs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil is one or a mixture of two of soybean oil and rapeseed oil, and the acid value of the oil is ≤3mgKOH / g; The premix contains a selenium source, resulting in a selenium content of 0.3-0.8 mg / kg in the selenium-enriched feed.

3. The selenium-enriched feed for removing the fishy smell from eggs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of dried tangerine peel, hawthorn, and garlic powder is (0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2):(1.8-2.2).

4. The selenium-enriched feed for removing the fishy smell from eggs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The selenium source is one or a mixture of two of yeast selenium and sodium selenite.

5. A method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs, characterized in that, The selenium-enriched feed for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs according to any one of claims 1-4 comprises the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: The corn is crushed, the peppercorns are roasted at low temperature, the dried tangerine peel and hawthorn are dried and crushed, and the garlic powder is sieved. S2. Selenium-enriched feed mixing: Next, weigh the pretreated raw materials, mix the solid raw materials first, then add oil and continue mixing to obtain a mixed feed. S3. Granulation: After conditioning the mixture, it is granulated by a ring die pelletizer and then cooled to room temperature. S4. Feeding: The laying hens are fed the selenium-enriched feed prepared by S3 twice a day, with free access to water; S5. Egg collection: Collect eggs promptly after laying hens and store them under low-temperature conditions.

6. The production method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the low-temperature baking temperature of the pepper seeds is 60-80℃, and the baking time is 20-30 minutes.

7. The production method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S3, the ring die compression ratio of the ring die pellet mill is 1:8-1:

10.

8. The production method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S1, the particle size of the crushed corn is 0.8-1.2 mm, the dried tangerine peel and hawthorn are dried to a moisture content of ≤8% and then crushed to a particle size of 0.5-1.0 mm, and the garlic powder is passed through an 80-100 mesh sieve.

9. The production method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, the mixing speed of the solid raw materials is 300-400 r / min, and the mixing time is 10-15 min; after adding the oil, the mixing speed is 200-250 r / min, and the mixing time is 5-8 min.

10. The production method for removing the fishy smell from selenium-enriched eggs according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the conditioning temperature is 85-95℃, the humidity is 15%-18%, the conditioning time is 5-8 minutes, and the particle diameter after granulation is 3-5 mm. In S4, the feeding subjects are laying hens aged 25-72 weeks, with a daily feed amount of 120-150g / hen, and each feeding is 50% of the daily feed amount; In step S5, the eggs are collected within 24 hours after laying and stored at a temperature of 4-8°C.

Images