Method for testing influence of artificial feed on growth and development of tomato leaf miner
By designing artificial feed formulations and standardized rearing methods, the problems of instability and high cost in obtaining experimental insects such as the tomato leafminer were solved, achieving stability and consistency in indoor rearing and supporting biological, ecological and toxicological research.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TARIM UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the acquisition of experimental insects for the tomato leafminer relies on host plant rearing, which leads to unstable insect sources, high costs, long cycles, and large individual differences. Furthermore, chemical control has resulted in the emergence of pesticide-resistant populations, and there is a lack of standardized artificial feed and supporting rearing techniques.
An artificial feed formulation is provided, consisting of a first component and a second component, including a mixture of soybean flour, cellulose, germ powder, soybean protein, sucrose, choline chloride, casein, brewer's yeast, etc., with agar solution, which simulates the chemical information and nutrients of the natural host, and ensures stable feed quality through moist heat sterilization and low temperature storage.
This method enables standardized indoor rearing of tomato leafminer moths, reducing costs, shortening the preparation cycle, ensuring a stable supply of insects, solving the problem of high fluctuations in experimental results caused by differences in host plant quality, and providing experimental insects with consistent physiological states.
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Figure CN121970853A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology and relates to the artificial rearing of pests, specifically to an experimental method for the effect of artificial feed on the growth and development of the tomato leafminer. Background Technology
[0002] The tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)) belongs to the family Gelechiidae in the order Lepidoptera. Since its initial discovery and naming in Peru in 1917, it has spread widely across many major tomato-producing regions worldwide, becoming a significant invasive pest threatening the tomato industry. As the vegetable crop with the highest production value and economic benefits in my country, tomatoes are severely threatened by this insect. First discovered in August 2017 in the Yili region of Xinjiang, my country, the insect primarily causes damage during its larval stage by boring into leaves, tender stems, and fruits. It has now spread to most tomato-growing areas in China, posing a continuous pressure on production.
[0003] The insect's development consists of four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Eggs are initially milky white, gradually turning orange-yellow, and are mostly laid scattered on leaves and stems. Larvae have chewing mouthparts and go through four instars; their body color changes from milky yellow and white to green with each instar, with some individuals exhibiting red stripes on their backs and significant constriction between body segments. Pupae are cylindrical, changing color from bright green to brown. Adults are light gray to grayish-brown, with a horseshoe-shaped tuft of short hairs at the end of the abdomen. Due to the small size and concealed nature of its eggs and young larvae, and the fact that adults can lay eggs on the calyx of fruits, allowing larvae to directly invade the fruit, this insect easily spreads over long distances with the transport of seedlings and fruits, significantly increasing the difficulty of control.
[0004] Current research on the tomato leafminer focuses primarily on its biological characteristics, morphological identification, and field control techniques, while research on standardized artificial feeds and supporting rearing techniques suitable for this insect is relatively lacking. Regarding the acquisition of experimental insects, relying on host plants for rearing requires a large number of tomato plants and space, and the process is lengthy; wild collection is limited by season and region, making it difficult to consistently supply a sufficient number of experimental insects. Furthermore, this insect exhibits overlapping generations and high reproductive capacity, and control relies on chemical methods. However, long-term use of single pesticides has led to the emergence of resistant populations. Therefore, research on developing novel green control agents, conducting resistance management, and screening of mixed pesticides all require a large number of healthy test insects in a consistent physiological state.
[0005] Therefore, preparing artificial feed and carrying out indoor artificial rearing can provide a reliable source of insects for biological, ecological and toxicological research on tomato leafminer, and can also provide key technical support for resistance monitoring, pesticide screening and the formulation of integrated management strategies, which has important scientific research value and application prospects. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental method for studying the effects of artificial feed on the growth and development of the tomato leafminer. By controlling the feed formulation, this invention aims to solve the problems of unstable insect sources, high costs, long cycles, and large individual differences caused by reliance on host plants for feeding in the prior art.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides an artificial feed, wherein the formulation of the artificial feed consists of a first component, a second component, and an agar solution;
[0008] The first component is a mixture of at least one of the following: 15 g soybean flour, 1.5 g cellulose, 9 g germ powder, 6 g soybean protein, 12 g sucrose, 0.28 g choline chloride, 3 g Wiener salt, casein, and 10.5 g brewer's yeast, with 100 mL of purified water.
[0009] The second component consists of 15 g corn flour, 1.2 g oxalic acid, 0.36 g sorbic acid, 0.6 g methylparaben, 0.01 g tetracycline, and vitamin solution. a 3 mL, formaldehyde solution 0.4-0.5 mL, multivitamins b 2.4 g, white kidney bean powder 2.4 g, cholesterol 0.1 g, raw flaxseed oil 1 mL or tomato leaf juice c At least one of the following in 30 mL;
[0010] The agar solution is a mixture of 3-4 g of agar and 70-100 mL of purified water;
[0011] The artificial feed includes three formulations: formulation one, formulation two, and formulation three.
[0012] Preferably, the formaldehyde solution is a 37% formaldehyde solution, and the vitamin solution... a The multivitamin is a mixture of 0.01 g of a specific vitamin and 10 g of water. b The tomato leaf juice is a mixture of nicotinamide 2086.4 mg, folic acid 524.8 mg, vitamin B1 524.8 mg, biotin 51.2 mg, vitamin B2 1049.6 mg, calcium pantothenate 2086.4 mg, vitamin B6 524.8 mg, Wiener salt 1216 mg, and vitamin B1 212.8 mg. c It is obtained by grinding 10g of tomato leaves with 100mL of water.
[0013] Preferred,
[0014] The first component of Formula 1 consists of 15 g soybean flour, 1.5 g cellulose, 9 g germ powder, 6 g soybean protein, 12 g sucrose, 0.28 g choline chloride, 3 g Wiener salt, casein, 10.5 g brewer's yeast, and 100 mL purified water; the second component consists of 1.2 g oxalic acid, 0.36 g sorbic acid, 0.6 g methylparaben, 0.01 g tetracycline, and vitamin solution. a 3 mL of formaldehyde solution and 0.4-0.5 mL of agar solution; the agar solution is a mixture of 3.5 g of agar and 80 mL of purified water.
[0015] The first component of Formula 2 consists of 15 g soybean flour, 1.5 g cellulose, 9 g germ powder, 6 g soybean protein, 12 g sucrose, 0.28 g choline chloride, 3 g Wiener salt, 10.5 g casein, 7.5 g brewer's yeast, and 100 mL purified water; the second component consists of 15 g corn flour, 1.2 g oxalic acid, 0.36 g sorbic acid, 0.6 g methylparaben, 0.01 g tetracycline, 0.5 mL formaldehyde solution, and multivitamins. b 2.4 g of white kidney bean powder, 2.4 g of cholesterol, 0.1 g of raw flaxseed oil, and 1 mL of agar solution; the agar solution is a mixture of 4 g of agar and 100 mL of purified water.
[0016] The first component of Formula 3 consists of 15 g soybean flour, 1.5 g cellulose, 9 g germ powder, 6 g soybean protein, 12 g sucrose, 0.28 g choline chloride, 3 g Wiener salt, 10.5 g casein, 7.5 g brewer's yeast, and 100 mL purified water; the second component consists of 15 g corn flour, 1.2 g antioxidant acid, 0.36 g sorbic acid, 0.6 g methylparaben, 0.01 g tetracycline, 0.5 mL formaldehyde solution, and multivitamins. b 2.4 g, white kidney bean powder 2.4 g, cholesterol 0.1 g, raw flaxseed oil 1 mL, tomato leaf juice c 30 mL; the agar solution is a mixture of 4 g of agar and 70 mL of purified water.
[0017] Preferably, the artificial feed is stored at a low temperature, specifically 2-6 °C.
[0018] The present invention further provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned artificial feed.
[0019] Preferably, the steps include:
[0020] S1. Sterilization: Place the prepared first component and agar solution into separate beakers, seal them, and perform moist heat sterilization for 30 min at a temperature of 120 ℃. After sterilization, cool to 60 ℃.
[0021] S2. Mixing: The cooled first component and the agar solution are mixed to obtain the first mixture. The second component is added directly or mixed and then added to the first mixture. The mixture is stirred to obtain the artificial feed.
[0022] The present invention further provides the application of the above-mentioned artificial feed in the preparation of products that affect the growth and development of tomato leafminer.
[0023] Preferably, the artificial feed has the following effects on the tomato leafminer: prolonging the larval stage, reducing the larval survival rate, reducing the pupation rate, prolonging the pupal stage, and reducing the emergence rate.
[0024] Preferably, the method for influencing the growth and development of the tomato leafminer includes the following steps:
[0025] (1) Feed pretreatment: After the artificial feed is left to stand in an artificial climate chamber for half an hour, it is divided into standard feed blocks;
[0026] (2) Inoculation: The tested tomato leafminer larvae were inoculated into containers containing the feed blocks at a density of 2-5 larvae per container;
[0027] (3) Feeding: Feeding is carried out at 25±1 ℃.
[0028] Preferably, the standardized feed block in step (1) is a cylindrical feed block with a diameter of 1.5 cm obtained by pressing and cutting through a finger-shaped tube opening, and is packaged into sterilized finger-shaped tubes.
[0029] Preferably, the inoculation density in step (2) is 3 larvae per finger tube, and the tomato leafminer larvae are placed about 1 cm away from the feed block.
[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are:
[0031] 1. A dedicated artificial feed formulation system for tomato leafminer is provided: This invention proposes three artificial feed formulations with clear components and precise proportions (Formula 1, Formula 2, and Formula 3), which simulate the key chemical information or nutrients of the natural host, providing a material basis for the standardized indoor rearing of tomato leafminer.
[0032] 2. A standardized preparation and feeding method was established: This invention not only provides feed formulations but also clarifies the complete technical process, including moist heat sterilization, low-temperature preservation, standardized packaging of feed blocks, specific inoculation density, and feeding conditions. This method is standardized, highly reproducible, and effectively ensures the quality stability of feed batches, providing a reliable guarantee for obtaining experimental insects with consistent physiological states.
[0033] 3. Effectively solves the problem of dependence on natural hosts: By applying the artificial feed and method provided by this invention, it is possible to break free from dependence on large quantities of fresh tomato plants, thereby reducing feeding costs, shortening the preparation cycle, and eliminating seasonal and geographical limitations, enabling a stable and large-scale supply of insect sources year-round. It also solves the problems of large individual differences in test insects and high volatility in experimental results caused by variations in host plant quality and unstable supply.
[0034] 4. Significant practical value and potential for promotion: The feed formula provided by this invention uses readily available raw materials, has a simple preparation process, and the feeding method is easy to implement and standardize under conventional laboratory conditions. It has important practical significance for promoting the continuous and in-depth research and integrated management of tomato leafminer. Attached Figure Description
[0035] Figure 1 The difference in pupal weight of tomato leafminer under different feeding conditions in this invention is indicated by the letters a, b, and c, which are marked as significant from largest to smallest based on the average value. Different letters indicate that there is a significant difference after one-way ANOVA with P < 0.05. Detailed Implementation
[0036] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods.
[0037] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.
[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.
[0039] Example 1: Preparation of Artificial Feed
[0040] 1. Experimental conditions
[0041] Tomato leaves infested with tomato leafminer eggs or larvae were collected from the greenhouse of the Plant Protection Station at Tarim University and brought back to the artificial climate chamber for indoor rearing. The indoor temperature was 25±1.5 ℃, the relative humidity was 65%±5%, and the photoperiod L:D=16:8. After about 3 months, laboratory insect sources with 3 consecutive generations were obtained. The obtained laboratory adults were transferred to insect rearing cages containing multiple sets of hydroponic tomatoes to lay eggs. After 3 days, the tomato leafminer eggs on the leaves were swept into multiple finger-shaped tubes with a small brush, the bottom of the finger-shaped tubes were covered, and the tubes were sealed with absorbent cotton. 4 mL of sterile water was added to the absorbent cotton to maintain the humidity inside the test tubes. The larvae that hatched in the finger-shaped tubes were the test insect sources.
[0042] 2. Preparation
[0043] (1) Formula 1:
[0044] S1. Sterilization: The first component (a mixture of soybean flour, cellulose, germ powder, soybean protein, sucrose, choline chloride, Wechsler salt, casein, brewer's yeast and 100 mL of water) and the agar solution (a mixture of 3.5 g of agar and 80 mL of water) were placed in separate beakers. After sealing both, they were placed in a moist heat sterilization environment at 120 °C for 30 min.
[0045] S2. Mixing: When the temperature of both components drops to around 60°C, mix the first component with the agar solution to obtain the first mixture. Then, mix the second component (antioxidant, sorbic acid, methylparaben, tetracycline, vitamin solution) with the agar solution to obtain the first mixture. a Add the formaldehyde solution directly to the first solution, stir well, and then pour into a petri dish. After the feed cools to room temperature, cover the dish and store it in a 4°C refrigerator for later use.
[0046] (2) Formula 2:
[0047] S1. Sterilization: Place the first component (a mixture of soybean flour, cellulose, germ powder, soybean protein, sucrose, choline chloride, Wechsler salt, casein, brewer's yeast and 100 mL of water) and the agar solution (a mixture of 4 g of agar and 100 mL of water) into separate beakers, seal them, and sterilize them by moist heat at 120 °C for 30 min.
[0048] S2. Mixing: When the temperature of both components drops to around 60°C, mix the first component with the agar solution to obtain the first mixture. Then, mix the second component (corn flour, oxalic acid, sorbic acid, methylparaben, tetracycline, formaldehyde solution, multivitamins) to obtain the first mixture. b Add white kidney bean powder, cholesterol, and raw flaxseed oil directly to the first mixture, stir well, and then pour into a petri dish. After the feed cools to room temperature, cover the dish and store it in a 4°C refrigerator for later use.
[0049] (3) Formula 3
[0050] S1. Sterilization: The first component (a mixture of soybean flour, cellulose, germ powder, soybean protein, sucrose, choline chloride, Wechsler salt, casein, brewer's yeast and 100 mL of water) and the agar solution (a mixture of 4 g of agar and 70 mL of water) were placed in separate beakers. After sealing both, they were placed in a moist heat sterilization environment at 120 °C for 30 min.
[0051] S2. Mixing: When the temperature of both components drops to around 60°C, mix the first component with the agar solution to obtain the first mixture. Then, mix the second component (corn flour, oxalic acid, sorbic acid, methylparaben, tetracycline, formaldehyde solution, multivitamins) to obtain the first mixture. b White kidney bean powder, cholesterol, raw flaxseed oil, tomato leaf juice c After mixing, add the mixture to the first solution, stir well, and pour into a petri dish. Once the feed has cooled to room temperature, cover the dish and store it in a 4°C refrigerator for later use.
[0052] The specific ingredients and their contents are shown in Table 1.
[0053] Table 1. Ingredients and Content of Artificial Feed for Tomato Leafminer
[0054]
[0055] Vitamin solutions in the table a It is prepared by mixing 0.01 g of vitamin A with 10 g of water; multivitamins b A mixture consisting of nicotinamide 2086.4 mg, folic acid 524.8 mg, vitamin B1 524.8 mg, biotin 51.2 mg, vitamin B2 1049.6 mg, calcium pantothenate 2086.4 mg, vitamin B6 524.8 mg, Wiener salt 1216 mg, and vitamin B12 12.8 mg; tomato leaf juice c The tomato leaf extract is made by grinding 10g of tomato leaves with 100mL of distilled water. The agar solution is prepared by mixing agar powder and the corresponding amount of purified water and sterilizing it by moist heat at 120℃ for 30 minutes. It is then used when the temperature drops to around 60℃.
[0056] Application Example 1: The Effects of Artificial Feed on the Growth of Tomato Leafminer
[0057] 1. Experimental Methods
[0058] (1) Feed pretreatment: Before the experiment, take the feed out of the refrigerator and place it in the artificial climate chamber for half an hour. When the feed temperature is close to the room temperature, press the feed with the sterilized finger tube opening and cut out round feed with a diameter of 1.5 cm. Use tweezers to insert the round feed into the sterilized finger tube.
[0059] (2) Inoculation: Use a small brush to pick up the test larvae and place them about 1 cm away from the feed, and seal the tube with absorbent cotton. 120 larvae were fed each type of feed, 10 tubes per group, 3 larvae in each tube, and 4 groups of repeated experiments were conducted.
[0060] (3) Rearing: Tomato branches and leaves were placed in plastic cups for hydroponic treatment. Each cup of hydroponic tomato leaves was one group, and 30 larvae were placed in each group. Four groups were repeated. The indoor temperature was controlled at around 25 ℃. The growth and development of the larvae were observed and recorded, the larval stage was recorded, and the larval survival rate and pupation rate were calculated.
[0061] After pupation, remove and weigh the pupae. Place each pupae in a centrifuge tube to await emergence, and record the pupal stage and emergence rate. Pair the emerging adults and place them in a finger-shaped tube to lay eggs. Supplement their nutrition with a 5% sucrose solution using a defatted cotton ball, and record the adult lifespan, egg production, hatching rate, and egg stage.
[0062] 2. Experimental Results
[0063] Data analysis: One-way ANOVA was performed using SPSS 22.0. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The significance of the two normally distributed data was determined by GraphPad Prism t-test and a bar chart was plotted.
[0064] 2.1 Effects of different diets on the growth and development of tomato leafminer larvae and pupae
[0065] Comparing the growth of the tomato leafminer under different diets revealed that the tomato leafminer could survive on all three types of artificial feeds. However, compared to natural feeds, the development period of larvae and pupae was longer and the larval survival rate was lower on the three types of artificial feeds. Specific results are shown in Table 2.
[0066] Table 2. Developmental stages and survival of tomato leafminer larvae and pupae under different food conditions.
[0067]
[0068] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard deviation. The significance levels are marked as a, b, and c according to the mean from largest to smallest. Different lowercase letters indicate that there are significant differences among different tomato varieties under the same parameter (P < 0.05).
[0069] The results showed that the average larval and pupal stages of the tomato leafminer were longer in the artificial diet than in the natural diet of tomato leaves, with significant differences (P < 0.05). Formula 1 had the closest average larval and pupal stages (20.69 days and 9.47 days, respectively) to the tomato leaf diet group (14.89 days and 7.14 days), with no significant differences in larval survival rate, pupation rate, and emergence rate (P > 0.05). Formulas 2 and 3 had very low larval survival rates (33.33% and 39.17%, respectively), and their pupation and emergence rates were also significantly different from the tomato leaf diet group (P < 0.05), making them unsuitable for rearing tomato leafminer larvae. Therefore, Formula 1 showed the best rearing effect among the artificial diets.
[0070] 2.2 Differences in pupa weight of tomato leafminer under different feed conditions
[0071] Observations were conducted daily at 4 PM, and pupae were weighed on the same day they pupated, using a 0.1% balance. Results showed that the average pupal weight in all four groups was approximately 3 mg. Figure 1 The significance levels in the figure are marked as a, b, and c according to the average value from largest to smallest. Different letters indicate that there is a significant difference after one-way ANOVA (P < 0.05). Overall, the average pupal weight of the tomato leaf group was greater than that of the artificial feed group, but there was no significant difference between the pupal weight of formula 1 (3.28 mg) and the pupal weight of tomato leaf group (3.40 mg) (P > 0.05).
[0072] 2.3 Effects of different diets on adult tomato leafminer moths and their eggs
[0073] Tomato leafminer moths were introduced in pairs after emergence, and their adult lifespan, egg production per female, hatching rate, and egg stage were observed. The specific results are shown in Table 3.
[0074] Table 3. Adult lifespan, egg production per female, hatching rate, and egg stage of the tomato leafminer under different food conditions.
[0075]
[0076] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard deviation. The significance levels are marked as a, b, and c according to the mean from largest to smallest. Different lowercase letters indicate that there are significant differences among different tomato varieties under the same parameter (P < 0.05).
[0077] The results showed that the average adult lifespan and average number of eggs laid per female in the tomato leaf group were higher than those in the formula group, and the differences between the groups were significant (P < 0.05). Among the three artificial feeds, Formula 1 had the longest adult survival time and the highest number of eggs laid per female, exceeding the other two, indicating the strongest reproductive capacity.
[0078] There were no significant differences in hatching rate and egg stage between the tomato leaf group and the formula group (P>0.05). The hatching rate and egg stage of the three artificial feeds and natural food were quite similar.
[0079] In summary, the larval developmental duration of tomato leafminer reared on tomato leaves and with Formula 1 was 14.89 days and 20.69 days, respectively; the pupal stage was 7.14 days and 9.47 days, respectively; the adult stage was 31.98 days and 29.54 days, respectively; and the egg stage was 4.47 days and 4.67 days, respectively. All developmental stages except the egg stage showed significant differences. The larval survival rate was 81.67% and 70.83%, respectively; the pupation rate was 90.84% and 89.72%, respectively; the emergence rate was 87.62% and 89.73%, respectively; and the hatching rate was 81.58% and 80.71%, respectively. There were no significant differences in survival rates at any stage. The pupal weight was 3.28 mg and 3.40 mg, respectively, with no significant difference. The number of eggs laid per female was 101.54 and 74.79, respectively, showing a highly significant difference. Formulas 2 and 3 showed lower larval survival rates, not exceeding 50%, and longer developmental stages compared to Formula 1. Egg production was also significantly lower, resulting in less than ideal rearing outcomes. However, all three artificial feeds enabled the larvae to complete their entire life cycle. Therefore, Formula 1 showed the best performance among the three artificial feeds, as its data were closer to those of the tomato leafminer group. It can be used for the artificial rearing of tomato leafminers.
[0080] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. An artificial feed, characterized in that: The formula of the artificial feed consists of a first component, a second component, and an agar solution; The first component is a mixture of at least one of the following: 15 g soybean flour, 1.5 g cellulose, 9 g germ powder, 6 g soybean protein, 12 g sucrose, 0.28 g choline chloride, 3 g Wiener salt, casein, and 10.5 g brewer's yeast, with 100 mL of purified water. The second component consists of 15 g corn flour, 1.2 g oxalic acid, 0.36 g sorbic acid, 0.6 g methylparaben, 0.01 g tetracycline, and vitamin solution. a 3 mL, formaldehyde solution 0.4-0.5 mL, multivitamins b 2.4 g, white kidney bean powder 2.4 g, cholesterol 0.1 g, raw flaxseed oil 1 mL or tomato leaf juice c At least one of the following in 30 mL; The agar solution is a mixture of 3-4 g of agar and 70-100 mL of purified water; The artificial feed includes three formulations: formulation one, formulation two, and formulation three.
2. The artificial feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formaldehyde solution is a 37% formaldehyde solution, and the vitamin solution... a The multivitamin is a mixture of 0.01 g of a specific vitamin and 10 g of water. b The tomato leaf juice is a mixture of nicotinamide 2086.4 mg, folic acid 524.8 mg, vitamin B1 524.8 mg, biotin 51.2 mg, vitamin B2 1049.6 mg, calcium pantothenate 2086.4 mg, vitamin B6 524.8 mg, Wiener salt 1216 mg, and vitamin B12 12.8 mg. c It is obtained by grinding 10g of tomato leaves with 100mL of water.
3. The artificial feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first component of Formula 1 consists of 15 g soybean flour, 1.5 g cellulose, 9 g germ powder, 6 g soybean protein, 12 g sucrose, 0.28 g choline chloride, 3 g Wiener salt, casein, 10.5 g brewer's yeast, and 100 mL purified water; the second component consists of 1.2 g oxalic acid, 0.36 g sorbic acid, 0.6 g methylparaben, 0.01 g tetracycline, and vitamin solution. a 3 mL of formaldehyde solution and 0.4-0.5 mL of agar solution; the agar solution is a mixture of 3.5 g of agar and 80 mL of purified water. The first component of Formula 2 consists of 15 g soybean flour, 1.5 g cellulose, 9 g germ powder, 6 g soybean protein, 12 g sucrose, 0.28 g choline chloride, 3 g Wiener salt, 10.5 g casein, 7.5 g brewer's yeast, and 100 mL purified water; the second component consists of 15 g corn flour, 1.2 g antioxidant acid, 0.36 g sorbic acid, 0.6 g methylparaben, 0.01 g tetracycline, 0.5 mL formaldehyde solution, and multivitamins. b 2.4 g of white kidney bean powder, 2.4 g of cholesterol, 0.1 g of raw flaxseed oil, and 1 mL of agar solution; the agar solution is a mixture of 4 g of agar and 100 mL of purified water. The first component of Formula 3 consists of 15 g soybean flour, 1.5 g cellulose, 9 g germ powder, 6 g soybean protein, 12 g sucrose, 0.28 g choline chloride, 3 g Wiener salt, 10.5 g casein, 7.5 g brewer's yeast, and 100 mL purified water; the second component consists of 15 g corn flour, 1.2 g antioxidant acid, 0.36 g sorbic acid, 0.6 g methylparaben, 0.01 g tetracycline, 0.5 mL formaldehyde solution, and multivitamins. b 2.4 g, white kidney bean powder 2.4 g, cholesterol 0.1 g, raw flaxseed oil 1 mL, tomato leaf juice c 30 mL; the agar solution is a mixture of 4 g of agar and 70 mL of purified water.
4. The artificial feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The artificial feed is stored at a low temperature, specifically 2-6 °C.
5. The method for preparing artificial feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Sterilization: Place the prepared first component and agar solution into separate beakers, seal them, and perform moist heat sterilization for 30 minutes at a temperature of 120 ℃. After sterilization, cool to 60 ℃. S2. Mixing: The cooled first component and the agar solution are mixed to obtain the first mixture. The second component is added directly or mixed and then added to the first mixture. The mixture is stirred to obtain the artificial feed.
6. Application of artificial feed in the preparation of products that affect the growth and development of tomato leafminer.
7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that: The effects of the artificial feed on the tomato leafminer are to prolong the larval stage, reduce larval survival rate, reduce pupation rate, prolong the pupal stage, and reduce the emergence rate.
8. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for influencing the effects of artificial feed on the growth and development of tomato leafminer includes the following steps: (1) Feed pretreatment: After the artificial feed is left to stand in an artificial climate chamber for half an hour, it is divided into standard feed blocks; (2) Inoculation: The tested tomato leafminer larvae were inoculated into containers containing the feed blocks at a density of 2-5 larvae per container; (3) Feeding: Feeding is carried out at 25±1 ℃.
9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that: The standardized feed block mentioned in step (1) is a cylindrical feed block with a diameter of 1.5 cm obtained by pressing and cutting through the finger-shaped tube opening, and then packaged into sterilized finger-shaped tubes.
10. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inoculation density in step (2) is 3 larvae per finger tube, and the tomato leafminer larvae are placed about 1 cm away from the feed block.