Preparation technology and application of micro-carbonized ganoderma lucidum spore powder

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation, in particular to a micro-carbonized ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, a raw material selection and preparation stage; s2, a raw material pretreatment stage; s3, a laser nanometer carbonization treatment stage; s4, an infrared synergistic heating activation stage; s5, a dynamic monitoring and parameter feedback stage; s6, a cooling and collecting stage; the invention aims to provide a micro-carbonized ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and application thereof to solve the problems that an existing ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology lacks a standardized operation system, the links from raw material treatment to core processing highly depend on artificial experience, raw material screening does not have clear and unified purity, moisture content and heavy metal control standards, and the cost is low. And drying and screening operations during pretreatment are high in randomness, so that the problems of uneven raw material particles and impurity residues are easily caused are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology, specifically a micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is the tiny oval reproductive cell ejected from the gills of Ganoderma lucidum during its growth and maturation period. It is essentially the seed of Ganoderma lucidum. Its size is so small that it can only be clearly observed with the aid of a microscope. It concentrates the core nutrients of Ganoderma lucidum, including polysaccharides, triterpenoids, sterols and other active substances. It is a high-quality raw material in traditional Chinese medicine that has both health benefits and application potential, and has a broad application base in the health field. The existing Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation process lacks a standardized operating system. From raw material processing to core processing, it relies heavily on manual experience. There are no clear and unified standards for the purity, moisture content and heavy metal control of raw materials. The drying and sieving operations during pretreatment are highly arbitrary, which can easily lead to uneven raw material particles and impurity residues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and its application, in order to solve the problems in the existing Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation process in the background art, which lacks a standardized operating system, and relies heavily on manual experience from raw material processing to core processing links. There are no clear and unified standards for the purity, moisture content and heavy metal control of raw materials, and the drying and sieving operations during pretreatment are highly arbitrary, which can easily lead to uneven raw material particles and impurity residues.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and its application, the preparation method comprising the following steps: S1. Raw material selection and preparation stage: Select Ganoderma lucidum spore powder that meets the regulations as the core raw material, and match it with auxiliary materials that meet the specified standards, and clarify the specific specifications of the raw materials and auxiliary materials. S2. In the raw material pretreatment stage, the core raw materials are dried to remove excess moisture, and then sieving is used to remove lumps and impurities to obtain uniformly dispersed pretreated raw materials. S3, Laser Nanocarbonization Processing Stage: The pre-treated raw material is laid on a specific platform, and an auxiliary gas is introduced to form a protective atmosphere. A pulsed laser generator is used to scan the surface of the raw material. S4, Infrared Co-heating Activation Stage: The laser-treated raw material is transferred into the infrared heating equipment, a temperature detection element is inserted and connected to the data processing equipment, and constant temperature heating is performed according to the set parameters. S5. Dynamic monitoring and parameter feedback stage: During laser processing and infrared heating, raw material-related data are acquired through spectral acquisition equipment and microscopic observation equipment, and the data processing equipment analyzes and adjusts the process parameters. S6. Cooling and Collection Stage: After heating is completed, maintain a protective atmosphere to allow the raw materials to cool naturally. After screening, remove unqualified particles and transfer qualified products to designated storage equipment for preservation.

[0005] Preferably, the core raw material in the raw material selection and preparation stage is Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a cell wall breakage rate of ≥92%, which is obtained by breaking the cell wall of mature spores of Ganoderma lucidum or Ganoderma sinense fungi of the Ganoderma family, and meets the GB / T29344 standard; the purity of the raw material is ≥98%, the initial moisture content is ≤12%, the heavy metals Pb≤0.5mg / kg, As≤0.3mg / kg, Cd≤0.1mg / kg, the total ash content is ≤6.0%, the acid-insoluble ash content is ≤1.0%, the initial β-glucan content is ≥12mg / g, and the initial oleanolic acid content is ≥0.8mg / g; the auxiliary materials include nitrogen gas and deionized water, the nitrogen gas purity is ≥99.9%, which meets the GB / T3864 standard, and the deionized water conductivity is ≤0.01mS / m, which meets the GB / T6682 Class I water requirements.

[0006] Preferably, the raw material pretreatment stage includes spreading the core raw material evenly on a 304 stainless steel tray, with a single tray thickness ≤3cm, placing it in a hot air circulating dryer, setting the temperature to 45℃ and the air velocity to 1.2m / s, and drying for 30 minutes, observing the raw material status every 10 minutes during this period; after drying, transferring the raw material to a vibrating screen, installing a 100-mesh 304 stainless steel screen, setting the vibration frequency to 1500 times / min and the amplitude to 5mm, screening for 3 minutes, and collecting the uniformly dispersed pretreated raw material; the equipment used includes a hot air circulating dryer and a vibrating screen, with the hot air circulating dryer having an effective volume of 10m³. 3 The temperature control range is 30-80℃, with a temperature control accuracy of ±1℃. The wind speed is adjustable from 0.8 to 2.0 m / s. The inner liner is made of 304 stainless steel and is equipped with a removable drying tray and dust filter. The vibrating screen is made of 304 stainless steel, with an adjustable vibration frequency of 800-1800 times / min and an adjustable amplitude of 3-8 mm. It is equipped with a sealed dust cover.

[0007] Preferably, the laser nano-carbonization process in the laser nano-carbonization stage includes uniformly spreading the pretreated raw material on the laser processing platform with a thickness of 2 mm, connecting a nitrogen cylinder to a flow controller, setting the nitrogen flow rate to 3 L / min, and continuously introducing nitrogen to form a protective atmosphere; starting the pulsed laser generator, setting the laser wavelength to 532 nm and the power density to 20 W / cm². 2The scanning speed is 5 mm / s, and the processing time is 10 min, keeping the laser beam perpendicular to the raw material surface. The equipment used includes a pulsed laser generator, a nitrogen flow controller, and a laser processing platform. The pulsed laser generator outputs a wavelength of 532 nm ± 10 nm, and its power density is adjustable from 10 to 50 W / cm². 2 Scanning speed adjustable from 0.1-10 mm / s, pulse width 10 ns, beam quality M 2 ≤1.2, equipped with a red light positioning system; nitrogen flow controller with flow adjustment range of 0-10L / min and accuracy of ±0.1L / min, equipped with a digital display screen; the laser processing platform is made of 304 stainless steel with a surface flatness error of ≤0.02mm and can be electrically adjusted in height.

[0008] Preferably, the infrared co-heating activation operation in the infrared co-heating activation stage includes transferring the laser-treated raw material into an infrared heating furnace, spreading it evenly on a 304 stainless steel baking tray with a single tray thickness ≤2cm; inserting a temperature detection element probe into the center of the raw material layer, connecting it to a data processing device, setting the heating temperature to 180℃ and the heating time to 2h, and starting the heating device; when the temperature deviation exceeds ±2℃, the data processing device automatically adjusts the power of the infrared radiation tube; the equipment used includes a medium-shortwave infrared heating furnace, thermocouples, and a data processor; the medium-shortwave infrared heating furnace has an infrared wavelength range of 1.5-4μm, a temperature control range of 50-300℃, a temperature control accuracy of ±1℃, a furnace volume of 50L, and is equipped with 3 sets of independent infrared radiation tubes with a total power of 3kW; the furnace door is equipped with a high-temperature resistant observation window; the thermocouple has a temperature measurement range of -200-1372℃ with an accuracy of ±0.5℃, and the probe has a stainless steel sheath with a diameter of 3mm; the data processor is equipped with an 8-channel analog input module with a sampling frequency of 1kHz and supports LabVIEW software programming.

[0009] Preferably, the dynamic monitoring and parameter feedback stage includes a laser processing stage, in which the spectral acquisition device is installed 50cm above the processing platform, the spectral acquisition range is set to 400-1000nm, the sampling interval is 1nm, and spectral data is acquired every 2 minutes; the microscopic observation device is set to a magnification of 1000x, and a microscopic image of the raw material surface is captured every 3 minutes; in the infrared heating stage, the spectral acquisition device continuously monitors the intensity of characteristic peaks, and the microscopic observation device observes the microporous structure every 5 minutes; all monitoring data are transmitted to the data processing device in real time, and when the porosity is lower than 1... The laser power density was increased by 20% at 5%, and the infrared heating time was extended by 10 minutes when the characteristic peak intensity did not reach the set threshold. The equipment used included a hyperspectral camera, a biological microscope, and a data processor. The hyperspectral camera had a spectral resolution of 2.8 nm, a spatial resolution of 10 μm, and was equipped with a CMOS sensor and a data transmission rate of 100 Mbps. The biological microscope had a magnification range of 100-1000x, was equipped with a phase contrast objective and a digital imaging system, and had ≥5 million pixels. The data processor had a built-in FPGA chip, a computing speed of ≥1 GHz, supported multi-device linkage control, and could store more than 300 sets of process data.

[0010] Preferably, the cooling and collection stage includes the following steps: after infrared heating, the infrared radiation tube is turned off, and nitrogen is continuously introduced for 30 minutes to allow the raw material to cool naturally to room temperature, with the cooling rate controlled at ≤10℃ / min; after cooling, the raw material is transferred to a vibrating screen, a 200-mesh 304 stainless steel screen is installed, the vibration frequency is set to 1800 times / min and the amplitude to 4mm, and the screening is carried out for 5 minutes; the qualified products after screening are transferred to a 4℃ sealed silo for storage, with a relative humidity of ≤65% and no direct sunlight; the equipment used includes a 200-mesh vibrating screen and a 4℃ sealed silo, the 200-mesh vibrating screen has a screen aperture of 75μm, the screen material is 304 stainless steel, the vibrating motor power is 0.75kW, and the operating noise is ≤75dB; the inner liner of the 4℃ sealed silo is made of 304 stainless steel, the outer layer is wrapped with 5cm of heat insulation cotton, equipped with a digital temperature display and moisture-proof silica gel desiccant, and a conical discharge port is provided at the bottom.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention utilizes an innovative process combining laser and infrared synergistic processing, along with dynamic monitoring and parameter feedback control, to achieve standardized and precise micro-carbonization processing of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder. This effectively avoids the problems of traditional processing relying on manual experience and experiencing large fluctuations in product quality. The drying and sieving operations in the pretreatment stage ensure the uniformity of the raw materials. The microporous structure constructed by laser processing provides a structural basis for the dissolution of active ingredients and the performance of specific functions, while infrared heating promotes the optimized transformation of active ingredients within the raw materials. The synergistic effect of both allows the product to retain its core active ingredients while forming structural characteristics that are more conducive to application. The entire process is tightly integrated and highly controllable, ensuring the consistency and stability of the quality of each batch of products.

[0012] 2. The micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder prepared by this invention is suitable for the development needs of various product forms and has a wide range of applications. The raw materials and auxiliary materials selected in the process all meet relevant standards, and the entire processing is carried out in a controlled environment without the introduction of any additional harmful components, ensuring the safety and applicability of the product. The structural and component advantages of the product give it unique value in specific application scenarios, and the finished product has mild storage conditions and a long shelf life, which facilitates subsequent transportation and promotion. At the same time, the equipment and operating procedures used in the process are suitable for large-scale production, which can reduce human error and loss in the production process, providing strong support for the industrialization and promotion of the technology. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] This invention provides a technology for preparing micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and its application. The preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Raw material selection and preparation stage: Select Ganoderma lucidum spore powder that meets the regulations as the core raw material, and match it with auxiliary materials that meet the specified standards, and clarify the specific specifications of the raw materials and auxiliary materials. S2. In the raw material pretreatment stage, the core raw materials are dried to remove excess moisture, and then sieving is used to remove lumps and impurities to obtain uniformly dispersed pretreated raw materials. S3, Laser Nanocarbonization Processing Stage: The pre-treated raw material is laid on a specific platform, and an auxiliary gas is introduced to form a protective atmosphere. A pulsed laser generator is used to scan the surface of the raw material. S4, Infrared Co-heating Activation Stage: The laser-treated raw material is transferred into the infrared heating equipment, a temperature detection element is inserted and connected to the data processing equipment, and constant temperature heating is performed according to the set parameters. S5. Dynamic monitoring and parameter feedback stage: During laser processing and infrared heating, raw material-related data are acquired through spectral acquisition equipment and microscopic observation equipment, and the data processing equipment analyzes and adjusts the process parameters. S6. Cooling and collection stage: After heating is completed, maintain a protective atmosphere to allow the raw materials to cool naturally. After screening, remove unqualified particles and transfer qualified products to designated storage equipment for preservation. Specifically, the core objectives of each stage are to ensure the compliance of raw materials, the homogenization of raw materials, the structuring of surfaces, the activation of components, the controllability of quality, and the purification of products. The stages are linked to form a closed loop to ensure that the process is replicable and the product quality is stable. The core equipment for each stage are: raw material screening equipment, drying and sieving equipment, laser and protective gas equipment, infrared heating and temperature control equipment, monitoring and data processing equipment, and cooling and storage equipment.

[0016] The core raw material in the raw material selection and preparation stage is Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a cell wall breakage rate of ≥92%. It is obtained by breaking the cell wall of mature spores of Ganoderma lucidum or Ganoderma sinense fungi of the Ganoderma family, which meets the GB / T29344 standard. The purity of the raw material is ≥98%, the initial moisture content is ≤12%, the heavy metals Pb≤0.5mg / kg, As≤0.3mg / kg, Cd≤0.1mg / kg, the total ash content is ≤6.0%, the acid-insoluble ash content is ≤1.0%, the initial β-glucan content is ≥12mg / g, and the initial oleanolic acid content is ≥0.8mg / g. The auxiliary materials include nitrogen and deionized water. The purity of nitrogen is ≥99.9%, which meets the GB / T3864 standard, and the conductivity of deionized water is ≤0.01mS / m, which meets the GB / T6682 Class I water requirements. Specifically, the core raw material is obtained by breaking down the cell walls of mature spores of Ganoderma lucidum or Ganoderma sinense fungi of the Ganoderma family. A cell wall breaking rate of ≥92% is to ensure that the active ingredients are fully exposed during the subsequent carbonization process. Compliance with GB / T29344 standard is the basic basis for raw material quality. A purity of ≥98% and the absence of visible impurities are to avoid impurities affecting the carbonization effect. An initial moisture content of ≤12% is to prevent excessive energy consumption or uneven carbonization in the subsequent drying process. Limits on heavy metals (Pb≤0.5mg / kg, As≤0.3mg / kg, Cd≤0.1mg / kg), total ash (≤6.0%), and acid-insoluble ash (≤1.0%) are key to ensuring the safety of the raw material. An initial β-glucan content of ≥12mg / g and an initial oleanolic acid content of ≥0.8mg / g are to ensure that the subsequent processes produce products with compliant effective ingredients. Among the auxiliary materials, nitrogen with a purity of ≥98% (compliant with GB / T3864 standard) is used to create an inert protective atmosphere to prevent oxidation of raw materials; deionized water with a conductivity of ≤0.01mS / m (compliant with GB / T6682 Class I water requirements) is used for equipment cleaning to prevent the introduction of impurities. Raw materials should be stored in a cool, dry environment (temperature ≤25℃, relative humidity ≤65%) to prevent mold or moisture absorption. The storage time should not exceed 6 months to ensure the activity of the raw materials.

[0017] The raw material pretreatment stage includes spreading the core raw material evenly on a 304 stainless steel tray, with a single tray thickness ≤3cm, placing it in a hot air circulating dryer, setting the temperature to 45℃ and the air velocity to 1.2m / s, and drying for 30 minutes, observing the raw material status every 10 minutes during this period; after drying, the raw material is transferred to a vibrating screen, equipped with a 100-mesh 304 stainless steel screen, setting the vibration frequency to 1500 times / min and the amplitude to 5mm, screening for 3 minutes, and collecting the uniformly dispersed pretreated raw material; the equipment used includes a hot air circulating dryer and a vibrating screen, with the hot air circulating dryer having an effective volume of 10m³. 3 Temperature control range 30-80℃, temperature control accuracy ±1℃, wind speed adjustable from 0.8-2.0m / s, inner liner made of 304 stainless steel, equipped with removable drying tray and dust filter; vibrating screen screen made of 304 stainless steel, vibration frequency adjustable from 800-1800 times / min, amplitude adjustable from 3-8mm, equipped with sealed dust cover; Specifically, the operational details are as follows: The core raw materials are spread evenly on 304 stainless steel trays (the material is corrosion-resistant and pollution-free), with a single tray thickness of ≤3cm to ensure uniform drying and avoid localized moisture residue; the hot air circulating dryer is set to a temperature of 45℃, a wind speed of 1.2m / s, and a drying time of 30min to gently remove excess moisture (final moisture content ≤8%), and the status is observed every 10min to prevent localized overheating; after drying, the material is transferred to a vibrating sieve (100-mesh screen), with a vibration frequency of 1500 times / min, an amplitude of 5mm, and a screening time of 3min to remove lumps and fine impurities, resulting in uniformly dispersed raw materials; Equipment requirements and functions: The equipment used was an HG-1000 hot air circulating dryer and a ZS-515 vibrating screen; the HG-1000 hot air circulating dryer had an effective volume of 10m³. 3 The temperature control range is 30-80℃ with a temperature control accuracy of ±1℃. The wind speed is adjustable from 0.8 to 2.0 m / s. The inner liner is made of 304 stainless steel and is equipped with a removable drying tray and dust filter. Its function is to precisely control the temperature and airflow, gently remove moisture from raw materials, and avoid damaging heat-sensitive active ingredients. The ZS-515 vibrating screen is made of 304 stainless steel. The vibration frequency is adjustable from 800 to 1800 times / min, and the amplitude is adjustable from 3 to 8 mm. It is equipped with a sealed dust cover. Its function is to ensure uniform particle size of raw materials through high-frequency vibration screening, prevent dust pollution, and lay the foundation for uniformity of subsequent laser scanning.

[0018] The laser nano-carbonization process includes uniformly spreading the pre-treated raw material on the laser treatment platform with a thickness of 2 mm; connecting a nitrogen cylinder to a flow controller and setting the nitrogen flow rate to 3 L / min to continuously create a protective atmosphere; and starting the pulsed laser generator, setting the laser wavelength to 532 nm and the power density to 20 W / cm². 2 The scanning speed is 5 mm / s, and the processing time is 10 min, keeping the laser beam perpendicular to the raw material surface. The equipment used includes a pulsed laser generator, a nitrogen flow controller, and a laser processing platform. The pulsed laser generator outputs a wavelength of 532 nm ± 10 nm, and its power density is adjustable from 10 to 50 W / cm². 2 Scanning speed adjustable from 0.1-10 mm / s, pulse width 10 ns, beam quality M 2 ≤1.2, equipped with a red light positioning system; nitrogen flow controller with flow adjustment range of 0-10L / min and accuracy of ±0.1L / min, equipped with a digital display screen; the laser processing platform is made of 304 stainless steel with a surface flatness error of ≤0.02mm and can be electrically adjusted in height; Specifically, the operational details are as follows: The pre-treated raw material is evenly spread on the laser processing platform (2mm thickness) to ensure uniform laser action on the material surface; a nitrogen cylinder is connected to a flow controller, and the nitrogen flow rate is set to 3L / min to create a stable inert protective atmosphere; the pulsed laser generator is started, and the laser wavelength is set to 532nm and the power density to 20W / cm². 2 The scanning speed is 5 mm / s and the processing time is 10 min. The laser beam is kept perpendicular to the surface of the raw material in order to accurately induce the formation of nanoscale micropores on the surface of the raw material. Equipment requirements and functions: The equipment used included an IPGYLP-H-30 pulsed laser generator, a QL-200 nitrogen flow controller, and a laser processing platform; the IPGYLP-H-30 pulsed laser generator had an output wavelength of 532nm±10nm and a power density adjustment range of 10-50W / cm². 2 Scanning speed adjustable from 0.1-10 mm / s, pulse width 10 ns, beam quality M 2 ≤1.2, equipped with a red light positioning system, its function is to accurately form a 50-200nm mesh microporous structure on the surface of the raw material through specific wavelength and power output, without damaging the internal active ingredients; QL-200 nitrogen flow controller with a flow adjustment range of 0-10L / min and an accuracy of ±0.1L / min, equipped with a digital display screen, its function is to accurately control the nitrogen flow, maintain a stable protective atmosphere, and avoid oxidation of the raw material; the laser processing platform is made of 304 stainless steel with a surface flatness error ≤0.02mm, and its height can be electrically adjusted, its function is to ensure uniform laying of raw materials and regular laser scanning path, and improve the uniformity of batch products.

[0019] The infrared co-heating activation stage involves transferring the laser-treated raw material into an infrared heating furnace, spreading it evenly on a 304 stainless steel baking tray with a single tray thickness ≤2cm; inserting a temperature detection element probe into the center of the raw material layer, connecting it to a data processing device, setting the heating temperature to 180℃ and the heating time to 2h, and starting the heating device; when the temperature deviation exceeds ±2℃, the data processing device automatically adjusts the power of the infrared radiation tubes; the equipment used includes a mid-to-shortwave infrared heating furnace, thermocouples, and a data processor; the mid-to-shortwave infrared heating furnace has an infrared wavelength range of 1.5-4μm, a temperature control range of 50-300℃, a temperature control accuracy of ±1℃, a furnace volume of 50L, and is equipped with 3 sets of independent infrared radiation tubes with a total power of 3kW; the furnace door is equipped with a high-temperature resistant observation window; the thermocouple has a temperature measurement range of -200-1372℃, an accuracy of ±0.5℃, and a stainless steel sheath with a diameter of 3mm; the data processor is equipped with an 8-channel analog input module, a sampling frequency of 1kHz, and supports LabVIEW software programming. Specifically, the operational details are as follows: After laser treatment, the raw materials are transferred to an infrared heating furnace and laid flat on a 304 stainless steel baking tray (the thickness of the material on a single tray is ≤2cm) to ensure uniform heating; the temperature detection element probe is inserted into the center of the raw material layer to accurately monitor the actual temperature of the raw materials and avoid the situation where only the ambient temperature inside the furnace is monitored, resulting in surface heat and internal coolness; the heating temperature is set to 180℃ and the heating time is 2 hours. If the temperature deviation exceeds ±2℃, the power of the infrared radiation tube is automatically adjusted to maintain a constant temperature heating environment. Equipment requirements and functions: The equipment used included a Heraeus HEG-03 mid-to-short-wave infrared heating furnace, OmegaK thermocouples, and an NIcRIO-9045 data processor. The Heraeus HEG-03 mid-to-short-wave infrared heating furnace has an infrared wavelength range of 1.5-4μm, a temperature control range of 50-300℃, a temperature control accuracy of ±1℃, a furnace volume of 50L, and is equipped with 3 independent infrared radiation tubes (total power 3kW). The furnace door has a high-temperature resistant observation window. Its function is to provide mid-to-short-wave infrared radiation to achieve uniform heating of the raw materials and promote the recombination of internal organic matter. The OmegaK thermocouple has a temperature measurement range of -200-1372℃, an accuracy of ±0.5℃, and a stainless steel sheath (3mm diameter) probe. Its function is to collect real-time data on the center temperature of the raw materials, providing a basis for temperature control. The NIcRIO-9045 data processor is equipped with an 8-channel analog input module, a sampling frequency of 1kHz, and supports LabVIEW software programming. Its function is to receive temperature data, construct closed-loop control, and automatically adjust the power of the radiation tubes to maintain the set temperature.

[0020] The dynamic monitoring and parameter feedback phase includes the laser processing stage, where the spectral acquisition device is installed 50cm above the processing platform, with a spectral acquisition range of 400-1000nm and a sampling interval of 1nm, acquiring spectral data every 2 minutes; the microscopic observation device is set to 1000x magnification, capturing microscopic images of the raw material surface every 3 minutes; in the infrared heating stage, the spectral acquisition device continuously monitors the intensity of characteristic peaks, and the microscopic observation device observes the microporous structure every 5 minutes; all monitoring data are transmitted to the data processing device in real time, and when the porosity is below 15%, The laser power density was increased by 20%, and the infrared heating time was extended by 10 minutes when the characteristic peak intensity did not reach the set threshold. The equipment used included a hyperspectral camera, a biological microscope, and a data processor. The hyperspectral camera had a spectral resolution of 2.8 nm, a spatial resolution of 10 μm, was equipped with a CMOS sensor, and had a data transmission rate of 100 Mbps. The biological microscope had a magnification range of 100-1000x, was equipped with a phase contrast objective and a digital imaging system, and had ≥5 million pixels. The data processor had a built-in FPGA chip, a computing speed of ≥1 GHz, supported multi-device linkage control, and could store more than 300 sets of process data. Specifically, the operation details are as follows: In the laser treatment stage, the hyperspectral camera is installed 50 cm above the treatment platform. The spectral acquisition range is set to 400 - 1000 nm, the sampling interval is 1 nm, and the spectral data is collected every 2 minutes to capture the spectral characteristics of the raw material composition changes. The microscope magnification is 1000 times, and the microscopic images are taken every 3 minutes to observe the formation of micropores. In the infrared heating stage, the hyperspectral camera continuously monitors the intensity of characteristic peaks, and the microscope observes the micropore structure every 5 minutes to track the component transformation and structural integrity. All data is transmitted to the data processor. When the porosity is lower than 15%, the laser power density is increased by 20%, and when the intensity of the characteristic peak does not reach the threshold, the infrared heating time is extended by 10 minutes to achieve the automatic adjustment of process parameters. Equipment requirements and functions: The equipment used includes the Specim FX17 hyperspectral camera, the Olympus BX53 biological microscope, and the NI cRIO-9045 data processor. The Specim FX17 hyperspectral camera has a spectral resolution of 2.8 nm, a spatial resolution of 10 μm, is equipped with a CMOS sensor, and has a data transmission rate of 100 Mbps. Its function is to accurately capture the spectral characteristics of raw material composition changes and feedback the transformation of core components such as ganoderic acid and polysaccharides. The Olympus BX53 biological microscope has a magnification range of 100 - 1000 times, is equipped with a phase contrast objective lens and a digital imaging system (pixel ≥ 5 million), and its function is to clearly observe the pore size, distribution uniformity, and structural integrity of nanoscale micropores. The NI cRIO-9045 data processor has an FPGA chip (operation speed ≥ 1 GHz) built-in, supports multi-device linkage control, can store more than 300 groups of process data, and its function is to integrate multi-device monitoring data, establish a correlation model of components, structures, and process parameters, achieve automatic feedback adjustment, and get rid of the dependence on manual experience.

[0021] In the cooling and collection stage, the cooling and collection operations include, after the infrared heating is completed, turning off the infrared radiation tube, continuously introducing nitrogen for 30 minutes to allow the raw material to cool naturally to room temperature, and controlling the cooling rate at ≤ 10 °C / min. After cooling, the raw material is transferred to a vibrating screen. A 200-mesh 304 stainless steel screen is installed, the vibration frequency is set to 1800 times / min, the amplitude is 4 mm, and screening is carried out for 5 minutes. The qualified products after screening are transferred to a 4 °C sealed silo for storage. The storage environment has a relative humidity of ≤ 65% and no direct sunlight. The equipment used includes a 200-mesh vibrating screen and a 4 °C sealed silo. The screen aperture of the 200-mesh vibrating screen is 75 μm, the screen material is 304 stainless steel, the vibration motor power is 0.75 kW, and the operating noise is ≤ 75 dB. The inner liner of the 4 °C sealed silo is made of 304 stainless steel, the outer layer is wrapped with 5 cm of thermal insulation cotton, equipped with a digital temperature display and a moisture-proof silica gel desiccant, and a conical discharge port is provided at the bottom. Specifically, the operational details are as follows: After infrared heating is completed, the infrared radiation tube is turned off, and nitrogen gas is continuously introduced for 30 minutes to maintain an inert atmosphere and prevent the raw materials from oxidizing during the cooling process; natural cooling to room temperature (cooling rate ≤10℃ / min) is to prevent excessive temperature difference from causing the microporous structure to collapse; after cooling, the product is transferred to a vibrating screen (200 mesh screen), with a vibration frequency of 1800 times / min, an amplitude of 4mm, and a screening time of 5 minutes to remove over-carbonized hard particles; qualified products are transferred to a 4℃ sealed silo for storage, with a relative humidity ≤65% and no direct sunlight, to prevent the product from absorbing moisture or the active ingredients from oxidizing; Equipment requirements and functions: The equipment used is a 200-mesh ZS-515 vibrating screen and a 4℃ sealed silo. The 200-mesh ZS-515 vibrating screen has a screen aperture of 75μm, the screen material is 304 stainless steel, the vibrating motor power is 0.75kW, and the operating noise is ≤75dB. Its function is to remove excessively carbonized particles through the fine mesh screen to ensure the uniformity of finished product particles. The 4℃ sealed silo has a 304 stainless steel inner liner, wrapped with 5cm of thermal insulation cotton, equipped with a digital temperature display and moisture-proof silica gel desiccant, and a conical discharge port at the bottom. Its function is to maintain a low-temperature and dry storage environment, prevent the product from absorbing moisture (avoiding the micropores from being blocked by moisture) and the oxidation of active ingredients, and extend the shelf life of the finished product to more than 12 months. The core characteristic of the product is that its surface has a network microporous structure of 50-200 nm, and its BET specific surface area is ≥40 m². 2 / g, β-glucan content ≥15mg / g, oleanolic acid content ≥1.2mg / g, moisture content ≤8%; when applied, micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder can be used as the core ingredient, combined with prebiotics, dietary fiber and other excipients to meet the needs of improving intestinal health.

[0022] The method of use and working principle of this invention are as follows: Usage: Select Ganoderma lucidum spore powder that meets the specified standards as the core raw material, and combine it with auxiliary materials that meet the specified standards. First, dry the core raw material to remove excess moisture, and then remove lumps and impurities through sieving to obtain a uniformly dispersed pre-treated raw material. Lay the pre-treated raw material on a specific platform, introduce auxiliary gas to form a protective atmosphere, and use a pulsed laser generator to scan the surface of the raw material. Then, transfer the laser-treated raw material to an infrared heating device, insert a temperature detection element and connect it to a data processing device, and perform constant temperature heating according to the set requirements. During the laser treatment and infrared heating process, acquire relevant data of the raw material through a spectral acquisition device and a microscopic observation device, and use the data processing device to analyze and adjust the process parameters. After heating, maintain the protective atmosphere to allow the raw material to cool naturally, remove unqualified particles through sieving, and transfer the qualified product to a designated storage device for preservation. When applying, this micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder can be used as a core component and combined with appropriate auxiliary materials to prepare related products.

[0023] Working Principle: Based on the core logic of charring traditional Chinese medicine to preserve its properties, the raw material pretreatment process removes excess moisture and impurities, ensuring uniform particle size and laying the foundation for subsequent processing. The laser treatment process utilizes pulsed lasers of specific wavelengths to precisely induce the formation of microporous structures on the raw material surface. The infrared heating process uses mid-to-short-wave infrared radiation to achieve overall constant-temperature heating of the raw material, promoting the recombination of organic matter and the conversion of active ingredients. The synergistic effect of these two processes achieves simultaneous optimization of the raw material's structure and composition. The dynamic monitoring and parameter feedback process captures changes in raw material composition using spectral acquisition equipment and observes the microstructure using microscopic observation equipment. Data processing equipment integrates the data and automatically adjusts process parameters to ensure stable and controllable product quality. The cooling and collection process is conducted under auxiliary gas protection to prevent oxidation or collapse of the porous structure. The resulting micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, with its unique structure and optimized composition, plays a corresponding role in various application scenarios.

[0024] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and its application, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Raw material selection and preparation stage: Select Ganoderma lucidum spore powder that meets the regulations as the core raw material, and match it with auxiliary materials that meet the specified standards, and clarify the specific specifications of the raw materials and auxiliary materials. S2. In the raw material pretreatment stage, the core raw materials are dried to remove excess moisture, and then sieving is used to remove lumps and impurities to obtain uniformly dispersed pretreated raw materials. S3, Laser Nanocarbonization Processing Stage: The pre-treated raw material is laid on a specific platform, and an auxiliary gas is introduced to form a protective atmosphere. A pulsed laser generator is used to scan the surface of the raw material. S4, Infrared Co-heating Activation Stage: The laser-treated raw material is transferred into the infrared heating equipment, a temperature detection element is inserted and connected to the data processing equipment, and constant temperature heating is performed according to the set parameters. S5. Dynamic monitoring and parameter feedback stage: During laser processing and infrared heating, raw material-related data are acquired through spectral acquisition equipment and microscopic observation equipment, and the data processing equipment analyzes and adjusts the process parameters. S6. Cooling and Collection Stage: After heating is completed, maintain a protective atmosphere to allow the raw materials to cool naturally. After screening, remove unqualified particles and transfer qualified products to designated storage equipment for preservation.

2. The micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core raw material in the raw material selection and preparation stage is Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a cell wall breakage rate of ≥92%. It is obtained by breaking down the cell wall of mature spores of Ganoderma lucidum or Ganoderma sinense, which are fungi of the Ganoderma family, and meets the GB / T29344 standard. The purity of the raw material is ≥98%, the initial moisture content is ≤12%, the heavy metals are Pb≤0.5mg / kg, As≤0.3mg / kg, Cd≤0.1mg / kg, the total ash content is ≤6.0%, the acid-insoluble ash content is ≤1.0%, the initial β-glucan content is ≥12mg / g, and the initial oleanolic acid content is ≥0.8mg / g. The auxiliary materials include nitrogen and deionized water. The purity of nitrogen is ≥99.9%, which meets the GB / T3864 standard, and the conductivity of deionized water is ≤0.01mS / m, which meets the GB / T6682 Class I water requirements.

3. The micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw material pretreatment stage includes spreading the core raw material evenly on a 304 stainless steel tray, with a single tray thickness ≤3cm, placing it in a hot air circulating dryer, setting the temperature to 45℃ and the air velocity to 1.2m / s, and drying for 30 minutes, observing the raw material status every 10 minutes during this period; after drying, the raw material is transferred to a vibrating screen, equipped with a 100-mesh 304 stainless steel screen, setting the vibration frequency to 1500 times / min and the amplitude to 5mm, screening for 3 minutes, and collecting the uniformly dispersed pretreated raw material; the equipment used includes a hot air circulating dryer and a vibrating screen, with the hot air circulating dryer having an effective volume of 10m³. 3 The temperature control range is 30-80℃, with a temperature control accuracy of ±1℃. The wind speed is adjustable from 0.8 to 2.0 m / s. The inner liner is made of 304 stainless steel and is equipped with a removable drying tray and dust filter. The vibrating screen is made of 304 stainless steel, with an adjustable vibration frequency of 800-1800 times / min and an adjustable amplitude of 3-8 mm. It is equipped with a sealed dust cover.

4. The micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser nano-carbonization process includes uniformly spreading the pre-treated raw material on the laser processing platform with a thickness of 2 mm; connecting a nitrogen cylinder to a flow controller; setting the nitrogen flow rate to 3 L / min; and continuously introducing nitrogen to create a protective atmosphere. The pulsed laser generator is then activated, with the laser wavelength set to 532 nm and the power density to 20 W / cm². 2 The scanning speed is 5 mm / s, and the processing time is 10 min, keeping the laser beam perpendicular to the raw material surface. The equipment used includes a pulsed laser generator, a nitrogen flow controller, and a laser processing platform. The pulsed laser generator outputs a wavelength of 532 nm ± 10 nm, and its power density is adjustable from 10 to 50 W / cm². 2 Scanning speed adjustable from 0.1-10 mm / s, pulse width 10 ns, beam quality M 2 ≤1.2, equipped with a red light positioning system; nitrogen flow controller with flow adjustment range of 0-10L / min and accuracy of ±0.1L / min, equipped with a digital display screen; the laser processing platform is made of 304 stainless steel with a surface flatness error of ≤0.02mm and can be electrically adjusted in height.

5. The micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared co-heating activation stage includes transferring the laser-treated raw material into an infrared heating furnace, spreading it evenly on a 304 stainless steel baking tray with a single tray thickness ≤2cm; inserting a temperature detection element probe into the center of the raw material layer, connecting it to a data processing device, setting the heating temperature to 180℃ and the heating time to 2h, and starting the heating device; when the temperature deviation exceeds ±2℃, the data processing device automatically adjusts the power of the infrared radiation tubes; the equipment used includes a mid-to-shortwave infrared heating furnace, thermocouples, and a data processor; the mid-to-shortwave infrared heating furnace has an infrared wavelength range of 1.5-4μm, a temperature control range of 50-300℃, a temperature control accuracy of ±1℃, a furnace volume of 50L, and is equipped with 3 sets of independent infrared radiation tubes with a total power of 3kW; the furnace door is equipped with a high-temperature resistant observation window; the thermocouple has a temperature measurement range of -200-1372℃, an accuracy of ±0.5℃, and the probe has a stainless steel sheath with a diameter of 3mm; the data processor is equipped with an 8-channel analog input module, a sampling frequency of 1kHz, and supports LabVIEW software programming.

6. The micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic monitoring and parameter feedback phase includes a laser processing stage, where a spectral acquisition device is installed 50cm above the processing platform, with a spectral acquisition range of 400-1000nm and a sampling interval of 1nm, acquiring spectral data every 2 minutes; a microscopic observation device with a magnification of 1000x is set, capturing a microscopic image of the raw material surface every 3 minutes; and an infrared heating stage, where the spectral acquisition device continuously monitors the intensity of characteristic peaks, and the microscopic observation device observes the microporous structure every 5 minutes; all monitoring data are transmitted to the data processing device in real time, and when the porosity is below 15%. The laser power density was increased by 20%, and the infrared heating time was extended by 10 minutes when the characteristic peak intensity did not reach the set threshold. The equipment used included a hyperspectral camera, a biological microscope, and a data processor. The hyperspectral camera had a spectral resolution of 2.8 nm, a spatial resolution of 10 μm, and was equipped with a CMOS sensor and a data transmission rate of 100 Mbps. The biological microscope had a magnification range of 100-1000x, was equipped with a phase contrast objective and a digital imaging system, and had ≥5 million pixels. The data processor had a built-in FPGA chip, a computing speed of ≥1 GHz, supported multi-device linkage control, and could store more than 300 sets of process data.

7. The micro-carbonized Ganoderma lucidum spore powder preparation technology and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling and collection phase includes the following steps: after infrared heating, the infrared radiation tube is turned off, and nitrogen is continuously introduced for 30 minutes to allow the raw material to cool naturally to room temperature, with the cooling rate controlled at ≤10℃ / min; after cooling, the raw material is transferred to a vibrating screen, fitted with a 200-mesh 304 stainless steel screen, with a vibration frequency of 1800 times / min and an amplitude of 4mm, and screened for 5 minutes; the qualified product after screening is transferred to a 4℃ sealed silo for storage, with a relative humidity ≤65% and no direct sunlight; the equipment used includes a 200-mesh vibrating screen and a 4℃ sealed silo, the 200-mesh vibrating screen has a screen aperture of 75μm, the screen material is 304 stainless steel, the vibrating motor power is 0.75kW, and the operating noise is ≤75dB; the inner liner of the 4℃ sealed silo is made of 304 stainless steel, wrapped with 5cm of insulation cotton, equipped with a digital temperature display and moisture-proof silica gel desiccant, and a conical discharge port at the bottom.

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