Edible mushroom composition with intestinal flora regulation function and preparation method thereof
By using traditional Chinese medicine theory to guide the formulation of edible fungi compositions and gradient self-assembly technology, the problems of unclear synergistic effects of components and release timing control in edible fungi health products have been solved. This has enabled rapid release of adjuvant drugs and slow release of principal drugs, thereby improving the immune regulation and intestinal regulation effects of the products.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHEJIANG FANGGE PHARMA
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing edible fungi health products lack systematic theoretical guidance, resulting in unclear synergistic effects among components, limited efficacy, and difficulty in controlling the release and absorption sequence of active ingredients in the body, thus affecting bioavailability.
The formulation of edible fungi based on the theory of "principal, assistant, adjuvant, and guide" in traditional Chinese medicine is adopted. The release of active ingredients is controlled in sequence through gradient self-assembly technology. Poria cocos polysaccharide is used as a carrier, and the cross-linking of sodium alginate and sodium tripolyphosphate forms an open and contractile gel network, which realizes the rapid release of adjuvant drugs and the slow release of principal drugs.
The edible fungi composition has achieved significant effects in regulating immunity, improving gut microbiota, and improving yang deficiency constitution, thereby enhancing product stability and bioavailability.
Smart Images
Figure CN121970889A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of health food technology, and in particular relates to an edible fungus composition based on the theory of "principal, assistant, adjuvant, and guide" in traditional Chinese medicine and its systematic synergistic preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Edible fungi are rich in bioactive substances such as polysaccharides, polypeptides, and triterpenes, possessing various physiological functions including immune regulation, anti-tumor activity, and antioxidant effects. Currently, there are many health products on the market with single or multiple edible fungi extracts as their main ingredients; however, most of these products suffer from the following shortcomings: (1) The formulation design is mostly based on the simple superposition of ingredients or empirical combination, lacking systematic theoretical guidance, resulting in unclear synergistic effects between components and single or limited efficacy; (2) The final product is mostly a physical mixture of various extracts. The release, absorption and action sequence of each component in the body are difficult to control, which may affect its overall bioavailability and expected synergistic effect.
[0003] Applying traditional Chinese medicine compound formula theory to edible fungi formulation is a promising direction, but the key lies in how to transform the theory into products with specific structures and functions through modern preparation technology. Conventional extraction, mixing, and granulation processes cannot achieve the orderly spatial distribution and controllable temporal release of active ingredients. Therefore, developing an edible fungi compound preparation that embodies the essence of traditional Chinese medicine formulation and has innovative structure and release characteristics, as well as its preparation method, is of great value. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides an edible fungi composition with intestinal flora regulation function and its preparation method, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problems.
[0005] This invention is achieved by providing an edible fungus composition with intestinal flora regulation function, comprising the following active components, in parts by weight: The principal component includes 12-17 parts of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide and 12-17 parts of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide; The main components of the medicine include 15-20 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 10-14 parts of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide, and 8-12 parts of Agaricus blazei polysaccharide; Adjuvant components: including lentinan, white lingzhi polysaccharide, white-backed auricularia polysaccharide and button mushroom polysaccharide, with each polysaccharide in 5-8 parts; The medicinal components include 4-6 parts of Poria cocos polysaccharide.
[0006] Preferably, the preparation method of the Ganoderma lucidum extract is as follows: The raw material of Ganoderma lucidum was extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction under the conditions of pressure 25-35 MPa and temperature 40-50℃ to obtain the fat-soluble components. After extraction, the residue is appropriately crushed (or rehydrated), purified water and compound enzyme are added for enzymatic hydrolysis, and hot water extraction is carried out at 85-95℃ (the material-liquid ratio is 1:10-20 (w / v)) for 2-3 hours. The extract is concentrated and then precipitated with alcohol to obtain water-soluble polysaccharide components. The two components are mixed to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract; the fat-soluble essence is first extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction, and then the residue is subjected to enzyme-assisted hot water extraction to obtain water-soluble polysaccharides. The two components are combined to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract with complete efficacy; preferably, the weight ratio of fat-soluble component to water-soluble polysaccharide component in the Ganoderma lucidum extract is 1:3 to 1:5.
[0007] Preferably, the preparation method of the fungal polysaccharides of the principal drug, adjuvant drug, and guiding drug is as follows: Extract the raw materials of Grifola frondosa and Cordyceps militaris with hot water at 88-92℃; Extract the raw materials of shiitake mushrooms, white lingzhi mushrooms, white-backed wood ear mushrooms and button mushrooms with hot water at 78-82℃; Poria cocos raw material was extracted with hot water at 68-72℃; After each extract was concentrated, it was enriched using an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cutoff of 10-500 kDa. The transmembrane pressure of the ultrafiltration was 0.1-0.3 MPa, and the concentration factor was 1 / 8 of the original volume. After drying, the refined polysaccharides of each fungus were obtained.
[0008] To target the functional roles of different fungi in compound preparations, extraction was performed at differentiated optimal temperatures (principal drug 88-92℃, adjuvant drug 78-82℃, and guide drug 68-72℃). The active polysaccharide fragments with target molecular weights (10-500 kDa) were then enriched by membrane separation to achieve function-oriented enrichment.
[0009] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned edible fungi composition with intestinal flora regulation function, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of Ganoderma lucidum extract; Preparation of S2, principal, adjuvant, and guiding fungal polysaccharides; S3. Using a gradient self-assembly process, with Poria cocos polysaccharide as the carrier matrix, first load the polysaccharides of shiitake mushroom, white lingzhi mushroom, white-backed wood ear fungus, and button mushroom obtained in step S2 onto the outer layer of the carrier, and then load the Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained in step S1 and the polysaccharides of Grifola frondosa, Cordyceps militaris, Hericium erinaceus, and Agaricus blazei obtained in step S2 onto the inside of the carrier, and form composite particles after drying.
[0010] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31. Dissolve the Poria cocos polysaccharide obtained in step S2 and sodium alginate in water to form a carrier solution. The weight ratio of Poria cocos polysaccharide to sodium alginate is 3-8:1. Adjust the pH to 5.0-6.0. S32. While stirring, add the polysaccharides from shiitake mushrooms, white oyster mushrooms, white-backed wood ear mushrooms, and button mushrooms obtained in step S2. Simultaneously adjust the pH to 3.5-4.5 and add a calcium ion source. The amount of calcium ion source added is based on the amount of calcium ions (Ca). 2+ The calcium ion source is 5%-15% of the weight of sodium alginate, preferably calcium chloride solution, to form a rapid release layer of adjuvant. S33. Add the Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained in step S1 and the polysaccharides of Grifola frondosa, Cordyceps militaris, Hericium erinaceus, and Agaricus blazei obtained in step S2. Adjust the pH to 6.8-7.4 and add sodium tripolyphosphate. The amount of sodium tripolyphosphate added is 10%-20% of the weight of sodium alginate. Sodium tripolyphosphate is added in the form of an aqueous solution to form a slow-release core of the principal and assistant drugs. S34. Finally, the system is spray-dried to obtain composite particles (50-200 micrometers).
[0011] Using Poria cocos polysaccharide as the core carrier material, in conjunction with sodium alginate, under acidic conditions, Ca... 2+ Sodium alginate was induced to rapidly form a primary gel network that permeated the entire structure, capturing the adjuvant polysaccharides within it to form an open gel network structure. Subsequently, the principal and adjuvant drug components were added, and the pH was adjusted to neutral. Sodium tripolyphosphate was introduced simultaneously. The pH increase enhanced the electronegativity of sodium alginate and network contraction. The addition of sodium tripolyphosphate initiated the reaction with Ca... 2+ The competitive cross-linking leads to dynamic reconstruction of the gel network. In this environment, due to changes in solubility and the bridging effect of sodium tripolyphosphate, the principal and adjuvant components tend to aggregate inside the gel network and are tightly wrapped by the shrinking network, thus forming a slow-release core. The open gel network under acidic conditions makes it easy for the adjuvant polysaccharide to come into contact with gastrointestinal fluid, achieving rapid release. The encapsulation effect of network contraction under neutral conditions reduces the dissolution of the principal and adjuvant drugs in the upper gastrointestinal tract, achieving slow release in the intestine. Through process control, the sequential release of the adjuvant drug first and the principal drug later can be achieved.
[0012] Preferably, before spray drying in step S34, the solid content of the load system is adjusted to 15%-20%; the inlet air temperature of the spray drying is 150-170℃, and the outlet air temperature is 70-85℃.
[0013] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned edible fungi composition with intestinal flora regulation function in the preparation of products for regulating the body's immune function, improving the intestinal flora structure, assisting in improving yang deficiency constitution or relieving physical fatigue.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following main advantages: This invention optimizes the formulation through the theory of "principal, assistant, adjuvant, and guide" and adopts a unique gradient self-assembly preparation technology to achieve synergistic effects among the components and time-controlled release of active ingredients (rapid release of adjuvant drugs in the upper gastrointestinal tract and sustained release of principal drugs in the intestine). As a result, it achieves significantly better technical effects than physical mixture products in regulating immunity, improving intestinal flora, improving yang deficiency constitution, and anti-fatigue, while also having higher product stability. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for preparing an edible fungus composition with intestinal flora regulation function provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0016] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order.
[0017] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0018] Example 1 This invention provides an edible fungus composition with intestinal flora regulation function, such as... Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, 1 part by weight corresponds to 10g, and its preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of Ganoderma lucidum extract: Take 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder and extract it using a supercritical CO2 extraction device. The extraction conditions are: pressure 32 MPa, temperature 45℃, and extraction time 2.5 hours. Collect the extract to obtain a fat-soluble extract (by HPLC, the total content of ganoderic acid A and ganoderic acid B accounts for 25% of the weight of the fat-soluble extract). Add the extracted residue to 20L of purified water, then add 10g of compound enzyme (cellulase: pectinase = 1:1, both enzyme activities are 5000U / g), and enzymatically hydrolyze at a constant temperature of 50℃ for 1 hour; after enzymatic hydrolysis, raise the temperature to 90℃ and extract by boiling water reflux for 2 hours, and filter to obtain the extract. The extract was concentrated to 1 / 10 of its original volume (about 2L), and 4 times its volume of 95% ethanol was slowly added. After stirring evenly, the mixture was placed in a refrigerator at 4°C for alcohol precipitation overnight. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation the next day and then freeze-dried (vacuum degree ≤10Pa, temperature -50°C) to obtain water-soluble polysaccharides. The fat-soluble extract and water-soluble polysaccharide were mixed evenly at a weight ratio of 1:4 to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract, which was then set aside.
[0019] S2. Preparation of mushroom polysaccharides: Preparation of polysaccharides from principal herbs: Take 1 kg each of dried powders of Grifola frondosa and Cordyceps militaris, add 15 times their weight of purified water, place them in an extraction tank, and extract at a constant temperature of 90℃ for 3 hours. After extraction, filter to obtain the extract. Concentrate the extract to 1 / 8 of its original volume, and use an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cutoff of 10 kDa for ultrafiltration enrichment (target molecular weight range 10-500 kDa). Collect the retentate. Spray dry the retentate (inlet air temperature 180℃, outlet air temperature 90℃) to obtain Grifola frondosa polysaccharide and Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, respectively, for later use.
[0020] Preparation of adjuvant polysaccharides: Take 1 kg each of dried powders of shiitake mushrooms, white lingzhi mushrooms, white-backed wood ear mushrooms, and button mushrooms, add 15 times their weight of purified water, and extract at a constant temperature of 80℃ for 2.5 hours. The subsequent steps of filtration, concentration, ultrafiltration (molecular weight cutoff 10kDa), and spray drying are the same as those for the preparation of principal polysaccharides, to obtain shiitake mushroom polysaccharides, white lingzhi mushroom polysaccharides, white-backed wood ear mushroom polysaccharides, and button mushroom polysaccharides, respectively, for later use.
[0021] Preparation of the principal drug polysaccharide: Take 1 kg of dried Poria cocos powder, add 15 times the weight of purified water, extract at a constant temperature of 70℃ for 2 hours, and then follow the same steps as the preparation of the principal drug polysaccharide, such as filtration, concentration, ultrafiltration (molecular weight cutoff of 10 kDa), and spray drying, to obtain Poria cocos polysaccharide for later use.
[0022] Preparation of polysaccharides from the principal herbs (excluding Ganoderma lucidum): Take 1 kg each of dried Hericium erinaceus and Agaricus blazei powder, and extract and purify them according to the preparation method of the principal herb polysaccharides (extraction at 90℃ for 3 hours) to obtain Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide and Agaricus blazei polysaccharide, respectively, for later use.
[0023] S3, Gradient self-assembly integration: Take 5 parts (50g) of Poria cocos polysaccharide and 1 part (10g) of sodium alginate, dissolve them in 1.8L of purified water, place them on a magnetic stirrer and stir until completely dissolved, adjust the pH of the system to 5.5 with 0.1mol / L HCl solution, and use it as the carrier solution; Mix the adjuvant polysaccharides (5 parts (50g) of shiitake mushroom polysaccharide, 5 parts (50g) of white lingzhi mushroom polysaccharide, 5 parts (50g) of white-backed auricularia polysaccharide, and 5 parts (50g) of button mushroom polysaccharide evenly, and dissolve them in 200mL of purified water to obtain an adjuvant polysaccharide solution; Under the stirring conditions of a high-speed shearing machine (5000 rpm), the adjuvant polysaccharide solution was slowly added dropwise to the carrier solution; during the dropwise addition, 0.1 mol / L HCl solution was added dropwise simultaneously to lower the pH of the system to 4.0, and 20 mL of 0.5 mol / L calcium chloride solution was added at the same time. The high-speed shearing was continued for 15 minutes to form a rapid release layer of the adjuvant component. The principal polysaccharide (12 parts (120g) of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide and 12 parts (120g) of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide) and the assistant components (18 parts (180g) of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 10 parts (100g) of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide and 8 parts (80g) of Agaricus blazei polysaccharide) were mixed evenly and dispersed in 200mL of 20% (v / v) ethanol solution to obtain the core component dispersion. The core component dispersion was added to the outer layer loading system, and the stirring speed was adjusted to 1000 rpm. At the same time, 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution was added dropwise to adjust the pH of the system back to 7.2, and 20 mL of 5% (w / v) sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution was added. The mixture was stirred for another hour to form a homogeneous emulsion. The solid content of the emulsion was measured to be approximately 18%. The resulting uniform emulsion was spray-dried under the following conditions: inlet air temperature 160℃ and outlet air temperature 80℃, to obtain composite particle powder.
[0024] Example 2 Raw material preparation: 1 part by weight corresponds to 10g. According to the composition of the target compound particles, accurately weigh the following refined polysaccharide raw materials: 12 parts (120g) of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide, 12 parts (120g) of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, 15 parts (150g) of Ganoderma lucidum extract (fat-soluble component: water-soluble component = 1:4), 10 parts (100g) of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide, 8 parts (80g) of Agaricus blazei polysaccharide, 5 parts (50g) of Lentinus edodes polysaccharide, 5 parts (50g) of Pleurotus ostreatus polysaccharide, 5 parts (50g) of Auricularia auricula-judae polysaccharide, 5 parts (50g) of Agaricus bisporus polysaccharide, and 4 parts (40g) of Poria cocos polysaccharide. Gradient self-assembly integration: Take 40g of the above-mentioned Poria cocos polysaccharide and 8g of sodium alginate, dissolve them together in about 1.5L of purified water, stir magnetically until completely dissolved, and adjust the pH of the solution to 5.5 with 0.1mol / L HCl as the base carrier solution.
[0025] Weigh out 50g each of lentinan, shiitake mushroom polysaccharide, white lingzhi mushroom polysaccharide, white-backed auricularia auricula polysaccharide, and button mushroom polysaccharide, and dissolve them in 200mL of purified water. Under high-speed shearing (5000rpm), slowly add the adjuvant polysaccharide solution dropwise to the basic carrier solution. During the dropwise addition, simultaneously add 0.1mol / L HCl to lower the pH of the system to 4.0, and add 18mL of 0.5mol / L calcium chloride solution. Continue shearing for 15 minutes.
[0026] 120g of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide, 120g of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, 150g of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 100g of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide, and 80g of Agaricus blazei polysaccharide were mixed and dispersed in 200mL of 20% (v / v) ethanol aqueous solution. The mixture was slowly added to the system while stirring at 1000rpm, and 0.1mol / L NaOH solution was added dropwise to adjust the pH of the system to 7.0. Then, 24mL of 5% (w / v) sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution was added. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour to form a homogeneous emulsion. The solid content of the emulsion was measured to be approximately 17%.
[0027] The resulting emulsion was spray-dried (inlet air temperature 160℃, outlet air temperature 80℃) to obtain composite particle powder.
[0028] Example 3 Raw material preparation: 1 part by weight corresponds to 10g. According to the composition of the target compound particles, accurately weigh the following refined polysaccharide raw materials: 17 parts (170g) of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide, 17 parts (170g) of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, 20 parts (200g) of Ganoderma lucidum extract (fat-soluble component: water-soluble component = 1:4), 14 parts (140g) of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide, 12 parts (120g) of Agaricus blazei polysaccharide, 8 parts (80g) of Lentinus edodes polysaccharide, 8 parts (80g) of Pleurotus ostreatus polysaccharide, 8 parts (80g) of Auricularia auricula-judae polysaccharide, 8 parts (80g) of Agaricus bisporus polysaccharide, and 6 parts (60g) of Poria cocos polysaccharide. Gradient self-assembly integration: Take 60g of the above-mentioned Poria cocos polysaccharide and 12g of sodium alginate, dissolve them together in about 2.2L of purified water, stir magnetically until completely dissolved, and adjust the pH of the solution to 5.5 with 0.1mol / L HCl as the base carrier solution.
[0029] Weigh out 80g each of lentinan, oyster mushroom polysaccharide, white-backed auricularia auricula polysaccharide, and button mushroom polysaccharide, and dissolve them in 300mL of purified water. Under high-speed shearing (5000rpm), slowly add the adjuvant polysaccharide solution dropwise to the basic carrier solution. During the dropwise addition, simultaneously add 0.1mol / L HCl to lower the pH of the system to 4.0, and add 25mL of 0.5mol / L calcium chloride solution. Continue shearing for 15 minutes.
[0030] 170g of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide, 170g of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, 200g of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 140g of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide, and 120g of Agaricus blazei polysaccharide were mixed and dispersed in 300mL of 20% (v / v) ethanol aqueous solution. The mixture was slowly added to the system while stirring at 1000rpm, and 0.1mol / L NaOH solution was added dropwise to adjust the pH of the system to 7.2. Then, 30mL of 5% (w / v) sodium tripolyphosphate aqueous solution was added. The mixture was stirred continuously for 1 hour to form a homogeneous emulsion. The solid content of the emulsion was measured to be approximately 18%.
[0031] The resulting emulsion was spray-dried (inlet air temperature 160℃, outlet air temperature 80℃) to obtain composite particle powder.
[0032] Comparative Example 1: Based on the formulation and process of Example 1, without adding Grifola frondosa polysaccharide and Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide (i.e., the principal drug component is missing), the proportions of the remaining components and the preparation process are exactly the same as in Example 1.
[0033] Comparative Example 2: Based on the formulation and process of Example 1, without adding any lentinan, white lingzhi polysaccharide, white-backed auricularia polysaccharide and button mushroom polysaccharide (i.e., the adjuvant components are missing), the proportions of the remaining components and the preparation process are exactly the same as in Example 1.
[0034] Comparative Example 3: The same types and proportions of raw materials as in Example 1 were used, but the loading order was changed in the gradient self-assembly step: First, the principal drug component (Grifola frondosa, Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide) and the assistant drug component (Ganoderma lucidum extract, etc.) were mixed with the carrier liquid at pH 5.5, and the pH was adjusted to 7.2 before adding TPP to form the inner layer structure; then the adjuvant drug component was added at pH 4.0 and calcium chloride was added in an attempt to form the outer layer structure.
[0035] Comparative Example 4: Using the exact same types and proportions of raw materials as in Example 1, all raw material polysaccharides (including Ganoderma lucidum extract) were simply mixed in a dry powder using physical methods, without undergoing the gradient self-assembly process of this invention.
[0036] Comparative Example 5 (Commercially Available Control Group): A commercially available health food product that claims to contain multiple fungal polysaccharides.
[0037] Blank control group: equal volume of physiological saline.
[0038] Performance Experiment Experiment 1: Verification Experiment of Compatibility Synergy and Time-Sequenced Release Samples: Samples prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4.
[0039] Immunity and gut microbiota efficacy (mouse experiment): Cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mouse model was used, and the mice were administered the drugs by gavage for 14 days (equivalent polysaccharide dose 100 mg / kg / d).
[0040] Release characteristics over time: The cumulative release rates of lentinan (representing adjuvant) and maitake mushroom polysaccharide (representing principal) in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2, 2h) and intestinal fluid (pH 6.8, subsequent 6h) were investigated using the dissolution assay.
[0041] Table 1: Effects of synergistic compatibility on immunity and gut microbiota Note: Data are mean ± SD, n=8; * indicates P<0.05 compared with the control group; # indicates P<0.05 compared with each comparative group.
[0042] Table 2: In vitro time-series release data (cumulative release rate, mean ± SD, n=3) As shown in the table above, Example 1 has the best overall effect on immune and intestinal regulation, while Comparative Example 3 shows a significant deterioration in effect, indicating the necessity of controlling the release sequence of adjuvant drug rapid release and principal drug sustained release. The release data confirms that Example 1 achieved the time sequence control of "adjuvant drug rapid release in the upper gastrointestinal tract and principal drug sustained release in the intestine".
[0043] Experiment 2: Carrier Uniqueness, Process Yield, and Product Stability Experiment Carrier comparison: Poria cocos polysaccharide carrier group (G1, same as in Example 1), chitosan carrier group (G2), and sodium alginate single carrier group (G3) were set up, and the process was the same as step 3 of Example 1. The immune activity was compared.
[0044] Yield statistics: The extraction yield of key polysaccharides in Example 1 was recorded and compared with that of conventional hot water extraction.
[0045] Stability study: The products of Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 were subjected to accelerated testing (40°C, RH 75%) to determine the total polysaccharide retention rate.
[0046] Table 3: Immunological activity (splenic lymphocyte proliferation rate) and process yield of different carrier formulations Note: # indicates P<0.05 compared to the blank; # indicates P<0.05 compared to groups G2 and G3; n=6 for the proliferation rate experiment; the conventional method described in this experiment refers to extracting the corresponding mushroom raw materials with hot water at the temperature commonly reported in the literature or commonly used in the field (e.g., 85℃) for 3 hours without subsequent ultrafiltration membrane enrichment steps.
[0047] Table 4: Accelerated stability data (total polysaccharide retention, mean ± SD, n=3) As shown in the table above, the Poria cocos polysaccharide carrier has both excellent structure-building ability and immune-enhancing activity. This process can significantly improve the yield of active ingredients, and the stability of the resulting gradient structure product is far superior to that of the physically mixed product.
[0048] Experiment 3: Verification Experiment on the Improvement of Yang Deficiency and Anti-fatigue Side Effects Yang deficiency model experiment: A rat model of yang deficiency induced by hydrocortisone was used. There were four groups: high-dose group 1 (H1: 500mg / kg / d, H2: 250mg / kg / d), comparative group 4 (physical mixture, 500mg / kg / d), model control group and normal control group. They were administered by gavage for 4 weeks.
[0049] Anti-fatigue experiment: Mice were used in addition to Example 1 group, Comparative Example 4 group and blank control group to conduct weighted swimming experiment.
[0050] Table 5: Improvement effect on Yang deficiency model rats (mean ± SD, n=8) Note: Body temperature change is the increase compared to the model group; indicates P < 0.05 compared to the model group; # indicates P < 0.05 compared to the comparative example group 4.
[0051] Table 6: Effects on fatigue resistance in mice (time to exhaustion during weight-bearing swimming, mean ± SD, n=10) Note: # indicates P < 0.05 compared to the control group; # indicates P < 0.05 compared to the comparative example group 4.
[0052] As shown in the table above, the formulation of this application can directly improve the Yang deficiency index and exhibit certain anti-fatigue effects.
[0053] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention.
[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still combine, add, delete, or otherwise adjust the features of the various embodiments of the present invention according to the circumstances without conflict or creative effort, thereby obtaining different technical solutions that do not fundamentally depart from the concept of the present invention. These technical solutions also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An edible fungus composition with intestinal flora regulation function, characterized in that, Includes the following active ingredients, in parts by weight: The principal ingredient consists of 12-17 parts of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide and 12-17 parts of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide. The main components of the medicine include 15-20 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 10-14 parts of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide, and 8-12 parts of Agaricus blazei polysaccharide; Adjuvant components: including lentinan, white lingzhi polysaccharide, white-backed auricularia polysaccharide and button mushroom polysaccharide, with each polysaccharide in 5-8 parts; The medicinal components include 4-6 parts of Poria cocos polysaccharide.
2. A method for preparing an edible fungus composition with intestinal flora regulation function as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of Ganoderma lucidum extract; Preparation of S2, principal, adjuvant, and guiding fungal polysaccharides; S3. Using a gradient self-assembly process, with Poria cocos polysaccharide as the carrier matrix, first load the polysaccharides of shiitake mushroom, white lingzhi mushroom, white-backed wood ear fungus, and button mushroom obtained in step S2 onto the outer layer of the carrier, and then load the Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained in step S1 and the polysaccharides of Grifola frondosa, Cordyceps militaris, Hericium erinaceus, and Agaricus blazei obtained in step S2 onto the inside of the carrier, and form composite particles after drying.
3. The method for preparing the edible fungi composition with intestinal flora regulation function as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the preparation method of the Ganoderma lucidum extract is as follows: The raw material of Ganoderma lucidum was extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction under the conditions of pressure 25-35MPa and temperature 40-50℃ to obtain the fat-soluble components. After extraction, the residue was subjected to compound enzymatic hydrolysis and then extracted with hot water at 85-95℃ for 2-3 hours. The extract was concentrated and then precipitated with alcohol to obtain water-soluble polysaccharide components. The two components were mixed to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract.
4. The method for preparing the edible fungi composition with intestinal flora regulation function as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the preparation method of the fungal polysaccharides of the principal drug, adjuvant drug, and guiding drug is as follows: Extract the raw materials of Grifola frondosa and Cordyceps militaris with hot water at 88-92℃; Extract the raw materials of shiitake mushrooms, white lingzhi mushrooms, white-backed wood ear mushrooms and button mushrooms with hot water at 78-82℃; Poria cocos raw material was extracted with hot water at 68-72℃; After each extract was concentrated, it was enriched using an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cutoff of 10-500 kDa, and then dried to obtain refined polysaccharides from each fungus.
5. The method for preparing the edible fungi composition with intestinal flora regulation function as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31. Dissolve the Poria cocos polysaccharide obtained in step S2 and sodium alginate in water to form a carrier solution, and adjust the pH to 5.0-6.0; S32. Add the polysaccharides of shiitake mushrooms, white lingzhi mushrooms, white-backed wood ear mushrooms, and button mushrooms obtained in step S2 while stirring. At the same time, adjust the pH to 3.5-4.5 and add a calcium ion source to form a rapid release layer of adjuvants. S33. Add the Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained in step S1 and the polysaccharides of Grifola frondosa, Cordyceps militaris, Hericium erinaceus, and Agaricus blazei obtained in step S2, adjust the pH to 6.8-7.4 and add sodium tripolyphosphate to form a slow-release core of the principal and assistant drugs. S34. Finally, the system is spray-dried to obtain composite particles.
6. The method for preparing the edible fungi composition with intestinal flora regulation function as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The weight ratio of Poria cocos polysaccharide to sodium alginate in step S31 is 3-8:
1.
7. The method for preparing the edible fungi composition with intestinal flora regulation function as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The amount of calcium ion source added in step S32, calculated as calcium ions, is 5%-15% of the weight of sodium alginate.
8. The method for preparing the edible fungi composition with intestinal flora regulation function as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In step S33, the amount of sodium tripolyphosphate added is 10%-20% of the weight of sodium alginate.
9. The method for preparing the edible fungi composition with intestinal flora regulation function as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Before spray drying in step S34, the solid content of the load system is adjusted to 15%-20%; the inlet air temperature of the spray drying is 150-170℃, and the outlet air temperature is 70-85℃.
10. The use of the edible fungi composition with intestinal flora regulation function as described in claim 1 in the preparation of products for regulating the body's immune function, improving the intestinal flora structure, assisting in improving yang deficiency constitution, or relieving physical fatigue.