Vertical and horizontal lathe

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machining equipment, in particular to a vertical and horizontal lathe which comprises a workbench, a stand column is fixed to the upper portion of the workbench, a longitudinal guide rail is arranged on the stand column, a transverse moving seat plate is vertically assembled on the longitudinal guide rail and moves up and down along the longitudinal guide rail for feeding, and a transverse guide rail is arranged on the transverse moving seat plate. The tool table fixing plate is vertically assembled on the transverse guide rail and moves left and right along the transverse guide rail for feeding, and a rotary tool turret used for machining the annular workpiece is assembled on the tool table fixing plate. A spindle box is arranged on one side of the workbench, a spindle of the spindle box is transversely arranged and provided with a spindle clamp, and the spindle clamp clamps the annular workpiece to enable the annular workpiece to be kept in a vertical state. The vertical and horizontal lathe is of a horizontal lathe head structure, and meanwhile the vertical and horizontal lathe is innovatively designed into a machining mode that workpieces are vertically placed. According to the design, the limitation that a workpiece is horizontally clamped by a traditional horizontal lathe and a lathe head of a vertical lathe is vertically arranged is broken through, the starting difficulty of an operator is greatly reduced, and the operation convenience and the machining efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining equipment, and more specifically to a vertical and horizontal lathe. Background Technology

[0002] The development of modern machinery industry has placed increasingly higher demands on the machining accuracy, machining range, and machining efficiency of machine tools. Traditional horizontal lathes use horizontal clamping of workpieces, while vertical lathes have a vertical headstock layout. For the machining of bearing rings, horizontal clamping is often used. When machining different surfaces of the bearing, multiple clamping and positioning are required, which is cumbersome, has poor positioning accuracy, and is difficult to adapt to workpieces of different specifications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical and horizontal lathe that overcomes the limitations of traditional machine tools. It can meet the machining requirements of various surfaces of bearing rings, improving cost-effectiveness. To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a vertical lathe, including a worktable, a column fixed above the worktable, a longitudinal guide rail on the column, a transverse moving seat plate vertically mounted on the longitudinal guide rail and moving up and down along the longitudinal guide rail for feed, a transverse moving seat plate having a transverse guide rail, a tool holder fixed plate vertically mounted on the transverse guide rail and moving left and right along the transverse guide rail for feed, and a rotating turret for machining ring-shaped workpieces mounted on the tool holder fixed plate; a spindle box is provided on one side of the worktable, the spindle of the spindle box is horizontally arranged and equipped with a spindle clamp, the spindle clamp clamps the ring-shaped workpiece to keep the ring-shaped workpiece in an upright state.

[0004] Furthermore, a longitudinal ball screw and a longitudinal servo motor are installed on the column. The longitudinal ball screw is driven to rotate by the longitudinal servo motor, thereby driving the transverse moving plate to move up and down along the longitudinal guide rail for feeding.

[0005] Furthermore, a transverse ball screw and a transverse servo motor are installed on the transverse moving base plate. The transverse ball screw is driven to rotate by the transverse servo motor, thereby driving the tool holder fixing plate to move left and right along the transverse guide rail for feeding.

[0006] Furthermore, the worktable is equipped with a spindle motor, which drives the spindle of the spindle box to rotate via a belt and pulley.

[0007] Furthermore, the spindle clamp is a three-jaw chuck, which clamps the annular workpiece from the outer diameter direction or the inner diameter direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the lateral moving seat plate is connected to a counterweight assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the column is a hollow structure with a gear at the top and the balance iron assembly inside. The balance iron assembly is connected to the transverse moving base plate via a chain, and the gear is connected to the chain drive. The balance iron assembly moves with the up and down movement of the transverse moving base plate. The balance iron assembly is responsible for counterweighting the feed servo motor to ensure consistent load during up and down movement.

[0010] Furthermore, two sets of gears are provided at the top of the column, with two gears in each set, and a chain is connected to each set of gears. The two chains are respectively connected to the two ends of the top of the transverse moving seat plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the workbench is equipped with a receiving port for collecting metal chips, and a screw conveyor is located at the bottom of the receiving port. The metal chips that pass through the receiving port fall onto the conveyor belt of the screw conveyor, and the conveyor belt transports the metal chips generated during workpiece processing to the outside of the vertical and horizontal lathe.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The horizontal lathe of this invention adopts a horizontal lathe headstock structure and innovatively designs a machining mode in which the workpiece is placed vertically. This design breaks through the limitations of traditional horizontal lathes with horizontal workpiece clamping and vertical lathes with vertical headstock layout, greatly reducing the difficulty for operators to learn and improving the convenience of operation and machining efficiency.

[0013] The transverse moving seat of the vertical lathe of the present invention has a vertical moving adjustment function, which can flexibly adjust the position according to the size of the workpiece being processed, effectively expanding the processing adaptability range of the equipment to workpieces of different specifications, and solving the problem of limited processing size of traditional equipment.

[0014] The tool holder fixing plate of the vertical and horizontal lathe of the present invention can move left and right, enabling machining processes such as outer diameter, inner hole, and drilling; combined with the up and down adjustment function of the transverse moving seat plate, it can perform end face machining on the same workpiece and center it in one clamping. It can perform multi-face and multi-process machining.

[0015] The vertical and horizontal lathe of the present invention integrates the entire moving mechanism above the worktable for tool post movement, avoiding worktable displacement and preventing metal chips generated during machining from affecting the moving accuracy of the worktable.

[0016] The vertical and horizontal lathe of this invention is equipped with a rotary turret as a tool clamping and switching mechanism, supporting continuous machining of multiple processes such as turning, milling, and drilling in a single workpiece clamping. This design reduces the number of workpiece re-clamping operations, thereby improving machining accuracy and shortening the overall machining cycle, and possessing significant advantages in composite machining. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the vertical and horizontal lathe of the present invention from one direction; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the vertical and horizontal lathe of the present invention from another direction; Figure 3 This is a front view of the vertical and horizontal lathe of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a left view of the vertical and horizontal lathe of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the vertical and horizontal lathe of the present invention; Figure 6 Side view of the balance iron assembly assembly; Figure 7 The main view of the balance iron assembly is shown. In the diagram: 1. Workbench 2. Column; 201. Longitudinal guide rail; 202. Longitudinal ball screw; 203. Longitudinal servo motor. 3. Lateral moving seat plate; 301. Lateral guide rail; 302. Lateral ball screw; 303. Lateral servo motor. 4. Tool holder fixing plate; 5. Rotary turret; 6. Spindle box; 7. Bearing rings; 8. Spindle motor; 9. Material receiving port; 10. Screw conveyor assembly outlet; 11. Balance iron assembly; 12. Chain; 13. Gear. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] See appendix Figure 1-5 A vertical and horizontal lathe includes a worktable 1, on which a column 2 is fixed. A longitudinal guide rail 201 is provided on the column 2. A transverse moving seat plate 3 is vertically mounted on the longitudinal guide rail and moves up and down along the longitudinal guide rail 201 for feed. A transverse guide rail 301 is provided on the transverse moving seat plate 3. A tool holder fixing plate 4 is vertically mounted on the transverse guide rail and moves left and right along the transverse guide rail for feed. A rotating turret 5 for machining ring-shaped workpieces is mounted on the tool holder fixing plate 4. A spindle box 6 is provided on one side of the worktable 1. The spindle of the spindle box 6 is transversely positioned and equipped with a three-jaw chuck. The three-jaw chuck clamps the bearing ring 7 from the outer diameter direction or the inner diameter direction to keep the bearing ring 7 in an upright state.

[0020] Based on the above technical solution, the three-jaw chuck drives the bearing ring 7 to rotate for machining. Within a certain machining range, the rotating turret 5 can machine bearing rings of different diameters by moving up and down and left and right (without needing to move back and forth). The vertical and horizontal lathe of this invention adopts a horizontal lathe headstock structure and innovatively designs a machining mode where the workpiece is placed vertically. This design breaks the limitations of traditional horizontal lathes with horizontal workpiece clamping and vertical lathes with vertical headstock layouts, significantly reducing the difficulty for operators to learn and improving operational convenience and machining efficiency. Equipped with a rotating turret 5 as a tool clamping and switching mechanism, it supports continuous machining of multiple processes such as turning, milling, and drilling in a single workpiece clamping. This design reduces the number of repeated workpiece clamping, improving machining accuracy and shortening the overall machining cycle, possessing significant advantages in composite machining.

[0021] Furthermore, a longitudinal ball screw 202 and a longitudinal servo motor 203 are installed on the column 2. The longitudinal ball screw 202 is driven to rotate by the longitudinal servo motor 203, thereby driving the transverse moving plate 3 to move up and down along the longitudinal guide rail 201 for feeding. A transverse ball screw 302 and a transverse servo motor 303 are installed on the transverse moving plate 3. The transverse ball screw 302 is driven to rotate by the transverse servo motor 303, thereby driving the tool holder fixing plate 4 to move left and right along the transverse guide rail 301 for feeding.

[0022] Based on the above technical solution, the displacement of the tool holder fixing plate 4 and the transverse moving seat plate 3 are achieved through ball screws and servo motor drives, ensuring the displacement accuracy of the tool holder fixing plate 4 and the transverse moving seat plate 3. The transverse moving seat plate 3 is responsible for the left and right movement feed of the tool holder fixing plate 4, i.e., for machining processes such as outer diameter, inner hole, and drilling. The column 2 is responsible for the up and down movement feed of the transverse moving seat plate 3, i.e., adjusting the position of the rotating turret 5 and the end face machining according to the outer diameter of the ring-shaped workpiece being machined. The transverse moving seat plate 3 has an up and down movement adjustment function, which can flexibly adjust its position according to the size of the workpiece being machined, effectively broadening the equipment's adaptability range for machining workpieces of different specifications and solving the problem of limited machining size in traditional equipment. The up and down movement adjustment function of the transverse moving seat plate 3, combined with the left and right movement adjustment function of the tool holder fixing plate 4, enables end face machining of the same workpiece, with one-time clamping and centering. Multi-face and multi-process machining can be performed.

[0023] Furthermore, the worktable 1 is equipped with a spindle motor 8, which drives the spindle of the spindle box 6 to rotate via a belt and pulley.

[0024] Furthermore, the transversely movable seat plate 3 is connected to the counterweight assembly 11.

[0025] Furthermore, the column 2 is a hollow structure, with a gear 13 at its top. The balance iron assembly 11 is housed inside the column 2, and is connected to the transverse moving base plate 3 via a chain 12. The gear 13 is chain-driven with the chain 12, and the balance iron assembly 11 moves with the up-and-down movement of the transverse moving base plate 3. The balance iron assembly 11 is responsible for counterweighting the feed servo motor to ensure consistent load during up-and-down movement.

[0026] Furthermore, two sets of gears 13 are provided on the top of the column 2, with two gears in each set. Each set of gears 13 is connected to a chain 12, and the two chains 12 are respectively connected to the two ends of the top of the transverse moving seat plate 3.

[0027] Based on the above technical solution, the balance iron assembly is responsible for counterweighting the feed servo motor, which can keep the equipment in force balance during the vertical load movement, effectively reduce the vibration amplitude during equipment operation, improve processing stability, and extend the service life of core transmission components such as guide rails and lead screws.

[0028] Furthermore, the workbench 1 is provided with a receiving port 9 for collecting metal chips. The bottom of the receiving port 9 is equipped with a screw conveyor. The metal chips that fall through the receiving port 9 fall onto the conveyor belt of the screw conveyor, and the conveyor belt transports the metal chips generated during the workpiece processing to the outside of the vertical and horizontal lathe.

[0029] Based on the above technical solution, traditional lathes have guide rails formed on or below the worktable surface. Metal chips generated during cutting can enter these guide rails, affecting the accuracy of the moving parts. Therefore, in this invention, the worktable is fixed, and the entire moving mechanism is integrated above the worktable for tool holder movement, preventing worktable displacement and ensuring that metal chips generated during machining do not affect the worktable's movement accuracy. A receiving port is provided on the worktable, through which metal chips generated during cutting fall onto the conveyor belt of the auger chip conveyor, transporting the metal chips outside the vertical / horizontal lathe.

[0030] The originality of the vertical and horizontal lathe of the present invention in terms of structural optimization and functional upgrade, compared with similar equipment, has better operation convenience, processing adaptability, processing efficiency and operational stability.

[0031] It should be noted that the parts of this invention not described in detail are prior art.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0036] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0037] The above examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All variations that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical and horizontal lathe, characterized in that: The system includes a worktable with a column fixed above it. The column has a longitudinal guide rail. A transverse moving plate is vertically mounted on the longitudinal guide rail and moves up and down along the longitudinal guide rail for feed. The transverse moving plate has a transverse guide rail. A tool holder is vertically mounted on the transverse guide rail and moves left and right along the transverse guide rail for feed. A rotating turret for machining ring-shaped workpieces is mounted on the tool holder. A spindle box is located on one side of the worktable. The spindle of the spindle box is horizontally positioned and equipped with a spindle clamp. The spindle clamp holds the ring-shaped workpiece to keep it in an upright position.

2. The vertical and horizontal lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column is equipped with a longitudinal ball screw and a longitudinal servo motor. The longitudinal ball screw is driven to rotate by the longitudinal servo motor, thereby driving the transverse moving plate to move up and down along the longitudinal guide rail for feeding.

3. The vertical and horizontal lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse moving base plate is equipped with a transverse ball screw and a transverse servo motor. The transverse servo motor drives the transverse ball screw to rotate, thereby driving the tool holder fixing plate to move left and right along the transverse guide rail for feeding.

4. The vertical and horizontal lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The worktable is equipped with a spindle motor, which drives the spindle of the spindle box to rotate via a belt and pulley.

5. The vertical and horizontal lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle clamp is a three-jaw chuck, which clamps the ring-shaped workpiece from the outer diameter direction or the inner diameter direction.

6. The vertical and horizontal lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral moving seat plate is connected to a counterweight assembly.

7. The vertical and horizontal lathe according to claim 6, characterized in that: The column is a hollow structure with a gear at the top and the balance iron assembly inside. The balance iron assembly is connected to the transverse moving seat plate via a chain. The gear is connected to the chain drive, and the balance iron assembly moves with the up and down movement of the transverse moving seat plate.

8. The vertical and horizontal lathe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the column is equipped with two sets of gears, each set consisting of two gears, and each set of gears is connected to a chain. The two chains are respectively connected to the two ends of the top of the horizontally movable seat plate.

9. The vertical and horizontal lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench is equipped with a receiving port for collecting metal chips. At the bottom of the receiving port is a auger chip conveyor. The metal chips that fall through the receiving port onto the conveyor belt of the auger chip conveyor are then transported by the conveyor belt to the outside of the vertical and horizontal lathe.

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