Guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision and detection method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision and a detection method of the guide rail surface defect detection equipment, and belongs to the technical field of industrial vision detection.The guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision comprises a frame body, a shading frame is arranged at the top of the frame body, and two mounting grooves are formed in the frame body; a conveying assembly used for conveying a guide rail body is arranged on the frame body, guiding assemblies automatically abutting against the two side walls of the guide rail body in a centering mode are arranged at the two ends of the shading frame correspondingly, supporting assemblies are arranged on the two mounting grooves, and a visual detection assembly connected with the supporting assemblies is arranged in the shading frame. And a transmission assembly is arranged between the guiding assembly and the supporting assembly. The device has the advantages that one-time comprehensive detection is achieved, reflective crosstalk is avoided, centering adjustment is achieved, and the requirement for efficient and accurate detection of surface defects of guide rail bodies of different specifications is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial vision inspection technology, specifically to a guide rail surface defect detection device and its detection method based on industrial vision. Background Technology

[0002] A guide rail is a groove or ridge made of metal or other materials that supports, fixes, and guides moving devices or equipment while reducing friction. A guide rail consists of moving parts and supporting / guiding parts. During the operation of various machines, the guide rail pair ensures the correct movement trajectory of the actuators. The guiding accuracy and accuracy retention of the guide rail are extremely important. During the production process of guide rails, it is necessary to inspect them for visual defects to ensure the stability of their guiding accuracy and accuracy retention during use.

[0003] Existing guide rail surface defect detection devices typically transport the guide rail to an industrial camera via a transport mechanism. The industrial camera then inspects the surface for defects. A flipping mechanism then flips the guide rail multiple times to achieve comprehensive inspection. However, this method is time-consuming, and each inspection can only detect defects on a single surface of the guide rail, failing to meet the requirements for rapid defect detection in batches of guide rails. Furthermore, the fixed position of the industrial camera and the distance between it and the surface to be inspected cannot be adjusted, resulting in varying distances between the camera and the surfaces of guide rails of different specifications. This compromises the consistency of defect detection accuracy across different guide rail sizes.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide a guide rail surface defect detection device and detection method based on industrial vision, in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a guide rail surface defect detection device and detection method based on industrial vision, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An industrial vision-based guide rail surface defect inspection device includes a frame, a light-shielding frame on the top of the frame, two mounting slots on the frame, a conveying assembly for conveying the guide rail body on the frame, and further includes: The guide components are respectively located at both ends of the light-shielding frame and automatically center and abut against the side walls of the guide rail body; Support component, disposed on two mounting grooves, the support component is used to prevent the guide rail body from jittering during transportation. The support component includes a ring frame a and a ring frame b respectively disposed in the two mounting grooves. Side support modules are provided in both the ring frame a and the ring frame b. A bottom support module in contact with the bottom of the guide rail body is provided in the ring frame a, and a top light pressure module in movable contact with the top of the guide rail body is provided in the ring frame b; Vision detection component, disposed in the light-shielding frame and connected to the support component, the vision detection component is used to circumferentially detect surface defects of the guide rail body. The vision detection component includes a left detection module, a top detection module, a bottom detection module and a right detection module. The left detection module and the right detection module are respectively connected to the corresponding side support modules in the ring frame a and the ring frame b through mounting plates. The left detection module and the right detection module are respectively located on the opposite sides of the ring frame a and the ring frame b and on both sides of the guide rail body. The top detection module is located in the upper inner part of the ring frame a, and the bottom detection module is located in the lower inner part of the ring frame b; Drive component, disposed between the guiding component and the support component, the drive component is used to drive the top detection module and the bottom detection module to approach or move away from each other.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the guiding component includes mounting frames symmetrically disposed at the ends of the light-shielding frame. The two mounting frames are respectively located on both sides of the guide rail body. A plurality of guiding rollers are rotatably provided on the side of the mounting frame close to the guide rail body. The plurality of guiding rollers are distributed in a "丿" shape. A pulley a is provided at the top of the guiding roller. A pulley b is rotatably provided outside the mounting frame. The pulley b and the plurality of pulley a are connected by a transmission belt. A motor a connected to the pulley b is installed on the mounting frame. Transverse sliding grooves perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying component are symmetrically opened at the ends of the light-shielding frame. Vertical sliding plates connected to the corresponding mounting frames are slidably provided in the transverse sliding grooves. A turntable is rotatably provided at the end of the light-shielding frame. Two guiding grooves are circumferentially distributed on the turntable. Slide columns a connected to the vertical sliding plates are slidably provided in the guiding grooves. A slide bar penetrating through the other vertical sliding plate is provided on one of the vertical sliding plates. An end plate is provided at one end of the slide bar far from the connected vertical sliding plate. A spring a sleeved outside the slide bar is connected between the end plate and the vertical sliding plate penetrated by the vertical sliding plate.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the length direction of the guiding groove forms an acute angle with the radial direction of the turntable.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the bottom support module includes a lower support frame provided at the lower inner part of the ring frame a. A plurality of lower supporting rollers are rotatably provided at the top of the lower support frame. The tops of the lower supporting rollers are in contact with the bottom of the guide rail body.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the top light pressure module includes a sliding square tube slidably disposed on the upper inner side of the ring frame b, a plurality of upper pressure rollers being rotatably disposed at the bottom of the sliding square tube, and a spring b connecting the top of the ring frame b and the sliding square tube.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the side support module includes fixed groove plates symmetrically arranged at both ends of the inner sides of ring frame a and ring frame b. Movable seats are slidably provided in the fixed groove plates. Side abutment rollers that rotatably abut against the side wall of the guide rail body are provided at the ends of the two movable seats that are close to each other. A connecting rod is provided on the movable seat. Lifting plates are slidably provided on the outer sides of the lower support frame and the sliding square tube. Lifting groove plates that slide and cooperate with the corresponding connecting rods are symmetrically provided at both ends of the lifting plates.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the transmission assembly includes a connecting plate a, a connecting plate b, and a connecting plate c. The connecting plate a is connected between a movable seat located within the ring frame a and a corresponding mounting bracket. The connecting plate b is connected between two corresponding movable seats located within the ring frame a and the ring frame b, respectively. The connecting plate c is connected between a movable seat located within the ring frame b and a corresponding mounting bracket.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the transmission assembly further includes an internal gear ring and a rotating rod rotatably disposed between ring frame a and ring frame b. Both ring frame a and ring frame b are movably provided with a transmission gear a meshing with the internal gear ring. The transmission gear a is connected to the end of the rotating rod. Fixed seats are provided on the upper inner side of ring frame a and the lower inner side of ring frame b. A sliding seat connected to a top detection module or a bottom detection module is slidably disposed on the fixed seat. A connecting groove plate is provided at the end of the sliding seat away from the top detection module or the bottom detection module. A transmission gear b meshing with the internal gear ring is rotatably disposed on the fixed seat. A sliding column b that slides in cooperation with the connecting groove plate is provided on the sidewall edge of the transmission gear b. A vertical groove plate is provided on the connecting plate b. A lever is mounted on the rotating rod, and a sliding column c that slides in cooperation with the vertical groove plate is provided on the lever.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the left detection module, the top detection module, the bottom detection module and the right detection module all include a light source and an industrial camera, wherein the light source is located on the side of the industrial camera near the entrance end of the light-shielding frame.

[0015] A detection method for guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision includes the following steps: Step S1: Adjust the centering of the guide rails of different specifications conveyed by the conveying component using the guiding component; Step S2: Through the cooperation between the guide component, support component and transmission component, the position or height of the left detection module, top detection module, bottom detection module and right detection module are adaptively adjusted to ensure the effective detection accuracy of the left detection module, top detection module, bottom detection module and right detection module on the corresponding test surface of the guide rail body; Step S3: By staggering the left, top, bottom, and right detection modules, a comprehensive inspection of the guide rail body during the conveying process is carried out. The images captured by the left, top, bottom, and right detection modules are stitched together using image stitching technology, and the images are then detected and analyzed.

[0016] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: 1. In this invention, the visual inspection component allows for a comprehensive inspection of the guide rail body during the transport process, avoiding the low efficiency of a single inspection that can only detect surface defects on one side of the guide rail body, thus significantly improving inspection efficiency. Simultaneously, by staggering the left, top, bottom, and right inspection modules, reflection crosstalk can be effectively avoided, improving the inspection effect. Furthermore, existing image stitching technology allows for the stitching of images captured by the left, top, bottom, and right inspection modules, enabling image detection and analysis, facilitating high-precision defect detection of the guide rail body. 2. In this invention, the connection between the support component and the vision inspection component ensures the consistency of the distance between the left and right inspection modules and the sides of the guide rail body of different specifications, facilitating the maintenance of inspection accuracy. Simultaneously, the cooperation between the guide component, support component, vision inspection component, and transmission component enables the top and bottom inspection modules to move synchronously closer and further apart, thereby synchronously adjusting the distance between the top inspection module and the top surface of the guide rail body, and the distance between the bottom inspection module and the bottom surface of the guide rail body. The height of the top and bottom inspection modules can be adaptively adjusted according to the different specifications of the guide rail body under test, achieving automatic adjustment of magnification. This avoids the inability to guarantee the stability and effectiveness of inspection accuracy due to fixed positions of the left, top, bottom, and right inspection modules, meeting the high-efficiency and accurate inspection requirements of surface defects on guide rail bodies of different specifications and improving the applicability of the device. 3. In this invention, the support component can maintain the stable movement of the guide rail body during the detection process, avoid the guide rail body from shifting during the detection process and affecting the smoothness and integrity of the detection screen, avoid detection errors caused by the movement and shift of the guide rail body, and improve the detection accuracy of surface defects.

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the light-shielding frame in this invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure in this invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the guiding component in this invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is an assembly diagram of the guiding component, supporting component, vision inspection component, and transmission component in this invention.

[0023] Figure 6 In this invention Figure 5 A magnified view of part A.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the ring frame a in this invention.

[0025] Figure 8 In this invention Figure 7 A magnified view of section B.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the ring frame b in this invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the top light pressure module and the side support module in this invention.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 101. Light-shielding frame; 102. Mounting slot; 2. Conveying assembly; 3. Guiding assembly; 301. Mounting bracket; 302. Guide roller; 303. Pulley a; 304. Pulley b; 305. Drive belt; 306. Motor a; 307. Vertical slide plate; 308. Horizontal slide groove; 309. Turntable; 310. Guide groove; 311. Slide column a; 312. Slide rod; 313. End plate; 314. Spring a; 4. Support components; 401. Ring frame a; 402. Ring frame b; 403. Fixed groove plate; 404. Movable seat; 405. Side abutment roller; 406. Lower bearing roller; 407. Lower support frame; 408. Lifting plate; 409. Lifting groove plate; 410. Upper pressure roller; 411. Sliding square tube; 412. Spring b; 413. Connecting rod; 5. Visual inspection components; 501. Left side inspection module; 502. Mounting plate; 503. Top inspection module; 504. Bottom inspection module; 505. Right side inspection module; 6. Transmission components; 601. Connecting plate a; 602. Connecting plate b; 603. Connecting plate c; 604. Rotating rod; 605. Transmission gear a; 606. Internal gear ring; 607. Fixed seat; 608. Sliding seat; 609. Connecting slot plate; 610. Sliding column b; 611. Transmission gear b; 612. Lever; 613. Sliding column c; 614. Vertical slot plate; 7. Guide rail body. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0030] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 , Figures 7-10An industrial vision-based guide rail surface defect detection device includes a frame 1, a light-shielding frame 101 at the top of the frame 1, two mounting slots 102 on the frame 1, a conveying assembly 2 for conveying the guide rail body 7 on the frame 1, guiding assemblies 3 at both ends of the light-shielding frame 101 that automatically center and abut against the side walls of the guide rail body 7, and support assemblies 4 on the two mounting slots 102 to prevent vibration of the guide rail body 7 during conveying. The support assembly 4 includes ring frames a401 and b402 respectively disposed in the two mounting slots 102, each containing a side support module. Ring frame a401 contains a bottom support module that contacts the bottom of the guide rail body 7, and ring frame b402 contains a top light-pressing module that movably contacts the top of the guide rail body 7. A vision detection assembly 5 connected to the support assembly 4 is located within the light-shielding frame 101. The visual inspection component 5 is used to detect surface defects of the guide rail body 7 in a circumferential direction. The visual inspection component 5 includes a left inspection module 501, a top inspection module 503, a bottom inspection module 504, and a right inspection module 505. The left inspection module 501 and the right inspection module 505 are respectively connected to the corresponding side support modules located in the ring frame a401 and the ring frame b402 through the mounting plate 502. The left inspection module 501 and the right inspection module 505 are respectively located on the side of the ring frame a401 and the ring frame b402 that are far apart from each other, and the left inspection module 501 and the right inspection module 505 are respectively located on both sides of the guide rail body 7. The top inspection module 503 is located in the upper inner part of the ring frame a401, and the bottom inspection module 504 is located in the lower inner part of the ring frame b402. A transmission component 6 is provided between the guide component 3 and the support component 4. The transmission component 6 is used to drive the top inspection module 503 and the bottom inspection module 504 to move closer or further apart.

[0032] In this embodiment, the guide component 3 set at the end of the frame 1 can be used to center the position of the guide rail body 7 of different specifications conveyed by the conveying component 2. At the same time, it can maintain the stability of the conveying speed of the guide rail body 7 and avoid the problem of reduced detection accuracy caused by inconsistent speed of the guide rail body 7 during the conveying process. The visual inspection component 5 allows for a comprehensive inspection of the guide rail body 7 during the transport process, avoiding the inefficiency of only being able to detect surface defects on one side of the guide rail body 7 in a single inspection, thus significantly improving inspection efficiency. Simultaneously, by staggering the left inspection module 501, top inspection module 503, bottom inspection module 504, and right inspection module 505, reflection crosstalk can be effectively avoided, improving the inspection effect. Furthermore, existing image stitching technology allows for the stitching of images captured by the left inspection module 501, top inspection module 503, bottom inspection module 504, and right inspection module 505, enabling image detection and analysis, facilitating high-precision defect detection of the guide rail body 7. By using the support component 4, the guide rail body 7 can be kept moving stably during the inspection process, avoiding the guide rail body 7 from shifting during the inspection process and affecting the smoothness and integrity of the inspection screen, avoiding inspection errors caused by the movement and shift of the guide rail body 7, and improving the surface defect detection accuracy. The connection between the support component 4 and the vision inspection component 5 ensures the consistency of the distance between the left inspection module 501 and the right inspection module 505 and the sides of the guide rail body 7 of different specifications, facilitating the maintenance of inspection accuracy. Simultaneously, the cooperation between the guide component 3, the support component 4, the vision inspection component 5, and the transmission component 6 enables the top inspection module 503 and the bottom inspection module 504 to move synchronously closer and further apart, thereby synchronously adjusting the distance between the top inspection module 503 and the top surface of the guide rail body 7, and the distance between the bottom inspection module 504 and the bottom surface of the guide rail body 7. The height of the top inspection module 503 and the bottom inspection module 504 can be adaptively adjusted according to the different specifications of the guide rail body 7 under test, achieving automatic adjustment of magnification. This avoids the instability and effectiveness of inspection accuracy that cannot be guaranteed due to the fixed positions of the left inspection module 501, top inspection module 503, bottom inspection module 504, and right inspection module 505. This meets the needs for efficient and accurate inspection of surface defects of guide rail bodies 7 of different specifications, improving the applicability of the device.

[0033] It is worth noting that the conveying assembly 2 adopts a roller conveying structure composed of multiple sets of idlers. The guide rail is supported and conveyed by adjacent idlers to reduce the obstruction of the bottom surface of the guide rail body 7 and facilitate the detection of appearance defects on the bottom of the guide rail body 7.

[0034] It should be noted that the left detection module 501, the top detection module 503, the bottom detection module 504, and the right detection module 505 all include a light source and an industrial camera. The light source is located on one side of the industrial camera close to the entrance end of the light-shielding frame 101, avoiding direct light from the light source from affecting the detection result of the industrial camera. At the same time, it can provide a stable lighting environment during the surface defect detection process. Among them, the light source adopts a standard vision light source component, for example, a low-angle strip light source or a semi-circular ring light source.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 1-5 , the guiding component 3 includes mounting frames 301 symmetrically arranged at the ends of the light-shielding frame 101. The two mounting frames 301 are respectively located on both sides of the guide rail body 7. A plurality of guide rollers 302 are rotatably provided on one side of the mounting frame 301 close to the guide rail body 7. The plurality of guide rollers 302 are distributed in a "丿" shape. A pulley a 303 is provided at the top of the guide roller 302. A pulley b 304 is rotatably provided outside the mounting frame 301. The pulley b 304 and a plurality of pulleys a 303 are connected by a transmission belt 305. A motor a 306 connected to the pulley b 304 is installed on the mounting frame 301. Transverse sliding grooves 308 perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying component 2 are symmetrically opened at the ends of the light-shielding frame 101. A vertical sliding plate 307 connected to the corresponding mounting frame 301 is slidably provided in the transverse sliding groove 308. A turntable 309 is rotatably provided at the end of the light-shielding frame 101. Two guiding grooves 310 are circumferentially distributed on the turntable 309. A sliding column a 311 connected to the vertical sliding plate 307 is slidably provided in the guiding groove 310. A sliding rod 312 penetrating through the other vertical sliding plate 307 is provided on one of the vertical sliding plates 307. An end plate 313 is provided at one end of the sliding rod 312 far from the connected vertical sliding plate 307. A spring a 314 sleeved outside the sliding rod 312 is connected between the end plate 313 and the vertical sliding plate 307 penetrated by the vertical sliding plate 307.

[0036] In this embodiment, in the initial state, the two sliding columns a 311 are close to each other, the two vertical sliding plates 307 are close to each other, and the spring a 314 is in its original length. At this time, the distance between the two mounting frames 301 is at the minimum value. The motor a 306 drives the pulley b 304 to rotate, and the pulley b 304带动若干个引导辊302向两个安装架301中间转动。 (There seems to be an error in this sentence. It should be something like "the pulley b 304 drives a plurality of guide rollers 302 to rotate towards the middle of the two mounting frames 301" in a more accurate translation.)

[0037] Further, when the conveying component 2 conveys the guide rail body 7 to be measured to the inlet end of the light-shielding frame 101, the end of the guide rail body 7 will contact the guide roller 302 on one side. Since the guide roller 302 rotates towards the middle of the two mounting frames 301, it will drive the end of the guide rail body 7 to adjust towards the middle of the two mounting frames 301; when the two sides of the end of the guide rail body 7 respectively contact the two guide rollers 302 located close to each other on the mounting frame 301, the guide rail body 7 will push the corresponding two guide rollers 302 away from each other in the reverse direction to ensure that a moving channel for the guide rail body 7 is left between the corresponding two guide rollers 302.

[0038] Furthermore, since the corresponding two guide rollers 302 are in a state of moving away from each other, and the vertical slide plate 307 and the horizontal chute groove 308 are in sliding fit, the sliding column a311 and the guide groove 310 are in sliding fit, and the turntable 309 and the light-shielding frame 101 are in rotational fit, the two mounting frames 301 will also move away synchronously. Since the distance between the two vertical slide plates 307 becomes larger and the distance between the penetrated vertical slide plate 307 and the end plate 313 becomes smaller, the spring a314 is stressed and compressed, making the corresponding guide roller 302 closely adhere to the side wall of the guide rail body 7, improving the stability of the transportation of the guide rail body 7.

[0039] It should be noted that the length direction of the guide groove 310 forms an acute angle with the radial direction of the turntable 309, which can drive the two sliding columns a311 to move closer to or away from each other synchronously; in addition, a scale (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the edge of the turntable 309. According to the rotation angle of the turntable 309, the width of the guide rail body 7 passing through at this time can be automatically indicated, facilitating the staff to understand the work progress and record data.

[0040] It should be noted that through a plurality of guide rollers 302 distributed in a "丿" shape, the guide rail body 7 in the conveying process can be quickly centered and stably centered and exported.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 1-2 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 7 and Figure 9 , the bottom support module includes a lower support frame 407 arranged at the lower part inside the ring frame a401. A plurality of lower supporting rollers 406 are rotatably arranged on the top of the lower support frame 407, and the top of the lower supporting rollers 406 contacts the bottom of the guide rail body 7.

[0042] The top light-pressing module includes a sliding square tube 411 slidably arranged at the upper part inside the ring frame b402. A plurality of upper pressing rollers 410 are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the sliding square tube 411. A spring b412 is connected between the top of the ring frame b402 and the sliding square tube 411.

[0043] The side support module includes fixed groove plates 403 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the inner side of the ring frame a401 and the ring frame b402. A movable seat 404 is slidably provided in the fixed groove plate 403. A side abutting roller 405 is rotatably provided at one end of the two movable seats 404 that is close to each other and movably abuts against the side wall of the guide rail body 7. A connecting rod 413 is provided on the movable seat 404. A lifting plate 408 is slidably provided on the outer side of the lower support frame 407 and the sliding square tube 411. A lifting groove plate 409 is symmetrically provided at both ends of the lifting plate 408 and slidably cooperates with the corresponding connecting rod 413.

[0044] In this embodiment, several lower support rollers 406 provide stable support to the bottom of the guide rail body 7 during the conveying process, preventing the guide rail body 7 from sagging and affecting the accuracy of surface defect detection. The cooperation of spring b412 and several upper pressure rollers 410 allows the upper pressure rollers 410 to lightly press against the top of the guide rail body 7, preventing the guide rail body 7 from jumping during conveying and causing localized defocusing and image blurring. The side support module enables automatic centering of the guide rail body 7, ensuring that the surface to be tested on the guide rail body 7 is located precisely in the middle of the detection area between the top detection module 503 and the bottom detection module 504 during each detection process, thus improving detection accuracy.

[0045] Furthermore, through the sliding engagement between the symmetrically arranged lifting trough plate 409 and the corresponding connecting rod 413, as well as the sliding engagement between the fixed trough plate 403 and the moving seat 404, the synchronous approach and departure of the corresponding two side rollers 405 can be achieved, ensuring the stability of the guide rail body 7 in centered conveying.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figures 1-2 , Figures 4-6 The transmission assembly 6 includes a connecting plate a601, a connecting plate b602, and a connecting plate c603. The connecting plate a601 is connected between the movable seat 404 located within the ring frame a401 and the corresponding mounting bracket 301. The connecting plate b602 is connected between two corresponding movable seats 404 located within the ring frame a401 and the ring frame b402, respectively. The connecting plate c603 is connected between the movable seat 404 located within the ring frame b402 and the corresponding mounting bracket 301.

[0047] In this embodiment, in the initial state, the distance between the two corresponding mounting brackets 301 is at its minimum. Through the connection of the connecting plate b602, the synchronous movement between the corresponding moving seats 404 located on the ring frame a401 and the ring frame b402 can be realized. The mounting bracket 301 drives the corresponding moving seat 404 to move closer to the center of the ring frame a401 or the ring frame b402 by connecting the connecting plate a601. At this time, the distance between the two side rollers 405 located in the ring frame a401 or the ring frame b402 is at its minimum. The mounting plate 502 connected to the corresponding moving seat 404 also moves closer to the center of the ring frame a401 or the ring frame b402, that is, the left detection module 501 and the right detection module 505 move closer to the center of the ring frame a401 or the ring frame b402.

[0048] Furthermore, when the end of the guide rail body 7 pushes the corresponding two guide rollers 302 located on the two mounting brackets 301 away from each other, the guide rollers 302 drive the mounting brackets 301 to move synchronously. The mounting brackets 301 drive the corresponding moving seat 404 to move towards the inner outer edge of the ring frame a401 or ring frame b402 through the sliding cooperation between the symmetrically arranged lifting groove plate 409 and the corresponding connecting rod 413, as well as the sliding cooperation between the fixed groove plate 403 and the moving seat 404, the synchronous movement of the corresponding two side abutting rollers 405 can be achieved. This enables the left detection module 501 and the right detection module 505 to move towards the inner outer edge of the ring frame a401 or ring frame b402, thereby automatically adjusting the distance between the left detection module 501 and the right detection module 505 and the side of the guide rail body 7. This avoids the problem that the left detection module 501 and the right detection module 505 are fixed in position and cannot accurately detect the side of the guide rail body 7.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figures 1-2 , Figures 4-9The transmission assembly 6 further includes an internal gear ring 606 and a rotating rod 604 rotatably disposed between ring frame a401 and ring frame b402. Both ring frame a401 and ring frame b402 have a transmission gear a605 movably disposed inside, meshing with the internal gear ring 606. The transmission gear a605 is connected to the end of the rotating rod 604. A fixed seat 607 is provided on the upper inner side of ring frame a401 and the lower inner side of ring frame b402. A sliding mount connected to the top detection module 503 or the bottom detection module 504 is slidably disposed on the fixed seat 607. The movable seat 608 has a connecting groove plate 609 at one end away from the top detection module 503 or the bottom detection module 504. The fixed seat 607 has a transmission gear b611 that meshes with the internal gear ring 606. The side wall edge of the transmission gear b611 has a sliding column b610 that slides with the connecting groove plate 609. The connecting plate b602 has a vertical groove plate 614. The rotating rod 604 has a lever 612. The lever 612 has a sliding column c613 that slides with the vertical groove plate 614.

[0050] In this embodiment, in the initial state, the distance between the two corresponding mounting brackets 301 is at its minimum value. Connecting plates a601, b602, and c603 are close to the middle of the light-shielding frame 101. The sliding column c613 slides with the lower end of the vertical groove plate 614. At this time, the top detection module 503 and the bottom detection module 504 are close to the middle of the ring frame a401 and the middle of the ring frame b402, respectively. The sliding column b610 is close to the middle of the ring frame a401 or the ring frame b402.

[0051] Furthermore, when the end of the guide rail body 7 pushes the two guide rollers 302 located on the two mounting brackets 301 away from each other, the guide rollers 302 drive the mounting brackets 301 to move synchronously. The mounting brackets 301, through connection with the connecting plate a601, drive the corresponding moving seat 404 to move towards the inner outer edge of the ring frame a401 or ring frame b402. The connecting plate b602 moves synchronously and drives the vertical groove plate 614 to move synchronously. The vertical groove plate 614, through cooperation with the sliding column c613 and the rotational cooperation between the rotating rod 604 and the ring frame a401, drives the rotating rod 604 to rotate upward. The rotating rod 604 drives the transmission gear a605 to rotate synchronously. The transmission gear a605, through meshing with the internal gear ring 606 and the meshing between the internal gear ring 606 and the transmission gear b611, drives the sliding column b610 to rotate, causing the sliding column b610 to move away from the center of the ring frame a401 or ring frame b402. The sliding column b610, through... The sliding engagement of the connecting slot plate 609 and the sliding engagement of the sliding seat 608 and the fixed seat 607 drives the corresponding top detection module 503 or right detection module 505 away from the center of the ring frame a401 or ring frame b402. This allows for synchronous adaptive adjustment of the distance between the top detection module 503 and the top of the guide rail body 7, and the distance between the right detection module 505 and the bottom of the guide rail body 7. The height of the top detection module 503 and the bottom detection module 504 can be adaptively adjusted according to the different specifications of the guide rail body 7 under test, realizing automatic adjustment of the magnification. This avoids the inability to guarantee the stability and effectiveness of the detection accuracy due to the fixed positions of the left detection module 501, top detection module 503, bottom detection module 504 and right detection module 505. It can meet the needs of efficient and accurate detection of surface defects of guide rail bodies 7 of different specifications, and improve the applicability of the device.

[0052] It is worth noting that the transmission gear b611 is rotatably engaged with the top of the fixed seat 607 near the internal gear ring 606, thereby ensuring that the sliding column b610 will not interfere with the fixed seat 607 during the rotation of the transmission gear b611, which can improve the reliability of the height adjustment of the top detection module 503 and the bottom detection module 504.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figures 1-10 A detection method for guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision includes the following steps: Step S1: The guide component 3 adjusts the centering of the guide rail bodies 7 of different specifications conveyed by the conveying component 2. Step S2: Through the cooperation between the guide component 3, the support component 4 and the transmission component 6, the position or height of the left detection module 501, the top detection module 503, the bottom detection module 504 and the right detection module 505 are adaptively adjusted to ensure the effective detection accuracy of the left detection module 501, the top detection module 503, the bottom detection module 504 and the right detection module 505 on the corresponding test surfaces of the guide rail body 7. Step S3: By staggering the left detection module 501, top detection module 503, bottom detection module 504 and right detection module 505, a comprehensive inspection of the guide rail body 7 during the conveying process is carried out. The images captured by the left detection module 501, top detection module 503, bottom detection module 504 and right detection module 505 are stitched together using image stitching technology, and the images are then detected and analyzed.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A guide rail surface defect detection device based on industrial vision, comprising a frame, characterized in that, A light-shielding frame is provided at the top of the frame body. Two installation grooves are provided on the frame body. A conveying component for conveying the guide rail body is provided on the frame body. It further includes: A guiding component, which is respectively arranged at both ends of the light-shielding frame and automatically centers and abuts against the two side walls of the guide rail body; A supporting component, which is arranged on the two installation grooves. The supporting component is used to prevent the guide rail body from shaking during the conveying process. The supporting component includes ring frames a and b respectively arranged in the two installation grooves. Side supporting modules are provided in both the ring frame a and the ring frame b. A bottom supporting module that contacts the bottom of the guide rail body is provided in the ring frame a. A top light-pressing module that movably contacts the top of the guide rail body is provided in the ring frame b; A visual detection component, which is arranged in the light-shielding frame and connected to the supporting component. The visual detection component is used to circumferentially detect the surface defects of the guide rail body. The visual detection component includes a left detection module, a top detection module, a bottom detection module and a right detection module. The left detection module and the right detection module are respectively connected to the corresponding side supporting modules located in the ring frame a and the ring frame b through mounting plates. The left detection module and the right detection module are respectively located on the sides of the ring frame a and the ring frame b that are far away from each other and the left detection module and the right detection module are respectively located on both sides of the guide rail body. The top detection module is located in the upper inner part of the ring frame a. The bottom detection module is located in the lower inner part of the ring frame b; A transmission component, which is arranged between the guiding component and the supporting component. The transmission component is used to drive the top detection module and the bottom detection module to approach or move away from each other.

2. The guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding component includes mounting frames symmetrically arranged at the ends of the light-shielding frame. The two mounting frames are respectively located on both sides of the guide rail body. A plurality of guiding rollers are rotatably arranged on the side of the mounting frame close to the guide rail body. The plurality of guiding rollers are distributed in a "丿" shape. A pulley a is provided at the top of the guiding roller. A pulley b is rotatably arranged outside the mounting frame. The pulley b and the plurality of pulleys a are connected by a transmission belt. A motor a connected to the pulley b is installed on the mounting frame. Transverse sliding grooves perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying component are symmetrically opened at the ends of the light-shielding frame. Vertical sliding plates connected to the corresponding mounting frames are slidably arranged in the transverse sliding grooves. A turntable is rotatably arranged at the end of the light-shielding frame. Two guiding grooves are circumferentially distributed on the turntable. A sliding column a connected to the vertical sliding plate is slidably arranged in the guiding groove. A sliding rod penetrating through the other vertical sliding plate is provided on one of the vertical sliding plates. An end plate is provided at the end of the sliding rod far away from the connected vertical sliding plate. A spring a sleeved outside the sliding rod is connected between the end plate and the vertical sliding plate penetrated by the vertical sliding plate.

3. The guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length direction of the guiding groove forms an acute angle with the radial direction of the turntable.

4. The guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom supporting module includes a lower support frame arranged at the lower inner part of the ring frame a. A plurality of lower supporting rollers are rotatably arranged at the top of the lower support frame. The tops of the lower supporting rollers contact the bottom of the guide rail body.

5. The guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top light-pressing module includes a sliding square tube slidably arranged at the upper inner part of the ring frame b. A plurality of upper pressing rollers are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the sliding square tube. A spring b is connected between the top of the ring frame b and the sliding square tube.

6. The guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side support module includes fixed groove plates symmetrically arranged at both ends of the inner sides of ring frame a and ring frame b. Movable seats are slidably provided in the fixed groove plates. The two movable seats are rotatably provided with side abutting rollers that movably abut against the side wall of the guide rail body at their respective ends. A connecting rod is provided on the movable seat. Lifting plates are slidably provided on the outer sides of the lower support frame and the sliding square tube. Lifting groove plates that slide and cooperate with the corresponding connecting rods are symmetrically provided at both ends of the lifting plates.

7. The guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes connecting plate a, connecting plate b, and connecting plate c. Connecting plate a is connected between a movable seat located within ring frame a and a corresponding mounting bracket. Connecting plate b is connected between two corresponding movable seats located within ring frame a and ring frame b, respectively. Connecting plate c is connected between a movable seat located within ring frame b and a corresponding mounting bracket.

8. The guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission assembly further includes an internal gear ring and a rotating rod rotatably disposed between ring frame a and ring frame b. Both ring frame a and ring frame b have a transmission gear a movably disposed inside that meshes with the internal gear ring. The transmission gear a is connected to the end of the rotating rod. Fixed seats are provided on the upper inner side of ring frame a and the lower inner side of ring frame b. A sliding seat connected to a top detection module or a bottom detection module is slidably disposed on the fixed seat. A connecting groove plate is provided at the end of the sliding seat away from the top detection module or the bottom detection module. A transmission gear b meshing with the internal gear ring is rotatably disposed on the fixed seat. A sliding column b that slidably engages with the connecting groove plate is provided on the sidewall edge of the transmission gear b. A vertical groove plate is provided on the connecting plate b. A lever is mounted on the rotating rod, and a sliding column c that slidably engages with the vertical groove plate is provided on the lever.

9. The guide rail surface defect detection equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left detection module, top detection module, bottom detection module and right detection module all include a light source and an industrial camera, with the light source located on the side of the industrial camera near the entrance end of the light-shielding frame.

10. A detection method for a guide rail surface defect detection device based on industrial vision, characterized in that, The guide rail surface defect detection device based on industrial vision as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: Step S1: Adjust the centering of the guide rails of different specifications conveyed by the conveying component using the guiding component; Step S2: Through the cooperation between the guide component, support component and transmission component, the position or height of the left detection module, top detection module, bottom detection module and right detection module are adaptively adjusted to ensure the effective detection accuracy of the left detection module, top detection module, bottom detection module and right detection module on the corresponding test surface of the guide rail body; Step S3: By staggering the left, top, bottom, and right detection modules, a comprehensive inspection of the guide rail body during the conveying process is carried out. The images captured by the left, top, bottom, and right detection modules are stitched together using image stitching technology, and the images are then detected and analyzed.

Images