DP-DN wire for checking internal resistance of wire rod

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of charging cable detection, and discloses a DP-DN wire for checking the internal resistance of a wire rod, which comprises an intelligent control module arranged in a charging adapter and an intelligent management module arranged in electronic equipment. The two modules communicate and negotiate through a data wire core to determine a basic internal resistance test mode or an advanced diagnosis mode. In the basic mode, DC resistance measurement is cooperatively performed. In the advanced diagnosis mode, the intelligent control module injects an alternating current detection signal and collects an adapter end phasor; the intelligent management module collects the phasor of the electronic equipment end and transmits the phasor back through the load modulation unit. A central control unit of the intelligent control module calculates complex impedance according to phasors at the two ends, compares a real-time impedance spectrum with a fault feature library through a diagnosis and matching engine, and determines a state identifier. And the self-adaptive charging strategy controller adjusts charging parameters accordingly. According to the invention, the cable state can be accurately diagnosed, and self-adaptive safe charging is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of charging cable testing, and in particular to a DP-DN cable for checking the internal resistance of wires. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of electronic devices and the development of charging technology, DP-DN cables, as key components connecting charging adapters and electronic devices, are increasingly carrying greater charging power. The electrical characteristics of DP-DN cables, especially their internal resistance, have a direct impact on charging efficiency and safety.

[0003] In existing charging solutions, charging adapters and electronic devices typically lack effective means of sensing the electrical characteristics of the DP-DN cable used. The charging system struggles to determine the cable's accurate internal resistance, making it impossible to match an optimal charging current. This leads to reduced charging efficiency or cable overheating when using high-current charging, due to unknown or excessively high cable internal resistance.

[0004] Furthermore, the electrical state of a cable is not constant. During charging, the cable itself heats up due to prolonged high current, causing an increase in resistivity; or, poor contact may occur at the connector port, leading to increased contact resistance.

[0005] Existing technologies generally lack a mechanism to perform real-time, accurate measurement and diagnosis of the cable's DC internal resistance and even more complex AC impedance characteristics during cable connection and throughout the charging process. This lack of information prevents the charging strategy from adaptively adjusting to the actual health status of the cable, thus posing safety hazards when faced with cable degradation, poor contact, or overheating. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a DP-DN cable for checking the internal resistance of wires, aiming to solve the technical problem that existing DP-DN cables cannot monitor the electrical characteristics and health status of the cables themselves in real time when connecting charging adapters and electronic devices, which leads to reduced charging efficiency or safety hazards.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A DP-DN cable for checking the internal resistance of wires is provided, comprising an intelligent control module disposed inside a charging adapter and an intelligent management module disposed inside an electronic device. The intelligent control module and the intelligent management module communicate and negotiate via data cores (e.g., Data Plus and Data Minus cores) within the DP-DN cable to determine an operating mode. The operating modes include a basic internal resistance test mode and an advanced diagnostic mode.

[0008] In the technical solution of this invention, when operating in the basic internal resistance test mode, the test process is initiated by the intelligent management module. The intelligent management module sends a wire internal resistance test command carrying a preset DC test current value to the intelligent control module. The intelligent control module responds to this command, outputs the preset DC test current, and simultaneously collects the DC voltage value of the charging adapter's power output port and sends it to the intelligent management module. After collecting the DC voltage value of the electronic device's power receiving port, the intelligent management module calculates the average DC resistance of a single power conductor based on the DC voltage value of the charging adapter's power output port, the DC voltage value of the electronic device's power receiving port, and the preset DC test current value.

[0009] When operating in advanced diagnostic mode, the intelligent control module works in conjunction with the intelligent management module to perform multi-frequency impedance spectrum measurement and diagnosis.

[0010] In this mode, the intelligent control module includes a first Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit, which is used to send a capability query data frame to the intelligent management module and receive a response data frame containing the advanced diagnostic mode support status, thereby completing the negotiation of the working mode.

[0011] The intelligent control module also includes a multi-frequency AC signal injection unit for superimposing one (or a series) AC detection signals of a specific frequency onto the power conductor of the DP-DN line. Further, the multi-frequency AC signal injection unit may include a digital-to-analog converter, a voltage-controlled current source, and a DC blocking coupling capacitor for converting the digital waveform commands from the central control unit into AC current signals injected into the power conductor.

[0012] The intelligent control module also includes a broadband impedance measurement unit, which is used to synchronously acquire the AC voltage phasor and the total AC current phasor of the charging adapter output port during AC probe signal injection.

[0013] Meanwhile, the intelligent management module includes a second Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit for receiving the capability query data frame and sending the response data frame.

[0014] The intelligent management module also includes an AC signal sensing unit for acquiring the AC voltage at the power receiving port of the electronic device and calculating an AC voltage phasor in advanced diagnostic mode. Further, the AC signal sensing unit may include a differential amplifier, whose input is connected to the physical pin of the power receiving port of the electronic device via a DC blocking capacitor, and an analog-to-digital converter for digitizing the analog voltage signal output by the differential amplifier.

[0015] The intelligent management module further includes a load modulation unit. This load modulation unit encodes the AC voltage phasor information calculated by the AC signal sensing unit and sends the AC voltage phasor data back to the intelligent control module in the form of a power line carrier by applying a controlled perturbation to the total charging current of the electronic device. Further, the load modulation unit may include a controlled switching element, a load resistor connected in series with the switching element, and a switch driving circuit for controlling the on and off of the controlled switching element.

[0016] The intelligent control module also includes a power line carrier demodulation unit, used to extract and decode the data signal (i.e., the AC voltage phasor at the electronic device end) sent by the intelligent management module through load modulation from the total output current of the charging adapter.

[0017] The intelligent control module further includes a central control unit. This central control unit calculates the complex impedance of the DP-DN line based on the AC voltage phasor and total AC current phasor (i.e., the phasor at the charging adapter end) acquired by the broadband impedance measurement unit, and the AC voltage phasor (i.e., the phasor at the electronic device end) decoded by the power line carrier demodulation unit at the power receiving port of the electronic device.

[0018] To achieve fault diagnosis, the central control unit also includes a fault feature library memory and a diagnostic and matching engine. The fault feature library memory stores multiple standard impedance spectrum vectors. The diagnostic and matching engine compares the real-time impedance spectrum, formed based on complex impedances calculated at multiple different detection frequencies, with the standard impedance spectrum vectors to determine a status identifier.

[0019] The central control unit also includes an adaptive charging strategy controller. The adaptive charging strategy controller retrieves the corresponding charging control instruction set from the strategy lookup table based on the status identifier determined by the diagnostic and matching engine, and adjusts the output parameters of the power management integrated circuit inside the charging adapter accordingly. For example, when overheating of the cable or poor contact of the connector is diagnosed, it actively reduces the charging current or interrupts charging.

[0020] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. In the basic internal resistance test mode, the intelligent management module can initiate a one-time DC resistance measurement to quickly assess the basic conductivity of the cable; in the advanced diagnostic mode, the intelligent control module and the intelligent management module work together to perform AC impedance spectrum analysis throughout the charging process, achieving comprehensive coverage from rapid detection to refined diagnosis, and improving the flexibility and applicability of the test.

[0021] 2. In the advanced diagnostic mode, the broadband impedance measurement unit of the intelligent control module collects the voltage and current phasors at the adapter end, while the AC signal sensing unit of the intelligent management module collects the voltage phasors at the electronic device end. The latter transmits the data back through the load modulation unit, and the central control unit calculates the complex impedance based on the actual measurement data at both ends of the cable, eliminating measurement blind spots and improving the accuracy of the diagnostic results.

[0022] 3. This invention has the capability of proactive fault diagnosis and adaptive safety control. The diagnostic and matching engine in the central control unit compares the real-time impedance spectrum with the standard vector in the fault feature library memory to determine the specific status identifier (such as overheating or poor contact). The adaptive charging strategy controller can automatically retrieve and execute the corresponding instructions based on the identifier, realizing closed-loop safety management based on the real-time health status of the cable, changing passive protection to active defense, and greatly enhancing the safety of the charging process. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the diagnostic system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the intelligent control module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of the intelligent management module of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the diagnostic method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 4 The present invention will be further described in detail below.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a DP-DN cable for checking the internal resistance of wires. It is used in conjunction with a DP-DN cable to connect a charging adapter to an electronic device to be charged.

[0026] A DP-DN cable for checking the internal resistance of wires is composed of an intelligent control module located inside the charging adapter and an intelligent management module located inside the electronic device.

[0027] The internal structure of a DP-DN cable includes at least two power conductors for transmitting electrical energy and at least two data conductors for transmitting data. The power conductors are specifically the Voltage Bus conductor and the Ground conductor. The data conductors are specifically the DataPlus conductor and the DataMinus conductor.

[0028] By using a DP-DN cable to connect the charging adapter and the electronic device, the power output port of the charging adapter is connected to the power receiving port of the electronic device via the Voltage Bus core and the Ground core, while the data exchange port of the charging adapter is connected to the data exchange port of the electronic device via the Data Plus core and the Data Minus core.

[0029] A DP-DN cable for checking wire internal resistance is capable of operating in two different modes: a basic internal resistance test mode and an advanced diagnostic mode. The selection of the operating mode is determined through communication negotiation between the charging adapter's intelligent control module and the electronic device's intelligent management module via the Data Plus and Data Minus cores.

[0030] In the basic internal resistance test mode, a one-time DC resistance measurement is performed. This measurement process is initiated by the intelligent management module of the electronic device, which is also responsible for the final internal resistance calculation and charging current decision. The specific execution steps of this mode include: First, the intelligent management module of the electronic device sends a wire internal resistance test command to the intelligent control module of the charging adapter through the second Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit. This command data frame explicitly carries a preset DC test current value, denoted as I, for this test. In a specific embodiment, this preset DC test current value I is set to 1 ampere (1A).

[0031] The second step involves the charging adapter's intelligent control module receiving and parsing the cable's internal resistance test command, extracting the preset DC test current value I. The charging adapter's central control unit then instructs its internal power management integrated circuit to operate under load for a specified time (e.g., within 10 milliseconds after receiving the command), ensuring that the output current remains stable at I.

[0032] The third step involves the charging adapter's intelligent control module (which can utilize the voltage sensing circuit in the broadband impedance measurement unit) acquiring the DC voltage value at the charging adapter's power output port, denoted as V, after the output current of the charging adapter has stabilized at I. bus1 Subsequently, the intelligent control module will collect the DC voltage value V. bus1 The data is packaged into a single data frame and sent to the electronic device via the Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit.

[0033] Fourth, the intelligent management module of the electronic device receives a signal containing V bus1After the data frame is verified to be error-free, almost simultaneously (to ensure the consistency of the measurement data), the DC voltage value of the electronic device's power receiving port is acquired through its internal sensing circuit (which can utilize the voltage sensing circuit in the AC signal sensing unit), and denoted as V. bus2 The fifth step involves the electronic device's control unit collecting three key data points: the charging adapter terminal voltage V... bus1 Electronic device terminal voltage V bus2 And a preset DC test current I is used to calculate the average DC resistance R of a single power conductor. core The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, R core V represents the average DC resistance of a single power conductor. bus1 This indicates the DC voltage value at the power output port of the charging adapter; V bus2 I represents the DC voltage value of the power receiving port of the electronic device; I represents the preset DC test current value output by the charging adapter and flowing through the power line core during the test.

[0034] Step six, the device control unit of the electronic device calculates R core Then, this internal resistance value is compared with its internally stored strategy table to determine a maximum safe charging current, denoted as I. require This strategy follows the internal resistance R of the electronic core. core With charging current I require The principle of inverse proportionality between internal resistance and current applies; that is, the higher the internal resistance, the less suitable it is for high-current charging. Therefore, the determined I... require The smaller the value, the better. Finally, the intelligent management module of the electronic device will determine the charging current I. require The command is encapsulated into a charging instruction and sent to the charging adapter through the second Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit. The charging adapter then executes the subsequent charging process based on this instruction.

[0035] In advanced diagnostic mode, a periodic multi-frequency AC impedance spectrum analysis is performed throughout the charging process. In this mode, the intelligent control module of the charging adapter superimposes a set of AC probe signals of specific frequencies onto the DC charging power. The intelligent control module, in conjunction with the intelligent management module of the electronic device, analyzes the changes in the AC probe signals as they travel along the power line core to calculate the complex impedance of the DP-DN line at multiple frequency points, thus forming an impedance spectrum for subsequent fault diagnosis and condition assessment.

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, the intelligent control module includes a first Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit. This first Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit is used to establish a bidirectional serial communication link between the charging adapter and the electronic device via the Data Plus and Data Minus cores of the DP-DN line.

[0037] The hardware of the first Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit includes a physical layer transceiver. The transmitting end of the physical layer transceiver is connected to the logic output port of the central control unit of the intelligent control module, and the receiving end is connected to the logic input port of the central control unit. The physical layer transceiver is directly electrically connected to the Data Plus and Data Minus physical pins at the power output port of the charging adapter. The function of the physical layer transceiver is to convert the binary logic level signal from the central control unit into a differential or single-ended signal conforming to the electrical characteristics of the Data Plus and Data Minus cores for transmission; simultaneously, it converts the electrical signals received from the Data Plus and Data Minus cores back into binary logic level signals and transmits them to the central control unit.

[0038] The function of the first Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit is implemented by the central control unit executing a preset communication protocol program. After detecting the access of an electronic device, the central control unit drives the first Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit to initiate a communication handshake.

[0039] The communication handshake process includes the following steps: The central control unit constructs a capability query data frame. A complete data frame structure includes a start sequence, a specific command code to identify the capability query request, a data payload segment, and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code for data integrity verification. The central control unit then transmits the constructed capability query data frame to the electronic device via a physical layer transceiver.

[0040] After sending the capability query data frame, the second Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit switches to the receiving state, waiting for a response data frame from the electronic device. Upon receiving the response data frame, the second Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit first verifies the integrity of the data frame using the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code in the response data frame.

[0041] For a successfully verified response data frame, the central control unit parses the data payload segment of the response data frame. A predefined bit in the data payload segment is used to identify whether the electronic device supports advanced diagnostic modes. For example, a logic 1 indicates support, and a logic 0 indicates no support. Based on the parsed bit value, the central control unit determines whether the subsequent operating mode is basic internal resistance test mode or advanced diagnostic mode.

[0042] The intelligent control module includes a multi-frequency AC signal injection unit. The function of the multi-frequency AC signal injection unit is to superimpose an AC detection signal, the frequency and amplitude of which are precisely controlled by the central control unit, onto the DC charging power output by the charging adapter.

[0043] In one specific embodiment, the hardware circuit of the multi-frequency AC signal injection unit consists of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a voltage-controlled current source (VDC), and a DC-blocking coupling capacitor. The DAC's digital input bus is connected to the central control unit's data output bus. The DAC's analog voltage output is electrically connected to the VDC's voltage control input. The VDC's current output is connected to the charging adapter's voltage bus power line via the DC-blocking coupling capacitor.

[0044] The multi-frequency AC signal injection unit operates as follows: The central control unit sends digital waveform commands to the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) via the digital input bus according to the preset frequency sweep sequence of the advanced diagnostic mode. The digital waveform command is a set of discrete data defining the period, sampling points, and amplitude of a sine wave. Upon receiving the digital waveform command, the DAC converts the digital sequence into a continuous analog voltage signal with a specific frequency and amplitude.

[0045] The voltage-controlled current source receives this analog voltage signal and, based on the preset conversion gain, generates an AC current signal with the same waveform as the input voltage and a current amplitude that is linearly proportional to the input voltage amplitude.

[0046] The generated AC current signal is injected into the Voltage Bus power line core via a DC blocking coupling capacitor. The function of the DC blocking coupling capacitor is to provide a low-impedance path for the AC current signal, allowing it to be effectively superimposed on the DC charging current, while simultaneously blocking the high DC voltage on the Voltage Bus power line core from flowing back into the voltage-controlled current source, thereby protecting the injection circuit.

[0047] The central control unit can precisely control the parameters of the injected AC probe signal by changing the digital waveform commands sent to the digital-to-analog converter. During multi-frequency impedance spectroscopy scanning, the central control unit sends digital waveform commands corresponding to different frequency points (e.g., f1, f2, ..., fn) sequentially at preset time intervals, thereby driving the multi-frequency AC signal injection unit to sequentially generate a series of AC probe signals with different frequencies.

[0048] The intelligent control module includes a broadband impedance measurement unit. The function of the broadband impedance measurement unit is to simultaneously acquire the phasor information of the AC probe current injected by the multi-frequency AC signal injection unit, as well as the phasor information of the AC voltage generated at the power output port of the charging adapter.

[0049] The broadband impedance measurement unit includes a current sensing circuit and a voltage sensing circuit. The current sensing circuit measures the total current flowing through the voltage bus power conductor. In one embodiment, the current sensing circuit consists of a precision current sampling resistor with low resistance connected in series in the main circuit of the voltage bus power conductor and a differential amplifier. By measuring the voltage drop across the precision current sampling resistor and amplifying it through the differential amplifier, a voltage signal proportional to the total current can be obtained.

[0050] The voltage sensing circuit is used to measure the voltage at the power output port of the charging adapter. The voltage sensing circuit consists of a high-input-impedance differential amplifier. The two input terminals of the differential amplifier are connected to the VoltageBus power line and the Ground power line via DC blocking capacitors, respectively. The DC blocking capacitors filter out the DC charging voltage component, allowing only the AC voltage component at the port to pass through and be sampled by the differential amplifier.

[0051] The broadband impedance measurement unit further includes two synchronous analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and a signal processing logic. One ADC is used to digitally sample the voltage signal representing the total current from the current sensing circuit. The other ADC is used to synchronously digitally sample the voltage signal representing the port AC voltage from the voltage sensing circuit. The sampling clocks of both ADCs are provided by the same clock source to ensure synchronization of the sampling process.

[0052] The signal processing logic is executed by the central control unit. The central control unit receives discrete digital data streams from two analog-to-digital converters. For a specific detection frequency f... k In the measurement process, the central control unit performs a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm on both digital data streams. The FFT algorithm converts the time-domain sampled data into frequency-domain data.

[0053] The central control unit extracts and detects the frequency f from the results of the fast Fourier transform. k The corresponding complex value at the frequency point. The frequency domain complex value used to represent alternating current is denoted as H. I (f k The complex value in the frequency domain used to represent AC voltage is denoted as H. V (f k These two complex values ​​are the phasors of the measured alternating current. AC voltage phasor

[0054] Among them, f k H represents the frequency of the k-th AC detection signal; I (f k This indicates that after performing a Fast Fourier Transform on the sampled data of the current sensing circuit's output signal, the result at frequency f is obtained. k The complex value obtained at H; V (f k This indicates that after performing a Fast Fourier Transform on the sampled data of the voltage sensing circuit output signal, at a frequency f... k The complex value obtained at the location; This indicates that the frequency of the charging adapter output is f. k AC current phasors; This indicates the frequency f at the output port of the charging adapter. k AC voltage phasor.

[0055] The intelligent control module includes a power line carrier demodulation unit. The function of the power line carrier demodulation unit is to extract and decode the data signal transmitted by the intelligent management module of the electronic device via load modulation from the total output current of the charging adapter.

[0056] The signal input terminal of the power line carrier demodulation unit is connected to the output terminal of the current sensing circuit in the broadband impedance measurement unit, thereby receiving a voltage signal proportional to the total output current of the charging adapter. This voltage signal contains a DC charging component, an AC detection signal component injected by the multi-frequency AC signal injection unit, and a load modulation data signal component generated by the electronic equipment.

[0057] The power line carrier demodulation unit includes a bandpass filter. The center frequency of the bandpass filter is set to match the carrier frequency modulated by the load on the electronic device side. The function of the bandpass filter is to filter out DC components, AC probe signal components, and noise in other frequency bands from the received voltage signal, allowing only the load-modulated data signal to pass through.

[0058] The power line carrier demodulation unit further includes an envelope detector. The envelope detector is connected to the output of the bandpass filter. In one specific embodiment, the envelope detector consists of a diode in series and a resistor-capacitor network in parallel. The envelope detector processes the signal output from the bandpass filter and outputs a voltage waveform. The profile of this voltage waveform reproduces the amplitude variation of the load modulation signal.

[0059] The power line carrier demodulation unit further includes a voltage comparator. One input of the voltage comparator receives the output voltage waveform from the envelope detector, and the other input is connected to a preset reference voltage source. When the output voltage of the envelope detector is higher than the reference voltage, the voltage comparator outputs a high logic level (e.g., logic 1); when the output voltage of the envelope detector is lower than the reference voltage, the voltage comparator outputs a low logic level (e.g., logic 0).

[0060] The binary logic level signal stream output by the voltage comparator is transmitted to the central control unit of the intelligent control module. The central control unit receives the binary logic level signal stream and executes data frame synchronization, data decoding, and error checking algorithms to completely recover the original data sent by the electronic device, such as AC voltage phasor information acquired by the electronic device.

[0061] The central control unit within the intelligent control module is responsible for executing the main control and timing logic. The central control unit can be a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). By executing preset program instructions in its internal memory, the central control unit generates and sends a series of control signals with precise timing sequence to manage the coordinated operation of other units within the intelligent control module.

[0062] The execution of the main control and timing logic begins with the establishment of a physical connection between the charging adapter and the electronic device. The central control unit first instructs the Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit to send a capability query data frame. Subsequently, the central control unit enters a waiting state, monitoring the response signal from the Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit. Based on the received response data, the central control unit sets an internal status flag, determining the system's operating mode as either basic internal resistance test mode or advanced diagnostic mode.

[0063] In advanced diagnostic mode, the central control unit executes a cyclic, multi-step timing control process to complete a full multi-frequency impedance spectroscopy scan. For each detection frequency in the preset frequency sequence, the central control unit executes the following timing logic: The first step is for the central control unit to send a digital waveform command containing specific frequency parameters to the multi-frequency AC signal injection unit via the data bus to initiate the generation and injection of the AC detection signal of that specific frequency.

[0064] The second step involves the central control unit activating an internal stabilization delay timer after the command is sent. This stabilization delay is set to ensure that the injected AC probe signal reaches a steady state throughout the electrical path of the entire DP-DN line.

[0065] Third, after the stabilization delay timer finishes counting down, the central control unit synchronously sends a sampling start trigger signal to the two analog-to-digital converters in the broadband impedance measurement unit. This trigger signal ensures that the digital sampling of AC current and AC voltage begins at the same moment.

[0066] Fourth, the central control unit waits for the broadband impedance measurement unit's analog-to-digital converter to complete the preset number of sampling points and issue an interrupt signal indicating that the conversion is complete. Upon receiving the interrupt signal, the central control unit reads the sampled data from the analog-to-digital converter's data buffer.

[0067] Fifth, the central control unit enters a listening state, waiting for a signal from the power line carrier demodulation unit indicating that data reception is complete. Simultaneously, the central control unit starts a communication timeout timer. If a signal indicating complete data reception is not received before the timeout timer expires, the central control unit will record a communication failure event.

[0068] By repeatedly executing the above timing logic, the central control unit completes the measurement of all preset frequency points in sequence. The central control unit integrates the locally acquired data and the data received from the electronic equipment, and then transmits the integrated data to the diagnostic and matching engine for further processing.

[0069] The central control unit includes a fault feature library memory. This memory stores a set of reference data for fault diagnosis comparison. In one embodiment, the fault feature library memory is a non-volatile memory, such as flash memory or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), to ensure that the stored data is not lost after the charging adapter is powered off.

[0070] The reference data stored in the fault characteristic library is organized in a structured form, such as a lookup table. Each entry in the lookup table corresponds to a predefined operating state of the DP-DN line. Each entry contains a state identifier and a standard impedance spectrum vector associated with that state identifier.

[0071] A status identifier is a unique code used to distinguish different operating states, such as a healthy state, an overheated cable body, or a poor connector contact state.

[0072] The standard impedance spectrum vector is an ordered set of multiple values. Each value in the set represents the standard complex impedance magnitude of the DP-DN line at a specific probe frequency under the corresponding operating conditions. A complete standard impedance spectrum vector S lib,m It can be represented as: S lib,m =[|Z lib,m (f1)|,|Z lib,m (f2)|,…,|Z lib,m (f n )|]; Among them, S lib,m f represents the standard impedance spectrum vector corresponding to the state identifier m; m represents a specific state identifier; k Represents the k-th preset detection frequency, where k = 1, 2, ..., n; |Z lib,m (f k )| indicates that in the operating state defined by the state identifier m, at the detection frequency f k The standard complex impedance modulus value is obtained through pre-calibration or calculation.

[0073] For example, the fault feature library memory may contain the following standard impedance spectrum vector: a standard impedance spectrum vector corresponding to the healthy state, characterized by low complex impedance modulus values ​​at all detection frequency points.

[0074] A standard impedance spectrum vector corresponding to the overheated state of the cable body is characterized by an overall, approximately proportional increase in the complex impedance modulus at all detection frequency points compared to the healthy state, since the resistivity of the conductor material increases with increasing temperature.

[0075] A standard impedance spectrum vector corresponding to a connector with poor contact is characterized by an overall complex impedance magnitude higher than that in a healthy state, and due to the instability of the electrical characteristics of the contact point, the complex impedance magnitude exhibits a more dramatic nonlinear increase at higher frequency detection points.

[0076] The central control unit executes internal program instructions to implement a diagnostic and matching engine. The function of the diagnostic and matching engine is to compare a real-time calculated DP-DN line impedance spectrum with multiple standard impedance spectra stored in the fault feature library memory to determine the current operating status of the DP-DN line.

[0077] The diagnostic and matching engine receives a real-time impedance spectrum vector as input. After the central control unit completes a full multi-frequency impedance spectrum scan, it combines the complex impedance magnitudes calculated at all detected frequencies into a single real-time impedance spectrum vector S. meas : Among them, S meas f represents the impedance spectrum vector measured in real time; k Let k represent the k-th detection frequency point, where k = 1, 2, ..., n; This indicates that the DP-DN line is at the detection frequency f k The complex impedance modulus is calculated in real time.

[0078] Upon receiving the real-time impedance spectrum vector, the diagnostic and matching engine reads each pre-stored standard impedance spectrum vector S from the fault feature library memory one by one. lib,m .

[0079] For each standard impedance spectrum vector S read lib,m The diagnostic and matching engine calculates the real-time impedance spectrum vector S. meas With standard impedance spectral vector S lib,m Euclidean distance between Euclidean distance d m The calculation formula is as follows: Where, d m This represents the Euclidean distance between the real-time impedance spectrum vector and the standard impedance spectrum vector with state identifier m. This represents the real-time impedance spectrum vector at frequency f. k Component values ​​at; |Z lib,m (f k | represents the standard impedance spectrum vector with state identifier m at frequency f. k The component value at the specified location; n represents the total number of frequency points contained in the impedance spectrum vector.

[0080] After calculating the Euclidean distance to all standard impedance spectrum vectors in the fault feature library memory, the diagnostic and matching engine applies all calculated distance values ​​[d1, d2, ..., d...]. m The states m corresponding to the minimum Euclidean distance are compared and a minimum Euclidean distance is determined. * This was determined to be the match result for this diagnosis.

[0081] The output of the diagnostic and matching engine is a definite status identifier m. * The state identifier m *It is then transmitted to the adaptive charging strategy controller in the central control unit as the basis for decision-making on adjusting charging parameters.

[0082] The central control unit executes internal program instructions to function as an adaptive charging strategy controller. The adaptive charging strategy controller receives status identifiers from the diagnostic and matching engine and generates and executes specific charging control instructions based on these identifiers.

[0083] The adaptive charging strategy controller contains a preset strategy lookup table. This table is built into the central control unit's memory, and each entry associates a status identifier with a corresponding charging control instruction set. A charging control instruction set defines a specific set of charging parameters, such as the maximum allowable charging current, the maximum allowable charging voltage, or an operation code to interrupt charging.

[0084] The adaptive charging strategy controller works as follows: After receiving the status identifier determined by the diagnostic and matching engine, the adaptive charging strategy controller retrieves the entry that matches the status identifier in the strategy lookup table and reads the corresponding charging control instruction set.

[0085] Subsequently, the adaptive charging strategy controller sends the parameters from the charging control instruction set to the power management integrated circuit in the charging adapter, which is responsible for managing power output, via an internal digital communication bus (e.g., an Inter-Integrated Circuit bus or a Serial Peripheral Interface bus). Specifically, this transmission process involves writing the corresponding values ​​to the specific function control register of the power management integrated circuit.

[0086] For example, if the received status identifier corresponds to a healthy state, the adaptive charging strategy controller reads the instruction set containing the maximum rated charging current value from the strategy lookup table and instructs the power management integrated circuit to set the output current to that maximum rated value.

[0087] If the received status identifier corresponds to the overheating state of the cable body, the adaptive charging strategy controller reads a set of instructions containing a dated charging current value lower than the maximum rated value, and instructs the power management integrated circuit to limit the upper limit of the output current to this dated value in order to reduce the heat generation power of the cable.

[0088] If the received status new-status-identifier corresponds to a connector contact failure, the adaptive charging strategy controller reads a set of instructions containing a zero charging current value and instructs the power management integrated circuit to immediately stop power output. Additionally, this set of instructions may include a command to drive an external indicator light on the charging adapter, causing the indicator light to issue an alarm in a preset fault mode (e.g., flashing red).

[0089] like Figure 3 As shown, the intelligent management module of the electronic device includes a Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit. The second Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit is used to receive instruction data frames from the intelligent control module of the charging adapter via the Data Plus and Data Minus cores of the DP-DN line, and to send response data frames to the intelligent control module of the charging adapter.

[0090] The hardware of the second Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit includes a physical layer transceiver. The receiver of the physical layer transceiver is connected to the logic input port of the device control unit of the intelligent management module, and the transmitter is connected to the logic output port of the device control unit. The physical layer transceiver is directly electrically connected to the Data Plus and Data Minus physical pins at the power receiving port of the electronic device. The function of the physical layer transceiver is to convert the electrical signals received from the Data Plus and Data Minus conductors into binary logic level signals and transmit them to the device control unit; simultaneously, it converts the binary logic level signals from the device control unit into signals conforming to the electrical characteristics of the line for transmission.

[0091] The function of the second Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit is implemented by the device control unit executing a preset communication protocol program. In standby mode, the second Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit continuously listens to the Data Plus and Data Minus wires to receive communication requests from the charging adapter.

[0092] When a data frame is received, the device control unit first performs a cyclic redundancy check on the received data frame to verify the integrity of the data during transmission.

[0093] For data frames that pass verification, the device control unit parses the command code within the data frame. When the command code is identified as a capability query request, the device control unit constructs a response data frame based on the electronic device's own functional configuration. The response data frame structure includes a start sequence, a response command code, a data payload segment, and a new cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code. The data payload segment contains a bit used to identify the advanced diagnostics mode support status. If the electronic device supports advanced diagnostics mode, the device control unit sets this bit to logic 1; otherwise, it sets it to logic 0.

[0094] After the response data frame is constructed, the device control unit converts the response data frame into the corresponding electrical signal through the physical layer transceiver, and sends it to the charging adapter via the Data Plus and Data Minus wires.

[0095] The intelligent management module of the electronic device includes an AC signal sensing unit. The function of this AC signal sensing unit, in advanced diagnostic mode, is to accurately measure the AC probe signal superimposed on the DC charging energy arriving at the electronic device's power receiving port, in order to obtain phasor information of the AC voltage.

[0096] The hardware circuit of the AC signal sensing unit consists of a high-input-impedance differential amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter. The two input terminals of the differential amplifier are connected to the Voltage Bus physical pin and Ground physical pin of the electronic device's power receiving port via independent DC blocking capacitors. The function of the DC blocking capacitors is to filter out high-amplitude DC charging voltages, allowing only low-amplitude AC voltage signals to pass through. The high input impedance ensures that the measurement operation of the AC signal sensing unit does not affect the electrical characteristics of the DP-DN line.

[0097] The differential amplifier amplifies the AC voltage signal passing through the DC blocking capacitor and outputs the amplified analog voltage signal to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The ADC converts the received continuous analog voltage signal into a discrete digital data stream and transmits it to the device control unit of the intelligent management module.

[0098] The device control unit receives a digital data stream from the analog-to-digital converter and performs a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm on the digital data stream. By performing the FFT algorithm, the device control unit converts the sampled data in the time domain into data in the frequency domain.

[0099] The equipment control unit extracts the value related to the current detection frequency f from the calculation results of the Fast Fourier Transform. k The corresponding complex value at the frequency point. This complex value is the value measured at the electronic device at frequency f. k AC voltage phasor

[0100] Among them, f k H represents the frequency of the k-th AC detection signal; V,dev (f k This indicates that after performing a Fast Fourier Transform on the sampled data of the AC signal sensor unit's output signal, at frequency f... k The complex value obtained at the location; This indicates the frequency f at the power receiving port of the electronic device. k AC voltage phasor.

[0101] The intelligent management module of the electronic device includes a load modulation unit. The function of the load modulation unit is to encode the AC voltage phasor information measured by the AC signal sensing unit and calculated by the device control unit into a data signal, and send the data signal back to the charging adapter by applying a small, controlled perturbation to the total charging current of the electronic device.

[0102] In one specific embodiment, the hardware circuit of the load modulation unit consists of a controlled switching element, a load resistor, and a switch driving circuit. The controlled switching element can be a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). The load resistor and the controlled switching element are connected in series, and this series circuit is then connected in parallel between the VoltageBus physical pin and the Ground physical pin of the electronic device's power receiving port. The input of the switch driving circuit is connected to the logic output port of the device control unit, and the output of the switch driving circuit is connected to the control gate of the controlled switching element.

[0103] The working process of the load modulation unit is as follows: First, the equipment control unit transmits the AC voltage phasor to be sent. The complex value is decomposed into a real part and an imaginary part, and these two floating-point values ​​are converted into a binary bit stream. Subsequently, the device control unit adds a frame header, a frame trailer, and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code to this binary bit stream to construct a complete data frame.

[0104] When transmitting data frames, the device control unit employs amplitude-shift keying (APK) modulation. The control unit generates a square wave signal at a preset carrier frequency. When a bit in the data frame is logic 1, the control unit allows the square wave signal at that carrier frequency to act on the control gate of the controlled switching element through the switch driver circuit, thereby enabling the controlled switching element to turn on and off at high speed at the carrier frequency. When the controlled switching element is on, a load resistor is connected to the circuit, drawing an additional instantaneous current from the charging adapter. When a bit in the data frame is logic 0, the control unit blocks the carrier signal, keeping the controlled switching element off and preventing additional current consumption.

[0105] Through the above process, a modulated current signal corresponding to the original data frame is superimposed on the DC charging current. The amplitude variation of this modulated current signal carries the information of the AC voltage phasor and is transmitted along the power line core to the charging adapter, where it is received and decoded by the power line carrier demodulation unit of the charging adapter.

[0106] The intelligent management module of an electronic device includes a device control unit. The device control unit is the central processing core of the intelligent management module, typically implemented by a microcontroller or a dedicated digital signal processor. The device control unit is responsible for coordinating the collaborative work of all other units within the intelligent management module, executing communication protocols, processing measurement data, and controlling the proactive reporting of data.

[0107] The main control logic functions of the equipment control unit are reflected in the following aspects: First, regarding communication management, the device control unit executes a preset communication protocol stack. When the second Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit receives a capability query data frame from the charging adapter, the device control unit parses the command code of the data frame. Based on the parsing result, the device control unit accesses its internal configuration register to confirm whether it supports advanced diagnostic mode, and accordingly constructs a response data frame containing the corresponding support status flag. Subsequently, the device control unit delivers this response data frame to the first Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit for transmission.

[0108] Secondly, regarding measurement and data processing, once the system enters advanced diagnostic mode, the device control unit enters a cyclical measurement and processing flow. The device control unit continuously reads a data block from the analog-to-digital converter of the AC signal sensing unit. This data block represents the voltage time-domain waveform acquired at the power receiving port of the electronic device. The device control unit applies a Fast Fourier Transform algorithm to this data block, converting the time-domain data to the frequency domain.

[0109] The device control unit identifies the specific frequency point of the AC probe signal injected by the charging adapter from the frequency domain data and extracts the complex value at that frequency point. This complex value is the AC voltage phasor measured at the electronic device. The device control unit temporarily stores this phasor data in its internal random access memory, awaiting transmission.

[0110] Secondly, regarding data reporting control, the device control unit is responsible for sending the temporarily stored AC voltage phasor information back to the charging adapter via the load modulation unit. The device control unit first serializes the complex phasor data into a binary bit stream and adds a frame synchronization header and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code to this bit stream to form a complete data transmission frame. Subsequently, based on the bit sequence (0 or 1) of this data transmission frame, the device control unit generates a precise pulse width modulation (PWM) signal at a preset carrier frequency. This PWM signal is sent to the switching drive circuit of the load modulation unit, thereby precisely controlling the on / off timing of the load resistor to achieve the purpose of modulating the data onto the total charging current.

[0111] By performing the above functions, the device control unit ensures that the electronic device can correctly respond to the diagnostic requests of the charging adapter, accurately complete local signal measurement and data processing, and reliably feed the measurement results back to the charging adapter, thus forming a key link in the entire closed-loop diagnostic system.

[0112] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides a diagnostic method for DP-DN lines, which achieves accurate measurement and status diagnosis of the electrical characteristics of DP-DN lines through the collaborative work between the charging adapter and the electronic device.

[0113] The first step is to establish communication and negotiation diagnostic mode. After the charging adapter and electronic device are physically connected via a DP-DN line, the intelligent control module within the charging adapter sends a capability query data frame to the intelligent management module of the electronic device through the first Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit. Upon receiving this data frame, the intelligent management module of the electronic device parses it and, based on whether it is equipped with the functional modules required for advanced diagnostics (such as AC signal sensing units and load modulation units), constructs a response data frame. This response data frame contains a specific status bit used to indicate to the charging adapter whether the electronic device supports advanced diagnostic mode. The intelligent control module of the charging adapter receives and parses this response data frame. If the status bit is positive, it enters advanced diagnostic mode; otherwise, it executes the standard charging procedure.

[0114] The second step involves performing simultaneous multi-frequency impedance spectrum measurements. In advanced diagnostic mode, the charging adapter's central control unit initiates a preset frequency sweep sequence. For each probe frequency f in the sequence...k Perform the following collaborative operations: The central control unit of the charging adapter instructs the multi-frequency AC signal injection unit to superimpose a frequency f onto the VoltageBus power line core. k AC detection current.

[0115] After a brief stabilization delay, the broadband impedance measurement unit of the charging adapter synchronously acquires the AC voltage phasor at the output port of the charging adapter. and total alternating current phasor

[0116] At the same time, the AC signal sensing unit of the electronic device synchronously collects the AC voltage at the power receiving port of the electronic device, and the device control unit calculates the AC voltage phasor of that port.

[0117] The device control unit of the electronic equipment uses a load modulation unit to convert the calculated AC voltage phasor The data is encoded and transmitted back to the charging adapter via power line carrier.

[0118] The power line carrier demodulation unit of the charging adapter receives and decodes the AC voltage phasor. It is recovered and transmitted to the central control unit.

[0119] The third step is to calculate the complex impedance of the DP-DN line. For each probe frequency f k The central control unit of the charging adapter gathers the two locally measured phasors ( and and remote phasors received from electronic devices Then, the complex impedance is calculated.

[0120] First, the value at frequency f is calculated using vector subtraction. k Below, the voltage drop vector generated by the AC signal flowing through the entire DP-DN line. Subsequently, according to Ohm's law for alternating current, dividing the voltage drop vector by the total alternating current phasor yields the voltage drop vector at frequency f of the DP-DN line. k Complex impedance under in, AC voltage phasor measured at the output port of the charging adapter; The total AC current phasor output by the charging adapter; AC voltage phasor measured at the power receiving port of an electronic device; The AC voltage drop phasor across the DP-DN line. Complex impedance of charging cables.

[0121] The central control unit repeats steps two and three until all preset frequency points are measured and calculated, thereby obtaining a real-time impedance spectrum composed of multiple complex impedance values ​​that can comprehensively reflect the electrical characteristics of the DP-DN line.

[0122] The fourth step involves fault diagnosis and strategy adjustment. The diagnostic and matching engine within the charging adapter's central control unit compares the real-time calculated impedance spectrum with multiple pre-stored standard impedance spectra in the fault feature database. Using algorithms such as Euclidean distance calculation, it finds the standard impedance spectrum that best matches the real-time impedance spectrum and determines its corresponding status identifier. Finally, the adaptive charging strategy controller, based on the status identifier output by the diagnostic and matching engine, retrieves the corresponding charging control instruction set from a preset strategy lookup table and adjusts the output parameters of the power management integrated circuit accordingly. For example, it reduces the charging current when cable overheating is detected, or interrupts charging when poor connector contact is detected, thereby achieving intelligent, refined, and safe management of the charging process.

Claims

1. A DP-DN wire for checking the internal resistance of wires, characterized in that, include The intelligent control module is located inside the charging adapter; The intelligent management module is located inside the electronic device; The intelligent control module and the intelligent management module communicate and negotiate via data wires to determine a working mode, which includes a basic internal resistance test mode and an advanced diagnostic mode.

2. The DP-DN wire for checking the internal resistance of a wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the basic internal resistance test mode, the intelligent management module sends a wire internal resistance test command to the intelligent control module, and the wire internal resistance test command carries a preset DC test current value. The intelligent control module outputs current according to the preset DC test current value, and collects the DC voltage value of a charging adapter power output port and sends it to the intelligent management module; The intelligent management module collects the DC voltage value of the power receiving port of an electronic device, and calculates the average DC resistance of a single power conductor based on the DC voltage value of the power output port of the charging adapter, the DC voltage value of the power receiving port of the electronic device, and the preset DC test current value.

3. A DP-DN wire for checking the internal resistance of a wire according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the advanced diagnostic mode, the intelligent control module includes: The first Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit is used to send a capability query data frame to the intelligent management module and receive a response data frame containing the advanced diagnostic mode support status. A multi-frequency AC signal injection unit is used to superimpose an AC detection signal onto the power line core; A broadband impedance measurement unit is used to synchronously acquire the AC voltage phasor and total AC current phasor at the output port of the charging adapter; The power line carrier demodulation unit is used to extract and decode the data signal sent by the intelligent management module through load modulation. Central control unit.

4. A DP-DN wire for checking the internal resistance of a wire according to claim 3, characterized in that, The central control unit is used for: The complex impedance of the DP-DN line is calculated based on the AC voltage phasor and the total AC current phasor collected by the broadband impedance measurement unit and the AC voltage phasor of the power receiving port of the electronic device decoded by the power line carrier demodulation unit.

5. A DP-DN wire for checking the internal resistance of a wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, The central control unit also includes: A fault feature library memory, which is used to store multiple standard impedance spectrum vectors; A diagnostic and matching engine is used to compare the real-time impedance spectrum formed based on the complex impedance with the standard impedance spectrum vector to determine a status identifier; An adaptive charging strategy controller is used to retrieve the corresponding charging control instruction set in a strategy lookup table based on the status identifier, and adjust the output parameters of the power management integrated circuit accordingly.

6. A DP-DN wire for checking the internal resistance of a wire according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multi-frequency AC signal injection unit includes: A digital-to-analog converter is used to convert digital waveform commands into analog voltage signals. A voltage-controlled current source is used to generate an alternating current signal based on the analog voltage signal; A DC blocking coupling capacitor is used to inject the AC current signal into the power conductor.

7. A DP-DN wire for checking the internal resistance of a wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent management module includes: The second Data Plus-Data Minus communication unit is used to receive capability query data frames and send response data frames. An AC signal sensing unit is used to acquire the AC voltage at the power receiving port of the electronic device in the advanced diagnostic mode and calculate an AC voltage phasor.

8. A DP-DN wire for checking the internal resistance of a wire according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intelligent management module also includes: The load modulation unit is used to encode the AC voltage phasor calculated by the AC signal sensing unit and send the AC voltage phasor back to the intelligent control module by applying a controlled perturbation to the total charging current of the electronic device.

9. A DP-DN wire for checking the internal resistance of a wire according to claim 8, characterized in that, The load modulation unit includes: Controlled switching elements; A load resistor, wherein the load resistor is connected in series with the controlled switching element; A switch driving circuit is used to control the on and off states of the controlled switch element.

10. A DP-DN wire for checking the internal resistance of a wire according to claim 8, characterized in that, The AC signal sensing unit includes: A differential amplifier, the input of which is connected to a physical pin of the power receiving port of an electronic device via a DC blocking capacitor; An analog-to-digital converter is used to digitize the analog voltage signal output by the differential amplifier.

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