Wireless node transmitting power adaptive adjustment method, medium and terminal

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of wireless communication, and relates to a wireless node transmitting power self-adaptive adjustment method, a medium and a terminal, which can avoid misjudgment of a single index and adapt to a complex dynamic environment according to RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) signal strength (active pre-judgment of spacing) and communication success rate (passive verification of quality); the exponential smoothing method adopted by the invention can filter instantaneous interference fluctuation, reduce the number of times of invalid power adjustment, reduce energy consumption and improve stability; coordination of a central node is not needed, each node independently completes parameter calculation and power adjustment, and response delay is small; through upper and lower limit threshold values and adjustment step length control, communication interruption (lower limit protection) and channel interference (upper limit protection) caused by extreme power are avoided. According to the invention, the problems of high energy consumption and low reliability in wireless node power control in the prior art are solved, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced while the communication reliability is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wireless communication technology, and particularly relates to a method, medium and terminal for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication systems, the control of node transmit power directly affects energy consumption, communication reliability, and channel interference. In existing technologies, most wireless nodes use fixed transmit power for communication: when the node spacing is small, excessive power leads to energy waste and channel congestion; when the node spacing increases or environmental interference intensifies, fixed low power easily causes communication interruptions. While some improved solutions introduce RSSI signal strength as an adjustment basis, they have significant drawbacks: firstly, they rely solely on the RSSI indicator, failing to consider erroneous adjustments caused by instantaneous signal fluctuations; secondly, they lack dynamic monitoring of communication success rate, making it unable to address communication quality degradation in complex environments; and thirdly, some solutions employ centralized control, requiring coordination from a central node, resulting in slow response times and dependence on network topology stability. Furthermore, existing solutions involving communication success rate often use simple average statistics, failing to filter out instantaneous interference, leading to frequent power adjustments and further increasing energy consumption.

[0003] Patent application CN101354435A discloses a sensor network node self-localization method based on the distance order relationship, belonging to the field of wireless sensor network self-localization technology. Its features include the following steps: node deployment, route establishment and data transmission, network connection information extraction, node relative coordinate positioning, absolute coordinate transformation, and computer output. During node relative coordinate positioning, an initial estimated topology for node positions is obtained using the distance order relationship in the shortest path distance. Based on this, an optimized node distance matrix and a log-likelihood function of the inverse Euclidean distance used as the initial estimated topology are established. Then, an adjacent module comparison method is used to iteratively optimize the distance matrix and the Euclidean distance. However, this patent application uses a fixed transmission power for communication between nodes, resulting in high energy consumption and unstable communication, exhibiting the same drawbacks as existing technologies.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node power that ensures communication reliability while consuming little energy is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those in this technical field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmission power, thereby solving the problems of high energy consumption and low reliability in wireless node power control in existing technologies. In addition, this invention also provides a medium and terminal for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmission power.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for adaptive adjustment of the transmit power of a wireless node, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S10. Retrieve factory default parameters and establish communication connections with surrounding nodes using the default transmit power Pwr_{default};

[0009] S20. Configure core adjustment parameters, including RSSI threshold Thr_{RSSI}, communication success rate threshold Thr_{succ}, exponential smoothing coefficient a, power adjustment step size P_step, power upper limit Pwr_{max} and power lower limit Pwr_{min}, number of continuous detections k, and stable monitoring duration t_1 and t_2.

[0010] S30. During communication, the node collects the RSSI values ​​of neighboring nodes in real time through the wireless module. If the RSSI values ​​sampled for k consecutive times are all greater than the RSSI threshold Thr_{RSSI}, the current transmit power Pwr_{current} is reduced by P_step, and the adjusted new power Pwr_{new} is not less than Pwr_{min}, maintaining stable communication for t_1 time.

[0011] S40. Nodes record communication status through data frame interaction and calculate the communication success rate S(t) = a*x(t) + (1-a) * S(t-1) in real time using the exponential smoothing method, where x(t) is the communication success status at time t, and S(t-1) is the smoothed success rate at the previous time. If the calculated S(t) is less than Thr{succ} and the status lasts for t_2 hours, the current transmit power Pwr_{current} is increased by P_step, and it is ensured that the adjusted power does not exceed Pwr{max}.

[0012] S50, the node periodically repeats steps S20 to S30 to achieve adaptive adjustment of the transmission power.

[0013] Furthermore, in S10, the transmit power Pwr_{default} ranges from 4 to 16 dBm.

[0014] Further, in S20, the value range of the RSSI threshold ThrRSSI is -80 to -60 dBm, the value range of the communication success rate threshold Thrsucc is 80% to 95%, the value range of the exponential smoothing coefficient a is 0.2 to 0.5, the value range of the power adjustment step P_step is 1 to 3 dBm, the power upper limit Pwrmax ≤ 16 dBm, the power lower limit Pwrmin ≥ 4 dBm, the range of the number of consecutive detections k is 3 to 5 times, the stable monitoring duration t_1 is 5 s, and the stable monitoring duration t_2 is 10 s.

[0015] Further, in S30, the sampling frequency is 1 Hz.

[0016] Further, the adjusted new power Pwrnew = Pwrcurrent - P_step. If Pwrnew < Pwrmin, then Pcurrent remains unchanged.

[0017] Further, in S40, the initial value of the communication success rate is set to 100%.

[0018] Further, the adjusted new power Pwrnew = Pwrcurrent + P_step. If Pnew > Pmax, then Pcurrent = Pmax.

[0019] Further, in S50, if the communication success rate is still lower than Thrsucc after three consecutive power increases, a fault alarm is triggered, and Pmax communication is maintained to keep the basic connection.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above method is implemented.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic terminal, including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory so that the terminal executes the above method.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the wireless node transmit power adaptive adjustment method, medium and terminal provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] Existing technologies for wireless node power control suffer from high energy consumption and low reliability. This invention addresses these issues by using RSSI signal strength (actively predictive spacing) and communication success rate (passively verified quality) to avoid misjudgments based on a single indicator, adapting to complex dynamic environments. The exponential smoothing method employed in this invention filters out instantaneous interference fluctuations, reduces the number of invalid power adjustments, lowers energy consumption, and improves stability. Furthermore, this invention eliminates the need for central node coordination; each node independently completes parameter calculations and power adjustments, resulting in minimal response latency. By controlling upper and lower thresholds and adjustment step sizes, this invention avoids communication interruptions (lower limit protection) and channel interference (upper limit protection) caused by extreme power levels. This invention solves the problems of high energy consumption and low reliability in existing wireless node power control technologies, significantly reducing energy consumption while ensuring communication reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the solutions of the present invention, a brief introduction will be given to the drawings used in the description of the embodiments below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 The present invention provides a flowchart of RSSI monitoring and power reduction in a method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0029] This invention provides a method for adaptively adjusting the transmit power of wireless nodes, applicable to the process of adjusting the transmit power of nodes in wireless sensor networks, the Internet of Things (IoT), and distributed wireless communication systems. The method includes the following steps:

[0030] S10. Retrieve factory preset parameters and establish communication connections with surrounding nodes using the default transmit power Pwr_{default}; S20. Configure core adjustment parameters, including RSSI threshold Thr_{RSSI}, communication success rate threshold Thr_{succ}, exponential smoothing coefficient a, power adjustment step size P_step, upper power limit Pwr_{max} and lower power limit Pwr_{min}, number of consecutive detections k, and stable monitoring durations t_1 and t_2; S30. During communication, the node collects the RSSI values ​​of neighboring nodes in real time through the wireless module. If the RSSI values ​​sampled for k consecutive times are all greater than the RSSI threshold Thr_{RSSI}, the current transmit power Pwr_{current} is reduced by P_step, and the adjusted new power Pwr_{new} is not less than Pwr_{min}, maintaining stable communication for duration t_1; S40. The node records the communication status through data frame interaction and calculates the communication success rate S(t) = a* x(t) + (1-a) * in real time using the exponential smoothing method. S(t-1), where x(t) is the communication success state at time t, and S(t-1) is the smoothed success rate at the previous time. If the calculated S(t) is less than Thr{succ} and the state lasts for t_2 hours, then the current transmit power Pwr_{current} is increased by P_step, and it is ensured that the adjusted power does not exceed Pwr{max}. S50, the node periodically repeats steps S20 to S30 to achieve adaptive adjustment of transmit power.

[0031] This invention solves the problems of high energy consumption and low reliability in the power control of wireless nodes in the prior art, and greatly reduces energy consumption while ensuring communication reliability.

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] This invention provides a method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power, applied to the process of adjusting the transmit power of nodes in wireless sensor networks, the Internet of Things (IoT), and distributed wireless communication systems, combined with... Figures 1 to 2 In this embodiment, the adaptive adjustment method for the wireless node's transmit power includes the following steps:

[0034] S10. Retrieve factory default parameters and establish communication connections with surrounding nodes using the default transmit power Pwr_{default}.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment, the transmit power Pwr_{default} ranges from 4 to 16 dBm, preferably 10 dBm.

[0036] S20. Configure the core adjustment parameters, including the RSSI threshold ThrRSSI, the communication success rate threshold Thrsucc, the exponential smoothing coefficient a, the power adjustment step P_step, the power upper limit Pwrmax and the power lower limit Pwrmin, the continuous detection times k, and the stable monitoring durations t_1 and t_2.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the RSSI threshold ThrRSSI ranges from -80 to -60 dBm, preferably -65 dBm, for triggering power reduction; the communication success rate threshold Thrsucc ranges from 80% to 95%, preferably 90%, for triggering power increase; the exponential smoothing coefficient a ranges from 0.2 to 0.5, preferably 0.3, for smoothing the success rate fluctuations; the power adjustment step P_step ranges from 1 to 3 dBm, preferably 2 dBm, to ensure that the adjustment range adapts to the channel changes; the power upper limit Pwrmax ≤ 16 dBm and the power lower limit Pwrmin ≥ 4 dBm, to avoid communication interruption or energy consumption waste caused by extreme powers; the continuous detection times k ranges from 3 to 5 times, preferably 3 times, to prevent mis-triggering due to instantaneous RSSI fluctuations; the stable monitoring durations t_1 = 5 s (the stable time after power reduction) and t_2 = 10 s (the continuous monitoring time when the success rate is low).

[0038] S30. During the communication process of the node, the RSSI value of the neighbor node is collected in real time through the wireless module. If the RSSI values of k consecutive samplings are all greater than the RSSI threshold ThrRSSI, it is determined that the current node spacing is relatively close, and there is no need to maintain high-power communication. Trigger the power reduction process, reduce the current transmission power Pwrcurrent by P_step to obtain the new power Pwrnew = Pwrcurrent - P_step; if Pwrnew > Pwrmin, then perform power update and maintain it for the duration of t_1, and suspend the adjustment during this period to stabilize the communication; if Pwrnew < Pwrmin, then keep Pcurrent unchanged to avoid communication interruption caused by too low power.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the sampling frequency is 1 Hz.

[0040] S40. The node interacts through data frames to record the communication status (a successful reception and return of an ACK frame is recorded as 1, timeout / lost packet is recorded as 0), and the exponential smoothing method is used to calculate the communication success rate in real time: S(t)=a*x(t)+(1-a)*S(t-1), where x(t) is the communication success status at time t (1 = success, 0 = failure), and S(t-1) is the smoothed success rate at the previous time (the initial value is set to 100%). Through weight allocation, this formula not only retains the real-time nature of the current communication status but also filters out fluctuations caused by instantaneous interference (such as a single lost packet caused by sudden electromagnetic interference). If the calculated S(t) is less than Thr{succ} and this state persists for a duration of t_2, it is determined that the communication quality has deteriorated (such as an increase in node spacing or an enhancement of environmental interference), triggering the power increase process. The current transmission power Pwr_{current} is increased by P_step to obtain the new power Pwr_{new}=Pwr_{current}+P_step; if Pwr_{new}<Pwr_{max}, the power update is executed; if P_{new}>P_{max}, then P_{current}=P_{max} is maintained to avoid excessive power causing channel interference.

[0041] S50. The node periodically repeats steps S20 to S30 to achieve adaptive adjustment of the transmission power.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, after each power adjustment (increase / decrease) by the node, it re-enters the "RSSI monitoring - success rate statistics" loop, that is, steps S20 - S30, with a period of the maximum value of t_1 and t_2 (10 s).

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, there is an exception handling mechanism: if the communication success rate is still lower than Thr_{succ} after three consecutive power increases, a fault alarm is triggered (such as node displacement, hardware failure), and communication is maintained at P_{max} to maintain the basic connection.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] Taking a wireless sensor network as an example, the node distribution density is 50 m apart, and there is electromagnetic interference in the environment. The wireless node transmission power adaptive adjustment method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied to achieve adaptive power adjustment.

[0046] Parameter configuration: Pwr_{default}=10 dBm, Thr_{RSSI}=-65 dBm, Thr_{succ}=90%, a=0.3, P_step=2 dBm, Pwr_{max}=16 dBm, Pwr_{min}=4 dBm, k=3, t_1=5 s, t_2=10 s.

[0047] Implementation process:

[0048] Scenario 1: Power reduction when nodes are close together

[0049] Step 1: Node A and Node B initially communicate with a power of 10dBm. Node A collects the RSSI values ​​of Node B three times in a row, which are -58dBm, -56dBm, and -59dBm (all > -65dBm).

[0050] Step 2: Trigger power reduction: Pwr_{new}=10-2=8dBm, and 8dBm≥4dBm (lower limit), then perform power update;

[0051] The third step is to maintain 8dBm power communication for 5 seconds and then re-monitor RSSI. At this time, RSSI is stable at -62dBm (still > -65dBm). Maintaining 8dBm power reduces energy consumption by about 25% compared to the initial state.

[0052] Scenario 2: Power Upgrade When Environmental Interference Increases

[0053] Step 1: Packet loss occurs in the communication between node A and node B: within 10 consecutive seconds, the communication success status is [1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,1];

[0054] Step 2: Calculate the real-time success rate.

[0055] Initial S(0) = 100%

[0056] S(1)=0.3Ã1+0.7Ã100\%=100\%;

[0057] ... (calculate sequentially);

[0058] At the 10th second, S(10) = 82% < 90%, and this lasts for 10 seconds.

[0059] Step 3: Trigger power increase: Pwr_{new}=8+2=10dBm, until the communication success rate returns to the expected template, then stop power increase.

[0060] Scenario 3: Power protection under extreme spacing conditions

[0061] Step 1: Node B is moved 100m away. The RSSI value collected by Node A drops to -78dBm (< -65dBm), and the communication success rate continues to decrease to 75%.

[0062] Step 2, increase the trigger power: sequentially from 8dBm→10dBm→12dBm→14dBm, at which point S(t)=89% (still <90%), continue to increase it to 16dBm (Pwr_{max}).

[0063] Third, after maintaining the power at 16dBm, stop increasing it; if the success rate remains low due to continued displacement, trigger a fault alarm to indicate abnormal node displacement.

[0064] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the methods in this embodiment.

[0065] This invention also provides an electronic terminal, including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the terminal performs any of the methods in this embodiment.

[0066] As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the computer-readable storage medium described in this embodiment allows for the implementation of all or part of the steps in the above method embodiments by computer program-related hardware. The aforementioned computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0067] The electronic terminal provided in this embodiment includes a processor, a memory, a transceiver, and a communication interface. The memory and the communication interface are connected to the processor and the transceiver and complete communication between them. The memory is used to store computer programs, the communication interface is used to perform communication, and the processor and the transceiver are used to run the computer programs, so that the electronic terminal performs the steps of the above method.

[0068] The wireless node transmit power adaptive adjustment method, medium, and terminal described in the above embodiments address the issues of high energy consumption and low reliability in existing wireless node power control technologies compared to the prior art. This invention addresses these problems by using RSSI signal strength (active prediction interval) and communication success rate (passive verification quality) to avoid misjudgment based on a single indicator and adapt to complex dynamic environments. The exponential smoothing method employed in this invention filters out instantaneous interference fluctuations, reduces the number of invalid power adjustments, lowers energy consumption, and improves stability. Furthermore, this invention eliminates the need for central node coordination; each node independently completes parameter calculation and power adjustment, resulting in minimal response delay. By controlling upper and lower threshold values ​​and adjustment step sizes, this invention avoids communication interruptions (lower limit protection) and channel interference (upper limit protection) caused by extreme power levels. This invention solves the problems of high energy consumption and low reliability in existing wireless node power control technologies, significantly reducing energy consumption while ensuring communication reliability.

[0069] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit the scope of the patent. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms; rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made using the content of this specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the scope of patent protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10. Retrieve factory default parameters and establish communication connections with surrounding nodes using the default transmit power Pwr_{default}; S20. Configure core adjustment parameters, including RSSI threshold Thr_{RSSI}, communication success rate threshold Thr_{succ}, exponential smoothing coefficient a, power adjustment step size P_step, power upper limit Pwr_{max} and power lower limit Pwr_{min}, number of continuous detections k, and stable monitoring duration t_1 and t_2. S30. During communication, the node collects the RSSI values ​​of neighboring nodes in real time through the wireless module. If the RSSI values ​​sampled for k consecutive times are all greater than the RSSI threshold Thr_{RSSI}, the current transmit power Pwr_{current} is reduced by P_step, and the adjusted new power Pwr_{new} is not less than Pwr_{min}, maintaining stable communication for t_1 time. S40. Nodes record communication status through data frame interaction and calculate the communication success rate S(t) = a* x(t) + (1-a) * S(t-1) in real time using the exponential smoothing method, where x(t) is the communication success status at time t, and S(t-1) is the smoothed success rate at the previous time. If the calculated S(t) is less than Thr{succ} and the status lasts for t_2 hours, the current transmit power Pwr_{current} is increased by P_step, and it is ensured that the adjusted power does not exceed Pwr{max}. S50, the node periodically repeats steps S20 to S30 to achieve adaptive adjustment of the transmission power.

2. The method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S10, the transmit power Pwr_{default} ranges from 4 to 16 dBm.

3. The method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S20, the RSSI threshold Thr_{RSSI} ranges from -80 to -60 dBm, the communication success rate threshold Thr_{succ} ranges from 80% to 95%, the exponential smoothing coefficient a ranges from 0.2 to 0.5, the power adjustment step size P_step ranges from 1 to 3 dBm, the upper power limit Pwr_{max} ≤ 16 dBm, the lower power limit Pwr_{min} ≥ 4 dBm, the number of consecutive detections k ranges from 3 to 5 times, the stable monitoring duration t_1 is 5 s, and the stable monitoring duration t_2 is 10 s.

4. The method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S30, the sampling frequency is 1Hz.

5. The method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjusted new power Pwr_{new} = Pwr_{current} - P_step. If Pwr_{new} < Pwr_{min}, then keep P_{current} unchanged.

6. The method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S40, the initial value of the communication success rate is set to 100%.

7. The method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjusted new power Pwr_{new} = Pwr_{current} + P_step. If P_{new} > P_{max}, then keep P_{current} = P_{max}.

8. The method for adaptive adjustment of wireless node transmit power according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S50, if the communication success rate is still lower than Thr_{succ} after three consecutive power increases, a fault alarm is triggered, and P_{max} communication is maintained to preserve the basic connection.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electronic terminal, characterized in that, include: Processor and memory; The memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory to cause the terminal to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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