Fluid container and electrochemical cell

Abstract

A fluid container (3) is provided with a first metal member (31), a second metal member (32), an adhesive section (34), a first interface (4), and a second interface (5). The first metal member (31) contains chromium. The second metal member (32) contains chromium. The adhesive section (34) is configured from an oxide having chromium as the main component. The adhesive section (34) adheres the first metal member (31) and the second metal member (32) to each other. The first interface (4) is an interface between the first metal member (31) and the adhesive portion (34). The second interface (5) is an interface between the second metal member (32) and the adhesive portion (34). The first interface (4) has a first inclined portion (41). The first inclined portion (41) is inclined with respect to the surface direction of the first metal member (31).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to fluid containers and electrochemical single cells. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochemical single cells, such as electrolytic single cells and fuel cell single cells, have a fluid container to supply fluid to their main body. For example, the fluid container disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes: a first interconnector, a second interconnector, a separator, a fuel electrode frame, and a glass seal.

[0003] The first interconnect is connected to the air electrode of the fuel cell. The second interconnect is connected to the fuel electrode current collector of the fuel cell. A separator is connected to the solid electrolyte of the fuel cell, separating the flow paths of fuel gas and oxidant gas. A fuel electrode frame is disposed between the separator and the second interconnect. A glass seal bonds the first interconnect and the separator.

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Patent documents

[0006] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2015-156352 Summary of the Invention

[0007] In the fluid container described above, a first metal component and a second metal component are bonded together using an adhesive joint. Due to thermal cycling associated with the start-up and shutdown of the electrochemical single cell, a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the first and second metal components, resulting in shear stress at the interface between the first metal component and the adhesive joint. As a result, delamination may occur at the interface between the first metal component and the adhesive joint.

[0008] The objective of this invention is to provide a fluid container and an electrochemical single cell capable of suppressing interfacial delamination between a first metal component and an adhesive portion.

[0009] The fluid container involved in the first embodiment is a fluid container having an internal space for fluid flow. This fluid container comprises: a first metal component, a second metal component, an adhesive portion, a first interface, and a second interface. The first metal component contains chromium. The second metal component contains chromium. The adhesive portion is composed of an oxide primarily composed of chromium. The adhesive portion bonds the first metal component and the second metal component. The first interface is the interface between the metal component and the adhesive portion. The second interface is the interface between the second metal component and the adhesive portion. The first interface has a first inclined portion. The first inclined portion is inclined relative to the surface direction of the first metal component.

[0010] According to this configuration, the interface between the first metal component and the adhesive portion, i.e., the first interface, has a first inclined portion that is inclined relative to the surface direction of the first metal component. Therefore, a portion of the shear stress generated at the first interface can be converted from the surface direction to the thickness direction. As a result, interface delamination between the first metal component and the adhesive portion can be suppressed.

[0011] The fluid container involved in the second scheme is constructed as follows, based on the fluid container involved in the first scheme.

[0012] The adhesive portion extends in a ring shape to surround the internal space. The first inclined portion extends along the adhesive portion.

[0013] The fluid container in the third embodiment is constructed based on the fluid container in the first or second embodiment as follows: A first inclined portion is inclined from the internal space toward the outer periphery of the fluid container.

[0014] The fluid container involved in the fourth embodiment is constructed based on the fluid containers involved in any of the first to third embodiments, as follows: The second interface has a second inclined portion that is inclined relative to the surface direction of the second metal component.

[0015] The fluid container in the fifth embodiment is constructed based on the fluid container in the fourth embodiment as follows: the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion are repeated when viewed in the thickness direction, and are inclined in a manner that approaches each other from the internal space toward the outer periphery of the fluid container.

[0016] The fluid container in the sixth embodiment is constructed based on the fluid container in the fifth embodiment as follows: The first interface has a third inclined portion that is inclined relative to the surface direction of the first metal component. The second interface has a fourth inclined portion that is inclined relative to the surface direction of the second metal component. The third inclined portion is disposed on the outer peripheral side relative to the first inclined portion. The fourth inclined portion is disposed on the outer peripheral side relative to the second inclined portion. The third and fourth inclined portions are repeated when viewed in the thickness direction, and are inclined in a manner that separates them from each other from the internal space toward the outer peripheral side.

[0017] The fluid container in the seventh embodiment is constructed based on the fluid container in the sixth embodiment as follows: The adhesive portion has a first conical portion and a second conical portion. The first conical portion is defined by a first inclined portion and a second inclined portion. The second conical portion is defined by a third inclined portion and a fourth inclined portion. The taper ratio of the first conical portion is greater than the taper ratio of the second conical portion.

[0018] The fluid container in the eighth embodiment, based on the fluid container in the sixth embodiment, further includes a metal joint. The metal joint is integrally formed with the first metal component and the second metal component. The metal joint is made of a metallic material. The joint has a first conical portion and a second conical portion. The first conical portion is defined by a first inclined portion and a second inclined portion. The second conical portion is defined by a third inclined portion and a fourth inclined portion. The metal joint is disposed between the first conical portion and the second conical portion.

[0019] The fluid container of the ninth embodiment is constructed based on the fluid container of any of the first to eighth embodiments as follows: The adhesive portion has a space extending along the surface direction of the first metal component inside it.

[0020] The fluid container involved in the tenth embodiment is constructed based on the fluid container involved in any of the first to ninth embodiments, as follows: The adhesive portion consists of multiple layers. The number of adhesive layers varies in the direction from the internal space toward the outer periphery of the fluid container.

[0021] The fluid container involved in the eleventh embodiment is constructed based on the fluid container involved in any of the first to tenth embodiments, as follows: The number of adhesive layers decreases in the direction from the internal space toward the outer periphery of the fluid container.

[0022] The fluid container involved in the twelfth embodiment is constructed based on the fluid containers involved in any of the first to eleventh embodiments, as follows: The adhesive part is a seal used to enclose the internal space.

[0023] The electrochemical single cell involved in the thirteenth embodiment includes: a fluid container involved in any of the first to twelfth embodiments, and a single cell body disposed on the fluid container.

[0024] The electrochemical single cell of the fourteenth embodiment is constructed based on the electrochemical single cell of the thirteenth embodiment as follows: A first metal component has multiple connecting holes that are connected to an internal space. The main body of the single cell is disposed on the first metal component in a manner that covers the multiple connecting holes.

[0025] The electrochemical single cell of the fifteenth embodiment is constructed based on the electrochemical single cell of the thirteenth embodiment as follows: The second metal component has multiple connecting holes that are connected to the internal space. The main body of the single cell is disposed on the second metal component in a manner that covers the multiple connecting holes.

[0026] Invention Effects

[0027] According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress interfacial peeling between the first metal component and the adhesive portion. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 It is a plan view of an electrolytic single cell.

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Section II-II.

[0030] Figure 3 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the area surrounding the first adhesive portion.

[0031] Figure 4 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the periphery of the first adhesive part in the modified example.

[0032] Figure 5 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the periphery of the first adhesive part in the modified example.

[0033] Figure 6 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the periphery of the first adhesive part in the modified example. Detailed Implementation

[0034] <Electrolytic Single Cell>

[0035] Figure 1 This is a plan view of an electrolytic single cell 100. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of line II-II.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the electrolytic cell 100 (an example of an electrochemical cell) is formed as a plate extending along the X-axis and Y-axis directions. In this embodiment, the electrolytic cell 100 is formed as a rectangle extending along the Y-axis direction when viewed from above along the Z-axis direction, which is perpendicular to the X-axis and Y-axis directions. However, the planar shape of the electrolytic cell 100 is not particularly limited and can be a polygon, ellipse, circle, etc., other than a rectangle.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the electrolytic single cell 100 includes a single cell body 2 and a fluid container 3.

[0038] <Single Battery Main Body>

[0039] The single-cell main body 2 is disposed on the fluid container 3. The single-cell main body 2 is supported by the metal support 31 described later in the fluid container 3. The single-cell main body 2 is disposed on the metal support 31 in such a way that it covers the plurality of through holes 313 described later. The single-cell main body 2 has: a hydrogen electrode 21 (cathode), an electrolyte 22, an anti-reaction layer 23, and an oxygen electrode 24 (anode).

[0040] The hydrogen electrode 21, electrolyte 22, anti-reaction layer 23, and oxygen electrode 24 are stacked sequentially in the Z-axis direction, starting from the side of the fluid container 3. The hydrogen electrode 21, electrolyte 22, and oxygen electrode 24 are mandatory components, while the anti-reaction layer 23 is optional.

[0041] <Hydrogen Pole>

[0042] The hydrogen electrode 21 is disposed on the first main surface 311 of the metal support 31. Feed gas is supplied to the hydrogen electrode 21 through the connecting holes 313 of the metal support 31. The feed gas contains at least water vapor (H2O). H2 is generated at the hydrogen electrode 21 during the electrolysis reaction.

[0043] When the feed gas contains only H2O, the hydrogen electrode 21 generates H2 from the feed gas according to the electrochemical reaction of water electrolysis shown in equation (1) below.

[0044] • Hydrogen pole 21: H2O + 2e － →H2+O 2－ ···(1)

[0045] When the feed gas contains H2O and CO2, the hydrogen electrode 21 generates H2, CO and O from the feed gas through a co-electrolysis electrochemical reaction as shown in equations (2), (3), and (4) below. 2－ .

[0046] • Hydrogen pole 21: CO2 + H2O + 4e － →CO + H₂ + 2O 2－ ···(2)

[0047] Electrochemical reaction of H2O: H2O + 2e － →H2+O 2－ ···(3)

[0048] • Electrochemical reaction of CO2: CO2 + 2e － →CO+O 2－ ···(4)

[0049] The H2 generated at the hydrogen electrode 21 flows out from the connecting holes 313 of the metal support 31 into the internal space 30, which will be described later.

[0050] The hydrogen electrode 21 is a porous material with electronic conductivity. The hydrogen electrode 21 contains nickel (Ni). In co-electrolysis, Ni functions as an electron conductor and also as a thermal catalyst, promoting the thermal reaction between the generated H2 and the CO2 contained in the feed gas while maintaining a suitable gas composition for metallization, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, etc. The Ni contained in the hydrogen electrode 21 exists primarily as metallic Ni during the operation of the electrolytic cell 100; however, a portion may exist as nickel oxide (NiO).

[0051] Hydrogen electrode 21 may contain ion-conducting materials. Examples of ion-conducting materials that can be used include: yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide (YSZ), calcium oxide-stabilized zirconium oxide (CSZ), scandium oxide-stabilized zirconium oxide (ScSZ), gadolinium-doped cerium dioxide (GDC), samarium-doped cerium dioxide (SDC), (La,Sr)(Cr,Mn)O3, (La,Sr)TiO3, Sr2(Fe,Mo)2O6, (La,Sr)VO3, (La,Sr)FeO3, and mixed materials obtained by combining two or more of these materials.

[0052] The thickness of the hydrogen electrode 21 is not particularly limited; for example, it can be greater than 1 μm and less than 100 μm. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the hydrogen electrode 21 is not particularly limited; it can be, for example, 12 × 10⁻⁶. ―6 / ℃ or above and 20×10 －6 / ℃ below.

[0053] There are no particular restrictions on the formation method of the hydrogen electrode 21. It can be formed by: firing method, spraying method (fusion deposition method, aerosol deposition method, aerosol gas deposition method, powder jet deposition method, particle jet deposition method, cold spraying method, etc.), PVD method (sputtering method, pulsed laser deposition method, etc.), CVD method, etc.

[0054] <Electrolytes>

[0055] Electrolyte 22 is formed on hydrogen electrode 21. Electrolyte 22 is disposed between hydrogen electrode 21 and oxygen electrode 24. In this embodiment, electrolyte 22 is sandwiched between hydrogen electrode 21 and anti-reaction layer 23, and is connected to both.

[0056] Electrolyte 22 covers hydrogen electrode 21 and also covers the area of ​​the first main surface 311 of metal support 31 exposed from hydrogen electrode 21.

[0057] Electrolyte 22 is a dense body with oxide ion conductivity. Electrolyte 22 is used to convert the O generated at the hydrogen electrode 21... 2－It is transferred to the oxygen electrode 24 side. The electrolyte 22 is made of an oxide ion-conducting material. The electrolyte 22 can be made of, for example, YSZ, GDC, ScSZ, SDC, LSGM (lanthanum gallate), etc., and YSZ is particularly preferred.

[0058] The thickness of electrolyte 22 is not particularly limited; for example, it can be greater than 1 μm and less than 100 μm. The coefficient of thermal expansion of electrolyte 22 is not particularly limited; for example, it can be 10 × 10⁻⁶. ―6 / ℃ or higher and 12×10 ―6 / ℃ below.

[0059] There are no particular restrictions on the formation method of electrolyte 22, and methods such as sintering, spraying, PVD, and CVD can be used.

[0060] <Anti-reaction layer>

[0061] An anti-reaction layer 23 is disposed between the electrolyte 22 and the oxygen electrode 24. The anti-reaction layer 23 is disposed on the opposite side of the hydrogen electrode 21, with the electrolyte 22 as a reference. The anti-reaction layer 23 is used to suppress the formation of a layer with high electrical resistance due to the reaction between the constituent elements of the electrolyte 22 and the constituent elements of the oxygen electrode 24.

[0062] The anti-reaction layer 23 is made of an oxide ion-conducting material. The anti-reaction layer 23 can be made of GDC, SDC, etc.

[0063] The porosity of the anti-reaction layer 23 is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, 0.1% or more and 50% or less. The thickness of the anti-reaction layer 23 is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, 1 μm or more and 50 μm or less.

[0064] There are no particular restrictions on the method of forming the anti-reaction layer 23; methods such as firing, spraying, PVD, and CVD can be used.

[0065] <Oxygen pole>

[0066] The oxygen electrode 24 is disposed on the opposite side of the hydrogen electrode 21, with the electrolyte 22 as a reference. In this embodiment, an anti-reaction layer 23 is disposed between the electrolyte 22 and the oxygen electrode 24, therefore, the oxygen electrode 24 is connected to the anti-reaction layer 23. If the anti-reaction layer 23 is not disposed between the electrolyte 22 and the oxygen electrode 24, the oxygen electrode 24 is connected to the electrolyte 22.

[0067] Oxygen electrode 24 undergoes a chemical reaction according to the following equation (5), where O is transferred from hydrogen electrode 21 through electrolyte 22. 2－ O2 is generated.

[0068] ·Oxygen pole 24:2O 2－ →O2+4e － ···(5)

[0069] The oxygen electrode 24 is a porous material with oxide ion conductivity and electronic conductivity. The oxygen electrode 24 can be composed of a composite material of one or more of the following: (La,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3, (La,Sr)FeO3, La(Ni,Fe)O3, (La,Sr)CoO3, and (Sm,Sr)CoO3 with an oxide ion conductivity material (GDC, etc.).

[0070] There are no particular limitations on the porosity of the oxygen electrode 24, which can be, for example, 20% or more and 60% or less. There are no particular limitations on the thickness of the oxygen electrode 24, which can be, for example, 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less.

[0071] There are no particular restrictions on the formation method of oxygen electrode 24, and methods such as firing, spraying, PVD, and CVD can be used.

[0072] <Fluid container>

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, the fluid container 3 has an internal space 30. The raw material gas supplied to the hydrogen electrode 21 and the reducing gas generated at the hydrogen electrode 21 (H2 in this embodiment) flow into the internal space 30. It should be noted that the raw material gas and the reducing gas are examples of the fluids of the present invention.

[0074] The fluid container 3 includes: a metal support 31 (an example of a first metal component), a frame 32 (an example of a second metal component), an interconnector 33, a first adhesive portion 34 (an example of an adhesive portion), and a second adhesive portion 35. The internal space 30 is the space surrounded by the metal support 31, the frame 32, the interconnector 33, the first adhesive portion 34, and the second adhesive portion 35.

[0075] In addition, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fluid container 3 has a first interface 4 and a second interface 5. Figure 3 An enlarged cross-sectional view showing the details of the area surrounding the first adhesive portion 34.

[0076] <Metal Support>

[0077] like Figure 2 As shown, the metal support 31 supports the main body 2 of the single battery. In this embodiment, the metal support 31 is formed in the shape of a plate. The metal support 31 is only required to support the main body 2 of the single battery, and its thickness is not particularly limited. For example, it can be 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.

[0078] The metal support 31 has: multiple connecting holes 313, a first main surface 311 and a second main surface 312.

[0079] Each connecting hole 313 extends from the first main surface 311 to the second main surface 312 through the metal support 31. Each connecting hole 313 is open on both the first main surface 311 and the second main surface 312. Each connecting hole 313 is covered by the single cell body 2. Specifically, the opening on the first main surface 311 side of each connecting hole 313 is covered by the hydrogen electrode 21. The opening on the second main surface 312 side of each connecting hole 313 is connected to the internal space 30.

[0080] Each connecting hole 313 can be formed by machining (e.g., punching), laser processing, or chemical processing (e.g., etching).

[0081] In this embodiment, each connecting hole 313 is formed in a straight line along the Z-axis direction. However, each connecting hole 313 may be inclined relative to the Z-axis direction, or it may not be straight. In addition, the connecting holes 313 may be connected to each other.

[0082] The first main surface 311 is located on the opposite side of the second main surface 312. A single battery body 2 is disposed on the first main surface 311. A frame 32 is joined to the second main surface 312 by means of a first adhesive part 34.

[0083] The metal support 31 is made of an alloy containing Cr (chromium). Examples of such alloys include Fe-Cr alloy steels (stainless steel, etc.) and Ni-Cr alloy steels. There is no particular limitation on the Cr content in the metal support 31, which can be 4% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.

[0084] The metal support 31 may contain Ti (titanium) or Zr (zirconium). There is no particular limitation on the Ti content in the metal support 31; it can be above 0.01 mol% and below 1.0 mol%. There is no particular limitation on the Zr content in the metal support 31; it can be above 0.01 mol% and below 0.4 mol%. The metal support 31 may contain Ti in the form of TiO2 (titanium dioxide) or Zr in the form of ZrO2 (zirconium oxide).

[0085] <Frame>

[0086] The frame 32 serves as a bushing for forming the internal space 30. In this embodiment, the frame 32 is formed in a ring shape. The frame 32 is joined to the metal support 31 by means of a first adhesive portion 34, and to the interconnect 33 by means of a second adhesive portion 35. The thickness of the frame 32 is not particularly limited and can be, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.

[0087] The frame 32 has a first main surface 321 and a second main surface 322. The first main surface 321 of the frame 32 is the surface facing the metal support 31. The second main surface 322 of the frame 32 is the surface facing the interconnector 33.

[0088] The frame 32 is made of an alloy containing Cr. Examples of such alloys include Fe-Cr alloy steel and Ni-Cr alloy steel. There is no particular limitation on the Cr content in the frame 32; it can be 4% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less. The composition of the frame 32 can be the same as or different from that of the metal support 31.

[0089] <Interconnector>

[0090] The interconnector 33 is disposed on the opposite side of the metal support 31 with reference to the frame 32. The interconnector 33 is a component for electrically connecting the electrolytic cell 100 to an external power source or other electrolytic cells.

[0091] The interconnect 33 is formed in the shape of a plate. The interconnect 33 is attached to the frame 32 by means of the second adhesive portion 35. The thickness of the interconnect 33 is not particularly limited and can be, for example, more than 0.1 mm and less than 2.0 mm.

[0092] The interconnect 33 is made of a Cr-containing alloy. Examples of such alloys include Fe-Cr alloy steel and Ni-Cr alloy steel. The Cr content in the interconnect 33 is not particularly limited and can be between 4% and 30% by mass. The composition of the interconnect 33 can be the same as or different from that of the metal support 31. The composition of the interconnect 33 can be the same as or different from that of the frame 32.

[0093] <First Adhesive Part>

[0094] The first adhesive portion 34 is disposed between the metal support 31 and the frame 32. The first adhesive portion 34 bonds the metal support 31 and the frame 32. Specifically, the first adhesive portion 34 is engaged with both the metal support 31 and the frame 32.

[0095] The first adhesive portion 34 seals the gap between the metal support 31 and the frame 32. This prevents the raw material gas supplied to the hydrogen electrode 21 and the reducing gas generated at the hydrogen electrode 21 from leaking to the outside through the gap between the metal support 31 and the frame 32.

[0096] The first adhesive portion 34 is disposed between the metal support 31 and the frame 32. The first adhesive portion 34 is held between the metal support 31 and the frame 32. The first adhesive portion 34 extends in a ring shape to surround the internal space 30. The first adhesive portion 34 functions as a seal to close the internal space 30. That is, the first adhesive portion 34 extends continuously in a ring shape.

[0097] The first adhesive portion 34 is composed of an oxide with Cr as its main component (hereinafter referred to as "Cr oxide"). Accordingly, during the manufacture or operation of the electrolytic cell 100, the diffusion of Cr from the metal support 31 and the frame 32 to the first adhesive portion 34 can be suppressed. Furthermore, even if Cr diffuses from the metal support 31 and the frame 32 to the first adhesive portion 34, the impact on the composition of the first adhesive portion 34 is relatively small; therefore, the reduction in the strength of the first adhesive portion 34 can also be suppressed. In addition, since the metal support 31, the frame 32, and the first adhesive portion 34 all contain Cr, their adhesion to each other can be improved. Accordingly, the adhesion between the metal support 31 and the frame 32 can be maintained for a long period.

[0098] It should be noted that in this embodiment, Cr as the main component means that, when the composition of the Cr oxide constituting the first adhesive part 34 is analyzed using an energy dispersive spectrophotometer (EDS), the Cr content among the metal elements is the highest. There is no particular limitation on the Cr content in the Cr oxide; for example, it can be 20 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less among the metal elements.

[0099] The Cr content in the Cr oxide constituting the first adhesive portion 34 is preferably 50 mol% or more in the metal element. Accordingly, the diffusion of Cr contained in the metal support 31 and the frame 32 into the first adhesive portion 34 can be significantly suppressed.

[0100] The Cr oxide constituting the first adhesive portion 34 is preferably composed of at least one of chromium oxide and chromium-manganese oxide. These oxides have the property that Cr is particularly difficult to diffuse, thus improving the durability of the first adhesive portion 34.

[0101] Examples of chromium oxides include Cr₂O₃. Examples of chromium-manganese oxides include MnCr₂O₄ (spinel) and Mn₂O₃. 1，5 Cr 1，5 O4 (spinel), etc.

[0102] The Cr oxide constituting the first adhesive portion 34 is preferably crystalline. Accordingly, even if the electrolytic cell 100 operates for a long time, damage to the first adhesive portion 34 due to the phase transition of the Cr oxide from amorphous to crystalline can be avoided.

[0103] The Cr oxide constituting the first adhesive portion 34 preferably has a spinel-type or corundum-type crystalline structure. These crystalline structures have high symmetry, thus improving the thermal stress resistance of the first adhesive portion 34.

[0104] The first adhesive portion 34 can be formed as follows: a paste containing Cr oxide is applied to the surface of at least one of the metal support 31 and the frame 32, and then heat treatment is performed to ensure that the metal support 31 and the frame 32 are tightly bonded, thereby forming the first adhesive portion 34. The heat treatment conditions can be appropriately set, for example, 600°C or higher and 1100°C or lower, for 0.5 hours or higher and 24 hours or lower.

[0105] <Second Adhesive Part>

[0106] The second adhesive portion 35 is disposed between the frame 32 and the interconnect 33. The second adhesive portion 34 bonds the frame 32 and the interconnect 33. In detail, the second adhesive portion 35 is engaged with both the frame 32 and the interconnect 33.

[0107] The second adhesive portion 35 seals the gap between the frame 32 and the interconnect 33. This prevents the raw material gas supplied to the hydrogen electrode 21 and the reducing gas generated at the hydrogen electrode 21 from leaking to the outside through the gap between the frame 32 and the interconnect 33.

[0108] The structure of the second adhesive portion 35 is substantially the same as that of the first adhesive portion 34 described above. Therefore, the description of the structure of the second adhesive portion 35 is omitted in this embodiment.

[0109] <First and Second Interfaces>

[0110] like Figure 3 As shown, the first interface 4 is the interface between the metal support 31 and the first adhesive portion 34. The first interface 4 has a first inclined portion 41 and a third inclined portion 42. The first inclined portion 41 and the third inclined portion 42 are inclined relative to the surface direction of the metal support 31. In addition, the first interface 4 has a first flat portion 43. The first flat portion 43 extends substantially parallel to the surface direction of the metal support 31. It should be noted that the surface direction of the metal support 31 refers to the direction in which the portion of the second main surface 312 of the metal support 31 extends, excluding the surfaces constituting the first inclined portion 41 and the third inclined portion 42, and is the XY plane direction.

[0111] The first inclined portion 41 and the third inclined portion 42 extend in a ring shape along the first adhesive portion 34. The first inclined portion 41 and the third inclined portion 42 may extend in a ring shape continuously or intermittently. The third inclined portion 42 is disposed relative to the first inclined portion 41 on the outer peripheral edge of the fluid container 3. Figure 3 (On the right side of the middle). The first inclined part 41 and the third inclined part 42 are connected to each other.

[0112] The first inclined portion 41 and the third inclined portion 42 are inclined from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3. That is, the first inclined portion 41 and the third inclined portion 42 are inclined in a manner that extends from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3 and toward the thickness direction (Z-axis direction).

[0113] Specifically, the first inclined portion 41 is inclined from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3 (towards) Figure 3 The first inclined portion 41 and the third inclined portion 42 are inclined in a manner close to the frame 32 from the right side of the internal space 30. In addition, the third inclined portion 42 is inclined away from the frame 32 from the outer periphery of the fluid container 3. The first inclined portion 41 and the third inclined portion 42 are inclined in opposite directions from the inner space 30 towards the outer periphery of the fluid container 3.

[0114] The first flat portion 43 is disposed on the inner space 30 side relative to the first inclined portion 41. The first flat portion 43 is longer than the first inclined portion 41 in the direction from the inner space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3. In addition, the first flat portion 43 may be disposed on the outer periphery side of the fluid container 3 relative to the third inclined portion 42.

[0115] The second interface 5 is the interface between the frame 32 and the first adhesive portion 34. The second interface 5 has a second inclined portion 51 and a fourth inclined portion 52. The second inclined portion 51 and the fourth inclined portion 52 are inclined relative to the surface direction of the frame 32. Additionally, the second interface 5 has a second flat portion 53. The second flat portion 53 extends substantially parallel to the surface direction of the frame 32. It should be noted that the surface direction of the frame 32 refers to the direction in which the portion of the first main surface 321 of the frame 32 extends, excluding the surfaces constituting the second inclined portion 51 and the fourth inclined portion 52, and is the XY plane direction. The surface direction of the frame 32 is substantially parallel to the surface direction of the metal support 31.

[0116] The second inclined portion 51 and the fourth inclined portion 52 extend in a ring shape along the first adhesive portion 34. The second inclined portion 51 and the fourth inclined portion 52 may extend in a continuous ring shape or intermittently. The fourth inclined portion 52 is disposed relative to the second inclined portion 51 on the outer peripheral edge of the fluid container 3. Figure 3 (On the right side of the middle). The second inclined part 51 and the fourth inclined part 52 are connected to each other.

[0117] The second inclined portion 51 and the fourth inclined portion 52 are inclined from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3. That is, the second inclined portion 51 and the fourth inclined portion 52 are inclined in a manner that extends from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3 and toward the thickness direction (Z-axis direction).

[0118] Specifically, the second inclined portion 51 is inclined from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3 (towards) Figure 3 The second inclined portion 51 and the fourth inclined portion 52 are inclined in a manner close to the metal support 31 from the right side of the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3. The second inclined portion 51 and the fourth inclined portion 52 are inclined in opposite directions from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3.

[0119] The second flat portion 53 is disposed on the inner space 30 side relative to the first inclined portion 41. The second flat portion 53 is longer than the first inclined portion 41 in the direction from the inner space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3. In addition, the second flat portion 53 may be disposed on the outer periphery side of the fluid container 3 relative to the fourth inclined portion 52.

[0120] The first inclined portion 41 and the second inclined portion 51 are identical when viewed in the thickness direction (viewed in the Z-axis direction). The first inclined portion 41 and the second inclined portion 51 are oriented from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3 (towards) Figure 3 (On the right side of the middle) and tilted in a way that is close to each other.

[0121] The first adhesive portion 34 has a first conical portion 341 defined by a first inclined portion 41 and a second inclined portion 51. The thickness t of the first conical portion 341 thins from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3. The maximum thickness t1 of the first conical portion 341 is, for example, 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less, and the minimum thickness t2 is, for example, 0.1 μm or more and 10 μm or less. In addition, the thickness of the first adhesive portion 34, excluding the first conical portion 341 and the second conical portion 342 described later, is substantially the same as the maximum thickness t1 of the first conical portion 341. It should be noted that the thickness of the first adhesive portion 34 refers to the dimension between the first planar portion 43 and the second planar portion 53. Here, thickness refers to the dimension in the direction orthogonal to the surface direction (XY plane direction) of the metal support 31 (Z-axis direction).

[0122] The taper ratio ((t4-t2) / L1) of the first cone 341 is, for example, greater than 0.01 and less than 0.1. Here, t4 refers to the thickness of the first cone 341 at a distance P1 from the point of minimum thickness t2 of the first cone 341 toward the inner space 30 at a distance L1. It should be noted that the thickness is calculated from point P1. Figure 3 The thickness of the first tapered portion 341 is measured at three points within a range of ±10 μm along the X-axis, and the average value of these measurements is set as the thickness t4. Then, the thickness t4 is measured at points P1 at L1 values ​​of 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, and 500 μm, and the taper ratio is calculated. The first tapered portion 341 is formed such that any calculated taper ratio falls within the aforementioned numerical range.

[0123] The third inclined portion 42 and the fourth inclined portion 52 are identical when viewed in the thickness direction (viewed in the Z-axis direction). The third inclined portion 42 and the fourth inclined portion 52 are oriented from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3 (towards) Figure 3 (On the right side of the middle) and tilted in a way that separates them from each other.

[0124] The first adhesive portion 34 has a second conical portion 342 defined by the third inclined portion 42 and the fourth inclined portion 52. The thickness t of the second conical portion 342 increases from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3. The maximum thickness t3 of the second conical portion 342 is, for example, more than 1.0 μm and less than 100 μm. The second conical portion 342 is connected to the first conical portion 341 at its thinnest part, therefore, the minimum thickness t2 is the same as the minimum thickness t2 of the first conical portion 341.

[0125] The taper ratio ((t5-t2) / L2) of the second cone 342 is, for example, 0.01 or more and 0.1 or less. Here, t5 refers to the thickness of the second cone 342 at a distance of L2 from the point where the second cone 342 has the minimum thickness t2 towards the inner space 30. It should be noted that the thickness is calculated from point P2. Figure 3 The thickness of the second cone 342 is measured at three points within a range of ±10 μm along the X-axis, and the average value of these measurements is set as the thickness t5. Then, the thickness t5 is measured at points P2 at L2 values ​​of 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, and 500 μm, and the taper ratio is calculated. The second cone 342 is formed such that any calculated taper ratio falls within the aforementioned numerical range.

[0126] The taper ratio of the first cone 341 can be greater than that of the second cone 342. By making the taper ratio of the first cone 341 greater than that of the second cone 342 in this way, the mechanical reliability of the first cone 341 can be improved relatively.

[0127] <Manufacturing Method>

[0128] The manufacturing method of the first interface 4, the second interface 5, and the first adhesive portion 34 will be described below. First, the metal support 31 is subjected to bending processing such as pressing, thereby shaping the area of ​​the second main surface 312 of the metal support 31 that is bonded to the first adhesive portion 34, i.e., the area constituting the first interface 4, into the shape described above. It should be noted that even if the second main surface 312 of the metal support 31 is thinned by cutting, etching, or laser ablation, the shape described above can still be achieved.

[0129] Similarly, the frame 32 is subjected to bending processes such as pressing, thereby setting the area of ​​the first main surface 321 of the frame 32 that is bonded to the first adhesive portion 34, i.e. the area constituting the second interface 5, to the shape described above.

[0130] Then, a paste containing crystalline metal oxide is applied to the surface of at least one of the metal support 31 and the frame 32. After that, heat treatment is performed to make the metal support 31 and the frame 32 fit together, thereby forming the first adhesive portion 34. The heat treatment conditions can be appropriately set, for example, 600°C or higher and 1100°C or lower, and 0.5 hours or higher and 24 hours or lower.

[0131] (Modifications of the implementation method)

[0132] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications can be made as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

[0133] (a) In the first and second embodiments described above, the frame 32 and the interconnector 33 are separate components; however, the frame 32 and the interconnector 33 can be an integral component. In this case, the fluid container 3 does not have the second adhesive portion 35.

[0134] (b) In the first and second embodiments described above, the metal support 31 and the frame 32 are separate components; however, the metal support 31 and the frame 32 can be an integral component. In this case, the fluid container 3 does not have the first adhesive portion 34.

[0135] (c) In the above embodiments, the metal support 31 is exemplified as a first metal component, and the frame 32 is exemplified as a second metal component. However, the configuration of the fluid container 3 is not limited to this. For example, the frame 32 may be an example of the first metal component, and the metal support 31 may be an example of the second metal component.

[0136] (d) such as Figure 4 As shown, the first cone portion 341 and the second cone portion 342 can be separated from each other. In this case, the fluid container 3 also includes a metal joint portion 36. The metal joint portion 36 is disposed between the first cone portion 341 and the second cone portion 342.

[0137] The metal joint 36 is made of metal. The composition of the metal joint 36 can be the same as that of the metal support 31, the same as that of the frame 32, or a mixture of the metal support 31 and the frame 32. Furthermore, the composition of the metal joint 36 can differ from the individual compositions of the metal support 31 and the frame 32.

[0138] The metal joint 36 is integrally formed with the metal support 31 and the frame 32. For example, the metal joint 36 can be formed by fusing the metal support 31 and the frame 32 or by brazing the metal support 31 and the frame 32. In this embodiment, the metal joint 36 is formed by repeatedly fusing the metal support 31 and the frame 32.

[0139] The metal joint 36 is disposed between the first cone portion 341 and the second cone portion 342, and is therefore isolated from the internal space 30. Thus, the metal joint 36 is not exposed in the internal space 30.

[0140] Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the reducing gas (H2 in this embodiment) flowing through the internal space 30 from contacting the metal joint 36, thus preventing the metal joint 36 from deteriorating (e.g., becoming embrittled) due to the reducing gas. In addition, in this embodiment, it is also possible to prevent water vapor flowing through the internal space 30 from contacting the metal joint 36, thus preventing the metal joint 36 from corroding due to water vapor.

[0141] Furthermore, the metal joint 36 is disposed between the first cone portion 341 and the second cone portion 342, thus isolating it from the external space of the fluid container 3. Therefore, the metal joint 36 is not exposed in the external space.

[0142] Accordingly, it is possible to prevent water vapor contained in the air of the outside space from contacting the metal joint 36, thereby further preventing the metal joint 36 from corroding due to water vapor.

[0143] (e) such as Figure 5 As shown, the first adhesive portion 34 may have a space portion 343 extending along the surface direction of the metal support 31 inside it. By forming the space portion 343 in this way, the stress generated in the first adhesive portion 34 can be mitigated.

[0144] (f) such as Figure 6 As shown, the first adhesive portion 34 may be composed of multiple layers. For example, the first adhesive portion 34 may be composed of a first layer 344, a second layer 345, and a third layer 346.

[0145] The first layer 344 is disposed on the metal support 31. The first layer 344 is sandwiched between the metal support 31 and the second layer 345. The first layer 344 is composed of, for example, Cr2O3.

[0146] The second layer 345 is disposed between the first layer 344 and the frame 32. Since the first adhesive portion 34 has a third layer 346, the second layer 345 is sandwiched between the first layer 344 and the third layer 346. In addition, a portion of the second layer 345 is sandwiched between the metal support 31 and the frame 32.

[0147] The oxide constituting the second layer 345 is preferably different from the oxide constituting the first layer 344. Accordingly, the interface between the first layer 344 and the second layer 345 can prevent cracks from advancing along the Z-axis from the first layer 344 toward the second layer 345, or from the second layer 345 toward the first layer 344. For example, the second layer 345 is composed of chromium manganese oxide.

[0148] A third layer 346 is disposed on the frame 32. The third layer 346 is sandwiched between the second layer 345 and the frame 32. The oxide constituting the third layer 346 is preferably different from the oxide constituting the second layer 345. Accordingly, the interface between the second layer 345 and the third layer 346 can prevent cracks that want to propagate from the second layer 345 toward the third layer 346 or from the third layer 346 toward the second layer 345 along the Z-axis direction. In this embodiment, the third layer 346 is composed of Cr2O3.

[0149] The oxide constituting the third layer 346 is preferably the same as the oxide constituting the first layer 344. Accordingly, the first adhesive portion 34 has a symmetrical structure in the thickness direction parallel to the Z-axis, thus improving the mechanical reliability of the first adhesive portion 34.

[0150] The number of layers of the first adhesive portion 34 varies in the direction from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3. The number of layers of the first adhesive portion 34 decreases in the direction from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3. Furthermore, the number of layers of the first adhesive portion 34 decreases in the direction from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3 and then increases again.

[0151] Specifically, the number of layers of the first adhesive portion 34 is 3 in the first region R1. Furthermore, in the second region R2, located on the outer periphery side of the fluid container 3 relative to the first region R1, the number of layers of the first adhesive portion 34 is 1. Additionally, in the third region R3, located on the outer periphery side of the fluid container 3 relative to the second region R2, the number of layers of the first adhesive portion 34 is 3. Thus, the number of layers of the first adhesive portion 34 decreases and then increases in the direction from the internal space 30 toward the outer periphery of the fluid container 3.

[0152] (g) In the above embodiment, the first adhesive portion 34 has a first conical portion 341 and a second conical portion 342; however, the first adhesive portion 34 may not have the second conical portion 342. That is, the first interface 4 may not have the third inclined portion 42. In addition, the second interface 5 may not have the fourth inclined portion 52.

[0153] (h) In the above embodiments, an electrolytic single cell is used as an example of an electrochemical single cell for explanation; however, electrochemical single cells are not limited to electrolytic single cells. An electrochemical single cell refers to a combination of components that have a pair of electrodes configured to generate an electromotive force based on an overall redox reaction, in order to convert electrical energy into chemical energy, and components used to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Therefore, electrochemical single cells also include, for example, fuel cells that use oxide ions or protons as carriers.

[0154] (i) In the above embodiments, the application of the fluid container of the present invention to an electrochemical single cell has been described; however, the fluid container can be used for various purposes. For example, the fluid container can be used in a metallization reactor for the synthesis of methane from hydrogen and carbon dioxide.

[0155] Symbol Explanation

[0156] 2: Single battery main body

[0157] 3: Fluid container

[0158] 30: Interior Space

[0159] 31: Metal support

[0160] 32: Frame

[0161] 34: First adhesive part

[0162] 341: First cone

[0163] 342: Second cone

[0164] 343: Space Department

[0165] 36: Metal joint

[0166] 4: First Interface

[0167] 41: First inclined section

[0168] 42: Third inclined section

[0169] 5: Second Interface

[0170] 51: Second inclined section

[0171] 52: Fourth inclined section

[0172] 100: Electrolytic single cell

Claims

1. A fluid container having an internal space for fluid flow, The fluid container is characterized by having: A first metal component, the first metal component containing chromium; A second metal component, the second metal component containing chromium; An adhesive portion, which is composed of an oxide with chromium as the main component, bonds the first metal component and the second metal component together. The first interface is the interface between the first metal component and the adhesive portion; as well as The second interface is the interface between the second metal component and the adhesive portion. The first interface has a first inclined portion that is inclined relative to the surface direction of the first metal component.

2. The fluid container according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive portion extends in a ring shape to surround the internal space. The first inclined portion extends along the adhesive portion.

3. The fluid container according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first inclined portion is inclined from the internal space toward the outer periphery of the fluid container.

4. The fluid container according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second interface has a second inclined portion that is inclined relative to the surface direction of the second metal component.

5. The fluid container according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first and second inclined portions repeat each other when viewed in the thickness direction, and are inclined in a manner that approaches each other from the interior space toward the outer periphery of the fluid container.

6. The fluid container according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first interface has a third inclined portion that is inclined relative to the surface direction of the first metal component. The second interface has a fourth inclined portion that is inclined relative to the surface direction of the second metal component. The third inclined portion is disposed on the outer peripheral side relative to the first inclined portion. The fourth inclined portion is disposed on the outer peripheral side relative to the second inclined portion. The third and fourth inclined portions repeat each other when viewed in the thickness direction, and are inclined in a manner that separates them from each other from the inner space toward the outer periphery.

7. The fluid container according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adhesive portion has: a first conical portion defined by the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion, and a second conical portion defined by the third inclined portion and the fourth inclined portion. The taper ratio of the first cone is greater than that of the second cone.

8. The fluid container according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fluid container also includes a metal joint that is integrally formed with the first metal component and the second metal component, and is made of a metallic material. The adhesive portion has: a first conical portion defined by the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion, and a second conical portion defined by the third inclined portion and the fourth inclined portion. The metal joint is disposed between the first cone and the second cone.

9. The fluid container according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive portion has a space extending along the surface direction of the first metal component.

10. The fluid container according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive portion consists of multiple layers. The number of layers of the adhesive portion varies in the direction from the internal space toward the outer periphery of the fluid container.

11. The fluid container according to claim 9, characterized in that, The number of layers of the adhesive portion decreases in the direction from the internal space toward the outer periphery of the fluid container.

12. The fluid container according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive part is a seal used to close the internal space.

13. An electrochemical single cell, characterized in that, have: The fluid container of claim 1; and A single-cell main body is disposed on the fluid container.

14. The electrochemical single cell according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first metal component has: a plurality of connecting holes connected to the internal space. The single battery body is disposed on the first metal component in such a way that it covers the plurality of connecting holes.

15. The electrochemical single cell according to claim 13, characterized in that, The second metal component has: a plurality of communicating holes connected to the internal space. The single battery body is disposed on the second metal component in such a way that it covers the plurality of connecting holes.

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