Traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting chicken coccidiosis as well as preparation method and application of traditional Chinese medicine composition

Abstract

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting chicken coccidiosis as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of livestock breeding. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for resisting chicken coccidiosis is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20 to 60 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae, 10 to 30 parts of fructus mume, 10 to 30 parts of herba agrimoniae and 5 to 20 parts of fructus crataegi. According to the invention, chicks are taken as experimental subjects, a chick coccidiosis model is established, and the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition on the chick coccidiosis is researched from the aspects of general conditions of the chicks, bloody stool conditions, coccidian oocyst discharge conditions, cecum tissue lesion conditions, pathological detection, serum biochemistry, oxidation resistance detection and the like. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has the effects of resisting insects and diminishing inflammation, stopping dysentery and diarrhea, stopping bleeding and resisting diseases and the like, all the medicinal materials are common traditional medicinal materials, the needed raw materials are low in cost, the preparation process is simple, no toxic or side effect is caused to chickens, hormones and antibiotics are not contained, and a new choice is provided for replacing chemicals for preventing and treating coccidiosis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of animal husbandry technology, specifically relating to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Coccidiosis is a common parasitic disease caused by a series of coccidia in the genus *Eimeria*. Its characteristic lesions are hemorrhagic changes in the chicken's intestines, leading to a range of clinical symptoms such as lethargy, ruffled and dull feathers, decreased or even complete loss of appetite, and bloody stools. This disease is most prevalent in chicks, especially those aged 8-20 days, where the morbidity rate is generally over 70%, and the mortality rate can reach 50% or higher. Besides chicks, chickens of other ages are also susceptible, but have a higher survival rate. Those that survive may experience stunted growth, malnutrition, and lethargy, directly reducing the economic benefits of poultry farming. In laying hens, infection with this disease will gradually reduce or even stop egg production, diminishing or eliminating their productive function, thus becoming a major threat to the poultry industry.

[0003] After sexual reproduction, coccidia oocysts are excreted in feces, contaminating their living environment and indirectly infecting other chickens. If not detected and addressed promptly, this process repeats itself, eventually leading to an epidemic in the region, posing a significant threat and loss to the poultry industry. Furthermore, reports indicate that due to drug resistance, the usability of a new drug typically lasts only 3 to 5 years. Industry professionals, aware of the harmfulness of chicken coccidiosis, often over-control measures during breeding, especially by subjecting flocks to long-term ingestion of large amounts of anticoccidial drugs. This undoubtedly exacerbates drug resistance in coccidia and the problem of drug residues in chicken products.

[0004] Due to the widespread existence of drug resistance, common chemical drugs are gradually losing their anticoccidial efficacy, making the control of coccidiosis in chickens increasingly difficult. It is conservatively estimated that my country spends over US$3 billion annually on the prevention and control of chicken coccidiosis, resulting in economic losses exceeding US$3 billion. To effectively control chicken coccidiosis, in addition to improving the skills of farmers and poultry farm employees, enhancing flock immunity, and improving flock health, it is even more important to respond to the national call for "banning antibiotics" and "antibiotic alternatives," actively seeking natural alternatives to anticoccidial drugs to more effectively prevent and control chicken coccidiosis while ensuring the health of chickens, the environment, humans, and society.

[0005] To maximize the health of animals, the environment, and humans, and to avoid over-reliance on chemical drugs and vaccines, natural medicines are the ideal choice. As the birthplace of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), my country possesses abundant medicinal resources, a natural advantage. Effectively exploring anticoccidial TCM resources to improve anticoccidial efficacy and chicken food safety holds great potential. Based on the principles of TCM diagnosis and treatment, chicken coccidiosis falls under the category of parasitic infestation, caused by external damp-heat generating pathogenic toxins that accumulate internally in the chicken. This damp-heat accumulation leads to symptoms such as diarrhea and even bloody stools in chickens. Therefore, regulating qi and drying dampness is an excellent starting point for treating chicken coccidiosis.

[0006] Dried tangerine peel (Chenpi), derived from the dried, mature peel of the citrus fruit (Citrus reticulata) and its cultivated varieties, is used as a qi-regulating herb. It has the effects of regulating qi, strengthening the spleen, drying dampness, and resolving phlegm, effectively relieving symptoms of damp-heat accumulation and internal retention in sick chickens. Ume (Wumei), the dried, nearly mature fruit of the plum (Prunus mume), has astringent, thirst-quenching, and anti-roundworm effects. It is often used to treat chronic diarrhea, thirst due to deficiency heat, and vomiting and abdominal pain due to roundworm infestation. Hawthorn, also a member of the Rosaceae family, is used medicinally for its dried, mature fruit. Hawthorn has the effect of promoting qi circulation and dispersing blood stasis, and is often used in combination with ume to treat symptoms such as abdominal distension, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Agrimonia pilosa, also known as dragon tooth grass, is astringent and neutral in nature, bitter in taste, and enters the spleen, lung, and liver meridians. It has the functions of astringing and stopping bleeding, detoxifying, and tonifying deficiency. It is often used to treat hematemesis and malaria, and is effective against bloody diarrhea caused by coccidiosis in chickens. After screening, a compound formula consisting of dried tangerine peel, dried plum, hawthorn, and agrimony was selected for the treatment of coccidiosis in chickens and achieved good results.

[0007] The above background information is provided only to aid in understanding the inventive concept and technical solution of this invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above information was disclosed on the filing date of this patent application, the above background information should not be used to evaluate the novelty and inventiveness of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating chicken coccidiosis, its preparation method, and its application, so as to effectively treat chicken coccidiosis, provide a new approach to treating chicken coccidiosis, and avoid drug resistance and drug residues caused by chemical drug treatment.

[0009] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0010] A traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens, comprising the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-60 parts dried tangerine peel, 10-30 parts dried plum, 10-30 parts agrimony, and 5-20 parts hawthorn.

[0011] Furthermore, through experimentation, a preferred solution was selected, comprising the following ingredients in parts by weight: 30 parts dried tangerine peel, 20 parts dried plum, 20 parts agrimony, and 10 parts hawthorn.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens, comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) Weigh each raw material according to the mass fractions mentioned above: 20-60 parts of dried tangerine peel, 10-30 parts of dried plum, 10-30 parts of agrimony, and 5-20 parts of hawthorn; wash, dry, cut into sections, crush and sieve, mix evenly, put into an extraction tank, add an appropriate amount of water to submerge the medicinal materials and soak.

[0014] (2) Heat the soaked Chinese medicinal materials in step (1), add cellulase, adjust the pH, and perform enzymatic hydrolysis while stirring continuously.

[0015] (3) After the enzymatic hydrolysis is complete, add water and boil, then simmer over low heat.

[0016] (4) Filter the Chinese medicine in step (3), and then add water to the residue and decoct.

[0017] (5) Filter the Chinese medicine in step (4) and then add water to decoct;

[0018] (6) Combine the decoctions obtained from the three decoctions in steps (3), (4), and (5), concentrate under reduced pressure, and spray dry to obtain material 1; then freeze dry the filter residue after enzymatic hydrolysis under vacuum, pulverize and sieve to obtain material 2; mix material 1 and material 2 evenly, sterilize, and package to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine composition of the present invention.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (1), the sieve mesh size is 80-120 mesh, water is added to submerge the medicinal material by 2-10 cm, and the soaking time is 1-1.5 h.

[0020] Further, in step (2), the heating temperature is 30-60℃, the amount of cellulase added is 0.2-1.0%, the pH is adjusted to 4.5-6.0, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 3-7h.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (3), the total weight of all medicinal materials and the weight of water are in a ratio of 1:10 to 1:12, and the simmering time is 1.5 to 2 hours.

[0022] Furthermore, in step (4), the total weight of all medicinal materials and the weight of water are in a ratio of 1:8 to 1:10, and the simmering time is 1-1.5 hours.

[0023] Furthermore, in step (5), the total weight of all medicinal materials and the weight of water are in a ratio of 1:7 to 1:9, and the simmering time is 1-1.5 hours.

[0024] Further, in step (6), the concentration is carried out to a relative density of 1.07-1.12 and the sieve mesh size is 80-100 mesh.

[0025] This invention also provides the application of a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in the preparation of feed, feed additives, or drinking water additives.

[0026] Furthermore, the dosage of the traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens, when added to feed by mixing, is 5-15 kg / ton of feed.

[0027] Furthermore, the dosage of the traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens, when added to feed via mixing, is 10 kg / ton of feed.

[0028] Furthermore, the application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the preparation of at least one of anticoccidial, chicken coccidiosis prevention, and chicken coccidiosis treatment feed or feed additive or drinking water additive.

[0029] Furthermore, the anticoccidial agent is anti-Eimeria tenella; the chicken coccidiosis is chicken coccidiosis caused by Eimeria tenella.

[0030] To address the current problems in the treatment of coccidiosis in chickens, this invention screens out single Chinese herbs with effects such as regulating qi and drying dampness, antiparasitic and antidiarrheal properties, hemostasis and anti-inflammation, and enhancing immunity. Subsequently, based on the fundamental principles of monarch-minister-assistant-guide, these single herbs are combined into a more comprehensive and effective anticoccidiotic combination. Ultimately, tangerine peel, dried plum, agrimony, and hawthorn were selected as the main ingredients for this combination.

[0031] Dried tangerine peel has the effect of regulating qi and strengthening the spleen, which can regulate the qi mechanism of the chicken's spleen and stomach, promote the digestive function of the spleen and stomach, and alleviate discomfort such as qi stagnation and abdominal distension caused by coccidiosis infection. Hawthorn can aid digestion and strengthen the stomach, helping chickens to digest food better. The synergistic effect of the two can effectively enhance the chicken's digestive function and gradually restore the chicken's intestinal function to normal. Agrimony's astringent, hemostatic, and anti-dysentery effects can effectively alleviate intestinal bleeding and dysentery. The astringent and anti-diarrheal effects of dried plum can work with agrimony to reduce the frequency of diarrhea and prevent serious consequences such as dehydration caused by frequent diarrhea in chickens.

[0032] This invention uses chicks as experimental subjects. By establishing a chick coccidiosis model, the effects of the traditional Chinese medicine composition described in this invention on chick coccidiosis were studied from aspects such as the general condition of chicks, bloody stools, coccidia oocyst excretion, cecal tissue lesions, pathological examination, serum biochemistry, and antioxidant detection.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] (1) The combination of the Chinese medicines has the effects of anti-insect and anti-inflammatory, anti-dysentery and anti-diarrheal, hemostasis and disease resistance, and enhancing immunity. All the medicinal materials are commonly used traditional medicinal materials, which do not cause any toxic side effects on chickens. The raw materials required are inexpensive and the preparation process is simple.

[0035] (2) This traditional Chinese medicine composition does not contain hormones or antibiotics, will not lead to drug resistance, will not expose a large number of livestock and poultry or even humans to the risk of infection caused by drug-resistant strains, and will not pose a threat to food safety. It is in line with the industry's future trend of reducing and replacing antibiotics and environmental protection. Therefore, this traditional Chinese medicine composition can provide new ideas for antibiotic-free, green and healthy breeding models and provide a new option for replacing chemical drugs for the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 The image shows a magnified section of cecal tissue from chicks after pathological preparation and H&E staining, obtained using an optical microscope. Detailed Implementation

[0037] 1. Composition screening test

[0038] 1.1 Material Preparation

[0039] 1.1.1 Drugs: Single Chinese herbs with effects such as regulating qi and drying dampness, antiparasitic and antidiarrheal properties, hemostasis and anti-inflammation, and enhancing immunity were screened for future use. Then, based on the fundamental principles of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) administration, these single herbs were combined into TCM compositions that could potentially offer more comprehensive functions and better anticoccidial effects. Finally, four TCM compositions were compiled and experimentally verified.

[0040] Table 1: Composition and Proportion of Four Traditional Chinese Medicine Combinations

[0041]

[0042] The pomegranate peel, dried ginger, coptis, talcum powder, costus root, burnet root, dried tangerine peel, dried plum, hawthorn, and agrimony were all purchased from Xiangjun Pharmacy in Nanning City.

[0043] Diclazuril is a conventional anticoccidial drug. The diclazuril solution was purchased from Hefei Zhonglong Shenli Animal Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

[0044] 1.1.2 Chicks: One-day-old chicks were provided by Beijing Agricultural College and raised in a sterilized, coccidioidom-free animal house; chicken cages, feed troughs, and water troughs were all strictly sterilized. They were fed sterilized feed and purified water, and had free access to food. One week before creating the animal coccidiosis model, the clinical symptoms of the flock were carefully observed and their feces were tested for the presence of coccidia oocysts. Weak chickens and chickens that might be infected with coccidiosis were culled, and the remaining chickens were kept for future use.

[0045] 1.1.3 Feed: Provided by Dabeinong Feed Mill (containing no anticoccidial ingredients).

[0046] 1.1.4 Mixing: Weigh each raw material according to the formula. First, put the powdered Chinese medicine monomers into the mixer according to the weight ratio of the raw materials and mix them evenly. Then, mix the monomer mixture with a small amount of feed evenly. Then, mix the remaining feed with the feed premixed with the Chinese medicine monomer mixture in four batches.

[0047] 1.1.5 Chicken coccidia oocysts: Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts (gifted by China Agricultural University) were used after two weeks of passage and rejuvenation in chickens. The cecum was collected, and the oocysts were collected. When the sporulation rate reached more than 80% at 28℃, the oocysts were counted and stored in a 2.5% potassium dichromate solution at 4℃. They should be used within one month.

[0048] 1.2 Experimental Methods

[0049] The experiment used 168 chickens from the same batch, which were completely randomly divided into 7 treatments, with 4 replicates per treatment and 6 chickens per replicate, all fed the same way. The implementation method is shown in the table below:

[0050] Table 2: Processing methods for screening examples of traditional Chinese medicine compositions

[0051] 1.2.1 Feeding and Management

[0052] Prior to the experiment, the chicken coop was cleaned, disinfected, and immunized according to the existing immunization program of the chicken farm. The experiment period was from 1 day to 23 days old. Chicks with significant weight differences were weighed on days 7 and 14 to ensure uniform weight across all implementation examples. Chicks were treated for parasites at day 14. For examples 1 to 10, each chicken was force-fed 2 × 10⁻⁶ g / kg. 4 Individual sporozoites were administered to control groups 1 to 3 via gavage with an equal volume of physiological saline. Feed intake and diarrhea / bloody stools were recorded daily after 14 days of age. Feces were collected on days 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 after model establishment for subsequent egg counting. Sampling was performed at day 21 to observe the extent of cecal lesions. Finally, the relative weight gain, feed efficiency, and anticoccidial index (ACI) of each group of chicks were calculated.

[0053] The morbidity, cure rate, and mortality rate of chicks in each group were observed and recorded. The efficacy assessment method and standard anticoccidial index (ACI) were calculated according to the formula recommended by Merck & Co., Ltd.: ACI = (relative weight gain rate + survival rate) - (oocyst value + lesion value); relative weight gain rate = (weight gain of experimental group ÷ weight gain of blank control group) × 100%; survival rate = (number of surviving chicks in each group ÷ total number of chicks in each group) × 100%. Lesions were scored according to five levels, as shown in Table 3.

[0054] Table 3: Gravical Lesion Scoring Criteria

[0055]

[0056] The efficacy criteria are as follows: ACI ≥ 180 is considered excellent, 160 ≤ ACI ≤ 180 is good, 140 ≤ ACI ≤ 160 is moderate, 120 ≤ ACI ≤ 140 is poor, and ACI ≤ 120 is ineffective. The oocyst value is calculated from the occlusal contents gram oocyst count (OPG).

[0057] 1.3 Results of composition screening experiments

[0058] 1.3.1 Clinical Manifestations

[0059] In control group 1, which was not inoculated with Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts, the chicks were in good spirits, ate normally, and did not have bloody stools. In model group 1, control group 1, and examples 1-4, on the second day after inoculation with Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts, the chicks showed symptoms such as lethargy and standing listlessly; obvious bloody stools began to appear on the fourth day, and the bloody stools were most severe on the fifth day, after which the bloody stools gradually decreased.

[0060] 1.3.2 Growth performance

[0061] Weigh the animals before 14-day-old challenge, record daily feed intake after challenge, weigh them again before necropsy and sampling at 21-day-old age, and calculate average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. Results are shown in Table 4.

[0062] Table 4: ADFI, ADG, and FCR of different traditional Chinese medicine compositions

[0063]

[0064] * Values ​​of superscripts with different lowercase letters in the same line indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).

[0065] Table 4 shows that compared with the control group 1, the average daily weight gain of model group 1 was significantly lower (p<0.05), while the feed conversion ratio was significantly higher (p<0.05), proving that coccidiosis infection severely affects the production performance of chicks. The average daily weight gain of Example 4 was significantly higher than that of model group 1 (p<0.05), while the feed conversion ratios of Examples 3 and 4 were significantly lower than those of model group 1 (p<0.05), and there was no significant difference from the control group (p>0.05), proving that compositions 3 and 4 are effective in restoring the production performance of sick chickens.

[0066] 1.3.3 Anticoccidial Index

[0067] In each embodiment, 12 chickens were dissected and their cecums were removed. The anticoccidial index of each group was calculated based on the lesion score, relative weight gain rate, survival rate and oocyst value. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0068] Table 5: Evaluation of the anticoccidial effects of different traditional Chinese medicine combinations

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] As shown in Table 5, compositions 2 and 3 can achieve moderate anticoccidial effects, while compositions 1 and 4 can achieve good anticoccidial effects.

[0072] Comparing Tables 4 and 5, it can be seen that Composition 4, namely the traditional Chinese medicine composition of dried tangerine peel, dried plum, agrimony, and hawthorn, has the best overall effect in restoring the production performance of sick chickens and preventing coccidiosis. Therefore, this traditional Chinese medicine composition was selected for subsequent experiments.

[0073] 2. Drug administration method screening experiment

[0074] 2.1 Material preparation: Same as 1.1

[0075] 2.2 Experimental Methods

[0076] The experiment used 120 chickens from the same batch, which were randomly divided into 5 treatments, with 4 replicates per treatment and 6 chickens per replicate, all fed the same way. The implementation method is shown in the table below:

[0077] Table 6: Processing methods for screening drug delivery method examples

[0078]

[0079] 2.2.1 Feeding and Management

[0080] Same as 1.2.1

[0081] 2.3 Results of the drug administration method screening experiment

[0082] 2.3.1 Clinical Manifestations

[0083] In control group 2, which was not inoculated with Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts, the chicks were in good spirits, ate normally, and did not have bloody stools. In model group 2, control group 2, and examples 5-6, on the second day after inoculation with Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts, the chicks showed symptoms such as lethargy and standing listlessly; obvious bloody stools began to appear on the fourth day, with the most severe bloody stools on the fifth day, after which the bloody stools gradually decreased.

[0084] 2.3.2 Growth performance

[0085] Weigh the animals before 14-day-old challenge, record daily feed intake after challenge, weigh them again before necropsy and sampling at 21-day-old age, and calculate average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. Results are shown in Table 7.

[0086] Table 7: ADFI, ADG and FCR of different dosage forms of Composition 4

[0087]

[0088] * Values ​​of superscripts with different lowercase letters in the same line indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).

[0089] Table 7 shows that compared with the control group 2, the average daily weight gain of model group 2 was significantly lower (p<0.05), while the feed conversion ratio was significantly higher (p<0.05). This demonstrates that coccidiosis infection severely affects the production performance of chicks. The average daily weight gain of Examples 5 and 6 was significantly higher than that of model group 1 (p<0.05), and the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower than that of model group 1 (p<0.05), with no significant difference from the control group (p>0.05). This proves that the traditional Chinese medicine composition has a significant effect on restoring the production performance of sick chickens, whether administered through drinking water or mixed with feed, although the effect is better when mixed with feed.

[0090] 2.3.3 Anticoccidial Index

[0091] In each embodiment, 12 chickens were dissected and their cecums were removed. The anticoccidial index of each group was calculated based on the lesion score, relative weight gain rate, survival rate and oocyst value. The results are shown in Table 8.

[0092] Table 8: Evaluation of the anticoccidial efficacy of different dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions

[0093]

[0094] As shown in Table 8, both feed mixing and drinking water administration can achieve good anticoccidial effects, but feed mixing is relatively more effective. Therefore, feed mixing is selected as the preferred administration method.

[0095] 3. Dosage Screening Experiment

[0096] 3.1 Material preparation: Same as 1.1

[0097] 3.2 Experimental Methods

[0098] The experiment used 168 chickens from the same batch, which were completely randomly divided into 7 treatments, with 4 replicates per treatment and 6 chickens per replicate, all fed the same way. The implementation method is shown in the table below:

[0099] Table 9: Processing methods for screening drug dosage examples

[0100]

[0101] 3.3 Results of Dosage Screening Experiment

[0102] 3.3.1 Clinical Manifestations

[0103] In control group 3, which was not inoculated with Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts, the chicks were in good spirits, ate normally, and did not have bloody stools. In model group 3, control group 3, and examples 8 to 10, on the second day after inoculation with Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts, the chicks showed symptoms such as lethargy and standing listlessly; obvious bloody stools began to appear on the fourth day, and the bloody stools were most severe on the fifth day, after which the bloody stools gradually decreased.

[0104] 3.3.2 Growth performance

[0105] Weigh the animals before 14 days of viral challenge, record their daily feed intake after viral challenge, weigh them before 21 days of dissection and sampling, and compile the data to calculate the average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio.

[0106] The results are shown in Table 10:

[0107] Table 10: ADFI, ADG, and FCR at different dosages

[0108]

[0109] * Values ​​of superscripts with different lowercase letters in the same line indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).

[0110] Table 10 shows that compared with the control group 3, the average daily weight gain of model group 3 was significantly lower (p<0.05), and the feed conversion ratio was significantly higher (p<0.05), proving that coccidiosis infection seriously affects the production performance of chicks. Compared with the control group 3, Example 7 showed an increase in average daily weight gain and a decrease in feed conversion ratio, proving that the prescription is non-toxic and can promote chick growth. Compared with the model group, the average daily weight gain of Example 9 was significantly higher (p<0.05), and the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower (p<0.05). Example 9 showed better results than Examples 8 and 10, proving that the medium dose of this traditional Chinese medicine composition is most effective in promoting the production performance of chicks.

[0111] 3.3.3 Pathological sections

[0112] Chicks were euthanized by cervical dislocation, and their intestinal tissue was removed. The cecum was carefully separated. Surgical forceps were used to fix the proximal cecum, and a small segment of approximately 2-3 cm was separated. The contents of the intestinal lumen were cleaned with PBS solution. The separated cecum segment was placed in a 4% formaldehyde solution, which was changed every 12 hours until the solution became clear. Pathological sections of the fixed cecum tissue were prepared and H&E stained. Each example was magnified to 100x (left) and 200x (right) using an optical microscope to obtain... Figure 1 .

[0113] Depend on Figure 1It can be seen that Eimeria tenella severely damages the intestinal mucosa. Using H&E staining, the structural changes of the intestinal epithelial tissue can be observed directly. In blank group 3, the intact striated border of the intestine, neatly arranged intestinal glands, and tightly connected cells in the upper mucosa were observed. In model group 3, the intestinal mucosa was severely damaged, and part of the intestinal mucosa had been squeezed and deformed. Under a microscope at 200x magnification, Eimeria tenella at different developmental stages could be clearly observed. The intestinal glands were occupied by dense Eimeria tenella and lost their original structure, and the cells in the mucosa were loosely distributed. Example 8 also showed severe damage to the intestinal mucosa, with part of the intestinal mucosa sloughing off into the intestinal lumen. Under a microscope at 200x magnification, Eimeria tenella at different developmental stages could be clearly observed. The intestinal glands were occupied by dense Eimeria tenella, and the cells in the mucosa were loosely distributed. In Example 10, the intestinal mucosa was more intact than that of Example 8, and the density of eggs was also reduced, but there were still more inflammatory cells. In Example 9, the intact striated border of the intestine and neatly arranged intestinal glands were observed, and a very small number of parasitic eggs could be observed.

[0114] 3.3.4 Anticoccidial Index

[0115] Twelve chickens in each group were necropsyed, and their cecums were removed. The anticoccidial index of each group was calculated based on the lesion score, relative weight gain rate, survival rate, and oocyst value. The results are shown in Table 11.

[0116] Table 11: Evaluation of the anticoccidial effect of different dosages

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] As shown in Table 11, the traditional Chinese medicine composition 4 exhibited the best anticoccidial effect at a dosage of 10 kg / T, achieving a good anticoccidial effect. Therefore, the optimal dosage was selected as 10 kg / T.

[0120] Those skilled in the art will recognize that numerous variations are possible with respect to the above description, and therefore the embodiments are merely illustrative of one or more specific implementations.

[0121] Although exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and substitutions can be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, many modifications can be made to adapt specific situations to the doctrine of the invention without departing from the central concepts of the invention described herein. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but may include all embodiments and equivalents that fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens, comprising the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-60 parts dried tangerine peel, 10-30 parts dried plum, 10-30 parts agrimony, and 5-20 parts hawthorn.

2. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens according to claim 1, characterized in that, In parts by weight, The ingredients include: 30 parts dried tangerine peel, 20 parts dried plum, 20 parts agrimony, and 10 parts hawthorn.

3. A traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens, characterized in that, The active ingredient includes the powder of the traditional Chinese medicine composition according to claim 1 or 2, or an aqueous or organic solvent extract of the active ingredient, and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

4. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The traditional Chinese medicine composition mentioned herein includes, but is not limited to, powders, decoctions, oral liquids, granules, pills, and tablets.

5. A method for preparing a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the following steps: (1) Weigh each raw material according to the mass fractions mentioned above: 20-60 parts of dried tangerine peel, 10-30 parts of dried plum, 10-30 parts of agrimony, and 5-20 parts of hawthorn; wash, dry, cut into sections, crush and sieve, mix evenly, put into an extraction tank, add an appropriate amount of water to submerge the medicinal materials and soak. (2) Heat the soaked Chinese medicinal materials in step (1), add cellulase, adjust the pH, and perform enzymatic hydrolysis while stirring continuously. (3) After the enzymatic hydrolysis is complete, add water and boil, then simmer over low heat. (4) Filter the Chinese medicine in step (3), and then add water to the residue and simmer over low heat. (5) Filter the Chinese medicine in step (4) and then add water to simmer over low heat. (6) Combine the decoctions obtained from the three decoctions in steps (3), (4), and (5), concentrate under reduced pressure, and spray dry to obtain material 1; then freeze dry the filter residue after enzymatic hydrolysis under vacuum, pulverize and sieve to obtain material 2; mix material 1 and material 2 evenly, sterilize, and package to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine composition of the present invention.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (1), the sieve mesh size is 80-120 mesh, the water is added to submerge the medicinal materials by 2-10 cm, and the soaking time is 1-1.5 h; in step (2), the heating temperature is 30-60℃, the amount of cellulase added is 0.2-1.0%, the pH is adjusted to 4.5-6.0, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 3-7 h; in step (3), the ratio of the total weight of all medicinal materials to the weight of water added is 1:10-1:

12. The decoction time is 1.5-2 hours; the ratio of the total weight of all medicinal materials to the weight of water in step (4) is 1:8-1:10, and the decoction time is 1-1.5 hours; the ratio of the total weight of all medicinal materials to the weight of water in step (5) is 1:7-1:9, and the decoction time is 1-1.5 hours; the concentration in step (6) is to a relative density of 1.07-1.12, and the sieve mesh size is 80-100 mesh.

7. The use of a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens according to any one of claims 1-4 in the preparation of feed, feed additives, or drinking water additives.

8. The application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens according to claim 7 in the preparation of feed, characterized in that, The traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating coccidiosis in chickens is added to feed at a dosage of 5-15 kg / ton of feed when administered by mixing.

9. The application according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the preparation of at least one of the following: feed, feed additive, or drinking water additive for the treatment of coccidiosis in chickens.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that: The anticoccidial agent is effective against Eimeria tenella; The coccidiosis in chickens mentioned refers to coccidiosis caused by Eimeria tenella.

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