Fabricated lining structure for electric power tunnel and lining structure construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a fabricated lining structure for an electric power tunnel and a lining structure construction method, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction. The fabricated lining structure comprises a plurality of prefabricated pipe pieces, a plurality of splicing mechanisms and a plurality of grouting mechanisms; the multiple prefabricated pipe pieces are connected end to end along the inner circumference of the power tunnel, and the side, facing the inner wall of the power tunnel, of each prefabricated pipe piece is connected with the inner wall of the power tunnel so as to form an annular supporting structure matched with the inner wall of the power tunnel. The multiple splicing mechanisms correspond to the multiple prefabricated pipe pieces correspondingly, and each splicing mechanism is located between every two adjacent prefabricated pipe pieces. The splicing mechanism is used for fixing two adjacent prefabricated pipe pieces; the multiple grouting mechanisms correspond to the multiple prefabricated pipe pieces correspondingly, and each grouting mechanism is arranged at the joint of every two adjacent prefabricated pipe pieces. According to the fabricated lining structure for the electric power tunnel and the lining structure construction method, rapid assembly and long-acting water prevention can be achieved, the supporting construction period is greatly shortened, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, and more specifically, relates to a prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels and a construction method for the lining structure. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel lining is a permanent support structure in tunnel engineering that supports the surrounding rock, prevents collapse, resists groundwater infiltration, and provides a stable internal space. As the core barrier of the tunnel, its performance directly affects the safety and lifespan of the project. In the field of power engineering, power tunnels, as key carriers of urban underground power grids, require their lining structures to simultaneously meet the special requirements of high stability, strong sealing, and durability. They must withstand complex geological pressures to maintain structural stability, effectively block groundwater infiltration to protect cables from moisture erosion, and resist chemical corrosion in the underground environment to ensure long-term reliable operation. They are an important infrastructure for ensuring the safe and stable operation of power transmission systems.

[0003] Traditional power tunnel lining structures often employ on-site concrete casting construction techniques. The specific process is as follows: First, after excavating the tunnel using a shield tunneling or mining method, initial support such as shotcrete, anchor bolts, and steel mesh is immediately applied to temporarily stabilize the surrounding rock. Subsequently, combined steel or wooden formwork is manually or mechanically installed inside the initial support, precisely calibrated to ensure tunnel clearance. Then, a steel reinforcement cage is tied or welded inside the formwork to enhance the strength of the lining structure. Next, concrete is pumped into the formwork and vibrated to ensure compaction. Afterward, it needs to be cured for 7 to 14 days under specific temperature and humidity conditions until the concrete strength reaches the design requirements before the formwork can be removed. Finally, waterproofing treatment is carried out on the circumferential and longitudinal construction joints generated by segmented casting, including the installation of waterstops and the application of waterproof coatings.

[0004] Although traditional construction methods are widely used, they are no longer sufficient to meet the demands of modern cities for efficient, high-quality, and environmentally friendly engineering in actual projects. On the one hand, the construction cycle is long and inefficient, with complicated procedures. From formwork installation and rebar tying to concrete curing, each stage relies heavily on manual labor and is easily affected by factors such as weather and material supply, making continuous operation difficult. The construction cycle for a single ring lining often lasts for several days, significantly extending the overall construction period of long-distance power tunnels and making it impossible to quickly respond to the urgent needs of urban power grid expansion. On the other hand, the waterproofing effect is poor and the hidden dangers are prominent. On-site pouring inevitably produces a large number of construction joints. Uncertainties in manual operation, such as deviations in the installation of waterstops and insufficient compaction of concrete, can easily make the joints weak points for groundwater leakage. At the same time, the mix proportion and slump control of on-site mixed concrete are difficult. If the vibration is insufficient or the curing is improper, defects such as honeycomb, pitting, and cracks can easily occur, further reducing the impermeability of the lining and seriously threatening the safe operation of cables in the power tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a prefabricated lining structure and a construction method for the lining structure for power tunnels, so as to solve the problems of long construction period, low efficiency, poor waterproofing effect and prominent leakage risk in the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: A prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels is provided, comprising: Multiple prefabricated segments are connected end to end along the inner perimeter of the power tunnel, and the side of each prefabricated segment facing the inner wall of the power tunnel is connected to the inner wall of the power tunnel to form a ring support structure that matches the inner wall of the power tunnel. Multiple assembly mechanisms correspond to multiple precast tunnel segments, and each assembly mechanism is positioned between two adjacent precast tunnel segments; the assembly mechanism is used to fix two adjacent precast tunnel segments; and Multiple grouting mechanisms are provided, each corresponding to one of the precast segments, and each grouting mechanism is located at the joint of two adjacent precast segments; the grouting mechanism is used to inject waterproof grout into the joint of two adjacent precast segments.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the assembly mechanism includes: A tenon and mortise mechanism, disposed between two adjacent precast segments, is provided to geometrically bind the two adjacent precast segments together; and A locking mechanism is provided between two adjacent precast segments; when two adjacent precast segments are connected, the locking mechanism is adapted to lock the positions of the two precast segments.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the mortise and tenon mechanism includes: A tenon is disposed at one end of the precast tube segment along the arrangement direction of the precast tube segments; and A mortise is provided at the other end of the precast segment; When two adjacent precast segments are joined, the tenon is adapted to be embedded in the mortise to fix the two adjacent precast segments radially along the power tunnel.

[0009] In one possible implementation, along the arrangement direction of the precast segments, each precast segment has multiple tenons and multiple mortises at both ends, and the multiple tenons and multiple mortises are arranged alternately along the thickness direction of the precast segments; the tenons and mortises on two adjacent precast segments correspond to each other; Wherein, when two adjacent precast segments are joined, the tenon at the end of each precast segment is adapted to be embedded in the mortise at the end of the other precast segment.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the locking mechanism includes: Multiple insert rods are spaced apart within the mortise along the width direction of the precast segment, and the axial direction of each insert rod is perpendicular to the end face of the precast segment; and Multiple slots are spaced apart on the tenon along the width direction of the precast tube segment, and the axial direction of each slot is perpendicular to the end face of the precast tube segment; the multiple slots correspond one-to-one with the multiple insertion rods, and each slot is provided with a snap-fit ​​component; When two adjacent precast segments are connected, each of the insert rods is adapted to be inserted into the corresponding slot, and the snap-fit ​​member is adapted to lock the insert rod in the slot.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the end of the insert facing away from the mortise has a coaxially arranged ball head.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the snap-fit ​​member includes: A ring-shaped retaining ring is coaxially fixed in the slot, and the inner peripheral wall of the ring-shaped retaining ring has a plurality of cards spaced apart along the circumferential direction; A gasket, coaxially slidably connected within the slot, and the gasket being located between the annular retaining ring and the inner bottom surface of the slot; and A compression spring is disposed within the slot, with its two ends respectively connected to the inner bottom surface of the gasket and the slot; the compression spring is adapted to drive the gasket to move toward the annular retaining ring; When the insert rod is inserted into the corresponding slot, the ball head on the insert rod is adapted to pass through the annular retaining ring after pushing away multiple cards; after passing through the annular retaining ring, the ball head is adapted to push the pad toward the inner bottom surface of the slot, and the compression spring is adapted to accumulate elastic potential energy to drive the pad toward the annular retaining ring; The card is capable of bending and deforming under the push of the ball head, and the bent card is adapted to abut against the root of the ball head; the ball head is adapted to remain locked under the abutment of the card and the force of the compression spring.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the grouting mechanism includes: Grouting ducts, with their inlets located on the side of the precast segment facing away from the inner wall of the power tunnel, and their outlets located on the side of the precast segment facing the adjacent precast segment; and Two exhaust channels are respectively provided on both sides of the grouting channel along the width direction of the precast segment. The air inlet is opened on the side of the precast segment facing the adjacent precast segment, and the exhaust outlet is opened on the side of the precast segment facing away from the inner wall of the power tunnel. In this process, by injecting waterproof slurry into the grouting channel, the waterproof slurry can fill the gap between two adjacent precast segments, and the gas and excess waterproof slurry in the gap can be discharged through the venting channel.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the inlet of the grouting channel adopts a conical structure.

[0015] In this embodiment, multiple prefabricated segments, prefabricated in the factory, are first transported to the power tunnel construction site. Then, inside the tunnel, these prefabricated segments are sequentially spliced ​​together along the inner circumference of the tunnel, so that the side of each prefabricated segment facing the inner wall of the tunnel is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the tunnel, forming a ring-shaped support structure that matches the inner wall of the tunnel. Next, multiple assembly mechanisms corresponding to the prefabricated segments are used to fix two adjacent prefabricated segments together, ensuring the overall stability of the ring-shaped support structure. Finally, waterproof grout is injected into the joint of the adjacent prefabricated segments by a grouting mechanism, completing the installation of the entire lining structure.

[0016] The prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided in this application, compared with existing technologies, utilizes factory prefabrication of precast segments, enabling strict quality control and reducing uncertainties in on-site construction. Simultaneously, the on-site assembly method significantly shortens the construction cycle and improves construction efficiency. The assembly mechanism effectively fixes adjacent precast segments, enhancing the overall stability and load-bearing capacity of the lining structure, allowing it to better withstand ground pressure. The grouting mechanism, designed to inject waterproof grout at joints, specifically addresses the leakage problem at joints in traditional on-site cast-in-place lining structures, significantly improving the waterproof performance of the lining structure and ensuring the safe operation of cables inside the power tunnel. Furthermore, the prefabricated construction method reduces on-site concrete pouring and curing processes, lowering on-site dust and noise pollution, and better meeting the environmental and efficiency requirements of modern engineering.

[0017] The technical solution adopted in this application also provides a lining structure construction method, including the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels proposed in any of the foregoing claims.

[0018] The technical solution adopted in this application also provides a lining structure construction method, which, based on any of the foregoing contents, includes the following steps for the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels: A. Based on the design parameters of the power tunnel, prefabricate multiple prefabricated segments that meet the size requirements, ensuring that the side of each prefabricated segment facing the inner wall of the power tunnel matches the contour of the inner wall of the power tunnel; B. Two adjacent precast segments are fixedly connected together by the assembly mechanism between them; C. Connect multiple prefabricated segments end to end along the inner perimeter of the power tunnel, and ensure that the side of each prefabricated segment facing the inner wall of the power tunnel is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the power tunnel to form a ring support structure; D. Waterproof grout is injected into the joint between two adjacent precast segments through the grouting mechanism to fill the joint gap and complete the waterproof sealing treatment of the lining structure.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the lining structure construction method provided in this embodiment are the same as those of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A front view schematic diagram of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A front view schematic diagram of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 (Some structures are omitted for clarity) Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side view of the precast segment structure used in an embodiment of the present invention; The following are the labeling elements in the figure: 1. Precast tunnel segments; 2. Mortise and tenon mechanism; 21. Tenon; 22. Mortise; 3. Locking mechanism; 31. Insert rod; 311. Ball head; 32. Slot; 4. Snap-fit ​​component; 41. Ring retainer; 411. Clip; 42. Gasket; 43. Compression spring; 5. Grouting mechanism; 51. Grouting channel; 511. Conical structure; 52. Vent channel. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 4 The present application describes the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels and its construction method. The prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels includes multiple precast segments 1, multiple assembly mechanisms, and multiple grouting mechanisms 5.

[0027] Multiple precast tunnel segments 1 are connected end to end along the inner perimeter of the power tunnel, and the side of each precast tunnel segment 1 facing the inner wall of the power tunnel is connected to the inner wall of the power tunnel to form a ring support structure that matches the inner wall of the power tunnel. Workers can precast multiple arc-shaped tunnel segments according to parameters such as the inner diameter and curvature of the power tunnel to ensure that the side of the tunnel segment facing the inner wall of the tunnel is perfectly matched with the tunnel outline.

[0028] Multiple assembly mechanisms correspond to multiple precast tunnel segments 1, and each assembly mechanism is located between two adjacent precast tunnel segments 1; the assembly mechanism is used to fix two adjacent precast tunnel segments 1. The overall lining is decomposed into precast tunnel segments 1, and the assembly mechanism is used to achieve rapid assembly, replacing the traditional on-site cast-in-place monolithic lining.

[0029] Multiple grouting mechanisms 5 correspond to multiple precast tunnel segments 1, and each grouting mechanism 5 is located at the joint of two adjacent precast tunnel segments 1. The grouting mechanism 5 is used to inject waterproof grout into the joint of two adjacent precast tunnel segments 1. The ring support structure provides mechanical support for the tunnel surrounding rock, and the grouting mechanism 5 achieves waterproof sealing by filling the joint, ensuring the safety of the tunnel structure and the operating environment of internal equipment (such as cables).

[0030] For power tunnels with non-circular cross-sections (such as horseshoe-shaped or rectangular), prefabricated segments 1 of corresponding shapes are designed, and the assembly mechanism is adjusted to adapt to the irregular cross-section.

[0031] In this embodiment, multiple prefabricated segments 1, prefabricated in the factory, are first transported to the power tunnel construction site. Then, inside the tunnel, these prefabricated segments 1 are spliced ​​together end to end along the inner circumference of the tunnel, so that the side of each prefabricated segment 1 facing the inner wall of the tunnel is tightly attached to the inner wall of the tunnel, forming a ring support structure that matches the inner wall of the tunnel. Next, multiple assembly mechanisms corresponding to the prefabricated segments 1 are used to fix two adjacent prefabricated segments 1 together to ensure the overall stability of the ring support structure. Finally, waterproof grout is injected into the joint through the grouting mechanism 5 set at the joint of adjacent prefabricated segments 1, completing the installation of the entire lining structure.

[0032] The prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided in this application embodiment, compared with the prior art, adopts a factory prefabrication method for the precast segments 1, which can strictly control production quality, reduce the uncertainty of on-site construction, and significantly shorten the construction cycle and improve construction efficiency through on-site assembly. The assembly mechanism can effectively fix adjacent precast segments 1, enhancing the overall stability and load-bearing capacity of the lining structure, enabling it to better withstand ground pressure. The grouting mechanism 5, designed to inject waterproof grout at the joints, specifically solves the problem of easy leakage at joints in traditional on-site cast-in-place lining structures, significantly improving the waterproof performance of the lining structure and ensuring the safe operation of cables inside the power tunnel; in addition, the prefabricated construction method reduces on-site concrete pouring and curing processes, reduces on-site dust and noise pollution, and is more in line with the environmental protection and efficiency requirements of modern engineering.

[0033] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided by the present invention, the assembly mechanism includes a tenon and mortise mechanism 2 and a locking mechanism 3.

[0034] The tenon and mortise mechanism 2 is set between two adjacent precast segments 1. The tenon and mortise mechanism 2 can constrain the two adjacent precast segments 1 together through geometric structure.

[0035] The locking mechanism 3 is disposed between two adjacent precast segments 1; when two adjacent precast segments 1 are connected, the locking mechanism 3 is adapted to lock the position of the two precast segments 1.

[0036] The mortise and tenon structure uses the interlocking geometry to limit the radial separation of the segments, while the locking mechanism 3 limits the axial sliding of the segments through mechanical clamping. The combination of the two achieves the dual function of positioning and fixing.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the synergistic effect of the tenon and mortise mechanism 2 and the locking mechanism 3 significantly enhances the resistance to pull-out and shear forces compared to a single bolt connection, preventing the precast tunnel segments 1 from separating under surrounding rock pressure. The tenon and mortise structure allows for rapid positioning, and the locking mechanism 3 is simple to operate without complex tools, reducing the difficulty of on-site construction.

[0038] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided by the present invention, the mortise and tenon mechanism 2 includes a tenon 21 and a mortise 22.

[0039] The tenon 21 is provided at one end of the precast segment 1 along the arrangement direction of the precast segment 1. The mortise 22 is provided at the other end of the precast segment 1.

[0040] When two adjacent precast segments 1 are joined together, the tenon 21 is adapted to be embedded in the mortise 22 to fix the two adjacent precast segments 1 along the radial direction of the power tunnel.

[0041] Tenons 21 and mortises 22 are machined at both ends of the precast segment 1 to ensure dimensional matching. During assembly, the tenon 21 of one precast segment 1 is aligned with the mortises 22 of the other precast segment 1, and the precast segment 1 is pushed along the tunnel circumferentially so that the tenon 21 is fully embedded in the mortises 22.

[0042] After the tenon 21 is inserted into the mortise 22, the side contact of the concave and convex structure restricts the separation of the precast segment 1 along the tunnel radial direction (i.e., the direction perpendicular to the tunnel axis), preventing the segment from deforming outward under the pressure of the surrounding rock.

[0043] Drawing inspiration from the mortise and tenon joints of traditional wooden architecture, a three-dimensional interlocking interface was designed. This structure connects adjacent lining blocks into a unified whole through the interlocking of tenons 21 and mortises 22. Its core principle utilizes the geometric constraints and frictional effects generated by the Z-shaped profile to effectively transfer the load to adjacent precast segments 1 when they bear the pressure of the tunnel surrounding rock, transforming it into clamping force at the joint. This enhances the joint's shear and bending resistance and overall stability, reducing reliance on a large amount of additional steel.

[0044] This structure, through precise interlocking of concave and convex parts, forms a long and tortuous physical contact interface between the prefabricated segments 1, essentially creating multiple waterproof barriers that are difficult to penetrate directly. Its mechanical principle lies in converting external loads into compressive forces on the joint surfaces through geometric constraints, which not only enhances the overall structural integrity but also naturally improves the density of the joints. Simultaneously, by sequentially employing high-performance epoxy resin grouting and flexible waterproof membrane covering at the assembled Z-shaped joints, a reliable sealing system combining rigidity and flexibility, and internal and external synergy, can be formed, completely eliminating leakage channels.

[0045] By adopting the above technical solutions, this design significantly reduces complex procedures such as on-site welding, reinforcement binding, formwork erection, and concrete curing time, thereby significantly improving assembly efficiency, shortening the exposure time of the surrounding rock, and enhancing construction safety.

[0046] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided by the present invention, each prefabricated segment 1 is provided with multiple tenons 21 and multiple mortises 22 at both ends along the arrangement direction of the prefabricated segments 1, and the multiple tenons 21 and multiple mortises 22 are arranged alternately along the thickness direction of the prefabricated segments 1; the tenons 21 and mortises 22 on two adjacent prefabricated segments 1 correspond to each other.

[0047] When two adjacent precast segments 1 are connected, the tenon 21 at the end of each precast segment 1 is adapted to be embedded in the mortise 22 at the end of the other precast segment 1, forming an interlocking connection.

[0048] The alternating arrangement of multiple tenons 21 and mortises 22 changes the contact area of ​​adjacent precast segments 1 from line contact to surface contact, which can disperse stress concentration and improve the overall rigidity of the connection.

[0049] By adopting the above technical solution, the staggered tenons 21 and mortises 22 can effectively resist the shear force in the tunnel circumferential direction (such as the shear force generated by uneven settlement of the surrounding rock), reducing the risk of joint cracking.

[0050] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided by the present invention, the locking mechanism 3 includes multiple insert rods 31 and multiple slots 32.

[0051] Multiple insert rods 31 are spaced apart in the groove 22 along the width direction of the precast segment 1, and the axial direction of each insert rod 31 is perpendicular to the end face of the precast segment 1.

[0052] Multiple slots 32 are spaced apart on the tenon 21 along the width direction of the precast segment 1, and the axial direction of each slot 32 is perpendicular to the end face of the precast segment 1; the multiple slots 32 correspond one-to-one with the multiple inserts 31, and each slot 32 is provided with a snap-fit ​​component 4.

[0053] When two adjacent precast segments 1 are connected, each insert rod 31 is adapted to be inserted into the corresponding slot 32, and the locking member 4 is adapted to lock the insert rod 31 in the slot 32.

[0054] When the tenon 21 is inserted into the mortise 22, the insert rod 31 in the mortise 22 is simultaneously inserted into the slot 32 of the tenon 21. After the insert rod 31 is inserted into the slot 32, the locking member 4 (such as the elastic card 411) in the slot 32 automatically locks the insert rod 31 to prevent it from coming out.

[0055] By utilizing the cooperation between the insertion rod 31 and the slot 32, the passive geometric constraint of the tenon and mortise is upgraded to an active mechanical lock, and the self-locking of the insertion rod 31 is achieved through the elastic deformation of the snap-fit ​​component 4.

[0056] By adopting the above technical solution, the snap-fit ​​component 4 can withstand axial tensile force, preventing the tunnel segments from separating during longitudinal displacement of the tunnel (such as under earthquake action), thus improving the seismic performance of the structure. The insertion rod 31 automatically locks after insertion, eliminating the need for additional manual operation and reducing on-site labor intensity.

[0057] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided by the present invention, the end of the insertion rod 31 facing away from the mortise 22 has a ball head 311 coaxially arranged.

[0058] The curved surface of the ball head 311 can guide the insertion rod 31 to be smoothly inserted into the slot 32, avoiding the end of the insertion rod 31 from getting stuck between the cards 411 due to angular deviation; at the same time, the point contact between the ball head 311 and the card 411 can reduce frictional resistance and make the insertion smoother.

[0059] By adopting the above technical solution, the guiding effect of the ball head 311 improves the success rate of inserting the rod 31 into the slot 32 and avoids rework caused by the rod 31 getting stuck; at the same time, it can also reduce the hard contact wear between the rod 31 and the card 411 and reduce the maintenance frequency of the locking mechanism 3.

[0060] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided by the present invention, the snap-fit ​​component 4 includes an annular snap ring 41, a gasket 42, and a compression spring 43.

[0061] The annular retaining ring 41 is coaxially fixed in the slot 32, and the inner peripheral wall of the annular retaining ring 41 has a plurality of cards 411 arranged at intervals along the circumference.

[0062] The gasket 42 is slidably connected to the slot 32 on the same axis, and the gasket 42 is located between the annular retaining ring 41 and the inner bottom surface of the slot 32.

[0063] A compression spring 43 is disposed in the slot 32, and its two ends are respectively connected to the inner bottom surface of the pad 42 and the slot 32; the compression spring 43 is adapted to drive the pad 42 to move toward the annular retaining ring 41.

[0064] When the insert rod 31 is inserted into the corresponding slot 32, the ball head 311 on the insert rod 31 is adapted to pass through the annular retaining ring 41 after pushing away multiple cards 411; after passing through the annular retaining ring 41, the ball head 311 is adapted to push the pad 42 toward the inner bottom surface of the slot 32, and the compression spring 43 is adapted to accumulate elastic potential energy to drive the pad 42 toward the annular retaining ring 41.

[0065] The card 411 can be bent and deformed under the push of the ball head 311, and the bent card 411 is adapted to abut against the root of the ball head 311; the ball head 311 is adapted to remain locked under the abutment of the card 411 and the force of the compression spring 43.

[0066] When the ball head 311 of the insert rod 31 contacts the card 411 of the annular retaining ring 41, the card 411 is compressed and bent, allowing the ball head 311 to pass through. After the ball head 311 passes through the card 411, it pushes the washer 42 to compress the compression spring 43, and the compression spring 43 accumulates elastic potential energy; at the same time, the bent card 411 rebounds and abuts against the base of the ball head 311, and the rebound force of the compression spring 43 pushes the washer 42 to hold the ball head 311 in place, achieving double locking.

[0067] The elastic deformation of the card 411 enables one-way passage. The ball head 311 can enter but cannot exit. Combined with the rebound force of the compression spring 43, the ball head 311 is tightly pressed between the card 411 and the pad 42, forming a mechanical jamming and elastic pre-tightening locking state.

[0068] By adopting the above technical solution, the dual locking mechanism of card 411 snap-fit ​​and spring pre-tightening can resist strong vibration or impact, ensuring the long-term reliability of the precast segment 1 connection.

[0069] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided by the present invention, the grouting mechanism 5 includes grouting channels 51 and two venting channels 52.

[0070] The inlet of the grouting channel 51 is located on the side of the precast segment 1 facing away from the inner wall of the power tunnel, and the outlet of the grouting channel 51 is located on the side of the precast segment 1 facing the adjacent precast segment 1.

[0071] Two exhaust channels 52 are respectively set on both sides of the grouting channel 51 along the width direction of the precast segment 1. The air inlet is opened on the side of the precast segment 1 facing the adjacent precast segment 1, and the exhaust outlet is opened on the side of the precast segment 1 facing away from the inner wall of the power tunnel.

[0072] In this process, by injecting waterproof slurry into the grouting channel 51, the waterproof slurry can fill the gap between two adjacent precast segments 1, and the gas and excess waterproof slurry in the gap can be discharged through the venting channel 52.

[0073] Connect the grouting pipe to the inlet of the grouting channel 51 of the precast segment 1, and inject waterproof grout (such as high-performance epoxy resin, polyurethane, or cement-based penetrating crystalline grout) into the grouting channel 51 using a grouting pump. The waterproof grout flows into the joint of the precast segment 1 from the outlet. Air in the joint is discharged through the venting channels 52 on both sides. When grout flows out of the venting channels 52, stop grouting to ensure that the gap is completely filled.

[0074] Grouting channel 51 provides a pressure delivery channel for grout, and venting channels 52 on both sides balance the air pressure in the joint to prevent the grout from forming voids due to air retention; excess grout overflows through venting channels 52, allowing for a direct assessment of whether the filling is full.

[0075] By adopting the above technical solution, the grout completely fills the joints, forming a continuous waterproof barrier that effectively prevents groundwater from seeping into the tunnel. The overflow of grout from the vent 52 provides a direct indication of the filling effect, avoiding subjective errors associated with manual inspection.

[0076] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As a specific embodiment of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels provided by the present invention, the inlet of the grouting channel 51 adopts a conical structure 511.

[0077] When the grouting pipe is connected to the conical inlet, the inner wall of the conical structure 511 guides the grouting pipe to quickly align with the grouting channel 51, and the connection can be completed without precise angle adjustment.

[0078] The large opening of the conical structure 511 facilitates the insertion of the grouting pipe, and the inclined surface of the inner wall can automatically correct minor deviations of the grouting pipe; at the same time, the larger contact area between the conical surface and the grouting pipe improves the connection sealing and reduces grout leakage during the grouting process.

[0079] By adopting the above technical solution, the tapered inlet reduces the precision requirements for grout pipe connection, allowing even non-professionals to complete the operation quickly and saving construction time. It also reduces downtime for adjustments due to connection deviations, ensuring a continuous and stable grouting process and increasing the grouting filling speed.

[0080] The technical solution adopted in this application also provides a lining structure construction method, based on any of the foregoing prefabricated lining structures for power tunnels, including the following steps: A. Based on the design parameters of the power tunnel, prefabricate multiple prefabricated segments 1 that meet the size requirements, ensuring that the side of each prefabricated segment 1 facing the inner wall of the power tunnel matches the outline of the inner wall of the power tunnel.

[0081] B. Two adjacent precast segments 1 are fixedly connected together by the assembly mechanism between them.

[0082] C. Connect multiple precast segments 1 end to end along the inner perimeter of the power tunnel, and ensure that the side of each precast segment 1 facing the inner wall of the power tunnel is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the power tunnel to form a ring support structure.

[0083] D. Waterproof grout is injected into the joint between two adjacent precast segments 1 through the grouting mechanism 5 to fill the joint gap and complete the waterproof sealing treatment of the lining structure.

[0084] The beneficial effects of the lining structure construction method provided in this embodiment are the same as those of the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels, characterized in that, include: Multiple prefabricated segments are connected end to end along the inner perimeter of the power tunnel, and each prefabricated segment is connected to the inner wall of the power tunnel to form a ring support structure that matches the inner wall of the power tunnel. Multiple assembly mechanisms are provided, each corresponding to one of the precast segments, and each assembly mechanism is located between two adjacent precast segments; the assembly mechanism is used to fix two adjacent precast segments. as well as Multiple grouting mechanisms are provided, each corresponding to one of the precast segments, and each grouting mechanism is located at the joint of two adjacent precast segments; the grouting mechanism is used to inject waterproof grout into the joint of two adjacent precast segments.

2. The prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly mechanism includes: A tenon and mortise mechanism, disposed between two adjacent precast segments, is provided to geometrically bind the two adjacent precast segments together; and A locking mechanism is provided between two adjacent precast segments; when two adjacent precast segments are connected, the locking mechanism is adapted to lock the positions of the two precast segments.

3. The prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The tenon and mortise mechanism includes: A tenon is disposed at one end of the precast tube segment along the arrangement direction of the precast tube segments; and A mortise is provided at the other end of the precast segment; When two adjacent precast segments are joined, the tenon is adapted to be embedded in the mortise to fix the two adjacent precast segments radially along the power tunnel.

4. The prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Along the arrangement direction of the precast segments, each precast segment has multiple tenons and multiple mortises at both ends, and the multiple tenons and multiple mortises are arranged alternately along the thickness direction of the precast segment; the tenons and mortises on two adjacent precast segments correspond to each other; Wherein, when two adjacent precast segments are joined, the tenon at the end of each precast segment is adapted to be embedded in the mortise at the end of the other precast segment.

5. The prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The locking mechanism includes: Multiple insert rods are spaced apart within the mortise along the width direction of the precast segment, and the axial direction of each insert rod is perpendicular to the end face of the precast segment; and Multiple slots are spaced apart on the tenon along the width direction of the precast tube segment, and the axial direction of each slot is perpendicular to the end face of the precast tube segment; the multiple slots correspond one-to-one with the multiple insertion rods, and each slot is provided with a snap-fit ​​component; When two adjacent precast segments are connected, each of the insert rods is adapted to be inserted into the corresponding slot, and the snap-fit ​​member is adapted to lock the insert rod in the slot.

6. The prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the insertion rod facing away from the mortise has a ball head arranged coaxially.

7. The prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​component includes: A ring-shaped retaining ring is coaxially fixed in the slot, and the inner peripheral wall of the ring-shaped retaining ring has a plurality of cards spaced apart along the circumferential direction; A gasket, coaxially slidably connected within the slot, and the gasket being located between the annular retaining ring and the inner bottom surface of the slot; and A compression spring is disposed within the slot, with its two ends respectively connected to the inner bottom surface of the gasket and the slot; the compression spring is adapted to drive the gasket to move toward the annular retaining ring; When the insert rod is inserted into the corresponding slot, the ball head on the insert rod is adapted to pass through the annular retaining ring after pushing away multiple cards; after passing through the annular retaining ring, the ball head is adapted to push the pad toward the inner bottom surface of the slot, and the compression spring is adapted to accumulate elastic potential energy to drive the pad toward the annular retaining ring; The card is capable of bending and deforming under the push of the ball head, and the bent card is adapted to abut against the root of the ball head; the ball head is adapted to remain locked under the abutment of the card and the force of the compression spring.

8. The prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting mechanism includes: Grouting ducts, with their inlets located on the side of the precast segment facing away from the inner wall of the power tunnel, and their outlets located on the side of the precast segment facing the adjacent precast segment; and Two exhaust channels are respectively provided on both sides of the grouting channel along the width direction of the precast segment. The air inlet is opened on the side of the precast segment facing the adjacent precast segment, and the exhaust outlet is opened on the side of the precast segment facing away from the inner wall of the power tunnel. In this process, by injecting waterproof slurry into the grouting channel, the waterproof slurry can fill the gap between two adjacent precast segments, and the gas and excess waterproof slurry in the gap can be discharged through the venting channel.

9. The prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The inlet of the grouting channel adopts a conical structure.

10. A method for constructing a lining structure, based on the prefabricated lining structure for power tunnels according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A. Based on the design parameters of the power tunnel, prefabricate multiple prefabricated segments that meet the size requirements, ensuring that the side of each prefabricated segment facing the inner wall of the power tunnel matches the contour of the inner wall of the power tunnel; B. Two adjacent precast segments are fixedly connected together by the assembly mechanism between them; C. Connect multiple prefabricated segments end to end along the inner perimeter of the power tunnel, and ensure that the side of each prefabricated segment facing the inner wall of the power tunnel is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the power tunnel to form a ring support structure; D. Waterproof grout is injected into the joint between two adjacent precast segments through the grouting mechanism to fill the joint gap and complete the waterproof sealing treatment of the lining structure.

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