Throttle orifice plate and angle valve

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of valves for controlling fluid, and discloses a throttling orifice plate and an angle valve, the throttling orifice plate is fixedly mounted in a throttling area of an outlet pipeline of the angle valve; the throttling orifice plate is the same as the flow channel section of the outlet pipeline in shape and size, the throttling orifice plate takes a boundary as a reference, a plurality of throttling orifices are respectively arranged above and below the boundary, and the boundary is the horizontal diameter of the throttling orifice plate; the number of the throttling holes above the boundary is larger than that of the throttling holes below the boundary, and meanwhile the hole diameter of the throttling holes above the boundary is smaller than that of the throttling holes below the boundary. Through the design of the throttling orifice plate, the problems that the pressure reduction effect of the angle valve is low and the flow field stability is poor under the working conditions of high pressure difference and high flow speed can be relieved. The angle valve is easy to machine and implement in actual production, and the pressure reduction effect and the flow field stability of the valve can be effectively enhanced on the premise that design and manufacturing of other components of the angle valve are not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of valves for controlling fluids, specifically a throttling orifice plate and an angle valve. Background Technology

[0002] Angle valves, as a common type of valve, are widely used in fluid control systems for liquids and gases. In the field of pressure reducing valves, angle valves, due to their 90-degree angled valve body structure, possess excellent flow control and pressure regulation capabilities, holding an important position in industrial applications. Their working principle involves changing the opening between the valve core and the valve seat to control the flow area of ​​the fluid, thereby achieving flow and pressure regulation. The 90-degree flow path design of the angle valve causes a directional change in the fluid within the valve, which helps guide and distribute the fluid, making it particularly suitable for pipeline layouts with limited installation space. Furthermore, angle valves typically have advantages such as compact structure, good sealing performance, and wear resistance, therefore they are often used in applications requiring a certain level of pressure control precision.

[0003] However, the pressure-reducing effect of angle valves is limited to some extent by their structural design. Because the fluid path of an angle valve changes by 90 degrees, the fluid's kinetic energy is significantly lost during this change. While this helps reduce fluid pressure, for systems requiring high pressure reduction accuracy, the pressure-reducing effect of a single-stage angle valve may not be as good as other more complex pressure-reducing valves, and its pressure-reducing effect may fluctuate under high pressure differential conditions. Furthermore, during the change, the fluid velocity direction undergoes a large angle change, generating additional shear stress. Especially under high-speed flow or high pressure differential conditions, this shear effect often induces turbulence and flow separation, causing large pressure fluctuations and flow instability within the pressure-reducing valve, ultimately leading to reduced control accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, to address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention provides a throttling orifice plate and an angle valve. The design of the throttling orifice plate alleviates the problems of low pressure reduction and poor flow field stability of the angle valve under high pressure differential and high flow velocity conditions. This invention is easy to manufacture and implement in actual production, and effectively enhances the pressure reduction effect and flow field stability of the valve without affecting the design and manufacturing of other components.

[0005] On one hand, the present invention provides a throttling orifice plate, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outlet end of the outlet pipe near the throttling zone of the angle valve or connected to the outlet end; The orifice plate has the same cross-sectional shape and size as the outlet pipe. The orifice plate has several orifices above and below the dividing line, which is the horizontal diameter of the orifice plate. The number of throttling orifices above the dividing line is greater than the number of throttling orifices below the dividing line, and the orifice diameter above the dividing line is smaller than the orifice diameter below the dividing line. The distance between the orifice plate and the valve stem axis of the angle valve in the throttling zone is L, and 1.5D≤L≤3D, where D is the inner diameter of the outlet pipe.

[0006] Optionally, when the orifice plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outlet end of the outlet pipe, the outer diameter of the orifice plate is the same as the inner diameter of the outlet pipe.

[0007] Optionally, the flow channel of the throttling orifice is a curve that approaches the boundary line. The curve is constructed with the center of the cross-section of the orifice channel as the origin of the coordinate system, the axial direction of the orifice plate (i.e., the direction of the main flow of fluid) as the X-axis, and the radial direction of the orifice plate as the Y-axis. The curve equation for the flow channel above the boundary line is: y = - tanh ( µH / D · x ); The curve equation for the flow channel below the boundary line is: y = µH / D · tanh ( µH / D · x ); In the above curve equation, x These are the coordinates on the X-axis. y These are the coordinates on the Y-axis, where -0.5H ≤ x ≤ 0.5H. H For the thickness of the deflector plate, D The outlet pipe diameter is... µ This is the scaling factor.

[0008] Optionally, the distance L between the installation position of the orifice plate in the throttling zone and the valve stem axis of the angle valve is determined by the following formula: ; in Re It is the Reynolds number. m Basic installation threshold, n It is the dynamic compensation value for jet extension.

[0009] m The preferred value is 1.5, through... m Establish a basic safety threshold to ensure that the orifice plate can avoid the strong backflow dead water zone adjacent to the angle valve outlet under any operating condition, thus preventing the most direct physical impact.

[0010] n The preferred value is 0.5, through...n Define a dynamic compensation rate for jet extension to ensure that as the Reynolds number increases, the orifice plate installation position can move backward proportionally to the extension of the high-energy jet core, thus controlling the installation position at the optimal location for eddy diffusion.

[0011] Optionally, the cross-section of the throttling orifice is circular.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention provides an angle valve with an inlet and outlet pipe angle of 90°, and the aforementioned throttling orifice plate is fixedly installed on the outlet pipe of the angle valve.

[0013] The present invention has the following advantages: This invention relates to a throttling orifice plate and an angle valve. By installing an improved throttling orifice plate in the angle valve, the problems of low pressure reduction effect and poor flow field stability under high pressure differential and high flow velocity conditions can be alleviated. After installing the throttling plate, the fluid flow path of the pressure reducing valve can be optimized, the generation of separation zone and eddies can be reduced, and the fluid distribution in the pipeline can be reduced to achieve uniformity, thereby reducing the impact wear on the pipeline wall. In addition, the pressure reduction effect is significant, which can effectively improve the performance of the pressure reducing valve. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional angle valve; Figure 2 This is a flow field velocity contour map of a traditional angle valve; Figure 3 It is the streamline distribution cloud of the flow field of a traditional angle valve; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the orifice plate; Figure 5 This is a side view of the orifice plate. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a throttling orifice; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the angle valve structure after the orifice plate is installed; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the centerline function of the throttling channel; Figure 9 This is a high-speed fluid velocity distribution diagram for a throttle-free angle valve; Figure 10 It has a throttling plate angle valve for high-speed fluid velocity distribution; In the diagram: 100, angle valve; 200, orifice plate; 210, orifice. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0016] In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0017] As described in the background section, the pressure-reducing effect of an angle valve is limited to some extent by its structural design. Because the fluid path of the angle valve changes direction by 90°, the kinetic energy of the fluid is significantly lost during this change. This embodiment uses... Figure 1 Taking the angle valve shown as an example, a detailed explanation of the angle valve and the orifice plate will be provided. The angle valve has a 90° angle between its inlet and outlet pipes, making it a flow-opening valve. Under high pressure differential and high flow velocity conditions, this valve exhibits engineering problems such as large pressure reduction fluctuations, unstable flow field, and reduced control accuracy.

[0018] like Figure 2 As shown, the flow field velocity contour map of the angle valve under a certain operating condition was plotted using numerical calculation methods. After the fluid enters the throttling zone formed by the valve core and valve seat from the inlet pipe, the flow velocity increases due to the reduced flow area. Due to the 90° pipe design structure of the angle valve, the fluid undergoes a large angle deflection. The high-speed fluid, due to inertia, forms a high-speed jet that impacts and converges on the upper wall of the outlet pipe, while the fluid velocity near the lower wall of the pipe is lower.

[0019] like Figure 3 The diagram shows the streamlines of the angle valve. It can be seen that the streamlines are uniformly distributed at the inlet pipe, indicating a relatively stable flow field. Turbulence occurs after the fluid enters the throttling zone. After the fluid deflects and enters the outlet pipe, a large separation zone forms near the lower wall of the pipe, creating vortices and causing localized deterioration in fluid flow stability.

[0020] To address the above problems, this embodiment provides a throttling orifice plate, wherein the throttling orifice is non-uniformly arranged, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, for the aforementioned angle valve, the orifice plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outlet end of the valve's outlet pipe or connected to the outlet end. The outlet pipe diameter of the angle valve is D=46. mm The thickness of the orifice plate is H. When the orifice plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outlet end of the outlet pipe, the outer diameter of the orifice plate is the same as the inner diameter of the outlet pipe. The orifice plate has the same cross-sectional shape and size as the outlet pipe. The orifice plate has several orifices above and below a dividing line, which is the horizontal diameter of the orifice plate. The number of orifices above the dividing line is greater than the number below the dividing line, and the orifice diameter above the dividing line is smaller than the orifice diameter below the dividing line. For example, the radius of the orifice above the dividing line is 3. mm The radius of the throttling orifice below the dividing line is 4. mm Preferably, two rows of throttling orifices are provided above and below the dividing line, wherein the number of throttling orifices in the row closer to the dividing line is greater than the number of throttling orifices in the row farther from the dividing line.

[0021] The thickness H of the throttling orifice plate can be calculated as follows: ; Among them, the largest aperture d max It is the maximum orifice diameter of the orifice plate. k This is a correction factor, with a value range of 0.5 ≤ k ≤1.5.

[0022] In the aforementioned technical features, the thickness H is determined considering the turbulent flow field at the angle valve outlet and the need to withstand a large pressure differential. To balance the effects of throttling and pressure reduction with fluid rectification, based on the parameters of the orifice plate in the example above, this thickness... H The preferred setting is 10. mm Up to 30 mm Furthermore, if the application scenario has high requirements for quiet operation, the thickness... H It can be designed to match the inner diameter of the pipe. D In this case, a longer throttling channel can utilize the frictional effect along the flow path to smooth the pressure drop, thereby reducing noise.

[0023] Unlike conventional thin-walled orifice plates that rely solely on local resistance at the orifice for pressure reduction, the thick plate design in this embodiment utilizes frictional resistance generated as fluid flows through slender channels to share the pressure drop.

[0024] The determined thickness H ensures a gentler pressure gradient as the fluid passes through the orifice plate, preventing severe cavitation caused by abrupt pressure changes over a very short distance. This significantly reduces aerodynamic noise and vibration generated downstream of the valve. Furthermore, considering the 90° bend in the angle valve flow channel, the outlet fluid typically experiences strong vortices and secondary flows. This thickness design allows the orifice plate to function as a tube bundle rectifier, forcing the fluid to eliminate the tangential velocity component and restore axial flow as it passes through the longer orifice. Combined with the aforementioned non-uniform orifice layout, this further optimizes the stability of the downstream flow field.

[0025] like Figure 6 As shown, the orifice plate is fixedly installed at the outlet pipe position near the valve stem.

[0026] For the strong turbulent flow at the outlet of the angle valve, the installation position L of the orifice plate (distance from the valve stem axis) satisfies: 1.5D≤L≤3D. This range is the transition zone of eddy current "core formation → initial expansion". The orifice plate can effectively break up the eddy current, which can be determined by the following formula combined with the Reynolds number (…). Re The specific installation location was then determined.

[0027] ; Where Re is the Reynolds number. m Basic installation threshold, n It is the dynamic compensation value for jet extension.

[0028] m The preferred value is 1.5, through... m Establish a basic safety threshold to ensure that the orifice plate can avoid the strong backflow dead water zone adjacent to the angle valve outlet under any operating condition, thus preventing the most direct physical impact. n The preferred value is 0.5, through... n Define a dynamic compensation rate for jet extension to ensure that as the Reynolds number increases, the orifice plate installation position can move backward proportionally to the extension of the high-energy jet core, thus controlling the installation position at the optimal location for eddy diffusion.

[0029] This technical feature enables adaptive correction of the installation position according to the flow state (Reynolds number), ensuring that the orifice plate is always located in the optimal transition area at the end of the core region of the jet at the outlet of the angle valve. This not only avoids erosion and wear caused by direct bombardment of high-energy jets and significantly extends the equipment life, but also ensures that the orifice plate is in the most efficient position of breaking eddies and rectifying under different operating conditions, thereby achieving optimal noise reduction and flow stabilization performance.

[0030] The orifice plate employs a non-uniform arrangement of throttling orifices with non-uniform diameters, and the cross-section of the orifice channels is circular. Above the boundary line, the flow velocity is high, exhibiting significant high-speed jet impact. Therefore, a greater number of channels and smaller orifice diameters are used to increase local resistance, achieving a deceleration and rectification effect. Below the pipe, the flow velocity is lower, and fewer channels and larger orifice diameters are used to reduce local resistance losses. This technical feature of the orifice plate effectively improves the pressure-reducing capacity of the pressure-reducing valve, allowing the fluid to experience multiple stages of pressure reduction as it passes through the valve, rather than relying solely on the throttling zone formed by the valve core and seat for significant pressure reduction. This effectively reduces instantaneous pressure changes during pressure reduction, minimizing equipment fatigue damage. The non-uniform channel arrangement effectively adapts to the non-uniform distribution of the flow field, resulting in a more uniform and stable downstream fluid distribution.

[0031] The flow channel of the throttling orifice is a curve that approaches the boundary line. This curve can be guided by a curve equation to rectify the flow state of the fluid.

[0032] like Figure 7 As shown, a coordinate system is established with the center of the orifice's central cross-section circle as the origin, the axial direction of the orifice plate (i.e., the direction of the main fluid flow) as the X-axis, and the radial direction of the orifice plate as the Y-axis.

[0033] The curve equation for the orifice above the boundary line is: y = - tanh ( µH / D · x -0.5H≤ x ≤0.5H The curve equation for the orifice flow channel below the boundary line is: y = µH / D · tanh ( µH / D · x ), -0.5H≤x≤0.5H; in H For the thickness of the deflector plate, D The outlet pipe diameter is... µ This is a scaling factor used to control the curvature of the curve. µ The larger the value, the greater the change in the curve's center. Figure 8 The throttling orifice function curve is the research object of this invention, wherein... µ =0.2. Up is the control function curve of the throttling orifice above the throttling plate, and Down is the control function curve of the orifice below the throttling plate.

[0034] The governing equations for this orifice are flat at both ends, facilitating fluid entry and exit. The middle region is linear, creating a velocity within the orifice that propels the fluid towards the center. This is achieved by controlling the scaling factor. µIt can produce geometric characteristics of "rapid change at the center and constant change towards the outside", which helps to avoid sharp curvature concentration and facilitates the processing and flow of stable fluids.

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the modified effects of the present invention, Figure 9 The velocity distribution of high-speed fluid in a non-throttling angle valve shows that after the fluid passes through the throttling zone and enters the outlet pipe, the high-speed fluid is deflected and concentrated above the pipe, resulting in a significantly uneven flow field distribution. Figure 10 The high-speed fluid velocity distribution of the angle valve with a throttling plate shows that after passing through the throttling plate, the high-speed fluid mainly concentrates in the center of the pipe, resulting in a more uniform flow field distribution. This reduces the scouring effect on the upper part of the pipe, effectively rectifying the flow and reducing wear. Furthermore, the pressure in the area after passing through the throttling plate decreases by approximately 26%, further enhancing the pressure reduction effect and increasing the performance and stability of the pressure-reducing valve.

[0036] Therefore, installing the improved throttling plate can optimize the fluid flow path of the angle valve, alleviate the generation of separation zone and eddies, reduce the uneven distribution of fluid in the pipeline, thereby reducing the impact wear on the pipeline wall. In addition, the pressure reduction effect is significant, which can improve the performance of the pressure reducing valve.

[0037] In another embodiment, an angle valve with a throttling orifice plate is also provided, wherein the angle between the inlet and outlet pipes of the angle valve is 90°, and the aforementioned throttling orifice plate is fixedly installed on the outlet pipe of the angle valve. The angle valve has all the functions of the aforementioned throttling orifice plate.

[0038] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A throttling orifice plate, characterized in that: It is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outlet end of the outlet pipe of the angle valve or connected to the outlet end; The orifice plate has the same cross-sectional shape and size as the outlet pipe. The orifice plate has several orifices above and below the dividing line, which is the horizontal diameter of the orifice plate. The number of throttling orifices above the dividing line is greater than the number of throttling orifices below the dividing line, and the orifice diameter above the dividing line is smaller than the orifice diameter below the dividing line. The distance between the orifice plate and the valve stem axis of the angle valve at the installation position of the orifice plate on the outlet pipe is L, and 1.5D≤L≤3D, where D is the inner diameter of the outlet pipe.

2. The orifice plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the orifice plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outlet end of the outlet pipe, the outer diameter of the orifice plate is the same as the inner diameter of the outlet pipe.

3. The orifice plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow channel of the throttling orifice is a curve that approaches the boundary line. The curve is constructed with the center of the cross-section of the orifice channel as the origin, the X-axis along the axial direction of the orifice plate (i.e., the direction of the main flow of fluid) as the X-axis, and the Y-axis along the radial direction of the orifice plate as the Y-axis. The curve equation for the flow channel above the boundary line is: y = - tanh ( µH / D · x )； The curve equation for the flow channel below the boundary line is: y = µH / D · tanh ( µH / D · x )； In the above curve equation, x These are the coordinates on the X-axis. y These are the coordinate values ​​on the Y-axis, -0.5H ≤ x ≤0.5H H For the thickness of the deflector plate, D The outlet pipe diameter is... µ This is the scaling factor.

4. The orifice plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance L between the installation position of the orifice plate in the throttling zone and the valve stem axis of the angle valve is determined by the following formula: ； in Re It is the Reynolds number. m Basic installation threshold, n It is the dynamic compensation value for jet extension.

5. A throttling orifice plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the throttling orifice is circular.

6. An angle valve, wherein the included angle between the inlet and outlet pipes of the angle valve is 90°, characterized in that: A throttling orifice plate as described in any one of claims 1-5 is fixedly installed on the outlet pipe of the angle valve.

Images