Automatic system and method for LC filter insertion loss calculation

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic system and method for LC filter insertion loss calculation, and relates to the technical field of electronic circuit design and signal processing, and the system comprises a parameter input module which is used for configuring a filter order, a first-order element type and source and load complex impedance; the element library management module is used for acquiring complex impedance data of the element under multiple frequency points; the filter circuit library module is used for integrating parameters into a design scheme to be calculated; the insertion loss calculation module analyzes the scheme and constructs a unit ABCD matrix, and generates a total matrix through cascade operation to calculate the insertion loss value of each frequency point; the result display module is used for generating a characteristic curve and a data table. Based on the ABCD matrix cascading theory, the problems that in the prior art, manual calculation is tedious, simulation software modeling is complex, and data management is scattered are solved, and efficient evaluation and parameter optimization of filter design are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of electronic circuit design and signal processing technology, and in particular to an automated system and method for calculating the insertion loss of LC filters. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component in electronic systems for suppressing interference signals and filtering useful signals, the insertion loss characteristics of LC filters directly determine signal transmission efficiency and filtering performance. In the traditional LC filter design process, the calculation of insertion loss mainly relies on the following methods:

[0003] Manual calculation or formula derivation: When engineers need to consider frequency characteristics based on circuit theory (such as ABCD matrix cascade, impedance voltage division principle), they need to calculate insertion loss multiple times. The process is tedious and prone to errors, especially when the filter order is high (such as 3rd order and above), the calculation complexity increases exponentially.

[0004] Simulation software (such as ADS and HFSS): While these software programs can achieve high-precision simulations, they require building complete circuit models, setting complex simulation parameters, and have high hardware requirements. The simulation cycle is long (usually several minutes to several hours), making it difficult to meet the needs of rapid iterative design or on-site parameter adjustments. Furthermore, if the simulation needs to consider the frequency characteristics of the inductor, a precise geometric model of the inductor is required to obtain the properties of the magnetic core material. Obtaining the properties of magnetic core materials is typically difficult; non-inductor manufacturers cannot obtain the electromagnetic characteristic parameters of the magnetic core as a function of frequency. Moreover, building a geometric model results in a complex structure and long computation time.

[0005] Simple calculation tools: Existing tools mostly only support calculations for fixed orders and fixed component parameters, and cannot flexibly adapt to different types of LC filters (such as low-pass, high-pass, series inductor-start / parallel capacitor-start). They also lack component library management, design saving and data synchronization functions, making it difficult to achieve standardization and traceability of the design process.

[0006] Furthermore, in existing technologies, the component parameters (such as the impedance characteristics of inductors and capacitors) and the insertion loss calculation results of LC filters are usually stored separately, making it impossible to achieve the associated management of "component-circuit-result", resulting in low design reusability and high maintenance costs in the later stages. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an automated system and method for calculating the insertion loss of LC filters. This invention solves the problems of LC filter insertion loss calculation technology in the prior art, such as tedious and error-prone manual calculation, complex and time-consuming modeling of professional simulation software and difficulty in obtaining high-frequency characteristics of magnetic cores, and poor topology adaptability of simple tools and lack of data association management, resulting in low design reusability.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0009] An automated system for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter includes:

[0010] The parameter input module is used to configure the filter order and the type of the first-order element, and to receive source impedance parameters and load impedance parameters containing real and imaginary part values.

[0011] The component library management module is used to determine the components corresponding to each order according to the order and provide the component complex impedance data at multiple discrete frequency points;

[0012] The filter circuit library module is used to associate and store the order, the first-order component type, the source impedance parameter, the load impedance parameter, and the component complex impedance data as a design scheme file;

[0013] The insertion loss calculation module is used to parse the filter design scheme to be calculated to construct the corresponding unit ABCD matrix, and generate the total ABCD matrix according to the cascade order defined in the filter design scheme and the unit ABCD matrix, so as to calculate the insertion loss value corresponding to each discrete frequency point.

[0014] The results display module is used to plot the insertion loss characteristic curve and generate a data list based on the insertion loss value.

[0015] An automated method for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter includes:

[0016] Configure the filter order and first-order element type, and receive source impedance parameters and load impedance parameters containing real and imaginary parts.

[0017] Based on the order, determine the corresponding element for each order and provide the element's complex impedance data at multiple discrete frequency points;

[0018] The order, the type of the first-order component, the source impedance parameter, the load impedance parameter, and the complex impedance data of the component are associated and stored as a design scheme file;

[0019] The insertion loss calculation module is used to parse the filter design scheme to be calculated to construct the corresponding unit ABCD matrix, and generate the total ABCD matrix according to the cascade order defined in the filter design scheme and the unit ABCD matrix, so as to calculate the insertion loss value corresponding to each discrete frequency point.

[0020] Plot the insertion loss characteristic curve based on the insertion loss value and generate a data list.

[0021] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0022] This invention provides an automated system and method for calculating the insertion loss of LC filters. By constructing an integrated automated calculation architecture, this invention effectively solves the technical problems of tedious and error-prone manual calculations, complex and time-consuming simulation software modeling, and poor adaptability and fragmented data management in existing technologies. This invention utilizes an ABCD matrix cascade algorithm to achieve rapid automated calculation of the insertion loss of filters of arbitrary order, eliminating the bias of manual derivation. It employs a component impedance model that supports multi-frequency data, accurately reflecting the high-frequency characteristics of inductor cores, etc., without the need for complex geometric models. Simultaneously, through the associated storage mechanism of components and circuit schemes, it breaks down data silos, improving the reusability and traceability of the design. Furthermore, it supports the setting of arbitrary complex source impedance and load impedance, enabling accurate fitting of actual engineering environments under non-ideal 50Ω systems, effectively correcting the deviation between theoretical predictions and actual tests. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This invention provides a schematic diagram of an automated system structure for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter, as illustrated in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 The system main window interface diagram and the schematic diagram of the insertion loss curve of the second-order low-pass filter are provided for embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 A diagram of the component library management dialog box provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the Excel file data structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an automated system for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter, comprising:

[0031] The parameter input module is used to configure the filter order and the type of the first-order element, and to receive source impedance parameters and load impedance parameters containing real and imaginary part values.

[0032] The component library management module is used to determine the components corresponding to each order according to the order and provide the component complex impedance data at multiple discrete frequency points;

[0033] The filter circuit library module is used to associate and store the order, the first-order component type, the source impedance parameter, the load impedance parameter, and the component complex impedance data as a design scheme file;

[0034] The insertion loss calculation module is used to parse the filter design scheme to be calculated to construct the corresponding unit ABCD matrix, and generate the total ABCD matrix according to the cascade order defined in the filter design scheme and the unit ABCD matrix, so as to calculate the insertion loss value corresponding to each discrete frequency point.

[0035] The results display module is used to plot the insertion loss characteristic curve and generate a data list based on the insertion loss value.

[0036] Specifically, the LC filter insertion loss calculation system and method described in this invention are based on the core theoretical foundation of linear two-port network analysis theory, LC element impedance frequency characteristic theory, and the derivation of the insertion loss definition. These three elements together ensure the scientific nature and engineering accuracy of the calculation logic, as detailed below:

[0037] An LC filter is essentially a linear two-port network composed of cascaded linear passive components such as inductors (L) and capacitors (C). The input port (connected to the source impedance Zs) receives the signal, and the output port (connected to the load impedance Zl) transmits the signal. Each component is an independent sub-two-port network, and its electrical characteristics can be quantitatively described by the ABCD matrix (transmission matrix). This is the core theoretical basis for calculating the loss of multi-order filters.

[0038] Definition of the ABCD matrix for a two-port network:

[0039] For any linear two-port network, its input voltage V1, input current I1, and output voltage V2, output current I2 (current flowing into the network) satisfy the following relationship:

[0040] ;

[0041] in, This is the ABCD matrix, and the physical meaning of the matrix parameters is as follows:

[0042] ;

[0043] ;

[0044] ;

[0045] ;

[0046] V1 is the input voltage in volts (V); I1 is the input current in amperes (A); V2 is the output voltage in volts (V); and I2 is the output current in amperes (A).

[0047] When multiple two-port networks are cascaded, the ABCD matrix of the overall network is equal to the product of the ABCD matrices of each subnetwork. That is, if the matrix of network 1 is... The matrix of network 2 is Then the total matrix T after concatenation 总 =T1 T2. This feature is perfectly suited to the "cascaded" topology of LC filters. It can efficiently obtain the overall transmission characteristics of filters of any order by calculating the matrix of each component and then multiplying them, avoiding the complex derivation of equations for the overall circuit.

[0048] The core components of an LC filter are a series inductor and a parallel capacitor. As a basic two-port network, their ABCD matrix can be directly derived through circuit theory and serves as the "basic unit" for constructing the overall filter matrix.

[0049] Series inductor (impedance Z) L =jωL):

[0050] The core characteristic of an inductor is that it "impedes changes in current," and its impedance varies with angular frequency ω=2f. The frequency increases linearly (f is the signal frequency). For an inductor connected in series in the circuit, the input voltage V1 = V2 + Z. L (-I2)(output current -I2 flows through the inductor and generates a voltage drop), input current I1=-I2, substituting into the definition of the ABCD matrix, we can obtain:

[0051] ;

[0052] Parallel inductor (impedance ZC= ):

[0053] The core characteristic of a capacitor is that it "impedes voltage changes." Its impedance decreases in the opposite direction with increasing angular frequency ω. For an inductor connected in parallel between the circuit and ground, with input voltage V1 = V2 and input current... (Voltage of the capacitor shunt portion), substituting into the definition of the ABCD matrix, we get:

[0054] ;

[0055] The above matrix model strictly adheres to the high-frequency electrical characteristics of LC components, ensuring the accuracy of subnetwork modeling. Simultaneously, the matrix form is concise and uniform, allowing for rapid cascade calculations of Nth-order filters through iterative loops (e.g., the total matrix of a second-order low-pass filter with "series L + parallel C" is T). 总 =T 串联L T 并联C ).

[0056] Insertion loss is essentially "power attenuation of a signal as it passes through a filter," and power attenuation is directly related to the impedance of components—the impedance of inductors and capacitors has a significant frequency dependence. This is the physical basis for LC filters to "selectively filter" (such as low-pass filters that allow low-frequency signals to pass through while attenuating high-frequency signals), and it is also the theoretical basis for "multi-frequency point calculation" in this invention.

[0057] Frequency characteristics of inductor impedance:

[0058] The impedance of an inductor consists of DC resistance (real part) and inductive reactance (imaginary part). In engineering applications (especially in the radio frequency band), the DC resistance of an inductor is much smaller than its inductive reactance, and it can be approximated as a purely inductive impedance, expressed as:

[0059] Z L =R L +jωL;

[0060] Where: R L ω is the DC resistance of the inductor (real part, unit Ω), which is determined by the resistivity of the wire, the wire diameter, and the winding process, and is usually small (e.g., in the range of μΩ to Ω); ωL is the inductive reactance (imaginary part, unit Ω), which is proportional to the frequency f (ω=2πf), that is, the higher the frequency, the greater the inductive reactance.

[0061] Frequency characteristics of capacitance impedance:

[0062] The impedance of a capacitor consists of leakage resistance (real part) and capacitive reactance (imaginary part). Similarly, the leakage resistance is usually much larger than the capacitive reactance, and can be approximated as a purely capacitive impedance, expressed as:

[0063] ;

[0064] Where: R CThe leakage resistance of the capacitor (real part, unit Ω) is determined by the dielectric insulation properties and is usually very large (e.g., in the range of MΩ to GΩ). Capacitive reactance (imaginary part, unit Ω) is inversely proportional to frequency f, meaning the higher the frequency, the smaller the capacitive reactance.

[0065] In this invention, the component library management module supports two impedance acquisition methods: "numerical calculation" and "direct input". The former is based on the above theoretical formula and automatically calculates the impedance at multiple frequency points through the component value (L / C); the latter allows input of measured impedance data (such as actual impedance considering parasitic parameters). Both methods take the frequency characteristics of LC components as the core, ensuring the physical rationality of the impedance data.

[0066] Let P0 be the power transmitted from the source signal to the load when there is no passive filter (i.e., the maximum power when the source and load are directly matched), and let P be the power received by the load after the filter is connected. L Then the insertion loss is defined as:

[0067] ;

[0068] Since power is proportional to the square of voltage ( ), or it can be expressed as a voltage ratio:

[0069] ;

[0070] in, The voltage across the load when the filter is in passive mode, V L This is the voltage across the load after the filter is connected.

[0071] Combined with the two-port network model of the LC filter (total ABCD matrix T) 总 = Based on the source / load impedance, the specific formula for calculating insertion loss can be derived, as follows:

[0072] Load voltage V0 when using a passive filter:

[0073] When the source ( , ) and load ( When directly connected, according to the voltage divider principle, the load voltage is:

[0074] ;

[0075] Load voltage after filter connection :

[0076] Access filter (total ABCD matrix T) 总 After that, the voltage relationship of the system is as follows:

[0077] ;

[0078] At the same time, the source constraint relationship is The load constraints are as follows: (current) (The current flows in from the load and is opposite in direction to the current in the two-port network). After transformation, the load voltage can be obtained as:

[0079] ;

[0080] The final form of the insertion loss formula:

[0081] Connect V0 with Substituting the voltage ratio definition of insertion loss, and eliminating the source voltage V s We can then conclude that:

[0082] ;

[0083] The numerator is the complex modulus of the total ABCD matrix and impedance parameters, reflecting the filter's "transmission attenuation capability" for the signal; the denominator is the optimal transmission coefficient when the source and load are matched (ensuring the formula's rationality in impedance matching scenarios); the logarithm and a multiplier of 20 convert the voltage to a dB value, conforming to engineering loss representation conventions. The derivation of this formula is entirely based on linear circuit theory and power transfer laws, without any approximations (except for the selective neglect of component parasitic parameters), ensuring the accuracy and engineering applicability of the insertion loss calculation results.

[0084] The parameter input module relies on the component library management module to provide specific component data. The component library management module independently maintains a database of inductors and capacitors, providing data support for the parameter input module. It can also independently add, delete, and import / export components. The filter circuit library module can save the complete design currently in the parameter input module (including the selection of all components) and can be loaded into the parameter input module later. The loss calculation module relies on the complete design provided by the parameter input module (including impedance data of all components and...). and ) to perform calculations.

[0085] Furthermore, the parameter input module supports setting the filter order from 1 to N; allows selection of "series inductor / parallel capacitor" as the first-order component type; and supports source impedance (…). ), load impedance ( The circuit has separate real and imaginary inputs and a positive real part impedance verification function to ensure that the parameters conform to the physical characteristics of the circuit.

[0086] Component Library Management Module:

[0087] 1) Component addition method: Supports "numerical calculation" (input the nominal value of nH-level inductor and pF-level capacitor, and the system automatically calculates the impedance at multiple frequency points) and "direct input" (manually enter the real and imaginary parts of the impedance at each frequency point).

[0088] 2) Data synchronization function: Supports importing and exporting Excel files, enabling bidirectional synchronization of component data with local files;

[0089] 3) Built-in basic library: It stores commonly used components such as 10nH / 100nH / 1μH inductors and 10pF / 100pF / 1nF capacitors by default, ensuring that design can be carried out directly when there is no external data.

[0090] Filter circuit library module:

[0091] 1) Supports saving the currently configured filter (order, component type, component parameters) as an independent design scheme, automatically generating an Excel file containing "circuit information, component details, and impedance data table" (storage path can be customized);

[0092] 2) Supports loading historical design schemes, automatically restoring filter parameters and component configurations without requiring repeated input;

[0093] 3) Supports the deletion of redundant design schemes and synchronously deletes the corresponding Excel files to avoid wasting storage space.

[0094] Insertion loss calculation module:

[0095] Automated extraction of component impedance data: Obtain the complex impedance of components at various frequency points from the component library or user input. The calculation steps are as follows:

[0096] Obtain the input parameters. The input parameters include the source impedance Zs and the load impedance Z. l And the impedance values ​​of each LC element at multiple discrete frequency points. The source impedance and load impedance are in complex form, denoted as Zi. S =R S +jX S and Z L =R L +jX L The impedance values ​​of each LC element are obtained from the component library or directly input by the user, forming an impedance matrix of order N and number of frequency points M:

[0097] Initialize the total ABCD matrix as an identity matrix. Let the total ABCD matrix be a 2×2 identity matrix.

[0098] According to the filter topology, the ABCD matrix of each LC element is cascaded into the overall ABCD matrix. For a series element (inductor), its ABCD matrix is:

[0099] ;

[0100] Among them, Z i This represents the impedance value of the series element at the current frequency. For a parallel element (capacitor), its ABCD matrix is:

[0101] ;

[0102] Among them, Z i This represents the impedance value of the parallel element at the current frequency. Multiply the ABCD matrix of each element sequentially by the left of the current total ABCD matrix, i.e.:

[0103] ;

[0104] Where N is the number of series elements, M is the number of parallel elements, and N+M equals the filter order.

[0105] Calculate the insertion loss. Based on the ABCD matrix parameters A, B, C, and D obtained in step 4, and the source impedance Zs and load impedance Z... L Calculate the insertion loss IL (in dB) at the current frequency:

[0106] Substitute into the formula Calculate the insertion loss.

[0107] Results display module:

[0108] 1) Graphical display: The insertion loss curve is plotted using a semi-logarithmic coordinate system (X-axis is frequency in MHz, logarithmic scale; Y-axis is insertion loss in dB, linear scale), and the specific values ​​at each frequency point are marked.

[0109] 2) Data table output: Generates a data table corresponding to "frequency-insertion loss", supporting data export and analysis.

[0110] Furthermore, the workflow of the above system is as follows:

[0111] System initialization:

[0112] Start the computing system and automatically load the default inductor library, capacitor library, and fixed frequency points (0.01MHz, 0.015MHz, 0.05MHz, 0.1MHz, 0.5MHz, 1MHz, 5MHz, 10MHz, 30MHz, as needed).

[0113] Parameter configuration:

[0114] a) Set the filter order (e.g., 2nd order) and the first-order component type (e.g., series inductor) in the parameter input module.

[0115] b) Input source impedance (e.g., 50+0iΩ), load impedance (e.g., 50+0iΩ), the system verifies the legality of the impedance in real time.

[0116] Component selection and parameter confirmation:

[0117] a) In the component input table, select the component from the component library for each order of components (or manually input the impedance).

[0118] b) The system automatically fills in the real and imaginary parts of the impedance of the selected components at each frequency point, and supports manual modification and secondary verification.

[0119] Insertion loss calculation:

[0120] a) Click the “Calculate Insertion Loss” button, and the system will extract the impedance data of each type of component;

[0121] b) Construct the ABCD matrix of each element in order of order and cascade them to obtain the total ABCD matrix;

[0122] c) Substitute the values ​​into the insertion loss formula to calculate the insertion loss value at each frequency point.

[0123] Results display and design saving:

[0124] a) The results display module automatically plots the insertion loss curve and data tables;

[0125] b) To save the design, click "Save Current Design", enter the design name, and the system will generate an Excel file containing complete information and add the design to the filter circuit library.

[0126] 6) Design Selection

[0127] a) Click "Filter Circuit Library" and select a historical design scheme;

[0128] b) The system automatically restores the order, component type, and impedance parameters of the scheme, which can be directly used for recalculation or modification and optimization.

[0129] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, after filling in all the input parameters and selecting the components to be used, click "Calculate Insertion Loss" in the function operation. The calculation results below will display the corresponding insertion loss curve and the insertion loss value of the filter at different frequencies.

[0130] like Figure 3 As shown, this demonstrates how to select and add components from the capacitor and inductor component library. First, name the component, then select the addition method to import the added component into the component library, which can then be retrieved in subsequent designs.

[0131] like Figure 4 As shown, the information for the second-order low-pass filter circuit includes the source impedance and load impedance of the circuit, the capacitance value of the capacitors used, the inductance value of the inductors, and the impedance of the corresponding components at different frequencies.

[0132] This embodiment also provides an automated method for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter, comprising:

[0133] Configure the filter order and first-order element type, and receive source impedance parameters and load impedance parameters containing real and imaginary parts.

[0134] Based on the order, determine the corresponding element for each order and provide the element's complex impedance data at multiple discrete frequency points;

[0135] The order, the type of the first-order component, the source impedance parameter, the load impedance parameter, and the complex impedance data of the component are associated and stored as a design scheme file;

[0136] The insertion loss calculation module is used to parse the filter design scheme to be calculated to construct the corresponding unit ABCD matrix, and generate the total ABCD matrix according to the cascade order defined in the filter design scheme and the unit ABCD matrix, so as to calculate the insertion loss value corresponding to each discrete frequency point.

[0137] Plot the insertion loss characteristic curve based on the insertion loss value and generate a data list.

[0138] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0139] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated system for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter, characterized in that, include: The parameter input module is used to configure the filter order and the type of the first-order element, and to receive source impedance parameters and load impedance parameters containing real and imaginary part values. The component library management module is used to determine the components corresponding to each order according to the order and provide the component complex impedance data at multiple discrete frequency points; The filter circuit library module is used to associate and store the order, the first-order component type, the source impedance parameter, the load impedance parameter, and the component complex impedance data as a design scheme file; The insertion loss calculation module is used to parse the filter design scheme to be calculated to construct the corresponding unit ABCD matrix, and generate the total ABCD matrix according to the cascade order defined in the filter design scheme and the unit ABCD matrix, so as to calculate the insertion loss value corresponding to each discrete frequency point. The results display module is used to plot the insertion loss characteristic curve and generate a data list based on the insertion loss value.

2. The automated system for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first-order component types include: Series inductors and parallel capacitors.

3. The automated system for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The component's complex impedance data includes: Frequency characteristics of inductor impedance and frequency characteristics of capacitor impedance.

4. The automated system for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation method for the complex impedance data of the component includes: Numerical calculation formulas and direct input formulas.

5. An automated system for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The expression for the numerical calculation formula is: Z L =R L +jωL; ； Where RL is the DC resistance of the inductor; ωL is the inductive reactance; R C This is the leakage resistance of the capacitor; For capacitive reactance, Z L The frequency response of inductor impedance, Let be the frequency characteristic of the capacitor impedance, and j be the complex unit.

6. An automated system for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expression for the insertion loss value is: ； in, Source impedance; This is the load impedance.

7. An automated method for calculating the insertion loss of an LC filter, comprising: Configure the filter order and first-order element type, and receive source impedance parameters and load impedance parameters containing real and imaginary parts. Based on the order, determine the corresponding element for each order and provide the element's complex impedance data at multiple discrete frequency points; The order, the type of the first-order component, the source impedance parameter, the load impedance parameter, and the complex impedance data of the component are associated and stored as a design scheme file; The insertion loss calculation module is used to parse the filter design scheme to be calculated to construct the corresponding unit ABCD matrix, and generate the total ABCD matrix according to the cascade order defined in the filter design scheme and the unit ABCD matrix, so as to calculate the insertion loss value corresponding to each discrete frequency point. Plot the insertion loss characteristic curve based on the insertion loss value and generate a data list.

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