Miniaturized microstrip antenna for wireless communication

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniaturized microstrip antenna loaded with a periodic umbrella-shaped groove structure, and relates to the technical field of wireless communication. The miniaturized microstrip antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal radiation patch covering the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and a metal grounding plate covering the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. A plurality of umbrella-shaped groove structures are etched on the metal radiation patch; the plurality of umbrella-shaped groove structures are periodically distributed in a staggered manner; each umbrella-shaped groove structure is composed of a linear groove and two arc grooves, and the starting points of the arc grooves are connected with the end points of the linear grooves and then extend towards the two sides respectively. According to the periodic umbrella-shaped groove structure, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be remarkably reduced on the premise of not increasing the physical size of the antenna, so that the miniaturization of the electrical size of the antenna is realized. The miniaturized microstrip antenna also has relatively high gain and radiation efficiency, has relatively low cross polarization level, and is suitable for modern portable wireless communication equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wireless communication and microstrip antenna technology, specifically relating to a miniaturized microstrip antenna. This invention primarily achieves miniaturization of the antenna's electrical dimensions while maintaining high gain and high efficiency by loading a slotted structure of a special shape. Background Technology

[0002] Microstrip antennas are widely used in wireless communication systems due to their advantages such as low profile, light weight, ease of fabrication and integration. However, the resonant frequency of traditional microstrip antennas is closely related to their physical size, with the patch size typically about half the operating wavelength. When operating at lower frequencies (such as the S-band), the antenna size is often large, making it difficult to meet the stringent miniaturization requirements of modern portable and integrated communication devices.

[0003] To achieve miniaturization of microstrip antennas, common existing techniques include using high-dielectric-constant substrates or etching grooves (such as rectangular grooves, U-shaped grooves, and streamlines) on the patch surface to extend the surface current path. While these techniques achieve antenna miniaturization, they also face other performance degradations: high-dielectric-constant substrates significantly reduce antenna bandwidth and increase surface wave loss; while traditional simple slotting techniques often disrupt the radiating aperture distribution, leading to a significant reduction in antenna radiation efficiency, a severe drop in gain, or even negative gain, failing to meet practical communication requirements.

[0004] Patent publication CN 121355602 A discloses "a microstrip patch antenna based on antipodal double helical slots," which employs a double helical slot structure. Its geometric construction involves helical slots, with the two helical slots antipodal but without periodic alternation. Patent publication CN 121460947 A discloses "a miniaturized circular patch antenna with symmetrical four L-shaped slots and its wireless communication device," which employs an L-shaped slot structure. Its geometric construction involves L-shaped slots, with the four L-shaped slots symmetrically distributed around the center, also without periodic alternation.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a novel slotted structure that differs from existing geometric configurations and exhibits a periodic staggered feature. In particular, when this novel periodic staggered slotted structure is loaded onto the antenna, it can significantly reduce the physical size while maintaining high gain and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing wireless communication antenna technology. By introducing a special "umbrella-shaped slot" structure geometry into the metal radiating patch, the current path is effectively folded in a very small patch area, thereby achieving miniaturization of the antenna's electrical size. Furthermore, this invention also designs multiple umbrella-shaped slots in a periodic staggered arrangement, effectively overcoming the technical defects of existing miniaturized antennas such as low gain, low efficiency, and irregular radiation pattern. While ensuring the miniaturization of the antenna's electrical size, it also achieves high gain and efficiency, as well as a good radiation pattern.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A miniaturized microstrip antenna for wireless communication includes a dielectric substrate, a metal ground plane, and a metal radiating patch. Multiple identical umbrella-shaped slots are etched on the metal radiating patch. The antenna is fed by a coaxial cable.

[0008] The umbrella-shaped groove consists of a straight groove and two circular arc grooves. The starting point of the circular arc groove is connected to the end of the straight groove and curves outward. The overall structure is similar to an umbrella, hence the name umbrella-shaped groove.

[0009] The multiple umbrella-shaped slot structures are arranged in a periodic, staggered pattern along the length of the metal radiating patch. Specifically, the metal radiating patch is divided into several units of the same size, each unit containing one umbrella-shaped slot. The center-to-center distance between two adjacent umbrella-shaped slots, i.e., the unit period, is P. Furthermore, the umbrella-shaped slot structures within adjacent units are arranged in a staggered pattern. This arrangement not only extends the current path but also helps to balance the surface current distribution, reduce cross-polarization levels, and improve antenna gain and radiation efficiency.

[0010] To ensure the physical feasibility of the antenna structure and the stability of its electromagnetic performance, this invention establishes the following six strict geometric parameter controls: 1. The width of the umbrella-shaped groove is designed to be equal, that is, the width of the straight groove 501 and the width of the arc groove 502 are equal to the width of the umbrella-shaped groove 5, both being s; 2. In order to prevent the end of the umbrella-shaped groove from cutting off the edge of the radiation patch, resulting in an open circuit or disruption of the edge field distribution, the longitudinal extension dimension of the umbrella-shaped groove must be strictly limited to the patch width. That is, the sum of the length l2 of the straight groove and the outer diameter r1 of the circular groove in the umbrella-shaped groove must be less than the width W of the metal radiation patch, which satisfies the following geometric constraint relationship: l2 + r1 < W. 3. To avoid excessive spatial compactness of the umbrella-shaped groove heads within adjacent periods, leading to unnecessary parasitic coupling or processing adhesion, and to ensure sufficient electrical isolation between periodic units, the inner diameter r0 of the arc groove 502, the groove width s of the umbrella-shaped groove 5, and the period P of the umbrella-shaped groove must satisfy the following geometric constraint relationship: 4r0 + 3s <P; 4. To ensure the symmetry of the structure, the distance l1 from the straight groove 501 to the edge of the periodic structure, the groove width s of the straight groove 501, and the period P of the umbrella-shaped groove must satisfy the following geometric constraint relationship: 2l1 + s = P; 5. To ensure that the characteristic impedance of the transmission line remains relatively stable when the current flows through the arc segment and to avoid additional reflection loss caused by sudden changes in the slot width, the inner diameter r0, slot width s, and outer diameter r1 of the arc slot 502 must satisfy the following geometric constraint relationship: r0 + s = r1. 6. The arc θ of the circular groove 502 varies from 0 to π.

[0011] By following the above design guidelines, the specific dimensions can be flexibly adjusted in antenna designs for different frequency bands, rather than being limited to a specific set of parameters.

[0012] Optionally, the dielectric substrate has a side length G = 40 mm, a relative permittivity of 2.2, and a thickness h = 4 mm; Optionally, the metal radiating patch has a length of L = 15mm and a width of W = 15mm; Optionally, the side length G of the metal ground plate is 40mm; Optionally, the materials of the metal radiating patch and the metal ground plane are silver, copper, or aluminum, with a conductivity better than 10. 7 S / m, thickness t = 0.035mm.

[0013] Optionally, three umbrella-shaped grooves are etched on the metal radiation patch, with a period P = 5mm and a groove width s = 0.2mm. Optionally, the length of the straight groove in the umbrella-shaped groove is l2 = 7.5mm, the distance from the straight groove to the edge of the periodic structure is l1 = 2.4mm, and the width of the straight groove is equal to the width of the umbrella-shaped groove, both being s = 0.2mm. Optionally, the inner diameter of the arc groove in the umbrella-shaped groove is r0 = 0.8mm, the outer diameter is r1 = 1mm, the arc is θ = 3π / 4, and the width of the arc groove is equal to the width of the umbrella-shaped groove, both being s = 0.2mm. Optionally, the outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the metal ground plane and is disposed on the side of the metal ground plane away from the dielectric substrate; one end of the inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the metal radiating patch, and the other end of the inner conductor of the coaxial line passes through the dielectric substrate, the metal ground plane and the outer conductor in sequence, and does not contact the metal ground plane and the outer conductor.

[0014] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects: By loading an umbrella-shaped slot, the antenna resonant frequency of this invention is reduced to 3.594 GHz; while the resonant frequency of a traditional complete rectangular patch antenna of the same physical size is about 6.087 GHz. Therefore, compared with the traditional antenna, the antenna frequency of this invention is reduced by more than 40%, that is, the electrical size of the antenna is reduced by more than 40%.

[0015] The umbrella-shaped slot structure of this invention optimizes and controls the surface current distribution of the antenna through an alternating arrangement. While achieving miniaturization, the antenna achieves a peak gain of 5.89 dBi, a radiation efficiency of up to 81.6%, and a cross-polarization of less than -16 dB, which is far superior to typical miniaturized antennas.

[0016] The umbrella-shaped groove of this invention has regular periodic arrangement structure parameters and good tolerance, and can be mass-produced at low cost using standard PCB etching process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of a miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of a miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a single umbrella-shaped slot structure in a miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a reflection coefficient curve of a miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a gain curve of the miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7This is an efficiency curve of the miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the E-plane radiation pattern of the miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the H-plane radiation pattern of the miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Symbol explanation: 1—Metallic radiating patch, 2—Dielectric substrate, 3—Metallic ground plane, 4—Coaxial cable, 401—Inner conductor of the coaxial cable, 402—Outer conductor of the coaxial cable, 5—Umbrella-shaped groove, 501—Straight groove, 502—Circular arc groove. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing microstrip antenna miniaturization technologies, which make it difficult to balance size reduction and radiation performance, and to provide a miniaturized microstrip antenna for wireless communication.

[0022] It is particularly important to note that in the fields of electromagnetic fields and microwave antenna technology, the miniaturization of antennas or microwave devices actually refers to the miniaturization of their "electrical size." According to the fundamental principles of electromagnetism, electrical size is defined as the physical size divided by the operating wavelength. Therefore, for the same physical size, if the operating frequency is lower (corresponding to a longer wavelength), its electrical size will be shorter. The concept of "electrical size" is generally more practically significant than that of physical size. In practical applications, miniaturization means the following two situations: 1. Same physical dimensions, but lower resonant frequency (longer resonant wavelength); 2. Same resonant frequency (and the same resonant wavelength), but smaller physical size.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Figures 1 to 3 These are, respectively, a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram, a top view, and a side view of the miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the miniaturized microstrip antenna in this embodiment of the invention adopts a typical three-layer structure, which consists of the following layers from bottom to top: Metal ground plane: Located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, the metal ground plane is made of silver, copper, or aluminum, and has a conductivity better than 10. 7 S / m; its size covers the entire bottom of the substrate, and its physical dimensions are designed as a square with a side length of G = 40mm and a thickness of t = 0.035mm; the ground plane serves to reflect electromagnetic waves and act as a reference ground.

[0025] Dielectric substrate: As the main support for the antenna, a low-loss, high-frequency microwave dielectric substrate is selected. In this embodiment, a relative permittivity ε is preferred. r = 2.2, a material with a loss tangent of tanδ = 0.001 is used to reduce dielectric loss and improve radiation efficiency. The physical dimensions of the dielectric substrate are designed as a square with a side length G = 40mm and a thickness h = 4mm.

[0026] Metallic radiating patch: Located on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, it is also etched from a silver, copper, or aluminum material with a thickness of t = 0.035 mm, and has a conductivity better than 10. 7 S / m. The outline of the metal radiating patch is rectangular, with a length L = 15mm and a width W = 15mm.

[0027] The antenna uses a coaxial probe feeding method. The feed point of the coaxial line is as follows: Figure 2 As indicated by the medium gray dot, this feed location was chosen to achieve optimal 50-ohm impedance matching. Specifically, as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a coaxial line is provided on the metal radiating patch, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the metal ground plane and is located on the side of the metal ground plane away from the dielectric substrate; one end of the inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the metal radiating patch, and the other end of the inner conductor of the coaxial line passes through the dielectric substrate, the metal ground plane and the outer conductor in sequence, without contacting the metal ground plane and the outer conductor.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the core innovation of this invention lies in the multiple special umbrella-shaped groove structures etched on the surface of the radiating patch. Each umbrella-shaped groove is composed of a straight groove and two symmetrical circular arc grooves. Through precise control of geometric parameters, it can optimize the surface current path within a limited space.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the three umbrella-shaped slots 5 are not randomly placed on the metal radiating patch 1, but are arranged periodically along the length direction (x-axis direction) of the patch. Considering a single umbrella-shaped slot and its surrounding area as a unit, the length L = 15mm of the metal radiating patch is precisely divided into several equally wide regions. The distance between the geometric center lines of two adjacent umbrella-shaped slots is defined as the period P, then the number of units is N = L / P. In this embodiment, the period P = 5mm, and the number of units N = 3. This periodic distribution design makes the inductive loading on the surface of the radiating patch more uniform.

[0030] The multiple umbrella-shaped slot structures are distributed in a "parallel structure, staggered direction" on the metal radiating patch; the straight slots of the central umbrella-shaped slot are parallel to the y-axis, and its handle points in the -y direction; the straight slots of the side umbrella-shaped slots are also parallel to the y-axis, but their handles point in the +y direction; therefore, the umbrella-shaped slots on the metal radiating patch present a "parallel structure, staggered direction" form. This staggered arrangement helps to extend the long current path, while balancing the surface current distribution, reducing the cross-polarization level, and improving the antenna gain and radiation efficiency.

[0031] From a physical standpoint, in an ungrooved rectangular patch, the fundamental mode (TM10 mode) current flows in a straight line along its length. This invention, by introducing an umbrella-shaped slot, forces the current to flow in a curved path around the slot edge, significantly increasing the physical path length of the current. The arc-shaped slot structure at the end of this umbrella-shaped slot is equivalent to introducing a high-inductance load into the equivalent circuit, thereby further reducing the resonant frequency.

[0032] In particular, traditional simple slotting often disrupts the uniformity of the field distribution along the radiating edge. This invention, through a staggered "center downwards, sides upwards" arrangement, allows the induced reverse current components to partially cancel each other out in the near-field region, thereby reducing interference with the main radiation pattern. This arrangement effectively maintains the integrity of the equivalent radiating aperture, ensuring the antenna's high gain characteristics.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a single umbrella-shaped slot structure in a miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that: the straight slot in the single umbrella-shaped slot extends along the y-direction with a length l2 = 7.5 mm, and its distance to the edge of the periodic structure is l1 = 2.4 mm; the circular arc slot is located at the end of the straight slot, extending outwards and curving to both sides from the end of the straight slot; the inner diameter of the circular arc slot is r0 = 0.8 mm, the outer diameter is r1 = 1 mm, and the arc radius is θ = 3π / 4; the slot width of the umbrella-shaped slot remains consistent, that is, the slot widths of the straight slot and the circular arc slot are equal, both being s = 0.2 mm.

[0034] The parameter design in this embodiment strictly follows the aforementioned geometric constraint rules, as verified below: 1. The width of the straight groove, the width of the circular arc groove, and the width of the umbrella-shaped groove 5 are the same, all being s = 0.2mm; 2. The length of the straight groove is l2 = 7.5mm, the outer diameter of the arc groove is r1 = 1mm, and the width of the radial patch is W = 15mm. It is found that the formula l2 + r1 < W is satisfied. Obviously, this condition still leaves enough margin to ensure the continuity of current at the edge of the patch. 3. The inner diameter of the arc groove is r0 = 0.8mm, the groove width is s = 0.2mm, and the periodic spacing is P = 5mm. It is found that the formula 4r0 + 3s < P is satisfied, which ensures that there will be no physical overlap or excessive near-field coupling interference between adjacent umbrella-shaped grooves, effectively realizing the independence and effectiveness of the periodic structure. 4. The distance from the straight groove to the edge of the periodic structure is l1 = 2.4mm, the groove width is s = 0.2mm, and the periodic spacing is P = 5mm. The three strictly conform to 2l1 + s = P, which fully ensures the symmetry of the structure. 5. The inner diameter of the arc groove is r0 = 0.8mm, the groove width is s = 0.2mm, and the outer diameter of the arc groove is r1 = 1mm. The three strictly conform to the formula r0 + s = r1. This formula ensures that a consistent groove structure can be obtained during the manufacturing process, whether the etching path is planned based on the inner diameter or the outer diameter.

[0035] 6. The radius of the circular groove is θ = 3π / 4, which is within the range of 0 to π.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a reflection coefficient curve of a miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. The reflection coefficient is generally represented as S11 in the field of antenna technology. From... Figure 5 It can be seen that the antenna in this embodiment of the invention has good matching performance at the resonant frequency of 3.594GHz (corresponding to a wavelength λ=83.5mm). Normalizing the physical size of the patch (15mm×15mm) to this wavelength, the electrical size of the patch is only 0.180λ×0.180λ.

[0037] For a traditional rectangular patch antenna, when its patch size is L = 15mm, W = 15mm, and other parameters, such as the size and material of the dielectric substrate and the metal ground plane, are the same as those of the antenna in this embodiment of the invention, it resonates at 6.087GHz (corresponding to a wavelength λ = 49.3mm). Correspondingly, the electrical dimensions of the microstrip patch are 0.304λ × 0.304λ. Therefore, compared with traditional antennas, the antenna in this embodiment of the invention, under the same physical dimensions, has a lower resonant frequency and a smaller electrical size, demonstrating a significant miniaturization effect.

[0038] Table 1. Performance comparison between the antenna of the present invention and a conventional antenna.

[0039] Table 1 compares the performance of the antenna of the present invention with that of a conventional antenna, clearly showing the differences in resonant frequency and electrical size. Compared to conventional antennas, the resonant frequency of the antenna of the present invention is significantly reduced, and correspondingly, the electrical size of the patch is greatly reduced.

[0040] from Figure 5 It can also be seen that the bandwidth of antenna S11 below -10dB in this embodiment of the invention is 43MHz (3.573GHz – 3.616GHz), with a relative bandwidth of 1.2%, which can well meet the needs of 5G mobile communication in the 3.6GHz band.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a gain curve of the miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. The peak gain of this antenna is 5.89 dBi, and the gain remains above 5.23 dBi throughout the -10 dB impedance bandwidth. Therefore, it can be seen that the antenna of the present invention achieves miniaturization of electrical dimensions while maintaining a high gain level, thus meeting the comprehensive performance requirements of wireless communication systems for miniaturization and high gain.

[0042] Figure 7 This is an efficiency curve of the miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna achieves a peak efficiency of 81.6%, and its efficiency is not less than 72.7% within the -10dB impedance bandwidth. This demonstrates that the antenna of the present invention maintains high radiation efficiency and exhibits good energy utilization while achieving miniaturization.

[0043] Figure 8 and Figure 9 The figures show the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the miniaturized microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention at the resonant frequency of 3.594 GHz. As can be seen from the figures, the antenna pattern is similar to the radiation characteristics of a traditional patch antenna, exhibiting stable far-field radiation performance and cross-polarization below -16 dB, which meets the requirements of practical applications.

[0044] In summary, the antenna of this invention significantly reduces the resonant frequency without increasing the overall antenna size by introducing multiple staggered umbrella-shaped slot structures on a rectangular patch, thereby effectively reducing the antenna's electrical size. This antenna achieves miniaturization while maintaining high gain, efficiency, and stable radiation characteristics, meeting the application requirements of practical wireless communication systems.

[0045] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way. Any equivalent changes and modifications made based on the essence and principles of the technical solution of the present invention shall not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention and shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0047] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized microstrip antenna for wireless communication, characterized in that, include: Dielectric substrate 2; A metal radiating patch 1 covering the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 2; A metal ground plane 3 covering the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2; The metal radiating patch 1 is etched with multiple umbrella-shaped slots 5; the multiple umbrella-shaped slots 5 are periodically and alternately distributed on the metal radiating patch 1; each umbrella-shaped slot 5 is composed of a straight slot 501 and two arc-shaped slots 502; one end of the straight slot 501 is a closed end and the other end is a forked end; the two arc-shaped slots 502 extend outward from the forked end of the straight slot 501 and bend; the antenna is fed by a coaxial line 4; The geometric parameters of the umbrella-shaped groove 5 must satisfy the following six spatial constraints to ensure that the surface current path of the metal radiating patch 1 is effectively extended while also ensuring good impedance matching characteristics: The width of the straight groove 501 is equal to the width of the arc groove 502 and the width of the umbrella-shaped groove 5, both being s; The sum of the length l2 of the straight groove 501 in the umbrella-shaped groove 5 and the outer diameter r1 of the circular groove 502 must be less than the width W of the metal radiation patch 1, that is, it must satisfy the following geometric constraint relationship: l2 + r1 < W. The inner diameter r0 of the arc groove 502, the groove width s of the umbrella groove 5, and the period P of the umbrella groove 5 must satisfy the following geometric constraint relationship: 4r0 + 3s < P; The distance l1 from the straight groove 501 to the edge of the periodic structure, the groove width s of the straight groove 501, and the period P of the umbrella-shaped groove must satisfy the following geometric constraint relationship: 2l1 + s = P; The inner diameter r0 and groove width s of the circular arc groove 502 must satisfy the following geometric constraint relationship with the outer diameter r1: r0 + s = r1; The radius θ of the circular groove 502 varies from 0 to π.

2. The miniaturized microstrip antenna for wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate 2 has a side length G = 40 mm, a relative permittivity of 2.2, and a thickness h of 4 mm. The metal radiation patch 1 has a length of L = 15mm and a width of W = 15mm; The side length G of the metal grounding plate 3 is 40mm; The metal radiating patch 1 and the metal ground plane 3 are made of silver, copper, or aluminum, with a conductivity better than 10. 7 S / m and thickness t are both 0.035mm; Three umbrella-shaped grooves 5 are loaded on the metal radiation patch 1. The period of the umbrella-shaped grooves 5 is P = 5mm, and the groove width of the umbrella-shaped grooves 5 is s = 0.2mm. The length l2 of the straight groove 501 in the umbrella-shaped groove 5 is 7.5mm, the distance l1 from the straight groove 501 to the edge of the periodic structure is 2.4mm, and the groove width of the straight groove 501 is equal to the groove width of the umbrella-shaped groove 5, both being s = 0.2mm. The inner diameter of the arc groove 502 in the umbrella-shaped groove 5 is r0 = 0.8mm, the outer diameter is r1 = 1mm, the arc is θ = 3π / 4, and the width of the arc groove 502 is equal to the width of the umbrella-shaped groove 5, both being s = 0.2mm.

3. The miniaturized microstrip antenna for wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: By loading multiple periodically staggered umbrella-shaped slots 5, the antenna resonant frequency is 3.594 GHz; while the resonant frequency of a traditional complete rectangular patch antenna of the same size is about 6.087 GHz. Compared with the traditional antenna, the resonant frequency of the antenna of the present invention is reduced by more than 40%, and the electrical size of the antenna is reduced by more than 40%.

4. A miniaturized microstrip antenna for wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The umbrella-shaped slot structure optimizes the current distribution on the antenna surface through its staggered arrangement. While achieving miniaturization, the antenna achieves a peak gain of 5.89 dBi, a radiation efficiency of up to 81.6%, and a cross-polarization of less than -16 dB.

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