Semen sesbaniae seed germination method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural biology, and particularly relates to a method for germinating sesbania seeds. The method comprises the following steps: collecting mature sesbania siliques, treating to obtain qualified seeds with uniform particle sizes, carrying out heat treatment on the obtained qualified seeds for 2 hours, grinding the seeds with fine sand to damage seed coats, soaking the seeds in hydrogen peroxide and gibberellin in sequence, and finally putting the soaked seeds in a saturated sodium bicarbonate environment with trace vent holes, germinating in a variable-temperature mode of illumination for 12 hours and darkness for 12 hours. According to the method, seed coat obstacles are broken through multi-step cooperative treatment, germination conditions are optimized, and the germination efficiency of the sesbania seeds can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural biotechnology, and in particular relates to a method for germinating sesame seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Sesbania, an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Sesbania in the legume family, is widely distributed in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions. In my country, it has been recorded growing naturally or being cultivated in provinces (regions) south of the Yangtze River. As a typical multi-purpose plant, sesbania possesses core characteristics such as strong ecological adaptability, rapid growth rate, and outstanding nitrogen-fixing ability. Its root system can form a symbiotic system with rhizobia, making it an important bio-fertilizer source in agricultural ecosystems. Simultaneously, the stems and leaves of sesbania are rich in crude protein (15%-22%) and dietary fiber, making it a high-quality feed ingredient. Its seeds contain approximately 10%-15% oil, also possessing potential for industrial oil development. Furthermore, it is salt-tolerant, growing normally in strongly alkaline soils with a pH of 10, and even in soils with a salt content of 8 g / kg. It can also withstand short-term flooding stress. These characteristics make it a preferred species for saline-alkali land improvement, wetland restoration, and soil and water conservation, playing an irreplaceable role in ecological restoration and sustainable agricultural development. In recent years, with the increasing prominence of global food security and ecological environment issues, the multi-dimensional utilization value of sesbania has been re-focused. In agricultural production, sesbania, as a green manure crop, can effectively increase soil organic matter content, improve soil physicochemical properties, and reduce the environmental pressure caused by chemical fertilizer application, aligning with the concept of green agriculture. In ecological restoration, its tolerance to abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought, and heavy metals provides a new technical pathway for the ecological reconstruction of degraded land. At the molecular biology level, basic research on the symbiotic nitrogen fixation mechanism between sesbania and rhizobia, and the metabolic regulatory network of stress response, not only provides a reference for the discovery of functional genes in leguminous plants but also offers important gene resources for crop stress resistance breeding and genetic improvement. Although sesbania has a long history of application, current research still has significant shortcomings. The most important is the insufficient research on the regulatory mechanisms of its seed germination and dormancy. The unstable germination rate caused by seed dormancy characteristics restricts the efficiency of large-scale cultivation and ecological restoration of sesbania.

[0003] Therefore, conducting systematic research on the seed physiology of sesquiterpene can not only fill the gap in basic biological research on legumes and clarify the core limiting factors for its multi-purpose development, but also provide theoretical support and technical guidance for the large-scale application of sesquiterpene in green agriculture, ecological restoration and other fields. This has important theoretical significance and practical value for promoting sustainable agricultural development and improving the efficiency of degraded ecosystem restoration.

[0004] This invention addresses the problems of low germination rate and uneven germination in sesame seeds by providing a germination method for sesame seeds. This method is simple to operate, low in cost, high-throughput, promotes early germination, shortens the germination period, and achieves a germination rate of over 80%. It provides a technical foundation for the large-scale propagation, application, and research of sesame seeds. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. This application provides a method for germinating sesame seeds, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S1. Collect mature sesame pods, process them to obtain qualified seeds; Step S2. The qualified seeds from Step S1 are subjected to heat treatment, fine sand grinding to damage the seed coat, and then continuous soaking treatment with hydrogen peroxide and gibberellin to obtain soaked sesame seeds; Step S3. Place the soaked sesame seeds obtained in step S2 into a container filled with saturated sodium bicarbonate and cultivate them for germination using alternating light and dark temperature conditions. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 30%-50%, and the concentration of gibberellin is 300-500 mg / L.

[0007] The seed coat softened by heat treatment is more prone to forming multi-level channels—surface scratches, deep fissures, and endosperm exposure—during fine sand abrasion, rather than the shallow surface scratches seen with simple physical damage. Sesbania seed coats contain dense components such as cellulose and lignin, resulting in low permeability of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water under conventional treatment. The strong oxidizing properties of hydrogen peroxide can degrade the waxy layer and some lignin on the seed coat surface, causing micro-fissures. Simultaneously, scratches from physical damage to the seed coat are further amplified under the action of hydrogen peroxide, allowing subsequent carbon dioxide to quickly penetrate the seed coat and enter the surrounding embryo cells, preventing carbon dioxide accumulation only on the seed surface. Furthermore, the water evaporation and absorption cycle are more favorable under variable temperature and light conditions. As a mild oxidative stressor, hydrogen peroxide can induce the premature expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) in the seed, while simultaneously activating intracellular redox signaling pathways, placing the embryo cells in a state of stress adaptation. This stress adaptation state allows the seeds to avoid physiological disorders caused by environmental abrupt changes during subsequent temperature fluctuations and carbon metabolism switching in a carbon dioxide atmosphere, providing a stable intracellular environment for carbon dioxide to inhibit anaerobic respiration and light to promote photosynthesis. The core of dormancy in sesame seeds is insufficient expression of gibberellin receptor (GID1) and accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA). Gibberellin soaking can competitively bind to gibberellin receptors, degrade dormancy-inhibiting proteins (DELLA protein), and inhibit the activity of abscisic acid synthase (NCED gene), enabling the seeds to enter a germination-ready state from dormancy. This allows the subsequent "signaling molecule action" of carbon dioxide (promoting cAMP synthesis) and the "signal activation action" of light (promoting the expression of phytochrome PhyB) to have clear targets: carbon dioxide-induced cAMP can synergistically enhance the expression of α-amylase gene (Amy3) and cell wall relaxase gene (EXP1) with gibberellin-activated MYB33 transcription factor; light-activated PhyB can promote the continuous synthesis of gibberellin receptor GID1, maintaining the effect of gibberellin.

[0008] Further, in step S1, the qualified seeds refer to: mature sesame pods that have been naturally sun-dried to a moisture content of 2-3%, then manually threshed to remove impurities, and then screened for seeds with uniform particle size and no damage.

[0009] Further, in step S2, the heat treatment step is as follows: placing the qualified seeds in a constant temperature environment of 37-60℃ for 2 hours, wherein the constant temperature environment is a water bath or a biochemical incubator.

[0010] Further, in step S2, the fine sand grinding step includes: adding 1 / 4 volume of fine sand to the mortar, then adding an equal volume of heat-treated seeds, and gently grinding for 2-5 minutes to obtain scratched seeds.

[0011] Furthermore, the fine sand has a particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm, and the scratches on the surface of the scratched seed should occupy half of the seed surface area, with white marks on the polished surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the embryo integrity rate of the scratched seeds is ≥98%.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, the soaking time of the hydrogen peroxide is 2-4 hours, the temperature is 20-30°C, and slight stirring is performed 2-3 times during the process.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the gibberellin is soaked for 3-4 hours at a temperature of 20-30°C.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the container containing saturated sodium bicarbonate is equipped with a micro-vent, and an open petri dish containing the reaction system of saturated sodium bicarbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid is placed inside the container.

[0016] Further, in step S3, the light intensity is 1400-1500 lux, the incubation time is 12 hours, and the temperature is 15-35℃; the dark incubation time is 12 hours, and the temperature is 15-30℃.

[0017] Beneficial effects: In the early stages of sesbania seed germination, energy is supplied by the hydrolysis of starch in the endosperm. However, the glucose produced from starch decomposition is only sufficient to meet basic respiration requirements, and insufficient carbon source supply limits cell division and embryo development. This invention utilizes the slow reaction of sodium bicarbonate with dilute hydrochloric acid to continuously release low-concentration carbon dioxide, and micro-ventilations ensure uniform carbon dioxide distribution without accumulation leading to toxicity. In the later stages of seed germination, the cotyledons or young leaves have formed early photosynthetic structures. At this time, carbon dioxide serves as a direct carbon source for photosynthesis, promoting the synthesis of photosynthetic products (sucrose, fructose). This provides additional carbon for the growth of the radicle and plumule, and alleviates the problem of rapid depletion of starch reserves. After sesbania seeds are treated with seed coat damage, hydrogen peroxide, and gibberellin, the seed coat permeability is increased, allowing carbon dioxide to enter the embryo cells through seed coat gaps. Carbon dioxide dissolves in intracellular water to form carbonic acid. The activity of starch hydrolytic enzymes depends on a slightly acidic environment; the carbonic acid derived from carbon dioxide can slightly lower the local pH of the endosperm, increasing amylase activity and accelerating the decomposition of starch into glucose, providing sufficient energy for seed germination. Carbon dioxide promotes the synthesis of intracellular cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate), which further activates transcription factor (MYB33), enhances the expression of α-amylase gene (Amy3), amplifies the promoting effect of gibberellin on starch hydrolysis, thereby accelerating dormancy breaking and shortening the germination lag phase. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 Figure showing the effects of different treatments on the germination characteristics of sesbania seeds.

[0019] Figure 2 The effects of different treatments and temperature conditions on the germination characteristics of sesame seeds.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a microscopic diagram of a sesame seed.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a picture of sesame seeds after they have been ground with fine sand, as shown in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a photograph of sesame seeds after germination for one day, as shown in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a picture of the sesame seeds after germination for 2 days, as shown in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a picture of sesame seeds after germination for 5 days, as shown in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a photograph of sesame seeds after germination for 6 days, as shown in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0027] Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise stated, all percentages, ratios, proportions, or parts are by weight.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and raw materials used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention are commercially available.

[0029] Example 1 The method for germinating sesame seeds includes the following steps: Mature sesame pods are harvested, naturally sun-dried until the moisture content is 2%, then manually threshed to remove impurities. Seeds of uniform size and without damage are selected. Figure 3 The image shows the microstructure of a sesame seed. The seeds were treated in a 37℃ biochemical incubator for 2 hours. A mortar was filled with 1 / 4 volume of fine sand (0.1mm particle size), and approximately an equal volume of sesame seeds were added. The mortar was gently ground for 3 minutes until visible scratches appeared on the seed coat. The scratches should cover half the surface area of ​​the seed, and white marks should be visible on the ground surface. Figure 4 As shown.

[0030] The damaged seeds were placed in a 50% hydrogen peroxide solution and soaked at a constant temperature of 25°C for 2 hours, with gentle stirring twice during the process. The hydrogen peroxide-treated seeds were then rinsed 2-3 times with deionized water and then transferred to a 400 mg / L gibberellin solution and soaked at 25°C in the dark for 4 hours.

[0031] Place an open petri dish filled with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution at the bottom of a container with micro-ventilation holes. Slowly add a small amount of dilute hydrochloric acid (1 mol / L HCl) to the solution until continuous, gentle bubbling is observed. Place 1-2 layers of medium-speed filter paper in a 90 mm petri dish, place the treated seeds on the filter paper, add 15-20 ml of deionized water, and place the dish in the container with micro-ventilation holes. Use a variable-temperature germination mode: maintain 15°C during the 12-hour light period with a light intensity of 1500 lux, and reduce the temperature to 15°C during the 12-hour dark period. Record the number of germinations starting from the second day; this is considered the first day of germination. Figure 5 As shown, statistics were completed by day 45. On the third day of germination, the radicle of the sesquiterpene breaks through the seed coat, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, a hair grows on the fourth day, as... Figure 7 The embryo appears 5 days after germination. By the seventh day, the sesbania seedling has completely detached from the seed coat, grown fibrous roots, and the embryo is green. Figure 8 As shown, the roots are more developed on the eighth day, and germination is concentrated on the third day, as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The figure shows the effect of different treatments on the germination characteristics of sesbania seeds.

[0032] Table 1 shows the effects of different treatments on the germination characteristics of sesame seeds.

[0033] Table 2 shows the effects of seed coat abrasion and heat treatment on the germination characteristics of sesame seeds.

[0034] Example 2 The method for germinating sesame seeds includes the following steps: Mature sesame pods are collected and naturally sun-dried until the moisture content is 2%. After manual threshing, impurities are removed, and seeds with uniform size and no damage are selected. The seeds are then treated in a 37℃ water bath for 2 hours. In a mortar, 1 / 4 volume of fine sand (0.2mm in diameter) is placed, and approximately an equal volume of sesame seeds is added. The mortar is gently ground for 5 minutes until visible scratches appear on the seed coat.

[0035] Hydrogen peroxide pre-soaking: Place the damaged seeds in a 50% hydrogen peroxide solution and soak at a constant temperature of 25°C for 3.5 hours, stirring gently 3 times during the process; Gibberellin soaking: Rinse the hydrogen peroxide-treated seeds 2-3 times with deionized water, then transfer them to a 500 mg / L gibberellin solution and soak at 25°C in the dark for 3.5 hours.

[0036] Place 1-2 layers of medium-speed filter paper in a 90mm petri dish, put the treated seeds on the filter paper, add 15-20ml of deionized water, and place the dish in a container with micro-ventilation holes. Use a variable-temperature germination mode: maintain 30℃ during the light period (12 hours) with a light intensity of 1500 lux, and reduce the temperature to 30℃ during the dark period (12 hours). Start recording the number of germinations on the second day, which is the first day of germination, and finish the statistics on the 45th day. On the first day of germination, the radicle of the sesbania seed breaks through the seed coat; on the second day, root hairs grow; by the fifth day, the sesbania seedlings have completely detached from the seed coat, grown fibrous roots, and the embryo is green; on the sixth day, the roots are more developed, and germination is concentrated in the first two days.

[0037] Example 3 The method for germinating sesame seeds includes the following steps: Mature sesbania pods are harvested and naturally sun-dried until the moisture content is 2%. After manual threshing to remove impurities, seeds of uniform size and without damage are selected. The seeds are then treated in a 37℃ water bath for 2 hours. In a mortar, 1 / 4 volume of fine sand (0.2mm diameter) is placed, followed by approximately an equal volume of sesbania seeds. The mortar is gently ground for 5 minutes until visible scratches appear on the seed coat. The scratches should cover half the seed surface area, leaving white marks on the ground surface.

[0038] Hydrogen peroxide pre-soaking: Place the damaged seeds in a 40% hydrogen peroxide solution and soak at a constant temperature of 25°C for 3.5 hours, stirring gently 3 times during the process; Gibberellin soaking: Rinse the hydrogen peroxide-treated seeds 2-3 times with deionized water, then transfer them to a 500 mg / L gibberellin solution and soak at 25°C in the dark for 3.5 hours.

[0039] Place an open petri dish filled with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution at the bottom of a container with micro-ventilation holes. Slowly add a small amount of dilute hydrochloric acid (1 mol / L HCl) to the solution until continuous, gentle bubbling is observed. Place 1-2 layers of medium-speed filter paper in a 90 mm petri dish, place the treated seeds on the filter paper, add 15-20 ml of deionized water, and place the dish in the container with micro-ventilation holes. Use a variable-temperature germination mode: maintain 35°C during the 12-hour light period with a light intensity of 1500 lux, and reduce the temperature to 30°C during the 12-hour dark period. Start recording the number of germinations on the second day, marking the first day of germination, and continue until the 45th day. On the first day of germination, most of the sesbania radicles break through the seed coat. Root hairs appear on the second day. By the fifth day, the sesbania seedlings have completely detached from the seed coat, developed fibrous roots, and the embryo is green. On the sixth day, the roots are more developed, with germination concentrated on the first day.

[0040] Comparative Example 1 The method for germinating sesame seeds includes the following steps: Mature sesbania pods are collected and naturally sun-dried until the moisture content is 2%. After manual threshing to remove impurities, seeds of uniform size and without damage are selected. In a mortar, 1 / 4 volume of fine sand (0.2 mm diameter) is placed, followed by approximately an equal volume of sesbania seeds. The mixture is gently ground for 5 minutes until visible scratches appear on the seed coat. Hydrogen peroxide pre-soaking: The seeds are placed in a 50% hydrogen peroxide solution and soaked at 25°C for 2 hours, stirring gently twice during this period. Gibberellin soaking: The hydrogen peroxide-treated seeds are rinsed 2-3 times with deionized water, then transferred to a 400 mg / L gibberellin solution and soaked at 25°C in the dark for 4 hours.

[0041] Place an open petri dish filled with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution at the bottom of a container with micro-ventilation holes. Slowly add a small amount of dilute hydrochloric acid (1 mol / L HCl) to the solution until continuous, gentle bubbling is observed. Place 1-2 layers of medium-speed filter paper in a 90 mm petri dish, place the treated seeds on the filter paper, add 15-20 ml of deionized water, and place the dish in the container with micro-ventilation holes. Use a variable-temperature germination mode: maintain 15°C during the 12-hour light period with a light intensity of 1500 lux, and reduce the temperature to 15°C during the 12-hour dark period. Start recording the number of germinations on the second day, marking the first day of germination, and continue until the 45th day. On the third day of germination, the radicle of the sesbania seed breaks through the seed coat; on the fourth day, root hairs appear; by the seventh day, the sesbania seedlings have completely detached from the seed coat, developed fibrous roots, and the embryo is green; on the eighth day, the roots are more developed, with germination concentrated on the third day.

[0042] Comparative Example 2 The method for germinating sesame seeds includes the following steps: Mature sesbania pods were collected and naturally sun-dried until the moisture content was 2%. After manual threshing to remove impurities, seeds of uniform size and without damage were selected. An open petri dish containing a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was placed at the bottom of a container with micro-ventilation holes. A small amount of dilute hydrochloric acid (1 mol / L HCl) was slowly added to the solution until continuous, gentle bubbling was observed. One to two layers of medium-speed filter paper were placed in a 90 mm petri dish. The treated seeds were placed on the filter paper, and 15-20 ml of deionized water was added. The dish was then placed in the container with micro-ventilation holes. A variable-temperature germination mode was used: during the 12-hour light period, the temperature was maintained at 30°C with a light intensity of 1500 lux; during the 12-hour dark period, the temperature was reduced to 30°C. Germination was recorded starting on the second day, marking the first day of germination, and continued until the 45th day. A few seeds germinated on the first day, after which germination ceased.

[0043] Comparative Example 3 The method for germinating sesame seeds includes the following steps: Mature sesbania pods are harvested and naturally sun-dried until the moisture content is 2%. After manual threshing to remove impurities, seeds of uniform size and without damage are selected. A mortar is filled with 1 / 4 volume of fine sand (0.1mm diameter), and approximately an equal volume of sesbania seeds are added. The mortar is gently ground for 3 minutes until visible scratches appear on the seed coat. The scratches should cover half the surface area of ​​the seed, and the ground surface should show white marks.

[0044] Hydrogen peroxide pre-soaking: Place the damaged seeds in a 30% hydrogen peroxide solution and soak at a constant temperature of 25°C for 3 hours, stirring gently 3 times during the process; Gibberellin soaking: Rinse the hydrogen peroxide-treated seeds 2-3 times with deionized water, then transfer them to a 300mg / L gibberellin solution and soak at 25°C in the dark for 3 hours.

[0045] Place an open petri dish filled with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution at the bottom of a container with micro-ventilation holes. Slowly add a small amount of dilute hydrochloric acid (1 mol / L HCl) to the solution until continuous, gentle bubbling is observed. Place 1-2 layers of medium-speed filter paper in a 90 mm petri dish, place the treated seeds on the filter paper, add 15-20 ml of deionized water, and place the dish in the container with micro-ventilation holes. Use a variable-temperature germination mode: maintain 30°C during the 12-hour light period with a light intensity of 1500 lux, and reduce the temperature to 30°C during the 12-hour dark period. Start recording the number of germinations on the second day, marking the first day of germination, and continue until the 45th day. On the first day of germination, the radicle of the sesbania seed breaks through the seed coat; on the second day, root hairs appear; by the fifth day, the sesbania seedlings have completely detached from the seed coat, developed fibrous roots, and the embryo is green; on the sixth day, the roots are more developed, with germination concentrated in the first two days.

[0046] Effect Example The following tests were performed on Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 described above: 1. Seed germination rate Definition: The percentage of seeds that germinate normally out of the total number of seeds tested under specified conditions and within a specified time. It is the most basic indicator for measuring seed viability.

[0047] formula:

[0048] Note: Seeds that germinate normally refer to seedlings with normal development of the radicle and plumule, and that conform to the characteristics of the species.

[0049] The specified number of days varies depending on the crop, with national or international standards. For example, it is 14 days for rice and 7 days for wheat. Multiple repeated experiments are usually required, and the average value is taken.

[0050] 2. Seed germination potential Definition: The percentage of seeds that germinate normally out of the total number of seeds tested at the initial stage of a germination test (within the specified minimum number of days). It is an important indicator for measuring seed germination speed, uniformity, and vigor.

[0051] formula:

[0052] Note: The "specified number of days" for germination potential is usually shorter than the total number of days for germination rate.

[0053] 3. Seed germination index Definition: A dynamic index that comprehensively considers germination speed and the number of germinations. The faster the germination speed and the greater the number of germinations, the higher the germination index. It is more sensitive to the differences in seed vigor than the germination rate.

[0054] formula:

[0055] in: Germination Index : The number of germinated seeds on day t (or at the t-th count). : Corresponding germination days (t) : All germination periods throughout the entire germination test (from day 1 to the last count) Accumulate.

[0056] Note: This is an indicator that is recorded and calculated daily.

[0057] The number of newly germinated seeds each day is weighted by the number of days since germination; the earlier the germination (…), the higher the germination rate. The smaller the value, the greater its contribution to the index. The larger it is, the better.

[0058] Table 3 shows the test indicators for the germination characteristics of sesquiterpene seeds in the examples and comparative examples.

[0059] As shown in Table 3, the germination rate, germination potential, and germination index of Examples 1-3 were all superior to those of Comparative Examples 1-3. This is because the core function of seed coat damage in sesame seeds is to break down physical barriers, creating channels for the transport of substances and gases across the seed coat; while the core function of CO2 production from sodium bicarbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid is to optimize the physiological metabolic environment, providing energy and enzyme activity for seed germination. When combined, the physiological regulatory effect of CO2 can directly act on the embryo through the channels formed by seed coat damage. The hard seed coat of sesame seeds is composed of dense cellulose and lignin, with extremely poor gas permeability. Heat treatment softens the seed coat fiber structure, and sanding creates visible scratches, significantly increasing the porosity of the seed coat. The continuous and mild CO2 produced by sodium bicarbonate and hydrochloric acid can quickly enter the seed interior through the scratches, directly participating in metabolism as a substrate for respiration, while simultaneously regulating the pH of the embryo microenvironment. After seed coat damage, water and gibberellins enter the embryo, inducing the synthesis of key germination enzymes such as amylase and protease; however, enzyme activity is highly sensitive to pH. The CO2 produced by sodium bicarbonate and hydrochloric acid dissolves in water to form a weakly acidic buffer system, maintaining the pH of the seed's internal microenvironment within the optimal activity range for enzymes. This significantly improves the efficiency of amylase in breaking down endosperm starch and protease in breaking down storage proteins, providing sufficient energy and nutrients for the growth of the radicle and hypocotyl.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for germinating sesame seeds, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1. Collect mature sesame pods, process them to obtain qualified seeds; Step S2. The qualified seeds from Step S1 are subjected to heat treatment, fine sand grinding to damage the seed coat, and then continuous soaking treatment with hydrogen peroxide and gibberellin to obtain soaked sesame seeds; Step S3. Place the soaked sesame seeds obtained in step S2 into a container filled with saturated sodium bicarbonate and cultivate them for germination using alternating light and dark temperature conditions. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 30%-50%, and the concentration of gibberellin is 300-500 mg / L.

2. The method for germinating sesame seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the qualified seeds refer to: mature sesame pods that have been naturally sun-dried to a moisture content of 2-3%, then manually threshed to remove impurities, and then screened for seeds with uniform particle size and no damage.

3. The method for germinating sesame seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the heat treatment step is as follows: placing qualified seeds in a constant temperature environment of 37-60℃ for 2 hours, wherein the constant temperature environment is a water bath or a biochemical incubator.

4. The method for germinating sesame seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the fine sand grinding step includes: adding 1 / 4 volume of fine sand into the mortar, then adding an equal volume of heat-treated seeds, and gently grinding for 2-5 minutes to obtain scratched seeds.

5. The method for germinating sesame seeds according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fine sand has a particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm, and the scratches on the surface of the scratched seed should occupy half of the seed surface area, with white marks on the ground surface.

6. The method for germinating sesame seeds according to claim 4, characterized in that, The embryo integrity rate of the scratched seeds is ≥98%.

7. The method for germinating sesame seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the hydrogen peroxide is soaked for 2-4 hours at a temperature of 20-30°C, with 2-3 light stirrings during the process.

8. The method for germinating sesame seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the gibberellin is soaked for 3-4 hours at a temperature of 20-30°C.

9. The method for germinating sesame seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the container containing saturated sodium bicarbonate is equipped with a micro-vent, and an open petri dish containing the reaction system of saturated sodium bicarbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid is placed inside the container.

10. The method for germinating sesame seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the light intensity is 1400-1500 lux, the incubation time is 12 hours, and the temperature is 15-35℃; the dark incubation time is 12 hours, and the temperature is 15-30℃.

Images