Botanical insecticide and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and discloses a botanical insecticide and a preparation method thereof. The insecticide is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1%-15% of a datura stramonium extract, 5%-40% of cohundred cinnamyl aldehyde, 0.1%-10% of doramectin, 2%-20% of polyoxyethylene ether, 3%-30% of a lavender laundry detergent, 10%-35% of edible ethanol, 5%-15% of a stabilizer and the balance of distilled water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, diluting the datura stramonium extract, the clouding cinnamyl aldehyde and the doramectin respectively, and then uniformly stirring and mixing all the components at 20-30 DEG C. Through compounding and synergistic interaction of multiple components, broad-spectrum and efficient prevention and control of pests with chewing and piercing-sucking mouthparts are achieved, the corrected death rate in a room within 48 hours reaches 95% or above, the pest decline rate in a field within 72 hours exceeds 94%, and the insecticidal composition has fast-acting property and persistent effect, is stable, and is kept uniform and free of layered precipitation in hard water for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pesticide technology, specifically to a plant-derived insecticide and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, chemically synthesized pesticides account for as much as 95% of agricultural production, and their long-term, excessive use has caused serious environmental and health problems. Residues from these pesticides easily lead to excessive levels of heavy metals in the air and water, not only disrupting the agricultural ecological balance but also reducing the quality of agricultural products. This results in crops with high pesticide residues being unpopular in the market, posing potential health risks to consumers. Furthermore, the irrational use of chemical pesticides has led to increasingly stronger pesticide resistance in pests, forcing farmers to continuously increase pesticide dosages, creating a vicious cycle of increased pesticide use and stronger resistance, further exacerbating environmental pressures and production costs.

[0003] Meanwhile, while existing biological and plant-derived pesticides have the advantages of being environmentally friendly and having low residues, they generally suffer from poor insecticidal effects and unstable control efficacy, making it difficult to meet farmers' needs for efficient pest and disease control and directly impacting agricultural production and income. Furthermore, traditional insecticides also face the problem of a narrow insecticidal spectrum, with most targeting only a single type of mouthpart pest, failing to address the integrated control of multiple pest types, thus increasing farmers' pesticide application costs and complexity.

[0004] Therefore, developing a plant-derived insecticide that is safe and non-toxic, highly effective in killing insects, has a broad spectrum of compatibility, is low in cost, and has no pesticide residues has become an urgent need in the current agricultural field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a plant-derived insecticide and its preparation method, aiming to solve the problems of environmental pollution and excessive pesticide residues caused by existing chemical pesticides, as well as the poor insecticidal effect and narrow insecticidal spectrum of traditional plant-derived pesticides, and to achieve safe and efficient agricultural pest control.

[0006] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a plant-derived insecticide composed of the following raw materials by weight percentage:

[0008] The ingredients include 1%–15% datura extract, 5%–40% cinnamaldehyde, 0.1%–10% doramectin, 2%–20% polyoxyethylene ether, 3%–30% lavender laundry detergent, 10%–35% edible ethanol, 5%–15% stabilizer, and the remainder being distilled water.

[0009] Furthermore, a plant-based insecticide is composed of the following raw materials in weight percentages:

[0010] The ingredients are: 5% datura extract, 20% cinnamaldehyde, 2% doramectin, 13% polyoxyethylene ether, 15% lavender laundry detergent, 25% edible ethanol, 10% stabilizer, and the remainder is distilled water.

[0011] Furthermore, the preparation method of the datura extract is as follows:

[0012] S1. Raw material processing

[0013] Take fresh datura leaves and flowers and grind them into a fine powder;

[0014] S2. Free alkaloids

[0015] The fine powder was mixed with alkaline water to obtain a mixture, which was then left to stand for 20 minutes to allow the alkaloids to be converted into a free state.

[0016] S3. Filtration and Separation

[0017] Filter the mixture to separate it, discard the filtrate, and keep the filter residue for later use;

[0018] S4. Ethanol reflux extraction

[0019] Add 80% ethanol to the filter residue and heat under reflux for 1 hour;

[0020] S5. Cooling

[0021] After cooling, the distillate was collected, quicklime was added, and the mixture was roasted over a low flame until dry to obtain datura extract.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S2, the alkaline solution is a 3% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and the mass-to-volume ratio of fine powder to alkaline solution is 1:(18-20)(g / ml).

[0023] Furthermore, the stabilizer is an APD complex enzyme stabilizer.

[0024] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing a plant-derived insecticide according to any one of the above claims, comprising the following steps:

[0025] (1) Dilute the Datura extract with distilled water at a weight ratio of 1:(1-3) to prepare a Datura flower diluent for later use;

[0026] (2) Dilute cinnamaldehyde with the first part of edible ethanol to prepare a cinnamaldehyde dilution solution for later use;

[0027] (3) Dilute doramectin with the remaining edible ethanol to prepare a diluted doramectin solution for later use;

[0028] (4) Add the datura dilution from step (1), the cinnamaldehyde dilution from step (2), the doramectin dilution from step (3), as well as polyoxyethylene ether, lavender laundry detergent, stabilizer and remaining distilled water to a temperature-controlled mixing tank in sequence, and stir continuously at 20℃~30℃ for 2~4 hours. After mixing evenly, fill the tank to obtain the plant-derived insecticide.

[0029] Specifically, the Datura extract, cinnamaldehyde, and doramectin are first diluted separately, then mixed and stirred evenly before being finally processed into an emulsion. Emulsion pesticides are an environmentally friendly formulation using water as a medium, offering several advantages over other pesticide formulations. Emulsions use water instead of organic solvents such as toluene and xylene, reducing the emission of organic compounds and lowering environmental pollution. Simultaneously, due to the extremely low organic solvent content, toxicity to humans and animals is significantly reduced, improving application safety and minimizing impacts on non-target organisms. The droplet size of this formulation is typically between 0.5-1.5 μm, allowing for uniform distribution on plant surfaces, good adhesion and penetration, resulting in higher efficacy. Furthermore, emulsions are easy to use with water, other pesticides, or fertilizers, facilitating compound spraying by farmers, improving labor efficiency, saving resources, and reducing usage costs. In terms of storage and transportation, the low organic solvent content significantly reduces fire hazards, making it safer and more reliable.

[0030] Furthermore, the first portion of edible ethanol in step (2) is 60-80% of the total mass of edible ethanol.

[0031] Thirdly, this application provides the use of any of the above-mentioned plant-derived insecticides in the preparation of insecticide formulations.

[0032] Furthermore, the insecticide formulation includes one of the following: emulsifiable concentrate, wettable powder, water-dispersible granules, emulsion, or suspension emulsion suitable for agricultural use.

[0033] Furthermore, the insects in question are pests with chewing or piercing-sucking mouthparts.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0035] The plant-derived insecticide prepared by this invention uses datura extract, cinnamaldehyde, and doramectin as its main active ingredients. It contains no chemically synthesized, highly residual, or harmful substances and does not produce persistent pesticide residues in the environment, meeting the requirements of green agriculture and sustainable development. Furthermore, through the compounding and synergistic effects of multiple components, this insecticide achieves broad-spectrum and highly effective control of both chewing and piercing-sucking insects, with a 48-hour corrected mortality rate exceeding 95% and a 72-hour insect population reduction rate exceeding 94% in the field. It combines rapid and sustained effects. Simultaneously, the synergistic effect of stabilizers and polyoxyethylene ethers in the formulation significantly improves the stability of the system. The insecticide exhibits no stratification or precipitation, facilitating long-term storage and field application. In addition, its preparation process is simple and controllable, with widely available raw materials, and the application cost per acre is only 5-8 yuan, more than 30% lower than conventional chemical pesticides, resulting in significant economic benefits. This insecticide demonstrates significant advantages in insecticidal efficacy, environmental compatibility, economic efficiency, and formulation stability, and has excellent application value. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise stated, percentages and parts are weight percentages and parts by weight.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should be noted that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0038] Cinnamaldehyde (98% purity) was purchased from Shaanxi Xintiancheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Doramectin (98% purity or higher) was purchased from Zhengzhou Chunqiu Chemical Co., Ltd.; Polyoxyethylene ether was purchased from Shandong Yongwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Lavender laundry detergent was purchased from Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Edible ethanol (99% purity or higher) was purchased from Guangzhou Dongzhen Chemical Co., Ltd.; APD complex enzyme stabilizer was purchased from Shanghai Kanglang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A plant-derived insecticide, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage:

[0041] The ingredients are: 5% datura extract, 20% cinnamaldehyde, 2% doramectin, 13% polyoxyethylene ether, 15% lavender laundry detergent, 25% edible ethanol, 10% stabilizer, and the remainder is distilled water.

[0042] The preparation method of the datura extract is as follows:

[0043] S1. Raw material processing

[0044] Take fresh datura leaves and flowers and grind them into a fine powder;

[0045] S2. Free alkaloids

[0046] The fine powder was mixed with alkaline water to obtain a mixture, which was then left to stand for 20 minutes to allow the alkaloids to be converted into a free state.

[0047] The alkali solution is a 3% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and the mass-to-volume ratio of fine powder to alkali solution is 1:20 (g / ml).

[0048] S3. Filtration and Separation

[0049] Filter the mixture to separate it, discard the filtrate, and keep the filter residue for later use;

[0050] S4. Ethanol reflux extraction

[0051] Add 80% ethanol to the filter residue and heat under reflux for 1 hour;

[0052] S5. Cooling

[0053] After cooling, the distillate was collected, quicklime was added, and the mixture was roasted over a low flame until dry to obtain datura extract.

[0054] The stabilizer is an APD complex enzyme stabilizer.

[0055] A method for preparing a plant-derived insecticide includes the following steps:

[0056] (1) Dilute the datura extract with distilled water at a weight ratio of 1:2 to prepare a diluted datura solution for later use;

[0057] (2) Dilute cinnamaldehyde with the first part of edible ethanol (accounting for 70% of the total mass of edible ethanol) to prepare a cinnamaldehyde dilution for later use;

[0058] (3) Dilute doramectin with the remaining edible ethanol to prepare a diluted doramectin solution for later use;

[0059] (4) Add the datura dilution from step (1), the cinnamaldehyde dilution from step (2), the doramectin dilution from step (3), as well as polyoxyethylene ether, lavender laundry detergent, stabilizer and remaining distilled water to a temperature-controlled mixing tank in sequence, stir continuously at 25°C for 3 hours, mix evenly, and then fill into a container to obtain the plant-derived insecticide.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] A plant-derived insecticide, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage:

[0062] The ingredients are: 10% datura extract, 10% cinnamaldehyde, 4% doramectin, 5% polyoxyethylene ether, 10% lavender laundry detergent, 30% edible ethanol, 8% stabilizer, and the remainder is distilled water.

[0063] The preparation method of the datura extract is the same as that in Example 1.

[0064] The stabilizer is an APD complex enzyme stabilizer.

[0065] A method for preparing a plant-derived insecticide includes the following steps:

[0066] (1) Dilute the datura extract with distilled water at a weight ratio of 1:1 to prepare a diluted datura solution for later use;

[0067] (2) Dilute cinnamaldehyde with the first part of edible ethanol (accounting for 80% of the total mass of edible ethanol) to prepare a cinnamaldehyde dilution for later use;

[0068] (3) Dilute doramectin with the remaining edible ethanol to prepare a diluted doramectin solution for later use;

[0069] (4) Add the datura dilution from step (1), the cinnamaldehyde dilution from step (2), the doramectin dilution from step (3), as well as polyoxyethylene ether, lavender laundry detergent, stabilizer and remaining distilled water to a temperature-controlled mixing tank in sequence, stir continuously at 25°C for 3 hours, mix evenly, and then fill into a container to obtain the plant-derived insecticide.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] A plant-derived insecticide, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage:

[0072] The ingredients are: 15% datura extract, 30% cinnamaldehyde, 3% doramectin, 5% polyoxyethylene ether, 7% lavender laundry detergent, 5% edible ethanol, 5% stabilizer, and the remainder is distilled water.

[0073] The preparation method of the Datura flower extract is the same as that in Example 1.

[0074] The stabilizer is an APD complex enzyme stabilizer.

[0075] A method for preparing a plant-derived insecticide includes the following steps:

[0076] (1) Dilute the datura extract with distilled water at a weight ratio of 1:1 to prepare a datura flower dilution for later use;

[0077] (2) Dilute cinnamaldehyde with the first part of edible ethanol (accounting for 80% of the total mass of edible ethanol) to prepare a cinnamaldehyde dilution for later use;

[0078] (3) Dilute doramectin with the remaining edible ethanol to prepare a diluted doramectin solution for later use;

[0079] (4) Add the datura dilution from step (1), the cinnamaldehyde dilution from step (2), the doramectin dilution from step (3), as well as polyoxyethylene ether, lavender laundry detergent, stabilizer and remaining distilled water to a temperature-controlled mixing tank in sequence, stir continuously at 25°C for 3 hours, mix evenly, and then fill into a container to obtain the plant-derived insecticide.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] A plant-derived insecticide, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage:

[0082] The formula contains 20% cinnamaldehyde, 2% doramectin, 13% polyoxyethylene ether, 15% lavender laundry detergent, 25% edible ethanol, 10% stabilizer, and the remainder is distilled water.

[0083] A method for preparing a plant-derived insecticide includes the following steps:

[0084] (1) Dilute cinnamaldehyde with the first part of edible ethanol (accounting for 70% of the total mass of edible ethanol) to prepare a cinnamaldehyde dilution for later use;

[0085] (2) Dilute doramectin with the remaining edible ethanol to prepare a diluted doramectin solution for later use;

[0086] (3) Add the cinnamaldehyde dilution from step (1), the doramectin dilution from step (2), polyoxyethylene ether, lavender laundry detergent, stabilizer and remaining distilled water to a temperature-controlled mixing tank in sequence, stir continuously at 25°C for 3 hours, mix evenly, and then fill into a container to obtain the plant-derived insecticide.

[0087] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example does not contain datura extract, but uses an equal amount of distilled water instead; all other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0088] Comparative Example 2

[0089] A plant-derived insecticide, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage:

[0090] The ingredients are: 5% datura extract, 2% doramectin, 13% polyoxyethylene ether, 15% lavender laundry detergent, 25% edible ethanol, 10% stabilizer, and the remainder is distilled water.

[0091] The preparation method of the datura extract is the same as that in Example 1.

[0092] A method for preparing a plant-derived insecticide includes the following steps:

[0093] (1) Dilute the datura extract with distilled water at a weight ratio of 1:2 to prepare a diluted datura solution for later use;

[0094] (2) Dilute doramectin with edible ethanol to prepare a diluted doramectin solution for later use;

[0095] (3) Add the datura dilution from step (1), the doramectin dilution from step (2), polyoxyethylene ether, lavender laundry detergent, stabilizer and remaining distilled water to a temperature-controlled mixing tank in sequence, stir continuously at 25°C for 3 hours, mix evenly, and then fill into a container to obtain the plant-derived insecticide.

[0096] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example does not contain cinnamaldehyde, but uses an equal amount of distilled water instead; all other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0097] Comparative Example 3

[0098] A plant-derived insecticide, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage:

[0099] The ingredients are: 5% datura extract, 20% cinnamaldehyde, 13% polyoxyethylene ether, 15% lavender laundry detergent, 25% edible ethanol, 10% stabilizer, and the remainder is distilled water.

[0100] The preparation method of the datura extract is the same as that in Example 1.

[0101] A method for preparing a plant-derived insecticide includes the following steps:

[0102] (1) Dilute the datura extract with distilled water at a weight ratio of 1:2 to prepare a diluted datura solution for later use;

[0103] (2) Dilute cinnamaldehyde with edible ethanol to prepare a cinnamaldehyde dilution solution for later use;

[0104] (3) Add the datura dilution from step (1), the cinnamaldehyde dilution from step (2), polyoxyethylene ether, lavender laundry detergent, stabilizer and remaining distilled water to a temperature-controlled mixing tank in sequence, stir continuously at 25°C for 3 hours, mix evenly, and then fill into a container to obtain the plant-derived insecticide.

[0105] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example does not contain doramectin, but uses an equal amount of distilled water instead; all other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0106] Comparative Example 4

[0107] A plant-derived insecticide, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage:

[0108] The ingredients are: 5% datura extract, 20% cinnamaldehyde, 2% doramectin, 15% lavender laundry detergent, 25% edible ethanol, 10% stabilizer, and the remainder is distilled water.

[0109] The preparation method of the Datura flower extract is the same as that in Example 1.

[0110] A method for preparing a plant-derived insecticide includes the following steps:

[0111] (1) Dilute the datura extract with distilled water at a weight ratio of 1:2 to prepare a diluted datura solution for later use;

[0112] (2) Dilute cinnamaldehyde with the first part of edible ethanol (accounting for 70% of the total mass of edible ethanol) to prepare a cinnamaldehyde dilution for later use;

[0113] (3) Dilute doramectin with the remaining edible ethanol to prepare a diluted doramectin solution for later use;

[0114] (4) Add the datura dilution from step (1), the cinnamaldehyde dilution from step (2), the doramectin dilution from step (3), the lavender laundry detergent, the stabilizer and the remaining distilled water to a temperature-controlled mixing tank in sequence, stir continuously at 25°C for 3 hours, mix evenly and then fill into a container to obtain the plant-derived insecticide.

[0115] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example does not add polyoxyethylene ether, but uses an equal amount of distilled water instead; all other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0116] Comparative Example 5

[0117] A plant-derived insecticide, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage:

[0118] The ingredients are: 5% datura extract, 20% cinnamaldehyde, 2% doramectin, 13% polyoxyethylene ether, 15% lavender laundry detergent, 25% edible ethanol, and the remainder is distilled water.

[0119] The preparation method of the datura extract is the same as that in Example 1.

[0120] A method for preparing a plant-derived insecticide includes the following steps:

[0121] (1) Dilute the datura extract with distilled water at a weight ratio of 1:2 to prepare a diluted datura solution for later use;

[0122] (2) Dilute cinnamaldehyde with the first part of edible ethanol (accounting for 70% of the total mass of edible ethanol) to prepare a cinnamaldehyde dilution for later use;

[0123] (3) Dilute doramectin with the remaining edible ethanol to prepare a diluted doramectin solution for later use;

[0124] (4) Add the datura dilution from step (1), the cinnamaldehyde dilution from step (2), the doramectin dilution from step (3), as well as polyoxyethylene ether, lavender laundry detergent and the remaining distilled water into a temperature-controlled mixing tank in sequence, stir continuously at 25°C for 3 hours, mix evenly, and then fill into a container to obtain the plant-derived insecticide.

[0125] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example does not contain any stabilizer, but uses an equal amount of distilled water instead; otherwise, it is the same as Example 1.

[0126] Experimental Example 1: Stability Test of Plant-Derived Insecticides

[0127] The stability of the plant-derived insecticides prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 was tested. Forty stoppered graduated cylinders were used. 100 mL of hard water and 0.5 mL of the plant-derived insecticide from each example and comparative example were added to each graduated cylinder. Five replicates were set up for each group. The cylinders were stopped, inverted 50 times, and then left to stand for 1 day. The condition of the solution was observed and recorded every 6 hours. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0128] Table 1. Stability testing of plant-derived insecticides

[0129]

[0130] As shown in Table 1, the plant-derived insecticides prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention remained uniform and stable under hard water dilution conditions. The plant-derived insecticides prepared in Comparative Examples 1-3 also exhibited the same stability within 24 hours. However, Comparative Example 4, lacking polyoxyethylene ether, showed slight turbidity after 18 hours and solution stratification with the oil phase floating after 24 hours. This indicates that polyoxyethylene ether, as the surfactant in this formulation, plays an important role in maintaining the long-term uniform dispersion of the oil-water phases under diluted conditions and preventing phase separation. Its absence directly leads to a decrease in the stability of the emulsion system. Comparative Example 5, lacking stabilizer, showed the most rapid and severe stability deterioration. Slight turbidity appeared in the solution after 12 hours, solution stratification occurred after 18 hours, and the condition worsened to obvious solution stratification, oil phase floating, and bottom sedimentation after 24 hours. Its absence not only leads to rapid phase separation but may also be accompanied by degradation of active ingredients or generation of byproducts (bottom sedimentation). This indicates that stabilizers play an important role in preventing phase separation and component degradation.

[0131] Experiment Example 2: Contact Viability Test

[0132] Corn borers, aphids, and spider mites were selected, and their contact toxicity was determined using the micro-drip method. 0.05 μL of the plant-derived insecticides prepared in each example and comparative example was dripped onto the pronotum of the corn borers, aphids, and spider mites using a micro-drip device. Distilled water was used as a control group. After treatment, the corn borers, aphids, and spider mites were placed on broad bean leaves, which were then placed in petri dishes, sealed with breathable sealing film, and placed in an artificial climate chamber (day and night cycles of 14 h and 10 h, humidity of 80%, and temperature of 25 °C). Three replicates were set for each insect species, with 20 insects per replicate. The number of dead insects was observed after 24 hours and 48 hours of treatment, and the corrected mortality rate was calculated.

[0133] Mortality rate (%) = (Number of dead insects / Number of tested insects) × 100%

[0134] Corrected mortality rate (%) = (Treatment group mortality rate - Control group mortality rate) / (1 - Control group mortality rate) × 100%

[0135] Table 2. Contact toxicity of plant-derived insecticides against corn borer

[0136]

[0137] Table 3. Contact toxicity of plant-derived insecticides against aphids

[0138]

[0139] Table 4. Contact toxicity of plant-derived insecticides against spider mites

[0140]

[0141] As shown in Tables 2, 3, and 4, the plant-derived insecticides prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention exhibit excellent and broad-spectrum contact activity against three pests (corn borer, aphid, and spider mite). These insecticides are fast-acting, showing high contact activity 24 hours after application, and the corrected mortality rate after 48 hours is over 95%. This indicates that the plant-derived insecticides of this invention not only have high insecticidal efficiency but also maintain insecticidal activity for a long time, effectively reducing the number of applications, lowering planting costs, and being suitable for the control of various common agricultural pests. In contrast, the plant-derived insecticides prepared in Comparative Examples 1-5 show significantly reduced killing effects on the three types of pests.

[0142] The median lethal concentration (LC50) was calculated using Probit regression analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0. 50 95% confidence interval and x 2 The values ​​are shown in Table 5-7.

[0143] Table 5. Contact toxicity of plant-derived insecticides against corn borer

[0144]

[0145] Table 6. Contact toxicity of plant-derived insecticides against aphids

[0146]

[0147] Table 7. Contact toxicity of plant-derived insecticides against spider mites

[0148]

[0149] As shown in Tables 5-7, the plant-derived insecticides prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention exhibit strong and stable contact toxicity against corn borers, aphids, and spider mites. Their toxicity increases significantly with prolonged action time. The contact toxicity of each example against corn borers, aphids, and spider mites is higher than that of the comparative examples, indicating that the plant-derived insecticides prepared in this invention can effectively enhance the toxicity of the insecticides against pests through the synergistic effect of the components.

[0150] Experiment Example 3: Field Efficacy Test

[0151] A corn planting area was divided into 9 experimental plots, each spaced more than 50m apart. Following conventional management methods, insecticides were sprayed during the peak pest season. Eight of the experimental plots used the plant-derived insecticides prepared in the respective examples and comparative examples, while the remaining plot served as a blank control. An equal volume of water was sprayed in each plot, and a WS-16 backpack electric sprayer was used for application. The dosage was 2mL per plant, with three replicates per plant. Each insecticide was used to treat three groups, and the average value was taken. Before and after application, a five-point sampling method was used to count the number of pests, and the average value was taken. The pest population reduction rate and corrected population reduction rate were calculated 24 hours and 72 hours after application. The experimental results are shown in Tables 8-10.

[0152] Insect population reduction rate (%) = (Number of live insects before treatment - Number of live insects after treatment) / Number of live insects before treatment × 100%

[0153] Corrected insect population reduction rate (%) = (Insect population reduction rate in the treatment group - Insect population reduction rate in the control group) / (1 - Insect population reduction rate in the control group)

[0154] Table 8. Statistics on the population reduction rate of corn borers caused by plant-derived insecticides.

[0155]

[0156] Table 9. Statistics on the population reduction rate of aphids caused by plant-derived insecticides.

[0157]

[0158] Table 10. Statistics on the population reduction rate of red spider mites caused by plant-derived insecticides.

[0159]

[0160] As shown in Tables 8-10, the plant-derived insecticides prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention exhibit excellent control efficacy against corn borers, aphids, and spider mites. The insect population reduction rate exceeded 77% 24 hours after application and reached over 94% 72 hours after application, indicating that the insecticides have the characteristics of rapid action and long-lasting effect. In contrast, Comparative Examples 1-5, lacking a key active ingredient or excipient, showed significantly lower control efficacy than the groups in the examples, indicating a synergistic effect among the components.

[0161] In summary, this invention provides a plant-derived insecticide and its preparation method. Through the compounding of multiple components, it achieves a highly efficient, broad-spectrum, safe, and stable insecticidal effect. Experimental data show that this insecticide exhibits excellent contact killing activity and field control efficacy against a variety of common agricultural pests such as corn borers, aphids, and spider mites. It also has the advantages of being pesticide-free, low-cost, and environmentally friendly, making it suitable for integrated pest management in modern green agriculture.

[0162] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the embodiments shown are only one of the embodiments of the present invention. The actual structure is not limited to this. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant-derived insecticide, characterized in that, It consists of the following raw materials by weight percentage: The ingredients include 1%–15% datura extract, 5%–40% cinnamaldehyde, 0.1%–10% doramectin, 2%–20% polyoxyethylene ether, 3%–30% lavender laundry detergent, 10%–35% edible ethanol, 5%–15% stabilizer, and the remainder being distilled water.

2. The plant-derived insecticide according to claim 1, characterized in that, It consists of the following raw materials by weight percentage: The ingredients are: 5% datura extract, 20% cinnamaldehyde, 2% doramectin, 13% polyoxyethylene ether, 15% lavender laundry detergent, 25% edible ethanol, 10% stabilizer, and the remainder is distilled water.

3. The plant-derived insecticide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stabilizer is an APD complex enzyme stabilizer.

4. The plant-derived insecticide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the datura extract is as follows: S1. Raw material processing Take fresh datura leaves and flowers and grind them into a fine powder; S2. Free alkaloids The fine powder was mixed with alkaline water to obtain a mixture, which was then left to stand for 20 minutes to allow the alkaloids to be converted into a free state. S3. Filtration and Separation Filter the mixture to separate it, discard the filtrate, and keep the filter residue for later use; S4. Ethanol reflux extraction Add 80% ethanol to the filter residue and heat under reflux for 1 hour; S5. Cooling After cooling, the distillate was collected, quicklime was added, and the mixture was roasted over a low flame until dry to obtain datura extract.

5. A plant-derived insecticide according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, the alkaline solution is a 3% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and the mass-volume ratio of fine powder to alkaline solution is 1:(18-20) (g / ml).

6. A method for preparing a plant-derived insecticide as described in claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Dilute the datura extract with distilled water at a weight ratio of 1:(1-3) to prepare a diluted datura solution for later use; (2) Dilute cinnamaldehyde with the first part of edible ethanol to prepare a cinnamaldehyde dilution solution for later use; (3) Dilute doramectin with the remaining edible ethanol to prepare a diluted doramectin solution for later use; (4) Add the datura dilution from step (1), the cinnamaldehyde dilution from step (2), the doramectin dilution from step (3), as well as polyoxyethylene ether, lavender laundry detergent, stabilizer and remaining distilled water to a temperature-controlled mixing tank in sequence, and stir continuously at 20℃~30℃ for 2~4 hours. After mixing evenly, fill the tank to obtain the plant-derived insecticide.

7. The application of a plant-derived insecticide as described in claims 1-5 in the preparation of insecticide formulations.

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The insecticide formulation includes one of the following: emulsifiable concentrate, wettable powder, water-dispersible granule, emulsion, or suspension emulsion suitable for agricultural use.

9. The application according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The insects in question are pests with chewing or piercing-sucking mouthparts.

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