Deep hole machining device and method for packer

Abstract

The invention relates to a deep hole machining device and method for a packer, and belongs to the technical field of packer machining. Comprising a body, a clamping rotating structure and a machining feeding structure are sequentially arranged on the body in the axial direction of a workpiece, the packer workpiece is coaxially clamped and fixed to the clamping rotating structure, and a floating guiding centering assembly is arranged at the machining end of the machining feeding structure; a self-adaptive follow-up assembly is arranged at the position, corresponding to the middle section of a packer workpiece, of the body, and online monitoring assemblies are installed on the floating guide centering assembly and the self-adaptive follow-up assembly respectively. Through cooperative linkage of all structural components, accurate clamping and rotating of a packer workpiece, high-precision feeding of a drilling head, accurate guiding and centering in the drilling process and elastic short-distance follow-up supporting of a cutting area are achieved, online monitoring and numerical control closed-loop adjustment are combined, eccentric errors are corrected in real time, and machining vibration is restrained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of packer processing technology, and in particular to a deep hole processing apparatus and method for packers. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component in the oil and gas extraction field, packers have key structures such as cylinders and spindles that are mostly slender metal parts, and require the machining of high-precision deep holes. The coaxiality and straightness of the deep holes directly determine the sealing performance and working stability of the packer. Therefore, the requirements for the precision and stability of deep hole machining are stringent.

[0003] Currently, deep hole machining of packers mostly uses traditional deep hole drilling machines. These machines use simple clamping structures to fix the workpiece and feed structures to drive the drill bit. However, these machines have several technical drawbacks: First, they lack dedicated guiding and centering structures, resulting in no continuous and precise guidance during drill bit feeding. This makes them susceptible to workpiece clamping errors and drill bit runout, causing deep hole eccentricity and making it difficult to guarantee machining accuracy. Second, for machining slender packer workpieces, the cutting zone lacks a close-range follow-up support structure, leading to significant workpiece vibration and runout during machining. This not only affects machining accuracy but also easily causes drill bit wear and workpiece surface scratches, reducing yield. Third, there is no real-time monitoring and closed-loop adjustment mechanism during machining, making it impossible to capture workpiece eccentricity and vibration data in a timely manner. Inspection can only be performed after machining is complete, and if errors are found, the workpiece is scrapped, resulting in wasted materials and machining costs. Fourth, each machining structure operates independently without coordinated control, resulting in low automation and requiring frequent manual intervention and adjustment, leading to low machining efficiency. Furthermore, manual operation can easily introduce additional errors.

[0004] Therefore, this application provides a deep hole machining apparatus and machining method for packers to meet the requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a deep hole machining device and machining method for packers, so as to solve the problems of inaccurate clamping, inconsistent centering and guidance, lack of elastic support in the cutting zone, lack of real-time monitoring and closed-loop adjustment in the machining process, and inability of various structures to work together.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A deep hole machining device for packers includes a body. A clamping and rotating structure and a machining feed structure are sequentially arranged along the workpiece axial direction on the body. The clamping and rotating structure coaxially clamps and fixes the packer workpiece. A floating guide and centering component is provided at the machining end of the machining feed structure. An adaptive follow-up component is provided on the body corresponding to the middle section of the packer workpiece. Online monitoring components are respectively installed on the floating guide and centering component and the adaptive follow-up component. A CNC structure electrically connected to each structure and component is installed on the body. The floating guide and centering component is used to achieve precise alignment between the drill bit of the machining feed structure and the pre-hole opening of the packer workpiece. The adaptive follow-up component is used to synchronously feed axially with the drill bit and provide elastic close-range support for the packer workpiece, suppressing workpiece vibration in real time during machining. The online monitoring component is used to collect radial eccentricity data and workpiece vibration data during machining in real time. The CNC structure is used to control the actions of each structure and component and realize closed-loop adjustment of the machining process.

[0007] Optionally, the clamping and rotating structure includes a drive motor fixedly mounted on the main body, and the drive end of the drive motor is coaxially connected to a clamping component. The clamping component is a three-jaw self-centering chuck, which can coaxially clamp and fix packer workpieces with different outer diameter specifications.

[0008] Optionally, the machining feed structure includes a servo motor fixedly mounted on the body. The drive end of the servo motor is coaxially driven to a lead screw arranged along the workpiece axis. A slide block is threadedly slidably connected to the lead screw. A mounting plate is fixedly connected to the slide block. A drilling device is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate. The machining end of the drilling device is a drill head that can be fed axially.

[0009] Optionally, the floating guide centering assembly includes several elastic telescopic rods evenly arranged around the circumference of the drill head. The fixed end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the drilling equipment by bolts, and the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the guide sleeve base by bolts. A circular hole is opened at the center of the guide sleeve base, through which the drill head can pass freely, and the axis of the circular hole coincides with the axis of the drill head.

[0010] Optionally, an inner guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the inner side of the front end of the guide sleeve base. The front end of the inner guide sleeve is provided with a guide cone surface adapted to the pre-hole of the packer workpiece. A floating guide sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the inner guide sleeve. Several elastic reset members are evenly installed circumferentially between the floating guide sleeve and the inner guide sleeve. Two sets of radial servo push rods are orthogonally arranged on the outer periphery of the floating guide sleeve. Each set of servo push rods is arranged opposite to each other and its extension end abuts against the outer wall of the floating guide sleeve through a spherical dome.

[0011] Optionally, the adaptive follow-up component includes two follow-up grooves parallel to each other on the body along the workpiece axis. A follow-up slider is slidably connected inside the follow-up groove. A rigid connecting plate is fixedly connected between the follow-up slider and the mounting plate of the machining feed structure. The adaptive follow-up component is synchronously fed axially along the follow-up groove through the connecting plate and the mounting plate. A connecting member is vertically fixedly installed on the follow-up slider. An arc-shaped frame for wrapping the packer workpiece is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting member.

[0012] Optionally, three mounting plates are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the arc-shaped frame. Small hydraulic cylinders are installed radially on the mounting plates along the arc-shaped frame. A telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the small hydraulic cylinder. A floating support claw adapted to the outer circle of the packer workpiece is installed at the end of the telescopic cylinder away from the small hydraulic cylinder. The floating support claw is axially corresponding to and closely arranged with the cutting point of the drill bit, and is used to provide elastic support for the packer workpiece in the cutting zone. Several small nylon rollers are arranged axially along the workpiece on the inner side of the floating support claw. A disc spring sleeved on the telescopic end of the small hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the telescopic cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, the online monitoring component includes an eddy current displacement sensor and a piezoelectric vibration sensor. The eddy current displacement sensor is provided in two sets, which are orthogonally arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions at the front end of the guide sleeve base of the floating guide centering component, and the sensor probe is facing the outer circular surface of the packer workpiece. The piezoelectric vibration sensor is embedded in the telescopic cylinder and is used to detect the vibration amplitude and frequency of the workpiece at the floating support claw.

[0014] Optionally, the piezoelectric vibration sensor is embedded inside the telescopic cylinder to detect the vibration amplitude and frequency of the workpiece at the floating support claw.

[0015] The present invention also provides another technical solution: a method of using a deep hole machining apparatus for packers, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Workpiece clamping and positioning: The packer workpiece is coaxially clamped on the clamping part of the clamping rotating structure. The CNC structure sets the processing parameters and controls the adaptive follower component to move to the workpiece end to be processed along with the mounting plate. The small hydraulic cylinder is started to make the floating support claw flexibly fit with the outer circle of the workpiece. The disc spring is pre-tightened to complete the initial vibration damping support. S2, Guide Centering Pre-alignment: The servo motor of the CNC structure controls the machining feed structure and drives the lead screw, which moves the slide towards the workpiece. The adaptive follower component moves forward synchronously. The front guide cone surface of the inner guide sleeve fits with the pre-hole of the workpiece. The elastic telescopic rod extends naturally. The servo push rod resets and drives the floating guide sleeve to be coaxially aligned with the inner guide sleeve and the pre-hole. S3. Monitoring system start-up: The online monitoring component is activated. Two sets of orthogonal eddy current displacement sensors collect radial eccentricity data of the workpiece rotation, and piezoelectric vibration sensors collect workpiece vibration data at the floating support claw. All monitoring data are transmitted to the CNC structure in real time, waiting for machining instructions. S4. Drilling and Closed-Loop Adjustment: The CNC structure controls the drive motor to rotate the workpiece. The drill head feeds continuously with the slide, and the adaptive follower component moves forward synchronously. The drill head passes through the guide sleeve base to enter the cutting process. The elastic telescopic rod is compressed synchronously, and the inner guide sleeve is tightly guided against the hole opening. The CNC structure adjusts according to the monitoring data. If the eccentricity exceeds the threshold, the servo push rod is finely adjusted. If the vibration exceeds the threshold, the hydraulic cylinder support pressure is increased to correct errors and suppress vibration in real time. S5. Machining Finishing and Reset: After the drill head completes its machining stroke, the CNC structure controls its reverse retraction. The adaptive follow-up component retracts synchronously, the disc spring resets, the floating guide centering component separates from the workpiece, the clamping rotation structure is closed, the machined workpiece is removed, and finally the adaptive follow-up component and servo push rod are controlled to reset to the initial position to complete the machining.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: In the above solution, by setting up a floating guide centering component, a multi-dimensional guide centering structure is formed by the elastic telescopic rod, inner guide sleeve, floating guide sleeve and servo push rod. It can quickly pre-center, radially adaptively float, and also precisely fine-tune the guide axis to compensate for clamping and drilling runout errors. This structure is linked with the machining feed structure to achieve flexible yielding continuous guidance. It forms a detection and execution closed loop with the online monitoring component and CNC structure. After receiving the eccentricity monitoring data, the drilling axis is corrected in real time by the servo push rod to ensure that the drilling head and the workpiece machining axis are continuously coaxial.

[0017] By setting an adaptive follow-up component that moves synchronously with the machining feed structure, the floating support claws are always in close contact with the workpiece in the cutting zone. The three claws are arranged circumferentially, and the hydraulic cylinder and disc springs work together to achieve flexible and elastic support. The nylon rollers reduce friction and scratches and can flexibly adjust the support stiffness. This structure is linked with the online monitoring component and the CNC structure. After receiving vibration monitoring data, the hydraulic cylinder increases the support pressure to suppress cutting vibration and workpiece wobble in real time. It forms a two-end synergy with the floating guide centering component, with the front-end guide centering and the cutting zone support vibration reduction working together to ensure the stability of the machining axis.

[0018] By setting up an online monitoring component, consisting of an eddy current displacement sensor and a piezoelectric vibration sensor, the radial eccentricity data of the workpiece is collected in a non-contact manner. The vibration amplitude and frequency of the cutting zone are detected at close range, unaffected by the processing environment, and the data is real-time and reliable. This structure is linked with the floating guide centering component and the adaptive follow-up component to transmit the monitoring data to the CNC structure in real time, providing accurate signal basis for the eccentricity correction and vibration suppression of the two. It is the core data acquisition unit of closed-loop regulation, realizing early warning and real-time detection of processing errors.

[0019] By setting up a CNC structure and electrically connecting it to all components, machining parameters can be precisely set, and the actions of each component can be coordinated to achieve full automation of the machining process. This structure is globally linked with each component, and after receiving online monitoring data, it quickly sends instructions to the execution components, forming a closed-loop regulation of detection, analysis, execution, and correction. At the same time, it uniformly controls the entire process of each component from clamping, machining to resetting, dynamically adjusting working parameters to keep the device in the optimal machining state at all times, balancing machining accuracy, efficiency, and workpiece quality. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a deep hole machining device for packers; Figure 2 Top view of a deep hole machining apparatus for packers; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure for clamping and rotating; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the machining feed mechanism; Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the machining feed structure and floating guide centering assembly; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the floating guide centering component; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the machining feed structure and the adaptive follower component; Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the adaptive follow-up component; Figure 9 This is a bottom view of the adaptive follow-up component.

[0021] Figure label: 1. Body; 2. Clamping and rotating structure; 201. Drive motor; 202. Clamping component; 3. Packer workpiece; 4. Machining feed structure; 401. Servo motor; 402. Lead screw; 403. Slide; 404. Mounting plate one; 405. Drilling equipment; 5. Floating guide centering assembly; 501. Elastic telescopic rod; 502. Guide sleeve base; 503. Inner guide sleeve; 504. Guide cone surface; 505. Floating guide sleeve; 506. Elastic reset component; 5 7. Servo push rod; 6. Adaptive follow-up component; 601. Follow-up slide; 602. Follow-up slider; 603. Connecting plate one; 604. Connector; 605. Arc frame; 606. Mounting plate two; 607. Small hydraulic cylinder; 608. Telescopic cylinder; 609. Floating support claw; 610. Small nylon roller; 611. Disc spring; 7. Online monitoring component; 701. Eddy current displacement sensor; 702. Piezoelectric vibration sensor; 8. CNC structure. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention in order to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, based on the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, a deep hole machining device for packers includes a body 1. A clamping and rotating structure 2 and a machining feed structure 4 are sequentially arranged along the workpiece axial direction on the body 1. A packer workpiece 3 is coaxially clamped and fixed on the clamping and rotating structure 2. A floating guide and centering component 5 is provided at the machining end of the machining feed structure 4. An adaptive follow-up component 6 is provided on the body 1 corresponding to the middle section of the packer workpiece 3. Online monitoring components 7 are respectively installed on the floating guide and centering component 5 and the adaptive follow-up component 6. A CNC structure 8 electrically connected to each structure and component is installed on the body 1. The floating guide and centering component 5 is used to achieve precise alignment between the drill head of the machining feed structure 4 and the pre-hole opening of the packer workpiece 3. The adaptive follow-up component 6 is used to synchronously feed axially with the drill head and provide elastic close-range support for the packer workpiece 3, suppressing workpiece vibration during machining in real time. The online monitoring component 7 is used to collect radial eccentricity data and workpiece vibration data during the processing of packer workpiece 3 in real time. The CNC structure 8 is used to control the actions of each structure and component and realize closed-loop adjustment of the processing process. Through the coordinated arrangement of each structure on the body 1, an integrated deep hole machining system is formed, which includes clamping rotation, machining feed, floating guide centering, adaptive follow-up, online monitoring and CNC control. This system achieves precise centering of the drill bit and the pre-hole of the workpiece, and elastic close-range follow-up support in the workpiece cutting zone. At the same time, relying on online monitoring and CNC closed-loop control, it collects eccentricity and vibration data in real time and dynamically adjusts the actions of each structure. This solves the wobble and vibration problems during deep hole machining of long packer workpieces from the root, greatly improves the coaxiality and straightness accuracy of deep hole machining, and the linkage and cooperation of each structure realizes the automation of machining, effectively improving machining efficiency and finished product qualification rate.

[0024] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the clamping and rotating structure 2 includes a drive motor 201 fixedly mounted on the body 1. The drive end of the drive motor 201 is coaxially connected to a clamping member 202, which is a three-jaw self-centering chuck that can coaxially clamp and fix packer workpieces 3 with different outer diameter specifications. The machining feed structure 4 includes a servo motor 401 fixedly mounted on the body 1. The drive end of the servo motor 401 is coaxially connected to a lead screw 402 arranged along the workpiece axial direction. A slide block 403 is threadedly slidably connected to the lead screw 402. A mounting plate 404 is fixedly connected to the slide block 403. A drilling device 405 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 404. The machining end of the drilling device 405 is a drill head that can feed axially. The rotating structure 2 drives the clamping component 202 to rotate the workpiece via the drive motor 201, providing a stable cutting motion for deep hole machining. It can achieve coaxial clamping and fixation of the packer workpiece 3, ensuring coaxiality during workpiece rotation and avoiding the impact of rotational wobble on the deep hole machining accuracy. The machining feed structure 4 is driven by the servo motor 401 to drive the lead screw 402 to move the slide 403 axially, driving the drilling equipment 405 and the drill head to achieve high-precision and adjustable axial feed. The feed motion is smooth and has high stroke accuracy. It works in conjunction with the rotational motion of the clamping rotating structure 2 to form a stable cutting motion combination, meeting the high precision and stability requirements of the cutting motion for deep hole machining of packers, and adapting to the deep hole machining needs of long packer workpieces.

[0025] like Figures 5 to 6As shown, the floating guide centering assembly 5 includes several elastic telescopic rods 501 evenly arranged around the circumference of the drill head. The fixed ends of the elastic telescopic rods 501 are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the drilling equipment 405 by bolts, and the telescopic ends of the elastic telescopic rods 501 are fixedly connected to the guide sleeve base 502 by bolts. A circular hole is opened at the center of the guide sleeve base 502, through which the drill head can pass freely. The axis of the circular hole coincides with the axis of the drill head. An inner guide sleeve 503 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the front end of the guide sleeve base 502. The front end of the inner guide sleeve 503 is provided with a guide cone surface 504 adapted to the pre-hole of the packer workpiece 3. A floating guide sleeve 505 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner guide sleeve 503. Several elastic reset members 506 are evenly installed circumferentially between the floating guide sleeve 505 and the inner guide sleeve 503. The outer circumference of the floating guide sleeve 505 is... Two sets of radial servo push rods 507 are orthogonally arranged. Each set of servo push rods 507 is set opposite to each other and its telescopic end abuts against the outer wall of the floating guide sleeve 505 through a spherical top. The floating guide centering component 5 connects the drilling equipment 405 and the guide sleeve base 502 through the elastic telescopic rod 501, so as to realize the flexible retreat of the guide structure during the feed of the drill bit and always keep it close to the workpiece hole. The guide cone surface 504 of the inner guide sleeve 503 realizes the rapid pre-centering of the drill bit and the pre-hole. The floating guide sleeve 505, together with the elastic reset component 506, can realize radial adaptive floating. The orthogonally arranged radial servo push rods 507 can precisely fine-tune the position of the floating guide sleeve 505 according to the monitoring data, realize the real-time correction of the drilling axis, effectively compensate for errors such as workpiece clamping eccentricity and drill bit wobble, ensure the continuous coaxiality of the drill bit and the workpiece, and greatly improve the reliability and accuracy of the guide centering.

[0026] like Figure 2 , Figures 7 to 9As shown, the adaptive follower assembly 6 includes two follower grooves 601 parallel to each other along the workpiece axis on the body 1. A follower slider 602 is slidably connected inside the follower grooves 601. A rigid connecting plate 603 is fixedly connected between the follower slider 602 and the mounting plate 404 of the machining feed structure 4. The adaptive follower assembly 6 is synchronously axially fed along the follower grooves 601 via the connecting plate 603 and the mounting plate 404. A connecting piece 604 is vertically fixedly mounted on the follower slider 602. The top of component 604 is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped frame 605 for wrapping the packer workpiece 3. Three mounting plates 606 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the arc-shaped frame 605. A small hydraulic cylinder 607 is radially mounted on the mounting plate 606 along the arc-shaped frame 605. A telescopic cylinder 608 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the small hydraulic cylinder 607. A floating support claw 609, adapted to the outer diameter of the packer workpiece 3, is installed at the end of the telescopic cylinder 608 away from the small hydraulic cylinder 607. The floating support claw 609 is connected to the drill... The cutting points of the cutting head are axially aligned and arranged close together to provide elastic support for the packer workpiece 3 in the cutting zone. Several small nylon rollers 610 are arranged along the workpiece axis on the inner side of the floating support claw 609. A disc spring 611 is installed inside the telescopic cylinder 608 and sleeved on the telescopic end of the small hydraulic cylinder 607. The adaptive follow-up component 6 is linked with the machining feed structure 4 through the rigid connecting plate 603 to realize the synchronous axial feed of the drilling head, so that the floating support claw 609 is always closely aligned with the cutting point, forming real-time elastic support for the workpiece in the cutting zone. The three circumferentially evenly arranged floating support claws 609, together with the small hydraulic cylinder 607 and the disc spring 611, realize the flexible clamping of the workpiece, which not only ensures the support rigidity to suppress cutting vibration and workpiece sway, but also avoids workpiece deformation caused by rigid clamping. The small nylon rollers 610 reduce the friction between the support claw and the rotating workpiece and prevent scratches on the workpiece surface. The overall structure effectively solves the vibration problem of deep hole machining of long workpieces and improves the stability of workpiece machining.

[0027] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, the online monitoring component 7 includes an eddy current displacement sensor 701 and a piezoelectric vibration sensor 702. Two sets of eddy current displacement sensors 701 are orthogonally arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions at the front end of the guide sleeve base 502 of the floating guide centering component 5, with the sensor probes facing the outer surface of the packer workpiece 3. The piezoelectric vibration sensor 702 is embedded inside the telescopic cylinder 608 and is used to detect the vibration amplitude and frequency of the workpiece at the floating support claw 609. The online monitoring component 7 uses two sets of orthogonally arranged eddy current displacement sensors 701 for non-contact sampling. The device collects radial eccentricity data during workpiece rotation, providing accurate detection unaffected by the machining environment such as cutting fluid and metal chips. It can reflect the eccentricity state of the drilling axis in real time. The piezoelectric vibration sensor 702 is embedded in the telescopic cylinder 608, which detects the vibration amplitude and frequency of the workpiece in the cutting zone at close range. The monitoring data is accurate and reliable. The two types of sensors work together to achieve synchronous real-time acquisition of eccentricity and vibration data, providing accurate and timely signal basis for the closed-loop adjustment of the CNC structure 8. This enables early warning and real-time correction of machining errors, avoids the scrapping of batch workpieces, and further improves machining accuracy and yield.

[0028] The present invention also provides another technical solution: a method of using a deep hole machining apparatus for packers, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Workpiece clamping and positioning: The packer workpiece 3 is coaxially clamped on the clamping part 202 of the clamping rotating structure 2. The CNC structure 8 sets the processing parameters and controls the adaptive follow-up component 6 to move to the workpiece end to be processed along with the mounting plate 404. The small hydraulic cylinder 607 is started to make the floating support claw 609 flexibly fit with the outer circle of the workpiece. The disc spring 611 is pre-tightened to complete the initial vibration reduction support. S2, Guide Centering Pre-alignment: The servo motor 401 of the CNC structure 8 controls the machining feed structure 4 to drive the lead screw 402, which drives the slide 403 to move towards the workpiece. The adaptive follower component 6 moves forward synchronously. The front guide cone surface 504 of the inner guide sleeve 503 fits with the pre-hole of the workpiece. The elastic telescopic rod 501 extends naturally. The servo push rod 507 resets, driving the floating guide sleeve 505 to be coaxially aligned with the inner guide sleeve 503 and the pre-hole. S3. Monitoring system start-up: The online monitoring component 7 is turned on. Two sets of orthogonal eddy current displacement sensors 701 collect radial eccentricity data of workpiece rotation, and piezoelectric vibration sensor 702 collects workpiece vibration data at floating support claw 609. All monitoring data are transmitted to the CNC structure 8 in real time, waiting for processing instructions. S4. Drilling and Closed-Loop Adjustment: The CNC structure 8 controls the drive motor 201 to rotate the workpiece. The drill head is continuously fed with the slide 403. The adaptive follower component 6 moves forward synchronously. The drill head passes through the guide sleeve base 502 to enter the cutting. The elastic telescopic rod 501 is compressed synchronously. The inner guide sleeve 503 is close to the hole for guidance. The CNC structure 8 adjusts according to the monitoring data. If the eccentricity exceeds the threshold, the servo push rod 507 is finely adjusted. If the vibration exceeds the threshold, the hydraulic cylinder support pressure is increased. Errors are corrected and vibrations are suppressed in real time. S5. Machining Finishing and Reset: After the drill head completes the machining stroke, the CNC structure 8 controls its reverse retraction, the adaptive follower component 6 retracts synchronously, the elastic telescopic rod 501 resets, the floating guide centering component 5 separates from the workpiece, the clamping rotation structure 2 is closed, the machined workpiece is removed, and finally the adaptive follower component 6 and servo push rod 507 are controlled to reset to the initial position to complete the machining.

[0029] The working principle of the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: Before the device starts working, the CNC structure 8 completes the initial parameter setting of each component, clamps the workpiece 3 of the clamping and rotating structure 2, and the adaptive follower component 6 moves to the workpiece end to be processed through the connecting plate 603 and the mounting plate 404 of the processing feed structure 4. The small hydraulic cylinder 607 drives the floating support claw 609 to flexibly fit with the outer circle of the workpiece, and the disc spring 611 is pre-tightened to form a preliminary vibration damping support.

[0030] After machining starts, the CNC structure 8 first controls the servo motor 401 of the machining feed structure 4 to drive the lead screw 402 to move the slide 403 toward the workpiece. The adaptive follower component 6 moves forward axially in sync. The guide cone surface 504 at the front end of the inner guide sleeve 503 of the floating guide centering component 5 first fits with the pre-hole of the workpiece. The elastic telescopic rod 501 extends naturally. The servo push rod 507 resets and drives the floating guide sleeve 505 and the inner guide sleeve 503 to adaptively center with the pre-hole, completing the initial centering of the drill head and the pre-hole of the workpiece. At the same time, the online monitoring component 7 is turned on. Two sets of orthogonally arranged eddy current displacement sensors 701 collect radial eccentricity data during the workpiece rotation process in a non-contact manner. The piezoelectric vibration sensor 702 detects the vibration amplitude and frequency of the workpiece at the floating support claw 609 in real time. All monitoring data are transmitted to the CNC structure 8 in real time.

[0031] Subsequently, the CNC structure 8 controls the drive motor 201 of the clamping rotation structure 2 to drive the workpiece to rotate, providing the main cutting motion for deep hole machining. At the same time, the machining feed structure 4 drives the drill head to continuously feed axially. The drill head passes through the round hole of the guide sleeve base 502 and enters the pre-hole of the workpiece to start cutting. During the cutting process, the elastic telescopic rod 501 is compressed synchronously with the feed of the drill head, so that the inner guide sleeve 503 always keeps close to the workpiece hole and maintains continuous guidance. The adaptive follow-up component 6 feeds synchronously with the machining feed structure 4 throughout the process through the connecting plate 603, ensuring that the floating support claw 609 provides close-range elastic support to the workpiece in the cutting area. The small nylon roller 610 rolls with the workpiece to reduce friction damage between the support claw and the workpiece.

[0032] The CNC structure 8 receives data collected by the online monitoring component 7 in real time. If the eddy current displacement sensor 701 detects that the radial eccentricity of the workpiece exceeds the threshold, the closed-loop control module immediately sends a command to the radial servo push rod 507 of the floating guide centering component 5. The servo push rod 507 in the corresponding direction extends and retracts, pushing the floating guide sleeve 505 to drive the inner guide sleeve 503 to make radial micro-adjustments, correcting the drilling axis in real time, and compensating for errors such as workpiece clamping eccentricity and drill head sway. If the piezoelectric vibration sensor 702 detects that the workpiece vibration data exceeds the threshold, the CNC structure 8 controls the small hydraulic cylinder 607 to increase the output pressure, improve the support stiffness of the floating support claw 609, and suppress the vibration and sway of the workpiece in the cutting zone in real time through the elastic damping characteristics of the disc spring 611, ensuring machining stability.

[0033] After the drill bit completes the preset deep hole machining stroke, the CNC structure 8 controls the machining feed structure 4 to drive the drill bit to retreat axially in the opposite direction. The adaptive follower component 6 retreats synchronously, and the elastic telescopic rod 501 returns to its original position under elastic action. The floating guide centering component 5 separates from the workpiece hole. Then, the CNC structure 8 closes the clamping rotation structure 2, the clamping part 202 is released, and the machined packer workpiece 3 is removed. Finally, the small hydraulic cylinder 607 of the adaptive follower component 6 and the servo push rod 507 of the floating guide centering component 5 are controlled to return to their initial positions, completing a complete deep hole machining process for the packer. Each structure waits for the next machining command.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep hole machining apparatus for packers, characterized in that, The system includes a main body (1), on which a clamping rotation structure (2) and a machining feed structure (4) are arranged sequentially along the workpiece axis. A packer workpiece (3) is coaxially clamped and fixed on the clamping rotation structure (2). A floating guide centering component (5) is provided at the machining end of the machining feed structure (4). An adaptive follow-up component (6) is provided on the main body (1) at the middle position of the packer workpiece (3). An online monitoring component (7) is installed on the floating guide centering component (5) and the adaptive follow-up component (6). A CNC structure (8) electrically connected to each structure and component is installed on the main body (1). The floating guide centering component (5) is used to achieve precise alignment between the drill head of the machining feed structure (4) and the pre-hole of the packer workpiece (3); The adaptive follow-up component (6) is used to synchronously feed the drill bit axially and provide elastic close-range support for the packer workpiece (3) to suppress workpiece vibration during the machining process in real time. The online monitoring component (7) is used to collect radial eccentricity data of the packer workpiece (3) and workpiece vibration data during the processing in real time; The numerical control structure (8) is used to control the actions of each structure and component and to achieve closed-loop regulation of the machining process.

2. The deep hole machining apparatus for packers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping and rotating structure (2) includes a drive motor (201) fixedly installed on the body (1). The drive end of the drive motor (201) is coaxially connected to a clamping member (202). The clamping member (202) is a three-jaw self-centering chuck, which can coaxially clamp and fix packer workpieces (3) with different outer diameter specifications.

3. The deep hole machining apparatus for packers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The machining feed structure (4) includes a servo motor (401) fixedly mounted on the body (1). The drive end of the servo motor (401) is coaxially driven to a lead screw (402) arranged along the workpiece axis. A slide block (403) is threadedly slidably connected to the lead screw (402). A mounting plate (404) is fixedly connected to the slide block (403). A drilling device (405) is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate (404). The machining end of the drilling device (405) is a drill head that can be fed along the axial direction.

4. The deep hole machining apparatus for packers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The floating guide centering assembly (5) includes several elastic telescopic rods (501) evenly arranged around the circumference of the drill head. The fixed end of the elastic telescopic rod (501) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the drilling equipment (405) by bolts. The telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod (501) is fixedly connected to the guide sleeve base (502) by bolts. The guide sleeve base (502) has a circular hole at its center that allows the drill head to pass through freely. The axis of the circular hole coincides with the axis of the drill head.

5. The deep hole machining apparatus for packers according to claim 4, characterized in that, An inner guide sleeve (503) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the front end of the guide sleeve base (502). The front end of the inner guide sleeve (503) is provided with a guide cone surface (504) that is adapted to the pre-hole of the packer workpiece (3). A floating guide sleeve (505) is sleeved on the outer side of the inner guide sleeve (503). Several elastic reset members (506) are evenly installed circumferentially between the floating guide sleeve (505) and the inner guide sleeve (503). Two sets of radial servo push rods (507) are orthogonally arranged on the outer periphery of the floating guide sleeve (505). Each set of servo push rods (507) is arranged opposite to each other and its extension end abuts against the outer wall of the floating guide sleeve (505) through a spherical top.

6. The deep hole machining apparatus for packers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adaptive follower component (6) includes two follower slides (601) that are parallel to each other on the body (1) along the workpiece axis. A follower slider (602) is slidably connected inside the follower slide (601). A rigid connecting plate (603) is fixedly connected between the follower slider (602) and the mounting plate (404) of the machining feed structure (4). The adaptive follower component (6) is synchronously fed along the follower slide (601) along the mounting plate (404) through the connecting plate (603). A connector (604) is vertically fixedly installed on the follower slider (602). An arc-shaped frame (605) for wrapping the packer workpiece (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the connector (604).

7. The deep hole machining apparatus for packers according to claim 6, characterized in that, Three mounting plates (606) are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the arc frame (605). Small hydraulic cylinders (607) are installed radially on the mounting plates (606) along the arc frame (605). A telescopic cylinder (608) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the small hydraulic cylinder (607). A floating support claw (609) adapted to the outer circle of the packer workpiece (3) is installed at the end of the telescopic cylinder (608) away from the small hydraulic cylinder (607). The floating support claw (609) is axially corresponding to the cutting point of the drill bit and arranged close to it, and is used to provide elastic support for the packer workpiece (3) in the cutting area. Several small nylon rollers (610) are arranged axially along the workpiece on the inner side of the floating support claw (609). A disc spring (611) sleeved on the telescopic end of the small hydraulic cylinder (607) is installed inside the telescopic cylinder (608).

8. The deep hole machining apparatus for packers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The online monitoring component (7) includes an eddy current displacement sensor (701) and a piezoelectric vibration sensor (702). The eddy current displacement sensor (701) is provided in two sets, which are orthogonally arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions at the front end of the guide sleeve base (502) of the floating guide centering component (5), and the sensor probe is facing the outer circular surface of the packer workpiece (3).

9. The deep hole machining apparatus for packers according to claim 8, characterized in that, The piezoelectric vibration sensor (702) is embedded inside the telescopic cylinder (608) and is used to detect the vibration amplitude and frequency of the workpiece at the floating support claw (609).

10. A processing method for a deep hole machining apparatus for packers, applicable to the deep hole machining apparatus for packers as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. Workpiece clamping and positioning: The packer workpiece (3) is coaxially clamped on the clamping part (202) of the clamping rotating structure (2). The CNC structure (8) sets the processing parameters and controls the adaptive follow-up component (6) to move to the workpiece end to be processed along with the mounting plate (404). The small hydraulic cylinder (607) is started to make the floating support claw (609) flexibly fit with the outer circle of the workpiece. The disc spring (611) is pre-tightened to complete the initial vibration reduction support. S2, Guide Centering Pre-alignment: The CNC structure (8) controls the servo motor (401) of the machining feed structure (4) to drive the lead screw (402), which drives the slide (403) to move towards the workpiece. The adaptive follower component (6) moves forward synchronously. The front guide cone surface (504) of the inner guide sleeve (503) fits with the pre-hole of the workpiece. The elastic telescopic rod (501) extends naturally. The servo push rod (507) resets, driving the floating guide sleeve (505) to be coaxially aligned with the inner guide sleeve (503) and the pre-hole. S3. Monitoring system start-up: Turn on the online monitoring component (7), two sets of orthogonal eddy current displacement sensors (701) collect radial eccentricity data of workpiece rotation, and piezoelectric vibration sensor (702) collects workpiece vibration data at floating support claw (609). All monitoring data are transmitted to the CNC structure (8) in real time, waiting for processing instructions. S4. Drilling and Closed-Loop Adjustment: The CNC structure (8) controls the drive motor (201) to rotate the workpiece. The drill head feeds continuously with the slide (403). The adaptive follower component (6) moves forward synchronously. The drill head passes through the guide sleeve base (502) and enters the cutting. The elastic telescopic rod (501) is compressed synchronously. The inner guide sleeve (503) is close to the hole for guidance. The CNC structure (8) adjusts according to the monitoring data. If the eccentricity exceeds the threshold, the servo push rod (507) is finely adjusted. If the vibration exceeds the threshold, the hydraulic cylinder support pressure is increased. Errors are corrected and vibrations are suppressed in real time. S5. Finishing and Resetting: After the drill head completes the machining stroke, the CNC structure (8) controls it to retreat in the opposite direction, the adaptive follower component (6) retreats synchronously, the elastic telescopic rod (501) resets, the floating guide centering component (5) separates from the workpiece, the clamping rotation structure (2) is closed, the finished workpiece is removed, and finally the adaptive follower component (6) and the disc spring (611) are controlled to reset to the initial position to complete the machining.

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