Combined machining device for crankshaft pulley of large-displacement engine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry, and discloses a large-displacement engine crankshaft belt pulley combined machining device which comprises a base, and a transverse machining machine and a longitudinal machining machine which are used for machining a belt pulley are arranged above the base. A gain mechanism used for assisting the transverse machining machine and the longitudinal machining machine in machining the belt pulley is arranged in the base, a sliding column is driven by a rotating cylinder to move, and the sliding column moves to drive a cylindrical cam rod to move up and down in the rotating cylinder. A cylindrical cam rod drives a connecting sleeve to move so as to drive a trapezoidal block at one end of an ejector rod to move in a placement disc, and the trapezoidal block can push an auxiliary block to slide out of the placement disc through inclined surfaces on the two sides, so that the auxiliary block is fully in contact with the bottom of the belt pulley; extrusion force borne by belt pulley machining can be dispersed by the containing disc and the auxiliary block at the same time, the situation that stress concentration happens to the belt pulley in the punching machining process can be effectively avoided, and vertical extrusion force from a cutter can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent manufacturing equipment technology, specifically to a composite machining device for crankshaft pulleys of large-displacement engines. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft pulley of a large-displacement engine is a multi-functional pulley installed at the front end of the crankshaft. Its core functions are to transmit power and significantly suppress crankshaft torsional vibration. To ensure its torsional vibration reduction effect and transmission stability, the pulley needs to be designed with a larger diameter and moment of inertia. Therefore, the corresponding pulley size is relatively large. If a horizontal machining method is used, the large workpiece diameter will result in an excessively long cantilever and insufficient rigidity. Under the action of cutting force, the pulley is prone to elastic deformation and vibration, which will reduce the machining accuracy of the groove. It is impossible to accurately and stably machine the holes and grooves of the pulley. Therefore, a vertical machining method is usually used to machine the crankshaft pulley of a large-displacement engine.

[0003] In current technologies, when machining pulleys using vertical machining methods, the pulley is typically fixed horizontally using an internal support clamping method. Then, the pulley is driven to rotate circumferentially. When using multiple tools to perform composite machining on the pulley, such as drilling holes and slotting the outer periphery, multiple machining operations can be completed without repeatedly clamping the pulley. Moreover, vertical clamping allows the pulley end face to be parallel and in close contact with the worktable surface. With the internal support fixture applying force evenly from the center hole, the clamping rigidity and centering are better, which can fully ensure the stability of the pulley during rotational machining. This can effectively improve machining efficiency and finished product qualification rate, and meet the requirements of high torque, high precision transmission and vibration reduction. However, when the pulley is placed horizontally to machine the inner support hole, the tool will feed downwards in the vertical direction, and the cutting force will be directly and perpendicularly applied to the end face and center area of ​​the pulley. At this time, the pulley as a whole will be subjected to vertical extrusion force from the tool. Furthermore, when machining the outer groove, the tool will cut into the groove radially, and the cutting force will act directly on the outer edge of the pulley in the horizontal direction. The pulley as a whole will also be subjected to the lateral extrusion force from the tool. Under the combined action of vertical and lateral cutting forces, the pulley held only by the bottom inner support may experience end face warping and radial runout. In addition, since the large displacement pulley has a larger diameter and thinner wall, the vibration and deformation generated during its machining may be more obvious, which will directly lead to a decrease in the coaxiality and groove shape accuracy of the hole in the central area and the outer groove after machining, thus affecting the overall machining quality of the crankshaft pulley of the large displacement engine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a composite machining device for crankshaft pulleys of large displacement engines, which can solve the problem of vibration and deformation caused by the simultaneous vertical and horizontal cutting forces of the cutting tool when the crankshaft pulleys of large displacement engines are subjected to vertical composite machining.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a composite machining device for crankshaft pulleys of large displacement engines, comprising a base, a transverse machining machine and a longitudinal machining machine for machining the pulleys are arranged above the base, and an enhancement mechanism for assisting the transverse and longitudinal machining machines in machining the pulleys is arranged inside the base. The enhancement mechanism includes a rotatable rotating cylinder, a placement plate is fixedly connected above the rotating cylinder, and an expansion block for expanding and clamping the crankshaft pulleys is arranged inside the placement plate. A cylindrical cam rod is slidably connected inside the rotating cylinder, and a connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the surface of the cylindrical cam rod. Multiple push rods are hinged to the outside of the connecting sleeve via a hinge ball joint, and a trapezoidal block is hinged to the other end of the push rod via a hinge ball joint. Auxiliary blocks are slidably contacted on both sides of the trapezoidal block, and the auxiliary blocks are slidably connected to the placement plate. Rotation of the rotating cylinder can drive the cylindrical cam rod to move longitudinally.

[0006] Preferably, the gain mechanism further includes an active motor fixedly mounted on one side of the base. The output end of the active motor is fixedly connected to an active wheel. A driven wheel is connected to the surface of the active wheel via a belt drive. The driven wheel is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder. A sliding column is slidably engaged on the inner side of the rotating cylinder. A helical groove is opened on the surface of the cylindrical cam rod. One end of the sliding column is slidably connected to the helical groove opened on the surface of the cylindrical cam rod. The rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the base.

[0007] Preferably, a pawl block is elastically connected to the end of the sliding column away from the spiral groove of the cylindrical cam rod, and a ratchet disc that cooperates with the pawl block is fixedly connected inside the rotating cylinder. A sealing gasket is provided at the sliding position of the cylindrical cam rod and the rotating cylinder, and a sealing gasket is also provided at the position where the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the base.

[0008] Preferably, the base is further provided with an auxiliary mechanism for cooperating with the gain mechanism to counteract the pressure exerted by the tool on the pulley. The auxiliary mechanism includes a connecting cylinder fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder. A rotating rod is splined inside the connecting cylinder. A conical disk is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod. Multiple sliding top blocks are slidably engaged on the outer side of the conical disk. A cooperating rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the sliding top blocks. One end of the cooperating rod is in sliding contact with a cylindrical cam rod. The cylindrical cam rod is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating rod.

[0009] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism further includes multiple clamping plates disposed above the rotating cylinder. Wedge plates are fixedly connected to the upper two sides of the clamping plates. A wedge groove is provided in the middle position of the mating rod. The two sides of the wedge plates are adapted to the wedge groove provided in the middle position of the mating rod. The lower part of the clamping plate is movably connected to the surface of the top rod. A telescopic rod is provided between the lower part of the clamping plate and the rotating cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the cylindrical cam rod has an annular limiting groove inside, and an active block is provided on the inner side of the limiting groove. The active block is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod, and the rotating rod is slidably connected to the rotating cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, a cooperating mechanism for assisting the transverse and longitudinal processing machines in processing the pulley is also provided above the base. The cooperating mechanism includes a fixed frame fixedly connected to the base, and a pair of limiting frames are slidably connected below the fixed frame. The height of the limiting frames is higher than the height of the pulley when it is placed above the placement plate. The side of the limiting frame near the pulley is electrically telescopic.

[0012] Preferably, a steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting frame near the pulley, a protective cylinder is slidably connected to the surface of the steel wire rope, and a drum is snapped to the other end of the steel wire rope. The drum is fixedly connected to the rotating rod.

[0013] Preferably, the protective cylinder is telescopic, a sliding groove is provided above the limiting frame and at the sliding position of the fixed frame, the size of the drum is smaller than the size of the center hole of the pulley, and a pair of limiting frames are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the drum.

[0014] Preferably, a collection chamber is provided on one side of the base, the rotating cylinder is conical, the upper and lower sides of the sliding column are slidably engaged with the rotating cylinder by sliding plates, and the pawl block at one end of the sliding column is inclined.

[0015] This invention provides a composite machining device for crankshaft pulleys of large-displacement engines. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses a rotating cylinder to drive a sliding column, which in turn drives a cylindrical cam rod to move up and down inside the rotating cylinder. The cylindrical cam rod then drives a connecting sleeve, which in turn drives a trapezoidal block at one end of a push rod to move inside a placement plate. The trapezoidal block, through its two inclined surfaces, pushes an auxiliary block out of the placement plate, ensuring the auxiliary block makes full contact with the bottom of the pulley. This disperses the pressure exerted on the pulley during processing by both the placement plate and the auxiliary block, effectively preventing stress concentration during drilling and reducing vertical pressure from the cutting tool, thus improving the processing quality of the pulley.

[0016] 2. This invention uses the upward movement of a cylindrical cam rod to drive a sliding block at one end of a mating rod to contact the center hole of the pulley. This causes the sliding block to limit the pulley from the inside out. Furthermore, through a pair of limiting frames, the pulley being processed can be limited in all directions. Even if the pulley is being drilled and grooved at the same time, it can remain stable. Moreover, the pulley is simultaneously subjected to vertical and horizontal extrusion forces from the cutting tool, and it can still maintain sufficient stability, thus effectively improving the processing quality of the pulley. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention with part of the base removed; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gain mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Exploded view; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding column and cylindrical cam rod of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet disc and pawl block of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting groove and the active block of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tray placement device of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the top rod, trapezoidal block, and auxiliary block of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the placement of the disc and the push rod in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary mechanism of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the mating rod and the locking plate of the present invention; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 11 The motion state diagram; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the motion state of the cooperating mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] The components include: 1. Base; 2. Horizontal machining center; 3. Vertical machining center; 4. Gain mechanism; 401. Active motor; 402. Driven wheel; 403. Driven wheel; 404. Rotating cylinder; 405. Placement tray; 406. Expansion block; 407. Sliding column; 408. Cylindrical cam rod; 409. Connecting sleeve; 410. Limiting groove; 411. Active block; 412. Push rod; 413. Trapezoidal block; 4 14. Auxiliary block; 415. Ratchet disc; 416. Pawl block; 5. Auxiliary mechanism; 501. Rotating rod; 502. Connecting cylinder; 503. Conical disc; 504. Sliding top block; 505. Matching rod; 506. Clamping plate; 507. Wedge plate; 6. Matching mechanism; 601. Fixing frame; 602. Protective cylinder; 603. Drum; 604. Wire rope; 605. Limiting frame; 7. Collection bin. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 15 A composite machining device for crankshaft pulleys of large displacement engines includes a base 1. A transverse machining machine 2 and a longitudinal machining machine 3 for machining the pulleys are mounted above the base 1. An enhancement mechanism 4 is installed inside the base 1 to assist the transverse and longitudinal machining machines 2 and 3 in machining the pulleys. The enhancement mechanism 4 includes a rotatable rotating cylinder 404. A placement plate 405 is fixedly connected above the rotating cylinder 404. An expansion block for expanding and clamping the crankshaft pulleys is installed inside the placement plate 405. 406. A cylindrical cam rod 408 is slidably connected inside the rotating cylinder 404. A connecting sleeve 409 is fixedly connected to the surface of the cylindrical cam rod 408. Multiple push rods 412 are hinged to the outside of the connecting sleeve 409 via a hinge ball joint. A trapezoidal block 413 is hinged to the other end of the push rod 412 via a hinge ball joint. Auxiliary blocks 414 are slidably contacted on both sides of the trapezoidal block 413. The auxiliary blocks 414 are slidably connected to the placement plate 405. The rotation of the rotating cylinder 404 can drive the cylindrical cam rod 408 to move longitudinally.

[0021] This invention takes into account that when using a vertical machining method to process pulleys in a combined manner, the pulleys are simultaneously subjected to cutting and compressive forces from both the vertical and horizontal directions of the cutting tool. For example, when drilling holes in the pulleys, the pulleys are subjected to vertical compressive forces generated by the cutting tool. At this time, the central area and end face of the pulleys may be affected, resulting in elastic deformation. This causes the hole in the central area of ​​the pulley to have tilted hole walls and reduced coaxiality. Furthermore, since the pressure on the pulleys is concentrated in the contact area between the inner support fixture and the central hole, it is more likely to cause local stress concentration in the central area, end face warping, or even microcracks, thus affecting the machining quality of the central area of ​​the pulleys. Therefore, to avoid the above situation, the present invention sets a horizontal processing machine 2 and a vertical processing machine 3 above the base 1. First, the pulley to be processed is placed above the placement plate 405, and the pulley is expanded and clamped from the inside to the outside by the expansion block 406. After the position of the pulley is defined, the rotating cylinder 404 is started to rotate, which will drive the placement plate 405 to rotate. The rotation of the placement plate 405 will drive the pulley that is expanded and clamped by the expansion block 406 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the pulley, the horizontal processing machine 2 and the vertical processing machine 3 are started to process the pulley. It should be noted that the center hole of the pulley placed above the placement plate 405 and expanded and clamped by the expansion block 406 is in a processed state, so it can be expanded and clamped by the expansion block 406, and there is no need to process the center hole of the pulley in the future. Furthermore, since the rotating cylinder 404 can drive the cylindrical cam rod 408 to move longitudinally during rotation, when the rotating cylinder 404 drives the cylindrical cam rod 408 to move upward, the cylindrical cam rod 408 will drive the connecting sleeve 409 to move upward synchronously. The movement of the connecting sleeve 409 can simultaneously drive multiple push rods 412 to swing upward inside the placement plate 405 through multiple hinged balls (e.g., Figures 9 to 13 As shown), at this time, multiple push rods 412 will... Figure 13 The tilt state shown in the figure is converted to Figure 10In the horizontal state shown, multiple push rods 412 will drive the trapezoidal block 413, which is connected by a hinge ball at the other end, to slide inside the placement plate 405. Since the trapezoidal block 413 is trapezoidal, the inclined surfaces on both sides will contact one side of the auxiliary block 414, thereby squeezing the auxiliary block 414 out of the placement plate 405. This will cause the top of the auxiliary block 414 to contact the bottom surface of the pulley. After the bottom of the pulley contacts the auxiliary block 414, since the auxiliary block 414 is slidably connected to the placement plate 405, the bottom of the pulley is equivalent to contacting both the placement plate 405 and the auxiliary block 414 at the same time. This increases the contact area between the pulley and the placement plate 405. When the tool driven by the longitudinal machining machine 3 applies vertical extrusion force to the pulley, the pulley will distribute the extrusion force to both the placement plate 405 and the auxiliary block 414. This makes the extrusion force on the pulley more evenly distributed and avoids local stress concentration after the pulley is subjected to vertical extrusion force from the tool, which could cause deformation in local areas. It should be noted that, since the pulley is placed directly above and in contact with the placement tray 405, and in order to better discharge iron filings and waste liquid from the surface of the placement tray 405, the placement tray 405 is configured as follows: Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, when the iron filings and waste liquid generated during processing are discharged from the surface of the placement tray 405, the hexagonal shape of the placement tray 405 allows for better discharge of the iron filings and waste liquid. However, the contact area between the bottom of the pulley and the upper surface of the placement tray 405 will be reduced due to the need for chip removal. At this time, the auxiliary block 414 slides out from the inside of the placement tray 405 and contacts the bottom of the pulley, which can effectively reduce the extrusion force generated during processing in the central area of ​​the pulley and avoid the problem of reduced hole accuracy in the pulley during processing. Furthermore, when the two inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal block 413 contact one end of the auxiliary block 414, squeezing the auxiliary block 414 out of the placement disk 405, sufficient stability is generated between the two sides of the trapezoidal block 413 and the auxiliary block 414 due to a certain amount of friction (e.g., Figure 9As shown), when one end of the push rod 412 is no longer subjected to the squeezing force generated by the connecting sleeve 409 fixedly connected to the surface of the cylindrical cam rod 408, the push rod 412 will drive the trapezoidal block 413 to slide again inside the placement plate 405, so that the trapezoidal block 413 no longer applies squeezing force to the auxiliary block 414 through both sides, causing the auxiliary block 414 to slide back to its original position inside the placement plate 405. Furthermore, by setting a tension spring at the position of the trapezoidal block 413 between each pair of auxiliary blocks 414, when the trapezoidal block 413 slowly releases the squeezing force applied to the auxiliary block 414, the auxiliary block 414 will also be subjected to the tension force from the tension spring, thus sliding back inside the placement plate 405. The auxiliary block 414 slides back to its original position on the placement plate 405 after contacting the bottom of the pulley. This may cause some iron filings or waste liquid to accumulate in the original position of the auxiliary block 414. Sliding back to its original position on the placement plate 405 can push the iron filings and waste liquid out of the placement plate 405 until they fall off. This does not affect the smoothness of the auxiliary block 414's operation inside the placement plate 405. It can also effectively improve the handling of iron filings and waste liquid, and effectively improve the stability of the pulley during drilling, making the force more uniform and avoiding uneven force on the pulley, which would affect the processing quality and effect of the hole.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 15 The gain mechanism 4 also includes an active motor 401 fixedly mounted on one side of the base 1. The output end of the active motor 401 is fixedly connected to an active wheel 402. The surface of the active wheel 402 is connected to a driven wheel 403 via a belt drive. The driven wheel 403 is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder 404. A sliding column 407 is slidably engaged on the inner side of the rotating cylinder 404. A spiral groove is opened on the surface of the cylindrical cam rod 408. One end of the sliding column 407 is slidably connected to the spiral groove opened on the surface of the cylindrical cam rod 408. The rotating cylinder 404 is rotatably connected to the base 1.

[0023] During operation, when the transverse machining center 2 and the longitudinal machining center 3 are not clamping and fixing the pulley placed above the placement plate 405 with the cutting tool, the drive motor 401 located on one side of the base 1 is activated. The drive motor 401 drives the drive wheel 402 to rotate, and the drive wheel 402 drives the rotating cylinder 404 inside the driven wheel 403 to rotate inside the base 1 via belt transmission. At this time, the rotation of the rotating cylinder 404 drives the slide column 407 to rotate. When the slide column 407 rotates, one end of it located inside the spiral groove on the surface of the cylindrical cam rod 408 will move circumferentially along the cylindrical cam rod 408, thereby pushing the cylindrical cam rod 408 to move upward inside the rotating cylinder 404 (e.g., ...). Figures 5 to 6As shown), the cylindrical cam rod 408 moves upward, thereby driving the connecting sleeve 409 to move. This allows the push rod 412 to push the trapezoidal block 413 to slide inside the placement plate 405 through the hinge ball, causing the push rod 412 to change from an inclined state to a horizontal state. This allows the auxiliary block 414 to contact the bottom of the pulley, increasing the overall contact area between the pulley and the placement plate 405, making the placement plate 405 more stable when performing hole processing. It should be noted that when one end of the sliding column 407 moves on the helical groove on the surface of the cylindrical cam rod 408, thrust grooves (such as those provided at the top and bottom of the helical groove) are present. Figure 5 As shown), when one end of the sliding column 407 slides to the position of the thrust groove, and since the sliding column 407 and the rotating cylinder 404 are slidably engaged, the sliding column 407 no longer pushes the cylindrical cam rod 408 upward. At this time, one end of the sliding column 407 is located inside the thrust groove, the cylindrical cam rod 408 is stationary, and the sliding column 407 no longer follows the rotating cylinder 404 to continue rotating. This allows the connecting sleeve 409 on the surface of the cylindrical cam rod 408 to be in a stable state, so that the inclined surfaces on both sides of the trapezoidal block 413 can fully and stably contact the auxiliary block 414. This facilitates the dispersion of the vertical extrusion force generated by the pulley during hole processing, reduces the possibility of local stress concentration during pulley processing, and effectively improves the processing effect of the pulley. To further explain, once the cylindrical cam rod 408 and the connecting sleeve 409 are both in a stable state, the push rod 412 located inside the placement plate 405 is also in a horizontal and stable state. This effectively improves the contact stability between the auxiliary block 414 and the pulley, preventing resonance. Furthermore, because the upper part of the rotating cylinder 404 is arranged in a hexagonal pyramid shape (e.g., ... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when machining the holes in the center area of ​​the pulley, the iron filings and waste liquid generated can also flow from the top to the bottom of the rotating drum 404, which can prevent the accumulation of iron filings and waste liquid in the center area of ​​the pulley. This not only enables the rotating drum 404 to stably drive the placement plate 405 and the pulley placed on it to move, but also effectively improves the discharge effect of iron filings and waste liquid, and effectively improves the overall effect of the composite machining of the pulley.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 15 The end of the sliding column 407 away from the spiral groove of the cylindrical cam rod 408 is elastically connected to a pawl block 416. The inside of the rotating cylinder 404 is fixedly connected to a ratchet disc 415 that cooperates with the pawl block 416. A sealing gasket is provided at the sliding position of the cylindrical cam rod 408 and the rotating cylinder 404. A sealing gasket is also provided at the position where the rotating cylinder 404 is rotatably connected to the base 1.

[0025] During operation, considering that one end of the sliding column 407 slides on the spiral groove opened on the surface of the cylindrical cam rod 408, and pushes the cylindrical cam rod 408 to move up and down inside the rotating cylinder 404, in order to prevent the waste liquid generated during the processing of the pulley from entering the interior of the rotating cylinder 404 and affecting the normal operation of the rotating cylinder 404, a sealing gasket is set at the sliding position between the rotating cylinder 404 and the cylindrical cam rod 408. Even if the cylindrical cam rod 408 is driven by the sliding column 407 to move at this time, the waste liquid generated during processing will not affect the normal operation of the rotating cylinder 404. The reason for setting the sealing gasket at the rotation position between the rotating cylinder 404 and the base 1 is the same as above. Furthermore, it needs to be explained that when the rotatable rotating cylinder 404 drives the inner slidingly engaged sliding column 407 to rotate, when the sliding column 407 pushes the cylindrical cam rod 408 upward to its limit position, at this time one end of the sliding column 407 will be inside the thrust groove and will no longer push the cylindrical cam rod 408 to continue rotating. However, if the sliding column 407 needs to push the cylindrical cam rod 408 to reset later, it cannot be effectively reset. Therefore, a pawl block 416 is elastically connected to the end of the sliding column 407 away from the cylindrical cam rod 408, and a ratchet disc 415 is provided inside the rotating cylinder 404 (e.g., Figures 5 to 7 As shown), when the rotating cylinder 404 drives the sliding column 407 to rotate forward, the ratchet disc 415 at one end of the sliding column 407 will not contact the pawl block 416 to generate thrust. If one end of the sliding column 407 is inside the thrust groove, the pawl block 416 will no longer push the sliding column 407 to continue rotating. However, when the rotating cylinder 404 rotates in reverse, the pawl block 416 at one end of the sliding column 407 will engage with the ratchet disc 415. At this time, the rotation of the rotating cylinder 404 will drive the ratchet disc 415 to rotate, thereby causing the pawl block 416 to rotate in the opposite direction. The rotation of 416 drives the sliding column 407 to move, causing one end of the sliding column 407 to slide inside the spiral groove on the surface of the cylindrical cam rod 408. At this time, one end of the sliding column 407 will first slide out from the thrust groove at the bottom of the spiral groove, and then push the cylindrical cam rod 408 downward to perform the reset work. At this time, the cylindrical cam rod 408 will drive the connecting sleeve 409 to move, thereby causing the push rod 412 driven by the connecting sleeve 409 to change from a horizontal state to an inclined state, so that the auxiliary block 414 no longer contacts the bottom of the pulley, and finally completes the processing work of the pulley.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 15The base 1 is also equipped with an auxiliary mechanism 5 for cooperating with the gain mechanism 4 to counteract the pressure exerted by the tool on the pulley. The auxiliary mechanism 5 includes a connecting cylinder 502 fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder 404. The connecting cylinder 502 is splinedly connected to a rotating rod 501. A conical disk 503 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod 501. Multiple sliding top blocks 504 are slidably engaged on the outer side of the conical disk 503. A matching rod 505 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the sliding top block 504. One end of the matching rod 505 is in sliding contact with a cylindrical cam rod 408. The cylindrical cam rod 408 is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating rod 501.

[0027] The present invention also considers that although increasing the contact area between the pulley and the placement disk 405 can disperse the vertical extrusion force exerted by the tool on the pulley, thereby improving the stability of the pulley during processing, since the multiple expansion blocks 406 clamp the pulley in an expansion clamping state, the outer side of the bottom of the pulley is in a stable state at this time. Although the central area can reduce the impact of tool stress concentration to a certain extent, when drilling holes at different positions in the central area, the extrusion force on the pulley will change at any time, which will also affect the normal drilling of the pulley, causing the pulley to be affected by the stress concentration of the tool. Therefore, to avoid the above situation, the present invention fixes a conical disk 503 to the surface of the rotating rod 501, and sets the upper end surfaces of both the conical disk 503 and the cylindrical cam rod 408 to be conical. When the cylindrical cam rod 408 drives the connecting sleeve 409 to move upward synchronously inside the rotating cylinder 404, the cylindrical cam rod 408 will also contact one end of the mating rod 505 through the upper conical surface. When the mating rod 505 is subjected to the squeezing force brought by the upper conical surface of the cylindrical cam rod 408, the sliding top block 504 at one end of the mating rod 505 will slide on the upper conical surface of the conical disk 503, thereby making the sliding top block 504 contact the center hole of the pulley. It should be noted that in the initial state, the sliding top block 504 does not slide from the surface of the conical disk 503, and at this time the sliding top block 504 is in an unopened state (e.g. Figure 13 As shown, after the pulley is placed on the surface of the placement plate 405 and fixed, and the auxiliary block 414 fully contacts the bottom of the pulley, the sliding top block 504 will slide on the conical surface above the conical plate 503 and then contact the center hole of the pulley, thus contacting the pulley from the inside out and applying a stable force to it, which can effectively improve the stability of the pulley during processing. It should be noted that, since a rotating rod 501 is sleeved inside the cylindrical cam rod 408, when the rotating cylinder 404 rotates and drives the connecting cylinder 502 to rotate, the rotation of the connecting cylinder 502 will also drive the rotating rod 501 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the rotating rod 501 will drive the conical disc 503 and the multiple sliding top blocks 504 slidably engaged on its outer side to rotate synchronously (e.g., Figure 5 and Figure 11 As shown, since the cylindrical cam rod 408 has not yet reached its limit in its upward movement, the outer surface of the sliding block 504 has not yet contacted the center hole of the pulley to support it from the inside out. Therefore, the conical disk 503 drives the sliding block 504 to rotate at the center hole of the pulley, so that the sliding block 504 can adapt to the center hole of the pulley, which is equivalent to rotating at the center hole of the pulley. This facilitates the sliding block 504 to slide on the conical surface of the conical disk 503, enabling stable movement and full contact with the pulley. When drilling holes or machining the outer groove of the pulley, the conical disk 503 and the sliding block 504 can also effectively support it, so that the vertical and lateral extrusion forces on the pulley are offset, making the pulley more stable during the machining process and effectively improving the machining effect of the pulley.

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 15 The auxiliary mechanism 5 also includes multiple clamping plates 506 disposed above the rotating cylinder 404. Wedge plates 507 are fixedly connected to the upper two sides of the clamping plates 506. A wedge groove is provided in the middle position of the mating rod 505. The two sides of the wedge plates 507 are adapted to the wedge groove provided in the middle position of the mating rod 505. The lower part of the clamping plates 506 is movably connected to the surface of the top rod 412. A telescopic rod is provided between the lower part of the clamping plates 506 and the rotating cylinder 404.

[0029] During operation, considering that the cylindrical cam rod 408 pushes one end of the mating rod 505 to slide through the upper conical surface, thereby causing the sliding top block 504 at one end of the mating rod 505 to slide on the surface of the conical disk 503, and when limiting the position of the center hole of the pulley from the inside to the outside, in order to improve the stability of the mating rod 505 after contacting the pulley and to counteract the squeezing force of the tool on the pulley, a wedge groove is opened in the middle position of the mating rod 505. When the connecting sleeve 409 drives the push rod 412 from the inclined state to the horizontal state through the hinge ball, the push rod 412 will also drive the expansion block 406 from bottom to top. As the sliding top block 504 moves to its limit position on the surface of the conical disk 503, the top rod 412 is about to reach a horizontal state. The clamping plate 506, which moves from bottom to top on the surface of the top rod 412, will also drive the wedge plate 507 to insert into the wedge groove position opened in the middle of the mating rod 505. This allows the sliding top block 504 at one end of the mating rod 505 to stably contact the center hole of the pulley, thereby effectively improving the stability of the contact between the sliding top block 504 and the center hole, and thus effectively improving the stability of the pulley during processing and improving the effect of processing the center of the pulley. It should be noted that since the movement of the push rod 412 changes from an initial inclined state to a horizontal state, if the clamping plate 506 is directly driven by the push rod 412 at this time, the clamping plate 506 will not move vertically from bottom to top in spatial motion. Therefore, by setting multiple elastic connecting posts (such as...) between the clamping plate 506 and the connection position of the push rod 412, Figures 11 to 13 As shown), at this time, the push rod 412 will not directly contact the clamping plate 506. Furthermore, by setting a telescopic rod between the clamping plate 506 and the rotating cylinder 404, when the push rod 412 drives the clamping plate 506 to move through the elastic connecting column, the telescopic rod can also limit the movement of the clamping plate 506 to a certain extent. This allows the wedge plates 507 on both sides above the clamping plate 506 to be stably inserted into the wedge groove opened in the middle position of the mating rod 505, which can effectively improve the contact stability between the sliding push block 504 and the pulley, thereby fully improving the offsetting effect of the pulley being squeezed by the tool.

[0030] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 15 The cylindrical cam rod 408 has an annular limiting groove 410 inside. An active block 411 is provided on the inner side of the limiting groove 410. The active block 411 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod 501, and the rotating rod 501 is slidably connected to the rotating cylinder 404.

[0031] During operation, considering that after the sliding top block 504 contacts the center hole of the pulley, if the rotating rod 501 continues to rotate with the connecting cylinder 502, the sliding top block 504 will cause motion interference with the pulley, making it impossible for the sliding top block 504 to effectively counteract the squeezing force of the tool on the pulley from the inside out. Therefore, when the sliding column 407 pushes the cylindrical cam rod 408 upward, when the cylindrical cam rod 408 moves to half the distance of the complete path, the cylindrical cam rod 408 will push the driving block 411 to move upward synchronously through the annular limiting groove 410 inside. Since the driving block 411 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 501, when the driving block 411 moves upward, it will drive the rotating rod 501 to move upward inside the rotating cylinder 404. At this time, the upward movement of the rotating rod 501 will pull it out from inside the connecting cylinder 502 (e.g., Figure 7 As shown in the figure, since the rotating rod 501 and the connecting cylinder 502 are splined, when the rotating rod 501 is subjected to the upward thrust transmitted by the active block 411, the lower end of the rotating rod 501 will be stably pulled out from the inside of the connecting cylinder 502. At this time, even if the connecting cylinder 502 driven by the rotating cylinder 404 continues to rotate, it will not drive the rotating rod 501 to continue to rotate. At this time, the sliding top block 504 also just reaches the designated position and contacts the center position of the pulley. This can effectively improve the contact stability between the sliding top block 504 and the pulley, and also prevent the sliding top block 504 from contacting the pulley. It should be noted that when the connecting cylinder 502 drives the rotating rod 501 to rotate, the multiple sliding top blocks 504 driven by the rotating rod 501 through the conical disk 503 will slowly rotate and open at the center hole of the pulley. On the one hand, this allows the sliding top blocks 504 to fully and stably contact the center hole of the pulley, making the sliding top blocks 504 fit the center hole of the pulley. On the other hand, it allows the force used by the cylindrical cam rod 408 to push the mating rod 505 to be reduced when the conical surface above the cylindrical cam rod 408 pushes one end of the mating rod 505. This can avoid the cylindrical cam rod 408 pushing the mating rod 505 and effectively improve the stability and smoothness of the sliding top blocks 504 sliding on the conical surface above the conical disk 503.

[0032] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 15 Above the base 1, there is also a cooperating mechanism 6 for assisting the transverse processing machine 2 and the longitudinal processing machine 3 in processing the pulley. The cooperating mechanism 6 includes a fixed frame 601 fixedly connected to the base 1. A pair of limiting frames 605 are slidably connected below the fixed frame 601. The height of the limiting frame 605 is higher than the height of the pulley when it is placed above the placement plate 405. The side of the limiting frame 605 near the pulley is electrically telescopic.

[0033] The present invention also fully considers that when it is necessary to process the groove on the outer periphery of the pulley, the pulley will be subjected to lateral extrusion force from the cutting tool. Since the cutting tool is in a continuous feeding state when the groove is processed, and the lower center position of the pulley is in a limited state, while the outer side is not limited, the cutting tool feed extrusion force on the pulley is the greatest when the groove is processed at the uppermost position of the pulley. If only the lower and middle positions of the pulley are limited, the lower expansion block 406 expansion clamping and the middle sliding top block 504 expansion from the inside to the outside may become loose, thereby affecting the effect of the pulley composite processing. Therefore, to avoid the above situation, a fixing bracket 601 is set above the base 1, and a pair of limiting brackets 605, initially higher than the pulley height, are set below the fixing bracket 601. After the pulley is placed, the limiting brackets 605 are positioned directly above the pulley, and then the limiting brackets 605 are activated to extend and retract until the lower part of the limiting brackets 605 contacts the upper surface of the pulley. When the pulley is rotated by the placement plate 405, the limiting brackets 605 will always be in contact with the upper part of the pulley, thus ensuring that the pulley is in contact with the pulley. The limiting bracket 605 can fully fit the pulley. If the uppermost part of the pulley is grooved at this time, under the dual action of multiple sliding top blocks 504 and the limiting bracket 605, combined with the expanding clamping force of the bottom expanding block 406, the stability of the pulley during the processing can be improved in all aspects. Therefore, whether the pulley is machined with holes in the central area or with grooves on the outer periphery, it can effectively counteract the vertical and lateral extrusion forces generated by the tool during machining, and can fully improve the stability of the composite machining of the pulley.

[0034] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 15 A steel wire rope 604 is fixedly connected to the side of the limit frame 605 near the pulley. A protective cylinder 602 is slidably connected to the surface of the steel wire rope 604. A drum 603 is snapped to the other end of the steel wire rope 604. The drum 603 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 501.

[0035] During operation, after the pulley is placed above the placement plate 405 and one end of the wire rope 604 is engaged with the drum 603, the rotation of the rotating rod 501 will cause the drum 603 to rotate. The rotation of the drum 603 will pull the wire rope 604 engaged on its surface, causing the wire rope 604 to be wound up to the surface of the drum 603. Only then will the wire rope 604 drive a pair of limit frames 605 to move relative to each other and move to directly above the pulley. Then, the limit frames 605 will be activated to extend and retract, so that their lower parts are always in contact with the upper surface of the pulley to limit its movement. It should be noted that the extension and retraction of the limit frames 605 is prior art, and will not be described in detail here. Furthermore, after the rotating rod 501 disengages from the connecting cylinder 502, the rotating rod 501 stops rotating, and the trapezoidal block 413 at one end of the top rod 412 reaches the designated position. The sliding top block 504 also fully contacts the center hole of the pulley. At this time, the drum 603 also stops rotating and is in a stationary state. The pulled limit frame 605 can also be accurately positioned above the pulley, which can effectively improve the contact effect and stability between the limit frame 605 and the pulley. At this time, the limit frame 605 and the sliding top block 504 cooperate to fully limit the pulley. Even if the top of the pulley is grooved at this time, it will not affect the stability of the pulley.

[0036] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 15 The protective cylinder 602 is telescopic. A sliding groove is provided above the limit frame 605 and at the sliding position of the fixed frame 601. The size of the drum 603 is smaller than the size of the center hole of the pulley. A pair of limit frames 605 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the drum 603.

[0037] During operation, when one end of a pair of wire ropes 604 is engaged with the surface of the drum 603 and wound up, the protective drum 602 is fully extended on one side of the fixing frame 601. At this time, the wire ropes 604 can slide better inside the protective drum 602, thus being wound up by the rotating drum 603. Furthermore, since the diameter of the drum 603 is smaller than the center hole of the pulley, when the pulley is placed above the placement disc 405, it effectively prevents the pulley from being unable to fit. And after the pulley has been drilled and grooved, the engagement point is then... After removing one end of the wire rope 604 from the surface of the drum 603, and then moving the drive limit frame 605, the wire rope 604 will move inside the protective drum 602. Since the end of the wire rope 604 connected to the drum 603 is equipped with a locking block, the movement of the wire rope 604 can drive the protective drum 602 to retract until the protective drum 602 retracts to the appropriate position and stops moving. At this time, the processed pulley is removed from the top of the placement plate 405, completing the multi-process processing of the pulley, which can effectively improve the efficiency of pulley processing.

[0038] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 15 A collection chamber 7 is provided on one side of the base 1. The rotating cylinder 404 is cone-shaped. The upper and lower sides of the sliding column 407 are slidably engaged with the rotating cylinder 404 through the sliding plate. The pawl block 416 at one end of the sliding column 407 is inclined.

[0039] During operation, when the iron filings and waste liquid generated from processing the pulley fall into the interior of the base 1, they will flow from the inclined inner side of the base 1 into the collection chamber 7 for collection, which facilitates the subsequent recycling of waste liquid. Furthermore, by setting the rotating cylinder 404 in a conical shape, when waste liquid and iron filings fall from the surface of the placement plate 405, the rotating cylinder 404 can guide them to the inclined surface inside the base 1, so that they flow into the collection chamber 7, preventing waste liquid from entering the interior of the rotating cylinder 404 and affecting its normal operation. It should be noted that when the rotating cylinder 404 drives the sliding column 407 to move, the sliding plates on the upper and lower sides of the sliding column 407 will also drive it to move. At this time, the sliding column 407 can drive the cylindrical cam rod 408 to move up and down through its end, which can effectively improve the stability of the cylindrical cam rod 408 moving inside the rotating cylinder 404. Furthermore, since the pawl block 416 at one end of the sliding column 407 is inclined, when the rotating cylinder 404 rotates in the opposite direction and drives the ratchet disk 415 to move, the ratchet disk 415 can contact the inclined pawl block 416, thereby driving the sliding column 407 to move in the opposite direction, and thus driving the cylindrical cam rod 408 to move. This can effectively improve the stability and smoothness of the movement of the cylindrical cam rod 408.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite machining device for crankshaft pulleys of large displacement engines, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, A transverse machining center (2) and a longitudinal machining center (3) for machining pulleys are provided above the base (1). An enhancement mechanism (4) for assisting the transverse machining center (2) and the longitudinal machining center (3) in machining pulleys is provided inside the base (1). The enhancement mechanism (4) includes a rotatable rotating cylinder (404). A placement plate (405) is fixedly connected above the rotating cylinder (404). An expansion block (406) for expanding and clamping the crankshaft pulley is provided inside the placement plate (405). The rotating cylinder (404) has an inner... A cylindrical cam rod (408) is slidably connected to the cylindrical cam rod (408), and a connecting sleeve (409) is fixedly connected to the surface of the cylindrical cam rod (408). Multiple push rods (412) are hinged to the outer side of the connecting sleeve (409) through a hinge ball joint. A trapezoidal block (413) is hinged to the other end of the push rod (412) through a hinge ball joint. Auxiliary blocks (414) are slidably contacted on both sides of the trapezoidal block (413). The auxiliary blocks (414) are slidably connected to the placement plate (405). The rotation of the rotating cylinder (404) can drive the cylindrical cam rod (408) to move longitudinally.

2. The composite machining device for a large displacement engine crankshaft pulley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gain mechanism (4) also includes an active motor (401) fixedly mounted on one side of the base (1). The output end of the active motor (401) is fixedly connected to an active wheel (402). The surface of the active wheel (402) is connected to a driven wheel (403) via a belt drive. The driven wheel (403) is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder (404). The inner side of the rotating cylinder (404) is slidably engaged with a sliding column (407). The surface of the cylindrical cam rod (408) is provided with a spiral groove. One end of the sliding column (407) is slidably connected to the spiral groove on the surface of the cylindrical cam rod (408). The rotating cylinder (404) is rotatably connected to the base (1).

3. The composite machining device for a large displacement engine crankshaft pulley according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the slide column (407) away from the spiral groove of the cylindrical cam rod (408) is elastically connected to a pawl block (416). The inside of the rotating cylinder (404) is fixedly connected to a ratchet disc (415) that cooperates with the pawl block (416). A sealing gasket is provided at the sliding position of the cylindrical cam rod (408) and the rotating cylinder (404). A sealing gasket is also provided at the position where the rotating cylinder (404) is rotatably connected to the base (1).

4. The composite machining device for a large displacement engine crankshaft pulley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) is also provided with an auxiliary mechanism (5) for cooperating with the gain mechanism (4) to counteract the pressure of the tool on the pulley. The auxiliary mechanism (5) includes a connecting cylinder (502) fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder (404). The connecting cylinder (502) is splined with a rotating rod (501). A conical disk (503) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod (501). Multiple sliding top blocks (504) are slidably engaged on the outer side of the conical disk (503). A matching rod (505) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the sliding top block (504). One end of the matching rod (505) is in sliding contact with the cylindrical cam rod (408). The cylindrical cam rod (408) is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating rod (501).

5. The composite machining device for a large displacement engine crankshaft pulley according to claim 4, characterized in that, The auxiliary mechanism (5) also includes multiple clamping plates (506) set above the rotating cylinder (404). Wedge plates (507) are fixedly connected to the upper two sides of the clamping plate (506). A wedge groove is opened in the middle position of the mating rod (505). The two sides of the wedge plate (507) are adapted to the wedge groove opened in the middle position of the mating rod (505). The lower part of the clamping plate (506) is movably connected to the surface of the top rod (412). A telescopic rod is set between the lower part of the clamping plate (506) and the rotating cylinder (404).

6. The composite machining device for a large displacement engine crankshaft pulley according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cylindrical cam rod (408) has an annular limiting groove (410) inside. An active block (411) is provided on the inner side of the limiting groove (410). The active block (411) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod (501), and the rotating rod (501) is slidably connected to the rotating cylinder (404).

7. The composite machining device for a large displacement engine crankshaft pulley according to claim 1, characterized in that, Above the base (1) is a cooperating mechanism (6) for assisting the transverse machining machine (2) and the longitudinal machining machine (3) in processing the pulley. The cooperating mechanism (6) includes a fixed frame (601) fixedly connected to the base (1). A pair of limiting frames (605) are slidably connected below the fixed frame (601). The height of the limiting frame (605) is higher than the height of the pulley when it is placed above the placement plate (405). The limiting frame (605) is electrically telescopic on the side near the pulley.

8. The composite machining device for a large displacement engine crankshaft pulley according to claim 7, characterized in that, A steel wire rope (604) is fixedly connected to the side of the limit frame (605) near the pulley. A protective cylinder (602) is slidably connected to the surface of the steel wire rope (604). A drum (603) is snapped to the other end of the steel wire rope (604). The drum (603) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (501).

9. The composite machining device for a large displacement engine crankshaft pulley according to claim 8, characterized in that, The protective cylinder (602) is telescopic. A sliding groove is provided above the limiting frame (605) and at the sliding position of the fixed frame (601). The size of the drum (603) is smaller than the size of the center hole of the pulley. A pair of limiting frames (605) are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the drum (603).

10. A composite machining device for a large displacement engine crankshaft pulley according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base (1) has a collection chamber (7) on one side, the rotating cylinder (404) is conical, the sliding column (407) is slidably engaged with the rotating cylinder (404) on both sides by a sliding plate, and the pawl block (416) at one end of the sliding column (407) is inclined.

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