Multi-axis linkage numerical control machining equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses multi-axis linkage numerical control machining equipment, and relates to the technical field of multi-axis machining centers. A linkage mechanism is arranged between the thermosensitive assembly and the blade mechanism and used for linking the blade mechanism to be close to the outer wall inclined face of the tool bit through temperature changes, and blades of the blade mechanism are driven to rotate through power of the tool bit. A plurality of flow deflectors are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder; by arranging the annular gap formed by the outer cylinder and the main shaft shell, the blade mechanism, the linkage mechanism and the thermosensitive assembly, automatic starting and stopping of the main shaft heat dissipation system are achieved. When the temperature of the bearing area of the main shaft rises, the thermosensitive assembly triggers the linkage mechanism, the blade mechanism is automatically connected with the cutter head rotating at a high speed, heat dissipation airflow is driven through power of machining, and therefore the effect of efficient heat dissipation according to needs is achieved, the operation temperature of the main shaft is effectively reduced, the service life of the main shaft is prolonged, an additional driving source is not needed, and cost is reduced. The energy is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of multi-axis machining center technology, specifically to a multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment. Background Technology

[0002] As the manufacturing industry continues to develop towards intelligence and precision, vertical machining centers, as core processing equipment, play a crucial role in the machining of complex parts in fields such as aerospace, shipbuilding, and energy equipment. Through multi-axis linkage and automatic tool changing systems, they can efficiently complete operations such as milling, drilling, and tapping. The spindle system, as the core component directly performing cutting tasks, has its thermal characteristics directly affecting the machining accuracy, surface quality, and lifespan of the equipment. In the high-speed, high-precision machining of large bushing-type parts, if the heat generated by the spindle during prolonged continuous operation cannot be dissipated in time, it will cause thermal deformation, severely restricting the performance of the machine tool.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with announcement number CN119635414A discloses a moving column type multi-axis linkage vertical machining center. This machine tool achieves four-axis linkage (X, Y, Z, A) by integrating multi-axis linkage components (such as Z-axis transmission component 8, X-axis transmission component 10, cross slide 11, Y-axis transmission component 12, and A-axis rotary table 14) to meet the machining requirements of complex spatial curves.

[0004] Its tool magazine assembly (first tool magazine 6 and second tool magazine 7) works in conjunction with the CNC system 1 to support automatic tool changing, improving the level of machining automation. However, this patented solution has significant shortcomings in the thermal management of the spindle box 5. As a key power component, the spindle box 5 generates a large amount of heat during high-speed cutting, but the patent description does not mention a dedicated spindle cooling or thermal compensation mechanism. Although the machine tool is equipped with a fully enclosed outer protective shell 3, while this structure can provide waterproofing and chip protection, it may also hinder internal airflow, exacerbating heat accumulation in the spindle area.

[0005] To address the above issues, there is an urgent need for a multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment, which solves the problem that machining centers generate a large amount of heat during high-speed cutting. In addition, the machine tool is equipped with a fully enclosed outer protective shell. Although this structure can play a role in waterproofing and chip prevention, it may also hinder internal air circulation and aggravate the problem of heat accumulation in the spindle area, especially the bearing part.

[0007] Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment, comprising: a frame, an X-axis, a Y-axis, a Z-axis, a C-axis, a spindle box, a spray assembly, a spindle, and a tool head. The frame is equipped with an X-axis and a Y-axis; the X-axis is equipped with a Z-axis; the Z-axis is equipped with a spindle box; the spindle is equipped with a spindle; a tool head is located at the bottom of the spindle; a spray assembly is located around the tool head on the spindle box; the Y-axis is equipped with a C-axis; the C-axis is equipped with a worktable; and an auxiliary heat dissipation assembly, fixed to the spindle box, is fitted around the spindle's outer shell. The auxiliary heat dissipation assembly includes... The outer cylinder is fixed to the spindle box, creating a gap for heat dissipation between the outer cylinder and the spindle housing; the blade mechanism is movably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder to draw airflow into the gap; the recovery mechanism is fixedly connected inside the outer cylinder to recover debris entrained in the airflow; at least two thermally sensitive components are provided on the spindle housing near the bearing; a linkage mechanism is provided between the thermally sensitive components and the blade mechanism to link the blade mechanism to the inclined surface of the outer wall of the cutter head through temperature changes, using the power of the cutter head to drive the blades of the blade mechanism to rotate; several guide vanes are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the blade mechanism includes an outer ring; a rotating ring is rotatably connected coaxially inside the outer ring; an inner ring is rotatably connected coaxially inside the rotating ring; a number of blades are fixedly connected between the rotating ring and the inner ring; the inner wall of the inner ring fits into the inclined surface of the outer wall of the cutter head, and a gap is provided between the inner wall of the inner ring and the inclined surface of the outer wall of the cutter head.

[0009] Furthermore, at least two guide rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder, and a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the two guide rods; a sliding hole is provided on the outer ring to be movably connected to the guide rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the thermally sensitive component includes a thermally conductive shell made of thermally conductive material. The thermally conductive shell has a rectangular hollow structure with a through bottom. The interior of the thermally conductive shell is equipped with a thermal expansion airbag, and the bottom end of the thermal expansion airbag is supported by a linkage mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes at least two connecting rods fixedly connected to the outer ring; each connecting rod has a lever hinged at its top end, and the fulcrum of the lever is set on the outer shell of the main shaft; the bottom end of the thermal expansion airbag is supported on the short end of the lever; the outer wall of the outer cylinder has exhaust holes corresponding to the number of levers, and the levers pass through the exhaust holes and connect to the connecting rods.

[0012] Furthermore, the recovery mechanism includes a recovery ring groove fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The recovery ring groove is inclined, and there is a gap between the inner side of the recovery ring groove and the outer wall of the main shaft housing. Above the recovery ring groove, a guide ring is fixedly connected to the main shaft housing. The outer edge of the guide ring covers half of the recovery ring groove, and there is a gap between the outer edge of the guide ring and the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The gap between the inner side of the recovery ring groove and the outer wall of the main shaft housing is smaller than the gap between the outer edge of the guide ring and the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The gap between the upper surface of the recovery ring groove and the lower surface of the guide ring is smaller than the gap between the inner side of the recovery ring groove and the outer wall of the main shaft housing. A discharge port is fixedly connected to the bottom of the recovery ring groove.

[0013] Furthermore, a magnetic ring is fixedly connected inside the outer main body of the recycling ring groove; a smooth layer is fixedly connected inside the recycling ring groove.

[0014] Furthermore, several guide vanes form several spirally distributed guide channels that avoid the recovery ring groove and the guide ring; the tops of the several guide channels form a merging channel that corresponds one-to-one with the exhaust port.

[0015] Furthermore, the ratio between the long end and the short end of the lever is 10:1.

[0016] Furthermore, the vertical gap between the inner wall of the inner ring and the outer inclined surface of the cutter head is less than 5mm.

[0017] Beneficial effects The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention achieves automatic start and stop of the spindle cooling system by setting an annular gap formed by the outer cylinder and the spindle housing, a blade mechanism, a linkage mechanism, and a thermal component. When the temperature in the spindle bearing area rises, the thermal component triggers the linkage mechanism, which automatically engages the blade mechanism with the high-speed rotating tool head, using the power of the machining itself to drive the cooling airflow, thereby achieving efficient cooling on demand, effectively reducing the operating temperature of the spindle, extending its service life, and eliminating the need for an additional drive source, thus saving energy and protecting the environment.

[0018] (2) This invention achieves efficient and stable transmission of rotational power by setting an inner ring with a specific conical inner wall that fits into the inclined surface of the outer wall of the cutter head. Under non-high temperature conditions, the two maintain a gap and do not interfere with each other; when heat dissipation is required, the linkage mechanism makes the inner ring contact the inclined surface of the cutter head, and directly drives the blade mechanism to rotate through friction. The structure is ingenious and the response is rapid.

[0019] (3) By setting a sliding structure including a light rod and a sliding hole, the present invention provides precise guidance and stable support for the overall up and down movement of the blade mechanism, ensuring that the inner ring can accurately engage or separate from the inclined surface of the cutter head, while the limiting ring effectively prevents the blade mechanism from moving down excessively or detaching.

[0020] (4) This invention converts minute temperature change signals into mechanical displacement sufficient to drive the blade mechanism by setting a linkage mechanism based on the principle of thermal expansion airbag and lever. By setting the ratio of the long arm to the short arm of the lever to 10:1, the expansion of the thermal expansion body is significantly amplified, making the system extremely sensitive to temperature changes and ensuring the timeliness and reliability of heat dissipation response.

[0021] (5) This invention constructs a multi-stage inertial separation channel by setting up a recovery mechanism consisting of a recovery ring groove and a guide ring, and precisely controlling the multi-layer gap dimensions between the recovery ring groove and the main shaft housing, the guide ring and the outer cylinder, and the recovery ring groove and the guide ring. This design utilizes the sudden change in airflow velocity in a variable cross-section, variable direction channel to separate the carried metal debris from the airflow due to inertia and capture it in the recovery ring groove, effectively preventing debris from accumulating in the heat dissipation gap, ensuring heat dissipation efficiency and the cleanliness of the main shaft.

[0022] (6) By setting a magnetic ring in the recycling ring groove, the present invention can actively adsorb ferromagnetic metal debris in the airflow, enhance the capture ability of key pollutants, and further improve the debris recycling effect.

[0023] (7) By setting a smooth layer on the inner wall of the recycling ring groove, the present invention reduces the adhesion of debris and coolant residue, so that the recycled debris can be discharged more smoothly through the outlet, has self-cleaning ability, and reduces maintenance requirements.

[0024] (8) This invention guides and rectifies the airflow generated by the blade mechanism by setting spirally distributed guide vanes on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, forming an orderly spiral upward airflow channel. This not only increases the contact area and time between the airflow and the main shaft housing, improving heat exchange efficiency, but also guides the airflow to be concentrated and discharged from the exhaust port, optimizing the airflow path and enhancing the overall heat dissipation effect.

[0025] (9) By using thermally conductive materials to manufacture the air guide plate and making it contact the spindle housing, the air guide plate not only guides the airflow but also acts as an auxiliary heat dissipation fin, further transferring the heat generated by the spindle to the airflow and improving the heat dissipation performance.

[0026] (10) Through the coordinated arrangement of the above-mentioned mechanisms, the present invention realizes an automatic, efficient, and self-driven integrated solution for heat dissipation and debris recycling. This solution can automatically start and stop the cooling fan according to the actual temperature of the spindle, and effectively separate and recycle harmful debris generated during processing, thereby producing significant comprehensive benefits in terms of extending equipment life, ensuring processing accuracy, and reducing maintenance.

[0027] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 Axonometric view of the whole invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 Axonometric view of the whole invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the outer cylinder of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the main shaft of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer cylinder of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an isometric view of the internal components of the outer cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the inner ring of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the thermally conductive outer casing of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an isometric view of the recycling mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is an isometric view of the guide vane of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: Frame 1, X-axis 2, Y-axis 3, Z-axis 4, C-axis 5, Spindle box 6, Spray assembly 7, Spindle 8, Tool head 81, Auxiliary heat dissipation assembly 9, Outer cylinder 91, Exhaust port 911, Smooth rod 912, Limiting ring 913, Blade mechanism 92, Outer ring 921, Rotating ring 922, Blade 923, Inner ring 924, Sliding hole 925, Recovery mechanism 93, Recovery ring groove 931, Guide ring 932, Discharge port 933, Magnetic ring 934, Linkage mechanism 94, Connecting rod 941, Lever 942, Thermosensitive component 95, Heat-conducting shell 951, Thermal expansion airbag 952, Guide vane 96. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-10This invention provides a technical solution: a multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment, including: a frame 1, an X-axis 2, a Y-axis 3, a Z-axis 4, a C-axis 5, a spindle box 6, a spray assembly 7, a spindle 8, and a tool head 81. The frame 1 is provided with the X-axis 2 and the Y-axis 3, the X-axis 2 is provided with the Z-axis 4, the Z-axis 4 is provided with the spindle box 6, the spindle box 6 is provided with the spindle 8, the bottom end of the spindle 8 is provided with the tool head 81, the spindle box 6 is provided with the spray assembly 7 located around the tool head 81, which is used for cooling and lubrication during the machining process, the Y-axis 3 is provided with the C-axis 5, and the C-axis 5 is provided with a worktable (not labeled in the figure) for clamping the workpiece and realizing rotational movement. The frame, X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, C-axis, spindle box, spray assembly, spindle, and tool head all utilize existing technologies.

[0032] An auxiliary heat dissipation assembly 9, which is fixed on the spindle box 6, is fitted around the outer periphery of the spindle 8. The auxiliary heat dissipation component 9 is fixed to the spindle box 6 by bolts to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the spindle 8; The auxiliary heat dissipation assembly 9 includes: an outer cylinder 91 fixed on the spindle box 6, which forms a gap for heat dissipation between the outer cylinder 91 and the outer shell of the spindle 8; The blade mechanism 92 is movably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 91 and is used to draw airflow into the gap; The recovery mechanism 93 is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer cylinder 91 and is used to recover debris entrained in the airflow; The housing of the spindle 8 is provided with at least two thermal components 95 near the bearing; A linkage mechanism 94 is provided between the thermal component 95 and the blade mechanism 92, which is used to link the blade mechanism 92 to approach the outer wall inclined surface of the cutter head 81 through temperature changes, and use the power of the cutter head 81 to drive the blade 923 of the blade mechanism 92 to rotate. Several guide vanes 96 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91.

[0033] In practical implementation, the auxiliary heat dissipation assembly 9 includes an outer cylinder 91, which is fixed to the spindle box 6 via a flange connection, forming an annular gap between the outer cylinder 91 and the outer shell of the spindle 8 for airflow and heat dissipation. A blade mechanism 92 is movably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 91 via a sliding structure. Initially, the blade mechanism 92 maintains a distance from the cutter head 81. When triggered, the blade mechanism 92 moves towards the cutter head 81, contacting its inclined surface. The rotation of the cutter head 81 drives the blades 923 of the blade mechanism 92, drawing external airflow into the gap. A recovery mechanism 93 is welded to the inside of the outer cylinder 91, located above the gap, to capture metal debris carried in the airflow. At least two thermally sensitive components 95 are embedded in the outer shell of the spindle 8 near the bearing, symmetrically arranged to monitor temperature. A linkage mechanism 94 is provided between the thermal component 95 and the blade mechanism 92. The linkage mechanism 94 drives the blade mechanism 92 to move towards the cutter head 81 based on the temperature change of the thermal component 95, so that the inner ring 924 of the blade mechanism 92 is close to the outer wall slope of the cutter head 81. The high-speed rotation of the cutter head 81 drives the blades 923 of the blade mechanism 92 to rotate, thereby enhancing the airflow circulation. Several guide vanes 96 are welded on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91. The guide vanes 96 are evenly distributed circumferentially to guide the airflow direction.

[0034] Further reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 The blade mechanism 92 includes an outer ring 921; The outer ring 921 is internally coaxially rotatably connected to a rotating ring 922, which is connected to the outer ring 921 via a bearing structure. An inner ring 924 is coaxially arranged inside the rotating ring 922; A number of blades 923 are fixedly connected between the rotating ring 922 and the inner ring 924, and the blades 923 are integral with the rotating ring 922 and the inner ring 924. The inner wall of the inner ring 924 fits into the outer inclined surface of the tool head 81, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the inner ring 924 and the outer inclined surface of the tool head 81.

[0035] In its implementation, the blade mechanism 92 includes an outer ring 921 made of aluminum alloy, characterized by its lightweight and high strength. A rotating ring 922 is coaxially connected to the interior of the outer ring 921 via bearings, allowing the rotating ring 922 to rotate freely relative to the outer ring 921. An inner ring 924, made of wear-resistant material such as copper alloy, is coaxially located inside the rotating ring 922. Several blades 923 are fixedly connected to the rotating ring 922 and the inner ring 924 via riveting / welding / integral molding. The blades 923 are arc-shaped, numbering 12, and evenly distributed to create a fan effect. The inner wall of the inner ring 924 is machined into a tapered surface, fitting the inclined surface of the outer wall of the cutter head 81. A small gap is reserved between the inner wall of the inner ring 924 and the inclined surface of the outer wall of the cutter head 81 to ensure that the movement of the cutter head 81 is not interfered with in a non-contact state, but power transmission is achieved through friction during operation.

[0036] Further reference Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 At least two smooth rods 912 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 91, and a limiting ring 913 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the two smooth rods 912; The outer ring 921 has a sliding hole 925 that is movably connected to the guide rod 912.

[0037] In practical implementation, at least two smooth rods 912 are welded to the bottom of the outer cylinder 91. The smooth rods 912 are made of stainless steel and extend vertically downwards. The bottom ends of the two smooth rods 912 are fixedly connected to a limiting ring 913 by threads. The limiting ring 913 is used to limit the downward movement limit of the blade mechanism 92. The outer ring 921 is machined with sliding holes 925 corresponding to the number of smooth rods 912. The sliding holes 925 are embedded with linear bearings, allowing the outer ring 921 to slide up and down along the smooth rods 912 while maintaining stability. When the blade mechanism 92 is pulled by the linkage mechanism 94, the outer ring 921 moves upwards along the smooth rods 912 until the inner wall of the inner ring 924 matches the inclined surface of the outer wall of the cutter head 81.

[0038] A bellows can be installed between the outer ring 921 and the bottom end face of the outer cylinder 91 for connection. Further reference Figure 5 and Figure 8 The thermal component 95 includes a thermally conductive shell 951 made of thermally conductive material. The thermally conductive shell 951 has a rectangular hollow structure and a through bottom. The interior of the thermally conductive shell 951 is provided with a thermal expansion airbag 952. The bottom end of the thermal expansion airbag 952 is supported by the linkage mechanism 94.

[0039] In practical implementation, the thermally sensitive component 95 includes a heat-conducting shell 951, which is made of copper alloy and has a rectangular hollow structure with an opening at the bottom. The heat-conducting shell 951 is fixed to the housing of the spindle 8 by screws and directly contacts the bearing area to sense temperature. The interior of the heat-conducting shell 951 is filled with a thermal expansion bladder 952, which is made of rubber material and sealed with a thermal expansion medium. The bottom end of the thermal expansion bladder 952 extends out of the opening of the heat-conducting shell 951 and is supported on the short end of the lever 942 of the linkage mechanism 94. When the bearing temperature of the spindle 8 rises, heat is transferred through the heat-conducting shell 951, causing the thermal expansion bladder 952 to expand and push the linkage mechanism 94 downward.

[0040] Further reference Figure 7 The linkage mechanism 94 includes at least two connecting rods 941 that are fixedly connected to the outer ring 921; The top of each connecting rod 941 is hinged with a lever 942, and the fulcrum of the lever 942 is set in the housing of the main shaft 8; The bottom of the thermal expansion airbag 952 is supported on the short end of the lever 942; The outer wall of the outer cylinder 91 has vent holes 911 that correspond one-to-one with the number of levers 942. The levers 942 pass through the vent holes 911 and are connected to the connecting rod 941.

[0041] In practical implementation, the linkage mechanism 94 includes at least two connecting rods 941 fixedly connected to the outer ring 921. The connecting rods 941 are steel rods extending vertically upwards. A lever 942 is hinged to the top of each connecting rod 941. The fulcrum of the lever 942 is fixed to the housing of the main shaft 8 via a pin. The bottom end of the thermal expansion airbag 952 is supported on the short end of the lever 942, and the long end of the lever 942 extends outwards and connects to the connecting rods 941. The outer wall of the outer cylinder 91 has exhaust holes 911 corresponding to the number of levers 942. The exhaust holes 911 are used for airflow discharge, and the levers 942 pass through the exhaust holes 911 and connect to the connecting rods 941. When the thermal expansion airbag 952 expands, it pushes the short end of the lever 942 downward. According to the lever principle, the long end of the lever 942 tilts upward, and through the connecting rod 941, it pulls the blade mechanism 92 upward along the guide rod 912, so that the inner ring 924 contacts the inclined surface of the cutter head 81.

[0042] Further reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 The recycling mechanism 93 includes a recycling annular groove 931 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91. The recycling annular groove 931 is inclined and there is a gap between the inner side of the recycling annular groove 931 and the outer wall of the main shaft 8. A guide ring 932 is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the main shaft 8 above the recovery ring groove 931. The outer edge of the guide ring 932 covers half of the recovery ring groove 931, and there is a gap between the outer edge of the guide ring 932 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91. The gap between the inner side of the recovery ring groove 931 and the outer wall of the main shaft 8 is smaller than the gap between the outer edge of the guide ring 932 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91. The gap between the upper surface of the recovery ring groove 931 and the lower surface of the guide ring 932 is smaller than the gap between the inner side of the recovery ring groove 931 and the outer wall of the main shaft 8. The bottom of the recycling ring trough 931 is fixedly connected to a discharge port 933.

[0043] In practical implementation, the recycling mechanism 93 includes a recycling ring groove 931 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91. The recycling ring groove 931 is fixed by welding an annular groove body and is inclined at an angle of 15° to 30° to facilitate the sliding of debris. A 3mm gap is maintained between the inner side of the recycling ring groove 931 and the outer wall of the main shaft 8 to avoid contact. A guide ring 932 is provided above the recycling ring groove 931. The guide ring 932 is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the main shaft 8 by a snap fastener. The outer edge of the guide ring 932 extends above the recycling ring groove 931, blocking half of the opening of the recycling ring groove 931. An 8mm gap is left between the outer edge of the guide ring 932 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91 to form an airflow channel. An outlet 933 is drilled at the bottom of the recycling ring groove 931. The outlet 933 is connected to a hose to guide the debris into a collection container.

[0044] The gap between the upper surface of the recovery ring groove 931 and the lower surface of the guide ring 932 is 5mm; The gap between the inner side of the recovery ring groove 931 and the outer wall of the main shaft 8 is precisely set to 3 mm, while the gap between the outer edge of the guide ring 932 located thereon and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91 is set to 8 mm. This bottom-up, gradually increasing channel design is the key to achieving debris separation.

[0045] Small channel: A 3mm gap is maintained between the inner side of the recycling annular groove 931 and the outer wall of the main shaft 8 housing; Middle channel: A 5mm gap is maintained between the upper surface of the recovery ring groove 931 and the lower surface of the guide ring 932. Large channel: An 8mm gap is left between the outer edge of the guide ring 932 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91; The airflow first enters the small channel, then the medium channel, and finally the large channel. The airflow direction is first vertically upward, then horizontal, and finally vertically upward again. An airflow carrying coolant mist and metal debris flows upward under the drive of the blade mechanism 92. The separation process is based on the airflow sequentially passing through three channels with different cross-sectional areas and changing directions. The airflow first enters the narrowest channel, an annular channel with a gap of only 3mm formed between the inner side of the recovery ring groove 931 and the outer wall of the main shaft 8's outer casing, where it is accelerated and rushes vertically upward. Subsequently, under the action of the guide ring 932, the airflow immediately enters the middle channel with a height of 5mm, an approximately horizontal channel between the upper surface of the recovery ring groove 931 and the lower surface of the guide ring 932. This initial expansion of the flow cross-section causes the airflow velocity to decrease, the streamlines to expand, and the direction of motion to change from vertically upward to approximately horizontal. During this turning process, the largest metal debris, due to its great inertia, cannot quickly follow the airflow streamlines and thus violently impacts the bottom surface of the guide ring 932 directly above. After the impact, some metal debris falls downwards, while others enter the area above the recovery ring groove 931 with the lateral airflow and eventually fall into the recovery ring groove 931.

[0046] After initial separation, the airflow continues to flow horizontally and then enters a large channel with an 8mm gap formed between the outer edge of the guide ring 932 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91. This channel guides the airflow direction to turn vertically upward again. The second significant expansion of the flow cross-section causes the airflow velocity to decrease further, resulting in the separation of lighter debris and some large droplets from the airflow due to inertia. These particles collide with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91 and eventually converge and slide into the recovery ring groove 931. After these two inertial separation steps involving directional changes and sudden velocity drops, the purified airflow finally enters the main heat dissipation area smoothly upward.

[0047] Furthermore, a magnetic ring 934 is fixedly connected inside the outer main body of the recycling ring groove 931; The fixed connection inside the recycling ring groove 931 is provided with a smooth layer.

[0048] In practical implementation, a magnetic ring 934 is embedded inside the outer main body of the recovery ring trough 931. The magnetic ring 934 is made of neodymium iron boron material and is fixed by interference fit to adsorb ferromagnetic debris in the airflow. The inside of the recovery ring trough 931 is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene smooth layer with a thickness of 0.1 mm to reduce debris adhesion and improve self-cleaning ability.

[0049] Furthermore, several guide vanes 96 form several spirally distributed guide channels, which avoid the recovery ring groove 931 and the guide ring 932; The tops of several guide channels form a merging channel that corresponds one-to-one with the exhaust port 911.

[0050] In practical implementation, a number of guide vanes 96 are spot-welded to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 91. There are eight guide vanes 96, evenly distributed circumferentially. The curved surface design of the guide vanes 96 forms several spirally distributed guide channels. The paths of these channels avoid the locations of the recovery ring groove 931 and the guide ring 932, ensuring unobstructed airflow. The tops of these guide channels converge to form merging channels corresponding one-to-one with the exhaust ports 911. Each merging channel faces one exhaust port 911, allowing the airflow entering from the exhaust ports 911 to be evenly dispersed and accelerated.

[0051] Airflow direction: Blade 923 → Guide channel → Small channel → Medium channel → Large channel → Guide channel → Merging channel → Exhaust port 911; The vent 911 is located at the same location as the thermal expansion airbag 952, which can also cool down the thermal expansion airbag 952.

[0052] The guide vane 96 is in contact with the housing of the main shaft 8, and the guide vane 96 is made of a thermally conductive metal material.

[0053] Furthermore, the ratio between the long end and the short end of lever 942 is 10:1.

[0054] In practical implementation, the length ratio between the long and short ends of lever 942 is set to 10:1, meaning the length of the long end is 10 times the length of the short end. This design amplifies the minute displacement of the thermal expansion airbag 952. When the thermal expansion airbag 952 expands by 0.1 mm, the long end of lever 942 can produce a displacement of 1 mm, thereby ensuring that the blade mechanism 92 can respond quickly to temperature changes.

[0055] Furthermore, the vertical gap between the inner wall of the inner ring 924 and the outer inclined surface of the cutter head 81 is less than 5mm.

[0056] In practical implementation, the vertical gap between the inner wall of the inner ring 924 and the inclined surface of the outer wall of the cutter head 81 is set to be less than 5mm, specifically 3mm. This gap is small enough to ensure that when the blade mechanism 92 moves upward, the inner ring 924 can quickly contact the inclined surface of the cutter head 81, and drive the rotating ring 922 to rotate through friction.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment, comprising: The machine includes a frame (1), an X-axis (2), a Y-axis (3), a Z-axis (4), a C-axis (5), a spindle box (6), a spray assembly (7), a spindle (8), and a tool head (81). The frame (1) is equipped with an X-axis (2) and a Y-axis (3). The X-axis (2) is equipped with a Z-axis (4). The Z-axis (4) is equipped with a spindle box (6). The spindle box (6) is equipped with a spindle (8). The bottom end of the spindle (8) is equipped with a tool head (81). The spindle box (6) is equipped with a spray assembly (7) located around the tool head (81). The Y-axis (3) is equipped with a C-axis (5). The C-axis (5) is equipped with a worktable. The machine is characterized by: The outer shell of the spindle (8) is fitted with an auxiliary heat dissipation component (9) fixed on the spindle box (6). The auxiliary heat dissipation assembly (9) includes: an outer cylinder (91) fixed on the spindle box (6) to form a gap for heat dissipation between the outer cylinder (91) and the outer shell of the spindle (8); The blade mechanism (92) is movably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder (91) and is used to draw airflow into the gap; The recycling mechanism (93) is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer cylinder (91) and is used to recycle debris entrained in the airflow; The housing of the spindle (8) is provided with at least two thermal components (95) near the bearing. A linkage mechanism (94) is provided between the thermal component (95) and the blade mechanism (92) to link the blade mechanism (92) to the outer wall slope of the cutter head (81) through temperature changes, and to drive the blade (923) of the blade mechanism (92) to rotate using the power of the cutter head (81). Several of the aforementioned guide vanes (96) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (91).

2. The multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade mechanism (92) includes an outer ring (921); The outer ring (921) is coaxially rotatably connected to a rotating ring (922) inside. The rotating ring (922) has an inner ring (924) coaxially arranged inside; A plurality of blades (923) are fixedly connected between the rotating ring (922) and the inner ring (924). The inner wall of the inner ring (924) fits into the outer inclined surface of the cutter head (81), and a gap is provided between the inner wall of the inner ring (924) and the outer inclined surface of the cutter head (81).

3. The multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least two light rods (912) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder (91), and a limiting ring (913) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the two light rods (912). The outer ring (921) is provided with a sliding hole (925) that is movably connected to the light rod (912).

4. A multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thermal component (95) includes a thermally conductive shell (951) made of thermally conductive material. The thermally conductive shell (951) has a rectangular hollow structure and a bottom that is through. The interior of the thermally conductive shell (951) is provided with a thermal expansion airbag (952). The bottom end of the thermal expansion airbag (952) is supported by a linkage mechanism (94).

5. A multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism (94) includes at least two connecting rods (941) fixedly connected to the outer ring (921). The top of each connecting rod (941) is hinged with a lever (942), and the fulcrum of the lever (942) is set in the outer shell of the main shaft (8); The bottom end of the thermal expansion airbag (952) is supported on the short end of the lever (942); The outer wall of the outer cylinder (91) is provided with exhaust holes (911) corresponding to the number of levers (942). The levers (942) pass through the exhaust holes (911) and are connected to the connecting rods (941).

6. A multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The recycling mechanism (93) includes a recycling annular groove (931) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (91). The recycling annular groove (931) is inclined and there is a gap between the inner side of the recycling annular groove (931) and the outer wall of the main shaft (8). A guide ring (932) is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the main shaft (8) above the recycling ring groove (931). The outer edge of the guide ring (932) covers half of the recycling ring groove (931), and there is a gap between the outer edge of the guide ring (932) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (91). The gap between the inner side of the recovery ring groove (931) and the outer wall of the main shaft (8) is smaller than the gap between the outer edge of the guide ring (932) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (91). The gap between the upper surface of the recovery ring groove (931) and the lower surface of the guide ring (932) is smaller than the gap between the inner side of the recovery ring groove (931) and the outer wall of the main shaft (8). The bottom of the recycling ring trough (931) is fixedly connected to a discharge port (933).

7. A multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A magnetic ring (934) is fixedly connected inside the outer main body of the recycling ring groove (931). The recycling ring groove (931) has a smooth layer fixedly connected inside the groove.

8. A multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: Several of the aforementioned guide vanes (96) constitute several spirally distributed guide channels, which avoid the recovery ring groove (931) and the guide ring (932). The tops of several of the flow channels form a merged channel that corresponds one-to-one with the exhaust port (911).

9. A multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ratio between the long end and the short end of the lever (942) is 10:

1.

10. A multi-axis linkage CNC machining equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vertical gap between the inner wall of the inner ring (924) and the outer inclined surface of the cutter head (81) is less than 5 mm.

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