Multi-stage nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection mold

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of injection molds, and particularly relates to an injection mold multi-stage nested positioning guide mechanism which comprises a main plate, a movable mold and a fixed mold, a plurality of guide rods are arranged between the main plate and the fixed mold, the movable mold is in sliding fit with the guide rods, a first driving structure used for driving the movable mold to move is arranged on the main plate, and the injection mold multi-stage nested positioning guide mechanism further comprises a positioning structure, the positioning structure comprises a first positioning rod fixedly arranged on the fixed mold; the first positioning hole is formed in the movable mold; the second positioning hole is formed in the first positioning rod; the second positioning rod is assembled on the movable mold in a sliding manner; the adjustable buffer unit is accommodated in the first positioning hole; the second driving structure is arranged on the guide rod and is in driving connection with the adjustable buffer unit and the second positioning rod; the transmission structure is arranged on the main board; by arranging the positioning structure, step-by-step positioning of the movable mold and the fixed mold in the axial direction and the radial direction is achieved, a mold closing gap is eliminated, the glue overflowing prevention effect is greatly improved, and the molding yield of injection molding products is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of injection molds, specifically a multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds. Background Technology

[0002] Injection molding is the most widely used molding process in the plastics processing field. Injection molds are the core equipment of this process, and their precision directly determines the dimensional accuracy, appearance quality and molding stability of plastic products. Among them, the positioning and guiding mechanism, as a key component of the injection mold, mainly undertakes the precise alignment of the moving mold and the fixed mold and guides the opening and closing of the mold, which is the basis for ensuring the normal operation of the mold.

[0003] A patent application with publication number CN117301449A discloses a guiding device and method for injection molds using a rotary guiding structure. The device includes a lower module, an injection tube, an upper template, and two elongated grooves. It also includes a rotating device located in the middle of the bottom surface of the upper template. The rotating device comprises a square housing, a four-axis motor, four rotating rings, four concave rings, and four threaded rods. The square housing is fixed in the middle of the bottom surface of the upper template and is located on the front side of the upper template. The four-axis motor is fixedly installed inside the back of the square housing, and the four rotating rings are respectively fixed to the back of the four-axis motor shaft. Through the rotary guiding action of the threaded rods and threaded holes, the upper template and lower module close more tightly, preventing gaps and glue overflow during use.

[0004] The above solution can only guide the movement of the template, without any mold locking and positioning technology. It cannot fundamentally eliminate the mold closing gap, and the expected anti-overflow effect is poor. At the same time, its vibration reduction and impact protection design is only achieved by a fixed elastic spring, which lacks adaptive buffer adjustment capability. It cannot match the vibration reduction force according to the real-time movement speed of the moving mold during mold closing. When the moving mold moves at a high speed, the fixed elastic spring is difficult to effectively offset the impact and vibration of mold closing, which can easily cause hard collision of the template. This will aggravate the fit gap between the threaded rod and the threaded hole, further amplify the positioning deviation, widen the mold closing gap, and in turn aggravate the overflow problem. It will also cause impact wear on the mold components.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds, comprising: a main board, a moving mold, and a fixed mold, wherein a plurality of guide rods are provided between the main board and the fixed mold, the moving mold is slidably engaged with the guide rods, the main board is provided with a first driving structure for driving the displacement of the moving mold, and further comprising: a positioning structure, the positioning structure comprising: a first positioning rod fixed to the fixed mold; a first positioning hole formed on the moving mold; a second positioning hole formed on the first positioning rod; and a second positioning rod slidably assembled to the moving mold; An adjustable buffer unit housed inside the first positioning hole; a second drive structure mounted on the guide rod, which is drivenly connected to the adjustable buffer unit and the second positioning rod respectively; and a transmission structure mounted on the main board, which transmits matching power to the second drive structure according to the real-time moving speed of the moving mold during mold closing, thereby adjusting the buffering performance of the adjustable buffer unit; wherein, when the moving mold displacement stops, the second drive structure drives the second positioning rod to insert into the second positioning hole.

[0008] Preferably, the first drive structure includes: a lead screw with one end fixed on the moving mold; and a nut rotatably mounted on the main board, wherein the lead screw and the nut cooperate to form a lead screw pair.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustable buffer unit includes: a circular tube rotatably mounted in the first positioning hole, the circular tube being used to hold buffer solution; a push plate slidably mounted in the first positioning hole, one end of the push plate being mounted inside the circular tube, and a first circular plate being installed at that end; a second circular plate slidably mounted inside the circular tube, the second circular plate being rotatably mounted with the first circular plate, and the two dividing the interior of the circular tube into two cavities; a first hole and a second hole respectively opened on the second circular plate and the first circular plate, the first hole and the second hole allowing buffer solution to flow between the two cavities, the larger the intersection range of the two, the smoother the flow of buffer solution, and the smaller the buffering effect on the first positioning rod; and a first spring installed between the second circular plate and the circular tube.

[0010] Preferably, the second drive structure includes: a first gear rotatably mounted on the outside of the circular tube; a second gear mounted on the guide rod, the second gear meshing with the first gear, the guide rod rotatably connected to the fixed mold and the main board; and a first ring rotatably mounted on the moving mold, the first ring being slidably mounted with the guide rod.

[0011] Preferably, the second drive structure includes: a second ring rotatably mounted on the moving mold, the second ring being threadedly assembled with the second positioning rod; and a ratchet sleeved on the outside of the second ring; A telescopic plate is assembled on the moving mold; a first rack plate and a second rack plate are fixedly installed on the movable part of the telescopic plate, the first rack plate is meshed with the second gear, and the second rack plate is meshed with the ratchet.

[0012] Preferably, the second drive structure further includes: a mounting shell fixed on the moving mold, the second positioning rod being slidably assembled with the mounting shell; a first torsion spring mounted between the ratchet and the mounting shell; a connecting block slidably assembled on the moving mold, the connecting block being rotatably equipped with a pawl for limiting the unidirectional rotation of the ratchet; and a push rod for pushing the connecting block to slide, the push rod being slidably assembled with the movable part of the telescopic plate.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission structure includes: a third gear for driving the guide rod to rotate, the third gear being rotatably assembled with the main board; a fourth gear for driving the third gear to rotate, the fourth gear being rotatably assembled on the main board; an arc-shaped plate slidably mounted on the main board; a connecting rod for transmission, the two ends of the connecting rod being rotatably connected to the arc-shaped plate and the fourth gear respectively; a third circular plate rotatably assembled on the first driving structure; and a plurality of telescopic rods assembled on the third circular plate, the ends of the telescopic rods abutting against one side of the arc-shaped plate.

[0014] Preferably, the first drive structure further includes: an internal gear ring rotatably mounted on the main board, the internal gear ring being fixedly mounted to the nut; a sun gear rotatably mounted on the main board, the circular plate being connected to the sun gear; and a planet carrier rotatably mounted on the main board, on which a plurality of planet gears are rotatably mounted, the planet gears simultaneously meshing with the sun gear and the internal gear ring; wherein the internal gear ring, the sun gear, and the planet gears cooperate to form a planetary gear mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the first driving structure further includes: a secondary gear sleeved on the outer periphery of the third circular plate; an electromagnet fixed on the sun gear; a magnetic ring mounted on the secondary gear; a primary gear for driving the rotation of the secondary gear, with a chain for transmission mounted between the primary gear and the secondary gear; and a switch mounted on the second driving structure, the switch being located within the movement range of the second positioning rod; wherein, when the second positioning rod contacts the switch, that is, after the second positioning rod moves out of the second positioning hole, the electromagnet is energized, so that the secondary gear drives the sun gear to rotate synchronously through the electromagnet and the magnetic ring.

[0016] Preferably, a ball bearing is nested at the end of the telescopic rod that abuts against the arc-shaped plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds described in this invention achieves axial and radial step-by-step positioning of the moving mold and the fixed mold through the positioning structure, eliminating gaps in mold closing, solving the problem of poor anti-overflow effect in existing technologies, and effectively improving the molding accuracy and yield of injection molded products.

[0018] 2. The multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds described in this invention, by setting an adjustable buffer unit, can adaptively adjust the buffer damping performance according to the real-time moving speed of the moving mold through the second drive structure and transmission structure, thereby reducing mold closing vibration and impact, avoiding hard collisions of the mold plates, reducing wear of mold components and expansion of fitting clearance, and significantly extending the service life of injection molds and supporting equipment.

[0019] 3. The multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds described in this invention, through the setting of planetary gear mechanism, can amplify the moving speed of the moving mold and increase the closing power torque. The transmission structure transmits matching power according to the rotation speed of the first drive structure. Combined with the timing constraints of ratchet and pawl, it ensures that the mold closing and opening actions are precise and orderly, and guarantees the stability and reliability of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a rear view of the motherboard of this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the second gear of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first ring of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the moving mold and mounting shell of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the push plate of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the moving mold of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the circular tube of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the motherboard of this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the first driving structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the motherboard of this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the No. 3 circular plate of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic ring and electromagnet of the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Main board; 2. Moving mold; 3. Fixed mold; 4. Guide rod; 5. First drive structure; 51. Lead screw; 52. Nut; 53. Internal gear ring; 54. Sun gear; 55. Planetary carrier; 56. Secondary gear; 57. Electromagnet; 58. Magnetic ring; 59. Main gear; 510. Switch; 511. Planetary gear; 6. Positioning structure; 61. First positioning rod; 62. First positioning hole; 63. Second positioning hole; 64. Second positioning rod; 65. Adjustable buffer unit; 651. Circular tube; 652. Push plate; 653. Circular plate No. 1; 654. Circular plate No. 2 656. Circular plate; 657. Hole No. 1; 658. Hole No. 2; 659. Spring No. 1; 70. Second drive structure; 71. Gear No. 1; 72. Gear No. 2; 73. Ring No. 1; 74. Ring No. 2; 75. Ratchet; 76. Telescopic plate; 77. Rack plate No. 1; 78. Rack plate No. 2; 79. Mounting housing; 710. Torsion spring No. 1; 711. Connecting block; 712. Push rod; 713. Pawl; 80. Transmission structure; 81. Gear No. 3; 82. Gear No. 4; 83. Arc plate; 84. Connecting rod; 85. Circular plate No. 3; 86. Telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1-14As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for an injection mold, comprising: a main plate 1, a moving mold 2, and a fixed mold 3. A plurality of guide rods 4 are disposed between the main plate 1 and the fixed mold 3. The moving mold 2 is slidably engaged with the guide rods 4. The main plate 1 is equipped with a first driving structure 5 for driving the displacement of the moving mold 2. The mechanism also includes: a positioning structure 6 for positioning the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3. The positioning structure 6 includes: a first positioning rod 61 fixed to the fixed mold 3; a first positioning hole 62 for the first positioning rod 61 to be fitted into, which is formed on the moving mold 2; a second positioning hole 63 formed on the first positioning rod 61; a second positioning rod 64 slidably fitted to the moving mold 2; and an adjustable buffer unit 6 housed inside the first positioning hole 62. 5. The adjustable buffer unit 65 is directly housed inside the first positioning hole 62 of the moving mold 2, forming a nested fit between the first positioning hole 62 and the adjustable buffer unit 65; the second drive structure 7 mounted on the guide rod 4 is drivenly connected to the adjustable buffer unit 65 and the second positioning rod 64 respectively; and the transmission structure 8 mounted on the main board 1 is used to transmit matching power to the second drive structure 7 according to the real-time drive speed of the first drive structure 5; wherein, the second drive structure 7 adjusts the buffering performance of the adjustable buffer unit 65 in real time according to the power transmitted by the transmission structure 8, and drives the second positioning rod 64 to insert into the second positioning hole 63 of the first positioning rod 61 when the speed of the first drive structure 5 is zero and the displacement of the moving mold 2 stops.

[0024] Specifically, existing technology can only guide the movement of the template without any mold locking and positioning techniques. It cannot fundamentally eliminate the mold closing gap, resulting in poor anti-overflow effect. At the same time, its vibration damping and impact protection design is only achieved through a fixed-elasticity spring, lacking adaptive buffer adjustment capability. It cannot match the vibration damping force according to the real-time movement speed of the moving mold 2 during mold closing. When the moving mold 2 moves at a high speed, the fixed-elasticity spring is difficult to effectively offset the impact and vibration of mold closing, which can easily cause hard collisions of the template. This will aggravate the fit clearance between the threaded rod and the threaded hole, further amplify the positioning deviation, widen the mold closing gap, and in turn aggravate the overflow problem. It will also cause impact wear on the mold components. During mold closing: The first drive structure 5 is activated, driving the moving mold 2 to move along the guide rod 4 towards the fixed mold 3, thus achieving the mold closing action between the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3. As the moving mold 2 approaches the fixed mold 3, the first positioning rod 61 is first fitted and nested into the first positioning hole 62, completing the axial positioning of the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3 (the axial direction corresponds to the opening and closing axis direction of the injection mold). At the same time, the transmission structure 8 collects the driving speed of the first drive structure 5 in real time and transmits matching power to the second drive structure 7. The second drive structure 7 adjusts the speed in real time according to this power. The buffering performance of the buffer unit 65 effectively reduces the vibration amplitude generated by the moving mold 2 during movement and mold closing, suppresses the mold closing vibration phenomenon, and thus avoids equipment wear problems caused by the mold closing vibration of the injection mold. When the driving speed of the first driving structure 5 is zero, the displacement of the moving mold 2 stops completely and the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3 are in place, the second driving structure 7 drives the second positioning rod 64 to be nested and inserted into the second positioning hole 63 of the first positioning rod 61 to complete the radial positioning of the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3 (the radial direction corresponds to the direction perpendicular to the opening and closing axis of the injection mold). During mold opening: The second drive structure 7 is activated, firstly driving the second positioning rod 64 to disengage from the second positioning hole 63 of the first positioning rod 61, thus releasing the radial positioning of the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3; then the first drive structure 5 is activated, driving the moving mold 2 to move away from the fixed mold 3 along the guide rod 4, thus realizing the mold opening action of the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3; as the moving mold 2 moves away from the fixed mold 3, the first positioning rod 61 gradually disengages from the first positioning hole 62 of the moving mold 2, thus releasing the axial positioning of the two.

[0025] By setting the positioning structure 6, the axial and radial step-by-step positioning of the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3 is realized, eliminating the gaps in the mold closing, greatly improving the anti-overflow effect, and improving the molding yield of injection molded products. By setting an adjustable buffer unit 65, the buffering and vibration reduction capability is adaptively adjusted according to the moving speed of the moving mold 2, which effectively weakens the mold closing vibration, prevents the gap between the threaded rod and the threaded hole and other mating parts from widening due to vibration, and reduces the impact wear of mold parts, significantly extending the service life of injection molds and supporting equipment.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the first drive structure 5 includes: a lead screw 51 fixed at one end on the moving mold 2; a nut 52 rotatably mounted on the main board 1, the lead screw 51 and the nut 52 cooperate to form a lead screw pair; a ball bearing lead screw 51 is adopted.

[0027] Specifically, during operation, the control nut 52 rotates, causing the lead screw 51 and the moving mold 2 to move on the guide rod 4 to approach and move away from the fixed mold 3.

[0028] like Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the adjustable buffer unit 65 includes: a circular tube 651 rotatably mounted in the first positioning hole 62, the circular tube 651 being used to hold buffer solution; a push plate 652 slidably mounted in the first positioning hole 62, one end of the push plate 652 being mounted in the circular tube 651, and a first circular plate 653 being installed at that end; a second circular plate 654 slidably mounted in the circular tube 651, the second circular plate 654 being rotatably mounted with the first circular plate 653, and the two dividing the interior of the circular tube 651 into two cavities; a first hole 656 and a second hole 657 respectively opened on the second circular plate 654 and the first circular plate 653, the first hole 656 and the second hole 657 allowing buffer solution to flow between the two cavities, the larger the intersection range of the two, the smoother the flow of buffer solution, and the smaller the buffering effect on the first positioning rod 61; and a first spring 658 installed between the second circular plate 654 and the circular tube 651.

[0029] Specifically, as the moving mold 2 approaches the fixed mold 3, the first positioning rod 61 contacts the push plate 652, which pushes the first circular plate 653 and the second circular plate 654 to move. During the movement, the buffer solution flows between the two cavities through the intersection of the first hole 656 and the second hole 657. When the buffer solution passes through the intersection of the channels, it is subject to the frictional resistance of the hole wall and the viscous resistance between the molecules inside the liquid. These resistances together form a buffering force opposite to the direction of movement of the moving mold 2. Therefore, the moving speed of the moving mold 2 can be effectively buffered, the vibration generated during the mold closing process of the moving mold 2 can be suppressed, and the moving mold 2 can be prevented from making hard contact with the fixed mold 3 due to excessive impact. This reduces equipment wear and ensures the mold closing accuracy. In addition, the circular tube 651 is rotated and assembled with the first positioning hole 62. Therefore, the rotation of the circular tube 651 can drive the second circular plate 654 to rotate synchronously, so that the intersection of the first hole 656 and the second hole 657 changes, thereby adjusting the buffering capacity.

[0030] like Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the second drive structure 7 includes: a first gear 71 rotatably mounted on the outside of the circular tube 651; a second gear 72 mounted on the guide rod 4, the second gear 72 being meshed with the first gear 71, the guide rod 4 being rotatably connected to the fixed mold 3 and the main board 1; and a first ring 73 rotatably mounted on the moving mold 2, the first ring 73 being slidably mounted with the guide rod 4.

[0031] Specifically, the first gear 71 can rotate circumferentially relative to the circular tube 651 by a preset angle. When the rotation angle of the first gear 71 relative to the circular tube 651 exceeds the preset angle, the two are engaged, and the first gear 71 can drive the circular tube 651 to rotate synchronously. When the moving speed of the moving mold 2 is within a preset reasonable range, the adjustable buffer unit 65 maintains the initial buffer damping force to meet the normal mold closing buffer requirements; when the moving speed of the moving mold 2 exceeds the preset reasonable range, the power transmitted from the transmission structure 8 to the first gear 71 increases accordingly, driving the first gear 71 to rotate relative to the circular tube 651 to a preset angle, and further driving the circular tube 651 to rotate synchronously, thereby adjusting the buffer damping performance of the adjustable buffer unit 65 in real time to adapt to the buffer requirements during high-speed mold closing, effectively suppressing the vibration and impact generated by the high-speed movement of the moving mold 2; When adjusting the buffering performance of the adjustable buffer unit 65: the guide rod 4 rotates under the power transmitted by the transmission structure 8, and the guide rod 4 drives the second gear 72 to rotate synchronously. The second gear 72 drives the first gear 71 to rotate through meshing. The first gear 71 drives the circular tube 651 and the second circular plate 654 inside it to rotate synchronously. Since the first circular plate 653 cannot rotate, the intersection of the first hole 656 and the second hole 657 changes. The rotation angle of the first circular plate 653 is affected by the power transmitted by the transmission structure 8. The faster the moving mold 2 moves, the greater the power transmitted by the transmission structure 8, the greater the rotation angle of the second circular plate 654, the smaller the overlap of the first hole 656 and the second hole 657, the smaller the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the buffer solution, and thus the buffering damping performance of the adjustable buffer unit 65 increases accordingly.

[0032] like Figures 5-7 As shown, the second drive structure 7 includes: a second ring 74 rotatably mounted on the moving mold 2, the second ring 74 being threadedly assembled with the second positioning rod 64; a ratchet 75 sleeved on the outside of the second ring 74; a telescopic plate 76 mounted on the moving mold 2; a first rack plate 77 and a second rack plate 78 fixedly mounted on the movable part of the telescopic plate 76, the first rack plate 77 being meshed with the second gear 72, and the second rack plate 78 being meshed with the ratchet 75.

[0033] The second drive structure 7 also includes: a mounting shell 79 fixed on the moving mold 2, with the second positioning rod 64 slidably assembled with the mounting shell 79; a first torsion spring 710 installed between the ratchet 75 and the mounting shell 79; a connecting block 711 slidably assembled on the moving mold 2, with a pawl 713 rotatably mounted on the connecting block 711 to limit the unidirectional rotation of the ratchet 75; and a push rod 712 for pushing the connecting block 711 to slide, with the push rod 712 slidably assembled on the movable part of the telescopic plate 76.

[0034] Specifically, the telescopic plate 76 is driven and limited by a spring. The travel of rack plate 77 and rack plate 78 is a fixed value. When they move to the end of their travel, gear 72 continues to rotate. The tooth surfaces of rack plate 77 and rack plate 78 disengage from gear 72 and remain in their current position under the spring limit of telescopic plate 76 without any additional displacement. When gear 72 rotates in the opposite direction, its tooth surfaces re-engage with rack plate 77 and rack plate 78, thereby driving them to move synchronously in the opposite direction. The sliding of push rod 712 is to accommodate the telescopic plate 76. Both push rod 712 and connecting block 711 are equipped with magnetic components. The two can drive the connecting block 711 to slide downward through magnetic attraction. A torsion spring is provided between pawl 713 and connecting block 711. When the guide rod 4 rotates under the power transmitted by the transmission structure 8, the second gear 72 rotates synchronously and drives the first rack plate 77 to move downward through tooth surface meshing, thereby driving the telescopic plate 76 to retract, causing the second rack plate 78 and the push rod 712 to move downward synchronously. The second rack plate 78 drives the ratchet 75 and the second ring 74 to rotate synchronously through tooth surface meshing. At this time, the connecting block 711, not being limited by the push rod 712, slides downward under magnetic attraction, causing the pawl 713 to abut against the ratchet 75, realizing the unidirectional rotation limit of the ratchet 75. During the rotation of the ratchet 75, the first torsion spring 710 is forced to twist. Since the second ring 74 and the second positioning rod 64 are threadedly engaged, the rotation of the second ring 74 can drive the second positioning rod 64 to move further. As the moving mold 2 moves away from the first positioning hole 62, and the moving speed gradually decreases, the first positioning rod 61 is inserted into the first positioning hole 62. During this process, the guide rod 4 rotates in the opposite direction, and the telescopic plate 76 is extended through the meshing transmission of the second gear 72. During this process, the ratchet 75 cannot rotate due to the one-way limiting effect of the pawl 713. After the guide rod 4 is fully reset, the push rod 712 moves upward and drives the connecting block 711 to move upward synchronously, so that the pawl 713 is disengaged from the ratchet 75. The first torsion spring 710 then elastically resets and drives the ratchet 75 and the second ring 74 to rotate in the opposite direction. Through the threaded engagement of the two, the second positioning rod 64 is driven to move towards the fixed mold 3 and is inserted into the second positioning hole 63, completing the radial positioning of the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3. By setting ratchet 75 and pawl 713, the second positioning rod 64 can only start moving and inserting into the second positioning hole 63 after the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3 are in close contact, thus forming a mechanical positioning timing constraint.

[0035] like Figures 10-14As shown, the first drive structure 5 further includes: an internal gear ring 53 rotatably mounted on the main board 1, the internal gear ring 53 being fixedly mounted with a nut 52; a sun gear 54 rotatably mounted on the main board 1; a planet carrier 55 rotatably mounted on the main board 1, on which a plurality of planet gears 511 are rotatably mounted, the planet gears 511 meshing with the sun gear 54 and the internal gear ring 53 simultaneously; a main gear 59 for driving the sun gear 54 to rotate, and a chain for transmission is assembled between the main gear 59 and the sun gear 54; wherein, the internal gear ring 53, the sun gear 54 and the planet gears 511 cooperate to form a planetary gear mechanism.

[0036] The transmission structure 8 includes: a third gear 81 for driving the guide rod 4 to rotate, the third gear 81 being rotatably assembled with the main board 1; a fourth gear 82 for driving the third gear 81 to rotate, the fourth gear 82 being rotatably assembled on the main board 1; an arc-shaped plate 83 slidably mounted on the main board 1; a connecting rod 84 for transmission, the two ends of the connecting rod 84 being rotatably connected to the arc-shaped plate 83 and the fourth gear 82 respectively; a third circular plate 85 rotatably assembled on the first drive structure 5; and several telescopic rods 86 assembled on the third circular plate 85, the ends of the telescopic rods 86 abutting against one side of the arc-shaped plate 83.

[0037] The first drive structure 5 also includes: a secondary gear 56 sleeved on the outer periphery of the third circular plate 85; an electromagnet 57 fixed on the sun gear 54; a magnetic ring 58 mounted on the secondary gear 56; a main gear 59 for driving the rotation of the secondary gear 56, and a chain for transmission is mounted between the main gear 59 and the secondary gear 56; and a switch 510 mounted on the second drive structure 7, which is located within the movement range of the second positioning rod 64. When the second positioning rod 64 contacts the switch 510, that is, after the second positioning rod 64 moves out of the second positioning hole 63, the electromagnet 57 is energized, so that the secondary gear 56 drives the sun gear 54 to rotate synchronously through the electromagnet 57 and the magnetic ring 58.

[0038] Specifically, the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 86 is controlled by the elasticity of its internal spring. A magnetic attractor is fixed at the end of the telescopic rod 86 that contacts the arc plate 83. The arc plate 83 at the corresponding contact position is made of a magnetically conductive material that is compatible with the magnetic attractor. When the telescopic rod 86 extends, it pushes the arc plate 83 to move synchronously through rigid contact. When it resets, it drives the arc plate 83 to reset synchronously through the magnetic attraction of the magnetic attractor and the magnetically conductive material. The rotation of the main gear 59 can be achieved by installing a motor on the main board 1. A bearing is provided between the electromagnet 57 and the nut 52. During operation, the main gear 59 is controlled to rotate. The rotation of the main gear 59 drives the secondary gear 56 and the third circular plate 85 to rotate synchronously through chain transmission. The telescopic rod 86 extends under the action of centrifugal force, and after the telescopic rod 86 extends, it pushes the arc plate 83 to produce displacement. The arc plate 83 drives the fourth gear 82 to rotate through the connecting rod 84. The fourth gear 82 further drives the third gear 81 and the guide rod 4 to rotate synchronously. The guide rod 4 then drives the second positioning rod 64 to move away from the first positioning hole 62 through the second drive structure 7. When the second positioning rod 64 abuts against the switch 510 and triggers the switch 510, the magnetic ring 58 is energized, causing the secondary gear 56 to drive the sun gear 54 to rotate synchronously through the magnetic attraction between the electromagnet 57 and the magnetic ring 58. After the sun gear 54 rotates, it drives the internal gear ring 53 and the nut 52 to rotate synchronously through the meshing transmission of the planet gear 511. Then, through the threaded engagement between the lead screw 51 and the nut 52, the lead screw 51 drives the moving mold 2 to move along the guide rod 4 towards the fixed mold 3, so as to realize the moving mold 2 approaching the fixed mold 3. As the moving mold 2 approaches the fixed mold 3 and is about to fit together, the rotational speed of the auxiliary gear 56 and the third circular plate 85 gradually decreases. During this process, the telescopic rod 86 retracts under the elastic reset action of the internal spring, causing the arc plate 83 and the fourth gear 82 to reset, which in turn drives the third gear 81 and the guide rod 4 to reset synchronously. When the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3 are fully fitted together, the second positioning rod 64 moves towards the first positioning hole 62 and is inserted into the second positioning hole 63. During this process, the second positioning rod 64 disengages from the switch 510, the switch 510 is deactivated, and the magnetic ring 58 is de-energized. By setting up a planetary gear mechanism, not only can the moving speed of the moving mold 2 be amplified, but the torque of the mold closing power output can also be increased simultaneously, ensuring the power stability of the moving mold 2 during high-speed movement.

[0039] like Figure 12 As shown, a ball bearing is nested at one end of the telescopic rod 86 that abuts against the arc plate 83; the ball bearing reduces friction.

[0040] Working principle: During mold closing: The main gear 59 is controlled to rotate. The rotation of the main gear 59 drives the auxiliary gear 56 and the circular plate 85 to rotate synchronously through chain transmission. The telescopic rod 86 extends under the action of centrifugal force, and after the telescopic rod 86 extends, it pushes the arc plate 83 to produce displacement. The arc plate 83 drives the fourth gear 82 to rotate through the connecting rod 84. The fourth gear 82 further drives the third gear 81 to rotate synchronously with the guide rod 4. The guide rod 4 drives the second gear 72 to rotate synchronously, and through tooth surface meshing, it drives the first rack plate 77 to move downward, thereby driving the telescopic plate 76 to retract, so that the second rack plate 77... 8 moves downward synchronously with push rod 712. The second rack plate 78 drives ratchet 75 and second ring 74 to rotate synchronously through tooth surface meshing. At this time, the connecting block 711 is not limited by push rod 712 and slides downward under magnetic attraction, so that pawl 713 abuts against ratchet 75, realizing unidirectional rotation limit of ratchet 75. During the rotation of ratchet 75, the first torsion spring 710 is forced to twist. Since the second ring 74 and the second positioning rod 64 are threaded, the rotation of the second ring 74 can drive the second positioning rod 64 to move away from the first positioning hole 62. When the second positioning rod 64 abuts against the switch 510 and triggers the switch 510, the magnetic ring 58 is energized, causing the secondary gear 56 to drive the sun gear 54 to rotate synchronously through the magnetic attraction between the electromagnet 57 and the magnetic ring 58. After the sun gear 54 rotates, it drives the internal gear ring 53 and the nut 52 to rotate synchronously through the meshing transmission of the planet gear 511. Then, through the threaded engagement between the lead screw 51 and the nut 52, the lead screw 51 drives the moving mold 2 to move along the guide rod 4 towards the fixed mold 3, so as to realize the mold closing action of the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3. As the moving mold 2 approaches the fixed mold 3, the first positioning rod 61 is first inserted into the first positioning hole 62 to complete the axial positioning of the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3 (the axial direction corresponds to the opening and closing axis direction of the injection mold). When the moving speed of the moving mold 2 is within the preset reasonable range, the adjustable buffer unit 65 maintains the initial buffer damping force to meet the normal mold closing buffer requirements; when the moving speed of the moving mold 2 exceeds the preset reasonable range, the power transmitted from the transmission structure 8 to the second gear 72 increases accordingly, driving the first gear 71 to rotate relative to the circular tube 651 to a preset angle, and further driving the circular tube 651 to rotate synchronously. Since the first circular plate 653 cannot rotate, the intersection of the first hole 656 and the second hole 657 changes. The rotation angle of the first circular plate 653 is affected by the power transmitted by the transmission structure 8. The faster the moving speed of the moving mold 2, the larger the rotation angle of the second circular plate 654, the smaller the overlap of the first hole 656 and the second hole 657, the smaller the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the buffer, and thus the buffer damping performance of the adjustable buffer unit 65 increases accordingly. The rotational speed of the auxiliary gear 56 and the third circular plate 85 gradually decreases. During this process, the telescopic rod 86 retracts under the elastic reset action of the internal spring, causing the arc plate 83 and the fourth gear 82 to reset, which in turn drives the third gear 81 and the guide rod 4 to reset synchronously. The guide rod 4 drives the telescopic plate 76 to extend through the meshing transmission of the second gear 72. During this process, the ratchet 75 cannot rotate due to the one-way limiting action of the pawl 713. After the guide rod 4 is fully reset, the push rod 712 moves upward and drives the connecting block 711 to move upward synchronously, causing the pawl 713 to disengage from the ratchet 75. The first torsion spring 710 then elastically resets and drives the ratchet 75 and the second circular ring 74 to rotate in the opposite direction. Through the threaded engagement of the two, the second positioning rod 64 is driven to move towards the fixed mold 3 and is inserted into the second positioning hole 63, completing the radial positioning of the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3. During this process, the second positioning rod 64 is disengaged from the switch 510, the switch 510 is deactivated, and the magnetic ring 58 is de-energized. During mold opening: The main gear 59 is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction. The rotation of the main gear 59, through chain transmission, drives the secondary gear 56 and the circular plate 85 to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction. Similarly, the circular plate 85 drives the guide rod 4 to rotate through the transmission structure 8. The guide rod 4 drives the second gear 72 to rotate synchronously, and through tooth surface meshing, drives the first rack plate 77 to move downward, thereby driving the telescopic plate 76 to retract, so that the second rack plate 78 and the push rod 712 move downward synchronously. The second rack plate 78 drives the ratchet 75 and the second ring 74 to rotate synchronously through tooth surface meshing. At this time, Since the connecting block 711 is not limited by the push rod 712, it slides downward under the magnetic attraction, so that the pawl 713 abuts against the ratchet 75, realizing the one-way rotation limit of the ratchet 75. During the rotation of the ratchet 75, the first torsion spring 710 is forced to twist. Since the second ring 74 and the second positioning rod 64 are threaded, the rotation of the second ring 74 can drive the second positioning rod 64 to move away from the second positioning hole 63, that is, the second positioning rod 64 is taken out from the second positioning hole 63 and disengaged from the first positioning rod 61. The second positioning rod 64 contacts the switch 510, energizing the magnetic ring 58. This causes the secondary gear 56 to rotate synchronously with the sun gear 54 through the magnetic attraction between the electromagnet 57 and the magnetic ring 58. After the sun gear 54 rotates, it drives the internal gear ring 53 and the nut 52 to rotate synchronously through the meshing transmission of the planetary gear 511. Then, through the threaded engagement between the lead screw 51 and the nut 52, the lead screw 51 drives the moving mold 2 to move away from the fixed mold 3 along the guide rod 4, thereby realizing the mold opening action of the moving mold 2 and the fixed mold 3.

[0041] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds, comprising: The system comprises a main board (1), a moving mold (2), and a fixed mold (3), wherein a plurality of guide rods (4) are provided between the main board (1) and the fixed mold (3), the moving mold (2) is slidably engaged with the guide rods (4), and the main board (1) is equipped with a first driving structure (5) for driving the displacement of the moving mold (2). The system is characterized by further comprising: Positioning structure (6), the positioning structure (6) includes: The first positioning rod (61) is fixed to the fixed mold (3); A first positioning hole (62) is formed on the moving mold (2); A second positioning hole (63) is provided on the first positioning rod (61). The second positioning rod (64) is slidably assembled on the moving mold (2); An adjustable buffer unit (65) is housed inside the first positioning hole (62); The second drive structure (7) mounted on the guide rod (4) is driven and connected to the adjustable buffer unit (65) and the second positioning rod (64) respectively; And a transmission structure (8) installed on the main board (1) is used to transmit matching power to the second drive structure (7) according to the real-time moving speed of the moving mold (2) when the mold is closed, so that the second drive structure (7) can adjust the buffering performance of the adjustable buffer unit (65). When the displacement of the moving mold (2) stops, the second driving structure (7) drives the second positioning rod (64) to insert into the second positioning hole (63).

2. The multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving structure (5) includes: One end of the lead screw (51) is fixed on the moving mold (2); Rotate the nut (52) mounted on the main board (1), and the lead screw (51) and the nut (52) cooperate to form a lead screw pair.

3. The multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustable buffer unit (65) includes: Rotate the round tube (651) fitted in the first positioning hole (62), the round tube (651) being used to hold the buffer solution; A push plate (652) is slidably fitted in the first positioning hole (62), one end of the push plate (652) is fitted in the round tube (651), and a first round plate (653) is installed at that end. A second circular plate (654) is slidably assembled inside the circular tube (651). The second circular plate (654) is rotatably assembled with the first circular plate (653), and the two separate the interior of the circular tube (651) into two cavities. Holes 1 (656) and 2 (657) are respectively opened on the second circular plate (654) and the first circular plate (653). Holes 1 (656) and 2 (657) allow buffer solution to flow between the two cavities. The larger the intersection range of the two, the smoother the flow of buffer solution and the smaller the buffering effect on the first positioning rod (61). A first spring (658) is installed between the second circular plate (654) and the circular tube (651).

4. The multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second driving structure (7) includes: Rotate the first gear (71) mounted on the outside of the round tube (651); The second gear (72) is mounted on the guide rod (4), and the second gear (72) is meshed with the first gear (71). The guide rod (4) is rotatably connected to the fixed mold (3) and the main board (1). Rotary assembly of ring number 73 on the moving mold (2), ring number 73 is slidably assembled with guide rod (4).

5. The multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second driving structure (7) includes: Rotate the second ring (74) mounted on the moving mold (2), the second ring (74) being threadedly assembled with the second positioning rod (64); A ratchet (75) fitted around the outside of the second ring (74); Telescopic plate (76) assembled on the moving mold (2); A first rack plate (77) and a second rack plate (78) are fixedly installed on the movable part of the telescopic plate (76). The first rack plate (77) is meshed with the second gear (72), and the second rack plate (78) is meshed with the ratchet (75).

6. The multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second drive structure (7) also includes: A mounting shell (79) is fixed on the moving mold (2), and the second positioning rod (64) is slidably assembled with the mounting shell (79); A torsion spring (710) is installed between the ratchet (75) and the mounting housing (79). A connecting block (711) is slidably mounted on the moving mold (2), and a pawl (713) for limiting the unidirectional rotation of the ratchet (75) is rotatably mounted on the connecting block (711). A push rod (712) for pushing the connecting block (711) to slide, the push rod (712) being slidably fitted onto the movable part of the telescopic plate (76).

7. The multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission structure (8) includes: The No. 3 gear (81) is used to drive the guide rod (4) to rotate, and the No. 3 gear (81) is rotatably assembled with the main board (1); A fourth gear (82) is used to drive the rotation of the third gear (81), and the fourth gear (82) is rotatably mounted on the main board (1); An arc-shaped plate (83) is slidably mounted on the main board (1); The connecting rod (84) is used for transmission, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the arc plate (83) and the fourth gear (82), respectively. Rotate the No. 3 circular plate (85) mounted on the first drive structure (5), and a number of telescopic rods (86) mounted on the No. 3 circular plate (85) abut against one side of the arc plate (83).

8. The multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first driving structure (5) further includes: Rotate the internal gear ring (53) mounted on the main board (1), and the internal gear ring (53) is fixedly assembled with the nut (52); Rotate the sun gear (54) mounted on the main plate (1), and the circular plate is connected to the sun gear (54); The planet carrier (55) is rotatably mounted on the main board (1). A plurality of planet gears (511) are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier (55). The planet gears (511) mesh with the sun gear (54) and the internal gear ring (53) at the same time. The internal gear ring (53), the sun gear (54), and the planet gear (511) work together to form a planetary gear mechanism.

9. A multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first driving structure (5) further includes: A secondary gear (56) is fitted around the outer periphery of the third circular plate (85); An electromagnet (57) is fixed on the sun gear (54); A magnetic ring (58) is mounted on the secondary gear (56); A main gear (59) is used to drive the rotation of the secondary gear (56), and a chain for transmission is assembled between the main gear (59) and the secondary gear (56); A switch (510) is mounted on the second drive structure (7), the switch (510) being within the range of motion of the second positioning rod (64); When the second positioning rod (64) contacts the switch (510), that is, after the second positioning rod (64) moves out of the second positioning hole (63), the electromagnet (57) is energized so that the secondary gear (56) drives the sun gear (54) to rotate synchronously through the electromagnet (57) and the magnetic ring (58).

10. A multi-level nested positioning and guiding mechanism for injection molds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the telescopic rod (86) that abuts against the arc plate (83) is fitted with a ball bearing.

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