Method for manufacturing high-toughness superstructure based on gradient bionic spiral construction

Abstract

According to the high-toughness superstructure manufacturing method based on gradient bionic spiral construction, a composite material superstructure with the excellent mechanical property is constructed through the synergistic effect of gradient bionic spiral laying layer design and a Z-pin anchoring technology, in a gradient bionic spiral laying layer, the spiral angle changes in a gradient mode, Z-pin anchoring penetrates through a composite material laminated plate, and the Z-pin anchoring technology is used for anchoring the composite material laminated plate. According to the manufacturing method, a three-dimensional reinforced network is formed, the interlayer strength and impact resistance are remarkably improved, the high-toughness superstructure is manufactured through an autoclave forming process, cooperative reinforcement of gradient bionic spiral construction and a Z-pin anchoring effect is achieved, and the prepared superstructure has high specific strength, high toughness and excellent layering resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for manufacturing high-strength and tough superstructures based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction, belonging to the field of composite material structure manufacturing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Composite materials are widely used in high-end equipment due to their high specific strength and high specific stiffness. However, traditional composite laminate structures have inherent defects such as low interlaminar strength and poor impact resistance, limiting their application under high loads and complex working conditions. Existing technologies improve composite material performance through layup design optimization or three-dimensional reinforcement, but the improvement effect of a single method is limited. For example, while traditional helical layups can improve interlaminar stress distribution, their ability to adapt to gradient loads is insufficient due to uniform angle changes; Z-pin anchoring can enhance interlaminar bonding, but it lacks synergistic design with the layup structure, making it difficult to maximize performance improvement. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a manufacturing method that synergistically combines layup structure design with three-dimensional reinforcement technology to prepare composite superstructures with excellent comprehensive performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by this invention is: addressing the lack of existing methods for fabricating composite material superstructures, a method for manufacturing high-strength and tough superstructures based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction is proposed.

[0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problem through the following technical solution: A method for manufacturing high-strength and tough superstructures based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction, characterized by comprising: Design a gradient biomimetic spiral layup based on the preset layup information and spiral angle information; Gradient biomimetic spiral layup is performed, and prepreg is cut and stacked to obtain laminate blanks; Z-pin anchoring implantation is performed into the laminated slab blank; A high-strength and high-toughness superstructure was obtained by autoclaving the laminated slab after anchoring and implantation.

[0005] The gradient biomimetic spiral layup design method is as follows: Determine the total number of ply layers, the initial helical angle, and the angle gradient increment in the preset ply information; Predict the spiral angle of each layer and use the gradient change sequence as the spiral layup sequence; The calculation method for the helix angle of each layer is as follows: i i = i + (i-1) α i = 1, 2, …, n In the formula, the total number of ply layers n Initial helix angle i and angle gradient increment α where i is the number of gradient biomimetic spiral layers; After performing the helical layup in sequence, the gradient biomimetic helical layup gradually changes the helical angle from the surface layer to the inner layer, and the fiber orientation is adjusted according to the load distribution gradient to optimize the stress transfer path.

[0006] The method for cutting and stacking prepreg is as follows: Determine the fiber orientation, perform unidirectional fiber prepreg cutting according to the gradient biomimetic spiral layup design, and stack them layer by layer to form a laminate blank; set the starting angle for the fiber orientation, and start cutting from the starting angle; The cutting process involves sequential cutting to ensure that the cutting angle of each layer corresponds to the spiral angle of each layer. The cut prepreg is then stacked layer by layer in the design sequence to form a laminated board blank.

[0007] The prepreg is kept flat during the stacking process to avoid wrinkles.

[0008] The laminated slab blank achieves anchoring and implantation through the Z-pin, and the anchoring and implantation method is as follows: The Z-pin implantation positions are marked on the surface of the laminate blank to form a regular array. The Z-pins are then implanted vertically or at an angle into the laminate blank using a special implantation device. The Z-pins penetrate the entire thickness of the laminate blank to achieve anchoring. The Z-pin implantation density is adjusted according to performance requirements.

[0009] The method for autoclaving laminated slabs is as follows: Set the molding process parameters, including molding pressure, heating rate, temperature range and holding time. Place the laminate blank with embedded Z-pin into an autoclave for molding. After molding, perform heat preservation treatment. After heat preservation, cool down at a preset rate to complete the curing process.

[0010] In the gradient biomimetic spiral layup design process, the initial spiral angle θ and the angle gradient increment... α The interval satisfies the incremental constraint condition of the spiral angle gradient. i + (n-1) α ≤ 60°.

[0011] The prepreg is a unidirectional fiber prepreg, specifically a carbon fiber epoxy resin prepreg. Before cutting, the prepreg is pre-selected by setting the unit area mass and thickness of the prepreg. The starting angle for cutting the unidirectional fiber prepreg is set to 0°.

[0012] The Z-pin material is selected from carbon fiber or glass fiber. Before anchoring and implantation, the diameter and implantation density are determined. During the anchoring and implantation process, the Z-pin is implanted perpendicularly to the implantation plate or at a preset angle. During the anchoring and implantation process, it is ensured that the Z-pin penetrates the laminated slab.

[0013] After the high-strength and toughness superstructure is prepared, its strength and stiffness are evaluated. If the evaluation fails, the gradient biomimetic spiral layup design, cutting process, or Z-pin anchoring implantation parameters are adjusted, and the formed high-strength and toughness superstructure is re-evaluated until it meets the evaluation requirements.

[0014] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: (1) The present invention provides a high-strength and tough superstructure manufacturing method based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction. By utilizing the angular gradient change of the gradient biomimetic spiral layup advantage, the internal stress distribution of the material is more uniform, effectively reducing interlayer shear stress and improving the structure's adaptability to gradient loads. Compared with uniform spiral layup, it can improve interlayer shear strength. (2) The Z-pin anchoring effect of the present invention utilizes Z-pins to penetrate the laminate to form a three-dimensional reinforcement network, which significantly suppresses interlayer delamination, improves the impact energy absorption capacity to a certain extent, and enhances the interfacial bonding strength of the laminate. (3) This invention utilizes the synergistic effect of gradient helical lay-up and Z-pin anchoring to achieve a comprehensive improvement in the strength, stiffness and toughness of the material and a first-level synergistic strengthening. The specific strength and specific stiffness of the prepared superstructure can be improved to a higher level, which is suitable for aerospace and other fields with stringent requirements for lightweight and high performance. (4) This invention improves the interlaminar strength, impact resistance and overall mechanical properties of composite materials through the synergistic design of gradient helical lay-up and Z-pin anchoring, thus meeting the demand of high-end equipment for high-performance structural materials. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 The flowchart illustrates the manufacturing method for high-strength and tough superstructures based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction provided by this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] A method for manufacturing high-strength and tough superstructures based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction is proposed. By combining gradient biomimetic spiral layup design with Z-pin anchoring technology, a composite superstructure with excellent mechanical properties is constructed. In the gradient biomimetic spiral layup, the spiral angle changes in a gradient manner. Z-pin anchoring forms a three-dimensional reinforcement network through the composite laminate, which significantly improves the interlaminar strength and impact resistance. The high-strength and tough superstructure is manufactured by autoclaving, which realizes the synergistic reinforcement of gradient biomimetic spiral construction and Z-pin anchoring effect. The prepared superstructure has high specific strength, high toughness and excellent anti-delamination ability.

[0017] A method for manufacturing high-strength and tough superstructures with synergistic enhancement of gradient biomimetic spiral construction and Z-pin anchoring effect, comprising the following steps: Design a gradient biomimetic spiral layup based on the preset layup information and spiral angle information; Gradient biomimetic spiral layup is performed, and prepreg is cut and stacked to obtain laminate blanks; Z-pin anchoring implantation is performed into the laminated slab blank; A high-strength and high-toughness superstructure was obtained by autoclaving the laminated slab after anchoring and implantation.

[0018] The gradient biomimetic spiral layup design method is as follows: Determine the total number of ply layers, the initial helical angle, and the angle gradient increment in the preset ply information; Predict the spiral angle of each layer and use the gradient change sequence as the spiral layup sequence; The calculation method for the spiral angle of each layer is as follows: i i = i + (i-1) α i = 1, 2, …, n In the formula, the total number of ply layers n Initial helix angle i and angle gradient increment α where i is the number of gradient biomimetic spiral layers; After performing the helical layup in sequence, the gradient biomimetic helical layup gradually changes the helical angle from the surface layer to the inner layer, and the fiber orientation is adjusted according to the load distribution gradient to optimize the stress transfer path.

[0019] The method for cutting and stacking prepreg is as follows: Determine the fiber orientation, perform unidirectional fiber prepreg cutting according to the gradient biomimetic spiral layup design, and stack them layer by layer to form a laminate blank; set the starting angle for the fiber orientation, and start cutting from the starting angle; The cutting process involves sequential cutting to ensure that the cutting angle of each layer corresponds to the spiral angle of each layer. The cut prepreg is then stacked layer by layer in the design sequence to form a laminated board blank.

[0020] During the stacking process, the prepreg is kept flat to avoid wrinkles.

[0021] Anchoring and implantation are achieved by penetrating the Z-pin in the laminated slab. The anchoring and implantation method is as follows: The Z-pin implantation positions are marked on the surface of the laminate blank to form a regular array. The Z-pins are then implanted vertically or at an angle into the laminate blank using a special implantation device. The Z-pins penetrate the entire thickness of the laminate blank to achieve anchoring. The Z-pin implantation density is adjusted according to performance requirements.

[0022] The method for autoclaving laminated slabs is as follows: Set the molding process parameters, including molding pressure, heating rate, temperature range and holding time. Place the laminate blank with embedded Z-pin into an autoclave for molding. After molding, perform heat preservation treatment. After heat preservation, cool down at a preset rate to complete the curing process.

[0023] In the gradient biomimetic helical layup design process, the initial helical angle θ and the angle gradient increment are... α The interval satisfies the incremental constraint condition of the spiral angle gradient. i + (n-1) α ≤ 60°.

[0024] The prepreg is made of unidirectional fiber prepreg, and the type is carbon fiber epoxy resin prepreg. Before cutting, the prepreg is pre-selected by setting the unit area mass and thickness of the prepreg. The starting angle for cutting the unidirectional fiber prepreg is set to 0°.

[0025] Z-pins are made of carbon fiber or glass fiber. Before anchoring and implantation, the diameter and implantation density are determined. During the anchoring and implantation process, the Z-pins are implanted perpendicularly to the implantation plate or at a preset angle. During the anchoring and implantation process, the Z-pins are ensured to penetrate the laminated slab.

[0026] After the high-strength and toughness superstructure is fabricated, its strength and stiffness are evaluated. If the evaluation fails, the gradient biomimetic spiral layup design, cutting treatment, or Z-pin anchoring implantation parameters are adjusted, and the formed high-strength and toughness superstructure is re-evaluated until it meets the evaluation requirements.

[0027] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, provides further details: In the current embodiment, the method for manufacturing high-strength and tough superstructures synergistically enhanced by gradient biomimetic spiral construction and Z-pin anchoring effect includes gradient biomimetic spiral layup design, Z-pin anchoring implantation, and autoclave forming process, as detailed below: (1) Gradient biomimetic spiral layup design Determine the total number of ply layers n Initial helix angle i and angle gradient increment α , No. i The layer helix angle is calculated using the formula. i i = i +(i-1) α(i = 1, 2, …, n) calculations are performed to form a gradient layup structure with gradually changing helical angles from the surface layer to the inner layer. This design can adjust fiber orientation according to the load distribution gradient to optimize the stress transfer path.

[0028] (2) Prepreg cutting and stacking Using the fiber direction of the unidirectional fiber prepreg as the 0° reference, and based on the gradient helical angle design, each layer of prepreg is cut sequentially to ensure that the cutting angle of each layer corresponds precisely. i i The cut prepregs are stacked layer by layer in the design order to form a laminate blank. During the stacking process, the prepregs are kept flat to avoid wrinkles.

[0029] (3) Z-pin anchoring implantation Mark the Z-pin insertion positions on the surface of the laminate blank to form a regular array. Use a specialized insertion device to insert the Z-pins vertically or at an angle into the laminate. The Z-pins must penetrate the full thickness of the laminate to achieve effective anchoring. The insertion density is adjusted according to performance requirements, ranging from 5 to 20 pins / cm².

[0030] (4) Autoclave forming The laminated preform with embedded Z-pins is placed in an autoclave for molding. The molding process parameters are: molding pressure 0.3~1.0 MPa, heating rate 2~5℃ / min, molding temperature determined according to the prepreg resin system, ranging from 120~180℃, and holding time 1~3 h. After holding, the temperature is lowered to 60~80℃ at a rate of 1~3℃ / min, and then allowed to cool naturally to room temperature to complete curing.

[0031] Example 1 1) Gradient biomimetic spiral layup design: Total number of layup layers designed n = 12, initial helix angle i = 10°, angle gradient increment α = 2°, then the spiral angles of each layer are 10°, 12°, 14°, ..., 32°, which satisfies i + (i-1) α = 10° + 11 × 2° = 32° ≤ 60°.

[0032] 2) Prepreg Cutting and Stacking: T700 carbon fiber epoxy resin prepreg was selected, with a unit area mass of 120 g / m² and a thickness of 0.12 mm. With the fiber direction as 0°, each layer was cut and stacked... i i Cut the prepreg and stack it layer by layer to form a laminate blank.

[0033] 3) Z-pin anchoring implantation: 0.5 mm diameter carbon fiber Z-pins are used, with an implantation density of 10 pins / cm², and the implantation angle is perpendicular to the plate surface. The Z-pins penetrate the laminate.

[0034] 4) Autoclave molding: Molding pressure 0.5 MPa, heating rate 3℃ / min, molding temperature 130℃, holding time 2h. During cooling, the temperature is reduced to 70℃ at a rate of 2℃ / min, and then naturally cooled to room temperature.

[0035] Example 2 1) Gradient biomimetic spiral layup design: Total number of layup layers n = 16, initial helix angle i = 8°, angle gradient increment α = 3°, and the spiral angle of each layer increases from 8° to 8°+15×3° = 53°, which meets the design requirements.

[0036] 2) Prepreg cutting and stacking: T800 carbon fiber epoxy resin prepreg is selected with a unit area mass of 200 g / m² and a thickness of 0.15 mm. It is cut and stacked at gradient angles.

[0037] 3) Z-pin anchoring implantation: Z-pin diameter 0.8 mm, implantation density 15 pins / cm², implantation angle is 10° with the plate surface.

[0038] 4) Autoclave molding: molding pressure 0.8 MPa, heating rate 5℃ / min, molding temperature 160℃, holding time 1.5 h, cooling rate 1.5℃ / min to 60℃ and then natural cooling.

[0039] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention by utilizing the methods and techniques disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0040] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing high-strength and tough superstructures based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction, characterized in that... include: Design a gradient biomimetic spiral layup based on the preset layup information and spiral angle information; Gradient biomimetic spiral layup is performed, and prepreg is cut and stacked to obtain laminate blanks; Z-pin anchoring implantation is performed into the laminated slab blank; A high-strength and high-toughness superstructure was obtained by autoclaving the laminated slab after anchoring and implantation.

2. The method for manufacturing a high-strength and tough superstructure based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gradient biomimetic spiral layup design method is as follows: Determine the total number of ply layers, the initial helical angle, and the angle gradient increment in the preset ply information; Predict the spiral angle of each layer and use the gradient change sequence as the spiral layup sequence; The calculation method for the helix angle of each layer is as follows: θ i = θ + (i-1) α i = 1, 2, …, n In the formula, the total number of ply layers n Initial helix angle θ and angle gradient increment α where i is the number of gradient biomimetic spiral layers; After performing the helical layup in sequence, the gradient biomimetic helical layup gradually changes the helical angle from the surface layer to the inner layer, and the fiber orientation is adjusted according to the load distribution gradient to optimize the stress transfer path.

3. The method for manufacturing a high-strength and tough superstructure based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for cutting and stacking prepreg is as follows: Determine the fiber orientation, perform unidirectional fiber prepreg cutting according to the gradient biomimetic spiral layup design, and stack them layer by layer to form a laminate blank; set the starting angle for the fiber orientation, and start cutting from the starting angle; The cutting process involves sequential cutting to ensure that the cutting angle of each layer corresponds to the spiral angle of each layer. The cut prepreg is then stacked layer by layer in the design sequence to form a laminated board blank.

4. The method for manufacturing a high-strength and tough superstructure based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The prepreg is kept flat during the stacking process to avoid wrinkles.

5. The method for manufacturing a high-strength and tough superstructure based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laminated slab blank achieves anchoring and implantation through the Z-pin, and the anchoring and implantation method is as follows: The Z-pin implantation positions are marked on the surface of the laminate blank to form a regular array. The Z-pins are then implanted vertically or at an angle into the laminate blank using a special implantation device. The Z-pins penetrate the entire thickness of the laminate blank to achieve anchoring. The Z-pin implantation density is adjusted according to performance requirements.

6. The method for manufacturing a high-strength and tough superstructure based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for autoclaving laminated slabs is as follows: Set the molding process parameters, including molding pressure, heating rate, temperature range and holding time. Place the laminate blank with embedded Z-pin into an autoclave for molding. After molding, perform heat preservation treatment. After heat preservation, cool down at a preset rate to complete the curing process.

7. The method for manufacturing a high-strength and tough superstructure based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the gradient biomimetic spiral layup design process, the initial spiral angle θ and the angle gradient increment... α The interval satisfies the incremental constraint condition of the spiral angle gradient. θ + (n-1) α ≤ 60°.

8. The method for manufacturing a high-strength and tough superstructure based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The prepreg is a unidirectional fiber prepreg, specifically a carbon fiber epoxy resin prepreg. Before cutting, the prepreg is pre-selected by setting the unit area mass and thickness of the prepreg. The starting angle for cutting the unidirectional fiber prepreg is set to 0°.

9. The method for manufacturing a high-strength and tough superstructure based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Z-pin material is selected from carbon fiber or glass fiber. Before anchoring and implantation, the diameter and implantation density are determined. During the anchoring and implantation process, the Z-pin is implanted perpendicularly to the implantation plate or at a preset angle. During the anchoring and implantation process, it is ensured that the Z-pin penetrates the laminated slab.

10. The method for manufacturing a high-strength and tough superstructure based on gradient biomimetic spiral construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the high-strength and toughness superstructure is prepared, its strength and stiffness are evaluated. If the evaluation fails, the gradient biomimetic spiral layup design, cutting treatment, or Z-pin anchoring implantation parameters are adjusted, and the formed high-strength and toughness superstructure is re-evaluated until it meets the evaluation requirements.

Images