Aerogel heat sealing film based on phase change material blending and thermal runaway inhibition method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aerogel heat-sealing films, and particularly relates to an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending and a thermal runaway inhibition method of the aerogel heat-sealing film. The aerogel heat-sealing film is prepared from the following materials: a composite aerogel carrier: main aerogel: 6-10 parts of hydrophobic modified aerogel; enhanced aerogel: 2 to 4 parts of nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel; through a combination method of composite aerogel modification pretreatment, double-phase-change gradient composite coating and multifunctional additive synergistic doping, a wide-temperature-range gradient heat storage system and a physical heat insulation and chemical combustion suppression double barrier are constructed; the heat storage interval of the double-phase-change material is expanded through gradient matching, and the problem of leakage is solved through microcapsule coating and an anti-migration system; the composite aerogel realizes accurate matching of heat conduction and heat insulation, and is matched with a synergistic flame-retardant auxiliary agent, so that heat conduction and flame spreading are effectively blocked, the phase change enthalpy is increased by 40% or above, the flame suppression grade reaches V-0 grade, and the pain points of single function and poor synergism of a traditional material are thoroughly solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerogel heat-sealing film technology, specifically an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending and its thermal runaway suppression method. Background Technology

[0002] Aerogel heat-sealing films are a type of composite functional material that integrates the porous thermal insulation properties of aerogels, the energy storage function of phase change materials, and the heat-sealing film-forming properties. Its core is to construct a low thermal conductivity framework through aerogels, provide temperature regulation capabilities through phase change materials, and ensure the material's molding and application adaptability through the heat-sealing system. With its integrated advantages of "thermal insulation-energy storage-sealing", it has become a key material for solving the needs of temperature runaway and sealing protection in multiple scenarios. It has gradually gained widespread attention in fields such as new energy, construction, electronics, and cold chain, and its performance optimization and functional upgrades have become one of the research hotspots in the field of materials.

[0003] These materials demonstrate irreplaceable roles in multiple fields: in new energy battery packs, they can delay the spread of thermal runaway and improve battery safety through their dual functions of heat insulation and energy storage; in building insulation, they can achieve dynamic regulation of indoor temperature, reduce air conditioning energy consumption, and contribute to the development of energy-efficient buildings; in electronic device packaging, they can prevent damage to core components such as chips from high-temperature environments, extending the service life of equipment; in cold chain packaging, they can maintain a constant temperature environment inside the packaging, reduce temperature fluctuations during cold chain transportation, and ensure the quality stability of fresh produce, pharmaceuticals, and other products; in addition, their excellent heat-sealing properties make them compatible with various packaging processes, further expanding the scope of application scenarios.

[0004] In the current environment, aerogel heat-sealing film technology still faces significant bottlenecks: On the one hand, single aerogel carriers have poor compatibility with phase change materials, easily leading to agglomeration. Furthermore, single phase change systems have narrow heat storage temperature ranges, and inorganic phase change materials are prone to leakage, resulting in insufficient heat storage efficiency and stability. Simultaneously, traditional materials often employ single thermal insulation or single flame-retardant designs, exhibiting poor synergy between heat conduction blocking and combustion inhibition, making it difficult to cope with the dual risks of temperature rise and flame spread during thermal runaway. On the other hand, there is an inherent contradiction between cross-linking reactions and heat-sealing performance in the film-forming system. Insufficient cross-linking results in a loose structure and easy component migration, while excessive cross-linking leads to embrittlement of the film material and increased heat-sealing difficulty. Moreover, curing processes are often single-temperature treatments, easily resulting in uneven curing. In addition, the finished product has poor water resistance, leading to rapid functional degradation under complex environments such as high and low temperature cycling, making it difficult to meet the durability requirements of practical applications.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending and a method for suppressing thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending, characterized in that: the aerogel heat-sealing film is composed of the following materials: Composite aerogel carrier: Main aerogel: hydrophobically modified 6-10 parts of aerogel; Enhanced aerogel: 2-4 parts of nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel; Modifier: 0.3-0.8 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; Dispersion medium: 15-25 parts anhydrous ethanol; Two-phase transition synergistic system: Organic phase change component: 30-45 parts of branched docosane; Inorganic phase change component: 10-18 parts of modified calcium chloride hexahydrate; Microcapsule coating agent: 8-12 parts of polyurea-melamine-formaldehyde copolymer; Heat-sealing film-forming enhancement system: Base film resin: 25-35 parts of waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer; Heat sealing accelerator: 1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol diacrylate; Anti-migration agent: 2-5 parts organic bentonite; Crosslinking agent: 0.5–1.2 parts of aziridine derivative; Moisture-regulating components: 8-22 parts deionized water; Functional additives: Flame retardant: 3-6 parts microencapsulated red phosphorus; Antibacterial agent: 0.8–1.5 parts of nano zinc oxide; Antioxidant: Hindered phenols 1010 0.3-0.6 parts; The above materials are in parts by weight, totaling 100 portions; Preferably, a method for suppressing thermal runaway of an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending, applicable to the aerogel heat-sealing film described above, includes the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of composite aerogel carrier modification: Take 6-10 parts by weight of hydrophobic modification Aerogel and 2-4 parts of nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel were mixed with 15-25 parts of anhydrous ethanol dispersion medium and dispersed in an ultrasonic disperser for 30-45 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of aerogel particles without agglomeration; then 0.3-0.8 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane modifier were added dropwise and reacted for 2-3 hours. S2, Gradient composite and microcapsule encapsulation of a two-phase change system: By weight, first take 30-45 parts of branched docosane and melt it in a constant temperature reactor at 70-80℃. Then add 10-18 parts of calcium chloride hexahydrate modified with montmorillonite intercalation and stir for 30-40 minutes to form a homogeneous mixed phase change system. Subsequently, add 8-12 parts of polyurea-melamine-formaldehyde copolymer coating agent and stir at 40-50℃ with a flow rate of 1000-1200 rpm. Stir at 60-90 rpm for 60-90 minutes; S3. Construction of a bidisperse media premixed and anti-migration system: Cool the S1-modified composite aerogel dispersion to room temperature, then slowly add 8–22 parts by weight of deionized water while maintaining a rotation speed of 600–800 rpm. Stir for 15-20 minutes to form an anhydrous ethanol-deionized water bi-dispersion medium; then add 2-5 parts of quaternary ammonium salt modified organic bentonite and continue stirring for 30-40 minutes to form a physical barrier network using the layered structure of organic bentonite; then slowly inject the bi-phase change microcapsule system prepared in S2 into the dispersion. S4. Precise control of the cross-linking film-forming system: Add 25-35 parts by weight of waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer to the S3 pre-dispersion system, stir for 20-30 minutes, then slowly add 0.5-1.2 parts of aziridine derivative crosslinking agent, controlling the dropping rate at 1-2 drops / second, and react at 30-40°C for 60-90 minutes; then add 1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol diacrylate heat-sealing accelerator, and continue stirring for 30 minutes to optimize the heat-sealing performance of the film material using the flexible segments of PEGDA; during the reaction, control the viscosity of the system at 500-800 mPa·s to ensure the continuity of subsequent film formation; S5. Synergistic doping and uniform dispersion of multifunctional additives: By weight, first add 3-6 parts of microencapsulated red phosphorus to the fourth-step cross-linking system, at 800-1000... Stir at high speed for 40-50 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of microcapsules; then add 0.8-1.5 parts of nano zinc oxide and promote the dispersion of nanoparticles by ultrasonic dispersion to avoid agglomeration; finally add 0.3-0.6 parts of hindered phenolic 1010 antioxidant and stir for 20-30 minutes to complete the system composite; microencapsulated red phosphorus releases flame retardant components when heated to form a phosphoric acid heat insulation coating; S6. Gradient curing film formation and hydrophobic post-treatment: The fifth step composite system is injected into the casting machine trough, and the casting speed is controlled at 0.5~1. The film is cast to a thickness of 0.1~0.3 mm and then subjected to segmented treatment in a gradient curing oven: the first stage is drying at 60℃ for 30~40 minutes to remove most of the moisture in the system; the second stage is holding at 90℃ for 60~90 minutes to promote complete cross-linking reaction and strengthen the three-dimensional network structure; the third stage is activation at 120℃ for 20~30 minutes to activate the functional activity of microcapsule flame retardants and phase change materials; after curing, the film is cooled to room temperature, and 0.1~0.3 parts of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane hydrophobic modifier are applied by spraying, and baked at 80℃ for 15~20 minutes to form a hydrophobic surface layer; Through a six-step process of dispersion, cross-linking, and curing, the components are uniformly fused within a single film layer, forming an integrated structure with "no clear layer boundaries, but functional components working together throughout".

[0008] Preferably, the adaptation algorithm for the composite aerogel carrier modification pretreatment in S1 is composed of the following formula: Compatibility improvement rate ( )formula: ; in, single Interfacial tension between aerogels and phase change materials; Interfacial tension of the unmodified composite aerogel; Interfacial tension of the modified composite aerogel; Dispersion uniformity ( )formula: ; in, Ultrasonic power; Ultrasound time; aerogel solid-liquid ratio; Viscosity of the dispersion medium; Thermal conductivity matching coefficient ( )formula: ; in, hydrophobic aerogel parts by weight; Nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel, parts by weight; Thermal conductivity of aerogel; Thermal conductivity of nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel.

[0009] Preferably, the adaptation algorithm for gradient recombination and microcapsule encapsulation of the dual-phase change system in S2 is composed of the following formula: Phase change enthalpy increase rate ( )formula: ; in, Parts by weight of branched docosane; Modified calcium chloride hexahydrate (parts by weight); Organic phase transition enthalpy; Inorganic phase transition enthalpy; Enthalpy of a single organic phase transition system; Leakage inhibition rate ( )formula: ; in, Leakage amount of uncoated inorganic phase change material; Leakage after covering; ×(1-0.12 -0.08 ); Microcapsule encapsulation rate; Montmorillonite addition amount; Temperature gradient coverage ( )formula: ; in, Organic phase transition temperature; Inorganic phase transition temperature; The highest temperature of a single-phase-change system; The lowest temperature of a single-phase change system.

[0010] Preferably, the adaptation algorithm for constructing the bidisperse medium premixing and anti-migration system in S3 is composed of the following formula: Dispersion uniformity coefficient ( )formula: ; in, Ultrasonic power; Ultrasound time; Stirring speed; Total solid-liquid ratio; Viscosity of bidisperse media; Migration inhibition rate ( )formula: ; in, Migration amount of phase change material in a non-migratory system; Migration amount of anti-migration systems , Parts by weight of organic bentonite; System stability ( )formula: ; in, Initial system viscosity; Change in viscosity after standing for 24 hours. , The alcohol-to-water volume ratio is 1~1.5.

[0011] Preferably, the adaptation algorithm for precise control of the crosslinking film-forming system in S4 is composed of the following formula: Degree of crosslinking ( )formula: ; in, Aziridine crosslinking agent (parts by weight); Crosslinking reaction rate constant; Reaction time; Reaction temperature; Waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer parts by weight; Heat seal strength improvement rate ( )formula: ; in, Heat seal strength of uncrosslinked systems; Cross-linked heat seal strength , PEGDA parts by weight; Heat sealing temperature drop ( )formula: ; in, PEGDA parts by weight; Resin by weight; Degree of crosslinking; The effect of PEGDA on heat sealing temperature is quantified, while the influence of crosslinking degree on temperature is balanced to ensure both low-temperature heat sealing and high strength.

[0012] Preferably, the adaptation algorithm for synergistic doping and uniform dispersion of multifunctional additives in S5 is composed of the following formula: Flame suppression rating improved ( )formula: ; in, Flame retardant rating of non-flame retardant system; Microencapsulated red phosphorus (parts by weight); Red phosphorus coating rate; Aluminum hydroxide, parts by weight; The final rating is converted according to the UL94 standard; Toxic gas emission reduction rate ( )formula: ; in, 1010 parts by weight of antioxidant; Nano zinc oxide parts by weight; , These are the emission reduction coefficients for the two additives, with 0.7 being the maximum synergistic coefficient; Antibacterial rate ( )formula: ; in, Nano zinc oxide parts by weight; Uniformity of nano zinc oxide dispersion.

[0013] Preferably, the adaptation algorithm for gradient curing film formation and hydrophobic post-treatment in S6 is composed of the following formula: Curing completeness ( )formula: ; in, First stage temperature, time; Second stage temperature, time; Third stage temperature, time; Conventional single curing temperature, Standard curing time; Hydrophobicity improvement rate ( )formula: ; in, Water contact angle of unhydrophobic membrane material; Contact angle after hydrophobicity , Parts by weight of hydrophobic modifier Baking time; By linking the amount of hydrophobic modifier added with the baking time, the formation of the surface hydrophobic layer can be precisely controlled, thereby improving water resistance; Durability retention rate ( )formula: ; in, Complete curing degree; Improved hydrophobicity.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The present invention discloses an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending and its thermal runaway suppression method. This method utilizes a combination of composite aerogel modification pretreatment, dual-phase change gradient composite coating, and synergistic doping with multifunctional additives to construct a wide-temperature-range gradient thermal storage system with a dual barrier of physical insulation and chemical flame retardancy. The dual-phase change material expands the thermal storage range through gradient matching, while microcapsule coating and an anti-migration system solve leakage problems. The composite aerogel achieves precise matching of thermal conductivity and insulation, and when combined with synergistic flame retardant additives, effectively blocks heat conduction and flame spread, increasing the phase change enthalpy by more than 40% and achieving a flame retardancy rating of V-0, thus completely solving the pain points of traditional materials' single function and poor synergy.

[0015] 2. The aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending and its thermal runaway suppression method described in this invention balances cross-linking strength and heat-sealing performance through a series of processes including bi-dispersive medium premixing, low-temperature cross-linking regulation, gradient curing, and hydrophobic post-treatment. The bi-dispersive medium and anti-migration system ensure uniform dispersion of components, while the low-temperature cross-linking system reduces the heat-sealing temperature while improving structural strength. Gradient curing ensures complete reaction and functional activation, and hydrophobic post-treatment enhances water resistance. Ultimately, the tensile strength of the film material is ≥15MPa, the heat-sealing temperature is reduced by 20~30℃, and the functional retention rate is ≥90% after 500 high and low temperature cycles, effectively solving the core problems of loose structure, migration and leakage, and insufficient durability of traditional materials. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a system flowchart of the pretreatment of the composite aerogel carrier in this invention; Figure 2 This is a system flowchart of gradient composite and microcapsule encapsulation of the two-phase change system in this invention; Figure 3 This is a system flowchart of the construction of the bidisperse media premixing and anti-migration system in this invention; Figure 4 This is a system flowchart for precise control of the crosslinking film-forming system in this invention; Figure 5 This is a system flowchart of the synergistic doping and uniform dispersion of multifunctional additives in this invention; Figure 6 This is a system flowchart of gradient curing film formation and hydrophobic post-treatment in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending is composed of the following materials: Composite aerogel carrier: Main aerogel: hydrophobically modified Aerogel (particle size 50~200nm, porosity 92%~98%) 6~10 parts; Enhanced aerogels: Nitrogen-doped graphene aerogels (Specific surface area 1200~1800) 2-4 portions; Modifier: 0.3-0.8 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) to improve the compatibility of aerogel with phase change materials; Dispersion medium: 15-25 parts anhydrous ethanol (to replace part of the water and reduce the water absorption rate of the finished product); Two-phase transition synergistic system: Organic phase change component: branched docosane (phase change temperature 28~32℃, phase change enthalpy 210~230J / g) 30~45 parts; Inorganic phase change component: 10-18 parts of modified calcium chloride hexahydrate (modified by montmorillonite intercalation, phase change temperature 35-40℃, phase change enthalpy 80-100J / g); Microcapsule coating agent: 8-12 parts of polyurea-melamine-formaldehyde copolymer (core / shell mass ratio 3:1~5:1), used to coat inorganic phase change components and inhibit leakage; Heat-sealing film-forming enhancement system: Base film resin: 25-35 parts of waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer (solid content 45%-55%) to ensure heat sealing strength; Heat sealing accelerator: 1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA, molecular weight 400) to reduce heat sealing temperature; Anti-migration agent: 2-5 parts of organobentonite (modified with quaternary ammonium salt) to prevent the migration and precipitation of phase change materials; Crosslinking agent: 0.5-1.2 parts of aziridine derivative (100% solid content) to improve the water resistance and temperature resistance of the membrane material; Moisture control component: 8-22 parts deionized water (core water percentage, 8%-22% by total formula weight), used to adjust the viscosity of the system, with no additional free water added; Functional additives: Flame retardant: Microencapsulated red phosphorus (particle size 1~5) (Coverage rate ≥ 90%) 3–6 portions; Antibacterial agent: 0.8-1.5 parts of nano zinc oxide (particle size 20-50nm); Antioxidant: Hindered phenols 1010 0.3-0.6 parts; The above materials are in parts by weight, totaling 100 portions; Synergistic effect of composite aerogels: Aerogel ensures low thermal conductivity (≤55) Nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel improves thermal conductivity (compared to single-component graphene aerogel). (The thermal conductivity of aerogel is increased by 30% to 40%), solving the problem of slow phase change response caused by poor thermal conductivity of traditional aerogel; Temperature matching of the dual-phase change system: the organic phase change component covers the room temperature energy storage, and the inorganic phase change component supplements the medium temperature range. The overall phase change enthalpy reaches 180~220 J / g, which is more than 40% higher than that of the single phase change system. Precise control of water content: Water is used only as a dispersion medium in the film-forming system and is locked in by organic bentonite and crosslinking agent. The residual water content of the finished product is ≤1.5% and the water contact angle is ≥145°, which solves the problem of poor water resistance of traditional water-based systems.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a method for suppressing thermal runaway of an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending is disclosed. This suppression method is applicable to the aerogel heat-sealing film described above and includes the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of composite aerogel carrier modification: Take 6-10 parts by weight of hydrophobic modification Aerogel (particle size 50~200nm, porosity 92%~98%) and 2~4 parts nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel (specific surface area 1200~1800 sq m) Add 15-25 parts of anhydrous ethanol dispersion medium and place in an ultrasonic disperser (power 300-500 W, frequency 40 kHz) to disperse for 30-45 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion and no agglomeration of aerogel particles; then add 0.3-0.8 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) modifier dropwise and stir in a constant temperature stirrer at 50-60℃ (speed 600-800 rpm). The reaction takes 2-3 hours; organic functional groups are introduced through the reaction of the amino groups of the silane coupling agent with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the aerogel, enhancing the interfacial bonding with organic phase change materials and resin matrices; simultaneously, the high thermal conductivity of nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel and The low thermal conductivity of aerogels complements each other, ensuring both insulation performance and addressing the lag in heat storage response caused by the slow thermal conductivity of phase change materials. This is a significant improvement over traditional single-phase aerogels. Aerogel carrier, with over 40% improved biocompatibility and 35% optimized thermal conductivity matching. S2, Gradient composite and microcapsule encapsulation of a two-phase change system: By weight, first take 30-45 parts of branched docosane (phase change temperature 28-32℃) and melt it in a constant temperature reactor at 70-80℃. Then add 10-18 parts of calcium chloride hexahydrate modified with montmorillonite (modification process: calcium chloride hexahydrate and montmorillonite are mixed at a mass ratio of 5:1 and calcined at 100-120℃ for 1-2 hours to improve stability). Stir for 30-40 minutes to form a homogeneous mixed phase change system. Then add 8-12 parts of polyurea-melamine-formaldehyde copolymer coating agent (core material / shell material mass ratio 3:1-5:1) and stir at 40-50℃ at 1000-1200... Stirring at high speed for 60-90 minutes; forming microcapsule structures through in-situ polymerization to encapsulate and lock the inorganic phase change components; this design achieves wide temperature gradient heat storage at 28-32℃ (organic phase) and 35-40℃ (inorganic phase), with the phase change enthalpy increased by 40% compared to the single system. At the same time, microcapsule encapsulation reduces the leakage rate of inorganic phase change to below 1%, solving the industry pain points of traditional inorganic phase change materials being prone to deliquescence and leakage. S3. Construction of a bidisperse media premixed and anti-migration system: Cool the S1-modified composite aerogel dispersion to room temperature, and slowly add 8–22 parts by weight of deionized water (8%–22% of total water content), maintaining a rotation speed of 600–800 rpm. Stir for 15–20 minutes to form an anhydrous ethanol-deionized water dual dispersion medium (ethanol to water volume ratio 1:1–1.5:1), ensuring the dispersion stability of the aerogel while avoiding the poor water resistance problem of a single aqueous system. Then, add 2–5 parts of quaternary ammonium salt-modified organobentonite and continue stirring for 30–40 minutes, utilizing the layered structure of the organobentonite to form a physical barrier network. Next, slowly inject the dual-phase change microcapsule system prepared in S2 into the dispersion, and then stir using ultrasound (400W power, 20 minutes) combined with high-speed stirring (1200–1500 RPM). A composite dispersion method (60 minutes) ensures uniform dispersion of phase change microcapsules, aerogels, and organobentonite without local agglomeration; the dual dispersion medium enhances compatibility, and the layered bentonite forms an anti-migration barrier, reducing the migration rate of the phase change material by 70%, and improving dispersion uniformity by 50% compared to traditional single dispersion systems; S4. Precise control of the cross-linking film-forming system: Add 25-35 parts by weight of waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer (solid content 45%-55%) to the S3 pre-dispersion system. After stirring for 20-30 minutes, slowly add 0.5-1.2 parts by weight of aziridine derivative crosslinking agent (solid content 100%), controlling the dropping rate at 1-2 drops / second. React at 30-40℃ for 60-90 minutes. The active groups of the crosslinking agent form a three-dimensional network structure with the resin molecular chains, firmly locking in the phase change material, aerogel, and anti-migration agent. Then add 1-3 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA, molecular weight 400) heat-sealing accelerator and continue stirring for 30 minutes. Utilize the flexible segments of PEGDA to optimize the heat-sealing performance of the membrane. During the reaction, control the system viscosity at 500-800 mPa·s (25℃) to ensure the continuity of subsequent film formation. This design overcomes the bottleneck of "crosslinking strength and heat-sealing performance being mutually exclusive," and the tensile strength of the crosslinked membrane is ≥15. MPa, heat sealing temperature reduced to 70~110℃ (20~30℃ lower than traditional), heat sealing strength ≥2.5MPa; S5. Synergistic doping and uniform dispersion of multifunctional additives: By weight, first add 3-6 parts of microencapsulated red phosphorus (particle size 1-5 mm) to the fourth step crosslinking system. (coverage rate ≥90%), with 800~1000 Stir at high speed for 40-50 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of microcapsules; then add 0.8-1.5 parts of nano zinc oxide (particle size 20-50nm), and promote the dispersion of nanoparticles by ultrasonic dispersion (300W power, 15 minutes) to avoid agglomeration; finally add 0.3-0.6 parts of hindered phenolic 1010 antioxidant, and stir for 20-30 minutes to complete the system composite; microencapsulated red phosphorus releases flame retardant components upon heating, forming a phosphoric acid-based heat insulation coating; nano zinc oxide has both antibacterial and catalytic detoxification functions; antioxidant inhibits high-temperature oxidation and decomposition, and the three work synergistically to achieve multi-dimensional protection of "flame suppression + VOCs reduction + antibacterial"; compared with traditional single flame retardant additives, this system achieves a vertical combustion rating of UL94 V-0, reduces toxic gas release by 60%, and has an antibacterial rate of ≥99%, expanding the safety of membrane materials in confined spaces; S6. Gradient curing film formation and hydrophobic post-treatment: The fifth step composite system is injected into the casting machine trough, and the casting speed is controlled at 0.5~1. The film, with a thickness of 0.1~0.3 mm, is subjected to segmented processing in a gradient curing oven: the first stage is drying at 60℃ for 30~40 minutes to remove most of the moisture in the system (residual moisture ≤2%); the second stage is holding at 90℃ for 60~90 minutes to promote complete cross-linking reaction and strengthen the three-dimensional network structure; the third stage is activation at 120℃ for 20~30 minutes to activate the functional activity of microcapsule flame retardants and phase change materials; after curing, the film is cooled to room temperature, and 0.1~0.3 parts of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane hydrophobic modifier are applied by spraying, and baked at 80℃ for 15~20 minutes to form a hydrophobic surface layer (water contact angle ≥145°); the final product is tested under thermal runaway simulation: the temperature rise rate is reduced by 60% under 100℃ thermal shock, the functional retention rate is ≥90% after 500 high and low temperature cycles, and there is no leakage or cracking. Compared with the traditional film forming process, the durability is improved by 70%, and the stability of thermal runaway suppression effect is significantly optimized.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the adaptation algorithm for the pretreatment of the composite aerogel carrier in S1 above is composed of the following formula: Compatibility improvement rate ( )formula: ; in, single Interfacial tension between aerogel and phase change material (mN / m, typically 25~30). Interfacial tension of the unmodified composite aerogel; The interfacial tension of the modified composite aerogel (based on the amount of KH550 added) Reaction time Decide: , share, ); The modification effect of KH550 is quantified by the change in interfacial tension. The greater the reduction in interfacial tension, the more significant the improvement in compatibility. The formula directly relates the amount of modifier added and the reaction time, ensuring that the modification process can be quantified and controlled. Dispersion uniformity ( )formula: ; in, Ultrasonic power (W, 300~500); Ultrasound time (min, 30~45); Aerogel solid-liquid ratio (parts / part, (6~10+2~4) / 15~25); Viscosity of the dispersion medium (mPa·s, 1.2~1.5 for anhydrous ethanol at 25℃); By combining ultrasonic parameters and solid-liquid ratio, the combined effect of "ultrasonic dispersion + constant temperature stirring" is quantified. The higher the value, the less agglomerate the aerogel particles and the more uniform the dispersion. Thermal conductivity matching coefficient ( )formula: ; in, hydrophobic Aerogel weight parts (6~10); Nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel, parts by weight (2-4). Thermal conductivity of aerogel (mW / (m·k), ≤55); Thermal conductivity of nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel (mW / (m·k), 800~1200); By weighting the ratio of the two aerogels and their respective thermal conductivity, a synergistic effect of "low thermal conductivity insulation + high thermal conductivity promoting phase change response" is achieved, avoiding the problem that a single aerogel is either too slow to conduct heat or insufficient to provide insulation. Compared to existing technologies that lack clearly quantifiable compatibility and thermal conductivity matching algorithms and rely solely on empirical addition of modifiers, single aerogels... For values ​​≤40 or ≥500, either the response is slow or the insulation is poor. This algorithm addresses these issues. It can be precisely controlled within 40% to 60% (current technology ≤25%). ≥85 (Prior technology ≤60), It stabilizes at 80~150 mW / (m·k), achieving a precise match between thermal insulation and thermal conduction, and reducing the effect fluctuation by 70% compared to traditional algorithms.

[0022] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the adaptation algorithm for gradient recombination and microcapsule encapsulation of the two-phase change system in S2 above is composed of the following formula: Phase change enthalpy increase rate ( )formula: ; in, Branched docosane, parts by weight (30-45); Modified calcium chloride hexahydrate, parts by weight (10~18). Organic phase transition enthalpy (J / g, 210~230); Inorganic phase transition enthalpy (J / g, 80~100); Enthalpy (J / g, 150~180) of a single organic phase transition system. The synergistic thermal storage effect of dual phase change materials is directly related to the ratio of the two phase change materials and their respective enthalpy values, ensuring that the total enthalpy value is significantly improved compared to a single system. Leakage inhibition rate ( )formula: ; in, Leakage amount of uncoated inorganic phase change material (g, typically 3~5); Leakage after coating (g); ×(1-0.12 -0.08 ); Microcapsule encapsulation rate (%) ≥90); Montmorillonite addition amount (parts) / 5); By directly linking the microcapsule encapsulation rate and montmorillonite modification amount with the leakage rate, the leakage risk of inorganic phase change materials can be precisely controlled to avoid functional failure. Temperature gradient coverage ( )formula: ; in, Organic phase transition temperatures (°C, 28~32); Inorganic phase transition temperature (°C, 35~40); The highest temperature of a single-phase-change system (°C, 32~35); Lowest temperature (°C, 28~30) for a single phase change system. The value measures the ability of a two-phase change system to cover a temperature range; the higher the value, the more comprehensively it adapts to the temperature changes in the early stages of thermal runaway. Compared to existing technologies, single-phase transition systems lack temperature gradient quantization algorithms. ≤10%, ≤60%, The algorithm addresses the issues of ≤30%, narrow heat storage range, and severe leakage. Stable at 40%–60%, ≥99%, With a efficiency of ≥85%, it achieves a dual breakthrough in wide-temperature-range thermal storage and zero leakage, improving thermal storage efficiency by 4 times and leakage control accuracy by 3 levels compared to traditional algorithms.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the adaptation algorithm for constructing the bidisperse medium premixing and anti-migration system in S3 above consists of the following formula: Dispersion uniformity coefficient ( )formula: ; in, Ultrasonic power (W, 400); Ultrasound time (min, 20); Stirring speed (r / min, 1200~1500); Total solid-liquid ratio (parts / part, (composite aerogel + phase change microcapsule + bentonite) / bi-dispersion medium); The viscosity of the bidisperse medium (mPa·s) is determined by the alcohol-to-water ratio: =1.2×(E / W)+0.3, where E / W = ethanol / water volume ratio 1~1.5). By integrating three major factors—ultrasound, high-speed stirring, and dual dispersion media—the dispersion effect of multi-component systems is quantified, avoiding localized agglomeration caused by a single dispersion method. Migration inhibition rate ( )formula: ; in, Migration amount of phase change material in non-anti-migration systems (g, conventional 2~4). The migration amount (g) of the anti-migration system. , Organic bentonite, parts by weight (2-5); By combining the amount of organic bentonite added with the dispersion uniformity, the anti-migration effect of the layered barrier network is quantified to ensure that the phase change material does not precipitate at high temperatures. System stability ( )formula: ; in, Initial system viscosity (mPa·s, 500~800); Change in viscosity after standing for 24 hours. , The alcohol-to-water volume ratio is 1~1.5; By adjusting the alcohol-water ratio, the viscosity stability of the system is controlled, stratification after standing is avoided, and the continuity of subsequent film formation is ensured. Compared to existing technologies, single-distributed-medium algorithms ≤60, ≤30%, For systems with a dispersion rate of ≤80%, severe migration, and easy stratification, this algorithm addresses these issues. ≥90, ≥70%, The dispersion uniformity is ≥98%, which is 50% higher than that of traditional algorithms, the migration suppression effect is more than twice as good, and the system stability is close to 100%.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the adaptation algorithm for precise control of the crosslinking film-forming system in S4 above consists of the following formula: Degree of crosslinking ( )formula: ; in, Aziridine crosslinking agent, parts by weight (0.5~1.2). Crosslinking reaction rate constant ( (0.008~0.012). Reaction time (h, 1~1.5); Reaction temperature (°C, 30~40); Waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer, parts by weight (25~35); Precisely quantify the effects of crosslinking agent addition, reaction temperature, and time on crosslinking effect to avoid insufficient crosslinking (loose structure) or excessive crosslinking (embrittlement). Heat seal strength improvement rate ( )formula: ; in, Heat sealing strength of uncrosslinked system (MPa, typically 1.0~1.5). Heat seal strength after cross-linking (MPa). , PEGDA parts by weight (1~3); The correlation between the degree of crosslinking and the amount of PEGDA added demonstrates the synergy of "crosslinking-enhanced structure + PEGDA-optimized heat sealing", resolving the contradiction between traditional crosslinking and heat sealing. Heat sealing temperature drop ( )formula: ; in, PEGDA parts by weight (1~3); Resin weight parts (25~35); Degree of crosslinking (%, 30~60); The effect of PEGDA on heat sealing temperature is quantified, while the influence of crosslinking degree on temperature is balanced to ensure both low-temperature heat sealing and high strength. Compared to existing technologies, the crosslinking degree algorithm does not consider heat sealing coordination. >50% decline, At temperatures below 10℃, it's impossible to simultaneously address the issues of strength and low-temperature heat sealing. This algorithm will... Controlled between 30% and 60%, ≥67% ≥2.5MPa), ≥20℃ (heat sealing temperature 70~110℃), achieving a triple breakthrough of "high cross-linking degree + high heat sealing strength + low heat sealing temperature" compared to traditional algorithms.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the adaptation algorithm for synergistic doping and uniform dispersion of multifunctional additives in S5 above is composed of the following formula: Flame suppression rating improved ( )formula: ; in, Flame retardant system flame retardancy rating (UL94, standard V-2). Microencapsulated red phosphorus (3-6 parts by weight); Red phosphorus coating rate (%) ≥90); Aluminum hydroxide, parts by weight (0~4); The final rating is converted according to the UL94 standard (V-2→V-1→V-0). The synergistic flame-retardant effect of microencapsulated red phosphorus (encapsulation rate ensures stability) and aluminum hydroxide is directly related to the amount of additives added and functional indicators; Toxic gas emission reduction rate ( )formula: ; in, Antioxidant 1010 parts by weight (0.3~0.6); Nano zinc oxide (0.8~1.5 parts by weight); , These are the emission reduction coefficients for the two additives, with 0.7 being the maximum synergistic coefficient; It embodies the synergy between antioxidants (inhibiting oxidative decomposition) and nano zinc oxide (catalytic detoxification), avoiding the problem of limited emission reduction effects of single additives; Antibacterial rate ( )formula: ; in, Nano zinc oxide (0.8~1.5 parts by weight); Uniformity of nano-zinc oxide dispersion (determined by ultrasonic power of 300W and time of 15min) ≥0.9); By combining the amount of nano zinc oxide added with the uniformity of dispersion, the antibacterial components are ensured to fully contact the pathogens, thereby enhancing the antibacterial effect; Compared to existing technologies, single-adjuvant algorithms ≤V-1, ≤30%, This algorithm addresses the issues of ≤95%, limited functionality, and limited effectiveness. ≥V-0 level, ≥60%, With a yield of ≥99%, it achieves multi-dimensional synergy of "flame suppression + toxicity reduction + antibacterial" compared to traditional algorithms, reducing the release of toxic gases by more than half and improving the antibacterial effect by 4 percentage points.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the adaptation algorithm for gradient curing film formation and hydrophobic post-treatment in S6 above is composed of the following formula: Curing completeness ( )formula: ; in, First stage temperature (°C, 60). Time (h, 0.5~0.7); Second stage temperature (°C, 90). Time (h, 1~1.5); Third stage temperature (°C, 120). Time (h, 0.3~0.5); Standard single curing temperature (°C, 100). Standard curing time (h, 2); The temperature-time synergistic effect of the three-stage gradient curing process is quantified to ensure complete crosslinking reaction and full activation of functional components, avoiding uneven curing inside and outside caused by curing at a single temperature. Hydrophobicity improvement rate ( )formula: ; in, Water contact angle of unhydrophobic membrane material (°, typically 90~110). Contact angle (°) after hydrophobicity. , Hydrophobic modifier, parts by weight (0.1~0.3). Baking time (h, 0.25~0.3); By linking the amount of hydrophobic modifier added with the baking time, the formation of the surface hydrophobic layer can be precisely controlled, thereby improving water resistance; Durability retention rate ( )formula: ; in, Curing completeness (%) ≥95); Improvement rate of hydrophobicity (%) ≥40% By integrating curing completeness and hydrophobic properties, the functional stability of the membrane material after high and low temperature cycling is quantified to ensure long-term use without failure. Compared to existing technologies, single-solidification algorithms ≤85%, ≤20%, The algorithm addresses issues such as ≤70% curing unevenness, poor hydrophobicity, and weak durability. ≥95%, ≥40% ≥145°), ≥90%, which improves the solidification completeness by 12% compared with the traditional algorithm, doubles the hydrophobicity, and increases the durability retention rate by 28 percentage points.

[0027] Example 1 (Baseline Formulation) Component categories Specific components weight Key process parameters Composite aerogel carrier <![CDATA[Hydrophobic SiO2 aerogel (100 nm) + nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel]]> 8+3 Ultrasound treatment at 400W for 40 minutes, KH550 solution 0.5 parts, reaction at 55℃ for 2.5 hours. Two-phase transition system Branched docosane + montmorillonite modified calcium chloride hexahydrate 38+14 Core-to-shell ratio 4:1, 10 parts polyurea-melamine-formaldehyde copolymer Dispersion and Anti-migration 20 parts anhydrous ethanol + 15 parts deionized water + 3 parts organic bentonite - The alcohol-to-water ratio was 1.2:1, and the mixture was ultrasonicated at 400W for 20 minutes and stirred at 1300 rpm for 60 minutes. Cross-linked film-forming system Waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer + aziridine crosslinker + PEGDA 30+0.8+2 Crosslinking at 35℃ for 75 min, viscosity 650 mPa·s Multifunctional additives Microencapsulated red phosphorus + nano zinc oxide + antioxidant 1010 4+1.2+0.4 300W ultrasound for 15 minutes to disperse Curing and hydrophobicity perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane 0.2 Gradient curing (60℃ / 35min→90℃ / 75min→120℃ / 25min), followed by hydrophobic baking at 80℃ for 18min. Performance test results: Phase change enthalpy: 198 J / g; Heat sealing temperature: 90℃; Heat sealing strength: 2.8 MPa; Flame retardation rating: UL94V-0; Water contact angle: 148°; After high and low temperature cycling: Phase change enthalpy retention rate 96%, no leakage or cracking; migration rate ≤0.8%; Thermal runaway suppression: The rate of temperature rise is reduced by 65% ​​under a 100℃ thermal shock; Example 2 (High energy storage formula, with increased proportion of phase change material) Component categories Specific components weight Key process parameters Composite aerogel carrier <![CDATA[Hydrophobic SiO2 aerogel (150 nm) + nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel]]> 7+4 Ultrasound treatment at 450W / 40min, KH550 0.6 parts, reaction at 58℃ for 2.5h. Two-phase transition system Branched docosane + montmorillonite modified calcium chloride hexahydrate 42+16 Core-to-shell ratio 5:1, 11 parts polyurea-melamine-formaldehyde copolymer Dispersion and Anti-migration 22 parts anhydrous ethanol + 18 parts deionized water + 4 parts organic bentonite - The alcohol-to-water ratio was 1.2:1, and the mixture was ultrasonicated at 400W for 25 minutes followed by stirring at 1400 rpm for 60 minutes. Cross-linked film-forming system Waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer + aziridine crosslinker + PEGDA 32+1.0+2.5 Crosslinking at 38℃ for 80 min, viscosity 700 mPa·s Multifunctional additives Microencapsulated red phosphorus + nano zinc oxide + antioxidant 1010 5+1.3+0.5 300W ultrasound for 15 minutes to disperse Curing and hydrophobicity perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane 0.25 Gradient curing (60℃ / 40min→90℃ / 80min→120℃ / 30min), followed by hydrophobic baking at 80℃ for 20min. Performance test results: Phase change enthalpy: 215 J / g; Heat sealing temperature: 95℃; Heat sealing strength: 2.6 MPa; Flame retardation rating: UL94 V-0; Water contact angle: 146°; After high and low temperature cycling: Phase change enthalpy retention rate 95%, no leakage; migration rate ≤1.0%; Thermal runaway suppression: Temperature rise rate reduced by 70% under 100℃ thermal shock; Example 3 (High flame retardant and weather-resistant formulation, with added flame retardant and hydrophobic modifier) Component categories Specific components weight Key process parameters Composite aerogel carrier <![CDATA[Hydrophobic SiO2 aerogel (80 nm) + nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel]]> 9+3 Ultrasound at 500W for 35 minutes, KH550 0.7 parts, reaction at 60℃ for 2 hours. Two-phase transition system Branched docosane + montmorillonite modified calcium chloride hexahydrate 35+12 Core-to-shell ratio 3:1, 9 parts polyurea-melamine-formaldehyde copolymer Dispersion and Anti-migration 18 parts anhydrous ethanol + 10 parts deionized water + 5 parts organic bentonite - Alcohol to water ratio 1.5:1, ultrasonication 400W / 20min + stirring at 1500r / min for 50min Cross-linked film-forming system Waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer + aziridine crosslinker + PEGDA 28+1.1+1.5 Crosslinking at 36℃ for 90 min, viscosity 600 mPa·s Multifunctional additives Microencapsulated red phosphorus + nano zinc oxide + antioxidant 1010 6+1.5+0.6 300W ultrasound for 20 minutes to disperse Curing and hydrophobicity perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane 0.30 Gradient curing (60℃ / 35min→90℃ / 90min→120℃ / 25min), followed by hydrophobic baking at 80℃ for 20min. Performance test results: Phase change enthalpy: 185 J / g; Heat sealing temperature: 85℃; Heat sealing strength: 2.9 MPa; Flame retardation rating: UL94 V-0 (self-extinguishing time ≤2s); water contact angle: 152°; After high and low temperature cycling: Phase change enthalpy retention rate 97%, no leakage, no mold growth; migration rate ≤0.5%; Thermal runaway suppression: The rate of temperature rise was reduced by 62% under a 100℃ thermal shock; Comparative Example 1 (Single aerogel + single-phase change system, without composite modification and microcapsule encapsulation) Component categories Specific components weight Key process parameters Aerogel carrier <![CDATA[Single hydrophobic SiO2 aerogel (100nm)]]> 11 copies No KH550 modification, only ultrasonic dispersion for 30 min Phase transition system Pure branched docosane 50 copies No inorganic phase transition components, no coating Distributed system 30 parts deionized water - Single water-based dispersion, without organic bentonite Film-forming system Waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer 30 copies No cross-linking agent, no heat-sealing accelerator Additives Ordinary red phosphorus (uncoated) 4 copies No nano zinc oxide and antioxidants Curing No hydrophobic post-treatment - Curing at 100℃ for 2 hours Performance test results: Phase change enthalpy: 135 J / g; Heat sealing temperature: 120℃; Heat sealing strength: 1.2 MPa; Flame retardation rating: UL94 V-2 (with dripping combustion); Water contact angle: 105°; After high and low temperature cycling: Phase change enthalpy retention rate 65%, significant leakage; migration rate ≥8%; Thermal runaway suppression: Temperature rise rate reduced by 25% under 100℃ thermal shock; Comparative Example 2 (No Anti-migration System + Single Dispersion Medium) Component categories Specific components weight Key process parameters Composite aerogel carrier Same as Example 1 11 copies Same as Example 1 Two-phase transition system Same as Example 1 (with microcapsule coating) 52 copies Same as Example 1 Distributed system 35 parts of deionized water (excluding anhydrous ethanol) - No organic bentonite, only ultrasonic dispersion Cross-linked film-forming system Same as Example 1 32.8 copies Same as Example 1 Multifunctional additives Same as Example 1 5.6 copies Same as Example 1 Curing and hydrophobicity Same as Example 1 0.2 copies Same as Example 1 Performance test results: Phase change enthalpy: 180 J / g; Heat sealing temperature: 92℃; Heat sealing strength: 2.0 MPa; Flame retardation rating: UL94 V-1; Water contact angle: 130°; After high and low temperature cycling: Phase change enthalpy retention rate 75%, slight leakage; migration rate ≥5%; Thermal runaway suppression: Temperature rise rate reduced by 40% under 100℃ thermal shock; Comparative Example 3 (Traditional high-temperature crosslinking system, without low-temperature crosslinking and heat-sealing accelerator) Component categories Specific components weight Key process parameters Composite aerogel carrier Same as Example 1 11 copies Same as Example 1 Two-phase transition system Same as Example 1 52 copies Same as Example 1 Dispersion and Anti-migration Same as Example 1 33 copies Same as Example 1 Film-forming system Waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer + traditional epoxy resin crosslinking agent 30+1.5 portions Crosslinking at 80℃ for 2 hours, without PEGDA Multifunctional additives Same as Example 1 5.6 copies Same as Example 1 Curing and hydrophobicity Same as Example 1 0.2 copies Same as Example 1 Performance test results: Phase change enthalpy: 190 J / g; heat sealing temperature: 130℃; heat sealing strength: 1.8 MPa; Flame retardation rating: UL94 V-0; Water contact angle: 145°; After high and low temperature cycling: Phase change enthalpy retention rate 80%, membrane material becomes embrittled and cracks; migration rate ≤2%; Thermal runaway suppression: The rate of temperature rise is reduced by 50% under a 100°C thermal shock; Comparative Example 4 (Single curing process + no hydrophobic post-treatment) Component categories Specific components weight Key process parameters Composite aerogel carrier Same as Example 1 11 copies Same as Example 1 Two-phase transition system Same as Example 1 52 copies Same as Example 1 Dispersion and Anti-migration Same as Example 1 33 copies Same as Example 1 Cross-linked film-forming system Same as Example 1 32.8 copies Same as Example 1 Multifunctional additives Same as Example 1 5.6 copies Same as Example 1 Curing No hydrophobic post-treatment - Curing at 90℃ for 3 hours Performance test results: Phase change enthalpy: 195 J / g; Heat sealing temperature: 90℃; Heat sealing strength: 2.4 MPa; Flame retardation rating: UL94 V-0; Water contact angle: 95°; After high and low temperature cycling: Phase change enthalpy retention rate 70%, moisture absorption and leakage; migration rate ≤3%; Thermal runaway suppression: The rate of temperature rise is reduced by 55% under a 100°C thermal shock; Summary of performance comparison between the examples and comparative examples Performance indicators Scope of Examples 1-3 Comparative Examples 1-4 This application improves the effect. Phase transition enthalpy (J / g) 185~215 135~195 Improvement of over 40% (single phase change → dual phase change synergy) Heat seal strength (MPa) 2.5~2.9 1.2~2.4 Improved by more than 30% (low-temperature crosslinking + PEGDA synergy) Heat sealing temperature (°C) 85~95 90~130 Lower the temperature by 20-30℃ (heat sealing accelerator + low-temperature crosslinking) Flame retardation rating Grade V-0 (No dripping) Levels V-1 to V-2 Upgrade by 1-2 levels (microencapsulated red phosphorus + synergistic adjuvant) Water contact angle (°) 145~152 95~130 Improved by over 40% (after hydrophobic post-treatment) High and low temperature cycling retention rate (%) 95~97 65~80 Improvement of 20-30 percentage points (gradient solidification + anti-migration) The embodiments employ a six-step process of "composite aerogel modification, two-phase change coating, bi-dispersion anti-migration, low-temperature crosslinking, synergistic effect of multifunctional additives, and gradient curing hydrophobicity." This process significantly outperforms the comparative example (existing technology) in key indicators such as energy storage efficiency, heat sealing performance, flame retardant effect, and durability. It completely solves the core pain points of traditional aerogel heat-sealing films, namely "single function, poor synergy, unstable structure, and insufficient durability," thus verifying the inventiveness and practicality of the technical solution presented in this application.

[0028] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. An aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending, characterized in that: This aerogel heat-sealing film is composed of the following materials: Composite aerogel carrier: Main aerogel: hydrophobically modified 6-10 parts of aerogel; Enhanced aerogel: 2-4 parts of nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel; Modifier: 0.3-0.8 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; Dispersion medium: 15-25 parts anhydrous ethanol; Two-phase transition synergistic system: Organic phase change component: 30-45 parts of branched docosane; Inorganic phase change component: 10-18 parts of modified calcium chloride hexahydrate; Microcapsule coating agent: 8-12 parts of polyurea-melamine-formaldehyde copolymer; Heat-sealing film-forming enhancement system: Base film resin: 25-35 parts of waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer; Heat sealing accelerator: 1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol diacrylate; Anti-migration agent: 2-5 parts organic bentonite; Crosslinking agent: 0.5–1.2 parts of aziridine derivative; Moisture-regulating components: 8-22 parts deionized water; Functional additives: Flame retardant: 3-6 parts microencapsulated red phosphorus; Antibacterial agent: 0.8–1.5 parts of nano zinc oxide; Antioxidant: Hindered phenols 1010 0.3-0.6 parts; The above materials are in parts by weight, totaling 100 parts.

2. The method for suppressing thermal runaway of an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending according to claim 1, characterized in that: This inhibition method is applicable to the aerogel heat-sealing film of claim 1, and includes the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of composite aerogel carrier modification: Take 6-10 parts by weight of hydrophobic modification Aerogel and 2-4 parts of nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel were mixed with 15-25 parts of anhydrous ethanol dispersion medium and dispersed in an ultrasonic disperser for 30-45 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of aerogel particles without agglomeration; then 0.3-0.8 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane modifier were added dropwise and reacted for 2-3 hours. S2, Gradient composite and microcapsule encapsulation of a two-phase change system: By weight, first take 30-45 parts of branched docosane and melt it in a constant temperature reactor at 70-80℃. Then add 10-18 parts of calcium chloride hexahydrate modified with montmorillonite intercalation and stir for 30-40 minutes to form a homogeneous mixed phase change system. Subsequently, add 8-12 parts of polyurea-melamine-formaldehyde copolymer coating agent and stir at 40-50℃ with a flow rate of 1000-1200 rpm. Stir at 60-90 rpm for 60-90 minutes; S3. Construction of a bidisperse media premixing and anti-migration system: Cool the S1-modified composite aerogel dispersion to room temperature, then slowly add 8–22 parts by weight of deionized water while maintaining a rotation speed of 600–800 rpm. Stir for 15-20 minutes to form an anhydrous ethanol-deionized water bi-dispersion medium; then add 2-5 parts of quaternary ammonium salt modified organic bentonite and continue stirring for 30-40 minutes to form a physical barrier network using the layered structure of organic bentonite; then slowly inject the bi-phase change microcapsule system prepared in S2 into the dispersion. S4. Precise control of the cross-linking film-forming system: Add 25-35 parts by weight of waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer to the S3 pre-dispersion system, stir for 20-30 minutes, then slowly add 0.5-1.2 parts of aziridine derivative crosslinking agent, controlling the dropping rate at 1-2 drops / second, and react at 30-40°C for 60-90 minutes; then add 1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol diacrylate heat-sealing accelerator, and continue stirring for 30 minutes to optimize the heat-sealing performance of the film material using the flexible segments of PEGDA; during the reaction, control the viscosity of the system at 500-800 mPa·s to ensure the continuity of subsequent film formation; S5. Synergistic doping and uniform dispersion of multifunctional additives: By weight, first add 3-6 parts of microencapsulated red phosphorus to the fourth-step cross-linking system, at 800-1000... Stir at high speed for 40-50 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of microcapsules; then add 0.8-1.5 parts of nano zinc oxide and promote the dispersion of nanoparticles by ultrasonic dispersion to avoid agglomeration; finally add 0.3-0.6 parts of hindered phenolic 1010 antioxidant and stir for 20-30 minutes to complete the system composite; microencapsulated red phosphorus releases flame retardant components when heated to form a phosphoric acid heat insulation coating; S6. Gradient curing film formation and hydrophobic post-treatment: The fifth step composite system is injected into the casting machine trough, and the casting speed is controlled at 0.5~1. The film is cast to a thickness of 0.1~0.3mm and then subjected to segmented treatment in a gradient curing oven: the first stage is drying at 60℃ for 30~40 minutes to remove most of the moisture in the system; the second stage is holding at 90℃ for 60~90 minutes to promote complete cross-linking reaction and strengthen the three-dimensional network structure; the third stage is activation at 120℃ for 20~30 minutes to activate the functional activity of microcapsule flame retardants and phase change materials; after curing, the film is cooled to room temperature and 0.1~0.3 parts of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane hydrophobic modifier are applied by spraying and baked at 80℃ for 15~20 minutes to form a hydrophobic surface layer.

3. The method for suppressing thermal runaway of an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptation algorithm for the composite aerogel carrier modification pretreatment in S1 is composed of the following formula: Compatibility improvement rate ( )formula: ； in, single Interfacial tension between aerogels and phase change materials; Interfacial tension of the unmodified composite aerogel; Interfacial tension of the modified composite aerogel; Dispersion uniformity ( )formula: ； in, Ultrasonic power; Ultrasound time; aerogel solid-liquid ratio; Viscosity of the dispersion medium; Thermal conductivity matching coefficient ( )formula: ； in, hydrophobic aerogel parts by weight; Nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel, parts by weight; Thermal conductivity of aerogel; Thermal conductivity of nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel.

4. The method for suppressing thermal runaway of an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending according to claim 2, characterized in that: The matching algorithm for gradient recombination and microcapsule encapsulation of the two-phase change system in S2 is composed of the following formula: Phase change enthalpy increase rate ( )formula: ； in, Parts by weight of branched docosane; Modified calcium chloride hexahydrate, parts by weight; Organic phase transition enthalpy; Inorganic phase transition enthalpy; Enthalpy of a single organic phase transition system; Leakage inhibition rate ( )formula: ； in, Leakage amount of uncoated inorganic phase change material; Leakage after covering; ×(1-0.12 -0.08 )； Microcapsule encapsulation rate; Montmorillonite addition amount; Temperature gradient coverage ( )formula: ； in, Organic phase transition temperature; Inorganic phase transition temperature; The highest temperature of a single-phase-change system; The lowest temperature of a single-phase change system.

5. The method for suppressing thermal runaway of an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptation algorithm for constructing the bidisperse medium premixing and anti-migration system in S3 is composed of the following formula: Dispersion uniformity coefficient ( )formula: ； in, Ultrasonic power; Ultrasound time; Stirring speed; Total solid-liquid ratio; Viscosity of bidisperse media; Migration inhibition rate ( )formula: in, Migration amount of phase change material in non-anti-migration systems; Migration amount of anti-migration systems , Parts by weight of organic bentonite; System stability ( )formula: in, Initial system viscosity; Change in viscosity after standing for 24 hours. , The alcohol-to-water volume ratio is 1~1.

5.

6. The method for suppressing thermal runaway of an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptation algorithm for precise control of the crosslinked film-forming system in S4 is composed of the following formula: Degree of crosslinking ( )formula: ； in, Aziridine crosslinking agent (parts by weight); Crosslinking reaction rate constant; Reaction time; Reaction temperature; Parts by weight of waterborne polyurethane-acrylate copolymer; Heat seal strength improvement rate ( )formula: ； in, Heat seal strength of uncrosslinked systems; Cross-linked heat seal strength , PEGDA parts by weight; Heat sealing temperature drop ( )formula: ； in, PEGDA parts by weight; Resin by weight; Degree of crosslinking; The effect of PEGDA on heat sealing temperature is quantified, while the influence of crosslinking degree on temperature is balanced to ensure both low-temperature heat sealing and high strength.

7. The method for suppressing thermal runaway of an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptation algorithm for synergistic doping and uniform dispersion of multifunctional additives in S5 is composed of the following formula: Flame suppression rating improved ( )formula: ； in, Flame retardant rating of non-flame retardant system; Microencapsulated red phosphorus (parts by weight); Red phosphorus coating rate; Aluminum hydroxide, parts by weight; The final rating is calculated according to the UL94 standard; Toxic gas emission reduction rate ( )formula: ； in, 1010 parts by weight of antioxidant; Nano zinc oxide parts by weight; , These are the emission reduction coefficients for the two additives, with 0.7 being the maximum synergistic coefficient; Antibacterial rate ( )formula: ； in, Nano zinc oxide parts by weight; Uniformity of nano zinc oxide dispersion.

8. The method for suppressing thermal runaway of an aerogel heat-sealing film based on phase change material blending according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptation algorithm for gradient curing film formation and hydrophobic post-treatment in S6 is composed of the following formula: Curing completeness ( )formula: ； in, First stage temperature, time; Second stage temperature, time; Third stage temperature, time; Conventional single curing temperature, Standard curing time; Hydrophobicity improvement rate ( )formula: ； in, Water contact angle of unhydrophobic membrane material; Contact angle after hydrophobicity , Parts by weight of hydrophobic modifier Baking time; By linking the amount of hydrophobic modifier added with the baking time, the formation of the surface hydrophobic layer can be precisely controlled, thereby improving water resistance; Durability retention rate ( )formula: ； in, Complete curing degree; Improved hydrophobicity.

Images