Oily sludge directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil-containing sludge directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device, and belongs to the technical field of oil-containing sludge treatment and hydrogen energy preparation, the oil-containing sludge directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device comprises a pyrolysis bin and a heat source chamber, a pyrolysis pipeline and an exhaust pipeline are vertically arranged in the pyrolysis bin in parallel, and the pyrolysis pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are vertically connected through a catalytic pipeline; the pyrolysis pipeline is divided into an upper ventilation chamber and a lower pyrolysis chamber, the ventilation chamber is provided with a gas inlet pipeline, a first gas pump and a spiral heating pipe, and the pyrolysis chamber is internally provided with a gas equalizing ring (with double gas nozzles), a double-screw lifting clamping unit and a circumferential heating wire; a drawable catalysis box is arranged in the middle of the catalysis pipeline and is provided with an electromagnetic control sealing and fixing assembly; the device realizes automatic temperature control and operation through a control panel. The method is suitable for oily sludge with different treatment capacities, is convenient and stable to operate, and has environment-friendly and recycling values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oily sludge treatment and hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a device for hydrogen production by directional catalytic pyrolysis of oily sludge. Background Technology

[0002] Oily sludge is a hazardous waste generated during petroleum extraction and refining. Its complex composition includes large amounts of crude oil, water, silt, and harmful substances, and improper handling can cause serious environmental pollution. Pyrolysis technology, as one of the core technologies for the harmless and resource-based treatment of oily sludge, decomposes the organic components in the sludge at high temperatures, achieving the dual goals of crude oil recovery and hydrogen production.

[0003] Existing pyrolysis catalytic hydrogen production devices for oily sludge have the following technical defects: uneven gas distribution during pyrolysis leads to uneven heating of the oily sludge, resulting in low pyrolysis efficiency and limited hydrogen production; the catalytic components are mostly fixed installation structures, making replacement and maintenance inconvenient, and their poor sealing performance makes them prone to gas leakage; the fixing and lifting adjustment of the oily sludge in the pyrolysis chamber is difficult, resulting in insufficient flexibility to adapt to different processing capacities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge, which achieves uniform gas distribution, convenient replacement of catalytic components, flexible fixation of oily sludge, improved pyrolysis efficiency and hydrogen yield, and reduced energy consumption and maintenance costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge, comprising a pyrolysis chamber and a heat source chamber. A pyrolysis pipe and an exhaust pipe are vertically and parallelly arranged inside the pyrolysis chamber. The pyrolysis pipe and the exhaust pipe are connected via a catalytic pipe, which is perpendicular to both the pyrolysis pipe and the exhaust pipe. A packing port is provided at the lower end of the pyrolysis pipe. The upper part of the pyrolysis pipe is a ventilation chamber, and the lower part is the pyrolysis chamber. A first heating unit is provided inside the ventilation chamber. A gas equalization unit, a lifting unit, and a second heating unit are provided inside the pyrolysis chamber. The gas equalization unit is connected to the ventilation chamber. The lifting unit is connected to a drive unit located inside a motor compartment at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber. An extraction component is provided in the middle of the catalytic pipe. One end of the catalytic pipe passes through the pyrolysis pipe and connects to the upper end of the pyrolysis chamber, while the other end passes through the exhaust pipe and connects to an exhaust channel inside the exhaust pipe.

[0006] Preferably, an air inlet pipe is provided on the upper surface of the pyrolysis pipe, the upper end of the air inlet pipe penetrates the upper surface of the pyrolysis chamber, and the lower end is connected to the interior of the ventilation chamber. A first air pump is provided at the connection between the air inlet pipe and the upper end of the pyrolysis pipe. The first heating unit includes a spirally arranged first heating tube, which is embedded in the inner wall of the ventilation chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the gas equalization unit includes a gas equalization ring, which is integrally formed with the upper part of the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber, and a gas equalization chamber is formed inside the gas equalization ring; a vertically arranged connecting pipe is formed in the inner wall interlayer of the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber, the upper end of the connecting pipe is connected to the interior of the ventilation chamber, and the lower end is connected to the interior of the gas equalization chamber; a plurality of first jet ports are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner surface of the gas equalization ring, and the jet ends of the first jet ports are inclined in the vertical direction along the axis of the gas equalization ring; a plurality of second jet ports are evenly arranged along the circumference of the lower surface of the gas equalization ring, and the jet ends of the second jet ports are vertically downward; both the first jet ports and the second jet ports are connected to the interior of the gas equalization chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting unit includes a first transmission screw and a second transmission screw arranged vertically and symmetrically. The first transmission screw and the second transmission screw are respectively disposed in a placement groove vertically opened in the lower inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber, and the vertical height is lower than the height of the gas equalization ring. The upper end of the first transmission screw is fixed to the upper end of the placement groove through a rotating shaft, and the lower end passes through the lower surface of the placement groove and is connected to the drive unit. A slider is threadedly connected to the surface of the first transmission screw. A support rod is vertically fixed to one side surface of the slider. An arc-shaped clamp is fixed to one end of the support rod that passes through the placement groove. A limiting block is symmetrically provided on the side surface of the slider along the axis of the first transmission screw. A limiting groove adapted to the limiting block is opened in the inner wall of the placement groove. The second transmission screw has the same structure as the first transmission screw, and the arc-shaped clamp on the surface of the second transmission screw corresponds to the arc-shaped clamp on the surface of the first transmission screw.

[0009] Preferably, the second heating unit includes a plurality of heating wires arranged vertically and evenly in a circular pattern on the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the drive unit includes a first motor and a second motor disposed inside the motor compartment; the output end of the first motor passes through the lower surface of the pyrolysis pipe and is connected to the lower end of the first transmission screw, and the output end of the second motor passes through the lower surface of the pyrolysis pipe and is connected to the lower end of the second transmission screw; a sealed bearing is provided at the connection between the output end of the first motor, the output end of the second motor and the lower surface of the pyrolysis pipe; and elongated heat dissipation holes are uniformly opened on the outer surface of the motor compartment.

[0011] Preferably, the extraction assembly includes an extraction box, inside which is a catalyst box. A circular catalyst chamber is formed at the center of the catalyst box. The two side surfaces of the catalyst chamber are sealed to the catalyst pipes penetrating the two side surfaces of the extraction box by sealing rings. A connecting plate is provided on the side surface of the catalyst box away from the extraction box. The connecting plate is located inside the connection port formed on the surface of the pyrolysis chamber. The connecting plate corresponds to the opening of the extraction box. The four corners of the connecting plate near the extraction box are fixedly connected to one end of a pull rod. The other end of the pull rod is located in the limiting holes formed at the four corners of the opening surface of the extraction box. A rectangular sealing plate is provided on the side surface of the connecting plate near the extraction box. A sealing groove adapted to the sealing plate is formed on the opening surface of the extraction box.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing plate includes a first sealing plate arranged symmetrically in parallel vertically and a second sealing plate arranged symmetrically in parallel horizontally. The upper and lower surfaces of the second sealing plate are each provided with a fixing component. Each fixing component includes a fixing block, which is disposed within a fixing groove vertically opened on the upper surface of the second sealing plate. An electromagnet is fixedly disposed on the lower surface of the fixing groove, and a sensing block is disposed on the lower surface of the fixing block. One end of a compression spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fixing block, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fixing groove. Fixing holes adapted to the fixing block are opened on the upper and lower surfaces inside the sealing groove. A handle is provided on the side of the connecting plate away from the extraction box, and an on / off switch is provided on the upper surface of the handle. The electromagnet is electrically connected to the on / off switch.

[0013] Preferably, the upper surface of the exhaust pipe is provided with an outlet pipe, the upper end of which penetrates the upper surface of the pyrolysis chamber, and the lower end is connected to the exhaust channel inside the exhaust pipe.

[0014] Preferably, a control panel is provided on one side surface of the pyrolysis chamber, and the control panel is electrically connected to the temperature sensor inside the ventilation chamber, the temperature sensor inside the pyrolysis chamber, the drive unit, and the first air pump.

[0015] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned directed catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge, which has the following technical advantages: (1) The gas equalization unit of the present invention achieves uniform gas distribution in all directions to the pyrolysis chamber through the dual jet nozzle design. Combined with the circumferential electric heating wire layout of the second heating unit, it ensures uniform heating of oily sludge and improves pyrolysis efficiency.

[0016] (2) The extraction component of the present invention adopts a pull-out catalyst box structure, combined with an electromagnetically controlled sealing and fixing component, to realize the rapid replacement of catalyst, improve maintenance efficiency, and has excellent sealing performance.

[0017] (3) The lifting unit of the present invention uses a double transmission screw and an arc-shaped clamp to flexibly adjust the height and clamping force of the oily sludge carrying container, adapting to oily sludge of different specifications and processing volumes, and is highly flexible.

[0018] (4) The constant temperature setting inside the pyrolysis chamber, the preheating design of the ventilation chamber and the temperature control system of the pyrolysis chamber of the present invention realize temperature gradient control, reduce energy consumption and increase hydrogen production rate.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pyrolysis chamber of a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the internal structure of a hydrogen production device for directional catalytic pyrolysis of oily sludge according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the pyrolysis chamber in a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to the present invention; Figure 5 This invention relates to a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge. Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to the present invention; Figure 7 This invention relates to a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge. Figure 5 Enlarged sectional view at point B; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the extraction component structure of a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a side view of the extraction component in a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to the present invention; Figure 10 This invention relates to a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge. Figure 8 Enlarged view of point C.

[0021] Figure Labels 1. Pyrolysis pipe; 2. Exhaust pipe; 3. Catalytic converter pipe; 4. Packing port; 5. Ventilation chamber; 6. Pyrolysis chamber; 7. First heating pipe; 8. Inlet pipe; 9. First air pump; 10. Gas equalization ring; 11. Gas equalization chamber; 12. Connecting pipe; 13. First jet nozzle; 14. Second jet nozzle; 15. First transmission screw; 16. Second transmission screw; 17. Placement slot; 18. Slider; 19. Support rod; 20. Arc-shaped clamp; 21. Limiting block; 22. Limiting groove; 23. Heating wire; 24. Motor compartment; 25. First motor; 26. Second motor; 27. Sealed bearing; 28. Heat dissipation hole; 29. ​​Extraction box; 30. Catalytic converter box; 31. 31. Catalytic chamber; 32. Sealing ring; 33. Connecting plate; 34. Pull-out rod; 35. Limiting hole; 36. Sealing plate; 361. First sealing plate; 362. Second sealing plate; 37. Sealing groove; 38. Fixing assembly; 381. Fixing block; 382. Fixing groove; 383. Electromagnet; 384. Sensing block; 385. Compression spring; 39. Fixing hole; 40. Handle; 41. On / off switch; 42. Gas outlet pipe; 43. Exhaust passage; 44. Control panel; 45. Temperature sensor; 46. Connection port; 47. Pyrolysis chamber; 48. Heat source chamber; 49. Sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge includes a pyrolysis chamber 47 and a heat source chamber 48. The heat source chamber 48 provides a constant temperature environment for the interior of the pyrolysis chamber 47. The pyrolysis pipe 1 and the exhaust pipe 2 are vertically and parallelly arranged inside the pyrolysis chamber 47. The pyrolysis pipe 1 and the exhaust pipe 2 are vertically connected through a catalytic pipe 3 to form an H-shaped interconnected structure.

[0025] like Figures 4 to 7As shown, a packing port 4 is provided on the outer surface of the lower end of the pyrolysis pipe 1. One end of the packing port 4, which penetrates the surface of the pyrolysis chamber 47, is sealed with a sealing plate 49. The packing port 4 is used to add oily sludge into the pyrolysis chamber 6. The interior of the pyrolysis pipe 1 is divided into an upper ventilation chamber 5 and a lower pyrolysis chamber 6 in a vertical direction. An air inlet pipe 8 is provided on the upper surface of the ventilation chamber 5. The upper end of the air inlet pipe 8 is sealed and penetrates the upper surface of the pyrolysis chamber 47. A first air pump 9 is installed at the connection between the air inlet pipe 8 and the ventilation chamber 5 to deliver inert gas (such as nitrogen) or reaction gas to the ventilation chamber 5. A spiral first heating pipe 7 is embedded in the inner wall of the ventilation chamber 5 to preheat the introduced gas.

[0026] The pyrolysis chamber 6 is equipped with a gas equalization unit, a lifting unit, and a second heating unit. The gas equalization unit includes a gas equalization ring 10 integrally formed with the upper part of the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 6, and a gas equalization chamber 11 is opened inside the gas equalization ring 10. A vertical connecting pipe 12 is provided in the interlayer of the upper inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 6, the upper end of which is connected to the ventilation chamber 5 and the lower end of which is connected to the gas equalization chamber 11. Several first jet nozzles 13 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner surface of the gas equalization ring 10, and the jet ends are vertically inclined along the axis of the gas equalization ring 10 for the full reaction of inert gas and oily sludge. Several second jet nozzles 14 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the lower surface, and the jet ends are vertically downward for the rapid filling of the pyrolysis chamber 6 with inert gas. The first jet nozzles 13 and the second jet nozzles 14 are both connected to the gas equalization chamber 11 to realize the uniform injection of gas into the pyrolysis chamber 6 from all directions.

[0027] The lifting unit includes a first transmission screw 15 and a second transmission screw 16 arranged vertically and symmetrically, respectively installed in the placement groove 17 on the lower inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 6 (the height is lower than the gas equalization ring 10); the upper end of the transmission screw is fixed to the top of the placement groove 17 by a rotating shaft, and the lower end passes through the bottom of the placement groove 17 and is connected to the drive unit; a slider 18 is threadedly connected to the surface of the transmission screw, and a support rod 19 is vertically fixed on one side of the slider 18. An arc-shaped clamp 20 is installed at one end of the support rod 19 that passes through the placement groove 17; a limiting block 21 is provided on the side surface of the slider 18, and a matching limiting groove 22 is provided on the inner wall of the placement groove 17 to ensure that the slider 18 rises and falls smoothly; the arc-shaped clamps 20 of the two transmission screws are arranged opposite each other to clamp the oily sludge carrier container. The second heating unit includes several heating wires 23 arranged vertically and evenly along the circumference of the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 6 to achieve precise temperature control heating of the pyrolysis chamber 6.

[0028] The drive unit includes a first motor 25 and a second motor 26 located inside the motor compartment 24 at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber 47. The first motor 25 and the second motor 26 are respectively connected to the lower ends of the first transmission screw 15 and the second transmission screw 16. A sealed bearing 27 is provided at the connection between the motor output end and the lower surface of the pyrolysis pipe 1 to ensure the sealing of the pyrolysis chamber 6. Long strip-shaped heat dissipation holes 28 are evenly opened on the outer surface of the motor compartment 24 to achieve heat dissipation of the motor.

[0029] like Figures 8 to 10As shown, one end of the catalytic pipe 3 passes through the pyrolysis pipe 1 and connects to the upper end of the pyrolysis chamber 6, while the other end passes through the exhaust pipe 2 and connects to the exhaust channel 43. An extraction assembly is located in the middle of the catalytic pipe 3. The extraction assembly includes an extraction box 29, inside which is a catalytic chamber 30. A circular catalytic compartment 31 is located in the center of the catalytic chamber 30, and the catalytic compartment 31 is filled with a hydrogen production catalyst (such as a nickel-based catalyst or an iron-based catalyst). The two sides of the catalytic compartment 31 are sealed to the catalytic pipe 3 via sealing rings 32 to ensure no gas leakage. A connecting plate 33 is located on the side of the catalytic chamber 30 away from the extraction box 29. The connecting plate 33 is located within a connection port 46 on the surface of the pyrolysis chamber 47. Pull rods 34 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the connecting plate 33. The other end of the pull rods 34 is inserted into the limiting hole 35 at the opening of the extraction box 29 to guide and position the catalytic chamber 30.

[0030] A rectangular sealing plate 36 is provided on the side of the connecting plate 33 near the extraction box 29, and a matching sealing groove 37 is provided at the opening of the extraction box 29. The sealing plate 36 includes a first sealing plate 361 parallel vertically and a second sealing plate 362 parallel horizontally. The upper and lower surfaces of the second sealing plate 362 are provided with fixing components 38. The fixing components 38 include a fixing block 381 disposed in the fixing groove 382 of the second sealing plate 362. An electromagnet 383 is installed at the bottom of the fixing groove 382. A sensing block 384 is provided on the lower surface of the fixing block 381 and is connected to the bottom of the fixing groove 382 through a compression spring 385. The upper and lower surfaces of the sealing groove 37 are provided with fixing holes 39 that are adapted to the fixing block 381. A handle 40 is provided on the outside of the connecting plate 33. An on / off switch 41 is provided on the handle 40. The electromagnet 383 is electrically connected to the on / off switch 41 to realize the quick fixing and unlocking of the sealing plate 36.

[0031] The upper surface of the exhaust pipe 2 is provided with an outlet pipe 42. The upper end of the outlet pipe 42 is sealed and penetrates the upper surface of the pyrolysis chamber 47, and the lower end is connected to the exhaust channel 43 for exporting the prepared hydrogen. The pyrolysis chamber 47 is provided with a control panel 44 on one side surface, which is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 45 of the ventilation chamber 5, the temperature sensor 45 of the pyrolysis chamber 6, the drive unit (first motor 25, second motor 26), and the first air pump 9 to realize the automated control of the device.

[0032] Working principle: Open the sealing plate 49, and put the oily sludge into the carrying container through the filling port 4 at the lower end of the pyrolysis pipe 1 and then into the pyrolysis chamber 6. Start the drive unit by operating the control panel 44. The first motor 25 and the second motor 26 operate synchronously, driving the first transmission screw 15 and the second transmission screw 16 to rotate. The slider 18 rises along the transmission screw, and the arc-shaped clamp 20 clamps the carrying container and adjusts it to the preset height.

[0033] Start the first air pump 9 to introduce inert gas (such as nitrogen) into the ventilation chamber 5. At the same time, start the heat source chamber 48 through the control panel 44 to maintain a constant temperature environment inside the pyrolysis chamber 47, and start the first heating tube 7 to precisely preheat the gas to 200℃-300℃. The preheated gas enters the gas equalization chamber 11 through the connecting pipe 12, and diffuses evenly into the pyrolysis chamber 6 through the first jet nozzle 13 (lateral tilting jet) and the second jet nozzle 14 (vertical downward jet), and exhausts the air in the pyrolysis chamber.

[0034] The inert gas inlet is shut off, and the gas is switched to the reaction gas. The first heating tube 7 continuously preheats the gas to 300℃-400℃. The heating wire 23 of the second heating unit is activated to raise the temperature of the pyrolysis chamber 6 to 500℃-800℃. The oily sludge undergoes a pyrolysis reaction at high temperature. The pyrolysis products (containing hydrogen, methane, etc.) enter the catalytic box 30 of the extraction box 29 through the catalytic pipe 3. After being catalytically reformed by the catalyst (such as Ni / Al2O3) in the catalytic chamber 31, they are directionally converted into hydrogen.

[0035] The catalytically produced hydrogen enters the exhaust passage 43 of the exhaust pipe 2 through the catalytic pipe 3, and is finally discharged and collected through the exhaust pipe 42.

[0036] When the catalyst activity decreases, turn off the device and cool it to room temperature. Press the on / off switch 41 on the handle 40. The electromagnet 383 is energized to generate magnetic force to attract the induction block 384. The fixing block 381 compresses the spring 385 and retracts into the fixing groove 382, ​​releasing the engagement with the fixing hole 39 of the sealing groove 37. Pull the handle 40 and pull the pull rod 34 to pull the catalyst box 30 out of the extraction box 29. After replacing the catalyst in the catalyst chamber 31, reverse the operation to reset the catalyst box 30. Release the on / off switch 41, de-energize the electromagnet 383, and the fixing block 381 is locked into the fixing hole 39 under the action of the compression spring 385 to achieve sealing and fixation.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for hydrogen production by directional catalytic pyrolysis of oily sludge, comprising a pyrolysis chamber and a heat source chamber, characterized in that: The pyrolysis chamber has vertically parallel pyrolysis pipes and exhaust pipes inside. The pyrolysis pipes and exhaust pipes are connected by a catalytic pipe, which is perpendicular to both. A packing port is located at the lower end of the pyrolysis pipe. The upper part of the pyrolysis pipe is a ventilation chamber, and the lower part is a pyrolysis chamber. A first heating unit is located inside the ventilation chamber, and a gas equalization unit, a lifting unit, and a second heating unit are located inside the pyrolysis chamber. The gas equalization unit is connected to the ventilation chamber, and the lifting unit is connected to a drive unit located inside a motor compartment at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber. An extraction component is located in the middle of the catalytic pipe. One end of the catalytic pipe passes through the pyrolysis pipe and connects to the upper end of the pyrolysis chamber, while the other end passes through the exhaust pipe and connects to the exhaust channel inside the exhaust pipe.

2. The directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet pipe is provided on the upper surface of the pyrolysis pipe. The upper end of the air inlet pipe penetrates the upper surface of the pyrolysis chamber, and the lower end is connected to the interior of the ventilation chamber. A first air pump is provided at the connection between the air inlet pipe and the upper end of the pyrolysis pipe. The first heating unit includes a spirally arranged first heating tube, which is embedded in the inner wall of the ventilation chamber.

3. The directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas equalization unit includes a gas equalization ring, which is integrally formed with the upper part of the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber. A gas equalization chamber is formed inside the gas equalization ring. A vertically arranged connecting pipe is formed in the inner wall interlayer of the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber. The upper end of the connecting pipe is connected to the interior of the ventilation chamber, and the lower end is connected to the interior of the gas equalization chamber. A plurality of first jet nozzles are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner surface of the gas equalization ring. The jet ends of the first jet nozzles are inclined in the vertical direction along the axis of the gas equalization ring. A plurality of second jet nozzles are evenly arranged along the circumference of the lower surface of the gas equalization ring. The jet ends of the second jet nozzles are vertically downward. Both the first jet nozzles and the second jet nozzles are connected to the interior of the gas equalization chamber.

4. The directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting unit includes a first transmission screw and a second transmission screw arranged vertically and symmetrically. The first transmission screw and the second transmission screw are respectively located in a vertically opened placement groove on the lower inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber, and their vertical height is lower than the height of the gas equalization ring. The upper end of the first transmission screw is fixed to the upper end of the placement groove through a rotating shaft, and the lower end passes through the lower surface of the placement groove and is connected to the drive unit. A slider is threadedly connected to the surface of the first transmission screw, and a support rod is vertically fixed to one side surface of the slider. An arc-shaped clamp is fixed to one end of the support rod that passes through the placement groove. A limiting block is symmetrically provided on the side surface of the slider along the axis of the first transmission screw, and a limiting groove adapted to the limiting block is opened on the inner wall of the placement groove. The second transmission screw has the same structure as the first transmission screw, and the arc-shaped clamp on the surface of the second transmission screw corresponds to the arc-shaped clamp on the surface of the first transmission screw.

5. The directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second heating unit includes several heating wires arranged vertically and evenly in a circular pattern on the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber.

6. The directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive unit includes a first motor and a second motor disposed inside the motor compartment; the output end of the first motor passes through the lower surface of the pyrolysis pipe and is connected to the lower end of the first transmission screw, and the output end of the second motor passes through the lower surface of the pyrolysis pipe and is connected to the lower end of the second transmission screw; sealed bearings are provided at the connection points between the output ends of the first motor and the output ends of the second motor and the lower surface of the pyrolysis pipe; and elongated heat dissipation holes are uniformly opened on the outer surface of the motor compartment.

7. The directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction assembly includes an extraction box, inside which is a catalyst box. A circular catalyst chamber is formed at the center of the catalyst box. The two sides of the catalyst chamber are sealed to the catalyst pipes penetrating the two sides of the extraction box by sealing rings. A connecting plate is provided on the side of the catalyst box away from the extraction box. The connecting plate is located inside the connection port on the surface of the pyrolysis chamber. The connecting plate corresponds to the opening of the extraction box. The four corners of the connecting plate near the extraction box are fixedly connected to one end of a pull rod. The other end of the pull rod is located in the limiting holes formed at the four corners of the opening of the extraction box. A rectangular sealing plate is provided on the side of the connecting plate near the extraction box. A sealing groove adapted to the sealing plate is formed on the opening of the extraction box.

8. The directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing plate includes a first sealing plate arranged symmetrically in parallel vertically and a second sealing plate arranged symmetrically in parallel horizontally. The upper and lower surfaces of the second sealing plate are each provided with a fixing component. Each fixing component includes a fixing block, which is disposed within a vertically formed fixing groove on the upper surface of the second sealing plate. An electromagnet is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the fixing groove, and a sensing block is mounted on the lower surface of the fixing block. One end of a compression spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fixing block, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fixing groove. Fixing holes adapted to the fixing block are formed on the upper and lower surfaces inside the sealing groove. A handle is provided on the side of the connecting plate away from the extraction box, and an on / off switch is provided on the upper surface of the handle. The electromagnet is electrically connected to the on / off switch.

9. The directional catalytic pyrolysis hydrogen production device for oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust pipe is provided on the upper surface of the exhaust pipe. The upper end of the exhaust pipe penetrates the upper surface of the pyrolysis chamber, and the lower end is connected to the exhaust channel inside the exhaust pipe.

10. A hydrogen production device for directional catalytic pyrolysis of oily sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control panel is provided on one side surface of the pyrolysis chamber, and the control panel is electrically connected to the temperature sensor inside the ventilation chamber, the temperature sensor inside the pyrolysis chamber, the drive unit, and the first air pump.

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