Inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamline baffle and dust removal method

Abstract

The inertial dust removal device comprises an inertial separation chamber, an air inlet chamber and an air outlet chamber are arranged on the two opposite sides of the upper end of the inertial separation chamber respectively, an evaporative cooling flue is connected to the upper portion of the air inlet chamber, and a dust collecting hopper is arranged at the bottom of the inertial separation chamber. The invention further discloses an inertial dust removal method with the multi-stage dynamic streamline baffle. The problem that an existing dust removal device is low in dust removal efficiency is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flue gas treatment technology in the dry production process of converters, and relates to an inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles. This invention also relates to an inertial dust removal method with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles. Background Technology

[0002] During converter steelmaking, a large amount of high-temperature converter gas (approximately 1500°C) is generated through oxygen blowing for decarburization of molten iron. This gas cools to approximately 650°C-850°C after entering the gasification cooling flue from the converter, carrying a large amount of metal oxide particles. Converter gas is an important secondary energy source for steel enterprises, and its recovery has always been a core process in the steel industry, yet it remains a weak link in recycling. Efficiently recovering the sensible heat and particulate matter resources from this flue gas is crucial for energy conservation and emission reduction in the steel industry, a core element in achieving energy conservation and emission reduction in the steel sector, and a key aspect of comprehensive resource utilization.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for cooling converter gas in China are wet (OG) and dry (LT) methods. The wet method involves treating the flue gas with atomized water to remove dust from the gas stream. The wastewater containing dust is then separated, concentrated, and dehydrated, and the purified gas is recycled. However, this method of using water phase change to reduce flue gas heat wastes a significant amount of sensible heat and increases water consumption. The dry method involves sending high-temperature, dust-laden gas into an evaporative cooler for cooling and coarse dust removal. Subsequently, gravity settling, centrifugal force, and inertial force are used to separate dust particles from the flue gas. The purified dust can be used directly after cooling. While this method achieves low system resistance and avoids water pollution, some sensible heat may be carried away as latent heat of vaporization. Furthermore, improper control of the atomized water can lead to wear, scaling / clogging, and droplet entrainment, affecting the operational stability of subsequent fine dust removal equipment (such as electrostatic precipitators and bag filters).

[0004] The inertial separators used in existing converter dry dust removal systems generally have low initial dust removal performance for primary flue gas, with an overall separation efficiency of about 30%. In particular, the separation efficiency for small particles is low; for example, the separation efficiency for 25 μm particles is generally less than 10%. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the internal configuration of the separator to improve its dust removal performance, ultimately reducing the operating cost of the converter process and fully realizing the effects of energy conservation, emission reduction, and comprehensive resource utilization in the steel industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles, which solves the problem of low dust removal efficiency in existing dust removal devices.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an inertial dust removal method with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles.

[0007] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is an inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles, including an inertial separation chamber. An air inlet chamber and an air outlet chamber are respectively provided on opposite sides of the upper end of the inertial separation chamber. A vaporization cooling flue is connected above the air inlet chamber, and an ash collection hopper is provided at the bottom of the inertial separation chamber.

[0008] The first technical solution of this invention is further characterized by:

[0009] An opening and closing mechanism is provided between the inertial separation chamber and the ash collection hopper.

[0010] The inertial separation chamber is equipped with a guide plate, and a herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle is provided on one side of the guide plate and below the guide plate.

[0011] The inertial separation chamber is equipped with multi-stage streamlined baffles, which are located on the other side of the guide plate.

[0012] The surface of the herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle has a grooved structure.

[0013] The inner wall of the inertial separation chamber is a dust collection wall, and a dust collection channel is provided on the inner side of the dust collection wall.

[0014] The upper half of the deflector has a smooth surface, while the lower half has a porous array.

[0015] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is an inertial dust removal method with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles, which includes the following process: flue gas enters the inlet chamber after being initially cooled by the vaporization cooling flue from the primary flue gas outlet of the converter. The flue gas flow is separated by colliding with the herringbone inertial separation baffle in the inertial separation chamber. The particles passing through the herringbone inertial separation baffle fall into the ash collection hopper. The particles separated from the dust collection wall flow into the ash collection hopper through the dust collection channel. The purified flue gas is discharged from the outlet chamber.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, through the combined use of herringbone baffles, streamlined baffles, and multi-stage microporous array guide plates, efficient separation of particulate matter of different particle sizes can be achieved. Combined with a separator cooling device, high-temperature sparks inside the flue gas are eliminated, thus eliminating safety hazards within the separator. In other words, the separation of particulate matter of different particle sizes is achieved through the integration of intelligent control, the application of new materials, and efficient separation technology. This provides a guarantee for subsequent waste heat recovery and resource recycling, promotes the transformation of the steel industry towards a green, low-carbon, high-efficiency, and energy-saving model, and aligns with the national strategic emerging industry development plan. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the separation efficiency of the inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles of the present invention under different working conditions and for different particle size ranges. Figure 3 The present invention relates to an inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles, which has a total particle size separation efficiency. Figures 4(a) to 4(d) are schematic diagrams of various working conditions in the inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles of the present invention; Figures 5(a) to 5(d) are velocity streamline diagrams for various operating conditions in the inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles of the present invention; Figures 6(a) to 6(d) are turbulent kinetic energy cloud diagrams of various working conditions in the inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing mechanism of the inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles according to the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram, 1. Converter primary flue gas outlet, 2. Vaporization cooling flue, 3. Inlet chamber, 4. Herringbone inertial separation baffle, 5. Dust collection wall, 6. Inertial separation chamber, 7. Guide plate, 8. Ash hopper, 9. Streamlined baffle, 10. Outlet chamber, 11. Dust collection channel, 12. Opening and closing mechanism, 13. Opening and closing controller, 14. Drive linkage, 15. Gearbox, 16. Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0021] Example 1 This invention relates to an inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles, installed at the furnace mouth of a converter, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a vaporization cooling flue 2, an inlet chamber 3, an inertial separation chamber 6, a herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle 4, a streamlined baffle 9, a guide plate 7, an outlet chamber 10, a dust collection wall 5, and an ash collection hopper 8. The vaporization cooling flue 2 is connected to the converter's primary flue gas outlet and the inlet chamber 3; the inertial separation chamber 6 is internally arranged with a herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle 4, a streamlined baffle 9, and a guide plate 7.

[0022] Example 2 The upper end of the inertial separation chamber 6 is provided with an air inlet chamber 3 and an air outlet chamber 10 on opposite sides. The air inlet chamber 3 is connected to the vaporization cooling flue 2 above it, and the bottom of the inertial separation chamber 6 is provided with an ash collection hopper 8.

[0023] Inside the inertial separation chamber 6, there is a guide plate 7 on the upper side, and there are herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffles 4 on the left side and below the guide plate 7.

[0024] The upper half of the guide plate 7 has a smooth surface, and the lower half of the guide plate 7 is provided with a porous array.

[0025] The inertial separation chamber 6 is equipped with multi-stage streamlined baffles 9, which are located on the right side of the guide plate 7.

[0026] Example 3 The vaporization cooling flue 2 carries the primary converter flue gas transported from the primary converter flue gas outlet 1. The flue gas temperature is about 900~1000℃. After being recovered by the high-temperature section radiant waste heat boiler, the flue gas temperature is 660~700℃. Then it is introduced into the separator inlet chamber 3.

[0027] Example 4 The intake chamber 3 is a cylindrical structure. The upper end of the intake chamber 3 is connected to the primary vaporization cooling flue duct 2 of the converter, and the lower end leads into the inertial separation chamber 6. The flue gas is separated and waste heat is recovered through a high-temperature flue gas inertial separator, thereby recovering waste metal resources and heat energy in the flue gas, achieving the purpose of energy conservation, emission reduction and resource utilization, while avoiding high-energy sparks from entering subsequent equipment and causing unnecessary safety hazards.

[0028] The exhaust chamber 10 is a cylindrical structure and is connected to the subsequent converter process equipment.

[0029] The inertial separation chamber 6 has a truncated pyramidal structure, which can achieve uniform airflow distribution and avoid airflow vortices and dead zones inside the separator that affect separation efficiency. The inertial separation chamber 6 is equipped with a herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle 4, a multi-stage streamlined baffle 9, and a layer of guide plate 7.

[0030] Example 5 The inertial separation baffle consists of a herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle 4 and a streamlined baffle 9. The herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle 4 has a semi-elliptical micro-groove structure on its surface. After colliding with the herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle 4, the high-temperature flue gas is diverted. The flue gas on the left collides with the dust collection wall 5, guiding particulate matter separation. The flue gas on the right flows downwards along the guide plate 7, guiding it to collide with the streamlined baffle. The herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle 4 below the guide plate 7 adjusts its orientation according to the flue gas flow direction, ensuring full contact and collision with the flue gas. The micro-groove structure on the surface of the herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle 4 is based on the theory of miniature air bearings. When the flue gas flows through the micro-grooves, some fluid is retained at the bottom of the grooves, forming a lubricating layer, effectively reducing the flow resistance of the flue gas on the baffle surface. Furthermore, the micro-groove structure makes the flue gas flow more stable, avoiding complex flow patterns such as vortices caused by unstable flow, effectively reducing wear on the baffle structure caused by high-speed particle collisions. In addition, the herringbone inertial separation baffle 4 is equipped with a servo motor, which can adjust the opening degree of the herringbone shape according to the real-time flue gas flow and concentration changes obtained by the dust concentration analyzer, adjust the collision probability, and control the initial separation effect of coarse particles.

[0031] Example 6 The streamlined baffle 9 is located to the right of the guide plate 7, and consists of multiple layers of streamlined baffles with different angles of attack. Based on boundary layer theory, it utilizes the velocity gradient difference between the upper and lower sides generated by the streamlined structure to achieve the separation of fine particulate matter. Furthermore, the illustration shows only one arrangement of the streamlined baffle 9. The baffle integrates a servo motor and a pressure sensor, which can automatically adjust the angle of attack according to the flue gas flow rate and dust concentration. At high flow rates, the angle of attack is reduced to decrease drag, while at high concentrations, the angle of attack is increased to enhance the separation effect.

[0032] The guide plate 7 is made of high-temperature wear-resistant ceramic material and is divided into upper and lower sides. The upper guide plate has a smooth surface and is used to guide the flow of flue gas. The lower guide plate has a porous array with a pore size of 10-50 mm. When the flue gas flows through the porous guide plate after colliding with the herringbone inertial separation baffle 4, some of the flue gas generates local eddies inside the pores, which causes small particles to collide and agglomerate into larger particles, facilitating separation by the subsequent streamlined baffle 9.

[0033] Dust collection walls 5 are located on both sides of the inertial separation chamber 6 at an angle. The left dust collection wall 5 is used to separate flue gas particles from the inlet chamber side, while the right dust collection wall 5 is used to further separate particles of secondary dust generated in the ash hopper due to high-speed flue gas. Both dust collection walls are connected to the dust collection channel. After separation, the dust flows into the channel and eventually into the ash hopper. The dust collection channel is equipped with an opening and closing mechanism to control the frequency of dust entering the channel in real time.

[0034] The inclined walls on both sides of the inertial separation chamber 6 are equipped with porous structures and dust collection channels 11. Herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffles 4 and streamlined baffles 9 are used to adjust the frequency of contact and collision with the dust collection walls 5. The dust collection channels 11 are connected to the two side walls of the dust collection hopper 8. Dust flows through the porous structures into the dust collection channels and finally into the dust collection hopper. The walls of the separation chamber are all made of high-temperature wear-resistant ceramic coating material, ensuring long-term efficient operation of the system.

[0035] The dust collection hopper 8 has a truncated pyramidal structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. This structure can effectively prevent secondary dust from causing particles to escape.

[0036] After receiving the information, the opening and closing mechanism 12 drives the motor 16 to increase the torque through the gearbox 15 and then transmits the power to the gate built into the opening and closing controller 13 through the drive linkage 14, thereby realizing the opening and closing action, ensuring continuous ash discharge when particulate matter accumulates to a certain extent, working in conjunction with the dust collection wall 5 and the dust collection hopper 8 to suppress secondary dust inside the separator and ensure the efficient and stable operation of the dust removal system.

[0037] An inertial dust removal method with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles includes the following steps: High-temperature flue gas (900-1000℃) enters the inlet chamber 3 after initial cooling (600-700℃) at the primary flue gas outlet 1 of the converter via the vaporization cooling flue 2. The flue gas then flows through the inertial separation chamber 6 and collides with the herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle 4 with a microgrooved structure, achieving flue gas diversion. The left-side airflow collides with the dust collection wall 5 and utilizes the porous dust collection channel 11 to achieve coarse particle separation (>50 μm). The right-side airflow, after passing through the micropores in the guide plate 7 to promote particle agglomeration, flows through the streamlined baffle 9 to achieve fine particle separation (≤50 μm). Particles separated by the inertial separation baffle fall into the ash collection hopper 8 due to inertia and gravity settling. Particles separated by the dust collection wall flow into the ash collection hopper 8 via the dust collection channel 11. The purified flue gas is discharged from the outlet chamber 10, providing clean flue gas for subsequent waste heat recovery and resource recycling, thus contributing to the development of energy-saving and environmental protection industries and resource recycling industries.

[0038] To fully verify the reliability of this invention in practical applications, numerical simulation software was used to perform numerical simulation analysis on the configurations before and after modification. The pre-modification condition is defined as the original condition without guide baffles, while the post-modification condition involves different streamlined baffle arrangements. Three baffle arrangement scenarios were set up, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0039] The particle size distribution results for each particle size range (10-80 μm) and the total particle size before and after the modification were summarized to obtain... Figures 2-3 Data. Among them Figure 2 This study compares the separation efficiency of the original operating condition and three optimized operating conditions in the 10-80 μm particle size range. Optimized operating condition 1 adds several herringbone-shaped baffles to the left side of the guide vane and several streamlined baffles with a certain angle of attack to the right side of the guide vane, based on the original condition. Optimized operating condition 2 maintains the herringbone baffles on the left side of the guide vane unchanged, but concentrates the streamlined baffles on the right side in the lower middle section. Optimized operating condition 3 further concentrates the streamlined baffles on the right side, and increases the contact area between the curved portion of the lowest streamlined baffle and the incoming flow, improving the lower flow field and particle settling conditions. The results show that the separation efficiency of all three optimized operating conditions is better than that of the original condition, especially for the medium particle size range, where the improvement is most significant. Operating condition 3 has the highest separation efficiency for all particle size ranges, demonstrating the optimization effect of different herringbone baffle arrangements and the adjustment of the angle of attack of the streamlined baffles. Furthermore, Figure 3 The total separation efficiency was compared between the original operating condition and the three optimized operating conditions. The experimental results show that the effectiveness of the device structure optimization was verified by all three optimized operating conditions.

[0040] The schematic diagrams of the device before and after the modification are summarized, resulting in Figures 4(a)-4(d). Figures 4(a)-4(d) respectively show the internal structure of the device under the original operating condition and three optimized operating conditions, intuitively presenting the differences in the arrangement and flow channel morphology of the "V"-shaped inertial separation baffle, guide plate, and streamlined baffle. Among them, Figure 4(a) shows the baseline configuration without the internal baffle components for optimization, serving as the reference for the subsequent three optimized operating conditions; Figures 4(b), (c), and (d) all introduce two types of baffles to enhance the separation effect on the basis of the original operating condition: the V-shaped baffle and the streamlined baffle. These three optimized operating conditions improve the flow channel morphology and flue gas separation path and increase the separation efficiency by adjusting the arrangement position and angle of these two types of baffles.

[0041] The internal flow field results of the device before and after the modification were summarized and compared, resulting in Figures 5(a)-5(d). Figures 5(a)-5(d) show the comparison results of the velocity traces and velocity cloud maps inside the separator under the original operating condition and the three optimized operating conditions, demonstrating the differences in airflow under the same cross-section for the four operating conditions. It can be intuitively seen that, compared with the original operating condition, the three optimized operating conditions optimize and improve the collision probability between particles and baffles by adjusting the angle of attack of the streamlined baffle and the opening of the herringbone baffle, while optimizing the flow path of flue gas inside the separator to reduce flow dead zones and reduce the formation of local vortices at the ash hopper, thereby reducing particle back-mixing caused by secondary dust. As can be seen from the velocity trace cloud map, the flow field stability of operating condition 3 is the best, which can maximize the use of inertial collision mechanism and gravity settling principle to improve particle separation efficiency. Figures 6(a)-(d) reflect the turbulent kinetic energy distribution cloud maps under the same cross-section inside the separator, characterizing the intensity of internal airflow disturbance, and are used to reflect the turbulence intensity and energy dissipation location of the flow field. Greater turbulence intensity leads to the generation of vortices, resulting in reduced separation efficiency. Compared to the original operating condition, the optimized three operating conditions enhance turbulent disturbance in the baffle region, increase the probability of particle collision, and reduce the consumption of ineffective turbulent regions. High-turbulence regions are no longer randomly distributed but concentrated on the windward side of the baffle and the area between the baffles, which is beneficial for inducing inertial collisions between flue gas and the baffles. In operating condition 3, the turbulent kinetic energy in the main flue gas channel is uniform, avoiding strong airflow backflow and effectively ensuring the high-performance operation of the separator. Therefore, it is believed that this invention, by optimizing and adjusting the working position and angle of attack of the streamlined baffle, has a significant effect on particles larger than 20 μm. In summary, operating condition 3 has the highest separation efficiency, but the large vortex generated on the right side of the guide plate is the main factor affecting the further improvement of the separation efficiency in operating condition 3.

[0042] This invention further improves the separation efficiency of inertial separators by employing a fully dry converter process and inventing an inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles. It replaces the coarse dust removal and cooling functions of the evaporative cooler commonly used in traditional dry processes, directly connecting the primary dust removal system to the vaporization cooling flue. This system fundamentally eliminates the sensible heat waste caused by water and achieves the goal of high efficiency and low resistance in high-temperature dust separators, helping the steel industry achieve its dual-carbon targets.

[0043] This invention aims to achieve highly efficient dust removal by combining herringbone and streamlined baffles through a unique internal structure design and working principle. Compared with existing inertial separators, the separation efficiency is effectively improved by approximately 20%, with a maximum improvement of 23.5% for 25 μm particles. This device can effectively separate particulate matter from flue gas under high-temperature conditions, while simultaneously improving the safety and environmental friendliness of converter production.

Claims

1. An inertial dust collector with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles, characterized in that: It includes an inertial separation chamber (6), with an air inlet chamber (3) and an air outlet chamber (10) respectively on opposite sides of the upper end of the inertial separation chamber (6). The upper part of the air inlet chamber (3) is connected to the vaporization cooling flue (2), and the bottom of the inertial separation chamber (6) is provided with an ash collection hopper (8).

2. The inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles according to claim 1, characterized in that: An opening and closing mechanism (12) is provided between the inertial separation chamber (6) and the ash collection hopper (8).

3. The inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inertial separation chamber (6) is equipped with a guide plate (7), and a herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle (4) is provided on one side and below the guide plate (7).

4. The inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inertial separation chamber (6) is equipped with multi-stage streamlined baffles (9), which are located on the other side of the guide plate (7).

5. The inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the herringbone-shaped inertial separation baffle (4) is provided with a groove structure.

6. The inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the inertial separation chamber (6) is a dust collection wall (5), and a dust collection channel (11) is provided on the inner side of the dust collection wall (5).

7. The inertial dust removal device with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper half of the guide plate (7) has a smooth surface, and the lower half of the guide plate (7) is provided with a porous array.

8. An inertial dust removal method with multi-stage dynamic streamlined baffles, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: flue gas enters the inlet chamber (3) after being initially cooled by the vaporization cooling flue (2) from the primary flue gas outlet (1) of the converter. The flue gas flows through the inertial separation chamber (6) and collides with the herringbone inertial separation baffle (4) to achieve flue gas diversion. The particles passing through the herringbone inertial separation baffle (4) fall into the ash collection hopper (8). The particles separated by the dust collection wall (5) flow into the ash collection hopper (8) through the dust collection channel (11). The purified flue gas is discharged from the outlet chamber (10).

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