Metal heat treatment processing device and processing technology

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of metal processing devices, and particularly discloses a metal heat treatment processing device and a processing technology, which comprise a machine box and a heating coil, the heating coil is arranged on the machine box, a control unit is arranged on the machine box, a lifting seat is arranged on one side of the machine box, the lifting seat moves along the height direction of the machine box, four clamping plates are slidably arranged on one side of the lifting seat, the clamping plates are in the shape of outwardly convex arcs, a roller is arranged on the inner wall of the top end of each clamping plate, and a driving structure is arranged below the lifting seat; the metal heat treatment processing device and the processing technology can realize integrated heat treatment of annular workpieces and shaft workpieces through the synchronously adjustable arc-shaped clamping plates, the positioning structure with the rollers and the telescopic clamping jaw assembly, special equipment does not need to be separately purchased for different types of workpieces, the equipment purchase and site occupation costs of production enterprises are greatly reduced, and the flexible production mode of multiple varieties and small batches is perfectly adapted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal processing equipment technology, specifically to a metal heat treatment processing equipment and processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Metal heat treatment is a core processing step that alters the internal structure of metallic materials through heating, holding, and cooling, thereby improving their mechanical properties such as strength, hardness, and wear resistance. It directly determines the reliability and service life of the final product. Metal heat treatment equipment comes in various types, among which induction high-frequency quenching furnaces are one. Based on the principles of electromagnetic induction and the skin effect, induction high-frequency quenching furnaces use a high-frequency alternating magnetic field to excite eddy currents within the workpiece, achieving rapid surface quenching. Due to its advantages such as high heating efficiency, uniform hardened layer, and minimal workpiece deformation, it has been widely used in the heat treatment processes of shafts, gears, and other workpieces in the machinery manufacturing industry.

[0003] The structural design of high-frequency quenching furnaces is highly targeted. Quenching equipment for shaft-type workpieces mostly adopts a center positioning clamping mechanism, which achieves the heating function by the coaxial rotation of the coil and the workpiece. However, when quenching some ring-shaped workpieces, it is necessary to configure a ring multi-turn coil and an end face positioning structure. The coil shape, clamping method and magnetic field distribution design of the two are independent of each other, which means that a single piece of equipment can only adapt to the heat treatment needs of a single type of workpiece. This single adaptability design requires manufacturing enterprises to purchase special equipment for different types of workpieces, which increases the equipment investment cost in order to adapt to the flexible production mode of multiple varieties and small batches.

[0004] Therefore, a metal heat treatment processing device is designed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a metal heat treatment processing device and process, aiming to solve the technical problem that induction high-frequency quenching furnaces, due to their overly targeted structural design, can only be adapted to a single type of workpiece.

[0006] A metal heat treatment processing apparatus of the present invention includes a chassis and a heating coil, the heating coil being disposed on the chassis, and further includes:

[0007] The control unit is mounted on the chassis.

[0008] The lifting seat is located on one side of the chassis. The lifting seat moves along the height of the chassis. Four clamping plates are slidably installed on one side of the lifting seat. The clamping plates are convex arc-shaped, and rollers are installed on the inner wall of the top of each clamping plate.

[0009] The drive structure is located below the lifting seat and is connected to the four clamping plates. The drive structure is used to drive the four clamping plates to move synchronously.

[0010] A movable frame is set on one side of the chassis and above the heating coil. A mounting rod is fixedly installed on the movable frame. A distance monitoring unit is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting rod. The distance monitoring unit is electrically connected to the control unit. A mounting base is fixedly connected to one side of the movable frame. A support sleeve is rotatably connected to one side of the mounting base. Multiple grippers are rotatably set on the outer surface of the support sleeve.

[0011] The gripper adjustment assembly is mounted on the support sleeve and connected to the gripper. The gripper adjustment assembly is used to enable multiple grippers to work synchronously.

[0012] A sleeve drive assembly is mounted on the mounting base and is used to drive the support sleeve to rotate.

[0013] Preferably, a linear module is fixedly installed on one side of the chassis. The length direction of the linear module is parallel to the height direction of the chassis. A movable frame is connected to the slide of the linear module. The bottom end of the movable frame is connected to the lifting seat. A telescopic component is fixedly installed at the top of the movable frame. The output end of the telescopic component is connected to the movable frame. The telescopic component is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0014] Preferably, the drive structure includes a support platform, telescopic rods, limiting retaining rings, and a telescopic rod moving structure. The support platform is located below the lifting seat. Four guide slots are provided on one side of the support platform. There are four telescopic rods, which are slidably disposed inside the guide slots. The output ends of the telescopic rods are connected to the clamping plates. The guide slots and clamping plates correspond one-to-one with the telescopic rods. Four guide slots are provided on one side of the lifting seat. The output ends of the telescopic rods pass through the inside of the guide slots. The telescopic rods correspond one-to-one with the guide slots. The guide slots and guide slots together restrict the movement direction of the telescopic rods, preventing radial sway and ensuring precise movement of the clamping plates. Two limiting retaining rings are connected to the output ends of each telescopic rod. The telescopic rod moving structure is located below the support platform and is used to move all four telescopic rods simultaneously. The limiting retaining rings enable the telescopic rods to move in conjunction with the lifting seat, allowing the clamping plates to move synchronously with the lifting seat and always remain in the designated working position, ensuring the stability of the workpiece fixation.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic rod moving structure includes a drive component, a rotating shaft, and a turntable. The drive component is located below the support platform. The rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the drive component, and the turntable is connected to the end of the rotating shaft. Four arc-shaped adjustment slots are provided on one side of the turntable. One end of the arc-shaped adjustment slot is located at the edge of the turntable, and the other end is located at the center of the turntable. The bottom end of the telescopic rod is located inside the arc-shaped adjustment slot and is slidably connected to the arc-shaped adjustment slot. The drive component drives the turntable to rotate through the rotating shaft. The arc-shaped adjustment slots can convert the rotational motion into the linear motion of the telescopic rod, so that the four clamping plates move synchronously closer to or further away from the center. The structure is simple and the transmission is stable, which can quickly complete the workpiece clamping or loosening operation.

[0016] Preferably, the gripper adjustment assembly includes a movable sleeve, a movable rod, a connecting ring, a movable ring, a connecting component, and a second telescopic component. The movable sleeve is located inside the supporting sleeve and is coaxially arranged with the supporting sleeve. The distance monitoring unit is located inside the movable sleeve, and the maximum length of the distance monitoring unit is less than the inner diameter of the movable sleeve. There are four movable rods, which are installed on the outer surface of the bottom end of the movable sleeve. The end of the movable rod away from the movable sleeve is rotatably connected to the gripper. Each movable rod corresponds to one gripper. The connecting ring is installed on the outer surface of the top end of the movable sleeve, and the movable ring is located above the connecting ring. The connecting component is located between the movable ring and the connecting ring. The connecting component is used to ensure that the connecting ring can rotate smoothly while the movable ring drives the connecting ring to move. The second telescopic component is installed on the movable frame. The output end of the second telescopic component is connected to the movable ring. The second telescopic component is electrically connected to the control unit. The second telescopic component drives the movable ring to move linearly, and drives the movable sleeve to move up and down through the connecting component. In turn, the movable rod controls the gripper to contract or open, thereby clamping or releasing the upper end of the workpiece. The electrical connection of the control unit ensures that the gripper action is accurate and adaptable to workpieces of different sizes.

[0017] Preferably, the sleeve drive assembly includes a second drive component, a first gear, and a second gear. The second drive component is mounted on the mounting base. The first gear is connected to the output end of the second drive component. The second gear meshes with the first gear and is mounted on the outer surface of the support sleeve. The second drive component drives the support sleeve to rotate through gear meshing, thereby causing the gripper to rotate the workpiece so that the workpiece is heated evenly. The rotation speed can be adjusted by the control unit to adapt to the rotation heating requirements of different workpieces.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes an annular connecting groove and supporting connecting rods. The annular connecting groove is located on one side of the moving ring, and there are multiple supporting connecting rods. The ends of the multiple supporting connecting rods are all connected to the connecting ring. The cross-sectional shape of both the supporting connecting rods and the annular connecting groove is T-shaped. The supporting connecting rods are located inside the annular connecting groove and are slidably connected to the annular connecting groove. The T-shaped structure ensures that the supporting connecting rods slide stably within the annular connecting groove, which not only enables the moving ring to drive the connecting ring to move synchronously, but also does not affect the rotation of the connecting ring with the supporting sleeve, avoiding motion interference and ensuring smooth coordination between the rotation of the gripper and the clamping action.

[0019] Preferably, a guide rail is fixedly installed on the side of the mobile frame away from the slide table. The length of the guide rail is parallel to the height of the mobile frame. A slide block is slidably installed on the guide rail. The slide block is connected to the mounting base. The guide rail and the slide block cooperate to provide guidance and support for the up and down movement of the mounting base, enhance the stability of the mounting base during movement, avoid shaking, and ensure the accuracy of the gripper positioning the workpiece.

[0020] A metal heat treatment process includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. Select the feeding method according to the type of workpiece. Place the ring-shaped workpiece in the center of the heating coil, or place the shaft-type workpiece vertically between the clamping plate and the jaws to keep the workpiece and the heating coil coaxial.

[0022] S2. The control unit starts the drive component one, which drives the rotating shaft and turntable to rotate, so that the telescopic rod and clamping plate move synchronously. For ring-shaped workpieces, the control unit controls the outer convex surface of the clamping plate to fit tightly with the inner wall of the workpiece to achieve rigid support. For shaft-type workpieces, the bottom end of the workpiece is clamped by the rollers on the clamping plate. The distance monitoring unit detects the height of the end of the workpiece and feeds it back to the control unit to determine the downward movement distance of the telescopic component one.

[0023] S3. The rotation angle is collected by the absolute encoder on the rotating shaft to calculate the inner diameter of the ring-shaped workpiece or the diameter of the shaft-type workpiece.

[0024] S4. Control the telescopic component one to move the moving frame and mounting base downwards so that the gripper reaches the top of the workpiece. Then control the telescopic component two to drive the gripper to retract and clamp the upper end of the workpiece.

[0025] S5. The control unit automatically adjusts the output power and working time of the heating coil according to the detected workpiece size information. For ring-shaped workpieces, the heating coil is directly started for heating. For shaft-type workpieces, the second drive component is started, and the support sleeve and clamping jaws are rotated through the transmission of gear one and gear two. The workpiece rotates synchronously with the assistance of rollers. At the same time, the linear module drives the moving frame to move downward, which moves the workpiece along the axial direction of the heating coil to achieve uniform heating.

[0026] S6. After the workpiece reaches the working time, the control unit shuts off the heating coil and stops the operation of the second drive unit and the linear module.

[0027] S7. The control unit controls the first drive component to reverse so that the clamping plate opens, and controls the second telescopic component to extend so that the jaws release, remove the workpiece, and complete the heat treatment process.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] 1. Through the synchronously adjustable arc-shaped clamping plate, the positioning structure with rollers and the retractable gripper assembly, the integrated heat treatment of ring-shaped workpieces and shaft-shaped workpieces can be realized. There is no need to purchase special equipment separately for different types of workpieces, which greatly reduces the equipment purchase and site occupation costs of production enterprises and perfectly adapts to the flexible production mode of multiple varieties and small batches.

[0030] 2. By linking the control unit with drive component one, drive component two, telescopic component one, telescopic component two, monitoring unit and other components, the entire process of workpiece positioning, size detection, clamping adjustment and heating parameter adaptation is fully automated. There is no need for repeated manual debugging, which shortens the changeover time, reduces the difficulty and error rate of manual operation, improves production efficiency, and greatly avoids problems that affect workpiece quality due to overheating or insufficient heating.

[0031] 3. When machining shaft-type workpieces, the workpiece surface is uniformly heated by the coordinated clamping of the clamping plate rollers and jaws, the rotational motion driven by the sleeve drive assembly, and the axial movement driven by the linear module. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second perspective structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the linear module and its connecting components of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting base and its connecting components of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the middle support sleeve and its connecting components.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gripper and its connecting components of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the moving ring structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting seat and its connecting components of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the support platform of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turntable of the present invention.

[0043] Figure label:

[0044] 10. Chassis; 11. Control Unit; 12. Heating Coil; 13. Linear Module; 20. Moving Frame; 21. Lifting Seat; 211. Guide Groove II; 22. Clamping Plate; 221. Roller; 23. Guide Rail; 24. Slide; 30. Telescopic Component I; 31. Moving Frame; 32. Mounting Rod; 33. Distance Monitoring Unit; 34. Mounting Seat; 35. Support Sleeve; 36. Gripper; 37. Moving Sleeve; 38. Movable Rod; 39. Connecting Ring; 310. Moving Ring; 3101. Annular Connecting Groove; 311. Telescopic Component II; 312. Support Connecting Rod; 40. Support Platform; 401. Guide Groove I; 41. Telescopic Rod; 43. Drive Component I; 44. Rotating Shaft; 45. Turntable; 451. Arc-Shaped Adjustment Groove; 50. Drive Component II; 51. Gear I; 52. Gear II. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, a metal heat treatment processing apparatus of the present invention includes a housing 10, a control unit 11 disposed on the housing 10, a heating coil 12 disposed on one side of the housing 10, a linear module 13 fixedly mounted on one side of the housing 10, the length direction of the linear module 13 being parallel to the height direction of the housing 10, a slide table disposed on the linear module 13, the slide table moving along the length direction of the linear module 13, a movable frame 20 mounted on one side of the slide table, a lifting seat 21 connected to the bottom end of the movable frame 20, four clamping plates 22 slidably disposed on one side of the lifting seat 21, the clamping plates 22 being convex arc-shaped, a roller 221 mounted on the inner wall of the top of each clamping plate 22, the rotation direction of the roller 221 being perpendicular to the height direction of the heating coil 12, the clamping plates 22 being located inside the heating coil 12, the four clamping plates 22 being arranged in a circumferential array about the center of the heating coil 12, a driving structure disposed below the lifting seat 21, the driving structure being connected to the four clamping plates 22, the driving structure being used for The four clamping plates 22 are moved synchronously to move the clamping plates 22 away from or closer to the center position of the heating coil 12. The top of the moving frame 20 is fixedly installed with a telescopic component 30, which is electrically connected to the control unit 11. The output end of the telescopic component 30 is fixedly installed with a moving frame 31. The moving frame 31 is fixedly installed with a mounting rod 32. The bottom end of the mounting rod 32 is fixedly installed with a distance monitoring unit 33, which is electrically connected to the control unit 11. A mounting base 34 is fixedly connected to one side of the moving frame 31. A support sleeve 35 is rotatably connected to one side of the mounting base 34. Multiple grippers 36 are rotatably arranged on the outer surface of the support sleeve 35. A gripper adjustment assembly is arranged between the support sleeve 35 and the grippers 36. The gripper adjustment assembly is used to make the multiple grippers 36 work synchronously to grip or release the workpiece. A sleeve drive assembly is arranged on the mounting base 34. The sleeve drive assembly is used to drive the support sleeve 35 to rotate, so that the multiple grippers 36 drive the workpiece to rotate.

[0047] When heat treating a ring-shaped workpiece, the ring-shaped workpiece is placed in the middle of the heating coil 12. Then, the four clamping plates 22 are moved synchronously by the driving structure, and the outer surface of the clamping plates 22 is made to fit tightly against the inner wall of the ring-shaped workpiece, thereby supporting and fixing the ring-shaped workpiece. Then, the ring-shaped workpiece can be heated by the heating coil 12.

[0048] When heat-treating shaft-type workpieces, the workpieces are first placed vertically between clamping plates 22 and jaws 36. Then, the four clamping plates 22 are moved synchronously by the drive structure, and the rollers 221 are tightly fitted to the outer surface of the shaft-type workpiece, clamping and fixing the bottom end of the workpiece. At this time, the position of the shaft-type workpiece corresponds to that of the distance monitoring unit 33. The distance monitoring unit 33 will monitor the height of the shaft-type workpiece end and transmit the height information to the control unit 11. The control unit 11 will control the telescopic component 30 to drive the moving frame 31 and the mounting base 34 downward. The clamping jaws 36 are moved a specific distance to the top position of the shaft workpiece. Then, the clamping jaws 36 are simultaneously clamped by the clamping jaw adjustment assembly, thus clamping and fixing the shaft workpiece as a whole. Then, the support sleeve 35 is driven by the sleeve drive assembly to rotate the clamping jaws 36. At this time, the shaft workpiece rotates with the rotation of the clamping jaws 36 under the action of the roller 221. Then, the moving frame 20 is moved downward by the linear module 13. At this time, the shaft workpiece moves downward accordingly. The shaft workpiece is heated by the heating coil 12 through the movement of the shaft workpiece.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 A guide rail 23 is fixedly installed on the side of the mobile frame 20 away from the slide table. The length of the guide rail 23 is parallel to the height of the mobile frame 20. A slide block 24 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 23. The slide block 24 is connected to the mounting base 34. The guide rail 23 and the slide block 24 are used to ensure the stability of the mounting base 34 during the movement process.

[0050] It should be noted that the number of clamping plates 22 includes, but is not limited to, four. This application takes four as an example. When multiple clamping plates 22 are used, the multiple clamping plates 22 are also distributed in a circular array about the center of the heating coil 12 to better fix the workpiece.

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figures 9 to 11 The driving structure includes a support platform 40 located below the lifting seat 21. Four guide slots 401 are provided on one side of the support platform 40. A telescopic rod 41 is slidably connected inside each guide slot 401. The output end of the telescopic rod 41 is connected to a clamping plate 22, with each telescopic rod 41 corresponding to a clamping plate 22. Four guide slots 211 are provided on one side of the lifting seat 21. The output end of the telescopic rod 41 passes through the interior of each guide slot 211, with each telescopic rod 41 corresponding to a guide slot 211. Two limiting rings are connected to the output end of the telescopic rod 41. The lifting seat 21 is located between the two limiting rings. The limiting rings allow the output end of the telescopic rod 41 to extend or retract as the lifting seat 21 moves. A telescopic rod moving structure is provided below the support platform 40, allowing all four telescopic rods 41 to move simultaneously.

[0052] The telescopic rod moving structure includes a drive component 43 located below the support platform 40. The output end of the drive component 43 is connected to a rotating shaft 44. An absolute encoder (not shown in the figure) is installed on the rotating shaft 44. The absolute encoder is electrically connected to the control unit 11. The absolute encoder is used to determine the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 44 and thus determine the size of the workpiece. A turntable 45 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 44. Four arc-shaped adjustment grooves 451 are opened on one side of the turntable 45. One end of the arc-shaped adjustment groove 451 is located at the edge of the turntable 45, and the other end of the arc-shaped adjustment groove 451 is located at the middle of the turntable 45. The bottom end of the telescopic rod 41 is located inside the arc-shaped adjustment groove 451 and is slidably connected to the arc-shaped adjustment groove 451. The telescopic rod 41 corresponds to the arc-shaped adjustment groove 451 one by one.

[0053] When the position of clamping plate 22 needs to be adjusted, the control unit 11 sends a control signal to the drive component 43. Upon receiving the signal, the drive component 43 starts, outputting torque to drive the rotating shaft 44 to rotate forward or backward. As the rotating shaft 44 rotates, the turntable 45 rotates synchronously. Under the action of the arc-shaped adjustment groove 451, a thrust is generated at the bottom of the telescopic rod 41. Due to the trajectory limitation of the arc-shaped adjustment groove 451, this thrust is decomposed into a horizontal component along the direction of the guide groove 401, pushing the telescopic rod 41 to move linearly closer to or away from the center of the turntable 45 along the guide groove 401. At this time, the clamping plate 22 moves linearly closer to or away from the center along with the telescopic rod 41. When processing circular workpieces... When processing ring-shaped workpieces, the convex arc surface of the clamping plate 22 will fit against the inner wall of the ring-shaped workpiece. The synchronous contraction of the four clamping plates 22 achieves rigid support and fixation of the ring-shaped workpiece, preventing the workpiece from shifting during heating. When processing shaft-shaped workpieces, the roller 221 on the inner wall of the top of the clamping plate 22 will fit against the outer surface of the shaft-shaped workpiece. The rotation direction of the roller 221 is perpendicular to the height direction of the heating coil 12. This can not only achieve clamping and limiting of the bottom end of the shaft-shaped workpiece through the contraction of the clamping plate 22, but also reduce the friction between the shaft-shaped workpiece and the surface of the shaft-shaped workpiece by the rolling of the roller 221 when the shaft-shaped workpiece rotates with the jaws 36, avoiding damage to the outer surface of the shaft-shaped workpiece, while ensuring smooth rotation of the shaft-shaped workpiece.

[0054] The guide groove 211 on the lifting seat 21 provides a passage for the output end of the telescopic rod 41. Its length direction is consistent with the guide groove 401, which further restricts the movement direction of the telescopic rod 41 and prevents the telescopic rod 41 from swaying radially when transmitting power. When the lifting seat 21 moves up and down with the moving frame 20, the telescopic rod 41 will extend or shorten as a whole. The linkage between the telescopic rod 41 and the lifting seat 21 is realized by setting the limit ring. When the linear module 13 drives the moving frame 20 and the lifting seat 21 to move up and down, the lifting seat 21 will drive the output end of the telescopic rod 41 to move up and down synchronously through the limit rings on both sides, thereby driving the clamping plate 22 to move together with the lifting seat 21, ensuring that the clamping plate 22 is always located in the designated working position inside the heating coil 12.

[0055] The drive unit 43 can be a DC geared motor or a stepper motor. When the output torque of the drive unit is too large, it can automatically stop. At this time, the clamping plate 22 is tightly attached to the workpiece and fixes the workpiece. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 44, the absolute encoder can monitor the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 44 in real time and convert the angle signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the control unit 11. When the clamping plate 22 is tightly attached to the workpiece, the control unit 11 can calculate the moving distance of the clamping plate 22 through the rotation angle and the preset algorithm, and then determine the size of the workpiece.

[0056] It is important to note that the drive component 43 is housed inside a waterproof enclosure (not shown in the figure) to prevent the coolant from affecting the drive component during workpiece cooling, thus ensuring the normal operation and service life of the drive component. Furthermore, a support plate (not labeled in the figure) is connected to the outer surface of the telescopic rod 41. Ball bearings are connected to the bottom of the support plate and the bottom of the clamping plate 22. The ball bearings connected to the support plate are in rolling connection with the support platform 40, and the ball bearings connected to the clamping plate 22 are in rolling connection with the lifting seat 21. Through the rolling connection between the ball bearings and the corresponding contact surfaces, the sliding friction between the telescopic rod 41 and the support platform 40, and between the clamping plate 22 and the lifting seat 21, is converted into rolling friction. This significantly reduces motion resistance, minimizes component wear, and ensures smooth and stable movement of the telescopic rod 41 along the guide groove 401 and the clamping plate 22 along the lifting seat 21. This enhances the response speed and service life of the lifting mechanism and ensures precise synchronization of workpiece clamping / unclamping actions.

[0057] like Figures 3 to 8The gripper adjustment assembly includes a movable sleeve 37 disposed inside the support sleeve 35. The movable sleeve 37 is coaxially arranged with the support sleeve 35, and the outer diameter of the movable sleeve 37 is smaller than the inner diameter of the support sleeve 35. The mounting rod 32 is coaxially arranged with the movable sleeve 37. The distance monitoring unit 33 is located inside the movable sleeve 37. The diameter of the mounting rod 32 is smaller than the inner diameter of the movable sleeve 37, and the maximum length of the distance monitoring unit 33 is smaller than the inner diameter of the movable sleeve 37, to avoid interference between the movable sleeve 37 and the support sleeve 35, the mounting rod 32, and the distance monitoring unit 33 during movement. Four movable rods 38 are connected to the outer surface of the bottom end of the movable sleeve 37. The end of rod 38 away from movable sleeve 37 is rotatably connected to gripper 36. Movable rod 38 and gripper 36 correspond one-to-one. A connecting ring 39 is connected to the outer surface of the top of movable sleeve 37. A movable ring 310 is rotatably connected above the connecting ring 39. The inner diameter of movable ring 310 is the same as the inner diameter of connecting ring 39. A connecting component is provided between movable ring 310 and connecting ring 39. The connecting component is used to ensure that connecting ring 39 can rotate smoothly while movable ring 310 drives connecting ring 39 to move. Telescopic component 311 is installed on movable frame 31. The output end of telescopic component 311 is connected to movable ring 310. Telescopic component 311 is electrically connected to control unit 11.

[0058] The connecting assembly includes an annular connecting groove 3101 formed on one side of the moving ring 310 and a supporting connecting rod 312 connected to the connecting ring 39. The cross-sectional shape of both the supporting connecting rod 312 and the annular connecting groove 3101 is T-shaped. The supporting connecting rod 312 is located inside the annular connecting groove 3101 and is slidably connected to the annular connecting groove 3101.

[0059] After the control unit 11 calculates the moving distance of the clamping plate 22 by rotating the angle, the distance monitoring unit 33 monitors the height of the end of the shaft workpiece and transmits the height information to the control unit 11. Combined with the movement data of the linear module 13, the length of the shaft workpiece is determined. Based on the initial opening angle of the gripper 36, the length of the gripper 36, the hinge point position, and a preset algorithm, the required retraction range of the gripper 36 is calculated. This leads to the derivation of the required moving length of the output end of the telescopic component 311, ensuring that when the gripper 36 is clamped, its inner side can tightly fit against the outer surface of the shaft workpiece. This prevents the workpiece from shifting due to insufficient clamping force or damaging the workpiece surface due to excessive clamping force. Furthermore, the control unit 11 will control the power of the heating coil 12 according to the workpiece size, allowing the heating coil 12 to better heat the workpiece and avoiding overheating or underheating during processing, ensuring the heating effect on the workpiece. When it is necessary to clamp or loosen the workpiece, the control unit 11 will... The control unit 11 sends an electrical signal to the telescopic component 311 to control its output end to extend or retract. The telescopic component 311 and the telescopic component 30 can be electric push rods, cylinders, or hydraulic cylinders. Their stroke accuracy is precisely matched with the signal commands of the control unit 11. When the telescopic component 311 is working, the moving ring 310 will move up and down along the axis of the support sleeve 35 with the movement of the telescopic component 311. Since the moving ring 310 is linked with the connecting ring 39 through the connecting assembly, and the T-shaped support connecting rod 312 in the connecting assembly can slide freely in the annular connecting groove 3101, the linear motion of the moving ring 310 can be synchronously transmitted to the connecting ring 39. The moving sleeve 37 moves up and down with the connecting ring 39. When the moving sleeve 37 moves upward, the movable rod 38 will pull the gripper 36 to retract inward around the hinge point of the support sleeve 35 to clamp the workpiece. When the moving sleeve 37 moves downward, the movable rod 38 will push the gripper 36 to open outward around the hinge point to release the workpiece.

[0060] It should be noted that there is a gap between the moving ring 310 and the connecting ring 39 to avoid interference between the connecting ring 39 and the moving ring 310 during rotation, thus ensuring that the connecting ring 39 rotates smoothly.

[0061] like Figures 3 to 6 The sleeve drive assembly includes a second drive component 50 mounted on a mounting base 34. The output end of the second drive component 50 is connected to a first gear 51. The outer surface of the first gear 51 is meshed with a second gear 52. The second gear 52 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the support sleeve 35.

[0062] After the shaft workpiece is clamped and fixed at both ends by the clamping plate 22 and the gripper 36, the control unit 11 sends a start signal to the second drive component 50. After receiving the signal, the second drive component 50 starts and drives the first gear 51 to rotate. Since the outer surfaces of the first gear 51 and the second gear 52 are meshed, and the second gear 52 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the support sleeve 35, the rotational power of the first gear 51 is transmitted to the second gear 52 through the meshing tooth surface, thereby driving the support sleeve 35 to rotate around its own axis. At this time, the gripper 36 synchronously drives the workpiece to rotate. The roller 221 can ensure that the shaft workpiece can rotate smoothly with the gripper 36, avoiding scratches on the surface of the shaft workpiece or rotation jamming due to friction. At the same time, the linear module 13 will drive the moving frame 20 to move downward, and the shaft workpiece will move slowly along the height direction of the heating coil 12. The combination of rotational motion and linear motion ensures that each surface of the shaft workpiece can pass through the heating area of ​​the heating coil 12 evenly, ensuring that the performance of the workpiece after heat treatment is consistent.

[0063] The rotational speed of the second drive component 50 can be precisely adjusted by the control unit 11 to adapt to the heat treatment requirements of shaft workpieces of different materials and diameters. The gear ratio of the first gear 51 and the second gear 52 can be designed according to actual needs. By adjusting the gear ratio, the output rotational speed of the support sleeve 35 can be further optimized to ensure that the rotational speed matches the heating power of the heating coil 12 and the moving speed of the shaft workpiece, so as to achieve uniform heating of the surface of the shaft workpiece and avoid the problems of local overheating or insufficient heating.

[0064] A metal heat treatment process includes the following steps:

[0065] S1. Select the feeding method according to the type of workpiece. Place the ring-shaped workpiece in the center of the heating coil 12, or place the shaft-type workpiece vertically between the clamping plate 22 and the jaws 36, so that the workpiece and the heating coil 12 remain coaxial.

[0066] S2. The control unit 11 starts the drive component 43, which drives the rotating shaft 44 and the turntable 45 to rotate, so that the telescopic rod 41 and the clamping plate 22 move synchronously. For the ring-shaped workpiece, the control unit 11 controls the outer convex surface of the clamping plate 22 to fit tightly with the inner wall of the workpiece to achieve rigid support. For the shaft-type workpiece, the bottom end of the workpiece is clamped by the roller 221 on the clamping plate 22. The distance monitoring unit 33 detects the height of the end of the workpiece and feeds it back to the control unit 11 to determine the downward movement distance of the telescopic component 30.

[0067] S3. The rotation angle is acquired by the absolute encoder on the rotating shaft 44 to calculate the inner diameter of the ring-shaped workpiece or the diameter of the shaft-type workpiece.

[0068] S4. Control the telescopic component 30 to drive the moving frame 31 and the mounting base 34 to move down, so that the gripper 36 reaches the top of the workpiece. Then control the telescopic component 311 to move, drive the gripper 36 to retract and clamp the upper end of the workpiece.

[0069] S5, the control unit 11 automatically adjusts the output power and working time of the heating coil 12 according to the detected workpiece size information. For ring-shaped workpieces, the heating coil 12 is directly started for heating. For shaft-type workpieces, the second drive component 50 is started, and the support sleeve 35 and the gripper 36 are rotated through the transmission of gear 1 51 and gear 2 52. The workpiece rotates synchronously with the assistance of the roller 221. At the same time, the linear module 13 drives the moving frame 20 to move downward, causing the workpiece to move along the axial direction of the heating coil 12 to achieve uniform heating.

[0070] S6. After the workpiece reaches the working time, the control unit 11 shuts off the heating coil 12 and stops the operation of the drive component 2 50 and the linear module 13.

[0071] S7, the control unit 11 controls the drive component 43 to reverse so that the clamping plate 22 opens, and controls the telescopic component 311 to extend so that the gripper 36 releases, removes the workpiece, and completes the heat treatment process.

[0072] The operating time of the heating coil 12 is automatically adjusted based on the following formula:

[0073]

[0074] In the formula This represents the operating time of heating coil 12. Represents the workpiece shape correction factor. Represents the effective thermal conductivity thickness of the workpiece. Represents the thermal diffusivity of the workpiece material. Represents the target temperature for heat treatment. Represents ambient temperature. λ represents the initial temperature of the workpiece, and λ represents the thermal conductivity of the material. This represents the diameter of the workpiece clamping area. L represents the reference diameter, k represents the length of the shaft-type workpiece, and k represents the speed reference coefficient. Represents process delay time; This represents setting the base time;

[0075] The effective thermal conductivity thickness of ring-shaped workpieces and shaft-shaped workpieces is different; for ring-shaped workpieces... , Represents the outer radius of the ring-shaped workpiece. The inner radius of a ring-shaped workpiece is used for shaft-type workpieces. r is the workpiece radius; the thermal diffusivity of the workpiece material The calculation formula is ,in Represents the density of the workpiece material. The specific heat capacity under constant pressure of the workpiece material;

[0076] When the heating coil 12 stops working, the linear module 13 stops working simultaneously.

[0077] The automatic adjustment of the output power of the heating coil 12 is based on the following formula:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula This represents the output power of heating coil 12. Represents the workpiece material correction factor. V represents the workpiece type correction factor, and V represents the effective heating volume of the workpiece. This represents the thermal efficiency of the heating coil. Represents heat dissipation compensation power;

[0080] The effective heating volume differs between ring-shaped workpieces and shaft-shaped workpieces; for ring-shaped workpieces... For shaft-type workpieces .

[0081] The movement of the telescopic component 311 is controlled based on the following formula:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula The target travel distance at the output end of telescopic component 311 represents the travel distance of the telescopic component. This represents the effective length of the gripper 36. This represents the initial opening diameter of the grippers. The length of the movable rod is 38. This represents the initial opening angle of the gripper at 36 degrees. Represents the amount of itinerary correction;

[0084] The clamping diameters of ring-shaped workpieces and shaft-shaped workpieces are different. For ring-shaped workpieces... For shaft-type workpieces .

[0085] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0086] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0087] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal heat treatment processing apparatus, comprising a housing (10) and a heating coil (12), characterized in that, The heating coil (12) is mounted on the chassis (10), and also includes: The control unit (11) is mounted on the chassis (10); The lifting seat (21) is located on one side of the chassis (10). The lifting seat (21) moves along the height direction of the chassis (10). Four clamping plates (22) are slidably arranged on one side of the lifting seat (21). The clamping plates (22) are convex arc-shaped. Rollers (221) are installed on the inner wall of the top of each clamping plate (22). The drive structure is located below the lifting seat (21). The drive structure is connected to the four clamping plates (22) and is used to drive the four clamping plates (22) to move synchronously. A movable frame (31) is set on one side of the chassis (10) and above the heating coil (12). A mounting rod (32) is fixedly installed on the movable frame (31). A distance monitoring unit (33) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the mounting rod (32). The distance monitoring unit (33) is electrically connected to the control unit (11). A mounting base (34) is fixedly connected to one side of the movable frame (31). A support sleeve (35) is rotatably connected to one side of the mounting base (34). Multiple grippers (36) are rotatably provided on the outer surface of the support sleeve (35). The gripper adjustment assembly is mounted on the support sleeve (35) and connected to the gripper (36). The gripper adjustment assembly is used to enable multiple grippers (36) to work synchronously. A sleeve drive assembly is mounted on the mounting base (34) and is used to drive the support sleeve (35) to rotate.

2. The metal heat treatment processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A linear module (13) is fixedly installed on one side of the chassis (10). The length direction of the linear module (13) is parallel to the height direction of the chassis (10). A movable frame (20) is connected to the slide of the linear module (13). The bottom end of the movable frame (20) is connected to the lifting seat (21). A telescopic component (30) is fixedly installed at the top of the movable frame (20). The output end of the telescopic component (30) is connected to the movable frame (31). The telescopic component (30) is electrically connected to the control unit (11).

3. The metal heat treatment processing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive structure includes a support platform (40), telescopic rods (41), limiting retaining rings, and a telescopic rod moving structure. The support platform (40) is located below the lifting seat (21). Four guide slots (401) are provided on one side of the support platform (40). There are four telescopic rods (41). The telescopic rods (41) are slidably disposed inside the guide slots (401). The output end of the telescopic rods (41) is connected to the clamping plate (22). The guide slots (401) and the clamping plate (22) are one-to-one with the telescopic rods (41). Four guide slots (211) are provided on one side of the lifting seat (21). The output end of the telescopic rods (41) passes through the inside of the guide slots (211). The telescopic rods (41) are one-to-one with the guide slots (211). The output end of each telescopic rod (41) is connected to two limiting retaining rings. The telescopic rod moving structure is located below the support platform (40). The telescopic rod moving structure is used to make the four telescopic rods (41) move simultaneously.

4. The metal heat treatment processing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic rod moving structure includes a drive component (43), a rotating shaft (44), and a turntable (45). The drive component (43) is located below the support platform (40). The rotating shaft (44) is connected to the output end of the drive component (43). The turntable (45) is connected to the end of the rotating shaft (44). Four arc-shaped adjustment grooves (451) are provided on one side of the turntable (45). One end of the arc-shaped adjustment groove (451) is located at the edge of the turntable (45), and the other end of the arc-shaped adjustment groove (451) is located at the middle of the turntable (45). The bottom end of the telescopic rod (41) is located inside the arc-shaped adjustment groove (451) and is slidably connected to the arc-shaped adjustment groove (451).

5. A metal heat treatment processing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gripper adjustment assembly includes a movable sleeve (37), movable rods (38), a connecting ring (39), a movable ring (310), a connecting component, and a telescopic component (311). The movable sleeve (37) is located inside the support sleeve (35) and is coaxially arranged with the support sleeve (35). The distance monitoring unit (33) is located inside the movable sleeve (37), and the maximum length of the distance monitoring unit (33) is less than the inner diameter of the movable sleeve (37). There are four movable rods (38), which are installed on the outer surface of the bottom end of the movable sleeve (37). The end of the movable rod (38) away from the movable sleeve (37) is connected to... The gripper (36) is rotatably connected, and the movable rod (38) corresponds one-to-one with the gripper (36). The connecting ring (39) is installed on the outer surface of the top of the movable sleeve (37). The movable ring (310) is set above the connecting ring (39). The connecting component is set between the movable ring (310) and the connecting ring (39). The connecting component is used to ensure that the connecting ring (39) can rotate smoothly while the movable ring (310) drives the connecting ring (39) to move. The telescopic component two (311) is installed on the movable frame (31). The output end of the telescopic component two (311) is connected to the movable ring (310). The telescopic component two (311) is electrically connected to the control unit (11).

6. The metal heat treatment processing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sleeve drive assembly includes a second drive component (50), a first gear (51), and a second gear (52). The second drive component (50) is mounted on the mounting base (34). The first gear (51) is connected to the output end of the second drive component (50). The second gear (52) meshes with the first gear (51) and is mounted on the outer surface of the support sleeve (35).

7. A metal heat treatment processing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting assembly includes an annular connecting groove (3101) and a supporting connecting rod (312). The annular connecting groove (3101) is opened on one side of the moving ring (310). There are multiple supporting connecting rods (312), and the ends of the multiple supporting connecting rods (312) are connected to the connecting ring (39). The cross-sectional shape of the supporting connecting rod (312) and the annular connecting groove (3101) is T-shaped. The supporting connecting rod (312) is located inside the annular connecting groove (3101) and is slidably connected to the annular connecting groove (3101).

8. A metal heat treatment processing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The movable frame (20) is fixedly installed with a guide rail (23) on the side away from the slide table. The length of the guide rail (23) is parallel to the height of the movable frame (20). A slide block (24) is slidably arranged on the guide rail (23). The slide block (24) is connected to the mounting base (34).

9. A metal heat treatment process, applied to the metal heat treatment apparatus of claim 8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Select the feeding method according to the type of workpiece. Place the ring workpiece in the center of the heating coil (12), or place the shaft workpiece vertically between the clamping plate (22) and the jaw (36) so that the workpiece and the heating coil (12) remain coaxial. S2. The control unit (11) starts the drive component (43), which drives the rotating shaft (44) and the turntable (45) to rotate, so that the telescopic rod (41) and the clamping plate (22) move synchronously. For the ring-shaped workpiece, the control unit (11) controls the outer convex surface of the clamping plate (22) to fit tightly with the inner wall of the workpiece to achieve rigid support. For the shaft-type workpiece, the bottom end of the workpiece is clamped by the roller (221) on the clamping plate (22). The distance monitoring unit (33) detects the height of the end of the workpiece and feeds it back to the control unit (11) to determine the downward movement distance of the telescopic component (30). S3. The rotation angle is collected by the absolute encoder on the rotating shaft (44) to calculate the inner diameter of the ring-shaped workpiece or the diameter of the shaft-type workpiece. S4. Control the telescopic component one (30) to drive the moving frame (31) and the mounting base (34) to move down, so that the gripper (36) reaches the top of the workpiece. Then control the telescopic component two (311) to move, drive the gripper (36) to retract and clamp the upper end of the workpiece. S5. The control unit (11) automatically adjusts the output power and working time of the heating coil (12) according to the detected workpiece size information. For ring workpieces, the heating coil (12) is directly started for heating. For shaft workpieces, the second drive component (50) is started. Through the transmission of gear one (51) and gear two (52), the support sleeve (35) and the gripper (36) are driven to rotate. The workpiece rotates synchronously with the assistance of the roller (221). At the same time, the linear module (13) drives the moving frame (20) to move downward, driving the workpiece to move along the axial direction of the heating coil (12) to achieve uniform heating. S6. After the workpiece reaches the working time, the control unit (11) turns off the heating coil (12) and stops the operation of the second drive unit (50) and the linear module (13); S7. Control unit (11) controls drive component one (43) to reverse so that clamping plate (22) opens, controls telescopic component two (311) to extend so that clamping jaw (36) releases, takes out workpiece, and completes heat treatment process.

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