Ballastless track sleeper concrete high-pressure water breaking device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a ballastless track sleeper concrete high-pressure water breaking device and a using method thereof. The device comprises an equipment body, a breaking assembly, a water supply assembly, a control assembly and a monitoring assembly used for obtaining track state information in real time, a walking mechanism is arranged on the equipment body, and the breaking assembly comprises a high-pressure spray head mechanism and an adjusting mechanism used for adjusting the spatial position of the high-pressure spray head mechanism so that the high-pressure spray head mechanism can act on an existing sleeper. The water supply assembly is arranged on one side of the equipment body and connected with the high-pressure spray head mechanism through a water supply pipeline, and the monitoring assembly, the adjusting mechanism and the water supply assembly are all electrically connected with the control assembly. The existing sleeper is rapidly broken through high-pressure water through the high-pressure spray head mechanism, the track state is obtained in real time through the monitoring assembly, the whole process is monitored in real time while the operation efficiency is improved, refined breaking of the existing sleeper is achieved, damage to a track plate is reduced, the construction efficiency and the construction quality are improved, and the construction cost is reduced. And the full-period safety of track structure construction is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway track technology, and in particular to a high-pressure water demolition device for concrete sleepers on ballastless tracks and its method of use. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed and intercity railways generally use ballastless track. With increasing service life, some ballastless tracks experience uneven settlement or arching deformation, exceeding the adjustment capabilities of existing fasteners. Simultaneously, aging and damage to concrete sleepers become increasingly common in the later stages of operation, affecting train safety. These problems can be addressed by sleeper removal and reconstruction. However, traditional sleeper removal methods rely on manual labor using handheld power tools (such as electric picks and pneumatic picks), which may damage the internal steel reinforcement, affecting structural integrity. Furthermore, the process may generate vibrations and new cracks, causing extended damage to the substrate of the removed structure. In addition, existing technologies struggle to perform large-scale, high-precision operations within the time and space constraints of high-speed railway maintenance windows. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-pressure water jetting device and its application method for removing concrete from ballastless track sleepers to overcome the problems of low efficiency, easy damage to rails and track bed structures, limited working space, and difficulty in achieving high-precision synchronous control in existing high-speed railway ballastless track sleeper defect treatment methods. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleepers, comprising a main body, a demolition component, a water supply component, a control component, and a monitoring component for real-time acquisition of track status information. The main body is equipped with a traveling mechanism suitable for moving on the rails. The demolition component, control component, and monitoring component are all mounted on the main body. The demolition component includes a high-pressure nozzle mechanism and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spatial position of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism to act on the existing sleepers. The water supply component is located on one side of the main body and connected to the high-pressure nozzle mechanism via a water supply pipe. The monitoring component, adjustment mechanism, and water supply component are all electrically connected to the control component.

[0004] Furthermore, it also includes a cleaning component, which is disposed on one side of the main body of the equipment, and the cleaning component includes a purging mechanism for removing debris from existing sleepers.

[0005] Furthermore, the breaking component also includes a protective cover, which is movably disposed at the output end of the adjusting mechanism, and the high-pressure nozzle mechanism is housed within the protective cover.

[0006] Furthermore, the number of high-pressure nozzle mechanisms is two sets, and the two sets of high-pressure nozzle mechanisms are arranged adjacent to each other on the adjustment mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a y-axis motion unit, a z-axis motion unit, and a rotary drive unit. The y-axis motion unit is mounted on the main body of the equipment, the z-axis motion unit is mounted at the output end of the y-axis motion unit, the motion path of the y-axis motion unit is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail, the rotary drive unit is mounted on the z-axis motion unit, and the high-pressure nozzle mechanism is mounted at the output end of the rotary drive unit.

[0008] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for using the high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleepers as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Identify the areas to be rectified;

[0010] The walking mechanism of the main body of the equipment is mounted on the steel rail and the water supply component is connected to the high-pressure nozzle mechanism.

[0011] The existing sleeper status is acquired in real time by monitoring components, and the position of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism is adjusted by adjusting the adjustment mechanism based on the acquired existing sleeper status.

[0012] The water supply components are activated, and the high-pressure nozzle mechanism first breaks down the existing sleepers from both ends, then breaks down the existing sleeper section directly below the rail, until a single existing sleeper is completely broken down, while retaining the reinforcing steel inside the existing sleeper.

[0013] Repeat the above demolition operation until all existing sleepers in the area to be treated are demolished.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific determination of the area to be rectified includes:

[0015] Obtain deformation data of the track in the area to be treated;

[0016] The adjustment amount for each existing sleeper is calculated based on the deformation data of the track.

[0017] Furthermore, after the existing sleepers are completely demolished, the following is also included:

[0018] The existing steel bars in the grooves of the broken sleepers were reinforced and tied.

[0019] Install the corresponding casting mold according to the adjustment amount of each existing sleeper;

[0020] Concrete is poured into the casting mold, and after the concrete has cured, the mold is removed to obtain the newly constructed railway sleeper.

[0021] Fasteners are installed between the rails and the newly built sleepers.

[0022] Furthermore, the removal of the existing sleepers specifically includes:

[0023] The existing sleepers that were exposed on the outside of the track slab were manually removed.

[0024] The existing sleepers are divided into three sections along the transverse direction: the first section, the second section, and the third section. The second section is located directly below the rail.

[0025] The high-pressure nozzle mechanism is adjusted to simultaneously break down the first and third zones, avoiding the track plate;

[0026] Adjust the high-pressure nozzle mechanism to break up the second area, avoiding the rails.

[0027] Furthermore, after the existing sleepers are completely destroyed, the process also includes: blowing away the remaining debris from the existing sleepers using a blowing mechanism, and then collecting and processing it centrally.

[0028] By employing the above technical solutions, this invention has the following advantages compared to existing technologies:

[0029] The demolition device provided by this invention is equipped with a high-pressure nozzle mechanism on the main body of the equipment. It can quickly demolish existing sleepers with high-pressure water through the high-pressure nozzle mechanism, and the track status can be obtained in real time through the monitoring component. While improving the operation efficiency, the device can monitor the entire process in real time and adjust the high-pressure nozzle mechanism in a timely manner based on the monitoring data. This enables precise demolition of existing sleepers, reduces damage to the track slab, improves construction efficiency and quality, and ensures the safety of the track structure throughout the entire construction cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the breaking device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Partial structural diagram of the breaking device provided by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 3 Partial structural diagram of the breaking device provided by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 4 Partial structural diagram of the breaking device provided by the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0035] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of existing sleepers and track slabs;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the usage status of the breaking device provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the usage status of the breaking device provided by the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0038] 1-Main body of equipment; 11-Traveling mechanism; 2-Demolition component; 21-High-pressure nozzle mechanism; 221-Nozzle; 22-Y-axis motion unit; 23-Z-axis motion unit; 24-Support beam; 25-Protective cover; 3-Water supply component; 31-High-pressure pump set; 4-Control component; 5-Monitoring component; 6-Rail; 7-Existing sleeper; 8-Rail slab; 9-Cleanup component. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions and relative dimensions of certain parts may be enlarged for clarity.

[0040] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] In the description of this invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0042] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Additionally, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] As per the instruction manual Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleepers, including a main body 1, a demolition component 2, a water supply component 3, a control component 4, and a monitoring component 5 for real-time acquisition of track status information. The main body 1 is provided with a traveling mechanism 11 suitable for traveling on the rail 6. The demolition component 2, the control component 4, and the monitoring component 5 are all mounted on the main body 1. The demolition component 2 includes a high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spatial position of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 so that it acts on the existing sleeper 7. The water supply component 3 is located on one side of the main body 1 and is connected to the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 through a water supply pipe. The monitoring component 5, the adjustment mechanism, and the water supply component 3 are all electrically connected to the control component 4.

[0045] Specifically, the demolition device is used to demolish existing sleepers 7, mainly by demolishing the concrete of the existing sleepers 7. The demolition component 2, monitoring component 5, and control component 4 are all mounted on the main body 1 of the equipment. In use, the traveling mechanism 11 is adapted to travel on the rail 6 to drive the demolition component 2 to move longitudinally along the rail 6, thereby processing the existing sleepers 7 that need to be demolished in sequence. The monitoring component 5 can acquire track status information in real time, including the position, status, and deformation of the sleepers. The control component 4 can collect the track status information acquired by the monitoring component 5 and feed it back to the adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism adjusts the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 to achieve precise demolition of the sleeper concrete while avoiding the track slab 8 and reducing damage to the track slab 8. This application achieves efficient and precise removal of existing sleeper concrete by precisely controlling high-pressure water jets, protecting the rails 6 while avoiding damage to the track slabs 8 and their internal reinforcing bars. Compared with existing technologies, it has significant improvements in operational efficiency and safety, real-time monitoring capabilities throughout the construction process, automation and intelligence levels of equipment, equipment applicability and portability, and ensuring the safety and quality of the track structure throughout the entire construction cycle.

[0046] In application, high-pressure water jets are used to precisely break up the concrete of railway sleepers, effectively reducing the time required to break up a single sleeper and greatly improving operational efficiency. This effectively addresses the challenges of tight schedules and heavy workloads during high-speed rail maintenance windows. During the breaking process, the action is minimized on the track slab, ensuring vibration-free operation and preventing the induction of new cracks, thus avoiding secondary damage to surrounding structures. The device operates with zero harmful emissions, no dust, and low noise, eliminating the environmental pollution problems associated with traditional breaking methods. During the breaking process, monitoring components provide real-time track status information, offering real-time and quantitative feedback for construction safety. This effectively ensures the stability of the track structure during breaking up and allows for rapid assessment of whether the line meets the requirements for opening or speed increases after the operation, providing reliable support for the safe and stable operation of high-speed rail lines. High-pressure water jetting of railway sleeper concrete can quickly remove the concrete while protecting the internal steel reinforcement structure, achieving a removal rate of over 90%. The adjustment mechanism can adjust the position of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism, effectively avoiding steel reinforcement obstacles and efficiently breaking through the concrete behind the steel reinforcement. It allows for feeding operations within dense steel reinforcement meshes, ensuring clean breaking boundaries without damaging the upper rails or the underlying foundation structure (such as track slabs). The breaking device of this application has a high degree of automation; the control components can precisely control the adjustment mechanism, significantly reducing the need for manual operation and improving operational accuracy and safety.

[0047] Preferably, the water supply component 3 includes a water supply vehicle and a high-pressure pump set 31. During construction, the water supply vehicle and high-pressure pump set can be installed under the railway line or mounted on an existing railcar and placed on the line, running in the same direction as the demolition component 2 on the same track. The water supply vehicle is equipped with a water storage tank for supplying water. The high-pressure pump set 31 is mounted on the water supply vehicle and connected to the water storage tank. The high-pressure pump set 31 serves as the core power source, responsible for generating a high-pressure water jet to pressurize the water flow and achieve the high-pressure water jet demolition of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 to break the concrete of the sleepers. The high-pressure pump set 31 is connected to the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 via a water supply pipeline. The length of the water supply pipeline can be set according to requirements to meet the usage needs of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism. Of course, during use, the water supply vehicle can move along with the main body 1 of the equipment.

[0048] In an optimized implementation, the demolition device also includes a generator set, which is installed under the railway line during construction to provide power for the operation of the device.

[0049] Optimized implementation methods, as shown in the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 2 and 3As shown, the main body 1 of the equipment includes a flat plate as a support platform. The breaking component 2, the control component 4 and the monitoring component 5 are all mounted on the flat plate. The walking mechanism 11 is mounted at the bottom of the flat plate. The walking mechanism 11 preferably has wheels that are suitable for moving on the rails 6, so that it can move efficiently along the rails 6, which helps to quickly deploy and accurately position it to the designated work location.

[0050] The optimized implementation also includes a cleaning component 9 for cleaning up the existing sleeper debris after demolition. The cleaning component 9 is located on one side of the main equipment 1. During construction, the cleaning component can be placed under the railway line or mounted on the line using an existing railcar, running in the same direction and on the same track as the demolition component 2. The cleaning component 9 includes a cleaning car and a blowing mechanism for removing the existing sleeper debris. The blowing mechanism blows the existing sleeper debris to the debris inlet of the cleaning car, where the debris is collected and centrally processed.

[0051] In the optimized implementation, the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 consists of two sets, arranged adjacent to each other on the adjustment mechanism. Each high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 corresponds one-to-one with the rail 6, and can simultaneously or individually demolish the corresponding existing sleeper 7. Each high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 is separately mounted on the adjustment mechanism, allowing for individual adjustment of both mechanisms while simultaneously demolishing the existing sleeper concrete. The control component 4 includes a first control unit and a second control unit. The two high-pressure nozzle mechanisms 21 are controlled by the first and second control units respectively, ensuring simultaneous demolition operations while also enabling independent parameter settings and demolition operations without interference, meeting different usage requirements. Furthermore, it can process real-time feedback data and adjust the demolition parameters of the actuator in real time according to the set target values, achieving feedback closed-loop control.

[0052] In the optimized implementation, the adjustment component includes a y-axis motion unit 22, a z-axis motion unit 23, and a rotary drive unit. In this embodiment, with the length direction of the rail 6 as the x-axis, the y-axis is perpendicular to the x-axis, and the z-axis is parallel to the vertical. The demolition component 2 can move along the x-axis under the action of the equipment body 1. The high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 moves along the y-axis under the action of the y-axis motion unit 22 and rises and falls under the action of the z-axis. The traveling mechanism 11, the y-axis motion unit 22, and the z-axis motion unit 23 together constitute the three-dimensional motion platform of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21, allowing its spatial positioning freedom to cover the area required for the demolition operation, enabling precise demolition of the existing sleepers 7. The y-axis motion unit 22 is mounted on the equipment body 1, the z-axis motion unit 23 is mounted at the output end of the y-axis motion unit 22, the rotary drive unit is mounted on the z-axis motion unit 23, and the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 is mounted at the output end of the rotary drive unit. The y-axis motion unit 22 and the z-axis motion unit 23 adopt a conventional motion structure of slide rails and slide tables, which will not be described in detail here. The y-axis motion unit 22 includes two y-axis slides, which are respectively connected to the first control unit and the second control unit for adjusting the y-axis slides. Each y-axis slide is equipped with a z-axis motion unit 23, and each z-axis motion unit 23 has a support beam 24 on its z-axis slide. The two z-axis slides are respectively connected to the first control unit and the second control unit for adjusting the z-axis slides. The axial direction of the support beam 24 is parallel to the length direction of the rail 6. The support beam 24 is located at the front end of the equipment body 1 and extends outward from the outside of the equipment body 1. A rotary drive unit is provided on the support beam 24. The high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 is located at the output end of the rotary drive unit. The rotary drive unit can drive the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 to rotate. The two rotary drive units are respectively connected to the first control unit and the second control unit for adjusting the rotary drive unit. This rotational freedom can effectively adjust the angle of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21, which can significantly improve the operation accuracy and adaptability when avoiding the internal steel reinforcement structure and removing the existing sleepers 7 directly below the rail 6. The position and angle of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism are adjusted by the first and second control units to achieve precise demolition. The high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 is equipped with a multi-directional motion unit and a rotating nozzle, enabling it to work efficiently in areas with narrow spaces, complex structures, and obstacles around and below the sleepers, and to accurately clear the concrete from the sleepers in areas with dense reinforcement.

[0053] In an optimized implementation, the demolition assembly further includes a protective cover 25. The protective cover 25 is movably mounted on the output end of the adjustment mechanism and is situated on the support beam 24. The high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 is housed within the protective cover 25. The protective cover, located outside the high-pressure nozzle mechanism, forms a dynamic isolation barrier throughout the operation, effectively protecting surrounding structures and preventing the spread of splashes, thus avoiding impacts to equipment and personnel. It also facilitates the centralized cleaning of accumulated splashes. The protective cover provides complete enclosed protection during the operation, maximizing the safe and stable operation of the equipment while ensuring a clean construction environment free of residue and splashes, significantly improving operational safety. The track slab has a slope, allowing the sprayed water to flow out.

[0054] To optimize the implementation method and ensure safety throughout the construction process and the integrity of the track structure after construction, thereby ensuring train operation safety and creating conditions for line speed increase, the main body 1 of the equipment is equipped with a monitoring component 5. This monitoring component 5 includes a high-pressure water jet real-time monitoring unit, a high-definition video monitoring unit, and a track geometry monitoring unit. The high-pressure water jet real-time monitoring unit is equipped with pressure and flow monitoring devices, enabling real-time monitoring of the breaking flow and pressure to provide guidance for construction. The high-definition video monitoring unit is equipped with a high-definition camera, continuously powered by a generator set, and performs full-time monitoring of the track structure's working status during the breaking operation. It transmits monitoring video back in real-time via a wireless network, enabling dynamic assessment of the impact on track stability and providing immediate technical support for construction quality control. The high-definition camera is fixed at the front end of the flat plate, ensuring high-quality video acquisition performance while its external protective structure effectively isolates external interference during the operation. The track geometry monitoring unit can be linked with existing track measuring instruments to measure the actual elevation of the rail at the breaking location after the breaking is completed, and to evaluate the track geometry, significantly reducing the workload of track measurement after construction and improving construction efficiency.

[0055] In an optimized implementation, the control component integrates the control unit and the high-pressure injection actuator, which can reduce the size of the equipment, simplify the equipment structure, minimize the length and entanglement of cables and pipes on the track, and enhance the self-sufficiency of the core breaking component.

[0056] As one specific implementation, the control component also includes a host computer, to which the first control unit, second control unit, monitoring component, and high-pressure pump set are electrically connected. The host computer includes a display screen for displaying flow rate and pressure data of the high-pressure nozzle assembly, track measurement data, and fault alarm information. It can automatically select appropriate flow rate and pressure data based on pre-set cutting parameters and adjust the position of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism during the demolition process to meet the requirements of sleeper concrete demolition. The monitoring component is used for track status data acquisition and for completing tasks according to instructions from the host computer.

[0057] In an optimized implementation, each high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 includes at least two nozzles 211, which are spaced apart to allow for multi-point spraying and improve demolition efficiency.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] The present invention also provides a method for using the high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleeper concrete as described in Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1: Identify the areas to be rectified;

[0061] S2: Assemble the walking mechanism 11 of the main body of the equipment 1 onto the rail 6 and complete the connection between the water supply component 3 and the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21;

[0062] S3: The existing sleeper status is obtained in real time through the monitoring component 5, and the position of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 is adjusted through the adjustment mechanism according to the obtained existing sleeper status.

[0063] S4: Start the water supply component 3. The high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 first breaks the existing sleeper 7 from both ends, and then breaks the existing sleeper part directly below the rail 6 until the single existing sleeper is completely broken. The steel bars inside the existing sleeper are preserved. It is worth noting that the rail 6 needs to be temporarily supported before the high-pressure water is broken. The temporary support structure here is also introduced in the traditional sleeper chiseling process, and will not be repeated here.

[0064] S5: Repeat the above demolition operation until all existing sleepers in the area to be treated are demolished.

[0065] Specifically, the demolition device described in Example 1 is used to demolish the existing concrete of the sleepers 7. First, the area to be treated is determined, then the demolition device is assembled. The main body 1, equipped with monitoring components 5, demolition components 2, and a protective cover 25, is placed on the rail 6. The traveling mechanism 11 drives the main body 1 to move on the rail 6. The generator set, water supply components, etc., are placed on one side of the track, and the water supply pipeline and electrical circuit are connected. During the demolition work, the monitoring components collect data on the track structure status, including the sleeper status, so that the position of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 can be adjusted via the adjustment mechanism to achieve precise demolition of the sleeper concrete. During demolition, the two ends of the sleepers are demolished first, and finally the part of the sleeper directly below the rail is demolished until the sleeper concrete is completely demolished. As the main body of the device moves, it demolishes the existing sleepers one by one until all the existing sleepers in the area to be treated are demolished.

[0066] The optimized implementation method, specifically includes determining the area to be treated in step S1:

[0067] Obtain deformation data of the track in the area to be treated;

[0068] The adjustment amount for each existing sleeper is calculated based on the deformation data of the track.

[0069] Specifically, the track inspection trolley is used to inspect the track, determining the initial geometric dimensions of the track in the area to be addressed, including lateral and vertical deformations. Fasteners are inspected, and the adjustment amount for each existing sleeper is calculated based on the track deformation data, providing data support for the subsequent construction of new sleepers. The demolition equipment is then assembled offline, including the water supply vehicle, high-pressure pump set, generator set, and removal components.

[0070] Before step S2, a temporary transition support structure is installed to support the rail 6. The temporary transition support structure includes a steel plate and adjusting fasteners. The steel plate is placed on the track slab, and the adjusting fasteners connect the steel plate to the rail, forming a temporary rail support structure. Subsequently, the original sleeper fasteners are partially or completely loosened, and the temporary transition support structure replaces the existing sleepers to bear the rail force.

[0071] The optimized implementation method includes, in step S4, the removal of existing sleepers specifically comprising:

[0072] As per the instruction manual Figure 5 As shown, some of the existing sleepers are embedded in the track slab, while others are exposed on the outside of the track slab. To improve the efficiency of the demolition, lines are laid out around the edges of the existing sleepers, and cuts are made along the lines to a depth of 1-2 cm. Then, the exposed parts of the existing sleepers are manually removed using tools such as electric picks and pneumatic picks. After the removal, the existing sleepers are no more than 1 cm higher than the track slab.

[0073] As per the instruction manual Figure 6 and 7As shown, the existing sleeper 7 is divided into three regions in the transverse direction: a first region 71, a second region 72, and a third region 73. The second region 72 is located directly below the rail 6. After the demolition device is prepared, the high-pressure pump group is started. Under the control of the control unit, the high-pressure nozzle mechanism begins to demolish the existing sleeper to be cleared with high-pressure water. The high-pressure nozzle mechanism 21 has two nozzles 211, which can simultaneously carry out demolition operations on the first region 71 and the third region 73. The demolition range is controlled within the edge of the existing sleeper to avoid damage to the track slab. The demolition depth is 150cm. During the demolition process, the nozzle is kept as close as possible to the existing sleeper reinforcement cage, and the direction of the high-pressure water jet is controlled to prevent the high-pressure water jet from breaking the track slab. After the demolition of the first and third zones is completed, the nozzle angle is rotated and adjusted to the target position through the rotary drive unit. The demolition of the existing sleeper concrete in the second zone then begins. The two nozzles are symmetrically arranged, and the demolition of the second zone is carried out through the y-axis motion unit and the z-axis motion unit until all existing sleepers are demolished. During the demolition process, the steel cage of the existing sleepers will not be damaged, nor will the track slab be damaged.

[0074] After the existing sleeper 7 is demolished, the remaining debris from the existing sleeper is blown away by a sweeping mechanism, collected, and centrally processed.

[0075] After the debris is removed and cleared, new sleepers are constructed at the locations of the existing sleepers, and the sleepers are adjusted according to the calculated adjustment amount for each existing sleeper.

[0076] Specifically, the existing reinforcing bars in the recessed areas of the broken sleepers are reinforced and tied. Corresponding casting molds are installed according to the adjustment amount of each existing sleeper. Before installing the casting molds, the area around and bottom of the sleeper recesses is moistened with water, and a release agent is applied as needed. The casting molds are installed at each sleeper recess using the rail positioning system. The dimensions of each casting mold are set according to the sleeper adjustment amount. After the molds are installed, the installation position is monitored and verified as needed, and then the edges of the molds are sealed. After the removal is completed, an interface agent is applied to the interface to enhance its adhesion. Polymer concrete is mixed and prepared according to requirements; the polymer concrete used is self-leveling, non-shrink, and high-strength. Before the sleepers are poured, the concrete is defoamed using methods such as vacuuming and static setting as needed. The concrete is then poured into the installed molds using funnels, chutes, or other auxiliary tools. After the newly poured concrete reaches the required strength, the molds are removed, fasteners are installed, the newly constructed sleepers bear the load, the temporary transition support structure is removed, and the site is cleaned.

[0077] After the construction of the new sleepers is completed, the rails are fine-tuned to restore the smoothness of the track.

[0078] The demolition device proposed in this application is mainly for existing sleeper damage and other defects, requiring targeted repair of sleepers. It can also be used to remove existing sleepers and readjust the position and size of newly constructed sleepers when the vertical and lateral deformation of ballastless track exceeds the limit, thereby achieving the purpose of track improvement.

[0079] The demolition device described in this application can be assembled on-site, is simple to assemble, and can demolish single sleepers, offering good operational flexibility and high construction efficiency. It effectively overcomes on-site space and time limitations, adapting to diverse working conditions and types of defects. The pressure and flow rate of the demolition components are adjustable, facilitating the selection of the optimal parameter combination based on concrete hardness and demolition requirements. This not only reduces overall costs but also improves energy efficiency, achieving a balance between economic and environmental benefits. The equipment has a compact overall design, is capable of track movement, and is highly versatile. Its rapid assembly and disassembly characteristics make online operation convenient and efficient, facilitating manual transport to the track work surface and significantly improving the convenience of on-site deployment.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be implemented in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Although embodiments of the invention have been described, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to these embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-pressure water demolition device for concrete sleepers in ballastless track, characterized in that, The device includes a main body, a demolition component, a water supply component, a control component, and a monitoring component for real-time acquisition of track status information. The main body is equipped with a traveling mechanism suitable for moving on the rail. The demolition component, control component, and monitoring component are all mounted on the main body. The demolition component includes a high-pressure nozzle mechanism and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spatial position of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism so that it acts on the existing sleepers. The water supply component is located on one side of the main body and is connected to the high-pressure nozzle mechanism through a water supply pipe. The monitoring component, adjustment mechanism, and water supply component are all electrically connected to the control component.

2. The high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleeper concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cleaning component, which is located on one side of the main body of the equipment and includes a purging mechanism for removing debris from existing sleepers.

3. The high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleeper concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The breaking component also includes a protective cover, which is movably disposed at the output end of the adjusting mechanism, and the high-pressure nozzle mechanism is housed within the protective cover.

4. The high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleeper concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure nozzle mechanism consists of two sets, which are arranged adjacent to each other on the adjustment mechanism.

5. The high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleeper concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a y-axis motion unit, a z-axis motion unit, and a rotary drive unit. The y-axis motion unit is mounted on the main body of the equipment, the z-axis motion unit is mounted at the output end of the y-axis motion unit, and the motion path of the y-axis motion unit is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail. The rotary drive unit is mounted on the z-axis motion unit, and the high-pressure nozzle mechanism is mounted at the output end of the rotary drive unit.

6. A method of using the high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleepers as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Identify the areas to be rectified; The walking mechanism of the main body of the equipment is mounted on the steel rail and the water supply component is connected to the high-pressure nozzle mechanism. The existing sleeper status is acquired in real time by monitoring components, and the position of the high-pressure nozzle mechanism is adjusted by adjusting the adjustment mechanism based on the acquired existing sleeper status. The water supply components are activated, and the high-pressure nozzle mechanism first breaks down the existing sleepers from both ends, then breaks down the existing sleeper section directly below the rail, until a single existing sleeper is completely broken down, while retaining the reinforcing steel inside the existing sleeper. Repeat the above demolition operation until all existing sleepers in the area to be treated are demolished.

7. The method of using the high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleepers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific areas to be identified for remediation include: Obtain deformation data of the track in the area to be treated; The adjustment amount for each existing sleeper is calculated based on the deformation data of the track.

8. The method of using the high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleepers according to claim 7, characterized in that, After the existing sleepers are completely demolished, the following also applies: The existing steel bars in the grooves of the broken sleepers were reinforced and tied. Install the corresponding casting mold according to the adjustment amount of each existing sleeper; Concrete is poured into the casting mold, and after the concrete has cured, the mold is removed to obtain the newly constructed railway sleeper. Fasteners are installed between the rails and the newly built sleepers.

9. The method of using the high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleepers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The removal of the existing railway sleepers specifically includes: The existing sleepers that were exposed on the outside of the track slab were manually removed. The existing sleepers are divided into three sections along the transverse direction: the first section, the second section, and the third section. The second section is located directly below the rail. The high-pressure nozzle mechanism is adjusted to simultaneously break down the first and third zones, avoiding the track plate; Adjust the high-pressure nozzle mechanism to break up the second area, avoiding the rails.

10. The method of using the high-pressure water demolition device for ballastless track sleepers according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the existing sleepers are completely destroyed, the process also includes: blowing away the remaining debris from the existing sleepers using a sweeping mechanism, and then collecting and processing it centrally.

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