Subway station and construction method thereof
By independently setting up subway station structures that connect the up and down track areas with the station hall area, the problem of limited construction space for subway stations in urban centers has been solved, achieving space saving and improved construction flexibility.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING GENERAL MUNICIPAL ENG DESIGN & RES INST
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing urban rail transit subway station structures occupy a large space, making them difficult to adapt to the narrow spaces and complex underground environments in the city center, resulting in construction difficulties and significant environmental impact.
The station adopts independently set up up and down track areas, which are connected to the station concourse area respectively, forming an L-shaped or concave subway station structure. The spatial independence is achieved through independent tunnels and connecting passages, reducing the occupation of horizontal and vertical space.
It effectively saves construction space for subway stations, reduces structural height and excavation depth, minimizes the impact on the surrounding environment, and improves construction flexibility and efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN122013811A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of rail transit, and more specifically, to a subway station and its construction method. Background Technology
[0002] Existing urban rail transit subway stations typically employ island or side platform layouts, with the up and down tracks generally located at the same elevation. Simultaneously, the concourse level is often situated above the track area, creating a stacked concourse and platform structure. These traditional station designs require significant vertical and horizontal dimensions, often resulting in a large overall station height and width, thus occupying considerable underground space and posing significant challenges when land conditions are limited.
[0003] In urban centers or old city areas, narrow road cross-sections, complex traffic, dense underground municipal pipelines, and existing buildings jutting close to the road boundary lines limit construction setback space and impose strict requirements on settlement control of the surrounding environment. Under these complex and constrained conditions, traditional station structures with integrated platforms and concourses often fail to meet site layout requirements, leading to significant construction risks and adverse environmental impacts. Currently, there is no subway station structure that rationally organizes vertical space, reduces station height or width, and adapts to constrained construction conditions.
[0004] Therefore, how to provide a subway station suitable for areas with limited construction space has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of this, this application proposes a subway station and a construction method thereof.
[0006] According to this application, a subway station is proposed, comprising: a track area for subway passage; and a concourse area located on one or both sides of the track area and connected to the track area for passenger entry and exit; wherein the track area includes an up-line track area and a down-line track area aligned vertically or staggered vertically with the up-line track area, and the up-line track area and the down-line track area are spatially independent.
[0007] Preferably, the up-line track area and the down-line track area are both located in independent tunnels and are respectively connected to the station hall area.
[0008] Preferably, the track area and the station hall area are set up independently, and the two are connected by a connecting channel.
[0009] Preferably, the connecting channels include: an upline connecting channel that connects the upline track area of the track area and the station hall area; and a downline connecting channel that connects the downline track area of the track area and the station hall area; wherein the upline connecting channel and the downline connecting channel are independently provided and are directly connected to each other and / or connected through the station hall area.
[0010] Preferably, the longitudinal section of the subway station is L-shaped or concave.
[0011] Preferably, the track area of the subway station is located on the short side of the L-shape or in the middle recess of the concave shape.
[0012] Preferably, the longitudinal section of the station hall area is rectangular, and the station hall area includes: a station hall level located at the top of the station hall area; a vertical lifting space located at the bottom of the station hall level; and an equipment area located in the space at the bottom of the station hall level excluding the vertical lifting space.
[0013] According to the second aspect of this application, a construction method for a subway station is proposed, which includes: (1) excavating a foundation pit and constructing a station hall area; (2) constructing the up line track area and the down line track area of the track area; (3) connecting the station hall area and the track area; wherein the up line track area and the down line track area are arranged vertically aligned or staggered vertically.
[0014] Preferably, in this construction method, step (2) includes: first constructing a tunnel in the lowest layer of the upline track area or downline track area, and then constructing a tunnel in the upper layer of the downline track area or upline track area, wherein the upline track area and the downline track area are independently set up.
[0015] Preferably, in this construction method, step (3) includes: constructing a connecting channel from the station hall area to the track area, wherein the connecting channel is an independently constructed upline connecting channel and a downline connecting channel from the station hall area to the upline track area and the downline track area respectively; the upline connecting channel and the downline connecting channel are directly connected and / or connected through the station hall area.
[0016] In this application, the subway station concourse area is located on one or both sides of the track area. This not only facilitates passenger access to and from the subway station but also effectively saves longitudinal space during construction. It can reduce the overall excavation depth and structural height of the subway station and can be flexibly arranged according to the road construction boundary and pipeline distribution. The track areas for the up line and down line can adapt to complex underground construction conditions, improve the flexibility of the overall layout, and compress the lateral space of the subway station.
[0017] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description
[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application, and the illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a subway station with concourse areas on both sides of the track area as per this application.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a subway station with a concourse area on one side of the track area according to this application.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction steps of a subway station according to this application. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0022] Traditionally, subway stations are typically constructed with double-track areas within the same horizontal space or with an upper concourse area and a lower track area. However, in urban centers, due to the dense underground pipelines and limited construction conditions, it is difficult to provide sufficient horizontal and vertical construction space for subway station construction.
[0023] Therefore, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to this application, a subway station is proposed, comprising: a track area 1 for subway passage; and a concourse area 2 located on one or both sides of the track area 1 and connected to the track area 1 for passenger entry and exit from the subway station; wherein the track area 1 includes an up-line track area 11 and a down-line track area 12 aligned vertically with or staggered vertically with the up-line track area 11, and the up-line track area 11 and the down-line track area 12 are spatially independent.
[0024] The aforementioned station hall area 2 is located on one or both sides of the track area 1 in the horizontal space. The specific location can be determined according to the surrounding buildings and underground construction conditions. For example, if the surrounding buildings are dense and the road above the subway station is narrow, the station hall area 2 can be located on one side of the track area 1. In locations where the road above is wider, the station hall area 2 can be located on both sides of the track area 1, allowing passengers to choose the station hall area 2 to enter and exit the subway station as needed, thus increasing convenience.
[0025] The concourse area 2 is located to the side of the track area 1, avoiding direct construction of the concourse area 2 above the track area 1, thus saving longitudinal space in the subway station and reducing the overall excavation depth and structural height of the subway station construction. Secondly, in the narrow construction space, it can reduce conflicts between the track area 1 and the concourse area 2 and the existing pipelines and underground space construction boundaries.
[0026] In addition to the up and down lines, the aforementioned track area 1 also includes a platform.
[0027] On the one hand, the vertical alignment or staggered arrangement of the up-line and down-line track areas 12 can save the lateral space of the subway station and reduce the impact on buildings on both sides of the road. On the other hand, the independent spatial arrangement allows for flexible selection of the depth of track area 1 based on the elevation differences of underground pipelines, avoiding existing pipelines and construction red lines, reducing construction costs and shortening the construction period.
[0028] To allow the up-line track area 11 and the down-line track area 12 to be spatially independent and save space occupied by the transverse structure, preferably, both the up-line track area 11 and the down-line track area 12 can be located in independent tunnels and connected to the station hall area 2 respectively. During construction, the up-line track area 11 and the down-line track area 12 do not interfere with each other in terms of construction process and space, can bypass underground pipelines and construction red lines, and can be directly connected to the existing tunnel structure, which can save construction costs. Furthermore, the construction process has no impact on the space above the track area 1 or the ground.
[0029] To adapt to the complex underground environment of urban centers, preferably, the track area 1 and the station hall area 2 can be independently set up, and the two can be connected by a connecting passage. The independent spatial setting of the track area 1 and station hall area 2 effectively saves the longitudinal space occupied by the subway station. After construction is completed, a connecting passage is set up to connect the two. The station hall area 2 and track area 1 can be constructed independently. No foundation pit needs to be excavated on the ground above track area 1; only the foundation pit for station hall area 2 needs to be excavated, effectively saving the area of foundation pit excavation on the ground and minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment of the subway station.
[0030] To connect track area 1 and station hall area 2, preferably, the connecting passage may include: an up-line connecting passage 13, which connects the up-line track area 11 of track area 1 and the station hall area 2; and a down-line connecting passage 14, which connects the down-line track area 12 of track area 1 and the station hall area. The up-line connecting passage 13 and the down-line connecting passage 14 are independently configured, directly connected and / or connected through the station hall area 2. The independently configured connecting passages can be arranged according to the burial depth, location, and surrounding obstacles of the track area 1 being connected, avoiding large-scale excavation or underground structure adjustments to set up the connecting passages, thereby reducing the construction excavation area and minimizing the impact on surface traffic and existing buildings. The up-line connecting passage 13 and the down-line connecting passage 14 can be directly connected and / or connected through the station hall area 2 according to actual needs and the underground environment. The direct connection can be achieved by setting up a vertical elevator, escalator, and / or staircase.
[0031] To minimize the impact of subway stations on the surrounding environment and adapt to underground construction conditions in urban centers, the longitudinal cross-section of the subway station is preferably L-shaped or concave. The track area 1 of the subway station can be located on the shorter side of the L-shape or in the middle recess of the concave shape. The concourse area 2 is located on the longer side of the L-shape or on the two raised sides of the concave shape.
[0032] To facilitate passenger access to and from the subway station, the longitudinal section of the concourse area 2 is preferably rectangular. The concourse area 2 may include: a concourse level 21, located at the top of the concourse area 2; the concourse level 21 is used for passenger access and security checks; a vertical lifting space 22, located at the bottom of the concourse level 21 and connected to a connecting passage, connecting the concourse level 21 and the track area 1; elevators, escalators, stairs, etc., may be installed within the vertical lifting space 22; and an equipment area 23, located in the space at the bottom of the concourse level 21 excluding the vertical lifting space 22, to fully utilize the space within the concourse area 2 and minimize the lateral space occupied by the concourse area 2.
[0033] According to the second aspect of this application, a construction method for a subway station is proposed, which includes: (1) excavating a foundation pit and constructing the station hall area 2; (2) constructing the up-line track area and the down-line track area 12 of the track area 1; (3) connecting the station hall area 2 and the track area 1; wherein the up-line track area 11 and the down-line track area 12 are vertically aligned or vertically staggered. In step (1) above, after excavating the foundation pit using the open-cut method, the structure of the station hall area 2 is poured layer by layer.
[0034] Preferably, in this construction method, step (2) includes: first constructing the tunnel in the lowest-level upline track area 11 or downline track area 12, and then constructing the tunnel in the upper-level downline track area 12 or upline track area 11, wherein the upline track area 11 and downline track area 12 are independently set up. The tunnels in the upline track area 11 and downline track area 12 are constructed using the shield tunneling method. After the lowest-level tunnel is constructed, it is reinforced with internal steel supports before constructing the upper-level tunnel.
[0035] Preferably, in this construction method, step (3) includes: constructing a connecting passage from the station hall area to the track area 1, wherein the connecting passage is an independently constructed upline connecting passage 13 and a downline connecting passage 14 from the station hall area to the upline track area 11 and the downline track area 12 respectively; the upline connecting passage 13 and the downline connecting passage 14 are directly connected and / or connected through the station hall area. After using steel internal support for the tunnel located on the upper level, a connecting passage is constructed from the station hall area 2 to the lowest level tunnel, and the construction of the above connecting passage adopts the pipe jacking method.
[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the construction method for the aforementioned subway station is as follows: (1) Construct the retaining structure and excavate the foundation pit of the station hall area. Figure 3 (a) (2) The structure of the station hall area is poured layer by layer ( Figure 3 (b) (3) Using the shield tunneling method, excavate a tunnel that penetrates the lower-level upline track section 11 or downline track section 12. Figure 3 (c) (4) The downline track section 12 tunnel is reinforced with steel internal supports, and the tunnel that connects the upper upline track section 11 or the downline track section 12 is excavated. Figure 3 (d in the text)
[0037] (5) The tunnel of the upper-level up line track area 11 or down line track area 12 is reinforced with steel internal supports. The tunnel of the lower-level up line connecting passage 13 or down line connecting passage 14 is constructed from the station hall area 2 to the tunnel of the upper-level up line track area 11 or down line track area 12 using the pipe jacking method. The steel internal supports are removed in the pipe jacking area. Figure 3 (e in the text).
[0038] (6) A reinforced secondary lining is poured in the tunnel of the lower-level down-line track area 12 or the upper-level up-line track area 11, and the upper-level up-line connecting passage 13 or the lower-level down-line connecting passage 14 is constructed from the station hall area 2 to the tunnel of the upper-level up-line track area 11 or the lower-level down-line track area 12 using the pipe jacking method. The internal steel support is removed in the pipe jacking area. Figure 3 f in the middle.
[0039] (7) Construct a reinforced secondary lining in the tunnel of the upper-level up-line track area 11 or down-line track area 12. Figure 3 (h in the middle).
[0040] (8) Construct platforms and rail-top ventilation ducts in the track area 11 of the up line and the track area 12 of the down line.
[0041] Construction of internal structures and equipment such as stairs and escalators in the station hall area and connecting passages, and backfilling of the soil layer above the roof slab of the station hall area down to the ground.
[0042] The preferred embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. However, this application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of this application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this application.
[0043] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this application will not describe the various possible combinations separately.
[0044] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this application can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this application, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by this invention.
Claims
1. A subway station, characterized in that, The subway station includes: Track area (1), which is used for subway passage; Station hall area (2), which is located on one or both sides of the track area (1) and connected to the track area (1), is used for passengers to enter and exit the subway station; The track area (1) includes an upline track area (11) and a downline track area (12) that is vertically aligned with or staggered from the upline track area (11). The upline track area (11) and the downline track area (12) are spatially independent.
2. The subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The up-line track area (11) and the down-line track area (12) are both located in independent tunnels and are connected to the station hall area (1) respectively.
3. The subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The track area (1) and the station hall area (2) are both set up independently, and the two are connected by a connecting channel.
4. The subway station according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connection channel includes: Upward connecting channel (13) connects the upward track area (11) of the track area (1) and the station hall area (2); Downline connecting channel (14) connects the downline track area (12) of the track area (1) and the station hall area (2); The upline connection channel (13) and the downline connection channel (14) are independently set up, and they are directly connected and / or connected through the station hall area (2).
5. The subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal section of the subway station is L-shaped or concave.
6. The subway station according to claim 5, characterized in that, The track area (1) of the subway station is located on the short side of the L-shape or in the middle recess of the concave shape.
7. The subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal section of the station hall area (2) is rectangular, and the station hall area (2) includes: The concourse level (21) is located at the top of the concourse area (2); A vertical lifting space (22) is provided at the bottom of the concourse level (21); Equipment area (23) is located in the space at the bottom of the station hall level (21) excluding the vertical lifting space (22).
8. A construction method for subway stations, characterized in that, The construction method includes: (1) Excavate the foundation pit and construct the station hall area (2); (2) The up line track area (11) and down line track area (12) of the construction track area (1). (3) Connect the station hall area (2) and the track area (1); The upline track area (11) and the downline track area (12) are either vertically aligned or vertically misaligned.
9. The construction method for a subway station according to claim 8, characterized in that, In this construction method, step (2) includes: first constructing the tunnel in the lowest layer of the up line track area (11) or down line track area (12), and then constructing the tunnel in the upper layer of the down line track area (12) or up line track area (11). The up line track area (11) and the down line track area (12) are both independently set up.
10. The construction method for a subway station according to claim 8, characterized in that, In this construction method, step (3) includes: A construction connection channel is constructed from the station hall area (2) to the track area (1). The construction connection channel is an independent construction of an up line connection channel (13) and a down line connection channel (14) from the station hall area (2) to the up line track area (11) and the down line track area (12), respectively. The up line connection channel (13) and the down line connection channel (14) are directly connected and / or connected through the station hall area (2).