Model pile test loading device
By designing an angle adjustment mechanism and a limiting component for the model pile test loading device, the problems of single loading direction and insufficient stability were solved, and the flexible adjustment of the loading device and the improvement of test accuracy were realized, thus meeting the needs of model pile mechanical performance testing under complex working conditions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HENAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing model pile test loading devices have a single loading direction, are complicated to operate, have poor stability, and are not adaptable, which cannot meet the needs of mechanical performance testing of model piles under complex working conditions.
A loading device for model pile testing was designed, comprising a fixed base, a loading device, and an angle adjustment mechanism. The angle of the loading device is adjusted by the angle adjustment mechanism, and the loading device transmits the loading force through a limiting component. The pressure is detected by a pressure measuring mechanism, and the limiting component is used to prevent the model pile from shaking, thereby achieving multi-angle loading and improving the accuracy of the test.
It enables flexible angle adjustment and improved stability of the loading device, facilitates operation, enhances the practicality and accuracy of the test, and prevents the model pile from shaking during the loading process.
Smart Images
Figure CN122013823A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering technology, and specifically relates to a loading device for model pile testing. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering, pile foundations, as an important type of foundation, are widely used in various projects such as high-rise buildings, bridges, ports, and slope protection. Research on their bearing characteristics, deformation patterns, and failure modes is of great guiding significance for the safety and economy of engineering design. Model pile testing, as one of the core methods for studying the mechanical properties of pile foundations, allows for the convenient and efficient acquisition of stress and deformation data of pile foundations by constructing similar models in the laboratory to simulate the loads in actual engineering projects. This provides theoretical basis and experimental support for prototype pile design. The loading device, as the core equipment in model pile testing, directly determines the accuracy and reliability of the test data, and thus affects the scientific validity of the test conclusions, due to its flexibility in loading direction, loading accuracy, and stability.
[0003] Currently, existing model pile testing loading devices are mainly designed for specific loading directions and can be broadly categorized into three types: vertical loading devices, horizontal loading devices, and fixed-angle oblique loading devices. These current model pile testing loading devices suffer from technical shortcomings such as limited loading direction, cumbersome operation, poor stability, and weak adaptability, failing to meet the needs of mechanical performance testing of model piles under complex working conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a model pile testing loading device that can achieve precise and flexible adjustment of the loading direction, stable loading, and strong adaptability to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a loading device for model pile tests, which aims to solve the problems of current model pile test loading devices in the prior art, such as single loading direction, complicated operation, poor stability and weak adaptability.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a model pile test loading device, comprising: a fixed base and a loading device, wherein a through groove is provided at the bottom of the fixed base, a fixed ring is installed inside the through groove, the fixed ring is provided with an annular groove that runs vertically through, an angle adjustment mechanism is provided inside the annular groove, and the angle adjustment mechanism is connected to the loading device. The loading device is equipped with a limit component, and the angle adjustment mechanism can adjust the angle of the loading device relative to the model pile. The loading device can transfer the loading force to the model pile at different angles through the limit component. The fixed base has a drive groove, and a drive plate for placing the model pile is slidably installed inside the drive groove. The fixed base has a pressure measuring mechanism. The loading device applies pressure to the model pile through the limiting component. The model pile transmits the pressure to the pressure measuring mechanism through the drive plate. The pressure measuring mechanism detects the pressure.
[0006] As a model pile test loading device of the present invention, preferably, the limiting component includes a cover plate adapted to the model pile, an arc plate is installed on the cover plate, an arc groove is opened on the arc plate, an arc block is slidably installed inside the arc groove, and the loading device is connected to the arc block.
[0007] As a model pile test loading device of the present invention, preferably, the fixed base has a moving groove inside, the pressure measuring mechanism includes a pressure measuring block slidably disposed inside the moving groove, a pressure sensor is installed inside the moving groove, and a control panel is provided on the top of the fixed base, and the pressure sensor is signal connected to the control panel. The fixed base has a U-shaped groove inside. One end of the U-shaped groove is connected to the inside of the drive groove, and the other end of the U-shaped groove is connected to the inside of the moving groove. The inside of the U-shaped groove is filled with hydraulic oil.
[0008] As a model pile test loading device of the present invention, preferably, both the moving groove and the driving groove are cylindrical groove structures, and the diameter of the moving groove is half that of the driving groove.
[0009] As a model pile test loading device of the present invention, preferably, the angle adjustment mechanism includes an annular block rotatably installed inside the annular groove, a circular sleeve installed on the fixed ring, a driving component inside the circular sleeve, the driving component being used to drive the annular block to rotate, and an arc-shaped fixing block installed at the bottom of the annular block, the arc-shaped fixing block being connected to the loading device.
[0010] As a model pile test loading device of the present invention, preferably, the driving component includes a rotating shaft rotatably installed inside a circular sleeve, a worm gear mounted on the rotating shaft, worm teeth arranged in annular array on the outer circumferential surface of the annular block, and a connecting groove opened at the bottom of the circular sleeve, through which the worm gear meshes with the worm teeth.
[0011] As a model pile test loading device of the present invention, preferably, a rotating plate is installed at one end of the rotating shaft that extends out of the circular sleeve.
[0012] As a model pile test loading device of the present invention, preferably, the top of the fixed base is equipped with limit columns spaced apart on the left and right, the top of the limit columns is equipped with a fixed sleeve, and the fixed sleeve is provided with a limit member inside, the limit member is used to prevent the model pile from shaking.
[0013] As a model pile test loading device of the present invention, preferably, the limiting member includes a screw and a nut, the screw is disposed inside the fixed sleeve and extends in the left and right direction, the nut is rotatably installed on the fixed sleeve, the nut is threadedly connected to the screw, and an arc-shaped clamping plate is installed on the end of the screw facing the model pile.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This model pile test loading device can adjust the angle of the loading device through an angle adjustment mechanism. The loading device can transmit the loading force to the model pile at different angles through a limiting component. The model pile transmits the pressure to the pressure measuring mechanism through a drive plate. The pressure measuring mechanism detects the pressure, thereby detecting the loading force transmitted to the model pile by the loading device. It can realize multi-angle adjustment of the loading angle of the loading device, which is convenient to operate and improves the practicality of the device.
[0015] 2. This model pile test loading device has a driving nut, which drives the arc-shaped clamping plate to move towards the model pile via a screw. The two arc-shaped clamping plates can form a channel for the model pile to move up and down, thereby preventing the model pile from shaking during loading and improving the accuracy of the test. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA; Figure 4 This is a front view of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of BB.
[0017] In the diagram: 1. Fixed base; 2. Fixed ring; 3. Angle adjustment mechanism; 4. Loading device; 5. Limiting component; 6. Model pile; 10. Drive plate; 11. Cover plate; 12. Arc plate; 13. Arc block; 14. Pressure measuring block; 15. U-shaped groove; 16. Limiting post; 17. Fixed sleeve; 31. Ring block; 32. Circular sleeve; 33. Arc-shaped fixing block; 34. Worm gear; 35. Worm tooth; 51. Screw; 52. Nut; 53. Arc-shaped clamping plate. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0019] Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a loading device for a model pile test, comprising: a fixed base 1 and a loading device 4. The loading device 4 can be a telescopic device such as a hydraulic press, which is prior art and will not be described in detail here. The bottom of the fixed base 1 is provided with a through groove, and a fixed ring 2 is installed inside the through groove. The fixed ring 2 wraps the fixed base 1 inside the ring. The fixed ring 2 is provided with an annular groove that runs vertically through the ring. An angle adjustment mechanism 3 is provided inside the annular groove. The angle adjustment mechanism 3 is connected to the loading device 4. The angle adjustment mechanism 3 can adjust the pressure angle of the loading device 4 relative to the model pile 6.
[0020] The angle adjustment mechanism 3 includes an annular block 31 rotatably installed inside the annular groove, a circular sleeve 32 installed on the fixed ring 2, a connecting frame at the bottom of the circular sleeve 32, the circular sleeve 32 being connected to the fixed ring 2 through the connecting frame, a driving component inside the circular sleeve 32 for driving the annular block 31 to rotate, and an arc-shaped fixing block 33 installed at the bottom of the annular block 31, the arc-shaped fixing block 33 being connected to the loading device 4.
[0021] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The driving component includes a rotating shaft rotatably installed inside the circular sleeve 32, a worm gear 34 mounted on the rotating shaft, and worm teeth 35 arranged in annular array on the outer circumferential surface of the annular block 31. A connecting groove is provided at the bottom of the circular sleeve 32, and the worm gear 34 meshes with the worm teeth 35 through the connecting groove. A rotating plate is installed at one end of the rotating shaft that extends out of the circular sleeve 32.
[0022] Rotating the rotating plate causes the rotating shaft to rotate, which in turn causes the worm gear 34 to rotate. The worm gear 34 drives the annular block 31 to rotate inside the annular ring via the worm teeth 35. The annular block 31 drives the loading device 4 to rotate via the arc-shaped fixing block 33, thereby adjusting the angle of the loading device 4.
[0023] The loading device 4 is equipped with a limiting component. When the angle adjustment mechanism 3 adjusts the pressure angle of the loading device 4 on the model pile 6, the loading device 4 can transmit the loading force to the model pile 6 at different angles through the limiting component. The limiting component includes a cover plate 11 adapted to the model pile 6. An arc plate 12 is installed on the cover plate 11. An arc groove is opened on the arc plate 12. An arc block 13 is slidably installed inside the arc groove. The loading device 4 is connected to the arc block 13.
[0024] Please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 3 When the angle adjustment mechanism 3 adjusts the angle of the loading device 4, the loading device 4 drives the arc block 13 to move inside the arc groove. At the same time, the cover plate 11 is connected to the top of the model pile 6, so that the loading device 4 can apply the loading force to the model pile 6 through the arc block 13.
[0025] The fixed base 1 has a drive groove, and a drive plate 10 for placing the model pile 6 is slidably arranged inside the drive groove. The fixed base 1 has a pressure measuring mechanism. The loading device 4 applies pressure to the model pile 6 through the limiting component. The model pile 6 transmits the pressure to the pressure measuring mechanism through the drive plate 10. The pressure measuring mechanism detects the pressure.
[0026] The fixed base 1 has a moving groove inside. The pressure measuring mechanism includes a pressure measuring block 14 that is slidably installed inside the moving groove. A pressure sensor is installed inside the moving groove. The fixed base 1 has a control panel on top. The pressure sensor is connected to the control panel. The fixed base 1 has a U-shaped groove 15 inside. One end of the U-shaped groove 15 is connected to the inside of the drive groove. The other end of the U-shaped groove 15 is connected to the inside of the moving groove. The U-shaped groove 15 is filled with hydraulic oil. Both the moving groove and the drive groove are cylindrical slot structures, and the diameter of the moving groove is half that of the drive groove.
[0027] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 5 The loading device 4 applies a loading force to the model pile 6. Under the action of the loading force, the model pile 6 drives the drive plate 10 to move downward. The drive plate 10 drives the pressure measuring block 14 to move downward through hydraulic oil. The pressure measuring block 14 comes into contact with the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor detects the pressure on the pressure measuring block 14 and transmits the detected data to the control panel. The pressure on the pressure measuring block 14 can be obtained by reading the data on the control panel.
[0028] According to Pascal's Law (pressure applied to a closed liquid is transmitted from the liquid in all directions without change), since both the moving groove and the driving groove are cylindrical slot structures, and the diameter of the moving groove is half that of the driving groove, the force-bearing area of the moving groove is half that of the driving groove. According to Pascal's Law F=P×S (force = pressure × area of action), the pressure on the pressure measuring block 14 is half of the loading force on the model pile 6. Therefore, the actual loading force on the model pile 6 is twice the pressure on the pressure measuring block 14.
[0029] Limiting posts 16 are installed at intervals on the top left and right of the fixed base 1. A fixed sleeve 17 is installed on the top of the limiting posts 16. A limiting component 5 is provided inside the fixed sleeve 17 to prevent the model pile 6 from shaking. The limiting component 5 includes a screw 51 and a nut 52. The screw 51 is located inside the fixed sleeve 17 and extends in the left and right direction. The nut 52 is rotatably installed on the fixed sleeve 17 and is threadedly connected to the screw 51. An arc-shaped clamping plate 53 is installed at the end of the screw 51 facing the model pile 6. A protective pad (not shown in the figure) is provided at the end of the arc-shaped clamping plate 53 facing the model pile 6 to prevent the model pile 6 from being damaged.
[0030] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 Rotating nut 52 drives screw 51 to move towards model pile 6, which in turn moves arc-shaped clamping plate 53 towards model pile 6. During this movement, arc-shaped clamping plate 53 remains horizontal and does not rotate with screw 51. This is existing technology and will not be elaborated further. The two arc-shaped clamping plates 53 form a circular channel for the model pile 6 to move up and down smoothly. The arc-shaped clamping plates 53 contact the outer circumference of model pile 6 but do not clamp it tightly.
[0031] Please see Figure 1-5 Working principle: In use, the model pile 6 is placed on the drive plate 10, and the nut 52 is rotated at the same time. The nut 52 drives the screw 51 to move in the direction of the model pile 6. A circular channel for the model pile 6 to move up and down is formed by two arc-shaped clamping plates 53, allowing the model pile 6 to move up and down smoothly.
[0032] Then, cover plate 11 is placed on top of model pile 6, and rotating plate is rotated. Rotating plate drives rotating shaft to rotate, rotating shaft drives worm gear 34 to rotate. Worm gear 34 drives annular block 31 to rotate inside the annulus through worm teeth 35. Annular block 31 drives loading device 4 to rotate through arc-shaped fixing block 33, thereby adjusting the angle of loading device 4. Then loading device 4 is started.
[0033] The loading device 4 applies a loading force to the model pile 6 through the cover plate 11. Under the action of the loading force, the model pile 6 drives the drive plate 10 to move downwards. The drive plate 10 drives the pressure measuring block 14 downwards through hydraulic oil, and the pressure measuring block 14 comes into contact with the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor detects the pressure on the pressure measuring block 14 and transmits the detected data to the control panel. By reading the data on the control panel, the pressure on the pressure measuring block 14 can be determined. Since the pressure on the pressure measuring block 14 is half of the loading force on the model pile 6, the actual loading force on the model pile 6 can be determined.
[0034] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and not by the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A loading device for a model pile test, comprising: The fixed base and the loading device are characterized in that the bottom of the fixed base is provided with a through groove, a fixed ring is installed inside the through groove, the fixed ring is provided with an annular groove that runs vertically through it, an angle adjustment mechanism is provided inside the annular groove, and the angle adjustment mechanism is connected to the loading device. The loading device is equipped with a limit component, and the angle adjustment mechanism can adjust the angle of the loading device relative to the model pile. The loading device can transfer the loading force to the model pile at different angles through the limit component. The fixed base has a drive groove, and a drive plate for placing the model pile is slidably installed inside the drive groove. The fixed base has a pressure measuring mechanism. The loading device applies pressure to the model pile through the limiting component. The model pile transmits the pressure to the pressure measuring mechanism through the drive plate. The pressure measuring mechanism detects the pressure.
2. The model pile test loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component includes a cover plate adapted to the model pile, an arc plate is installed on the cover plate, an arc groove is opened on the arc plate, an arc block is slidably installed inside the arc groove, and the loading device is connected to the arc block.
3. The model pile test loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed base has a movable groove inside, the pressure measuring mechanism includes a pressure measuring block that is slidably disposed inside the movable groove, a pressure sensor is installed inside the movable groove, and a control panel is provided on the top of the fixed base, with the pressure sensor connected to the control panel via signal. The fixed base has a U-shaped groove inside. One end of the U-shaped groove is connected to the inside of the drive groove, and the other end of the U-shaped groove is connected to the inside of the moving groove. The inside of the U-shaped groove is filled with hydraulic oil.
4. The model pile test loading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both the moving slot and the driving slot are cylindrical slot structures, and the diameter of the moving slot is half that of the driving slot.
5. The model pile test loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism includes an annular block rotatably mounted inside an annular groove. A circular sleeve is mounted on the fixed ring, and a driving component is provided inside the circular sleeve to drive the annular block to rotate. An arc-shaped fixing block is mounted at the bottom of the annular block and is connected to the loading device.
6. The model pile test loading device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving component includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted inside a circular sleeve, a worm gear mounted on the rotating shaft, and worm teeth arranged in a ring on the outer circumference of the annular block. A connecting groove is provided at the bottom of the circular sleeve, through which the worm gear meshes with the worm teeth.
7. The model pile test loading device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A rotating plate is installed at one end of the rotating shaft that extends out of the circular sleeve.
8. The model pile test loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting posts are installed at intervals on the left and right sides of the top of the fixed base. A fixing sleeve is installed on the top of the limiting post. A limiting component is provided inside the fixing sleeve to prevent the model pile from shaking.
9. A model pile test loading device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting component includes a screw and a nut. The screw is disposed inside the fixed sleeve and extends in the left-right direction. The nut is rotatably mounted on the fixed sleeve and is threadedly connected to the screw. An arc-shaped clamping plate is installed on the end of the screw facing the model pile.