Low energy building envelope structure and method with evaporative cooling and air gap

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building skin, and provides a low-energy-consumption building skin structure and method based on evaporation cooling and air interlayer cooperation. The structure comprises a load-bearing wall, a porous material plate and a wind control frame; the wind control frame is connected with the load-bearing wall, and the porous material plate is connected with the load-bearing wall through a conduction assembly; the wind control frame comprises a frame body, an adjusting piece and a driving piece, the adjusting piece is connected with the driving piece; the adjusting piece can be opened or closed relative to the frame body under the driving of the driving piece; when the adjusting piece is opened relative to the frame body, an air duct is formed between the porous material plate and the load-bearing wall. The application forms a composite structure through the load-bearing wall, the porous material plate and the wind control frame with rotatable louver blades, utilizes the evaporation cooling and air interlayer ventilation cooperation mechanism, realizes dynamic heat insulation and passive energy saving of the building skin, can reduce the air conditioning energy consumption compared with a traditional envelope structure, simultaneously reduces the load of the outer skin structure, and can solve the technical problems that the ventilation volume of an existing building skin structure cannot be adjusted and the water storage structure increases the vertical load of the curtain wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building skin technology, and in particular to a low-energy building skin structure and method that combines evaporative cooling with an air gap. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation is an important research topic in the field of building facade technology. In the construction industry, energy conservation refers to achieving internal cooling with lower energy consumption in summer and internal heating with lower energy consumption in winter, while reducing the amount of external heat entering the building in summer and reducing the amount of heat loss from the building in winter.

[0003] In existing technologies, building energy conservation is mainly achieved through low-energy building maintenance systems. For example, Chinese invention patent CN101698997B discloses a box-type double-layer curtain wall that utilizes evaporative cooling via a water storage tank. This system collects rainwater and air conditioning condensate by installing a water storage tank at the lower end of the curtain wall's exhaust vents. The water is then sprayed onto the inner surface of the curtain wall via gravity spray pipes, reducing the temperature of the inner surface through evaporative cooling and minimizing indoor heat. Simultaneously, it achieves graded recycling of water resources without additional power consumption, combining energy and water conservation with improved indoor comfort. However, while cavity ventilation enhances evaporation, the ventilation volume is completely unadjustable. Excessive ventilation results in insufficient evaporation of the sprayed water before it is carried away by the airflow, while insufficient ventilation leads to low evaporation efficiency and poor cooling. Furthermore, the water storage tank and its weight increase the vertical load on the system, affecting the strength and stability of the curtain wall support structure, leading to unsatisfactory practical application results. Further improvements are urgently needed.

[0004] Therefore, this invention application provides a low-energy building skin structure and method that combines evaporative cooling and air gap synergy, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a low-energy building skin structure and method that combines evaporative cooling with an air gap to solve the technical problems of existing building skin ventilation volume being unadjustable and water storage structures increasing the vertical load on the curtain wall.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a low-energy building skin structure that combines evaporative cooling with an air gap, comprising: a load-bearing wall, a porous material panel, and an air control frame; the air control frame is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wall, and the porous material panel is connected to the load-bearing wall via a conductive component; the air control frame includes a frame body, an adjusting component, and a driving component, the adjusting component and the driving component being connected; the adjusting component, driven by the driving component, can open or close relative to the frame body, and when the adjusting component is open relative to the frame body, an air duct is formed between the porous material panel and the load-bearing wall.

[0007] Preferably, the porous material plate has capillary pores with water absorption and retention capacity on an outer surface away from the load-bearing wall; the porosity of the capillary pores is 10% to 35%, and the average pore diameter is 0.1 to 150 micrometers.

[0008] Preferably, the porous material board is one of porous ceramic board, porous concrete, porous sintered brick, fiber cement board, and water-absorbing polymer-based composite board.

[0009] Preferably, the conductive component includes a conductive element, one end of which is fixedly connected to a load-bearing wall and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a porous material plate.

[0010] Preferably, the conductive component includes a first connector and a second connector. One end of the first connector is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wall, and the other end is provided with a first adjustment part. One end of the second connector is fixedly connected to the porous material plate, and the other end is provided with a second adjustment part. The first connector and the second connector are connected through the first adjustment part and the second adjustment part to adjust the distance between the porous material plate and the load-bearing wall.

[0011] Preferably, the second connector further includes a first connecting portion, and the second adjusting portion is fixedly connected to the first connecting portion; the first connecting portion is provided with a first fixing section, and the porous material plate is provided with a corresponding second fixing section; the second connector is connected to the porous material plate through the first fixing section and the second fixing section; adjacent porous material plates are connected through the first fixing section.

[0012] Preferably, the porous material plate is provided with a second fixing section and a third fixing section, and adjacent porous material plates are connected through the second fixing section and the third fixing section.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting member is connected to the load-bearing wall or frame via rotatable louvers.

[0014] Preferably, the low-energy building skin structure further includes an insulation layer, which is disposed on the side of the load-bearing wall near the porous material board.

[0015] Preferably, a waterproof layer is provided on the side of the insulation layer near the porous material board.

[0016] Preferably, the low-energy building skin structure further includes a water storage component, which includes a water storage tank and a water supply pipeline. The water storage tank is located on the top of the roof or load-bearing wall, and the water supply pipeline is located on the top of the frame and is arranged along the length direction to cover the porous material plate in the length direction. The water supply pipeline is provided with a number of water outlet holes facing the porous material plate.

[0017] Preferably, a control valve is installed on the water supply pipeline.

[0018] Preferably, the low-energy building skin structure further includes a controller and sensors, the sensors including indoor sensors and outdoor sensors; the indoor sensors, outdoor sensors and driving components are all electrically connected to the controller; the controller can acquire the parameters input by the sensors and output control signals to control the opening and closing degree of the adjusting component relative to the frame.

[0019] Preferably, the outdoor sensors include a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor located outside the frame, a water level sensor located inside the water tank, and a wind speed sensor located between the load-bearing wall and the porous material board; the indoor sensors include at least a temperature sensor.

[0020] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for controlling a low-energy building skin structure with evaporative cooling and air gap coordination as described in any of the preceding claims, the method comprising:

[0021] Acquire a first temperature collected by an outdoor sensor and a second temperature collected by an indoor sensor, compare the first temperature and the second temperature, and obtain a first comparison result;

[0022] The first temperature is compared with a preset first threshold to obtain a second comparison result;

[0023] Determine the current operating condition based on the first and second comparison results;

[0024] When the operating condition is summer, the controller controls the adjusting parts at both ends of the preset channel to open relative to the frame;

[0025] When the operating condition is winter, the controller controls the adjusting parts at both ends of the preset channel to close relative to the frame.

[0026] Preferably, the step of determining the current operating condition based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result includes:

[0027] When the first temperature is greater than the second temperature, the current operating condition is determined to be the summer operating condition;

[0028] When the first temperature is lower than the second temperature, the current operating condition is determined to be a winter operating condition.

[0029] When the first temperature is equal to the second temperature and the first temperature is greater than the first threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be the summer operating condition.

[0030] When the first temperature equals the second temperature and the first temperature is less than the first threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be a winter operating condition.

[0031] Preferably, the step of the controller controlling the adjusting components at both ends of the preset channel to open relative to the frame when the working condition is summer includes:

[0032] Determine whether the first temperature is greater than the second threshold.

[0033] If so, then obtain the humidity data collected by the outdoor sensor and the wind speed data in the air gap;

[0034] Based on the humidity and wind speed data, determine whether the current environment meets the preset evaporation conditions and identify the target preset channel;

[0035] If the conditions are met, the sensing data of the water level sensor in the water storage tank is obtained, and it is determined whether the sensing data is greater than the preset data value.

[0036] If so, the control valve is opened to supply water to the porous material plate corresponding to the target preset channel through the water supply pipeline, and the initial opening and closing parameters are obtained by comparing the wind speed data with the preset wind speed and adjustment component opening and closing relationship curve.

[0037] The controller controls the adjusting components at both ends of the target preset channel to adjust to the corresponding opening degree according to the initial opening and closing parameters;

[0038] After the adjustment component is activated, the real-time wind speed within the target preset channel is continuously acquired, and the corresponding opening degree is corrected when the real-time wind speed deviates from the preset wind speed range.

[0039] If the sensed data is less than or equal to the preset data value, the controller controls the control valve to close, sends a warning to the terminal, and controls the adjusting parts at both ends of the target preset channel to adjust to the corresponding opening degree.

[0040] If the first temperature is less than the second threshold, then the target preset channel is determined, the wind speed data in the air layer is obtained, and the wind speed data is compared with the preset wind speed and adjustment component opening and closing relationship curve to obtain the initial opening and closing parameters.

[0041] The controller controls the adjusting components at both ends of the target preset channel to adjust to the corresponding opening degree according to the initial opening and closing parameters, and corrects the corresponding opening degree when the real-time wind speed deviates from the preset wind speed range.

[0042] Beneficial effects:

[0043] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a low-energy building skin structure that combines evaporative cooling and air gap ventilation. The low-energy building skin structure includes: a load-bearing wall, a porous material panel, and a wind control frame. The wind control frame is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wall, and the porous material panel is connected to the load-bearing wall via a conductive component. The wind control frame includes a frame body, an adjusting component, and a driving component, with the adjusting component and the driving component connected. Driven by the driving component, the adjusting component can open or close relative to the frame body. When the adjusting component is open relative to the frame body, an air duct is formed between the porous material panel and the load-bearing wall. This technical solution uses a composite structure composed of a load-bearing wall, a porous material panel with capillary pores, and a wind control frame with rotatable louvers. Utilizing the synergistic mechanism of evaporative cooling and air gap ventilation, it achieves dynamic heat insulation and passive energy saving of the building skin. Compared with traditional building envelope structures, it can reduce air conditioning energy consumption and reduce the load on the outer skin structure, while also possessing the advantages of intelligent control and environmental adaptability. It can solve the technical problems of existing building skin structures having unadjustable ventilation and water-storage structures increasing the vertical load on the curtain wall.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can determine the current operating condition by acquiring the current temperature data of the sensor, and adjust the opening and closing of the adjustment component according to the current operating condition to achieve the adjustment of the ventilation volume of the building skin structure. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, and these are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a low-energy building skin structure that combines evaporative cooling and air interlayer coordination in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-energy building skin structure with evaporative cooling and air gap coordination in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-energy building skin structure with evaporative cooling and air gap coordination in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the load-bearing wall and the porous material plate in a low-energy building skin structure with evaporative cooling and air gap coordination in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Parts and component numbers in the diagram:

[0052] 1. Load-bearing wall; 2. Perforated material board; 20. Second fixed section; 3. Air control frame; 4. Adjustable component; 5. Insulation layer; 6. Conductive component; 60. First connector; 61. Second connector. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, the element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. Where there is no conflict, embodiments of the present invention and the various features thereof can be combined with each other, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] It should be noted that the low-energy building skin structure of the present invention, which combines evaporative cooling and air interlayer synergy, belongs to a type of low-energy building envelope structure; it can build an energy interaction interface between the indoor and outdoor environments of a building to reduce the energy consumption of building heating, cooling and ventilation, and is a technical carrier for realizing low-energy building operation.

[0055] During the actual research and development process, the inventors discovered that existing low-energy building facade structures typically fall into two categories. The first is a single-layer solid envelope structure, such as traditional concrete exterior walls, aerated concrete block exterior walls, and solid brick walls. These typically have an external insulation layer and a finishing layer on the outside. In summer, under solar radiation, the external surface temperature rises, transferring heat into the interior through conduction and radiation, creating significant cooling load pressure. In summer, this type of structure usually involves direct solar radiation heating of the exterior wall surface, transferring heat into the interior through heat conduction. Lacking the buffering effect of an air gap, the heat transfer path is short, leading to increased indoor cooling load. Air conditioning energy consumption is generally higher than with double-layer envelope structures. Furthermore, at night, the heat stored in the wall is slowly released, continuously dissipating heat into the interior, affecting the nighttime natural cooling effect. In winter, the thermal resistance of a single solid structure mainly depends on the wall thickness, easily forming a thermal bridge effect, leading to localized heat loss. The second type is a curtain wall with only an air gap, i.e., a structure where the external panels and walls are connected by a keel system. The outer panels of this type of structure are all made of dense materials, lacking water storage and evaporation capabilities. After absorbing solar radiation, the panels heat up significantly, transferring heat to the interior through a combination of radiation and conduction. Heat transfer is primarily mitigated by insulation materials; airflow can only remove some convective heat, lacking an active cooling mechanism. To address these technical issues, existing solutions typically involve installing water storage tanks on the outer skin to collect rainwater and air conditioning condensate. This water is then sprayed onto the skin via gravity spray pipes, utilizing the evaporative cooling effect of water combined with cavity ventilation to lower the temperature of the inner skin and reduce indoor heat. However, while cavity ventilation enhances evaporation, the ventilation volume is completely unadjustable. Excessive ventilation results in insufficient evaporation of the sprayed water before it is carried away by the airflow, while insufficient ventilation leads to low evaporation efficiency and poor cooling. Furthermore, the water storage tanks and their weight increase the vertical load on the system, affecting the strength and stability of the curtain wall support structure, ultimately leading to poor practical application results.

[0056] Therefore, this invention provides a low-energy building skin structure and method that combines evaporative cooling and air interlayer synergy. Through the synergistic mechanism of evaporative cooling of porous material plate 2, air interlayer ventilation, and intelligent wind control, active heat insulation and passive energy saving of the building skin are achieved, thereby solving the technical problems in the prior art where the ventilation volume of the building skin cannot be adjusted and the water storage structure increases the vertical load on the curtain wall. The following will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0057] It should be further explained that, in this embodiment of the invention, a six-story office building located in a hot summer and cold winter region is selected as the object, and its south-facing facade is designed and constructed using the low-energy building skin structure of the present invention that combines evaporative cooling and air gap.

[0058] Please see Figures 1 to 4One embodiment of the present invention provides a low-energy building skin structure that combines evaporative cooling and air gap synergy, comprising: a load-bearing wall 1, a porous material board 2, and an air control frame 3; the air control frame 3 is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wall 1, and the porous material board 2 is connected to the load-bearing wall 1 through a conductive component 6; the air control frame 3 includes a frame body, an adjusting component 4, and a driving component, the adjusting component 4 and the driving component being connected; the adjusting component 4, driven by the driving component, can open or close relative to the frame body, and when the adjusting component 4 is open relative to the frame body, an air duct is formed between the porous material board 2 and the load-bearing wall 1.

[0059] In this embodiment, a composite structure is formed by a load-bearing wall 1, a porous material plate 2 with capillary pores, and a wind control frame 3 with rotatable louvers. By utilizing the synergistic mechanism of evaporative cooling and air interlayer ventilation, dynamic heat insulation and passive energy saving of the building skin are achieved. Compared with traditional building envelope structures, it can reduce air conditioning energy consumption and reduce the load on the outer skin structure. It also has the advantages of intelligent control and environmental adaptability. It can solve the technical problems of the inability to adjust the ventilation volume of the existing building skin structure and the increase of vertical load on the curtain wall due to the water storage structure.

[0060] In the above embodiment, the load-bearing wall 1 is the basic load-bearing structure of the building skin, providing stable support for the air control frame 3 and the porous material plate 2, ensuring the stability of the coordinated operation of each component; at the same time, it serves as one side boundary of the air gap, forming a ventilation duct space together with the porous material plate 2. The porous material plate 2 is the structural carrier for realizing the evaporative cooling function, capable of removing heat through surface moisture evaporation; it also constitutes the outer boundary of the air gap, guiding airflow through the duct to accelerate the evaporation process. The air control frame 3 can fix the adjusting component 4 and the driving component; it also forms the outer frame of the duct, providing an inlet and outlet for the air, ensuring the stable operation of the adjusting component 4. The adjusting component 4 controls the opening and closing of the duct and the air volume through opening and closing actions, cooperating with the driving component to achieve adjustment, thereby enabling the switching of modes according to environmental needs. The driving component provides power to the adjusting component 4 to achieve automatic opening and closing control. The conductive component 6 is used to connect the porous material plate 2 and the load-bearing wall 1, maintain the distance between them, form a stable air layer duct, and provide suitable space for airflow and evaporative cooling; at the same time, it transmits structural loads, ensures the installation stability of the porous material plate 2, and some of the heat on the porous material plate 2 can also be transferred to the load-bearing wall 1 through the conductive component 6.

[0061] It should be noted that the adjusting component 4 and the driving component can also be directly installed on the load-bearing wall 1, as long as the adjusting component 4 can open or close relative to the frame under the drive of the driving component. Understandably, in summer, the adjusting component 4 opens relative to the frame under the action of the driving component to form an air duct, accelerating the evaporation of moisture from the porous material board 2 and carrying away heat; in winter, the adjusting component 4 closes to block airflow, forming a static insulation layer 5 in the air gap. Compared to traditional building envelope structures, this design can reduce overall air conditioning energy consumption while improving indoor comfort and the flexibility of building facade design.

[0062] In the above embodiments, summer rainfall is relatively abundant, and the porous material plate 2 receives wind-driven rainwater from the natural environment and stores water. The driving component drives the adjusting component 4 to open, and the air duct formed by the air gap and the frame provides an airflow environment, which, together with solar radiation, improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the building skin. In winter, rainfall is relatively scarce, and the driving component drives the adjusting component 4 to close, making the air gap relatively closed. A relatively fixed air pressure and low wind speed are formed in the air gap, which can suppress the internal evaporation process to a certain extent.

[0063] Specifically, in the above embodiments, the driving component can be a motor. The adjusting component 4 can be an openable sunroof or a casement window.

[0064] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the porous material plate 2 has capillary pores with water absorption and storage capacity on an outer surface away from the load-bearing wall 1; the porosity of the capillary pores is 10% to 35%, and the average pore diameter is 0.1 to 150 micrometers.

[0065] In this embodiment, porosity refers to the proportion of capillary volume to the surface volume of the porous material plate 2. The pore size is 0.1 to 150 micrometers, ensuring both the high efficiency of the capillary effect and preventing excessive moisture loss. The uniform distribution of capillaries on the porous material plate 2 allows moisture to form a thin water film on the surface, which lowers the surface temperature of the porous material plate 2 during evaporation. A porosity of 10% to 35% provides ample water storage space and avoids a decrease in structural strength due to excessive pore size, ensuring that the compressive strength of the porous material plate 2 still meets the mechanical performance requirements of the building's exterior walls.

[0066] Furthermore, the 0.1 to 5 micrometer-sized capillaries can reduce the embedding of dust particles in the air, making it easier for rainwater to wash away surface dirt.

[0067] In the above embodiments, with a precisely designed porosity of 10%-35% and an average pore size of 0.1 to 150 micrometers, the capillaries can actively absorb and store water, reduce the building surface temperature through evaporative cooling, and enhance the energy-saving effect in conjunction with the ventilation of the air gap.

[0068] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the porous material plate 2 is one or more of porous ceramic board, porous concrete, porous sintered brick, fiber cement board and water-absorbing polymer-based composite board.

[0069] In this embodiment, the porous terracotta panel is a porous ceramic slab made primarily from natural clay, such as clay, feldspar, and quartz. It is produced through batching, extrusion molding, and drying, followed by sintering at temperatures above 1200℃. The internal structure forms a uniform and interconnected microporous structure, which can accommodate capillary water absorption. It integrates decorative and functional properties, exhibiting relatively high durability. Using terracotta panels as the porous material panel 2 is beneficial to the service life of the porous material panel 2. For example, the porous ceramic panel can be a Ruigao ecological terracotta panel or a Lafarge terracotta curtain wall panel. Porous concrete, also known as aerated concrete or foamed concrete, is produced by introducing foaming agents or air-entraining agents into the concrete mixture to form a large number of tiny air bubbles, followed by autoclaving or natural curing. It is divided into autoclaved aerated concrete (ALC) and foamed concrete, with a porosity between 15% and 30%. Porous concrete combines structural strength with thermal insulation performance, is easy to construct, and has low raw material costs. Porous sintered bricks are porous bricks made from clay, shale, and coal gangue, etc., through molding, drying, and high-temperature (900-1100℃) sintering. They have numerous open or semi-open pores with a porosity between 15% and 30%. This material has good breathability, can regulate indoor humidity, and is readily available and relatively inexpensive. Fiber cement board is a porous material made from cement as a base material, reinforced with fibers (glass fiber, plant fiber, asbestos, etc.), molded, and high-pressure cured. Its porosity is between 10% and 25%. Fiber cement board uses superabsorbent polymer (SAP) as its core functional material, combined with cement, gypsum, or lightweight aggregates. By controlling the pore structure, it forms a functional board with a porosity of 10%-30% and an average pore size of 0.1-2 micrometers. It has ultra-high water absorption and storage capacity, and its lightweight design reduces building load.

[0070] Furthermore, the outer surface of the porous material plate 2 is provided with an uneven texture to enhance the ability of rainwater to stay on the surface and penetrate. Specifically, the texture can be set by avoiding capillary sandblasting or by creating grooves.

[0071] It is understood that the porous material board 2 can be a combination of porous ceramic panels, porous concrete, porous sintered bricks, fiber cement boards, and water-absorbing polymer-based composite boards. For example, in actual use, the porous material board 2 can be a combination of porous ceramic panels and fiber cement boards.

[0072] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the conductive component 6 includes a conductive element, one end of which is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wall 1 and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the porous material plate 2.

[0073] In this embodiment, the conductive element is used to connect the load-bearing wall 1 and the porous material board 2, thereby forming an air gap between the load-bearing wall 1 and the porous material board 2. It is understood that this embodiment does not limit the specific shape of the conductive element; it only needs to connect the load-bearing wall 1 and the porous material board 2, fixing the porous material board 2 to the load-bearing wall 1 via the conductive element. For example, the conductive element can be a Z-shaped steel block, with both ends connected to the load-bearing wall 1 and the conductive element via Z-shaped bolts.

[0074] In this embodiment, the distance between the porous material plate 2 and the load-bearing wall 1 is 80 mm. The 80 mm air gap is a highly efficient thermal insulation barrier. The thermal resistance of the air gap increases to a certain extent with the increase of thickness. The thermal resistance of the 80 mm gap can achieve the thermal insulation effect when the adjusting component 4 is closed, effectively reducing the loss of indoor heat through the exterior wall in winter and reducing heating energy consumption.

[0075] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the conductive member includes a first connector 60 and a second connector 61. One end of the first connector 60 is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wall 1, and the other end is provided with a first adjustment part. One end of the second connector 61 is fixedly connected to the porous material plate 2, and the other end is provided with a second adjustment part. The first connector 60 and the second connector 61 are connected through the first adjustment part and the second adjustment part to adjust the distance between the porous material plate 2 and the load-bearing wall 1.

[0076] In this embodiment, the first and second adjusting parts cooperate to adjust the distance between the load-bearing wall 1 and the porous material plate 2. Specifically, the first connecting member 60 and the second connecting member 61 can be L-shaped structural blocks, and the first and second adjusting parts can be provided with multiple mutually compatible through holes, which are connected to different hole positions by bolts to achieve distance adjustment.

[0077] In the above embodiments, the use of split connectors and bidirectional adjustment parts enables precise and flexible control of the distance between the porous material board 2 and the load-bearing wall 1, as well as improved installation, structural safety, and ease of maintenance, thus enhancing the performance of the low-energy building skin system.

[0078] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the first adjusting part can be a slide rail with oval holes on both sides and a groove in the middle, and the second adjusting part can be a slider with an insertion hole at the end. The slider is disposed in the slide rail, and a pin passes through the oval hole on one side, the insertion hole, and the oval hole on the other side in sequence to achieve relative sliding of the first adjusting part and the second adjusting part. An electric push rod can be disposed in the slide groove, with one end of the push rod fixedly connected to the end of the second adjusting part. The electric push rod is electrically connected to the control system to realize the function of automatically adjusting the distance between the porous material plate 2 and the load-bearing wall 1.

[0079] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the second connector 61 further includes a first connecting portion, and the second adjusting portion is fixedly connected to the first connecting portion; the first connecting portion is provided with a first fixing section, and the porous material plate 2 is provided with a corresponding second fixing section 20; the second connector 61 is connected to the porous material plate 2 through the first fixing section and the second fixing section 20; adjacent porous material plates 2 are connected through the first fixing section.

[0080] In this embodiment, the first connecting part can be a connecting plate, and the second adjusting part can be an L-shaped structure, with the short side of the L-shape fixed to the large surface of the connecting plate by bolts. The first fixing section can be a protrusion on the top and bottom planes of the connecting plate. The second fixing section 20 can be a groove that matches the protrusion; the second connecting member 61 is engaged with the porous material plate 2 through the protrusion and the groove.

[0081] It is understandable that protrusions are provided on the left and right sides of the connecting block, and grooves are provided on the corresponding sides of the porous material plate 2. The two are connected by the protrusions and the grooves.

[0082] It should be noted that traditional panels are mostly fixed at a single point with bolts, resulting in a small contact area and stress concentration. This makes them prone to loosening and detachment due to building vibrations, wind loads, thermal expansion and contraction, or long-term use, severely impacting structural safety and the stability of capillary evaporative cooling. Furthermore, each panel requires individual positioning and drilling, leading to complex on-site procedures and difficulty in controlling precision. Replacing a single panel during maintenance requires removing surrounding connectors, which can damage the connection structure between adjacent panels, resulting in time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly processes. Additionally, different materials, such as terracotta panels and concrete panels, and different thicknesses of panels require custom-made connectors, resulting in low standardization, increased production and construction costs, and hindering large-scale promotion. Therefore, in the above embodiment, by setting up a first fixing section and a second fixing section 20, using embedded or mortise-and-tenon joints, the contact area is increased, and the load is evenly transferred to the second connector 61. This solves the problems of panel cracking due to single-point stress, loose connectors, difficulty in installation, and the technical challenges of incompatible connection of panels of different materials.

[0083] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the porous material plate 2 is provided with a second fixing section 20 and a third fixing section, and adjacent porous material plates 2 are connected through the second fixing section 20 and the third fixing section.

[0084] It should be noted that in this embodiment, when the first connecting part is not provided, the second connecting member 61 can be directly connected to the large surface of the porous material plate 2; the second fixing section 20 on one side of the porous material plate 2 can be a protrusion, and the third fixing section on the opposite side can be a groove, and two adjacent porous material plates 2 can be directly engaged with the protrusion through the groove.

[0085] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the adjusting member 4 is connected to the load-bearing wall 1 or the frame via rotatable louvers.

[0086] In this embodiment, the adjusting member 4 can be mounted on the load-bearing wall 1 via louvers, and its opening and closing can be achieved by driving the adjusting member 4 via a driving member. Alternatively, the adjusting member 4 can be mounted on the frame via louvers, and its opening and closing can be achieved by driving the adjusting member 4 via a driving member.

[0087] In the above embodiments, the adjusting member 4 can be an electric push rod, which is connected to the end of the adjusting member 4 away from the louver. The electric push rod extends and retracts to realize the opening and closing of the adjusting member 4.

[0088] Furthermore, two adjusting components 4 can be set up. The two adjusting components 4 are connected to the load-bearing wall 1 and the frame through louvers, and different electric push rods are connected to the adjusting components 4 respectively.

[0089] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the frame is provided with a sliding hole along the direction away from the load-bearing wall 1, and the two side walls of the sliding hole are provided with sliding grooves. The adjusting member 4 is disposed in the sliding groove. The driving member is disposed on the load-bearing wall 1, and one end is connected to the adjusting member 4. Under the drive of the driving member, the adjusting member 4 can slide along the sliding groove to extend or retract from the sliding hole, thereby realizing the opening and closing function of the adjusting member 4.

[0090] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the low-energy building skin structure further includes an insulation layer 5, which is disposed on the side of the load-bearing wall 1 near the porous material board 2. A waterproof layer is disposed on the side of the insulation layer 5 near the porous material board 2.

[0091] In this embodiment, the insulation layer 5 is disposed between the load-bearing wall 1 and the waterproof layer, which can block the heat transfer path to a certain extent and achieve thermal environment isolation between the inside and outside of the building. By setting the insulation layer 5, the heat conduction from the indoors to the outside through the load-bearing wall 1 can be reduced in winter, maintaining a stable indoor temperature and reducing the energy consumption of the heating system; in summer, it blocks outdoor solar radiation heat and high-temperature air from entering the room through the load-bearing wall 1, and together with the evaporative cooling of the porous material board 2 and the ventilation and heat dissipation of the air gap, the cooling load of the air conditioning is reduced.

[0092] In the above embodiments, the waterproof layer is disposed between the insulation layer 5 and the air gap, which can protect the insulation layer 5 and the load-bearing wall 1 from water vapor erosion without affecting the ventilation of the air gap.

[0093] Please see Figures 1 to 4In one embodiment, the low-energy building skin structure further includes a water storage component, which includes a water tank and a water supply pipeline. The water tank is located on the top of the roof or load-bearing wall 1, and the water supply pipeline is located on the top of the frame and extends along its length to cover the porous material plate 2. The water supply pipeline has several outlet holes facing the porous material plate 2. A control valve is provided on the water supply pipeline.

[0094] In this embodiment, the water storage tank is used to store water, which can be rainwater collected from the roof or artificially replenished water. The water storage tank provides a continuous and stable water source for the evaporative cooling of the porous material board 2. Furthermore, the water storage tank is directly installed on the roof or load-bearing wall 1, rather than on the frame, thus not increasing the load on the outer skin and not affecting the operation of the porous material board 2. The water supply pipeline is installed along the length of the frame, completely covering the porous material board 2, ensuring that each porous material board 2 receives a balanced water supply and preventing evaporative cooling failure due to water shortage in localized areas. The control valve is connected to the control system and can automatically control the water supply based on parameters such as outdoor temperature, humidity, and light intensity in different seasons. For example, in summer, when the temperature exceeds 30°C on sunny days, the water supply is activated to enhance cooling.

[0095] In the above embodiments, the water storage component achieves gravity-fed water supply through a water storage tank on the roof or top of the load-bearing wall 1. It relies on the full-coverage water supply pipeline set up on the frame and the water outlet holes that are precisely oriented towards the porous material plate 2 to distribute water evenly. With the help of the control valve, it can intelligently adjust as needed, continuously and stably ensure the supply of evaporative cooling water to the porous material plate 2, greatly enhance the passive cooling efficiency to reduce building energy consumption, and at the same time achieve multiple technical effects of rainwater resource utilization.

[0096] Understandably, the water supply pipeline can also be set up with multiple branches according to the arrangement of the air control frame 3 to cover all the porous material plates 2.

[0097] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the low-energy building skin structure further includes a controller and sensors, the sensors including indoor sensors and outdoor sensors; the indoor sensors, outdoor sensors and driving components are all electrically connected to the controller; the controller can acquire the parameters input by the sensors and output control signals to control the opening and closing degree of the adjusting component 4 relative to the frame.

[0098] In this embodiment, the controller integrates multi-source data and outputs control commands. For example, it receives and analyzes real-time parameters from indoor and outdoor sensors, matches them with a preset control method, and sends electrical signals to the drive component to control the opening and closing degree of the adjusting component 4. When the conductive component is an electric push rod adjustment structure, the controller can also adjust the distance between the porous material plate 2 and the load-bearing wall 1. It should be noted that since multiple porous material plates 2 are usually installed, in actual use, when multiple porous material plates 2 are installed, the conductive component is preferentially installed using fasteners and adjustment holes, rather than being controlled by the controller. When the number of conductive components is less than 10, the controller is used for installation. Simultaneously, the controller can automatically start and stop the control valve based on the outdoor temperature.

[0099] In the above embodiments, the outdoor sensor is used to collect parameters such as outdoor temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall, and can transmit outdoor thermal environment and meteorological data to the controller in real time, serving as the basis for controlling the regulating component 4 and the control valve. For example, it can trigger the ventilation mode when there is high temperature and strong radiation in summer, and trigger the heat preservation mode when there is low temperature in winter. The indoor sensor is used to collect parameters such as indoor temperature and relative humidity, and can optimize the control logic based on indoor needs.

[0100] It should be noted that the controller system's power supply can be connected to the indoor power supply via wiring to ensure the normal operation of the controller, sensors, and actuators. Alternatively, the power supply can be provided by a battery in conjunction with photovoltaic modules.

[0101] In one embodiment, the outdoor sensor includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor disposed outside the frame, a water level sensor located inside the water tank, and a wind speed sensor located between the load-bearing wall 1 and the porous material plate 2; the indoor sensor includes at least a temperature sensor.

[0102] In the above embodiments, a temperature sensor located outside the frame is used to collect outdoor temperature data. A humidity sensor located outside the frame is used to collect outdoor humidity data. A temperature sensor located inside the frame is used to collect indoor temperature data. A wind speed sensor located between the load-bearing wall 1 and the porous material board 2 can be fixed to the load-bearing wall 1 to collect wind speed data within the air duct formed between the load-bearing wall 1 and the porous material board 2.

[0103] Please see Figure 5 To provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the contents disclosed in this invention, this invention also provides a method for controlling a low-energy building skin structure with evaporative cooling and air gap coordination as described in any of the preceding claims, the method comprising:

[0104] Acquire a first temperature collected by an outdoor sensor and a second temperature collected by an indoor sensor, compare the first temperature and the second temperature, and obtain a first comparison result;

[0105] In this embodiment, the outdoor ambient temperature and indoor temperature are determined by a first temperature collected by an outdoor sensor and a second temperature collected by an indoor sensor. In actual work and life, air conditioning is usually needed to lower the indoor temperature in summer; heating is usually needed indoors by using radiators or burning gas. That is, in summer, the outdoor temperature is usually higher than the indoor temperature, and heat flows from the outside to the inside, while in winter the opposite is true. Therefore, the current operating conditions can be determined by the temperature difference between the outdoor and indoor environments, which facilitates the control of the regulating component 4 according to the operating conditions.

[0106] The first temperature is compared with a preset first threshold to obtain a second comparison result;

[0107] It should be noted that in some cases, outdoor temperature has limitations compared to indoor temperature. Introducing a first threshold avoids unreasonable judgments caused by abnormal indoor temperatures. Specifically, the first threshold is a preset judgment threshold used to distinguish the current operating conditions. This first threshold can be preset according to system operating requirements and remains unchanged during system operation. By comparing the first temperature collected by the outdoor sensor with the first threshold, it is determined whether the current environment is more suitable for evaporative cooling enhancement mode or natural ventilation mode. It is understood that in actual use, the first threshold is set manually, and the appropriate threshold can be set according to the specific season.

[0108] Determine the current operating condition based on the first and second comparison results;

[0109] When the working condition is summer, the controller controls the adjustment parts 4 at both ends of the preset channel to open relative to the frame;

[0110] Specifically, opening the adjustment component 4 relative to the frame allows the adjustment component 4 at the top exhaust vent of each layer of the facade to be in the open state, and the corresponding adjustment component 4 at the bottom air inlet to be in the open state. Opening the adjustment component 4 relative to the frame also allows the adjustment component 4 at the left air inlet to be in the open state, and the corresponding adjustment component 4 at the right air outlet to be in the open state. By controlling the opening of the corresponding adjustment components 4, a ventilation channel can be formed between the bottom layers. In summer, when rainfall is frequent, the impact of wind and rain on the south-facing facade is more significant. During rainfall, the porous material board 2 will accumulate rainwater on its surface and in some internal gaps. After the rainfall ends, as external solar radiation increases, the porous material board 2 absorbs radiation, and the internal water begins to evaporate. During the evaporation process, a large amount of latent heat is absorbed, causing the temperature of the porous material board 2 to decrease. Meanwhile, the air near the inner side of the porous material plate 2 becomes less dense under the action of heating and humidification. The air usually floats upward and rises along the air gap. It continuously draws in relatively cold and dry outdoor air from the lower air inlet and finally discharges it at the top air outlet. This can remove some of the hot and humid air and enhance the convective heat transfer and evaporation rate of the porous material plate 2, so that the evaporative cooling process is more complete.

[0111] When the working condition is winter, the controller controls the adjustment parts 4 at both ends of the preset channel to close relative to the frame.

[0112] In this embodiment, during the heating season or the season with no cooling demand, such as from November to March of the following year, all the adjusting parts 4 are closed relative to the frame, leaving only ventilation openings such as connection gaps between the entire load-bearing wall 1 and the porous material panel 2. With the closure of the air inlets and outlets, the air in the air gap tends to be still or only has weak convection. The layer thickness between the entire load-bearing wall 1 and the porous material panel 2 is controlled at 80mm. At this time, the air layer acts as an additional thermal resistance layer. In winter, rainfall and air humidity are relatively low, and the water storage capacity inside the porous terracotta panel decreases significantly, and the evaporation process is naturally suppressed. At this time, the terracotta panel mainly participates in the thermal balance of the enclosure through heat absorption by solar radiation and heat transfer through conduction and radiation with the air layer. Since the air in the air layer is basically sealed, its convective heat transfer coefficient is significantly reduced, and cold air from the outside can no longer easily penetrate into the insulation layer 5 and the vicinity of the main wall along the air gap, thereby effectively reducing the impact of low external temperature on the indoor cooling load.

[0113] In one embodiment, the step of determining the current operating condition based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result includes:

[0114] When the first temperature is greater than the second temperature, the current operating condition is determined to be the summer operating condition;

[0115] In this embodiment, the ventilation and heat dissipation mode is triggered by the typical living environment characteristics of outdoor heat and indoor cooling, that is, the controller controls the adjustment component 4 to open relative to the frame.

[0116] When the first temperature is lower than the second temperature, the current operating condition is determined to be a winter operating condition.

[0117] In this embodiment, the closed insulation mode is triggered by the typical living environment characteristics of cold outdoors and the need for heat preservation indoors, that is, the controller controls the adjustment component 4 to close relative to the frame.

[0118] When the first temperature is equal to the second temperature and the first temperature is greater than the first threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be the summer operating condition.

[0119] In this embodiment, even if the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature are temporarily equal, the outdoor temperature has already reached the summer threshold, indicating that it is a summer environment and ventilation and heat dissipation preparations are needed.

[0120] When the first temperature equals the second temperature and the first temperature is less than the first threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be a winter operating condition.

[0121] In this embodiment, the outdoor temperature is below the winter threshold, indicating that it is a winter environment and needs to be kept in a closed and insulated state.

[0122] It should be noted that, in actual use, the first threshold of this low-energy building skin structure, which combines evaporative cooling with an air gap, is set manually based on the current season.

[0123] In one embodiment, the step of the controller controlling the adjusting members 4 at both ends of the preset channel to open relative to the frame when the working condition is summer includes:

[0124] Determine whether the first temperature is greater than the second threshold.

[0125] In this embodiment, the first temperature refers to the ambient temperature collected by the outdoor sensor, and the second threshold is a high-temperature judgment boundary preset by the control system, used to distinguish between ordinary summer environments and high-temperature environments requiring enhanced evaporative cooling. Specifically, the controller first receives the temperature signal output by the outdoor temperature sensor, and then compares it with internally stored threshold parameters. By comparing the first temperature and the second threshold, graded energy-saving control can be achieved based on the outdoor temperature, further leveraging the synergistic effect of evaporative cooling and natural ventilation. This allows the system to promptly enter an enhanced regulation state when the high-temperature load is large, and maintain a more moderate operating mode when the temperature has not yet reached the high-temperature level, avoiding unnecessary water supply and excessive ventilation, thus balancing energy saving and control accuracy. When the first temperature is greater than the second threshold, it indicates that the current temperature is a sustained high temperature or an extreme high temperature, such as an ambient temperature greater than 35 degrees Celsius.

[0126] If so, the humidity data collected by the outdoor sensor and the wind speed data in the air gap are obtained; based on the humidity data and wind speed data, it is determined whether the current environment meets the preset evaporation conditions, and the target preset channel is determined.

[0127] In the above embodiment, humidity data reflects the moisture content of the outside air, and wind speed data in the air gap reflects the flow state within the air duct between the load-bearing wall 1 and the porous material board 2. Specifically, after the controller completes the temperature determination, it immediately calls the humidity sensor outside the frame and the wind speed sensor arranged in the air gap to read the data at the corresponding time and synchronously store or send it to the judgment module.

[0128] In the above embodiments, the preset evaporation conditions are a combination of conditions pre-set within the system to facilitate enhanced evaporation operation. These conditions include at least humidity and wind speed. Humidity conditions characterize the outdoor air's ability to absorb moisture from the evaporation surface, while wind speed conditions characterize the airflow within the air gap to promptly remove the evaporated water vapor from the surface. For example, humidity should be below a certain range, and wind speed should be within a range conducive to airflow and moisture evaporation. The target preset channel is the specific channel currently selected for priority adjustment among multiple ventilation channels. Specifically, the controller matches the current humidity and wind speed values ​​with the preset conditions to determine whether the outside air still has sufficient moisture absorption capacity and whether effective airflow can be formed within the air gap. Combining this with the channel layout and current operating status, the controller determines the target preset channel from among multiple preset channels that requires focused water supply and opening / closing adjustment in this round. Through these steps, the system no longer operates the entire building facade simultaneously but precisely selects and regulates appropriate channels based on environmental conditions, helping to improve the utilization efficiency of evaporative cooling resources.

[0129] If the conditions are met, the sensing data of the water level sensor in the water storage tank is obtained, and it is determined whether the sensing data is greater than the preset data value.

[0130] In this embodiment, the data from the water level sensor reflects the current remaining water volume in the storage tank, while the preset data value corresponds to the minimum water level standard required for the system to stably implement water supply evaporation control. During operation, after confirming that the target preset channel and evaporation conditions are met, the controller does not directly open the control valve. Instead, it first reads the real-time liquid level signal from the water level sensor in the storage tank and compares this signal with the minimum operating water level to determine whether there is sufficient water to continue supplying water. These steps prevent the system from blindly starting evaporative cooling when water volume is insufficient, avoiding problems such as water supply interruption, insufficient wetting of the plates, or control logic disorder. They also provide a basis for subsequent abnormal warnings and degraded operation. After confirming the target preset channel, the controller controls the corresponding control valve to open, allowing water from the storage tank to flow through the water supply pipeline to the porous material plate in the corresponding area. During water supply, the water outlets on the water supply pipeline are distributed along its length to ensure that the water flow covers the surface of the porous material plate in the corresponding area. The controller can employ either continuous or intermittent water supply. The intermittent water supply method includes a water supply phase and a water stop phase. The water supply phase is used to create a continuously wetted area on the surface of the porous material plate, while the water stop phase utilizes the water absorption and storage capacity of the capillaries to allow surface moisture to diffuse further into the plate and be continuously released during subsequent evaporation. The controller can also adjust the opening duration and frequency of the control valve based on the area, orientation, real-time wind speed, and water absorption performance of the porous material plate corresponding to the target preset channel. This prevents insufficient water supply leading to inadequate wetting or excessive water supply leading to increased surface runoff. By fully covering the plate surface with water and coordinating with on-demand water supply, a more uniform evaporation interface can be formed on the surface of the porous material plate, thereby improving evaporative cooling efficiency.

[0131] If so, the control valve is opened to supply water to the porous material plate 2 corresponding to the target preset channel through the water supply pipeline, and the initial opening and closing parameters are obtained by comparing the wind speed data with the preset wind speed and adjustment component 4 opening and closing relationship curve.

[0132] The controller controls the adjusting pieces 4 at both ends of the target preset channel to adjust to the corresponding opening degree according to the initial opening and closing parameters;

[0133] In this embodiment, the control valve is an opening and closing component installed on the water supply pipeline, used to control whether water in the water storage tank can enter the corresponding area. The porous material plate 2 is the core carrier for implementing capillary water absorption and evaporative heat dissipation. The wind speed and the opening / closing relationship curve of the regulating component 4 are used to characterize the appropriate opening / closing state of the regulating component 4 under different wind speed conditions. Specifically, after confirming that the water level is sufficient, the controller opens the control valve, allowing water to be transported along the water supply pipeline to the porous material plate 2 corresponding to the target preset channel, so that its surface or pore area obtains the water required for evaporation. At the same time, based on the currently detected wind speed value, the corresponding opening / closing parameters are retrieved from the preset relationship curve as the initial basis for the subsequent actions of the regulating component 4.

[0134] Specifically, the controller, based on the initial opening and closing parameters, implements the calculated control results into the specific actuators. The opening degree of the regulating component 4 directly determines the air intake, exhaust, and flow intensity in the air gap. The controller outputs control signals to the drive component based on the initial opening and closing parameters, driving the regulating components 4 at both ends to rotate, slide, or open synchronously or at a set rhythm, achieving an opening and closing state corresponding to the current wind speed conditions, thereby constructing an airflow path suitable for the current target preset channel operation. Through the above steps, abstract parameter judgments can be transformed into executable structural actions, matching the airflow strength with the current evaporation requirements of the porous material plate 2, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and adjustment accuracy.

[0135] After the adjustment component 4 is activated, the real-time wind speed in the target preset channel is continuously acquired, and the corresponding opening degree is corrected when the real-time wind speed deviates from the preset wind speed range.

[0136] In this embodiment, real-time wind speed refers to the actual airflow velocity formed in the duct after the regulator 4 completes its initial action. The preset wind speed range is the target wind speed range that the system considers suitable for the current operating conditions. During actual operation, due to changes in external natural wind, duct resistance, and plate evaporation state, the initial opening degree may not always maintain the optimal effect. Therefore, the controller needs to continuously read the wind speed data in the target preset duct. Once it detects that the real-time wind speed is too high or too low, it readjusts the opening degree of the regulator 4 to bring it back to the appropriate range. Through the above steps, the original feedforward control can be upgraded to dynamic control with feedback correction, which can improve the stability of duct operation and make the evaporative cooling effect more continuous and balanced.

[0137] If the sensed data is less than or equal to the preset data value, the controller controls the control valve to close, sends a warning to the terminal, and controls the adjusting parts 4 at both ends of the target preset channel to adjust to the corresponding opening degree.

[0138] In this embodiment, when the aforementioned water level sensing data falls below the minimum operating requirements, it indicates that the water storage tank can no longer support a stable water supply. If the system continues to maintain the evaporation enhancement mode, it is prone to insufficient wetting of the panels, discontinuous operation, or even control failure. Therefore, the controller will immediately close the control valve, cut off the water supply, and send an early warning to the terminal to remind the management to replenish water or perform maintenance. On this basis, the system does not completely stop, but continues to adjust the opening and closing of the regulating components 4 at both ends of the target preset channel to maintain a certain ventilation and regulation capacity of the building skin. Through the above steps, the system can still maintain basic ventilation and heat dissipation functions under abnormal operating conditions, avoiding the failure of the entire skin control caused by a single water supply failure, thereby improving overall reliability and continuous operation capability.

[0139] If the first temperature is less than the second threshold, then the target preset channel is determined, the wind speed data in the air layer is obtained, and the wind speed data is compared with the preset wind speed and the opening and closing relationship curve of the regulating component 4 to obtain the initial opening and closing parameters.

[0140] In the above embodiments, the controller directly determines the target preset channel that needs to be regulated based on the current operating conditions, collects wind speed data for that area, and then matches the wind speed value with a preset relationship curve to obtain the initial opening and closing parameters suitable for the current channel operation, without first activating water supply control. Through these steps, the system can flexibly select the control intensity according to the environmental load, prioritizing ventilation regulation when high-temperature enhancement conditions are not met, reducing water consumption and the frequency of water supply system operations, and enhancing operational economy.

[0141] The controller controls the adjusting members 4 at both ends of the target preset channel to adjust to the corresponding opening degree according to the initial opening and closing parameters, and corrects the corresponding opening degree when the real-time wind speed deviates from the preset wind speed range.

[0142] Specifically, the initial control quantity is first generated according to the relationship curve, and then corrected based on the actual wind speed results after operation, thereby ensuring that the ventilation state under normal summer conditions remains within a range suitable for heat dissipation from the building's surface. The controller controls the action of adjustment component 4 based on the initial opening and closing parameters, creating a ventilation state in the air gap that matches the current heat load. Subsequently, real-time wind speed is continuously monitored, and the opening and closing degree is adjusted again when wind speed deviates, to address fluctuations in ambient wind speed and changes in local channel resistance. Through these steps, the natural ventilation effect under normal summer conditions is ensured to be more stable, and the system maintains good adjustment accuracy and energy-saving performance without activating water supply enhancement.

[0143] In one embodiment, the step of determining whether the current environment meets the preset evaporation conditions based on the humidity data and wind speed data, and determining the target preset channel, includes:

[0144] Obtain wind speed data corresponding to multiple preset channels;

[0145] Specifically, wind speed data reflects the airflow state in various preset channels. Its magnitude is influenced not only by external natural wind conditions but also by building orientation, height, channel resistance, the arrangement of adjacent components, and the current status of the regulating components. The controller can acquire current wind speed values ​​for multiple channels through wind speed acquisition units located inside each preset channel, at channel entrances, channel exits, or corresponding monitoring locations. These wind speed values ​​are then associated and stored according to channel number or spatial location. To improve accuracy, the acquired instantaneous wind speeds can be filtered, averaged, or have outliers removed before generating valid wind speed data for each preset channel.

[0146] Based on the degree of similarity between the wind speed data corresponding to each preset channel and the preset wind speed range, the preset channels are sorted to obtain a preset channel priority sequence;

[0147] In this embodiment, the preset wind speed range refers to the target wind speed interval that meets the requirements of evaporative cooling coordinated operation. When the wind speed is too low, the heat transfer between the air and the porous material plate is weak, which is not conducive to the release of latent heat of evaporation. When the wind speed is too high, it may disrupt the thermal and moisture balance within the air layer, or even cause the system to deviate from its suitable operating state. Therefore, the controller needs to compare the current wind speed status of each preset channel with this target interval and establish a priority order based on the degree of similarity.

[0148] Specifically, the system first determines whether the wind speed of a particular channel falls within a preset wind speed range. If it does, the channel has a higher priority. If not, it continues to compare its distance from the upper and lower boundaries of the target range to identify which channels are more likely to be brought into the appropriate range through subsequent fine-tuning. After the comparison is completed, the controller generates a preset channel priority sequence, allowing the channels with higher priority to participate in the trial operation verification. Through the above steps, the multi-channel candidate set can be organized into an ordered queue, reducing the scope of subsequent blind trials.

[0149] According to the preset channel priority sequence, the preset channels that are ranked first are selected as the channels to be run.

[0150] In this embodiment, the channel to be run is not the final channel that has been determined, but rather a candidate channel that is currently entering the verification process. The controller selects channels sequentially according to a preset channel priority sequence, which means that the system prioritizes verifying the channel that is closest to the target wind speed conditions, rather than opening all channels simultaneously or randomly selecting a channel for testing.

[0151] It should be noted that if multiple channels are simultaneously open or partially open, flow field coupling between channels may occur. This means that the wind speed change in a particular channel is no longer entirely determined by its own conditions, but is also influenced by the pressure distribution and airflow diversion of other channels. Therefore, selecting channels sequentially allows each channel to be tested in a relatively independent state, thus ensuring that subsequent real-time wind speed feedback better reflects the channel's true response. These steps not only facilitate the controller's elimination of unsuitable candidates but also provide a clearer selection criterion for the final target channel, improving system controllability and selection accuracy.

[0152] Control the adjusting components at both ends of the channel to be operated to open to the initial opening degree, and obtain the real-time wind speed in the channel to be operated;

[0153] The initial opening degree is either a pre-set uniform opening degree or a predicted opening degree determined based on the historical operating data of the channel to be operated, the current external environmental parameters, and the wind speed data of the channel to be operated.

[0154] In this embodiment, the initial opening degree is the initial control quantity applied by the controller to the regulating components during the trial operation phase, used to observe the actual operating performance of different channels under relatively uniform boundary conditions. After the controller issues the adjustment command, the regulating components at both ends of the channel are driven to open, and air begins to flow along the channel to be operated under the action of pressure difference, thermal pressure, or external wind force. At this time, the real-time wind speed in the channel can be acquired to verify whether the channel can form the required airflow conditions in the actual open state. To ensure data validity, the controller can delay for a short time window after the regulating components reach the target opening degree before starting to read the real-time wind speed, or use continuous sampling and extraction of representative values ​​to complete the current state identification. Through this processing, the system transforms the previous priority ranking into actual operational verification, making the selection of the target channel based on feedback after actual opening, thus better reflecting the real operating conditions.

[0155] If the real-time wind speed is within the preset wind speed range, then the channel to be operated is determined as the target preset channel;

[0156] In this embodiment, the target preset channel refers to the channel that has been formally selected by the system for subsequent evaporative cooling operation under the current environmental conditions and current adjustment state. The real-time wind speed being within the preset wind speed range indicates that the channel to be operated has already formed an airflow state that meets the requirements for evaporative operation after being opened to the corresponding initial opening degree; therefore, there is no need to continue trying other candidate channels.

[0157] Specifically, the controller compares the collected real-time wind speed with the upper and lower limits of the preset wind speed range. If the real-time wind speed falls within the range, the channel is deemed to meet the requirements, and the current channel search process ends. Afterward, the target preset channel can continue to participate in subsequent humidity-linked control, opening fine-tuning, or evaporative cooling operation control. Through these steps, a channel that has already achieved the appropriate wind speed requirement in its current operating state is ensured, thus guaranteeing the stability and actual operating effect of the evaporative cooling process. This also reduces energy consumption and control fluctuations caused by subsequent channel switching.

[0158] If the real-time wind speed is not within the preset wind speed range, then the next preset channel is selected from the preset channel priority sequence as a new channel to be run, until the target preset channel is determined;

[0159] Understandably, while a channel may be ranked high in the initial priority sequence, this only indicates that its initial wind speed is closer to the target conditions; it does not guarantee that it will meet the requirements after actual operation. If the real-time wind speed still does not enter the preset wind speed range, it means that the current channel is not suitable as the final target preset channel under the current trial operation conditions. Therefore, the controller needs to continue selecting the next candidate channel along the already generated priority sequence.

[0160] Specifically, the controller can record the verification result of the current channel and mark it as a failed target in this round. It then reads the information of the next channel in the priority sequence and re-executes the adjustment activation and real-time wind speed detection process until a channel that meets the conditions is found. This process avoids reverting to a disordered search state after a single candidate fails, instead continuing systematically along the existing preferred path. This balances screening efficiency and selection accuracy, and enhances the coherence of the entire dynamic selection process.

[0161] If the real-time wind speed of the current channel to be operated is not within the preset wind speed range, then the adjustment components at both ends of the current channel to be operated are controlled to close or return to the preset reserved opening, and then the next preset channel is selected from the preset channel priority sequence as the new channel to be operated.

[0162] In this embodiment, the preset reserved opening is a relatively small opening state maintained when the channel is not currently the main operating channel. In this state, the channel does not undertake the main evaporation operation task, but still retains a certain basic connectivity. The reason for closing or restoring the current failed channel to the preset reserved opening before switching to the next channel is that if the current channel remains in a large open state, the internal and surrounding airflow will continue to affect the pressure distribution and airflow organization of the entire air gap, thereby interfering with the trial operation judgment of the next channel. The controller can choose to completely close the current channel or retain a small gap to maintain the basic stability of the overall air gap according to the system operation strategy. After completing the state rollback, the verification of the next candidate channel is started, which allows the new channel to be tested to be tested under a more independent and comparable airflow boundary. Through the above steps, the multi-channel screening process will not experience judgment crosstalk due to the residual open state of the previous channel, and the selection of the target channel is more reliable.

[0163] If the target preset channel is still not determined after traversing all preset channels according to the preset channel priority sequence, the preset channel with the highest priority is controlled as the default operating channel, and the opening of the adjustment components at both ends of it is further adjusted so that the wind speed in the default operating channel approaches the preset wind speed range.

[0164] In this embodiment, the default operating channel is not a channel that fully meets the conditions, but rather a candidate channel whose overall performance during this round of comparison and trial operation is closest to the target wind speed requirement. It is understandable that the channel ranked highest is prioritized as the default because it has already shown a basic state closest to the preset wind speed range in the initial comparisons, and therefore is more likely to be brought closer to the target range during subsequent adjustments to the opening.

[0165] Specifically, after selecting the default operating channel, the controller can gradually increase, gradually decrease, or make bidirectional corrections to the opening of its adjustment components in small steps, while continuously monitoring the wind speed change trend until the wind speed of that channel enters or approaches the preset wind speed range. Even in complex external wind environments and when all candidate channels fail to be found in the first trial run, the system can still maintain an operational state, rather than stopping control due to the failure to find a completely ideal channel.

[0166] In one embodiment, the step of sorting the multiple preset channels according to the proximity of the wind speed data corresponding to each preset channel to a preset wind speed range to obtain a preset channel priority sequence includes:

[0167] Calculate the deviation between the wind speed data corresponding to each preset channel and the boundary value of the preset wind speed range;

[0168] In this embodiment, the boundary values ​​correspond to the upper and lower limits of the preset wind speed range, while the deviation value is used to characterize how far the current wind speed of a preset channel is from the target range. For channels that are already within the preset wind speed range, the deviation value can be recorded as zero or the minimum value, indicating that the channel has met the target conditions; for channels below the lower limit, the deviation value can be determined by the difference between the current wind speed and the lower limit; for channels above the upper limit, the deviation value can be determined by the difference between the current wind speed and the upper limit.

[0169] Specifically, the controller reads the wind speed data of each channel one by one, and automatically selects the corresponding boundary value to calculate the deviation based on the location relationship of the wind speed, thereby transforming the originally difficult-to-compare multi-channel states into a unified numerical index. Through the above steps, the controller no longer relies on fuzzy judgments in subsequent sorting, but establishes priority relationships based on clear numerical magnitudes, thereby enhancing the clarity, programmability, and repeatability of the sorting rules.

[0170] The preset channels are sorted according to the magnitude of each deviation value. The smaller the deviation value, the higher the corresponding preset channel is in the order.

[0171] Understandably, the smaller the deviation value, the closer the current wind speed of the channel is to the target wind speed range. This also means that only a small opening correction or boundary adjustment is needed to make the channel meet the evaporation operation requirements. Therefore, it should be verified first.

[0172] Specifically, the controller can establish a mapping relationship between each channel identifier and its corresponding deviation value, then arrange them in ascending order of deviation value, ultimately outputting a preset channel priority sequence with order. If there are cases with the same deviation value, the ranking can be further refined by combining the channel's floor, orientation, historical stability, or other auxiliary parameters already existing in the system. Through this step, the multi-channel candidate set can be organized into a clear verification order, avoiding indiscriminate testing that wastes control resources, and making the subsequent channel-by-channel trial operation process more targeted and efficient.

[0173] In one embodiment, after the steps of controlling the adjusting members at both ends of the channel to be operated to open to the initial opening degree and obtaining the real-time wind speed in the channel to be operated, the method further includes:

[0174] The real-time wind speed in the channel to be operated is continuously collected within a preset stable time period;

[0175] In this embodiment, the preset stabilization time is an observation period reserved after the adjustment action is executed, in order to wait for the airflow in the channel to gradually transition from a disturbed state to a relatively stable state. During this period, the controller cannot only read the wind speed at a certain moment, but needs to continuously acquire a series of real-time wind speed values ​​that change over time, and form a wind speed change sequence corresponding to the channel to be operated.

[0176] Specifically, the wind speed acquisition unit can continuously upload data according to a preset sampling frequency. The controller records this data in time sequence and can simultaneously perform filtering, smoothing, or sliding window processing to reduce the impact of accidental noise. Understandably, phenomena such as short-term acceleration, local backflow, and external gust coupling that may occur when the regulator is first opened will not be mistaken for the channel's true stability capability. Instead, they are incorporated into the overall judgment through continuous observation, thus providing more sufficient data support for subsequent stability identification.

[0177] Based on the real-time wind speed changes within the preset stable time period, it is determined whether the wind speed in the channel to be operated has reached a stable state.

[0178] It should be noted that a steady state does not mean that the wind speed is absolutely constant, but rather that the wind speed fluctuations converge to within an acceptable range over a period of time, and there are no longer any significant large changes.

[0179] Specifically, the controller can calculate the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the wind speed sequence within a preset stable period, the variation amplitude of adjacent sampling points, the mean fluctuation, or other parameters characterizing the degree of stability, and compare them with the preset fluctuation threshold in the system. As long as the wind speed change is less than the set threshold, the channel to be operated can be considered to have reached a stable state.

[0180] After the wind speed reaches a stable state, the system determines whether the channel to be operated meets the preset wind speed range based on the real-time wind speed under the stable state.

[0181] Understandably, real-time wind speed under stable conditions is a better indicator of the channel's actual airflow capacity under continuous operating conditions than instantaneous wind speed at the initial opening stage.

[0182] Specifically, the controller can select the average wind speed during the stable phase, the representative value of the stable interval, or the real-time wind speed at the stable moment, and compare it with the upper and lower limits of the preset wind speed range. If the value is within the target range, it means that the channel to be operated not only has a suitable short-term response, but also meets the wind speed conditions required for evaporative cooling during the stable operation phase, so it can be used as the true target preset channel; if it still does not enter the target range, it will continue to be processed according to the aforementioned switching mechanism or default operation mechanism.

[0183] In one embodiment, the step of continuing to acquire the real-time wind speed within the target preset channel after the adjustment member is activated, and correcting the corresponding opening degree when the real-time wind speed deviates from the preset wind speed range, includes:

[0184] The opening degree of the adjusting component is initially corrected based on the deviation direction of the real-time wind speed from the preset wind speed range.

[0185] The deviation direction reflects the position of the real-time wind speed within the target preset channel relative to the preset wind speed range; that is, whether the current wind speed is below the lower limit or above the upper limit of the preset wind speed range. If the real-time wind speed is below the lower limit, it indicates that the airflow capacity within the target preset channel is insufficient, and the current opening degree has a weak guiding effect on the airflow. In this case, it is necessary to increase the opening degree of the adjustment component to improve the ventilation capacity of the channel. If the real-time wind speed is above the upper limit, it indicates that the airflow within the channel is too strong, and the current opening degree results in excessive flow capacity. In this case, the opening degree of the adjustment component should be reduced to prevent the wind speed from continuing to remain at an excessively high level.

[0186] Understandably, the initial correction is not a complete, final adjustment, but rather a tentative, directional correction based on the most direct trend of real-time wind speed being too low or too high. Specifically, the controller first reads the current real-time wind speed and compares it with the upper and lower limits of the preset wind speed range to determine whether to increase or decrease the opening. Then, it drives the adjustment mechanism according to the preset correction amount, proportional correction amount, or the initial correction amount obtained by combining the current deviation. Through these steps, a correction direction can be established immediately after the wind speed deviates from the target range, so that subsequent adjustments no longer remain at the passive monitoring level, but enter a dynamic adjustment state with clear feedback targets, capable of pulling the wind speed within the target preset channel back to a reasonable range.

[0187] Obtain the real-time wind speed after the initial correction and compare the trend of real-time wind speed changes before and after the initial correction;

[0188] Specifically, after completing the initial correction and waiting for the regulator to respond, the controller continues to collect new real-time wind speed values ​​from the target preset channel and compares these values ​​with the real-time wind speeds recorded before the correction. If the current wind speed deviation is low, it needs to determine whether the corrected wind speed increases and approaches the preset wind speed range; if the current wind speed deviation is high, it needs to determine whether the corrected wind speed decreases and converges to the preset wind speed range. To reduce misjudgments caused by short-term disturbances, the controller can also use continuous sampling, short-term average comparison, or slope judgment of multiple sampling points to identify the trend of change. Through the above steps, the entire opening and closing degree adjustment process can be transformed from unidirectional command-based adjustment to adaptive correction based on result feedback, avoiding situations where the regulator moves, but the correction direction, correction amount, or channel response characteristics do not actually bring about the target effect, thus helping to improve the accuracy of wind speed control.

[0189] If the real-time wind speed approaches the preset wind speed range, the current correction direction is maintained and the correction magnitude is reduced;

[0190] It should be noted that the correction increment is the step size for each adjustment of the regulator's opening and closing degree, and its magnitude directly affects the magnitude of wind speed changes and the stability of the system's regulation. When the real-time wind speed already shows a trend of approaching the preset wind speed range, it indicates that the current correction direction is correct. At this point, there is no need to change the regulation direction; instead, subsequent adjustments should continue along this direction. However, if the original large correction increment is maintained, it may cause the wind speed to overshoot when approaching the target range, causing the system to jump directly from a low wind speed deviation to a high wind speed deviation, or vice versa, thus causing regulation oscillations.

[0191] Therefore, after recognizing a convergence trend in wind speed, the controller can maintain the direction of increasing or decreasing the opening angle while appropriately reducing the step size of the next adjustment. This reduction can be achieved by decreasing the angle by a fixed percentage or by dynamically determining the step size based on the remaining deviation between the current wind speed and the boundary of the preset wind speed range. Through these steps, the controller can gradually transition from coarse to fine adjustment as it approaches the target state, allowing the real-time wind speed within the target preset channel to more smoothly enter the preset wind speed range. This reduces the risk of over-adjustment, improves the final control accuracy, and makes the entire adjustment process more consistent with the engineering control principle of rapid approach followed by fine convergence.

[0192] If the real-time wind speed does not approach the preset wind speed range, then maintain the current correction direction and increase the correction magnitude;

[0193] Specifically, after confirming that the corrected wind speed has not significantly moved closer to the target range, the controller maintains the original correction direction and appropriately increases the amplitude of the next opening / closing adjustment, making the adjustment action more forceful and thus improving the wind speed response amplitude. Increasing the correction amplitude can be achieved by increasing it in fixed increments, proportionally amplifying it, or increasing it in conjunction with the current deviation value. This allows the controller to automatically enhance the correction force based on the adjustment effect, avoiding prolonged lingering in a weak response state, improving wind speed adjustment efficiency, and enabling the target channel to recover to a suitable operating state more quickly.

[0194] If the real-time wind speed exceeds the preset wind speed range, the opening degree of the adjusting component is corrected in the opposite direction.

[0195] Specifically, if the wind speed was previously increased by increasing the opening degree of the regulating component, but the current detected wind speed is higher than the upper limit of the preset wind speed range, the opening degree should be decreased subsequently. Conversely, if the wind speed was previously decreased by decreasing the opening degree, but the current detected wind speed is lower than the lower limit of the preset wind speed range, the opening degree should be increased subsequently. To prevent large oscillations after reverse correction, the controller can also simultaneously reset a small correction amplitude when changing direction, allowing the system to re-enter a stable approximation state in the new direction. Through this mechanism, the system can quickly correct overshoot, suppressing large swings in wind speed around the target range, thereby improving control stability and response flexibility.

[0196] Repeat the adjustment of the opening degree of the regulating component until the real-time wind speed enters the preset wind speed range.

[0197] In this embodiment, each time the controller adjusts the opening and closing of the adjustment component, it receives feedback from the new real-time wind speed within the target preset channel. Based on this feedback, the direction and magnitude of the next adjustment are determined. Therefore, the adjustment process is not a mechanical repetition of a fixed program, but rather a continuous iteration around the result of whether the real-time wind speed has entered the target range.

[0198] Specifically, the controller can establish a cyclic judgment logic. For example, it can first collect the current real-time wind speed and determine whether it deviates from the preset wind speed range; if it deviates, it performs initial correction or subsequent direction and amplitude correction; after the correction is completed, it collects the wind speed again and analyzes the trend; if it still has not entered the target range, it continues to the next round of correction. Only when the real-time wind speed is detected to have entered the preset wind speed range will the current round of dynamic adjustment of the opening degree end, and the current corresponding opening degree will be taken as the effective operating opening degree of the target preset channel under the current operating conditions. Through the above steps, on the one hand, it makes the wind speed adjustment in the target preset channel not dependent on a single empirical setting, but gradually approaches the actual suitable state through multiple rounds of feedback, which is more adaptable to changes in the external environment and individual channel differences; on the other hand, it ensures that the system still has continuous correction capability when facing complex operating conditions, and will not lose control effect due to a single adjustment failure, thereby significantly enhancing the stability and practicality of the entire evaporative cooling coordinated operation process.

[0199] In one embodiment, the step of the controller controlling the adjusting members 4 at both ends of the preset channel to close relative to the frame when the working condition is winter includes:

[0200] Control the adjustment at the top exhaust vent of each floor to be closed, and control the adjustment at the bottom air inlet of each floor to be closed or maintain a small ventilation gap;

[0201] In this embodiment, when the operating condition is winter, the controller prioritizes keeping the regulating component 4 at the top exhaust vent of each floor closed to reduce the outward discharge of hot air from the air gap. Simultaneously, it keeps the regulating component 4 at the bottom air inlet of each floor closed, or leaves only a very small ventilation gap. By closing the top exhaust vent and controlling the bottom air inlet to be closed or slightly open, the air gap between the load-bearing wall 1 and the porous material board 2 can be maintained at a low flow rate or with weak convection, thereby forming an additional static air thermal resistance layer in winter and reducing the intensity of indoor and outdoor heat exchange.

[0202] When the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature increases, the controller controls the adjustment component at the lower air inlet to reduce its opening.

[0203] When the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature decreases, the controller controls the adjustment component at the lower air inlet to increase its opening.

[0204] In this embodiment, the opening degree of the adjusting component 4 at the lower air inlet is not a fixed value, but is dynamically adjusted according to the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature. The first temperature can be the temperature collected by the outdoor sensor, and the second temperature can be the temperature collected by the indoor sensor. When the difference between the first and second temperatures increases, it indicates that the driving force for heat exchange between the indoor and outdoor environments is enhanced. To reduce heat loss from the indoor environment, the controller reduces the opening degree of the adjusting component 4 at the lower air inlet. When the difference between the first and second temperatures decreases, the controller appropriately increases the opening degree of the adjusting component 4 at the lower air inlet to maintain a slight ventilation capacity while meeting the insulation requirements.

[0205] After determining the target opening degree based on the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature, the controller limits the target opening degree to a preset opening degree range and controls the adjusting component at the lower air inlet to adjust to the target opening degree.

[0206] Wherein, the lower limit of the preset opening range is the opening value corresponding to the closed state, and the upper limit of the preset opening range is the opening value corresponding to retaining only the smallest ventilation gap;

[0207] In this embodiment, after calculating the target opening degree based on the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature, the controller limits the target opening degree to a preset opening degree range. The lower limit of the preset opening degree range is the opening degree value corresponding to the closed state, and the upper limit is the opening degree value corresponding to retaining only a very small ventilation gap. By constraining the opening degree range in winter, it is possible to avoid excessive opening that would weaken the insulation effect of the air gap, while also preventing the air gap from being completely sealed and causing moisture retention, thus balancing insulation performance and structural thermal and moisture stability.

[0208] The controller continuously acquires the first temperature and the second temperature under winter operating conditions. When the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature exceeds a preset threshold, the controller redetermines the target opening and controls the adjustment component at the lower air inlet to make adjustments.

[0209] In this embodiment, the controller continuously acquires the first temperature and the second temperature under winter conditions, and when the difference between the two exceeds a preset threshold, it redetermines the target opening of the adjustment component 4 at the lower air inlet so that the low-energy building skin structure can maintain an appropriate winter insulation state under different outdoor temperature and indoor thermal environment conditions.

[0210] In summary, the present invention provides a low-energy building skin structure that combines evaporative cooling and air gap synergy. The low-energy building skin structure includes: a load-bearing wall 1, a porous material panel 2, and an air control frame 3. The air control frame 3 is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wall 1, and the porous material panel 2 is connected to the load-bearing wall 1 via a conductive component 6. The air control frame 3 includes a frame body, an adjusting component 4, and a driving component, with the adjusting component 4 and the driving component connected. Under the drive of the driving component, the adjusting component 4 can open or close relative to the frame body. When the adjusting component 4 is open relative to the frame body, an air duct is formed between the porous material panel 2 and the load-bearing wall 1. This technical solution consists of a composite structure consisting of a load-bearing wall 1, a porous material panel 2 with capillary pores, and a wind control frame 3 with rotatable louvers. By utilizing the synergistic mechanism of evaporative cooling and air interlayer ventilation, it achieves dynamic heat insulation and passive energy saving of the building skin. Compared with traditional building envelope structures, it can reduce air conditioning energy consumption and reduce the load on the outer skin structure, while also having the advantages of intelligent control and environmental adaptability. It can solve the technical problems of the inability to adjust the ventilation volume of the existing building skin structure and the increase of vertical load on the curtain wall due to the water storage structure.

[0211] The method provided in this embodiment of the invention can determine the current operating condition by acquiring the current temperature data of the sensor, and adjust the opening and closing of the adjusting component 4 according to the current operating condition to adjust the ventilation volume of the building skin structure.

[0212] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method, characterized in that, This invention relates to the control of a low-energy building skin structure that achieves synergy between evaporative cooling and air gaps. The low-energy building skin structure includes: a load-bearing wall, a porous material panel, and an air control frame. The air control frame is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wall, and the porous material panel is connected to the load-bearing wall via a conductive component. The air control frame includes a frame body, an adjusting component, and a driving component, with the adjusting component and the driving component connected. Driven by the driving component, the adjusting component can open or close relative to the frame body. When the adjusting component is open relative to the frame body, an air duct is formed between the porous material panel and the load-bearing wall. The low-energy building skin structure also includes a controller and sensors, including indoor sensors and outdoor sensors; the indoor sensors, outdoor sensors and driving components are all electrically connected to the controller; the controller can acquire the parameters input by the sensors and output control signals to control the opening and closing degree of the adjusting components relative to the frame; The method includes: Acquire a first temperature collected by an outdoor sensor and a second temperature collected by an indoor sensor, compare the first temperature and the second temperature, and obtain a first comparison result; The first temperature is compared with a preset first threshold to obtain a second comparison result; Determine the current operating condition based on the first and second comparison results; When the operating condition is summer, the controller controls the adjusting parts at both ends of the preset channel to open relative to the frame; When the operating condition is winter, the controller controls the adjusting parts at both ends of the preset channel to close relative to the frame.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the current operating condition based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result includes: When the first temperature is greater than the second temperature, the current operating condition is determined to be the summer operating condition; When the first temperature is lower than the second temperature, the current operating condition is determined to be a winter operating condition. When the first temperature is equal to the second temperature and the first temperature is greater than the first threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be the summer operating condition. When the first temperature equals the second temperature and the first temperature is less than the first threshold, the current operating condition is determined to be a winter operating condition.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The low-energy building skin structure further includes: a water storage component, which includes a water storage tank and a water supply pipeline. The water storage tank is located on the top of the roof or load-bearing wall, and the water supply pipeline is located on the top of the frame and is arranged along the length direction to cover the porous material board in the length direction. The water supply pipeline is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes facing the porous material board. A control valve is provided on the water supply pipeline. When the operating condition is summer, the step of the controller controlling the adjusting components at both ends of the preset channel to open relative to the frame includes: Determine whether the first temperature is greater than the second threshold. If so, then obtain the humidity data collected by the outdoor sensor and the wind speed data in the air gap; Based on the humidity and wind speed data, determine whether the current environment meets the preset evaporation conditions and identify the target preset channel; If the conditions are met, the sensing data of the water level sensor in the water storage tank is obtained, and it is determined whether the sensing data is greater than the preset data value. If so, the control valve is opened to supply water to the porous material plate corresponding to the target preset channel through the water supply pipeline, and the initial opening and closing parameters are obtained by comparing the wind speed data with the preset wind speed and adjustment component opening and closing relationship curve. The controller controls the adjusting components at both ends of the target preset channel to adjust to the corresponding opening degree according to the initial opening and closing parameters; After the adjustment component is activated, the real-time wind speed within the target preset channel is continuously acquired, and the corresponding opening degree is corrected when the real-time wind speed deviates from the preset wind speed range. If the sensed data is less than or equal to the preset data value, the controller controls the control valve to close, sends a warning to the terminal, and controls the adjusting parts at both ends of the target preset channel to adjust to the corresponding opening degree. If the first temperature is less than the second threshold, then the target preset channel is determined, the wind speed data in the air layer is obtained, and the wind speed data is compared with the preset wind speed and adjustment component opening and closing relationship curve to obtain the initial opening and closing parameters. The controller controls the adjusting components at both ends of the target preset channel to adjust to the corresponding opening degree according to the initial opening and closing parameters, and corrects the corresponding opening degree when the real-time wind speed deviates from the preset wind speed range.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The porous material plate has capillary pores on its outer surface away from the load-bearing wall, which have the ability to absorb and store water; the porosity of the capillary pores is 10% to 35%, and the average pore diameter is 0.1 to 150 micrometers.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The porous material board is one of porous ceramic board, porous concrete, porous sintered brick, fiber cement board, and water-absorbing polymer-based composite board.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The conductive component includes a conductive element, one end of which is fixedly connected to a load-bearing wall and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a porous material plate.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conductive component includes a first connector and a second connector. One end of the first connector is fixedly connected to a load-bearing wall, and the other end is provided with a first adjustment part. One end of the second connector is fixedly connected to a porous material plate, and the other end is provided with a second adjustment part. The first connector and the second connector are connected through the first adjustment part and the second adjustment part to adjust the distance between the porous material plate and the load-bearing wall.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second connector further includes a first connecting portion, and the second adjusting portion is fixedly connected to the first connecting portion; the first connecting portion is provided with a first fixing section, and the porous material plate is provided with a corresponding second fixing section; the second connector is connected to the porous material plate through the first fixing section and the second fixing section; adjacent porous material plates are connected through the first fixing section.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The porous material plate is provided with a second fixing section and a third fixing section, and adjacent porous material plates are connected through the second fixing section and the third fixing section.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The adjusting component is connected to the load-bearing wall or frame via rotatable louvers.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The low-energy building skin structure also includes an insulation layer, which is disposed on the side of the load-bearing wall near the porous material board.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, A waterproof layer is provided on the side of the insulation layer near the porous material board.

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