Antibacterial fireproof impact-resistant composite fireproof plate and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an antibacterial fireproof impact-resistant composite fireproof plate and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fireproof plates.The antibacterial fireproof impact-resistant composite fireproof plate is prepared through the following continuous preparation process steps: core material mixing, steel wire mesh embedding, primary antibacterial treatment, non-woven cloth embedding, decorative surface pasting, secondary antibacterial treatment, base material cooling and fixed-length cutting.The application realizes the synergistic effect of the three performances of 'fireproofing-antibacterial-impact resistance' through functional component innovation, laminated composite structure design and continuous preparation process optimization, the combustion performance grading can reach A level, the simply supported beam impact strength can be up to 45.3 kJ / m 2 , the antibacterial rate can be up to 99.98%, and the antibacterial fireproof impact-resistant composite fireproof plate can be widely applied to public buildings and personnel-intensive places, industrial and special-function buildings and rail transit and other application scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board, its preparation method, and its applications. It is suitable for applications in public buildings and densely populated areas, industrial and special-function locations, and rail transportation systems where high traffic volume, fire resistance requirements, and impact-prone environments necessitate long-term antibacterial properties. It belongs to the field of fireproof board technology. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the demand for material safety performance in fields such as building decoration, rail transit, and public furniture has continued to rise. Fire-resistant boards, as a core material combining flame retardancy and structural functions, are showing a trend towards more complex functions, more durable and stable performance, and larger-scale production. At the fire protection standard level, the "GB 50016-2014 Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" and "GB 55037-2022 General Code for Fire Protection of Buildings" clearly require that decorative materials in certain public buildings, factories, and transportation environments must use materials with a fire performance rating of Class A to reduce the risk of fire spread. These standards not only set the entry threshold for the application of fire-resistant boards but also provide policy support for their large-scale replacement and promotion in key scenarios such as large-scale infrastructure, commercial complexes, transportation stations, and factories. Furthermore, the upgrading of public health needs has driven antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties to become one of the core additional properties of new fire-resistant boards; in densely populated areas, some decorative materials (such as shopping mall partitions, subway and high-speed rail carriage interiors) are easily subjected to frequent impacts, which also places certain requirements on the impact resistance of fire-resistant boards. In conclusion, traditional fireproof boards with only fire-resistant function can no longer meet the comprehensive needs of multiple scenarios, and fireproof boards with composite properties of "fire resistance, antibacterial and impact resistance" are gradually becoming the core technology direction of the industry.

[0003] In fact, the mainstream fireproof board manufacturing processes currently on the market mainly include thermosetting resin impregnated paper high-pressure lamination, inorganic cementitious system processes, and composite finishing processes. Among them, thermosetting resin impregnated paper high-pressure laminates have advantages such as high strength and wear resistance, but the organic resin is prone to releasing toxic fumes when exposed to fire. Inorganic composite fireproof boards such as calcium silicate boards and magnesium cementitious boards have excellent fire resistance, but they suffer from brittleness, poor impact resistance, and insufficient surface decoration. Fireproof boards prepared by the composite process of inorganic substrate and decorative layer can achieve a balance between fire resistance and decoration, but the bonding strength between the substrate and the finish is insufficient, making them prone to delamination and peeling. It can be seen that the mainstream processes for fireproof boards mostly adhere to the design concept of "single performance priority." How to design long-lasting antibacterial processes from a functional perspective and improve impact resistance from a structural perspective are the core technical problems that the industry urgently needs to overcome.

[0004] In particular, the numerous shortcomings of existing fireproof board technology have created multi-dimensional market pain points and safety hazards. At the application level, fireproof boards with fragmented functions require additional antibacterial coatings and impact-resistant panels, increasing material costs and construction complexity, and potentially weakening the overall fireproof effect due to compatibility issues with multiple layers. The short-term effectiveness of antibacterial treatment makes fireproof boards in public areas prone to bacterial growth, increasing the risk of cross-infection. Furthermore, the current low production efficiency and large fluctuations in product performance cannot meet the large-scale supply demands of major infrastructure projects and may cause damage to the fireproof structure due to impact resistance failure, inducing safety hazards in fire or collision scenarios. Therefore, developing a fireproof board and its manufacturing process that achieves synergistic "fireproof-antibacterial-impact resistance" performance, long-term stability, and continuous mass production has become a key direction for solving existing technological bottlenecks in the industry and adapting to the comprehensive needs of multiple scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention addresses the core technical defects of existing fireproof boards, such as fragmented functions, short-lasting antibacterial effects, insufficient impact resistance, low production efficiency, and difficulty in large-scale mass production. It provides an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board, aiming to achieve synergistic enhancement of the three major properties of "fireproof, antibacterial, and impact resistance" through functional component innovation, layered composite structure design, and continuous manufacturing process optimization. This meets the performance requirements of high fire resistance, easy impact, and long-lasting antibacterial properties in application scenarios such as public buildings and densely populated areas, industrial and special-function areas, and rail transit.

[0006] Meanwhile, the present invention provides a method for preparing an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board, which involves the following steps: core material mixing, wire mesh embedding, primary antibacterial treatment, non-woven fabric embedding, decorative surface application, secondary antibacterial treatment, substrate cooling, and fixed-length cutting, to obtain the antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board.

[0007] Meanwhile, this invention provides an application of an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board in public buildings and densely populated areas, industrial and special-function areas, and rail transit applications.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board comprises, from the inside out, a core material layer, a steel wire mesh embedded layer, an antibacterial non-woven fabric embedded layer, and an antibacterial decorative surface layer.

[0009] A method for preparing an antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board, wherein the preparation process is a continuous production line operation, comprising the following steps in sequence: S1, Core material mixing: The fireproof and impact-resistant core material is put into the cone mixer according to the design ratio and stirred to obtain a uniformly dispersed core material; S2, Steel wire mesh embedding: Reinforced steel wire mesh is laid on the continuously conveyed core material layer and embedded into the core material layer by pressure rollers; S3, One-time antibacterial treatment: The solution containing antibacterial microcapsules is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer using a spraying equipment, and then pre-dried. S4, Non-woven fabric embedding: A non-woven fabric that has undergone one antibacterial treatment is laid on the surface of the core material layer after the steel wire mesh embedding is completed, and then bonded to the core material / reinforced steel wire mesh composite layer by pressure rollers. S5, Decorative surface application: Applying fire-retardant decorative surface material to the surface of a substrate that has undergone one antibacterial treatment using a hot press roller; S6, Secondary antibacterial treatment: A solution containing antibacterial microcapsules is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the decorative material using a spraying device, and then dried. S7, Finished product processing: The substrate that has undergone secondary antibacterial treatment is cooled to room temperature and cut to length to obtain antibacterial, fireproof and impact-resistant composite fireproof board.

[0010] Further, the raw material composition and mass parts of the fireproof and impact-resistant core material mentioned in step (S1) above are as follows: calcium carbonate: 20-30 parts, dolomite: 15-20 parts, nano magnesium hydroxide: 15-25 parts, silicon dioxide: 5-10 parts, alumina: 5-8 parts, nano montmorillonite: 3-5 parts, refractory fiber: 6-10 parts, adhesive: 3-5 parts, additives: 0.5-1.5 parts, water: 25-40 parts.

[0011] Furthermore, in the raw material components of the fire-resistant and impact-resistant core material described in step (S1) above, The particle size of nano-magnesium hydroxide is 50-100 nm; The particle size of nano-montmorillonite is 50-100 nm; The refractory fiber is one or more of basalt fiber, aluminosilicate fiber, mullite fiber and zirconium oxide fiber, with a diameter of 3-6 μm and a length of 3-8 mm; The additives are one or more of polyurethane and polyacrylate (preferably sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate or acrylic acid-sodium acrylate copolymer); The adhesive is one or more of the following: corn starch modified adhesive, melamine formaldehyde resin, and epoxy resin.

[0012] Further, the mixing process described in step (S1) above is as follows: water, glue, and additives are added to a conical mixer and stirred at 300-500 rpm for 5-10 minutes to form a uniform and transparent adhesive solution; then nano-magnesium hydroxide and nano-montmorillonite are slowly added and stirred at 300-400 W ultrasonic power and 1000-1200 rpm for 15-20 minutes; then calcium carbonate, dolomite, silica, and alumina are added sequentially every 3-6 minutes and stirred at 600-800 rpm for 10-15 minutes; refractory fibers are added and stirred at 200-300 rpm for 8-10 minutes; finally, the amount of water added is slightly adjusted according to the viscosity of the core material (3000-8000 mPa•s) and stirred at 150-200 rpm for 5-10 minutes.

[0013] Furthermore, the wire mesh mentioned in step (S2) above is either galvanized wire mesh or 304 stainless steel mesh, the diameter of the wire / stainless steel wire is 0.3-0.6 mm, and the mesh size is 1×1 mm-6×6 mm; the pressure of the pressure roller is 5-8 MPa.

[0014] Further, the first antibacterial treatment step (S3) described above includes the following steps in sequence: pouring deionized water into a mixing tank, adding a polycarboxylate dispersant (preferably sodium polycarboxylate or sodium ammonium polycarboxylate copolymer) with a mass concentration of 0.3%-0.5%, and stirring at 300-400 rpm for 5-10 min to ensure the dispersant dissolves; adding antibacterial microcapsules with a mass concentration of 5%-8%, and stirring at 600-800 rpm for 10-15 min; finally, adding an aqueous silane coupling agent with a mass concentration of 0.01%-0.04%, and stirring at 150-200 rpm for 5-8 min, mixing evenly, and letting stand for 3-5 min to defoam; uniformly spraying the coating onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer using a spray gun, with 3-5 spray passes; and drying at 80-100 ℃ for 5-8 min.

[0015] Further, the method for preparing the antibacterial microcapsules used in the first antibacterial treatment in step (S3) above is as follows: Industrial-grade mesoporous silica with a pore size of 3-10 nm is placed in a 1:1 volume ratio anhydrous ethanol / water mixture, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10-1:20. The mixture is ultrasonically dispersed at 500-600 W for 30-45 min, then acid-washed with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to remove impurities and washed with water until neutral. The mixture is then vacuum-dried at 80-90 ℃ for 2-3 h. The pretreated mesoporous silica is added to a 5%-8% (w / w) 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane / anhydrous ethanol solution, with a solid-liquid ratio controlled at 1:25. The mixture is stirred at 60-65 ℃ under nitrogen protection for 4-5 h. The stirred product is filtered, washed 3-5 times with anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum-dried at 100-110 ℃ for 3-6 hours. h, to obtain amino-functionalized mesoporous silica (NH2-MSN); commercially available silver-loaded zirconium phosphate with a particle size of 50-100 nm 150-250 μm W was ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40-1:50 for silver-loaded zirconium phosphate and deionized water, forming a homogeneous colloid. NH2-MSN was then added, and the pH was adjusted to 3.0-5.0 using hydrochloric acid. Under electrostatic action, the silver-loaded zirconium phosphate was self-assembled and grafted onto NH2-MSN. Subsequently, the grafted antibacterial mesoporous silica was mixed with a wall material solution containing 1.5%-2.0% polyvinyl alcohol (deionized water) and 1.0%-1.5% silica sol (deionized water) (i.e., the wall material solution is a compound solution containing 1.5%-2.0% polyvinyl alcohol and 1.0%-1.5% silica sol). The solid content of the suspension was controlled at (18-22):100. Finally, a centrifugal spray dryer was used at an inlet temperature of 170-180 ℃ and an outlet temperature of 75-80 ℃. Antibacterial microcapsules were prepared under the conditions of ℃, atomization pressure of 0.3-0.4 MPa, and feed rate of 20-30 mL / min. Further, the nonwoven fabric mentioned in step (S4) above is a commercially available polypropylene nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 30-110 g / m². 2 The pressure of the pressure roller is 2-4 MPa.

[0016] Furthermore, the fireproof decorative surface material mentioned in step (S5) is one of fireproof wood grain paper, fireproof aluminum sheet, polyethylene terephthalate flame retardant film, etc.; the temperature of the hot press roller is 120-150 ℃, the pressure is 4-6 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 3-5 s.

[0017] Furthermore, the secondary antibacterial solution in step (S6) has the same composition as the primary antibacterial solution in step (S3), and the mass concentration of its antibacterial microcapsules is controlled at 10%-15%; it is uniformly sprayed onto the surface of the fireproof decorative material using a spray gun, with 4-6 spray passes; the drying temperature is 70-85 ℃, and the drying time is 10-20 min.

[0018] Meanwhile, this invention provides an application of an antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board.

[0019] The present invention relates to the application of an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board in public buildings and densely populated areas, industrial and special-function areas, and rail transit applications.

[0020] Specifically, the antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of this invention can be applied in various scenarios such as hospital inpatient building walls, nursing home corridor walls, medical cleanroom enclosures, chemical workshop firewalls, hazardous materials warehouse partitions, subway car interior panels, and cargo ship control room partitions. The fire performance rating for hospital inpatient building walls, nursing home corridor walls, medical cleanroom enclosures, chemical workshop firewalls, hazardous materials warehouse partitions, subway car interior panels, and cargo ship control room partitions is all Class A, and the effective antibacterial lifespan is at least 10 years.

[0021] A medical cleanroom enclosure is prepared from an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of the present invention. The fire performance rating of the medical cleanroom enclosure can reach Class A, and the effective antibacterial lifespan is at least 10 years.

[0022] A partition wall for a hazardous materials warehouse is prepared from an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of the present invention. The fire performance rating of the partition wall for the hazardous materials warehouse can reach Class A, and the effective antibacterial lifespan is at least 10 years.

[0023] A subway car interior panel is prepared from an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of the present invention. The combustion performance rating of the subway car interior panel can reach Class A, and the effective antibacterial lifespan is at least 10 years.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board and its preparation method of the present invention have achieved the following beneficial effects: This invention integrates core material mixing, reinforced structure laying, and dual antibacterial treatment into a continuous production line, enabling the mass production of composite fireproof boards with synergistic antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant properties. This continuous process can increase production efficiency by more than 30%, while controlling performance consistency error to be less than 5%, which can meet the large-scale supply needs of large-scale infrastructure projects.

[0025] This invention achieves a combustion performance rating of up to Class A and a maximum impact strength of 45.3 kJ / m² for simply supported beams through processes such as adjusting the core material of refractory fiber, enhancing the rigidity of steel wire mesh, providing flexible cushioning with non-woven fabric, and adding long-lasting antibacterial microcapsules. 2 The synergistic effect of achieving an antibacterial rate of up to 99.98% solves the problems of fragmented functions and short-term antibacterial effect in traditional fireproof boards. In addition, the inorganic bonding system and layered composite structure design in this invention can ensure high bonding strength between layers, eliminating the risk of delamination and peeling, while improving the overall toughness of the board and avoiding the defects of inorganic fireproof boards that are brittle and prone to cracking.

[0026] This invention employs a dual antibacterial treatment process, combining a primary inner layer antibacterial treatment with a secondary surface layer antibacterial treatment, effectively solving the technical problem of easy failure of surface antibacterial agents. The antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of this invention exhibits an antibacterial rate of over 98.85% against Escherichia coli and over 98.68% against Staphylococcus aureus on its surface fire-resistant decorative material. After removing the fire-resistant decorative material, the antibacterial rate of Escherichia coli on its inner layer remains over 95.23%, and the antibacterial rate of Staphylococcus aureus remains over 96.01%. Based on comprehensive calculations, the effective antibacterial lifespan of the antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of this invention is at least 10 years.

[0027] In the antibacterial spraying process of this invention, the aqueous silane coupling agent undergoes a hydrolysis reaction in the aqueous solution, and the alkoxy group (-Si(OCH3)3) is converted into an active silanol group (-Si(OH)3). The active silanol group plays the following roles: condensing with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of nano-magnesium hydroxide / nano-montmorillonite in the core material to form Si-O-Mg and Si-O-Al (aluminum in montmorillonite) covalent bonds; condensing with the hydroxyl groups on the oxide layer (Fe2O3) of the wire mesh surface to form Si-O-Fe bonds, thereby anchoring the cross-linked network to the metal skeleton; undergoing an esterification reaction with the carboxyl groups (-COOH) on the surface of the nonwoven fabric, and simultaneously condensing with the silica sol-Si-OH of the antibacterial microcapsule wall material to form Si-O-Si bonds, fixing the microcapsules in the network; in addition, the amino groups (-NH2) on the surface of the antibacterial microcapsules form hydrogen bonds with the silanol groups of the silane coupling agent, further strengthening the cross-linking effect. After drying and curing, the above chemical bonding and hydrogen bonding work together to form a three-dimensional cross-linked network of "Si-OM" (M=Mg, Al, Fe, Si) that runs through the core material, wire mesh, and nonwoven fabric, firmly locking each functional component into a whole.

[0028] The core raw materials of the antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of the present invention are all inorganic minerals and environmentally friendly functional components. It has low formaldehyde emission, meets green building standards, and does not require additional functional layers, which can effectively reduce material and construction costs.

[0029] The antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board prepared by this invention achieves long-term synergistic effects of fireproof, antibacterial, and impact-resistant properties, greatly expanding the application potential of fireproof boards in public buildings and densely populated places, industrial and special-function places, and rail transit.

[0030] This invention discloses an antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of fireproof board technology. The invention involves a continuous manufacturing process including core material mixing, wire mesh embedding, primary antibacterial treatment, non-woven fabric embedding, decorative surface application, secondary antibacterial treatment, substrate cooling, and fixed-length cutting to obtain the antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board. Through innovative functional components, layered composite structure design, and optimized continuous manufacturing process, this invention achieves synergistic enhancement of three major properties: fire resistance, antibacterial properties, and impact resistance. Its combustion performance rating can reach Class A, and its impact strength against simply supported beams can reach up to 45.3 kJ / m². 2 With an antibacterial rate of up to 99.98%, it can be widely used in public buildings and densely populated places, industrial and special-function places, as well as rail transit and other application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of the antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board in this invention. Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the core material of an antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is the XRD pattern of the core material of an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board in this invention; Figure 4 These are scanning electron microscope images of the core material after it has been crushed in this invention; Figure 5 These are antibacterial images of the fireproof board samples provided in Embodiment 1 and Comparative Example 3 of the present invention, as well as the fireproof board samples provided in Embodiment 1 and Comparative Example 2 after the fireproof decorative material has been removed. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention, will further clarify the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention. The specific embodiments described are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0033] While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed in accordance with techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. Example 1

[0034] The antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of this embodiment includes, from the inside out, a core material layer, a steel wire mesh embedded layer, an antibacterial non-woven fabric embedded layer, and an antibacterial decorative surface layer.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the preparation method of this embodiment includes the following steps in sequence: S1: Core Material Mixing: Add 40 parts water, 5 parts glue (corn starch modified glue), and 1.5 parts additive (sodium polyacrylate) to a conical mixer and stir at 500 rpm for 10 min to form a uniform and transparent glue solution; then slowly add 25 parts of 50 nm nano-magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of 50 nm nano-montmorillonite, and stir at 1200 rpm for 20 min with ultrasonic power of 400 W; subsequently, add 30 parts calcium carbonate, 20 parts dolomite, 10 parts silica, and 8 parts alumina every 5 min, and stir at 800 rpm for 15 min; add 10 parts of aluminosilicate fibers with a diameter of 3 μm and a length of 3 mm, and stir at 300 rpm for 10 min; finally, adjust the amount of water added slightly according to the core material viscosity of 8000 mPa•s, and stir at 200 rpm for 10 min. Figure 2 The image shown is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the core material in this embodiment. The powder inside the core material is uniformly mixed and has a dense structure. Figure 3 The image shown is the XRD pattern of the core material in this embodiment. The core material is mainly composed of CaCO3, dolomite, Mg(OH)2, and SiO2. Figure 4 The image shown is a scanning electron microscope image of the core material after it has been crushed in this embodiment. The long strips are the added refractory fibers, which are about 200 micrometers in size and are evenly distributed in the core material.

[0036] S2: Wire mesh embedding: 304 stainless steel wire mesh with a diameter of 0.4 mm and a mesh size of 1×1 mm is laid on the continuously conveyed core material layer and embedded into the core material layer by pressure rollers with a pressure of 7 MPa.

[0037] S3: Single antibacterial treatment: Pour deionized water into a mixing tank, add 0.4% (w / w) of polycarboxylate dispersant (sodium polycarboxylate), and stir at 350 rpm for 8 min to ensure dissolution; add 8% (w / w) of antibacterial microcapsules, and stir at 700 rpm for 12 min; finally, add 0.03% (w / w) of aqueous silane coupling agent, and stir at 180 rpm for 8 min. After mixing evenly, let stand for 5 min to defoam; spray evenly onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer through a spray gun, with 5 spray passes; dry at 90 ℃ for 8 min.

[0038] S4: Non-woven fabric embedding: A non-woven fabric with a basis weight of 110 g / m is laid on the surface of the core material layer after the wire mesh embedding is completed. 2 Commercially available polypropylene nonwoven fabric is bonded to the core / reinforced steel wire mesh composite layer by a pressure roller with a pressure of 4 MPa.

[0039] S5: Decorative surface application: Fire-retardant wood grain paper is applied to the surface of a substrate that has undergone one antibacterial treatment using a hot press roller. The temperature of the hot press roller is 120 ℃, the pressure is 4 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 3 s.

[0040] S6: Secondary antibacterial treatment: Pour deionized water into a mixing tank, add 0.5% polycarboxylate dispersant, and stir at 400 rpm for 10 min to ensure dissolution; add 15% antibacterial microcapsules, and stir at 800 rpm for 15 min; finally, add 0.04% aqueous silane coupling agent, and stir at 200 rpm for 8 min. After mixing evenly, let stand for 5 min to defoam; spray evenly onto the surface of the fireproof decorative material through a spray gun, with 6 spray passes; the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 15 min.

[0041] S7: Finished product processing: Cool the substrate that has undergone secondary antibacterial treatment to room temperature and cut it to length to obtain antibacterial, fireproof and impact-resistant composite fireproof board.

[0042] The method for preparing antibacterial microcapsules used in this embodiment is as follows: Industrial-grade mesoporous silica with a pore size of 3 nm was ultrasonically dispersed at 600 W for 45 min in a 1:1 volume ratio of anhydrous ethanol / water mixture. The solid-liquid ratio of the industrial-grade mesoporous silica to the anhydrous ethanol / water mixture was 1:20. Subsequently, it was acid-washed with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to remove impurities and washed with water until neutral. It was then vacuum-dried at 90 °C for 3 h. The pretreated mesoporous silica was added to an 8% (w / w) solution of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane / anhydrous ethanol, with a solid-liquid ratio controlled at 1:25. The mixture was stirred at 65 °C for 5 h under nitrogen protection. The stirred product was filtered, washed five times with anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum-dried at 110 °C for 6 h to obtain amino-functionalized mesoporous silica (NH2-MSN). Commercially available silver-loaded zirconium phosphate 250 with a particle size of 50 nm was then... W was ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:50 to silver-loaded zirconium phosphate, forming a homogeneous colloid. NH2-MSN was then added, and the pH was adjusted to 3.5 using hydrochloric acid. Under electrostatic action, the silver-loaded zirconium phosphate was self-assembled and grafted onto NH2-MSN. Subsequently, the grafted antibacterial mesoporous silica was mixed with a wall material solution containing 2.0% polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5% silica sol, with the solid content of the suspension controlled at 22:100. Finally, antibacterial microcapsules were prepared using a centrifugal spray dryer under the conditions of an inlet temperature of 180 ℃, an outlet temperature of 80 ℃, an atomization pressure of 0.4 MPa, and a feed rate of 30 mL / min.

[0043] like Figure 5 The figures show the antibacterial properties of the fireproof board samples provided in this embodiment and Comparative Example 3, as well as the fireproof board samples provided in this embodiment and Comparative Example 2 after the fireproof decorative material has been removed. As can be seen from the figures, the antibacterial effect of this embodiment is significantly better than that of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2.

[0044] This embodiment describes the application of an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board in public buildings and densely populated areas, industrial and special-function areas, and rail transit applications.

[0045] Specifically, the antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of this embodiment can be applied in various scenarios such as hospital inpatient building walls, nursing home corridor walls, medical cleanroom enclosures, chemical workshop firewalls, hazardous materials warehouse partitions, subway car interior panels, and cargo ship control room partitions. Example 2

[0046] The antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of this embodiment includes, from the inside out, a core material layer, a steel wire mesh embedded layer, an antibacterial non-woven fabric embedded layer, and an antibacterial decorative surface layer.

[0047] The preparation method in this embodiment includes the following steps in sequence: S1: Core Material Mixing: Add 35 parts water, 4 parts glue (epoxy resin), and 1.2 parts additive (potassium polyacrylate) to a conical mixer and stir at 450 rpm for 10 min to form a uniform and transparent adhesive solution; then slowly add 22 parts of 80 nm nano magnesium hydroxide and 5 parts of 80 nm nano montmorillonite, and stir at 380 W ultrasonic power and 1150 rpm for 18 min; then add 25 parts calcium carbonate, 18 parts dolomite, 8 parts silica, and 6 parts alumina every 4 min, and stir at 750 rpm for 15 min; add 8 parts of 5 μm diameter and 5 mm length aluminum silicate fiber, and stir at 280 rpm for 10 min; finally, adjust the amount of water added slightly according to the core material viscosity of 6000 mPa•s, and stir at 200 rpm for 10 min.

[0048] S2: Wire mesh embedding: 304 stainless steel wire mesh with a diameter of 0.3 mm and a mesh size of 2×2 mm is laid on the continuously conveyed core material layer and embedded into the core material layer by pressure rollers with a pressure of 6 MPa.

[0049] S3: Single antibacterial treatment: Pour deionized water into a mixing tank, add 0.4% (w / w) of polycarboxylate dispersant (sodium ammonium polycarboxylate copolymer), and stir at 350 rpm for 8 min to ensure dissolution of the dispersant; add 6% (w / w) of antibacterial microcapsules, and stir at 680 rpm for 10 min; finally, add 0.03% (w / w) of water-based silane coupling agent, and stir at 160 rpm for 6 min. After mixing evenly, let stand for 4 min to defoam; spray evenly onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer through a spray gun, with 4 spray passes; dry at 90 ℃ for 6 min.

[0050] S4: Non-woven fabric embedding: A non-woven fabric with a basis weight of 110 g / m is laid on the surface of the core material layer after the wire mesh embedding is completed. 2 Commercially available polypropylene nonwoven fabric is bonded to the core / reinforced steel wire mesh composite layer by a pressure roller with a pressure of 4 MPa.

[0051] S5: Decorative surface application: Fire-retardant wood grain paper is applied to the surface of a substrate that has undergone one antibacterial treatment using a hot press roller. The temperature of the hot press roller is 120 ℃, the pressure is 4 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 3 s.

[0052] S6: Secondary antibacterial treatment: Pour deionized water into a mixing tank, add 0.4% polycarboxylate dispersant, and stir at 350 rpm for 8 minutes to ensure dissolution; add 12% antibacterial microcapsules and stir at 750 rpm for 12 minutes; finally, add 0.03% aqueous silane coupling agent and stir at 160 rpm for 6 minutes. After mixing evenly, let stand for 4 minutes to defoam; spray evenly onto the surface of the fireproof decorative material through a spray gun, with 5 spray passes; dry at 80 ℃ for 12 minutes.

[0053] S7: Finished product processing: Cool the substrate that has undergone secondary antibacterial treatment to room temperature and cut it to length to obtain antibacterial, fireproof and impact-resistant composite fireproof board.

[0054] The method for preparing the antibacterial microcapsules used in this embodiment is as follows: Industrial-grade mesoporous silica with a pore size of 3 nm was ultrasonically dispersed at 600 W for 45 min in a 1:1 volume ratio anhydrous ethanol / water mixture. The solid-liquid ratio of the industrial-grade mesoporous silica to the anhydrous ethanol / water mixture was 1:10. Subsequently, it was acid-washed with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to remove impurities and washed with water until neutral, then vacuum-dried at 90 °C for 3 h. The pretreated mesoporous silica was added to an 8% (w / w) 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane / anhydrous ethanol solution, with a solid-liquid ratio controlled at 1:25, and stirred at 65 °C for 5 h under nitrogen protection. The stirred product was filtered, washed five times with anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum-dried at 110 °C for 6 h to obtain amino-functionalized mesoporous silica (NH2-MSN). Commercially available silver-loaded zirconium phosphate 250 with a particle size of 50 nm was then... W was ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40 to silver-loaded zirconium phosphate, forming a homogeneous colloid. NH2-MSN was then added, and the pH was adjusted to 3.5 using hydrochloric acid. Under electrostatic action, the silver-loaded zirconium phosphate was self-assembled and grafted onto NH2-MSN. Subsequently, the grafted antibacterial mesoporous silica was mixed with a wall material solution containing 2.0% polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5% silica sol, with the solid content of the suspension controlled at 22:100. Finally, antibacterial microcapsules were prepared using a centrifugal spray dryer under the conditions of an inlet temperature of 180 ℃, an outlet temperature of 80 ℃, an atomization pressure of 0.4 MPa, and a feed rate of 30 mL / min.

[0055] This embodiment describes the application of an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board in public buildings and densely populated areas, industrial and special-function areas, and rail transit applications.

[0056] Specifically, the antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of this embodiment can be applied in various scenarios such as hospital inpatient building walls, nursing home corridor walls, medical cleanroom enclosures, chemical workshop firewalls, hazardous materials warehouse partitions, subway car interior panels, and cargo ship control room partitions. Example 3

[0057] The antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of this embodiment includes, from the inside out, a core material layer, a steel wire mesh embedded layer, an antibacterial non-woven fabric embedded layer, and an antibacterial decorative surface layer.

[0058] The preparation method in this embodiment includes the following steps in sequence: S1: Core Material Mixing: Add 30 parts water, 4 parts glue (melamine-formaldehyde resin), and 1 part additive (polyurethane) to a conical mixer and stir at 400 rpm for 8 minutes to form a uniform and transparent glue solution; then slowly add 20 parts of 90 nm nano magnesium hydroxide and 4 parts of 90 nm nano montmorillonite, and stir at 350 W ultrasonic power and 1100 rpm for 18 minutes; then add 23 parts calcium carbonate, 16 parts dolomite, 6 parts silica, and 5 parts alumina every 5 minutes, and stir at 650 rpm for 12 minutes; add 8 parts of zirconia fiber with a diameter of 4 μm and a length of 5 mm, and stir at 250 rpm for 10 minutes; finally, adjust the amount of water added slightly according to the core material viscosity of 3000 mPa•s, and stir at 200 rpm for 10 minutes.

[0059] S2: Steel wire mesh embedding: Galvanized steel wire mesh with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a mesh size of 3×3 mm is laid on the continuously conveyed core material layer and embedded into the core material layer by pressure rollers with a pressure of 8 MPa.

[0060] S3: Single antibacterial treatment: Pour deionized water into a mixing tank, add 0.3% (w / w) of polycarboxylate dispersant (sodium ammonium polycarboxylate copolymer), and stir at 300 rpm for 6 min to ensure dissolution of the dispersant; add 6% (w / w) of antibacterial microcapsules, and stir at 640 rpm for 10 min; finally, add 0.02% (w / w) of water-based silane coupling agent, and stir at 150 rpm for 8 min. After mixing evenly, let stand for 5 min to defoam; spray evenly onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer through a spray gun, with 5 spray passes; dry at 90 ℃ for 8 min.

[0061] S4: Non-woven fabric embedding: A non-woven fabric with a basis weight of 80 g / m is laid on the surface of the core material layer after the wire mesh embedding is completed. 2Commercially available polypropylene nonwoven fabric is bonded to the core / reinforced steel wire mesh composite layer by a pressure roller with a pressure of 3 MPa.

[0062] S5: Decorative surface application: Fireproof aluminum sheet is applied to the surface of a substrate that has undergone one antibacterial treatment using a hot press roller. The temperature of the hot press roller is 135 ℃, the pressure is 5 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 4 s.

[0063] S6: Secondary antibacterial treatment: Pour deionized water into a mixing tank, add 0.3% polycarboxylate dispersant, and stir at 300 rpm for 6 minutes to ensure dissolution; add 12% antibacterial microcapsules and stir at 800 rpm for 12 minutes; finally, add 0.03% water-based silane coupling agent and stir at 180 rpm for 8 minutes. After mixing evenly, let stand for 5 minutes to defoam; spray evenly onto the surface of the fireproof decorative material through a spray gun, with 6 spray passes; the drying temperature is 75 ℃ and the drying time is 15 minutes.

[0064] S7: Finished product processing: Cool the substrate that has undergone secondary antibacterial treatment to room temperature and cut it to length to obtain antibacterial, fireproof and impact-resistant composite fireproof board.

[0065] The method for preparing the antibacterial microcapsules used in this embodiment is as follows: Industrial-grade mesoporous silica with a pore size of 10 nm was ultrasonically dispersed at 500 W for 30 min in a 1:1 volume ratio of anhydrous ethanol / water mixture. The solid-liquid ratio of the industrial-grade mesoporous silica to the anhydrous ethanol / water mixture was 1:15. Subsequently, it was acid-washed with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to remove impurities and washed with water until neutral. It was then vacuum-dried at 80 °C for 2 h. The pretreated mesoporous silica was added to a 5% (w / w) solution of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane / anhydrous ethanol, with a solid-liquid ratio controlled at 1:25. The mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 4 h under nitrogen protection. The stirred product was filtered, washed three times with anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum-dried at 100 °C for 3 h to obtain amino-functionalized mesoporous silica (NH2-MSN). Commercially available silver-loaded zirconium phosphate 150 with a particle size of 100 nm was then... W was ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:45 between silver-loaded zirconium phosphate and deionized water to form a homogeneous colloid. NH2-MSN was then added, and the pH was adjusted to 4.5 using hydrochloric acid. Under electrostatic action, the silver-loaded zirconium phosphate was self-assembled and grafted onto NH2-MSN. Subsequently, the grafted antibacterial mesoporous silica was mixed with a wall material solution containing 1.5% polyvinyl alcohol and 1.0% silica sol, with the solid content of the suspension controlled at 18:100. Finally, antibacterial microcapsules were prepared using a centrifugal spray dryer under the conditions of an inlet temperature of 170 ℃, an outlet temperature of 75 ℃, an atomization pressure of 0.3 MPa, and a feed rate of 20 mL / min.

[0066] This embodiment describes the application of an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board in public buildings and densely populated areas, industrial and special-function areas, and rail transit applications.

[0067] Specifically, the antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of this embodiment can be applied in various scenarios such as hospital inpatient building walls, nursing home corridor walls, medical cleanroom enclosures, chemical workshop firewalls, hazardous materials warehouse partitions, subway car interior panels, and cargo ship control room partitions. Example 4

[0068] The antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of this embodiment includes, from the inside out, a core material layer, a steel wire mesh embedded layer, an antibacterial non-woven fabric embedded layer, and an antibacterial decorative surface layer.

[0069] The preparation method in this embodiment includes the following steps in sequence: S1: Core Material Mixing: Add 25 parts water, 3 parts glue (corn starch modified glue and melamine formaldehyde resin in a 1:1 mass ratio) and 0.5 parts additive (sodium polyacrylate) to a conical mixer and stir at 300 rpm for 5 min to form a uniform transparent glue solution; then slowly add 15 parts of 100 nm nano magnesium hydroxide and 3 parts of 100 nm nano montmorillonite, and stir at 300 W ultrasonic power and 1000 rpm for 15 min; then add 20 parts calcium carbonate, 15 parts dolomite, 5 parts silica and 5 parts alumina every 3 min, and stir at 600 rpm for 10 min; add 6 parts of zirconia fiber with a diameter of 6 μm and a length of 8 mm, and stir at 200 rpm for 8 min; finally, adjust the amount of water added slightly according to the core material viscosity of 5000 mPa•s, and stir at 150 rpm for 5 min.

[0070] S2: Wire mesh embedding: Galvanized steel wire mesh with a diameter of 0.6 mm and a mesh size of 6×6 mm is laid on the continuously conveyed core material layer and embedded into the core material layer by pressure rollers with a pressure of 5 MPa.

[0071] S3: Single antibacterial treatment: Pour deionized water into a mixing tank, add 0.5% (w / w) of polycarboxylate dispersant (sodium polycarboxylate), and stir at 400 rpm for 5 min to ensure dissolution; add 5% (w / w) of antibacterial microcapsules, and stir at 600 rpm for 15 min; finally, add 0.01% (w / w) of aqueous silane coupling agent, and stir at 200 rpm for 5 min. After mixing evenly, let stand for 3 min to defoam; spray evenly onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer through a spray gun, with 3 spray passes; dry at 80 ℃ for 5 min.

[0072] S4: Non-woven fabric embedding: A non-woven fabric with a basis weight of 70 g / m is laid on the surface of the core material layer after the wire mesh embedding is completed. 2 Commercially available polypropylene nonwoven fabric is bonded to the core / reinforced steel wire mesh composite layer by a pressure roller with a pressure of 2 MPa.

[0073] S5: Decorative surface application: Fireproof aluminum sheet is applied to the surface of a substrate that has undergone one antibacterial treatment using a hot press roller. The temperature of the hot press roller is 150 ℃, the pressure is 6 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 5 s.

[0074] S6: Secondary antibacterial treatment: Pour deionized water into a mixing tank, add 0.3% (w / w) of polycarboxylate dispersant (sodium polycarboxylate), and stir at 300 rpm for 5 min to ensure dissolution; add 10% (w / w) of antibacterial microcapsules, and stir at 750 rpm for 15 min; finally, add 0.01% (w / w) of water-based silane coupling agent, and stir at 150 rpm for 6 min. After mixing evenly, let stand for 4 min to defoam; spray evenly onto the surface of the fireproof decorative material through a spray gun, with 4 spray passes; the drying temperature is 70 ℃, and the drying time is 10 min.

[0075] S7: Finished product processing: Cool the substrate that has undergone secondary antibacterial treatment to room temperature and cut it to length to obtain antibacterial, fireproof and impact-resistant composite fireproof board.

[0076] The method for preparing antibacterial microcapsules used in the antibacterial treatment in this embodiment is as follows: Industrial-grade mesoporous silica with a pore size of 10 nm was ultrasonically dispersed at 500 W for 30 min in a 1:1 volume ratio anhydrous ethanol / water mixture. It was then acid-washed with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution to remove impurities and washed with water until neutral. The silica was then vacuum-dried at 80 °C for 2 h. The pretreated mesoporous silica was added to a 5% (w / w) solution of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane / anhydrous ethanol, with a solid-liquid ratio controlled at 1:25. The mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 4 h under nitrogen protection. The stirred product was filtered, washed three times with anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum-dried at 100 °C for 3 h to obtain amino-functionalized mesoporous silica (NH2-MSN). Commercially available silver-loaded zirconium phosphate 150 with a particle size of 100 nm was then... After ultrasonically dispersing W in deionized water to form a uniform colloid, NH2-MSN was added, and the pH was adjusted to 3.0 with hydrochloric acid. Silver-loaded zirconium phosphate was then self-assembled and grafted onto NH2-MSN under electrostatic action. Subsequently, the grafted antibacterial mesoporous silica was mixed with a wall material solution containing 1.5% polyvinyl alcohol and 1.0% silica sol by mass, with the solid content of the suspension controlled at 18:100. Finally, antibacterial microcapsules were prepared using a centrifugal spray dryer under the conditions of an inlet temperature of 170 ℃, an outlet temperature of 75 ℃, an atomization pressure of 0.3 MPa, and a feed rate of 20 mL / min.

[0077] This embodiment describes the application of an antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board in public buildings and densely populated areas, industrial and special-function areas, and rail transit applications.

[0078] Specifically, the antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board of this embodiment can be applied in various scenarios such as hospital inpatient building walls, nursing home corridor walls, medical cleanroom enclosures, chemical workshop firewalls, hazardous materials warehouse partitions, subway car interior panels, and cargo ship control room partitions. Example 5

[0079] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that: The preparation method in this embodiment includes the following steps in sequence: In S1, calcium carbonate, dolomite, silicon dioxide, and aluminum oxide are added sequentially every 6 minutes.

[0080] In S3, the first antibacterial treatment is as follows: Deionized water is poured into a mixing tank, and 0.4% (w / w) of polycarboxylate dispersant (sodium ammonium polycarboxylate copolymer) is added. The mixture is stirred at 350 rpm for 10 min to ensure the dispersant dissolves. 6% (w / w) of antibacterial microcapsules are added, and the mixture is stirred at 800 rpm for 10 min. Finally, 0.04% (w / w) of aqueous silane coupling agent is added, and the mixture is stirred at 160 rpm for 6 min. After mixing evenly, the mixture is allowed to stand for 4 min to defoam. The mixture is then evenly sprayed onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer using a spray gun, with 4 spray passes. The drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 6 min.

[0081] S4: Non-woven fabric embedding: A non-woven fabric with a basis weight of 30 g / m is laid on the surface of the core material layer after the wire mesh embedding is completed. 2 Commercially available polypropylene nonwoven fabric is bonded to the core / reinforced steel wire mesh composite layer by a pressure roller with a pressure of 4 MPa.

[0082] S5: Decorative surface application: Fire-retardant wood grain paper is applied to the surface of a substrate that has undergone one antibacterial treatment using a hot press roller. The temperature of the hot press roller is 120 ℃, the pressure is 4 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 3 s.

[0083] S6: Secondary antibacterial treatment: Pour deionized water into a mixing tank, add 0.4% polycarboxylate dispersant, and stir at 350 rpm for 10 min to ensure dissolution; add 12% antibacterial microcapsules, and stir at 800 rpm for 10 min; finally, add 0.04% aqueous silane coupling agent, and stir at 160 rpm for 6 min. After mixing evenly, let stand for 4 min to defoam; spray evenly onto the surface of the fireproof decorative material through a spray gun, with 5 spray passes; the drying temperature is 85 ℃, and the drying time is 20 min.

[0084] In the preparation method of antibacterial microcapsules, the solid-liquid ratio of silver-loaded zirconium phosphate and deionized water is 1:42. After forming a uniform colloid, NH2-MSN is added, and the pH is adjusted to 5.0 using hydrochloric acid.

[0085] Comparative Example 1 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S2 is omitted.

[0086] Comparative Example 2

[0087] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S3 is omitted.

[0088] Comparative Example 3

[0089] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S6 is omitted.

[0090] Comparative Example 4 The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that steps S3 and S6 are omitted.

[0091] Comparative Example 5

[0092] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that steps S2, S3 and S6 are omitted.

[0093] Comparative Example 6

[0094] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the process in step S6 is as follows: secondary antibacterial treatment: deionized water is poured into a mixing tank, and a polycarboxylate dispersant with a mass concentration of 0.1% is added. The mixture is stirred at 200 rpm for 5 minutes to ensure the dispersant dissolves. Antibacterial microcapsules with a mass concentration of 3% are added, and the mixture is stirred at 600 rpm for 8 minutes. Finally, an aqueous silane coupling agent with a mass concentration of 0.02% is added, and the mixture is stirred at 150 rpm for 5 minutes. After mixing evenly, the mixture is allowed to stand for 3 minutes to defoam. The mixture is then evenly sprayed onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer using a spray gun, with 3 spray passes. The drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 10 minutes.

[0095] Comparative Example 7

[0096] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the process of step S3 is as follows: First antibacterial treatment: Deionized water is poured into a mixing tank, and a polycarboxylate dispersant with a mass concentration of 0.1% is added. The mixture is stirred at 200 rpm for 5 min to ensure that the dispersant dissolves. Antibacterial microcapsules with a mass concentration of 2% are added, and the mixture is stirred at 500 rpm for 5 min. Finally, an aqueous silane coupling agent with a mass concentration of 0.01% is added, and the mixture is stirred at 100 rpm for 5 min. After mixing evenly, the mixture is allowed to stand for 2 min to defoam. The mixture is then evenly sprayed onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer through a spray gun, with 2 spray passes. The drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 3 min.

[0097] The impact resistance, combustion performance rating, and antibacterial rate results of the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are shown in Table 1 below.

[0098] Table 1

[0099] Table 1 shows that the combustion performance rating of Examples 1-5 of the present invention can all reach Class A, and the impact strength of the simply supported beams is all greater than 35.3 kJ / m. 2 The maximum value can reach 45.3 kJ / m 2In Example 1 of the present invention, the antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reached 99.98% and 99.96%, respectively; in Examples 2-5 of the present invention, the antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli were all greater than 98.85%, and the antibacterial rates against Staphylococcus aureus were all greater than 98.68%. As can be seen from Comparative Examples 6-7, when the content of antibacterial microcapsules decreased, not only did the antibacterial ability of the fireproof board decrease, but its impact resistance also decreased. This indicates that the antibacterial spraying and core material in the present invention have a synergistic effect, and the addition of antibacterial microcapsules can change the impact resistance of the fireproof board.

[0100] The antibacterial rate of the inner layer after the fire-retardant decorative surface material was removed in both the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention is shown in Table 2.

[0101] Table 2

[0102] As can be seen from Table 2, after the fireproof decorative surface material of Examples 1-5 of the present invention was removed, the antibacterial rate of Escherichia coli in the inner layer was still greater than 95.23%, and the antibacterial rate of Staphylococcus aureus was still greater than 96.01%.

[0103] In this invention, the combustion performance grading test standard is GB 8624-2012 Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products.

[0104] In this invention, the standard for testing the impact strength of simply supported beams is GB / T 1043.1-2008 "Determination of impact properties of simply supported plastic beams - Part 1: Non-instrumental impact test".

[0105] In this invention, the antibacterial rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are obtained by antibacterial testing, with the relevant testing standard being GB / T 31402-2023 Determination of antibacterial activity of plastics and other non-porous materials.

[0106] It should be understood that, in order to simplify this disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various aspects of the invention, features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention. However, this method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the claims, inventive aspects lie in fewer than all the features of the foregoingly disclosed embodiments. Therefore, the claims, following the detailed description, are hereby expressly incorporated into that detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the invention.

[0107] Although the invention has been described with reference to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand from the foregoing description that other embodiments are conceivable within the scope of the invention described herein. Furthermore, it should be noted that the language used in this specification has been chosen primarily for readability and instructional purposes, and not for the purpose of interpreting or limiting the subject matter of the invention. Therefore, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims. The disclosure of the invention is illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0108] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board, characterized in that: From the inside out, it includes a core layer, a wire mesh embedded layer, an antibacterial nonwoven fabric embedded layer, and an antibacterial decorative surface layer.

2. The antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material composition and mass fraction of the core material are as follows: calcium carbonate: 20-30 parts, dolomite: 15-20 parts, nano magnesium hydroxide: 15-25 parts, silicon dioxide: 5-10 parts, alumina: 5-8 parts, nano montmorillonite: 3-5 parts, refractory fiber: 6-10 parts, adhesive: 3-5 parts, additives: 0.5-1.5 parts, water: 25-40 parts.

3. The antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle size of nano-magnesium hydroxide is 50-100 nm; the particle size of nano-montmorillonite is 50-100 nm; the refractory fiber is one or more of basalt fiber, aluminosilicate fiber, mullite fiber and zirconium oxide fiber, with a diameter of 3-6 μm and a length of 3-8 mm; the additives are one or more of polyurethane and polyacrylate; the adhesive is one or more of corn starch modified adhesive, melamine formaldehyde resin and epoxy resin.

4. The antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire mesh used in the embedded layer of the wire mesh is either galvanized steel wire mesh or 304 stainless steel mesh. The diameter of the wire mesh is 0.3-0.6 mm, and the mesh size is 1×1 mm-6×6 mm.

5. The antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antibacterial nonwoven fabric embedded in the nonwoven layer is made of polypropylene nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 30-110 g / m². 2 .

6. The antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decorative surface of the antibacterial decorative coating layer is any one of fire-retardant wood grain paper, fire-retardant aluminum sheet, or polyethylene terephthalate flame-retardant film.

7. The antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board according to claim 1, characterized in that: Its combustion performance is rated as Class A, and its impact strength is 35.3-45.3 kJ / m. 2 The antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli is greater than 98.85%, and the antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus is greater than 98.68%.

8. A method for preparing an antibacterial, fire-resistant, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1, Core material mixing: Stir and mix the core material to obtain a uniformly dispersed core material; Add water, glue, and additives to a conical mixer and stir at 300-500 rpm for 5-10 minutes to form a uniform and transparent adhesive solution. Then add nano-magnesium hydroxide and nano-montmorillonite, and stir at an ultrasonic power of 300-400 W and a speed of 1000-1200 rpm for 15-20 minutes. Subsequently, add calcium carbonate, dolomite, silicon dioxide, and alumina sequentially every 3-6 minutes, and stir at 600-800 rpm for 10-15 minutes. Add refractory fiber and stir at 200-300 rpm for 8-10 minutes. Finally, adjust the amount of water added according to the core material viscosity of 3000-8000 mPa•s, and stir at 150-200 rpm for 5-10 minutes. S2, Wire Mesh Embedding: The wire mesh is laid on the continuously conveyed core material layer and embedded into the core material layer by pressure rollers; the pressure of the pressure rollers is 5-8 MPa; S3, One-time antibacterial treatment: The solution containing antibacterial microcapsules is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric using a spraying device, and then pre-dried. Pour deionized water into a mixing tank, add a polycarboxylate dispersant with a mass concentration of 0.3%-0.5%, and stir at 300-400 rpm for 5-10 minutes to ensure the dispersant dissolves; add antibacterial microcapsules with a mass concentration of 5%-8%, and stir at 600-800 rpm for 10-15 minutes; finally, add an aqueous silane coupling agent with a mass concentration of 0.01%-0.04%, and stir at 150-200 rpm for 5-8 minutes. After mixing evenly, let stand for 3-5 minutes to defoam; spray evenly onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric using a spraying device, applying 3-5 coats; dry at 80-100 ℃ for 5-8 minutes. S4, Non-woven fabric embedding: A non-woven fabric that has undergone one antibacterial treatment is laid on the surface of the core material layer after the steel wire mesh embedding is completed, and then bonded to the core material-steel wire mesh composite layer by a pressure roller; the pressure of the pressure roller is 2-4 MPa; S5, Decorative surface application: The fire-retardant decorative surface material is applied to the substrate surface that has undergone one antibacterial treatment using a hot press roller. The temperature of the hot press roller is 120-150 ℃, the pressure is 4-6 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 3-5 s. S6, Secondary antibacterial treatment: A solution containing antibacterial microcapsules is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the decorative material using a spraying device, and then dried. Pour deionized water into a mixing tank, add a polycarboxylate dispersant with a mass concentration of 0.3%-0.5%, and stir at 300-400 rpm for 5-10 minutes to ensure the dispersant dissolves; add antibacterial microcapsules with a mass concentration of 10%-15%, and stir at 600-800 rpm for 10-15 minutes; finally, add an aqueous silane coupling agent with a mass concentration of 0.01%-0.04%, and stir at 150-200 rpm for 5-8 minutes. After mixing evenly, let stand for 3-5 minutes to defoam; spray evenly onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric using a spraying device, with 4-6 spray passes; dry at 70-85 ℃ for 10-20 minutes. S7, Finished product processing: The substrate that has undergone secondary antibacterial treatment is cooled to room temperature and cut to length to obtain antibacterial, fireproof and impact-resistant composite fireproof board.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation method of antibacterial microcapsules is as follows: Industrial-grade mesoporous silica with a pore size of 3-10 nm is placed in a 1:1 volume ratio anhydrous ethanol / water mixture, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10-1:

20. The mixture is ultrasonically dispersed at 500-600 W for 30-45 min, followed by acid washing with hydrochloric acid solution to remove impurities and water washing until neutral. The mixture is then vacuum dried at 80-90 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain pretreated mesoporous silica. The pretreated mesoporous silica is then added to a 5%-8% (w / w) 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane / anhydrous ethanol solution, with a solid-liquid ratio controlled at 1:

25. The mixture is stirred at 60-65 ℃ under nitrogen protection for 4-5 h. The stirred product is filtered, washed 3-5 times with anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum dried at 100-110 ℃ for 3-6 h to obtain amino-functionalized mesoporous silica. Microcapsules with a particle size of 50-100 nm are then further processed. Silver-loaded zirconium phosphate (ZrP) was ultrasonically dispersed at 150-250 W in deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40-1:50 to form a uniform colloid. Then, amino-functionalized mesoporous silica was added, and the pH was adjusted to 3.0-5.0 using hydrochloric acid. Under electrostatic action, the ZrP self-assembled and grafted onto the amino-functionalized mesoporous silica to obtain grafted antibacterial mesoporous silica. Subsequently, the grafted antibacterial mesoporous silica was mixed with a wall material solution containing 1.5%-2.0% polyvinyl alcohol and 1.0%-1.5% silica sol, with the solid content of the suspension controlled at (18-22):

100. Finally, antibacterial microcapsules were prepared using a centrifugal spray dryer under the conditions of an inlet temperature of 170-180℃, an outlet temperature of 75-80℃, an atomization pressure of 0.3-0.4 MPa, and a feed rate of 20-30 mL / min.

10. The application of the antibacterial, fireproof, and impact-resistant composite fireproof board according to any one of claims 1-7 in the walls of hospital inpatient buildings, corridor walls of nursing homes, enclosures of medical clean rooms, firewalls in chemical workshops, partitions of hazardous materials warehouses, interior panels of subway cars, and partitions of cargo ship control rooms, characterized in that: The fire performance rating of the walls of hospital inpatient buildings, corridor walls of nursing homes, enclosures of medical clean rooms, firewalls of chemical workshops, partitions of hazardous materials warehouses, interior panels of subway cars, and partitions of cargo ship control rooms is Class A, and the effective antibacterial lifespan is at least 10 years.

Images