Orienting device for inclined drilling and hole distribution method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, and provides an orienting device for inclined drilling and a hole distribution method.The orienting device is arranged on a drilling machine arm used for being connected with a drill rod, the drilling machine arm is arranged in an inclined mode, the orienting device comprises a connecting part, one end of the connecting part is arranged on the drilling machine arm, and the other end of the connecting part extends in the direction opposite to the inclined direction of the drilling machine arm; the measuring part is arranged at one end of the connecting part away from the drilling arm; one end of the adjusting part is arranged on the drilling machine arm, and the other end of the adjusting part is matched with the connecting part; the adjusting part is suitable for adjusting the included angle between the connecting part and the horizontal direction. The measuring part is arranged at the tail end of the connecting part, and the included angle between the measuring part and the horizontal direction is adjusted and controlled in real time through the adjusting part, so that interference of the drilling machine body on measurement is effectively avoided, and the orientation precision and repeatability are remarkably improved; and meanwhile, the operation process is simplified, the requirement for professional skills of personnel is lowered, and good environmental adaptability, universality and engineering practicability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and in particular to a directional device and a method for drilling inclined boreholes. Background Technology

[0002] In drilling operations such as field geological exploration, mineral resource exploration, and engineering geological surveys, inclined boreholes are widely used in directional coring and exploration tasks under complex geological conditions because they can effectively penetrate specific geological structures, improve drilling efficiency, and obtain richer underground information. However, in actual construction, how to quickly and accurately complete the layout and orientation of inclined boreholes in the field has always been a key technical challenge restricting drilling accuracy and efficiency.

[0003] Currently, the industry mainly uses the following methods to achieve directional layout of inclined boreholes: The first type of method relies on high-precision surveying instruments such as total stations and levels for azimuth determination and positioning. While theoretically providing high spatial positioning accuracy, this method has several limitations in practical field applications. First, total stations and similar equipment are large and heavy, making them inconvenient to carry and set up in rugged terrain and limited access conditions. Second, the operation process is cumbersome, requiring multiple steps such as centering, leveling, aiming, data acquisition, and processing, demanding a high level of professional competence and technical skill from the operators. Furthermore, during drilling rig azimuth adjustments, a real-time feedback mechanism of "adjustment and measurement as needed" is not available, often requiring repeated disassembly, reassembly, or relocation of surveying equipment, which fails to meet the needs of simple, rapid, and low-cost field geological exploration operations.

[0004] The second type of method generally employs a handheld magnetic compass for long-distance visual aiming and positioning. While this method has advantages such as lightweight equipment, simple operation, and low cost, its orientation accuracy is relatively low due to factors such as human eye aiming errors, parallax effects caused by large target sizes, and interference from the geomagnetic environment. Especially when the borehole inclination angle is large or the drilling platform is irregular, it is difficult to accurately determine the spatial orientation of the drill string axis, leading to borehole layout deviations exceeding the allowable range, thus affecting the accuracy of subsequent geological interpretation and engineering decisions.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technology that is easy to operate, has strong anti-interference capabilities, and can achieve high-precision real-time orientation, so as to effectively improve the overall technical level and engineering implementation quality of field geological drilling work. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a directional device and hole layout method for inclined drilling, which solves the technical problems of existing inclined drilling positioning methods that cannot simultaneously achieve flexibility, anti-interference and high precision.

[0007] This invention provides a directional device for inclined drilling. The directional device is mounted on a drill arm for connecting a drill rod, the drill arm being inclined. The directional device includes: A connecting part, one end of which is disposed on the drill arm, and the other end of which extends in the opposite direction to the tilting direction of the drill arm; A measuring unit is located at the end of the connecting part away from the drill arm; An adjustment part, one end of which is disposed on the drilling arm, and the other end of which cooperates with the connecting part; The adjusting part is adapted to adjust the angle between the connecting part and the horizontal direction.

[0008] According to the present invention, an directional device for inclined drilling is provided. The connecting part includes: The first mounting base is detachably mounted on the drill arm; A connecting rod, the end of which is hinged to the first mounting base.

[0009] A directional device for inclined drilling according to the present invention The connecting rod is a telescopic structure.

[0010] According to the present invention, an orientation device for inclined drilling includes a measuring unit comprising: A support plate is disposed at the end of the connecting rod away from the first mounting base; A geological compass is mounted on the surface of the support plate.

[0011] According to the directional device for inclined drilling provided by the present invention, the measuring unit further includes: A fixing clip is provided on the surface of the tray and is adapted to engage with the geological compass.

[0012] According to the present invention, an directional device for inclined drilling is provided. The tray is detachably connected to the connecting rod, and the tray can rotate about the connecting rod as an axis. Fasteners are provided at the connection between the tray and the connecting rod.

[0013] According to the present invention, an directional device for inclined drilling includes an adjusting unit comprising: The second mounting base is detachably mounted on the drill arm; A support rod, one end of which is fixedly mounted on the second mounting base, and the other end of which engages with the connecting rod; An adjusting member is movably disposed at one end of the support rod near the connecting rod, and the adjusting member abuts against the connecting rod; The adjusting member can move along the axial direction of the support rod, pushing the support rod to rotate about the hinge point on the first mounting base.

[0014] The directional device for inclined drilling provided by the present invention further includes: A level is mounted on the surface of the connecting rod.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for drilling inclined holes, using the above-mentioned inclined drilling orientation device, comprising at least the following steps: The orientation device is installed on the drill arm; Adjust the adjusting mechanism to bring the connecting rod into a horizontal position; Adjust the geological compass to a horizontal position; Based on the first value from the geological compass, the drilling arm is adjusted to point towards the target direction to complete the orientation of the inclined borehole.

[0016] The method for drilling inclined holes according to the present invention further includes the following steps: Before or after using the orientation device to orient the inclined borehole, the geological compass is placed against the drill arm, and the tilt of the drill arm is adjusted based on the second value of the geological compass until the target inclination angle is achieved. Hole placement is performed based on the target azimuth and the target tilt angle.

[0017] The above-mentioned one or more technical solutions provided by the present invention have at least the following beneficial technical effects: by setting the measuring part at the end of the connecting part and using the adjusting part to adjust its angle with the horizontal direction in real time, the interference of the drilling rig body on the measurement is effectively avoided, and the orientation accuracy and repeatability are significantly improved; at the same time, real-time feedback of "adjusting and measuring as needed" is realized, simplifying the operation process, reducing the requirements for personnel's professional skills, and having good environmental adaptability, versatility and engineering practicality, and meeting the needs of simple, fast and low-cost construction in the field. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the orientation device provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the orientation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure label: 1. Drill rod; 2. Drill arm; 3. Connecting part; 31. First mounting base; 32. Connecting rod; 4. Measuring section; 41. Support plate; 42. Geological compass; 43. Fixing clip; 44. Fasteners; 5. Adjustment unit; 51. Second mounting base; 52. Support rod; 53. Adjustment component; 6. Level instrument. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0022] The following is combined Figures 1-2 This invention describes an orientation device and hole layout method for inclined drilling according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an orientation device for inclined drilling. The orientation device is disposed on the drill arm 2 for connecting the drill rod 1. Because it is inclined drilling, the drill arm 2 is inclined. The orientation device includes: a connecting part 3, one end of which is disposed on the drill arm 2, and the other end of which extends in the opposite direction to the inclination direction of the drill arm 2; a measuring part 4, which is disposed at the end of the connecting part 3 away from the drill arm 2; and an adjusting part 5, one end of which is disposed on the drill arm 2, and the other end of which cooperates with the connecting part 3. The adjusting part 5 is adapted to adjust the angle between the connecting part 3 and the horizontal direction.

[0024] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, by placing the measuring unit 4 at the end of the connecting unit 3 and using the adjusting unit 5 to adjust its angle with the horizontal direction in real time, interference from the drilling rig body to the measurement is effectively avoided, significantly improving the orientation accuracy and repeatability; at the same time, real-time feedback of "adjusting and measuring as needed" is realized, simplifying the operation process, reducing the requirements for personnel's professional skills, and having good environmental adaptability, versatility and engineering practicality, and meeting the needs of simple, fast and low-cost construction in the field.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a directional device for inclined drilling includes a connecting part 3 comprising: a first mounting base 31, detachably mounted on the drilling arm 2; and a connecting rod 32, the end of which is hinged to the first mounting base 31.

[0026] In some possible implementations, the first mounting base 31 is configured as a clamping structure adapted to the outer contour of the drill arm 2. It can be securely installed in a predetermined position on the drill arm 2 via detachable connectors such as bolts, quick-release clips, or pins, ensuring that no relative slippage or loosening occurs during drilling operations; and it can be adapted to drill arms 2 of different sizes and specifications. The first mounting base 31 is provided with a hinge support, which has a pair of symmetrically arranged ear plates with coaxial through holes. One end of the connecting rod 32 is provided with a hinge end that matches the ear plate. The hinge end passes through the through hole of the ear plate via a pin, thereby realizing the hinged connection between the connecting rod 32 and the first mounting base 31. This hinge structure allows the connecting rod 32 to swing at a limited angle in the vertical plane around the pin axis, providing the necessary degrees of freedom for subsequent precise control of the spatial attitude of the connecting rod 32 via the adjustment part 5. Meanwhile, to prevent the connecting rod 32 from unexpectedly deflecting due to vibration or external force when it is not adjusted, a locking nut, elastic washer or damping mechanism can be added to the hinge to reliably lock its position after the angle adjustment is completed, so as to ensure the stability and repeatability of the measuring unit 4 during the operation.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a directional device for inclined drilling is provided, wherein the connecting rod 32 is a telescopic structure.

[0028] It should be understood that the connecting rod 32 adopts a telescopic structure to adapt to the installation space of different models of drilling rig arms 2 and the different requirements of the measurement reference distance for on-site operations.

[0029] In some possible implementations, the connecting rod 32 includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, with the inner sleeve slidably nested inside the outer sleeve. A guide-fitting structure enables axial sliding and prevents relative rotation between the two. To ensure structural stability and positioning accuracy during the telescopic process, the connecting rod 32 is also equipped with a length locking mechanism. This locking mechanism can be a mechanical locking structure where an elastic pin on the sidewall of the outer sleeve engages with multiple positioning holes distributed axially along the inner sleeve. Alternatively, it can be an alternative form such as a threaded tightening ring, a quick-clamp lever mechanism, or a friction damping adjustment device. After the connecting rod 32 is adjusted to the required length, the operator can use the locking mechanism to fix the inner sleeve and outer sleeve relative to each other, thereby maintaining the measuring unit 4 in a predetermined position in space. Furthermore, a sealing ring or dust cover can be installed between the mating surfaces of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve to prevent common pollutants in the field environment, such as mud and water vapor, from entering the sliding gap, ensuring the long-term reliability and smooth operation of the telescopic function. This scalable design not only enhances the universal adaptability of the orientation device, but also facilitates transportation, storage, and rapid on-site deployment, further enhancing its practicality in complex field geological exploration scenarios.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an orientation device for inclined drilling includes a measuring unit 4 comprising: a support plate 41 disposed at one end of a connecting rod 32 away from a first mounting base 31; and a geological compass 42 disposed on the surface of the support plate 41.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the support plate 41 is fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting rod 32 away from the first mounting base 31. Its structural design fully considers load-bearing stability, horizontal reference, and anti-interference capability. Specifically, the support plate 41 can be integrally formed from rigid non-magnetic metal or high-strength engineering plastic material (such as aluminum alloy), and is rectangular or circular flat. Its upper surface is precision milled or ground to ensure good flatness, serving as a horizontal reference surface for the installation of the geological compass 42. To reduce the influence of metal components such as the drilling arm 2 on the geological compass 42, the geological compass 42 is a dedicated anti-magnetic compass for field geological orientation, equipped with an azimuth scale, inclination level, and reflector aiming device, etc., and its bottom is provided with a mounting base that matches the support plate 41. The geological compass 42 can be detachably fixed to the central area of ​​the upper surface of the support plate 41 by screws, magnetic base, or embedded slot structure to ensure that it does not shift or tilt during use.

[0032] Furthermore, considering that the complex electromagnetic environment in the field may interfere with the magnetic compass, the materials of the support plate 41 and the connecting rod 32 are preferably non-magnetic metals or high-strength engineering plastics, and the geological compass 42 is arranged in a structural layout that keeps it as far away as possible from potential sources of magnetic interference such as the drill's motor and hydraulic lines. Through the above design, the measuring unit 4 of the present invention can not only provide borehole azimuth information stably and reliably, but also take into account ease of operation and environmental adaptability, effectively supporting the realization of high-precision directional operations in inclined boreholes.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an orientation device for inclined drilling includes a measuring unit 4 further comprising a fixing clip 43 disposed on the surface of a support plate 41, which is adapted to engage with a geological compass.

[0034] It should be understood that, in addition to the support plate 41 and the geological compass 42, the measuring unit 4 is further provided with a fixing clip 43 to ensure that the geological compass 42 is stably and reliably installed on the support plate 41 during field operations, avoiding positional displacement due to vibration, bumps, or operational disturbances, thereby ensuring the repeatability and accuracy of orientation measurements. Specifically, the fixing clip 43 is set on the upper surface of the support plate 41, and its structure is customized according to the shape and bottom features of the geological compass 42 to be used.

[0035] In some possible implementations, the fixing clip 43 consists of a pair of symmetrically arranged elastic claws made of non-magnetic metal or highly elastic engineering plastic, exhibiting good fatigue resistance and environmental tolerance. One end of each claw is fixedly connected to the surface of the support plate 41 (e.g., by countersunk screw embedding or integral molding), while the other end extends inward to form a limiting flange or arc-shaped notch that matches the edge of the base of the geological compass 42. When the geological compass 42 is placed in a predetermined position on the support plate 41, its base edge can be elastically clamped by the claws, achieving rapid engagement and positioning.

[0036] In another feasible embodiment, the fixing clip 43 can be a frame structure with a locking mechanism, the frame being partially or fully circumferentially arranged around the support plate 41, and integrating a push-to-release buckle or tightening bolt on at least one side for securely locking the compass after it is installed. This structure is particularly suitable for high-precision orientation compasses that are large in size or have a high center of gravity, effectively preventing them from slipping or tipping over when tilted.

[0037] Furthermore, to improve installation accuracy, the inner contact surface of the fixing clip 43 can be covered with a rubber pad or a polyurethane buffer layer, which enhances the friction and anti-slip effect and prevents direct contact between metal parts and damage to the compass housing. At the same time, the geometric center of the fixing clip 43 is strictly aligned with the reference center of the support plate 41 to ensure that the central axis of the geological compass 42 is consistent with the extension direction of the connecting part 3 after installation, thereby accurately reflecting the spatial orientation of the borehole axis.

[0038] It should be noted that the design of the fixing clip 43 takes into account the need for quick assembly and disassembly, facilitating the replacement of different types or specifications of measuring instruments under different working conditions, thus enhancing the modularity and compatibility of the device. Through the above structure, the fixing clip 43 in this embodiment of the invention not only achieves the stable installation of the geological compass 42, but also significantly improves the reliability and ease of operation of the entire orientation device in complex field environments.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an directional device for inclined drilling is provided, wherein the support plate 41 is detachably connected to the connecting rod 32, and the support plate 41 can rotate about the connecting rod 32 as an axis; wherein, a fastener 44 is provided at the connection between the support plate 41 and the connecting rod 32.

[0040] It should be understood that the support plate 41 and the connecting rod 32 are connected in a detachable and rotatable manner. The main purpose of this is to balance the installation flexibility of the measuring unit 4 with the posture adjustment requirements during use. In use, the geological compass 42 can be leveled by rotating the support plate 41 to ensure the accuracy of the orientation measurement.

[0041] In some possible embodiments, the side of the support plate 41 is provided with a sleeve that extends horizontally and whose inner diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the connecting rod 32 to form a clearance fit, allowing the end of the connecting rod 32 to be inserted into the sleeve and allowing the support plate 41 to rotate freely in the horizontal plane about the axis of the connecting rod 32. A threaded through hole is provided on the side wall of the sleeve, and a fastener 44 (e.g., a thumbscrew, wing bolt, or socket head cap screw) is threaded into this hole. After the support plate 41 is rotated around the connecting rod 32 and leveled by the geological compass 42, the operator tightens the fastener 44, pushing it inward along the threaded through hole until its end abuts against and presses against the outer circumferential surface of the connecting rod 32. By applying sufficient preload, the fastener 44 generates a significant radial clamping force between the sleeve and the connecting rod 32, thereby increasing the frictional resistance torque between the contact surfaces and firmly locking the support plate 41 relative to the connecting rod 32.

[0042] Furthermore, to improve clamping reliability and protect the surface of the connecting rod 32, an arc-shaped pressure head, nylon pad, or elastic rubber pad can be provided at the abutting end of the fastener 44 to form surface contact with the outer wall of the connecting rod 32, avoiding local stress concentration or scratches caused by point contact. At the same time, the corresponding area of ​​the connecting rod 32 can be processed into a micro-plane or knurled structure to enhance anti-slip capability, but it must be ensured that the overall non-magnetic properties are maintained to avoid interfering with the operation of the magnetic needle of the geological compass 42.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an directional device for inclined drilling includes an adjustment unit 5 comprising: a second mounting base 51, detachably mounted on the drilling arm 2; a support rod 52, one end of which is fixedly mounted on the second mounting base 51, and the other end of which engages with a connecting rod 32; and an adjustment member 53, movably mounted on the end of the support rod 52 near the connecting rod 32, and abutting against the connecting rod 32; wherein the adjustment member 53 is capable of moving axially along the support rod 52, thereby pushing the support rod 52 to rotate about the hinge point on the first mounting base 31.

[0044] It should be understood that the adjustment unit 5 is used to precisely control the angle between the connecting rod 32 and the horizontal direction, thereby ensuring that the geological compass 42 is in the correct spatial orientation to accurately reflect the azimuth and inclination of the borehole. The adjustment unit 5 includes a second mounting base 51, a support rod 52, and an adjustment component 53. The three work together to form a mechanical angle adjustment mechanism that is structurally stable, has high adjustment accuracy, and is easy to operate.

[0045] In some possible implementations, the structure of the second mounting base 51 can be adapted to the shape of the drilling arm 2, such as a U-shaped clamp, an L-shaped bracket, or a clamping block with locking bolts. The second mounting base 51 is securely connected to a predetermined position on the lower or side of the drilling arm 2 by means of bolts, pins, or quick-release clips, which facilitates quick installation and disassembly on different models of drilling rigs.

[0046] One end of the support rod 52 is fixedly connected to the second mounting base 51, for example, by welding, threaded connection, or pin hinge to achieve rigid or semi-rigid fixation; the other end extends to the bottom or side of the connecting rod 32 and forms a spatial fit with the connecting rod 32. In a typical structure, the support rod 52 is a straight metal rod made of high-strength non-magnetic material (such as aluminum alloy) to balance rigidity, lightweight, and electromagnetic compatibility with measuring instruments.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the end of the support rod 52 is provided with an external threaded section or a guide groove, and the adjusting member 53 is constructed to match it. In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting member 53 is an adjusting nut or fine-tuning knob with an internal thread, which is fitted onto the threaded section of the support rod 52 and can rotate and move axially along the support rod 52. Further, the adjusting member 53 may include a threaded portion and a supporting portion. The supporting portion can effectively support the connecting rod 32 and prevent slippage during the contact with the connecting rod 32. The supporting portion can be rotatably connected to the threaded portion through a bearing. Rotating the threaded portion allows the threaded portion to move axially along the support rod 52. Due to the presence of the bearing, the supporting portion will not rotate, but will only be driven by the threaded portion and push the connecting rod 32. In another embodiment, the adjusting member 53 is a sliding block, which slides axially along the support rod 52 through a guide rail or keyway structure and is limited by a locking screw. Regardless of the form, the outer end face or protrusion of the adjusting member 53 always maintains contact or abutment with the lower surface or side wall of the connecting rod 32.

[0048] When the operator rotates or pushes the adjusting member 53, it displaces along the axial direction of the support rod 52, thereby applying a thrust or support reaction force to the connecting rod 32. Since the other end of the connecting rod 32 is hinged to the drill arm 2 via the first mounting base 31 (i.e., forming a lever structure with the hinge point as the center of rotation), this thrust will drive the connecting rod 32 to rotate around the hinge point in the vertical plane, thereby changing its angle with the horizontal direction. By finely adjusting the axial position of the adjusting member 53, continuous and stepless adjustment of the tilt angle of the connecting rod 32 can be achieved until the measuring unit 4 reaches the desired horizontal or preset tilt angle state.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the directional device for inclined drilling provided in an embodiment of the present invention further includes: a level 6, which is disposed on the surface of the connecting rod 32.

[0050] It should be understood that the level 6 is used to assist in determining the attitude of the connecting rod 32 relative to the horizontal plane, providing a reliable reference benchmark for the leveling and orientation of the geological compass 42.

[0051] In some possible implementations, the level 6 can be a circular level or a tubular bubble level 6, preferably with a highly sensitive, shock-resistant, enclosed structure, filled with a low-viscosity liquid and encapsulated with a bubble indicator chamber. The level 6 is fixed to the outer circumference of the connecting rod 32 by means of embedding, bonding, snap-fitting, or screw fastening. Its installation position is typically located in the middle of the connecting rod 32 or near the measuring section 4, so that the operator can observe the leveling status while simultaneously monitoring the geological compass 42.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the outer surface of the connecting rod 32 is provided with a dedicated mounting groove or mounting platform. The bottom of the level instrument 6 is attached to the platform and fixed with epoxy resin adhesive or stainless steel countersunk screws to prevent loosening or displacement due to outdoor vibration or temperature changes. In addition, a transparent protective cover or scratch-resistant glass sheet can be installed on the outside of the level instrument 6 to protect it from mud, rainwater and mechanical impacts, ensuring its clarity and reliability for long-term use.

[0053] In actual operation, the operator operates the adjusting member 53 in the adjusting unit 5. When the adjusting member 53 is screwed in or pushed forward, it abuts against and pushes the connecting rod 32, causing the connecting rod 32 to rotate in the vertical plane around the hinge point between it and the first mounting base 31, thereby changing the angle between the connecting rod 32 and the horizontal direction. During this process, the operator observes the position of the bubble on the level instrument 6 in real time: if the bubble deviates from the center scale, the adjusting member 53 is finely adjusted until the bubble is stably centered, indicating that the connecting rod 32 has been adjusted to a horizontal state. At this time, the measuring part 4 fixed to the end of the connecting rod 32 is also on the horizontal reference plane.

[0054] This invention also provides a method for drilling inclined holes, using the aforementioned inclined drilling orientation device, and includes at least the following steps: S1, Install the orientation device onto the drill arm 2; S2, adjust the adjusting component 53 to make the connecting rod 32 horizontal; S3, adjust the geological compass to a horizontal position; S4, based on the first value of the geological compass 42, adjust the drill arm 2 to point to the target direction to complete the orientation of the inclined borehole.

[0055] In some specific implementation methods: Step S1 specifically includes: First, the first mounting base 31 of the orientation device is detachably fixed to a predetermined position on the drill arm 2, typically on the side wall or lower part of the drill arm 2 near the connecting end of the drill rod 1, ensuring a stable installation without interfering with the rotation of the drill rod 1 or the operating space; simultaneously, the second mounting base 51 of the adjustment part 5 is installed at another appropriate position on the drill arm 2, so that the support rod 52 can effectively support and act on the connecting rod 32. All connecting parts 3 are locked with bolts, quick-release clips, or pins to ensure no relative displacement during subsequent adjustment and drilling.

[0056] Step S2 specifically includes: After the orientation device is installed, the operator observes the level 6 set on the outer surface of the connecting rod 32; by rotating or axially moving the adjusting member 53, it is pushed axially along the support rod 52 and abuts against the connecting rod 32, thereby applying a controllable support reaction force to the connecting rod 32; since one end of the connecting rod 32 is hinged to the first mounting base 31, this reaction force will drive the connecting rod 32 to rotate in the vertical plane around the hinge point; the operator continues to fine-tune the adjusting member 53 until the bubble in the level 6 is centered, indicating that the connecting rod 32 has been accurately adjusted to a horizontal state. This step provides a reliable horizontal reference for the subsequent measurement unit 4 and is a prerequisite for ensuring accurate azimuth readings.

[0057] Step S3 specifically includes: based on the fact that the connecting rod 32 is in a horizontal state, further confirm the levelness of the geological compass 42 itself; if the geological compass 42 is equipped with an independent level, the operator can make fine adjustments through its bottom leveling mechanism, or rely on the rotation / leveling structure between the support plate 41 and the connecting rod 32 to make the compass body completely in the horizontal plane; this step aims to eliminate the magnetic needle deflection error caused by the tilt of the compass mounting surface and ensure that the azimuth reading reflects the true azimuth.

[0058] Step S4 specifically includes: After the geological compass 42 is stably horizontal, the operator reads its current azimuth angle (i.e., the "first value"). Then, using this value as a reference, the entire drilling rig is rotated until the axis of the drilling arm 2 is aligned with the preset borehole design azimuth. During this process, the geological compass 42 moves synchronously with the orientation device, and its real-time displayed azimuth value guides the precise orientation of the drilling arm 2. When the compass reading matches the target azimuth angle, the spatial orientation of the inclined borehole is completed, and the drilling operation can begin.

[0059] It should be noted that the above steps can be completed within minutes without relying on external precision instruments such as total stations, and the drilling rig can be adjusted and the azimuth angle read simultaneously, significantly improving the efficiency of field operations. Furthermore, since the entire orientation process is based on mechanical leveling and direct magnetic azimuth reading, it is simple to operate, low in cost, and requires relatively low professional skills from operators, making it particularly suitable for exploration areas with complex terrain, inconvenient transportation, or limited resources.

[0060] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for laying out inclined boreholes further includes the following steps: before or after using an orientation device to orient the inclined boreholes, a geological compass 42 is placed against the drill arm 2, and the inclination of the drill arm 2 is adjusted based on a second value of the geological compass 42 until the target inclination angle is reached; and boreholes are laid out based on the target azimuth and the target inclination angle.

[0061] In some possible implementations, the geological compass 42 is directly abutted against the outer surface of the drilling arm 2 (typically a flat, unobstructed area of ​​its main beam or arm body), ensuring the bottom surface of the compass is parallel to the axis of the drilling arm 2 and that the compass is in a stable, fitted state; alternatively, a mounting base is installed on the drilling arm 2, and the compass is placed on the mounting base; subsequently, the current angle value indicated by the integrated tilt scale or attached tilt level on the geological compass 42 is read, i.e., the "second value". This second value reflects the actual tilt angle of the current axis of the drilling arm 2 relative to the horizontal plane.

[0062] Based on this second value, the operator gradually changes the tilt of the drill arm 2 by adjusting its pitch mechanism. During the adjustment process, the tilt angle reading of the geological compass 42 is continuously observed until its displayed value matches the preset target tilt angle (e.g., 45°, 60°, etc., determined according to the exploration design), and the error is controlled within the allowable range. At this point, the spatial attitude of the drill arm 2 simultaneously meets the design requirements for both azimuth and tilt angle, completing the complete three-dimensional orientation, and subsequent hole layout and drilling operations are carried out accordingly.

[0063] It should be noted that this tilt adjustment step can be flexibly arranged before or after azimuth orientation. Regardless of the order, directly placing the geological compass 42 against the drill arm 2 to measure the tilt angle fully utilizes the integrated tilt and azimuth measurement functions of the geological compass 42, avoiding the need for additional equipment such as inclinometers and simplifying the operation process. Furthermore, since the geological compass 42 is a standard tool in the field, and operators are familiar with its operation, this step has good operability and engineering adaptability.

[0064] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional device for inclined drilling, characterized in that, An orientation device is mounted on a drill arm (2) for connecting a drill rod (1), the drill arm (2) being inclined, and the orientation device includes: A connecting part (3) is provided at one end of the drilling arm (2) and the other end of the connecting part (3) extends in the opposite direction to the tilting direction of the drilling arm (2). The measuring part (4) is located at the end of the connecting part (3) away from the drilling arm (2); Adjustment part (5), one end of the adjustment part (5) is provided on the drilling arm (2), and the other end of the adjustment part (5) cooperates with the connecting part (3); The adjustment part (5) is adapted to adjust the angle between the connecting part (3) and the horizontal direction.

2. The directional device for inclined drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting part (3) includes: The first mounting base (31) is detachably mounted on the drill arm (2); A connecting rod (32) is provided, the end of which is hinged to the first mounting base (31).

3. The directional device for inclined drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting rod (32) is a telescopic structure.

4. The directional device for inclined drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring unit (4) includes: A support plate (41) is disposed at one end of the connecting rod (32) away from the first mounting base (31); A geological compass (42) is disposed on the surface of the tray (41).

5. The directional device for inclined drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that, The measuring unit (4) also includes: A fixing clip (43) is provided on the surface of the tray (41) and is adapted to engage with the geological compass.

6. The directional device for inclined drilling according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The tray (41) is detachably connected to the connecting rod (32), and the tray (41) can rotate about the connecting rod (32) as an axis; Fasteners (44) are provided at the connection between the tray (41) and the connecting rod (32).

7. The directional device for inclined drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment unit (5) includes: The second mounting base (51) is detachably mounted on the drill arm (2); A support rod (52) is provided, one end of which is fixedly mounted on the second mounting base (51), and the other end of which is engaged with the connecting rod (32). An adjusting member (53) is movably disposed at one end of the support rod (52) near the connecting rod (32), and the adjusting member (53) abuts against the connecting rod (32); The adjusting member (53) can move along the axial direction of the support rod (52) and push the support rod (52) to rotate about the hinge point on the first mounting base (31).

8. The directional device for inclined drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A level (6) is mounted on the surface of the connecting rod (32).

9. A method for drilling holes at an angle, characterized in that, The directional device for inclined drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises at least the following steps: The orientation device is installed on the drilling arm (2); Adjust the adjusting component (53) to make the connecting rod (32) horizontal; Adjust the geological compass (42) to a horizontal position; Based on the first value of the geological compass (42), the drilling arm (2) is adjusted to point to the target orientation to complete the orientation of the inclined borehole.

10. The method for drilling inclined holes according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: Before or after using the orientation device to orient the inclined borehole, the geological compass (42) is placed against the drill arm (2), and the inclination of the drill arm (2) is adjusted based on the second value of the geological compass (42) until the target inclination angle is reached; Hole placement is performed based on the target azimuth and the target tilt angle.

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